Project Report: Subject: Precision Engineering & Metereology

PROJECT REPORT
SUBJECT: PRECISION ENGINEERING & METEREOLOGY.
TOPIC: LASER MEASURING DEVICES
Submitted to: SIR AMMAR
Group members:
Talha Bin yaseen 15-ME-169

Momin Naeem 15-ME-167
LAB Report:-
Precision engineering and Meteorology:-
Topic: - LASER MEASURING DEVICES
Introduction:-
Our presentation focused on the concept and application of
using Lasers to measure distances. We discussed the Basic
principle of working of Laser devices, The differences
between Ultrasonic and Laser devices, the advantages of
laser over ultrasonic measuring devices, the advantages of
such devices over conventional tools and the financial
benefits of using such devices. Laser rangefinders are also
used in several industries like construction, renovation and
real estate as an alternative to a tape measure, and were
first introduced by Leica Geosystems in 1993 in France. To
measure a large object like a room with a tape measure,
one would need another person to hold the tape at the far
wall and a clear line straight across the room to stretch the tape. With a laser measuring tool,
the job can be completed by one operator with just a line of sight. Although the tape measure
is typically more accurate, laser measuring tools can be calibrated to be generally reliable when
taking several measurements. Laser measuring tools typically include the ability to produce
some simple calculations, such as the area or volume of a room, as well as switch between
imperial and metric units. These units can be found in a hardware stores and online
marketplaces.
WHAT IS LASER?
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the
stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term "laser" originated as an acronym
for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation”. The first laser was built in 1960 by
Theodore H. Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories, based on theoretical work by Charles
Hard Townes and Arthur Leonard Schawlow.
A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light coherently, spatially and
temporally. Spatial coherence allows a laser to be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications
such as laser cutting and lithography. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to stay narrow
over great distances (collimation), enabling applications such as laser pointers. Lasers can also
have high temporal coherence, which allows them to emit light with a very narrow spectrum,
i.e., they can emit a single color of light. Temporal coherence can be used to produce pulses of
light as short as a femtosecond.
Among their many applications, lasers are used in optical disk drives, laser printers, and
barcode scanners; DNA sequencing instruments, fiber-optic and free-space optical
communication; laser surgery and skin treatments; cutting and welding materials; military and
law enforcement devices for marking targets and measuring range and speed; and laser lighting
displays in entertainment.
How does a Laser Measuring Device work?

A Laser Distance Meter sends out a finely focused pulse of light to the target and detects the
reflection. The meter measures the time between those two events, and converts this to a
distance. The formula is simple: Distance = 1/2 (Speed x Time).
Precision of the device:-

The precision of the instrument is determined by the rise or fall time of the laser pulse and the
speed of the receiver. One that uses very sharp laser pulses and has a very fast detector can
range an object to within a few millimeters.
Calculations:-
The distance between point A and B is given by, where c is the speed of light in the
atmosphere and t is the amount of time for the round-trip between A and B.
where φ is the phase delay made by the light traveling and ω is the angular frequency
of optical wave.
Then substituting the values in the equation,
n this equation, λ is the wavelength c/f; Δφ is the part of the phase delay that does not
fulfill π (that is, φ modulo π); N is the integer number of wave half-cycles of the round-
trip and ΔN the remaining fractional part.
How does an ultrasonic measuring device work ?

• An Ultrasonic Distance Meter works on a similar principle, but instead of light it uses
sound with a pitch too high for the human ear to hear. The measurement is easier, but
there are other issues. Ultrasonic devices offer many of the same features as LASERS
but are less accurate .
Some features of lasers.

• Accuracy: ± 0.06-in (1.5mm)
• Range: 4In to 196-ft (0.1m - 60m)
• Automatically calculates Area and Volume
• Indirect measurement using Pythagorean formula
• Continuous measurement with min/max distance tracking & update 3 data per second
• Storage of the last 20 historical data
• Handy size and weighs only 85g
Benefits of Lasers over other measuring Tools.
• It is fast.
• Accurate and where as quick and efficient also.
• Easy to measure& operate.
• Just point and shoot.
Ultrasonic VS LASER Light

Laser beams travel at the speed of light, and are much faster and not influenced by air
temperature and density as sound is. Laser also maintains its visible pencil sized beam over a
long distance whereas ultrasonic units spread into a large invisible cone over distance so that
you are unable to see exactly the spot which you are measuring.
Financial benefits of LASER LIGHTS :-

Example: in traditional way, it requires at least 2 persons 8 hours to measure an floor cover of
an office building. By using the S2, it will measure at least four times faster, and it will save 14
hours and the cost of one person for the work. If the wage of one person is $25.00 per hour,
the total savings will be 14 hours x $25.00 = $350.00. That is your payback.
Conclusion:-
With this presentation we have pointed out the visible difference between LASERS and other
conventional measuring devices. The evidence suggests that lasers are a better investment in
terms of measuring devices.

Project Report: Subject: Precision Engineering & Metereology

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Project Report: Subject: Precision Engineering & Metereology

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PROJECT REPORT

SUBJECT: PRECISION ENGINEERING & METEREOLOGY.

TOPIC: LASER MEASURING DEVICES

Submitted to: SIR AMMAR

Talha Bin yaseen 15-ME-169

How does a Laser Measuring Device work?

Precision of the device:-

How does an ultrasonic measuring device work ?

Some features of lasers.

• Automatically calculates Area and Volume

• Indirect measurement using Pythagorean formula

• Storage of the last 20 historical data

• Handy size and weighs only 85g

Benefits of Lasers over other measuring Tools.

• Accurate and where as quick and efficient also.

• Easy to measure& operate.

• Just point and shoot.

Ultrasonic VS LASER Light

Financial benefits of LASER LIGHTS :-

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