Cec 214

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARTIES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT
There are three basic parties involves that have responsibilities and roles to play
 Client
 Contractor
 Professional (Engineer)
CLIENT (EMPLOYER)
Is the person who commission the project, pays for it and undertakes to own it when
completed. Generally, the employer retains the services of the engineer who
undertakes the requisite design work and supervise on the employers behalf. The
sources of employer or client includes the following:
 The individual
 The private sector
 Public sector
 Government bodies or authorities.
THE CONTRATOR:
Is any individual or organization which undertakes to performed for a given sum of
money the work specified in the contract documents
THE ENGINEER:
Is to act as the employer’s principal professional and technical adviser in respect to
the development of the project. To design the work, to act as employers agent in
drawing up the schedule of work for the project.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE QUANTITY SURVEYOR, CIVIL ENGINEER AND
ARCHITECT.
An architect is one of allied professionals in the construction industry who design
building and other construction work, specifying materials to be used and methods of
construction to be adopted or employed to erect and to complete work in a contract.
The quantity surveyor advice the architect on the cost implication of his design
whenever he is called upon to do so.
The architect recommend a quantity surveyor for cost advice to the client. Sometimes
the quantity surveyor recommend architect to clients for their design.
In a large or complex project or contract where structural work are required involving
beam, column and foundation design, a structural or civil engineer is employed by
architect or client to give advice on the structural design of the project.
Where the project is a pure civil engineering work in character, the civil engineer
attained the total responsibility and act as an architect. The quantity surveyor relates
with the engineer by giving cost advice and control services.
UNIT OF MEASUREMENTS
a. Plant Item
b. Removal of trees No
c. Clearing of bushes, undergrowth, scrubbed etc m2

d. Top soil excavation m2
e. Trench Excavation m3
f. Level and compaction m2
g. Antitermite treatment m2
h. Earth work support to faces of excavation m2
i. Disposal of water m2
j. Hard core filling m3
k. Concrete m3
l. Block work m2
m. Reinforcement Kg
n. Roof m2
HOW TO BUILD UP A UNIT RATE

CONCRETE USING 1:2:4 ( Cement, Sand and Gravel1 m3)
Cement
 Density of cement is 1440
 Weight of one bag of cement is 50kg
1440
 To find the required number of a bag of cement per m3 of concrete= 50 = 28.8
bags
 Cost of bag of cement 2650
 Total cost of cement = 28.8 𝑥 2650 = 𝑁 76320
2
 Add 2% waste 100 𝑥 76320 = 1526.4
 Transportation and uploading 50
 Total cost of transport and uploading 50 x 28.8 = 1440
 Total cost of cement = 76320 + 1526.4 + 1440 = N79286.4
Sand
 10 tire of sand have 7.2 cubic metre
 Cost of 10 tire of sand = N22000
22000
 Cost of 1 cubic metre is 7.2 = 𝑁3055
 Since we are using 1:2:4, the proportion of sand is 2, therefore total cost of
sand = 2 x 3055 = N6110
2
 Add 2% waste 100 𝑥 6110 = 122.2
 Total cost of sand = 6110 + 122.2 = N6232.2
Gravel
 Less say 10 tire of sand have 7.2 cubic metre of gravel
 Cost of 10 tire of gravel = N100000
100000
 Cost of 1 cubic metre is 7.2 = 𝑁13,889
 Since we are using 1:2:4, the proportion of gravel is 4, therefore total cost of
gravel = 4 x 13889 = N55556
2
 Add 2% waste 100 𝑥 55556 = 1112
 Total cost of sand = 55556 + 1112= N 56668
Cost of 7 cubic metre of concrete = 56668 +6232.2 + 79286.4 = N142186.6
Add 50% mixing, placing and compaction = .5 x 142186.6 = 71093.3
Total cost of 7 cubic metre of concrete = 71093.3 + 142186.6 = N 213,279.9
𝟐𝟏𝟑𝟐𝟕𝟗.𝟗
Cost of 1 cubic metre of concrete = = 𝑵 𝟑𝟎, 𝟒𝟔𝟖. 𝟓𝟔
𝟕
Mortar (Using a ratio of 1:4)

