Development of Smart Water Tank

Monitoring and
Water Pump Control System

AMIT KUMAR

Under the guidance of

Dr. Prasun Chowdhury

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

ST. THOMAS’ COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

November, 2018

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 Department of Electronics & Communication
Engineering

Vision
 To build a strong teaching and research environment to cater to the manpower needs in
Industrial and Academic domains of the rapidly growing Electronics and Communication
Engineering.

Mission
 To produce certified industry-ready professional in Electronics and Communication
Engineering, though innovative educational programs incorporating laboratory practices and
project-based teaching-learning processes, in a modern environment.
 To create knowledge base of advanced technologies through research in the area of Electronics
and
Communication, for competitive and sustainable development of the country.
 To groom the department as a learning centre to inculcate advancement of technology in
Electronics and Communication Engineering with social values and environmental awareness.

Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

Graduates of Electronics and Communication Engineering program shall

PEO1: Have design-skills and proficiency in core areas of Electronics & Communication
Engineering so that they are employed in the industries related to Electronics & Communication
Engineering field.

PEO2: Have in-depth knowledge in core and advanced areas of Electronics & Communication
Engineering so that they are prepared to take up higher studies.

PEO3: Have quality of leadership, values, and social commitment so that they can become
successful contributors in industry and/or entrepreneurship keeping in view of the global and
national status of technology.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

Engineering Graduates will be able to:

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems
.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics,
natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

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 3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate
consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of
the information to provide valid conclusions.

5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities
with an understanding of the limitations.

6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to
the professional engineering practice.

7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering

solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need
for sustainable development.

8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of the engineering practice.

9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader
in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.

10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the

engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive
clear instructions.

11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and
leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.

12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage
in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

Program Specific Outcome (PSOs)

After completion of program students would have:

 PSO 1. Professional skills: An ability to apply the knowledge in Electronics and

Communication Engineering in various areas, like Communications, Signal processing, VLSI
and Embedded Systems.

 PSO 2. Competency: An ability to qualify at the State, National and International level
competitive examinations for employment, higher studies and research.

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 Abstract
The drinking water crisis in Asia is reaching alarming proportions. It might very
soon attain the nature of global crisis. Hence, it is of utmost importance to preserve water
for human beings. In many houses there is unnecessary wastage of water due to overflow
in overhead tanks.
That is why, we have built a Smart Water Tank Monitoring & Pump controlling
System to measure the water level by using ultrasonic sensors. This concept is used in
our project where the water motor pump is automatically turned off when water level in
the tank touches the desired level. The water pump can control by an application
(developed using blynk) from smartphone using Internet of thing (IoT) technology,
which gives the update of the present water level and the daily usage of water. Moreover,
this system gives full freedom to the user to control the water pump manually or
automatically based on their need.

Project Outcome

After successful completion of this project we would be able to

1. Understand the working principle of ultrasonic sensor module,
nodeMCU, electric pump, relay etc.
2. Understand Internet of Thing (IoT) technology and its application.
3. Conduct investigation and Analyze the ever-growing environmental
problem related to wastage of water.
4. Apply engineering knowledge and solve them.
5. Develop system using IoT technology in an embedded system.
6. Be confident in participating into team projects including design and
optimization.

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 Project Outcome versus Program Outcomes (POs) Matrix:

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
Outcome 1 3 2 3 1 3 - - - 2 - 3 3 3 2
Outcome 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 - - 2 - 2 3 3 3
Outcome 3 - - 2 3 - 3 3 3 3 3 2 - - 3
Outcome 4 3 - 3 2 3 3 3 3 - - 3 3 3 3
Outcome 5 3 - 3 3 3 - - - 3 - - 3 3 3
Outcome 6 - - - - - 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 - 2

Project PO 3 2.5 2.8 2.2 3 2.75 2.66 3 2.6 3 2.6 3 3 2.66

3: Strongly Related 2: Moderately Related 1: Least Related

Justifications:
 PO1: In this project we need knowledge of mathematics, engineering fundamentals
like controlling ultrasonic sensor, water pump, application development etc. Here
in this project we tried to solve the problem of water wastage due to water tank
overflow.
 PO2: To develop the project, we identified the main reason problem of water
overflowing from the water tank and tried to solve it with engineering knowledge,
mathematics and natural science.
 PO3: In this project we designed circuit and application that meet the specified needs
with appropriate consideration for the societal, and environmental considerations like
decreasing the water wastage amount.
 PO4: In this project we first conducted investigations for this ever growing water
wastage problem, find out the core reason of water wastage from water tank.
 PO5: Keep in mind about the modern technology we make this project IOT based
which can be operated using mobile application from smart phone wirelessly.
 PO6: In this project we tried to make a better society using engineering knowledge
by decreasing the water wastage level from water tank.
 PO7: As water wastage is a curse to the environment we tried to solve it using
engineering knowledge.
 PO8: As overflowing water from water tank and wasting is not ethically correct, in
this project we tried to solve it.
 PO9: In this project we are 4 members worked together as a team to solve the ever
growing water wastage problem.
 PO10: While developing the project we went through some research paper as well
as attended seminars and also demonstrate our project others we developed our
communication skills.
 PO11: During the project we met several problems which we all together solved as
a team with the help of our mentor.
 PO12: During developing the project, we learnt about IOT, APP development
which will help us in long run.
 PSO1: During development this project we learnt to apply the knowledge in
Electronics and Communication Engineering in various areas, like Communications, IOT,
embedded system design etc.
 PSO2: This project tried to solve an ever growing problem using modern
technology so it is able to qualify at the state, national and international level
competitive exams as well as higher studies and research.

