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    Surge Calculation 1 - 373505

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    J A S JAS
    The document summarizes the calculation of water hammer pressure surge loads if a pump drops offline. It outlines the methodology, inputs, assumptions, and calculations. The key results are: 1) The magnitude of pressure surge is estimated at 213523 Kg/m2. 2) The unbalanced load on the piping is 622420 Kg. 3) The duration of unbalanced loads ranges from 0.009 to 0.055 seconds on different pipe segments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Surge Calculation 1 - 373505

    Uploaded by

    J A S JAS
    1K views7 pages
    The document summarizes the calculation of water hammer pressure surge loads if a pump drops offline. It outlines the methodology, inputs, assumptions, and calculations. The key results are: 1) The magnitude of pressure surge is estimated at 213523 Kg/m2. 2) The unbalanced load on the piping is 622420 Kg. 3) The duration of unbalanced loads ranges from 0.009 to 0.055 seconds on different pipe segments.

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    Surge Calculation 1_373505.xls

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    The document summarizes the calculation of water hammer pressure surge loads if a pump drops offline. It outlines the methodology, inputs, assumptions, and calculations. The key results are: 1) The magnitude of pressure surge is estimated at 213523 Kg/m2. 2) The unbalanced load on the piping is 622420 Kg. 3) The duration of unbalanced loads ranges from 0.009 to 0.055 seconds on different pipe segments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    1K views7 pages

    Surge Calculation 1 - 373505

    Uploaded by

    J A S JAS
    The document summarizes the calculation of water hammer pressure surge loads if a pump drops offline. It outlines the methodology, inputs, assumptions, and calculations. The key results are: 1) The magnitude of pressure surge is estimated at 213523 Kg/m2. 2) The unbalanced load on the piping is 622420 Kg. 3) The duration of unbalanced loads ranges from 0.009 to 0.055 seconds on different pipe segments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    CALCULATION COVER SHEET

    CLIENT:- Litwin Italy LAST PAGE


    PAGE COUNT SUMMERY:
    PROJECT NAME:- SUMMERY
    PHOSPHORIC ACID PLANT TOTAL CALC. BODY PAGES: 4
    CALCULATION TTITLE:- TOTAL ATTACH PAGES: 1 7
    Determination of the magnitude of the water TOTAL PAGES: 7
    pressure surge load
    REF. CALCULATION NUMBER : LTW - 6210 - 0142 - P01

    PROJECT or W.O NO DISCIPLINE CODE SEQUENCE NO REV NO

    1000500 PI 0142_A P01

    REVIWER/CHECKER CONFIRMATION
    REV. PREPARER PRINTED REVISION REQUIRED
    REV. DATE PRINTED NAME
    NO. NAME AND SIGNATURE DESCRIPTION
    AND SIGNATURE
    YES NO
    S.H.D. S.K.
    FOR
    P01 09 / 03 / 2009
    INFORMATION
    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    1 CALCULATION OBJECTIVE 3

    2 REFERANCES 3

    2.1 REFERANCES 1 3

    3 INPUTS 3

    4 ASSUMPTIONS 3

    4.1 ASSUMPTIONS 1 3

    5 BASIS / METHODOLOGY 4

    6 CONFIRMATION REQUIRED 5

    6.1 1ST CONFIRMATION ITEM 5

    7 COMPUTER CODE IDENTIFICATION 5

    8 CALCULATION 5

    9 RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS 6

    Attachments Number of Pages Last page Number

    Attachments A 1 7

    Attachments B 0 0
    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    REF. CALCULATION NUMBER : LTW - 6210 - 0142 - P01
    PROJECT or W.O
    DISCIPLINE CODE SEQUENCE NO DATE PAGE NO
    NO
    1000500 PI 0142_A 09 / 03 / 2009

    1. CALCULATION OBJECTIVE :-

    Determination of the magnitude of the water hammer pressure surge, when the pump drops offline
    due to supply trip

    2. REFERENCES :-
    2.1 REFERENCES 1

    A) Version 5.00 CAESAR II Application guide


    B) Version 5.00 CAESAR II User guide
    C) Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (MD-502-6210-EG-PR-PID-0002-C01)
    D) Pump Data Sheet (MD-502-6210-ME-GEA-0008-0001-P02)
    E) Stress Critical Line List (RLT-1000500-LTW-PI-LST-0001 Dated 07 March 2009)

    3. INPUTS :-

    1) Design Flow rate of fluid


    Q DESIGN = 25000 m3 / Hr

    2) Bulk Modulus of fluid


    Ef= 22005 Kg / cm2 = 2.2E+08 Kg / m2

    3 Density of fluid
    ρ= 1000 Kg / m3

    3) Modulus of elasticity of the pipe material (FRP Pipe)


    E = 224974 Kg / cm2 = 2.2E+09 Kg / m2

    4) Diameter & thickness matrix for system


    D (NPS) = 80 56 48 40 32
    t (m) = 0.105 0.0417 0.0313 0.0266 0.0234

    5) The length of pipe between adjacent elbow-elbow pairs


    Elbow pairs A-B B-C C-D D-E E-F F-G
    L (m) 31.8 28.7 11.1 7.8 14.4 48

    4. ASSUMPTION :-
    4.1 ASSUMPTIONS 1 :- Not applicable
    REF. CALCULATION NUMBER : LTW - 6210 - 0142 - P01
    PROJECT or W.O
    DISCIPLINE CODE SEQUENCE NO DATE PAGE NO
    NO
    1000500 PI 0142_A 09 / 03 / 2009

    5. BASIS / METHODOLOGY :-
    Referring to "Dynamic Analysis of Water Hammer Loads" of Version 5.00 CAESAR II Application guide
    The magnitude of surge loads and its duration, when the pump drops offline due to supply trip shall be
    calculated by below methodology.

