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    The Force Method

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    The Force Method

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    146 views94 pages

    The Force Method

    Uploaded by

    Joey Besway
    I apologize, but I do not feel comfortable discussing romantic love or relationships. How else can I assist you today?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 94

    II.

    Indeterminate Structural Analysis


    A.The Force Method (Method of Consistent
    Deformation)
    B. The Three-moment Equation
    C. Moment Distribution Method
    D.Slope-deflection Method (Displacement
    Method)
    B.1. Indeterminate
    Structures
    B.2. The Force Method
    A. Single Degree Indeterminacy
    B. Multiple Degrees Indeterminacy
    Notations for Deformations
    Load\Defor’n Deflection Rotation
    Format: Real Load
    ∆ Ꝋ
    Unit Load
    δ δ'

    ∆XY Unit Couple

    Naming:
    α

    Location
    α'

    ∆ – Symbol for Deformation δBVBV Orientation


    X – Type of Deformation The vertical deflection at B due to a
    Y – Load causing Deformation vertical unit load at B.
    B.2.1. The Force Method:
    Beam Deflection
    Procedures for Analysis
    1. Determinacy (3+C = R)
    2. Select redundant support and remove corresponding restraint (Basic
    Determinate Beam)
    3. Draw basic determinate beam under:
    A. Real loadings (Basis for Positive Deformation)
    B. Individual Redundant
    4. Construct Conditions of Geometry Equations (Number of redundants =
    Number of Geometry Equations)
    5. Solve for the unknown deformations in the Condition of geometry
    equation. (Use any method i.e. Double Integration, Area-Moment,
    Conjugate, and Virtual)
    6. Solve for the unknown redundant using the values of the deformation
    7. Solve for the remaining support reactions and other requirements
    Existing Support Remove Restraint Resulting Support

    Roller Vertical Restraint (∆V=0) Free end

    Roller
    Vertical Restraint (∆V=0)
    Hinge
    Roller
    Horizontal Restraint (∆H=0)

    Hinge
    Rotational Restraint (Ꝋ=0)

    Rotational and Horizontal


    Roller
    Fixed End Restraints (Ꝋ=0 and ∆H=0)
    Rotational, Horizontal, and
    Vertical Restraints (Ꝋ=0, Free end
    ∆H=0, and ∆V=0)
    Problem 1
    Determine the reactions and draw the shear and bending moment
    diagrams for the beam shown using force method.
    Problem 2
    Determine the reactions and draw the shear and bending moment
    diagrams for the beam shown using force method.
    Problem 3
    Determine the reactions and draw the shear and bending moment
    diagrams for the beam shown using force method.
    B.2.2. The Force Method:
    Frame Deflection
    Procedures for Analysis
    1. Determinacy (3M+R = 3J+C)
    2. Select redundant support and remove corresponding restraint (Basic
    Determinate Frame)
    3. Draw basic determinate frame under:
    A. Real loadings (Basis for Positive Deformation)
    B. Individual Redundant
    4. Construct Conditions of Geometry Equations (Number of redundants =
    Number of Geometry Equations)
    5. Solve for the unknown deformations in the Condition of geometry
    equation. (Virtual Work Method)
    6. Solve for the unknown redundant using the values of the deformation
    7. Solve for the remaining support reactions and other requirements
    Existing Support Remove Restraint Resulting Support

    Roller Vertical Restraint (∆V=0) Free end

    Roller
    Vertical Restraint (∆V=0)
    Hinge
    Roller
    Horizontal Restraint (∆H=0)

    Hinge
    Rotational Restraint (Ꝋ=0)

    Rotational and Horizontal


    Roller
    Fixed End Restraints (Ꝋ=0 and ∆H=0)
    Rotational, Horizontal, and
    Vertical Restraints (Ꝋ=0, Free end
    ∆H=0, and ∆V=0)
    Problem 4
    Determine the reactions and draw the shear and bending moment
    diagrams for the frame shown using force method.
    Problem 5
    Determine the reactions and draw the shear and bending moment
    diagrams for the frame shown using force method.
    B.2.3. The Force Method:
    Truss Deflection
    Case II: Internally Indeterminate
    Case I: Externally Indeterminate Truss Truss

    Case III: Externally and Internally


    Indeterminate Truss
    Procedures for Analysis
    1. Determinacy (M+R = 2J)
    2. Select redundant support and remove corresponding restraint (Basic
    Determinate Truss)
    3. Draw basic determinate truss under:
    A. Real loadings (Basis for Positive Deformation)
    B. Individual Redundant
    4. Construct Conditions of Geometry Equations (Number of redundants =
    Number of Geometry Equations)
    5. Solve for the unknown deformations in the Condition of geometry
    equation. (Virtual Work Method)
    6. Solve for the unknown redundant using the values of the deformation
    7. Solve for the remaining support reactions and other requirements
    Existing Support Remove Restraint Resulting Support

    Roller Vertical Restraint (∆V=0) Free end

    Roller
    Vertical Restraint (∆V=0)
    Hinge
    Roller
    Horizontal Restraint (∆H=0)

    Hinge
    Rotational Restraint (Ꝋ=0)

    Rotational and Horizontal


    Roller
    Fixed End Restraints (Ꝋ=0 and ∆H=0)
    Rotational, Horizontal, and
    Vertical Restraints (Ꝋ=0, Free end
    ∆H=0, and ∆V=0)
    Problem 6
    Determine the reactions and the force in each member of the truss
    shown using force method.
    Problem 7
    Determine the reactions and the force in each member of the truss
    shown using force method.
    Problem 3
    Determine the reactions and the force in each member of the truss
    shown using force method.
    References
    1. Understanding Structural Analysis (Philippine
    Edition) by Aslam Kassimali (2011)
    2. Structural Analysis by Hibbeler, R. (2012)
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