Health TG GR 9 English New

Teacher's Guide – Grade 09 Health & Physical Education
Health and Physical Education

Teachers’ Guide
Grade Nine
2018
(implemented from 2018)
Health & Physical Education Unit

Department of Science
Faculty of Science and Technology
National Institute of Education
Sri Lanka
Web: www.nie.lk
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Health and Physical Education

Teacher’s Guide
Grade 9– 2018
First Print - 2018
ISBN
Health and Physical Education Unit

Department of Science
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Message from the Director General …
With the primary objective of realizing the National Educational Goals recommended by the
National Education Commission, the then prevalent content based curriculum was modernized,
and the first phase of the new competency based curriculum was introduced to the eight year
curriculum cycle of the primary and secondary education in Sri Lanka in the year 2007 .
The second phase of the curriculum cycle thus initiated was introduced to the education system
in the year 2015 as a result of a curriculum rationalization process based on research findings
and various proposals made by stake holders.
Within this rationalization process the concepts of vertical and horizontal integration have been
employed in order to build up competencies of students, from foundation level to higher levels,
and to avoid repetition of subject content in various subjects respectively and furthermore, to
develop a curriculum that is implementable and student friendly.
The new Teachers’ Guides have been introduced with the aim of providing the teachers with
necessary guidance for planning lessons, engaging students effectively in the learning teaching
process, and to make Teachers’ Guides will help teachers to be more effective within the
classroom. Further, the present Teachers’ Guides have given the necessary freedom for the
teachers to select quality inputs and activities in order to improve student competencies. Since
the Teachers’ Guides do not place greater emphasis on the subject content prescribed for the
relevant grades, it is very much necessary to use these guides along with the text books
compiled by the Educational Publications Department if, Guides are to be made more effective.
The primary objective of this rationalized new curriculum, the new Teachers’ Guides, and the
new prescribed texts is to transform the student population into a human resource replete with
the skills and competencies required for the world of work, through embarking upon a pattern of
education which is more student centered and activity based.
I wish to make use of this opportunity to thank and express my appreciation to the members of
the Council and the Academic Affairs Board of the NIE the resource persons who contributed to
the compiling of these Teachers’ Guides and other parties for their dedication in this matter.
Dr. (Mrs.) Jayanthi Gunasekara

Director General
Maharagama
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Message from the Deputy Director General
Education from the past has been constantly changing and forging forward. In recent years,
these changes have become quite rapid. The Past two decades have witnessed a high surge in
teaching methodologies as well as in the use of technological tools and in the field of knowledge
creation.
Accordingly, the National Institute of Education is in the process of taking appropriate and
timely steps with regard to the education reforms of 2015.
It is with immense pleasure that this Teachers’ Guide where the new curriculum has been
planned based on a thorough study of the changes that have taken place in the global context
adopted in terms of local needs based on a student-centered learning-teaching approach, is
presented to you teachers who serve as the pilots of the schools system.
An instructional manual of this nature is provided to you with the confidence that, you will be
able to make a greater contribution using this.
There is no doubt whatsoever that this Teachers’ Guide will provide substantial support in the
classroom teaching-learning process at the same time. Furthermore the teacher will have a better
control of the classroom with a constructive approach in selecting modern resource materials
and following the guide lines given in this book.
I trust that through the careful study of this Teachers Guide provided to you, you will act with
commitment in the generation of a greatly creative set of students capable of helping Sri Lanka
move socially as well as economically forward.
This Teachers’ Guide is the outcome of the expertise and unflagging commitment of a team of
subject teachers and academics in the field Education.
While expressing my sincere appreciation for this task performed for the development of the
education system, my heartfelt thanks go to all of you who contributed your knowledge and
skills in making this document such a landmark in the field.
M.F.S.P. Jayawardhana
Deputy Director General
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Guidance - Academic Affairs Board-National Institute ofEducation
Consultancy and supervision - Mr. M.F.S.P. Jayawardhana