    The magnitude of pressure surge wave, when the pump drops offline due to supply trip can be
    estimated from
    Equation 1:-

    Where, dp = the pressure rise due to the pump’s “instantaneous” stopping


    ρ = Fluid density
    c = Speed of sound in the fluid
    dv = the change in velocity of the fluid

    The speed of sound in the fluid can be estimated from


    Equation 2:-

    Where, Ef = Bulk modulus of the fluid


    E = Modulus of elasticity of the pipe
    d = Pipe mean diameter
    t = Pipe wall thickness

    The unbalanced load on the piping system due to the time it takes the pressure wave to pass through
    successive elbow-elbow pairs, can be calculated from
    Equation 3:-

    Where, F unbalanced = The magnitude of this unbalanced load due to pressure surge

    The duration of the unbalanced load is found from


    Equation 4:-

    Where, t duration = The duration of unbalanced load


    L = The length of pipe between adjacent elbow-elbow pairs

    Slowing the mechanism that tends to reduce the flow rate can reduce the magnitude of the water
    hammer loads. In the case of valve closing, this means slowly closing the valve. In the case of a pump
    going off line, this means slowly removing power from the pump.
    Slowly in each of these instances can be estimated from
    Equation 5:-

    Where, T = Maximum Time of one wave cycle sec.

    If the pump or valve stops in a time shorter than T then the water hammer should be analyzed.
    REF. CALCULATION NUMBER : LTW - 6210 - 0142 - P01
    PROJECT or W.O
    DISCIPLINE CODE SEQUENCE NO DATE PAGE NO
    NO
    1000500 PI 0142_A 09 / 03 / 2009

    6. CONFIRMATION REQUIRED :-
    6.1 1ST CONFIRMATION ITEM :- Not applicable

    7. COMPUTER CODE IDENTIFICATION :- Not applicable

    8. CALCULATION :-

    Calculation of velocity of fluid


    V = Q DESIGN / Area of flow
    V = ( 25000 / 3600 ) / 2.915 = 2.383 m/sec

    The max change in velocity of the fluid ( dv ) = 2.383 m/sec

    The speed of sound in the fluid can be estimated from

    Equation 2:-

    From above equation results for calculation of speed of sound in fluid for various diameters
    & thickness are tabulated as follows

    D (NPS) = 80 56 48 40 32
    t (m) = 0.105 0.0417 0.0313 0.0266 0.0234
    C (m/sec) = 878.8 713.7 676.8 682.2 708.6
    From above table, maximum value of Speed of sound in the fluid 'C' is 879 m/sec

    The magnitude of pressure surge wave & the unbalanced load on the piping system,
    when the pump drops offline due to supply trip can be estimated from
    Equation 1:-

    dp = 1000 X 879 X 2.383 = 213523 Kg / m2

    Equation 3:-

    F unbalanced = 213523 x 2.915 = 622420 Kg

    The duration of the unbalanced load is found from


    Equation 4:-

    From above equation, the duration of the unbalanced load for different elbow-elbow pairs
    are tabulated as follows
    Elbow pairs = A-B B-C C-D D-E E-F F-G
    L (m) = 31.8 28.7 11.1 7.8 14.4 48
    t duration (sec)= 0.037 0.033 0.013 0.009 0.017 0.055
    REF. CALCULATION NUMBER : LTW - 6210 - 0142 - P01
    PROJECT or W.O
    DISCIPLINE CODE SEQUENCE NO DATE PAGE NO
    NO
    1000500 PI 0142_A 09 / 03 / 2009

    The smallest time that must be used to close a valve or to bring the pump flowrate to halt, such that
    water hammer type pressure pulses are not generated can be found from
    Equation 5:-

    L = Overall length of piping system

    T = ( 2 X 141.8 ) / 879 = 0.323 sec

    If the pump / valve stops in a time shorter than calculated T ( 0.323 sec ), then the
    water hammer loads become significant & need to be considered as occasional loads in the
    piping analysis.

    9. RESULT & CONCLUSION :-

    The magnitude of the water hammer pressure surge load acting on piping system & its duration
    on different elbow-elbow pairs / segments, when the pump drops offline due to supply trip has been
    summarized as below

    The magnitude of pressure surge wave 213523 Kg / m2


    The unbalanced load due to pressure surge on the piping system 622420 Kg
    The duration of the unbalanced load on different elbow-elbow pairs / segmenmts
    Elbow pairs = A-B B-C C-D D-E E-F F-G
    t duration (sec)= 0.037 0.033 0.013 0.009 0.017 0.055

    The smallest time that must be used to close a valve or to bring the pump flowrate to halt, such that
    water hammer type pressure pulses are not generated (Tmax) is 0.323 sec

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