Cement
 Total ratio = 5 (1+4)
1
 Proportion of cement = 5 = 0.2
50
 Volume of cement in 1 metre cube of concrete = 1440 = 0.0347
 Total bag of cement required for 1 metre cube using proportion of cement =
.2 𝑥 1
= 5.763 𝑏𝑎𝑔𝑠
0.0347
 A bag of cement is 2650, therefore cost for 5.763 bags of cement =
5.763 𝑥 2650 = 15,271
 Add 2% waste = .02 𝑥 15271 = 305.42
 Add loading and uploading 50 naira each per bag = 50 𝑥 5.763 = 288.15
 Total cost for cement = 157271 + 305.42 + 288.15 = N 15,864.57
Sand
 Proportion of sand = 4/5 = 0.8
 Cost of ten tire equivalent to a 7.2 m3 = 22000
22000
 Cost of 1 m3 = 7.2 = 3055
 Cost of sand = 0.8 x 3055 = 2440
 Add 2% waste = .02 x 2440 =48.88
 Add 10000 for transportation
Total cost of sand = 2440+48.88 +1000 = N3492
Total cost of motar per 1 m3 = 15864.57 + 3492 = N19,356

Block work
 unit of measurement = m2
 consider 1 square metre (1 length x1 height =1)
 standard size of 9 inch blocks 225 x 225 x 450
1
 to obtain a number of blocks across the length (1m) =.45 = 2.5 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑠
1
 to obtain the number of blocks for the 1 m height = 0.225 = 3.999
 total number of blocks required per 1 m2 = 3.999 x 2.5 = 9.9999 approximately

10 blocks per 1 metre square
 cost for 9 inch block = 150
 cost of block per 1 metre square = 10 x 150 = 1500
 add transport, load and unloading of N 20 each per block = 20 x 10 = N 200
 total cost of block = 1500 + 200 = 1700
 number of joints in 1 metre length of block work = 3
 number of joint 1 metre height of blockwork = 4
 volume of motar across the 1m height of block work with a length of 1 m = .01
x .225 x 1 x 4 = 0.009 cubic metre
 volume of motar vertical joint motar for 1 metre height = .225 x .01 x .225 x 3
x 4 = 0.006 cubic metre
 total volume of motar = 0.009 + 0.006 = 0.015 cubic metre
 cost of 1 cubic metre of motar = 19356
 cost 0f 0.015 cubic metre of motar = 0.015 x 19356 = 290 .434
 Cost for blockwork I m3 = 290.434 + 1700 = 1990. 438
 Add 50% laying and workmanship = .5 x 1990.438 = 995.219
Total cost of blockwork = 995.219 + 19990.438 = N 2,985.219

Assignment
Build-up a unit rate for cement sand motar for plastering work, using a mix ratio
of 1:6
Reinforcement
 Reinforcement are measured in kg
𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥𝑙
 Length of reinforcement bars are converted to a weight using 162
 What is 162 ?
 Recall weight = volume x unit weight eq…………….1
 But volume = area x length ……………………………2
 Since reinforcement are in circular form, the volume =( (3.141 xd2)/4) x l …….3
 Unit weight of reinforcement bars = 7850 kg/m
 Substitute eq 2 and 3 into equation 1
 Weight = ( (3.141 xd2)/4) x l x 7850
 Unit weight and length are in metre, but the bar diameter is in mm, convert the
bar diameter to metre by dividing by a 1 thousand in two places since the
diameter is squared
 ( (3.141 xd2)/(4 x 1000 x 1000) ) x l x 7850 = (d2L)/(162)
 Let’s take 12mm diameter bar of length 12 metres
 (122 x 12)/162 = 10.67 kg
 That means a 12mm reinforcement bar of 12m have an equivalent weight of
10.67 kg
 Cost of 1 12mm reinforcement bar is = N 2300
 That means for every 10.67 kg of 12 mm reinforcement bar is N 2300
 Add cost of transportation 200
 Add cost of bending and stretching 500
Total cost = 2300 +200 + 300 = N 2800

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ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARTIES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT

c. Clearing of bushes, undergrowth, scrubbed etc m2

HOW TO BUILD UP A UNIT RATE

Mortar (Using a ratio of 1:4)

Total cost of motar per 1 m3 = 15864.57 + 3492 = N19,356

 total number of blocks required per 1 m2 = 3.999 x 2.5 = 9.9999 approximately

Total cost of blockwork = 995.219 + 19990.438 = N 2,985.219

Total cost = 2300 +200 + 300 = N 2800

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