Deputy Director General – National Institute of Education
Subject Leadership - Mr. Dhammika Kodituwakku - Unit Head

Senior Lecturer – Health & Physical Education Unit
Resource Persons
Dr. Mrs. A.Lokubalasooriya - C.C.P. - Family Health. Bureau
Ms.Renuka Peris - Director,Nutrition & Services,MOE
Mr. Rohana Karunaratna - Director (Ret), Sports & Physical Education, MOE
Mr. K.U.D. Danawardana - Vice President (Rtd), Pasdunrata , NCOE.
Mr. M.H.M.Milan - Asst. Director of Education (Rtd)
Mr.P.L.S Samson - ISA (Rtd)
Mr.Anura Abewikrama - Assit. Director ,MOE
Mr.A.G.L.Jayarathna - Lecturer, Nilvala, NCOE.
Mr. Mahesh Chandana Weerakoon- ISA, Zonal Education Office, Colombo South
Mr. S.N. Wijesinghe - ISA, Zonal Education Office, Dehiwala.
Mr.M.M.A.M.K.Munasinghe - Asst Teacher, St. Francis M.V.Kelaniya
Mrs. V.P.Weerakkody - Asst. Teacher, Dharmashoka V., Ambalangoda.
Mr. J. N. Prabhath Indika - Asst Teacher, Mahinda Rajapaksha Vidyalaya
Homagama.
Mr.Chamminda Kitsiri Liyange - Asst.Teacher,Sumana B.V. Rathnapura
Mrs.H.P.S.Gunawardana - Asst.Teacher,Sri Ratnapala Vidyalaya, Badulla
Mrs. A.A. Neluka Damayanthi - Asst. Teacher, Swarnapali Balika Vidyalaya,
Anuradhapura
Miss. A.G.A. Aluthgama - Asst. Teacher, Jaynthi Maha Vidyalaya, Padavisripura
Mr. K.W.D.A.S. Dharmasena - Asst. Teacher, Udawatta Mihidu Maha Viduhala
Eahaliyagoda
Mr. M.M.M. Niyas - Asst. Teacher, Zonal Education Office, Kuliyapitiya
South
Editing - Mr.Dammika Kodithuwakku - Unit Head

Senior Lecturer – National Institute of Education
Language Editing - Mrs. Shriyani Thelasinghe - ISA (R)

Miss. E.G.B. Bahgya - Nuasted B.V, Nigambo
Art - Janaka Samaradivakara - ADE- Galewela ZEO.
Cover and Type setting - Mrs. R. R. K. Pathirana - Technical Assitant-N.I.E
Supproting Staff - Mrs.Padma Weerawardana -N.I.E

- Mr.Mangala Welipitiya - N.I.E
- Mr.Ranjit Dayawansa - N.I.E
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Contents
Page
Message of the Director General iii
Message of the Deputy Director General iv
Message of the Commissioner General - Educational Publications Department
Syllabus Committee v
Instruction to use the Teachers' Guide vii
Syllabus \viii -xxiv
School Policy and Programme xxvi -xxx
Quality inputs xxxi -xxxii
General Instructions for planning the learning teaching process 1
First Term- competency, competency level and time period 2
Guidelines for first term 3-32
Second term competency, competency level and time period 33
Guidelines for the second term 34-61
Third Term- competency, competency level and time period 62
Guidelines for the third term 63-97
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Introduction
The subject Health and Physical Education anticipates the provision of experiences
necessary for children to lead a physically, mentally, socially and spiritually effective life
through the inculcation of good habits necessary for living. Broadly, the aim here is to produce
an active and healthy generation. The subject Health and Physical Education is implemented as
a compulsory subject for grades 6 – 9 and as a basket subject for Grades 10 and 11 to achieve
this goal.
A competency based syllabus was introduced in 2007 for this subject, that is as a part of
general education. The syllabus has been revised and introduced in a more developed form .
The revision of the syllabus implemented to date, is based on the information derived from
research as well as the information elicited through interviews with doctors, subject experts,
subject directors, in-service advisors, teachers and students.
According to this the 13 competencies introduced through the syllabus of 2007 have been
reduced to 10 competencies in the new syllabus. Similarly the removal of certain subject areas
as well as the introduction of new subject areas has been effected based on the experience and
knowledge acquired when considering the content related to each competency.In allocating
the periods allocated for them an effort was made to ensure that an equal number of periods
was provided for the two segments of Health and Physical Education. Further more periods
than were assigned for the subject in the previous syllabus have been provided in the present
syllabus with respect to each competency.
Therefore a learning teaching approach with focus on student centered activities for the
further development of competencies has been adopted in order to actualize the aims of the
syllabus. Similarly, the role of the teacher needs to be transformed to that of a resource person
under the transformation role.
The present syllabus as well as the Teachers" Guide will provide guidance to ahieve the
aims of the subject Health and Physical Education. By acting accordingly the opportunity and
the ability will be obtained to achieve the objectives. Finally it’s your responsibiity.
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0.1 National goals

