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    Strength of Materials: Van M. Pastor, Ce, RMP, Me-1

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    CypresDelaCruzSalvador
    This document discusses various types of stresses and strains that can occur in structural materials, including: - Normal stress, shearing stress, and bearing stress caused by different types of applied forces. - Axial stress and strain from tensile or compressive loads, and the relationship between stress, strain, and modulus of elasticity. - Shearing deformation and stresses from applied shearing forces. - Torsional shear stresses and strains in circular shafts subjected to twisting moments. - Stress formulas for thin-walled pressure vessels, cylindrical and spherical shells, beams in flexure and shear, and shear connectors in built-up members.

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    Strength of Materials: Van M. Pastor, Ce, RMP, Me-1

    Uploaded by

    CypresDelaCruzSalvador
    42 views2 pages
    This document discusses various types of stresses and strains that can occur in structural materials, including: - Normal stress, shearing stress, and bearing stress caused by different types of applied forces. - Axial stress and strain from tensile or compressive loads, and the relationship between stress, strain, and modulus of elasticity. - Shearing deformation and stresses from applied shearing forces. - Torsional shear stresses and strains in circular shafts subjected to twisting moments. - Stress formulas for thin-walled pressure vessels, cylindrical and spherical shells, beams in flexure and shear, and shear connectors in built-up members.

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    This document discusses various types of stresses and strains that can occur in structural materials, including: - Normal stress, shearing stress, and bearing stress caused by different types of applied forces. - Axial stress and strain from tensile or compressive loads, and the relationship between stress, strain, and modulus of elasticity. - Shearing deformation and stresses from applied shearing forces. - Torsional shear stresses and strains in circular shafts subjected to twisting moments. - Stress formulas for thin-walled pressure vessels, cylindrical and spherical shells, beams in flexure and shear, and shear connectors in built-up members.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    42 views2 pages

    Strength of Materials: Van M. Pastor, Ce, RMP, Me-1

    Uploaded by

    CypresDelaCruzSalvador
    This document discusses various types of stresses and strains that can occur in structural materials, including: - Normal stress, shearing stress, and bearing stress caused by different types of applied forces. - Axial stress and strain from tensile or compressive loads, and the relationship between stress, strain, and modulus of elasticity. - Shearing deformation and stresses from applied shearing forces. - Torsional shear stresses and strains in circular shafts subjected to twisting moments. - Stress formulas for thin-walled pressure vessels, cylindrical and spherical shells, beams in flexure and shear, and shear connectors in built-up members.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Strength of Materials

    VAN M. PASTOR, CE, RMP, ME-1

    STRESS is the strength of a material per unit area or unit SHEARING DEFORMATION
    strength Shearing forces cause shearing deformation.
    An element subject to shear does not change in
    Normal Stress Shearing Stress Bearing Stress length but undergoes a change in shape.
    P V Pb
    𝛔= A τ = Av 𝛔b = Ab Shear Stress Simple Shear Strain Modulus of Rigidity

    V δs τ
    P = normal load applied to area A τ = Av 𝜸 = G=
    V = resultant shearing force which passes through L 𝜸
    the centroid of the area Av being sheared
    Pb = internal force which causes the pressure acting
    on the contact area Ab TORSION

    AXIAL STRESS AND STRAIN Torsional Shear Stress Torsional Shear Strain

    Simple Strain also known as a unit deformation, is the ratio Tr rθ


    of the change in length caused by an applied
    τ= 𝐽
    𝜸 = L
    force, to the original length
    Angle of Twist
    Axial Stress Axial Strain Modulus of Elasticity
    TL
    P δ σ θ= 𝐽G
    𝛔= 𝜺 = E=
    A L 𝜺
    T = twisting moment, N•mm
    r = distance from the center of the shaft, mm
    AXIAL DEFORMATION J = polar moment of inertia, mm4
    L = length of bar, mm
    PL σL G = shear modulus, MPa
    δ = AE = E
    Polar Moment of Inertia, J
    δ = elongation or deformation, mm Solid Cylindrical Shaft Hollow Cylindrical Shaft
    P = force applied, N
    L = original length, mm 𝜋 𝜋
    A = area where the load is applied, mm2
    J = 32 D 4 J = 32 (D4− d4 )
    E = modulus of elasticity, MPa

    THIN-WALLED PRESSURE VESSELS HELICAL SPRINGS


    A tank or pipe carrying a fluid or gas under a
    pressure is subjected to tensile forces, which resist Maximum Shearing Stress Deflection of the Spring
    bursting, developed across longitudinal and 16𝑃𝑅 𝑑 64𝑃𝑅 3 𝑛
    transverse sections. Ss = 𝜋𝑑 3 (1 + 4𝑅 ) δ= 𝐺𝑑 4

    Cylindrical Vessel P = load on spring


    Tangential Stress Longitudinal Stress R = mean radius of spring
    d = diameter of wire
    pD pD
    n = number of turns
    ST = SL = G = modulus rigidity
    2𝑡 4𝑡

    A.M. Wahl Formula


    Spherical Pressure Vessel
    Wall Stress 16𝑃𝑅 4𝑚−1 0.615
    Ss = 𝜋𝑑 3 ( 4𝑚−4 + 𝑚
    )
    pD
    S= 4𝑡 m = spring index

    p = internal pressure – external pressure


    FLEXURE FORMULA

    Mc
    fb =
    I

    fb = flexural stress or bending stress


    M = bending moment at section
    c = distance from NA to the point where fb is
    being computed. For max fb, c is the distance
    from NA to extreme fiber of the section
    I = moment of inertia of section

    SHEARING STRESS FORMULA

    V VQ
    fv = A′y′ =
    Ib Ib

    fv = shearing stress
    V = shear force at section
    I = moment of inertia of the gross section
    b = width of the beam at the level the shearing
    stress is desired
    A’ = partial area of the cross section above (or
    below) a line drawn through the point at
    which the shearing stress is desired
    Q = A’y’ is the static moment about the NA of the
    area A’

    SHEARING CONNECTORS IN BUILT-UP MEMBERS

    RI
    s=
    VQ

    s = pitch of shear connector in built-up beams


    R = resistance of shear connector in the pitch
    length s
    I = moment of inertia of the gross section
    V = shear force at section
    Q = moment of area about the NA of the
    elements whose sliding is resisted by shear
    connectors

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