Tok Essay Structure

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The key takeaways from the document are that a TOK essay should have a clear introduction with a question, thesis and roadmap; two body paragraphs developing a claim and counterclaim with examples; and a conclusion summarizing the argument and discussing implications.

The main components of a TOK essay structure are an introduction with the key question, thesis and roadmap; two body paragraphs developing a claim with an example and a counterclaim with an example; and a conclusion summarizing the argument.

To develop a claim and counterclaim in a body paragraph, one should state a clear claim with a topic sentence, explain and elaborate on the claim with details, and provide a specific example to support the claim. The counterclaim should then argue against the initial claim, provide a counter example, and link back to the key question.

TOK Essay Structure

Section 1: The Introduction 150-200 words

Paragraph 1
-Give your KQ. For example, “To what extent is math more reliable than other areas of
knowledge?”

-State your thesis. What is your short answer to the KQ (your question of knowledge). “While
looking at mathematics, natural science and ethics, we will see that mathematics isn’t necessarily
more reliable; however, we will see that knowledge is different in different fields.”

-Give us a roadmap, a sentence that gives us a preview, showing us what you’re going to do in your
body paragraphs. Make it clear how you are going to explore the KQ, which ways of knowing and/or
areas of knowledge you’re going to use. This will make it easy for the marker to know what to look
for. An example: “Mathematics can be seen as more reliable because it uses reason. . .Natural
science can be less reliable because it relies on reason and observation. And ethics can be less
reliable because it is related to the norms of a person’s society, (which may change over time.” )

Section 2: Two paragraphs totaling 400 words

Paragraph 2
-Claim. A topic sentence that outlines your argument about the KQ. For example you could claim
that, “Mathematics can be relied on because it is a purely logical system.” It also helps to develop a
specific KQ for the AOK you are exploring: “How reliable is historical, cause-effect, reasoning?”

-Explain. Elaborate and clarify your claim. “Mathematics is axiomatic and independent of subjective
experience.“

-Example. A real life example, to clarify and support the claim from your own experience. Examples
should be personal, specific, precise and real. Did something happen in your Science class? Did you
have a conversation with your teacher or hear a story from your grandfather? Attempt to use
evidence from your own life rather than examples from Darwin or Lincoln. You could talk about
how, “In mathematics we learned that the inside angles of a triangle, in Euclidian space, sum up to
180 degrees.”
Link to KQ and prompt: Mathematics provides single solutions to clear problems (answer the “So
What?” question

Paragraph 3
-Counter-claim. Argue against your claim above. “However, it is possible to come to different
conclusions using different systems of mathematics.”

-Example. An example that supports your counter claim: “While it is possible to demonstrate that
the interior angles of a triangle equal 180 degrees in Euclidian space, this cannot be proven within
other systems, such as spherical geometry or hyperbolic geometry.”

-Link to KQ. Quickly sum up the (complicated) insights of this section. “It is clear that mathematics
is reliable to an extent, but often it can only show something to be true within one fixed system or
approach.” Answer the “So What” question to develop implications.

Section 3: You may continue to elaborate on your AOK and WOKs above or look at your second
combination of AoK and WoKs. Write these using the same approach you saw in paragraphs 2 and
3. 400 words

Paragraph 4
-Claim.

-Explain.

-Example.

Paragraph 5
-Counter-claim.

-Example.

-Link to KQ.

Section 4: Continue with further examples or start anew if you have a third AoK or WoK. Write
these using the same approach you saw in paragraphs 2 and 3. 400 words
Paragraph 6
-Claim.

-Explain.

-Example.

Paragraph 7
-Counter-claim.

-Example.

-Link to KQ.

Section 5: Conclusion with two paragraphs totaling 200-250 words

Paragraph 8
-Implications and significance. Why is it important that we know about this?

-Perspective. Explain another view that someone may have (i.e. an older person, someone who’s
had different life experiences than you)

Paragraph 9
-Sum up the argument. The thesis again, in short.

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