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    What Is Agriculture?

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    Emil Buan
    1. Horticulture is defined as the science and art of cultivating plants for food, medicinal purposes, and aesthetic gratification. 2. It involves the intensive cultivation of high-value crops like vegetables, fruits, nuts, flowers, and ornamental plants. 3. The main branches of horticulture are olericulture (vegetable production), pomology (fruit production), floriculture (flowers and ornamentals), plant propagation, and landscape horticulture.

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    What Is Agriculture?

    Uploaded by

    Emil Buan
    63 views3 pages
    1. Horticulture is defined as the science and art of cultivating plants for food, medicinal purposes, and aesthetic gratification. 2. It involves the intensive cultivation of high-value crops like vegetables, fruits, nuts, flowers, and ornamental plants. 3. The main branches of horticulture are olericulture (vegetable production), pomology (fruit production), floriculture (flowers and ornamentals), plant propagation, and landscape horticulture.

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    1. Horticulture is defined as the science and art of cultivating plants for food, medicinal purposes, and aesthetic gratification. 2. It involves the intensive cultivation of high-value crops like vegetables, fruits, nuts, flowers, and ornamental plants. 3. The main branches of horticulture are olericulture (vegetable production), pomology (fruit production), floriculture (flowers and ornamentals), plant propagation, and landscape horticulture.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    63 views3 pages

    What Is Agriculture?

    Uploaded by

    Emil Buan
    1. Horticulture is defined as the science and art of cultivating plants for food, medicinal purposes, and aesthetic gratification. 2. It involves the intensive cultivation of high-value crops like vegetables, fruits, nuts, flowers, and ornamental plants. 3. The main branches of horticulture are olericulture (vegetable production), pomology (fruit production), floriculture (flowers and ornamentals), plant propagation, and landscape horticulture.

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    What is Agriculture?

    The term horticulture is derived from the Latin words hortus, meaning garden,
    and cultura, meaning cultivation (The New Webster's Dictionary of the English
    Language, international edition, 2004. Lexicon Publications, Inc. p.468).

    According to Janick (1972), horticulture in its present concept is that part of plant
    agriculture concerned with so-called “garden crops” as contrasted with agronomy (field
    crops, mainly grains and forages) and forestry (forest trees and products). He gave the
    following definition of horticulture: it isthe branch of agriculture concerned with
    intensively cultured plants directly used by man for food, for medicinal purposes, or for
    esthetic gratification.

    According to Louisiana State University (2011), horticulture is the science and art
    involved in the cultivation, propagation, processing and marketing of ornamental plants,
    flowers, turf, vegetables, fruits, and nuts. It is unique among plant sciences because it
    not only involves science and technology, but it also incorporates art and principles of
    design.

    According to University of Minnesota (2011), horticulture is the art and science of plant
    production for both beauty and utility... Rather than staple crops, horticulture focuses on
    value-added, luxury crops.

    From these definitions the following conclusions can be made to give a general idea on
    what is horticulture:

    1. Horticulture is a branch of plant agriculture and is both a science and an art. As an


    art, it incorporates the principles of design (as in landscaping).

    2. Horticulture deals with intensively cultured and high-value crops.


    3. Horticultural crops include the vegetables, fruits, and nuts which are directly used by
    man for food, the flowers and other ornamental plants for aesthetic uses or visual
    enjoyment, and those used for medicinal purposes.

    The Main Branches of Horticulture


    Plus other Descriptors

    Based on crop grouping and plant use, the main divisions or branches of horticulture
    are:

    1. Olericulture - the production of vegetables including storage, processing, and


    marketing. Vegetable crops are grown for their succulent and edible parts such as the
    roots, stems, leaves, young tops, flowers, fruits, or seeds for use in culinary
    preparations either fresh or preserved in the fresh state.

    2. Pomology - the branch of horticulture which deals with fruit crop production. Fruit
    crops are grown for their edible fruits which, as a rule, are consumed raw.

    3. Floriculture - the cultivation and management of cut flowers, flowering plants, and
    foliage plants (Louisiana State University 2011) including their use in ornamental
    construct such as flower arrangement (ISHS 2011). A term that is used interchangeably
    with floriculture is ornamental horticulture.

    4. Plant Propagation / Nursery Crop Culture - the propagation and production of


    seedlings, young trees, shrubs and vines, as well as ground covers, turf, ornamental
    plants and other crops in nurseries for landscaping, interior plantscaping, or out
    planting.

    5. Landscape horticulture - the branch of horticulture which includes the design,


    construction and care of landscapes taking into consideration proper choice of plants
    and aesthetic effects for homes, businesses and public places.
    JANICK J. 1972. Horticultural Science. 2nd ed. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and
    Company. 586 p.

    JANICK J. 2002. Lecture 30: Origins of horticultural science. In: History of Horticulture.
    Purdue University. Retrieved Oct. 8, 2011 from
    http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/history/lecture30/lec30.html.

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