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    Steam Surface Condenser Question & Answers

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    Steam Surface Condenser Question & Answers

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    Steam Surface Condenser Question & Answers

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    Hahajjh

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Steam Surface Condenser Question & Answers

    SURFACE CONDENSER OPERATION


    STEAM SURFACE CONDENSER AIR REMOVAL
    The two main devices that are used to vent the noncondensable gases are Steam Jet Air Ejectors and Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps.
    Steam Jet Air Ejectors use high-pressure motive steam to evacuate the noncondensables from the condenser (Jet Pump). Liquid
    Ring Vacuum Pumps use a liquid compressant to compress the evacuated noncondensables and then discharges them to the
    atmosphere. To aid in the removal of the noncondensable gases, condensers are equipped with an Air-Cooler section. The Air Cooler
    section of the condenser consists of a quantity of tubes that are baffled to collect the noncondensables. Cooling of the
    noncondensables reduces their volume and the required size of the air removal equipment. Air removal equipment must operate in
    two modes: hogging and holding. Prior to admitting exhaust steam to a condenser, all the noncondensables must be vented from the
    condenser. In hogging mode, large volumes of air are quickly removed from the condenser in order to reduce the condenser pressure
    from atmospheric to a predetermined level. Once the desired pressure is achieved, the air removal system can be operated in holding
    mode to remove all noncondensable gases.

    STEAM SURFACE CONDENSER CONFIGURATIONS


    Steam surface condensers can be broadly categorized by the orientation of the steam turbine exhaust to the condenser. Most
    common are side and down exhaust. In a side exhaust condenser, the condenser and turbine are installed adjacent to each other,
    and the steam from the turbine enters from the side of the condenser. In a down exhaust condenser, the steam from the turbine
    enters from the top of the condenser and the turbine is mounted on a foundation above the condenser. Condensers can be further
    delineated by the configuration of the shell and tube sides.
    Tubeside
    The tubeside of a steam surface condenser can be classified by the following:
    • Number of tubeside passes
    • Configuration of the tube bundle and waterboxes
    Most steam surface condensers have either one or multiple tubeside passes. The number of passes is defined as how many times
    circulating water travels the length of the condenser inside the tubes. Condensers with a once-through circulating water system are
    often one pass. Multiple pass condensers are typically used with closed-loop systems. The tubeside may also be classified as

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    divided or non-divided. In a divided condenser, the tube bundle and waterboxes are divided into sections. One or more sections of the
    tube bundle may be in operation while others are not. This allows maintenance of sections of the tubeside while the condenser is
    operating. In a non-divided tubeside, all the tubes are in operation at all times.
    Shell side
    The shell side of a steam surface condenser can be classified by its geometry. Examples of types are:
    • Cylindrical
    • Rectangular

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    What is a Steam Condenser?

    An appliance designed for removing the back pressure upon a Steam Turbine
    The Steam
    Engineer's... How is this accomplished?
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    Cooling the exhaust steam and converting it to water.
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    Why is reducing the back pressure so important on a steam turbine?

    To increase Steam Turbine efficiency and obtain better economy.

    Why is reducing the back pressure so important on a steam turbine?

    It increases turbine efficiency.

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    What is a vacuum?
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    Space devoid of matter, a space in which the pressure is zero absolute.

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    What auxiliary must be connected to a condenser to make it work?

    An air pump or air ejector.

    What creates the vacuum in the condenser?

    It should be understood, that the air ejector does not create the vacuum but it only maintains it.

    How is vacuum measured?


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