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 Certificate

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

St. Thomas’ College of Engineering and Technology

This is to certify that the project entitled “Development of Smart Water Tank
Monitoring and Water Pump Control System”, has been carried out by

KINJAL CHOWDHURY (Exam Roll No.12200315028),

AMIT KUMAR (Exam Roll No.12200315004),
KUMAR AASHIRVAD (Exam Roll No.12200315029),
ANKIT SHAW (Exam Roll No.12200315007),

under my guidance during the year July, 2018 to Dec, 2018.

……………………………………………….
Dr. Prasun Chowdhury
(Project guide)

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 Contents

Chapter No. Chapter Name Page Number

1. Introduction 8

2. Background of the project 8

3. Details of the Project 9

Project Management and 14

4. Finance

5. Status of the Project 15

6. Conclusion 15

Reference

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 Introduction
The total amount of water available on Earth has been estimated at 1.4 billion cubic kilometers, enough
to cover the planet with a layer of about 3 km. About 95% of the Earth's water is in the oceans, which
is unfit for human consumption. About 4% is locked in the polar ice caps, and the rest 1% constitutes
all fresh water found in rivers, streams and lakes which is suitable for our consumption. A study
estimated that a person in India consumes on an average of 140 liters per day. This consumption would
rise by 40% by the year 2025. This signifies the need to preserve our fresh water resources [2].
In everyday life, there must be some physical elements that need to be controlled in order for them
to perform their expected behaviors. A control system therefore can be defined as a device, or set of
devices, that manages, commands, directs or regulates the behavior of other device(s) or system(s).
Consequently, automatic controlling involves designing a control system to function with minimal or
no human interference. Today there search, designs, building of new smart technology used in different
domestic, commercial, industrial sectors are developing the applications of smart monitoring day by
day. A smart monitoring and control, in general an electro- mechanical & computer programming using
power and control machinery device that can perform takes automatically depending on sensors. This
project is designed to build to measure a water level in a tank, and controlling the water pump by
without human interfacing. A Node MCU is used to achieve the desired operation. Ultrasonic sensor is
used to detect the level of water and sends a command to the Node MCU. A mobile application is
developed for starting or stop the water pump and also it will give information about the tank health as
well as daily usage of water. Moreover, this system gives full freedom to the user to control the water
pump manually or automatically based on their need.

Background of the project

In John R. Dela Cruz, Renann G. Baldovino, Francisco B. Culibrina, Argel A. Bandala, Elmer P.
Dadios ” Fuzzy-based Decision Support System for Smart Farm Water Tank Monitoring and Control”
2017 Fifth International Conference on Information and Communication Technology
(ICoICT)[1] They tried to make a automated irrigation system in farm by monitoring the water tank.
The control unit of the water pump is onsite and wired. Here in our project we made it wireless using
IoT technology, so it can be controlled using smart phone application over internet.

In Beza Negash Getu, Hussain A. Attia “Automatic Water Level Sensor and Controller System” 2016
5th International Conference on Electronic Devices, Systems and Applications (ICEDSA) [2]
They controlled the pump over wire checking the water level and turning the water pump on and off
accordingly. The main disadvantage of this project is if a time come when water is not needed it will
still turn on the pump after it reached at low level which is not required. In our project we are giving
the user full freedom to control the water pump manually or automatically. Here we are also giving the
information of the water usage, health of water tank etc to the user.

In Mohd Adli Ikram Shahrulakra, Juliana Joharj “Water Storage Monitoring System with pH Sensor
for Pharmaceutical Plants” 2016 6th International Conference on System Engineering and
Technology (ICSET) [3] They checked the pH of the water and controlled the water level in the water
tank. They are checking the health of the water and controlling the pump according to the desirable pH
of the water. In our project we checking the health of the water tank and giving the details report in the
mobile application. We can also control the pump using our application using IoT technology.

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 Details of the Project

BASIC CONCEPT:

The technique of water level monitoring and controlling system concentrated with some basic parts
which are softly aggregated together in our proposed method. Basic descriptions of some parts are
described below.

A. Water Level Indicator

For water level indication unit, we can use mobile display or relay which will work for water level
indication. By sensing water levels through water level sensor, the app should be display as on/off (i.e.
on: yes, sensor senses water).

B. Water Level Sensor

To make special water level sensor we would like to introduce some convenient materials such as Iron
rod, nozzles, resistance, rubber etc or we use sensor here we use ultrasonic sensor to detect the level of
water.

C. Water Pump Controlling System

We can control the water pump by connecting it with an output pin of microcontroller via a motor
driver circuit. When microcontroller sends a positive signal (+5v) or a ground signal (0v) to the
motor driver circuit, then the water pump become on or off respectively. We also would like to use a
manual switch on the motor driver circuit which is supposed to use for controlling it manually. It makes
this system more users friendly.

D. Microcontroller
Microcontroller is a computer on a chip that is programmed to perform almost any control, sequencing,
monitoring and display the function. Because of its relatively low cost, it becomes the natural choice
to the designer. Microcontroller is designed to be all of that in one. Its great advantage is no other
external components are needed for its application because all necessary peripherals are already built
into it. Thus, we can save the time, space and cost which is needed to construct low cost devices.

E. Others
To control some high power devices such as lights, heaters, solenoids and motor with a microcontroller
we need interface devices between the microcontroller pins and the high power
devices. Mechanical relays sometimes called contactors are available to switch currents from mill
ampere to several thousands of amperes. In this system we should use a relay circuit with the water
pump to adapt with high voltage ac current. The output of relay circuit should be connected with
motor’s negative side of the cable. The positive side of the cable should be connected with 220v ac
current. So, we can use electromagnetic relay as an electrical amplifier.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM:

*USM—Ultra Sonic Module

Design & Operation:

The heart of our module is Node MCU is supplied by a 3.3-volt dc power supply. The microcontroller
ESP 2286 is programmed to control HCSR-04 (Ultrasonic module). As per program HCSR- 04 module
is connected to digital pin of Node MCU for trigger & ECHO & mobile app is working as display as
well as controller. The output is sensed by the Node MCU and depending on the programming statues
the specific digital data is sent to the relay module. Additionally, the buzzer is added to Node MCU if
in case any malfunction occurs. By condition of this sensor & program in Node MCU controls
transmitter signal and display. The MOBILE receiver received the signal and Node MCU drive the
relay to control the motor and the motor On/Off according to the set level of the water.

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FLOWCHART:

FOR AUTOMATIC MODE:

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FOR MANUAL MODE:

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COMPONENT LIST:

1. NODE MCU

NodeMCU is an open source IoT platform.It

includes firmware which runs on the ESP8266
Wi-Fi SoC from Espressif Systems, and
hardware which is based on the ESP-12 module.

2. ultrasonic sensor hc-sr04

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor uses sonar to

determine distance to an object like bats do. It
offers excellent non-contact range detection with
high accuracy and stable readings in an easy-to-
use package.

3. Relay
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many
relays use an electromagnet to mechanically
operate a switch, but other operating principles
are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays
are used where it is necessary to control a circuit
by a separate low-power signal, or where several
circuits must be controlled by one signal.

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 Project Management and Finance

DAY TO DAY WORK-

DATE WORK DONE

General discussion

14/08/18 Understanding the working of various components

Designing basic block diagram

Building the algorithm

18/09/18 Submission of component list

Testing the available components

09/10/18 Start building the basic Circuit

Approximate Budget:

SERIAL NUMBER NAME OF COMPONENT PRICE (in Rs.)

1 NODEMCU 395

2 ULTRASONIC SENSOR 99
(HC-SR04)

3 ONE CHANNEL 12V 120

RELAY MODULE

4 ELECTRONIC WATER 900

PUMP(12V)

TOTAL 1514

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 Status of the Project

We have designed the algorithm and block diagram of the project. We have also
submitted the component list to the college and received most of the components.

As for now, we have started building the basic circuit.

We have also tested the various components provided to us to see whether they
are in the working condition or not.

CONCLUSION

The basics need of human being is water and it is one of the most important
necessary for all living beings. But unfortunately a huge amount of water is being
wasted by uncontrolled use and due to our negligence. Some other automated
water level monitoring system is also offered so far but most of the method has
some shortness in practice. We tried to overcome these problems and
implemented an efficient automated water level monitoring and controlling
system. Main intension of this Project work is to establish a flexible, economical
and easy configurable system which can solve water losing problems. In the near
future as home automation web based water level monitoring and control-ling
system can be designed, through which the system can be controlled from any
place via internet through mobile phone. This could have a substantial benefit
from this project work for efficient management of water.

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REFERENCES:
1. PAPER:
[1] John R. Dela Cruz, Renann G. Baldovino, Francisco B. Culibrina, Argel A. Bandala, Elmer
P. Dadios ” Fuzzy-based Decision Support System for Smart Farm Water Tank Monitoring and
Control” 2017 Fifth International Conference on Information and Communication
Technology (ICoICT)
[2] Beza Negash Getu, Hussain A. Attia “Automatic Water Level Sensor and Controller
System” 2016 5th International Conference on Electronic Devices, Systems and
Applications (ICEDSA)
[3] Mohd Adli Ikram Shahrulakra, Juliana Joharj “Water Storage Monitoring System with pH
Sensor for Pharmaceutical Plants” 2016 6th International Conference on System
Engineering and Technology (ICSET)

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