1. Based on the concept of respecting human values and understanding the
differences in the Sri Lankan multi-cultural society, building up the nation and
confirming the identity of Sri Lanka by promoting national integrity, national
unity, national coherance and peace
2. While responding to the challenges of the dynamic world, identifying and
conserving the National heritage.
3. Creating an environment which comprises the conventions of social justice and
democratic life to promote respecti for human rights, being aware of one's and
concerned for each other.
4. Promoting a sustainable life style based on people’s mental and physical well being
and the concept of human values
5. Promoting the positive feelings needed for a balanced personality with creative
skills, initiative, critical thinking and sense of responsibility.
6. Through education, developing human resources, needed for the progress of the
well being of an individual, the nation as well as the economic growth of Sri
Lanka.
7. Preparing the people for the changes that occur in a rapidly changing world by
adapting to it and controlling them; developing abilities and potential of people to
face complex and unexpected occasions.
8. Sustaining the skills and attitudes based on justice, equality, mutual respect which
is essential to achieve a respectable place in the international community.
National Education Commission Report (2003).
0.2 Basic Competencies

The competencies promoted through the education mentioned below will help to
achieve the above mentioned National Goals.
(i.) Competencies in Communication

This first set of competencies is made up of four subsets - Literacy, Numeracy,
Graphics and information communication skills :
Literacy : Listening carefully, Speaking clearly, Reading for
comprehension, writing clearly and accurately.
Numeracy : Using numbers to count, calculate, code and to measure, matter,
space and time.
Graphics : Making sense of line and form, expressing and recording
essential data, instructions and ideas with line, form, colour,
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two and three-dimensional configurations, graphic symbols and

icons
ICT Competencies: Knowledge in the use of computers, and
the ability to use the information communication skills at
learning or work as well as in private life
(ii.) Competencies relating to Personality Development

- Generic skills such as creativity, divergent thinking, initiative, decision making,
problem-solving, critical and analytical thinking, team work, inter-personal
relationships, discovering and exploring
- Values such as integrity, tolerance and respect for human dignity.
- Cognition
(iii.) Competencies relating to the Environment.
This is the second set of competencies related to the Social, Biological and
Physical Environments.
Social Environment: Awareness, sensitivity and skills linked to being a
member of society, social relationships, personal conduct, general
and legal conventions, rights, responsibilities, duties and obligations.
Biological Environment: Awareness, sensitivity and skills linked to the
living world, man and the ecosystem, trees, forests, seas, water, air
and life - plant, animal and human life.
Physical Environment: Awareness, sensitivity and skills relating to space,
energy, fuel, matter, materials and their links with human living,
food, clothing, shelter, health, comfort, respiration, sleep,
relaxation, rest, waste and excretion, media of communication and
transport.
Included here are the skills in using tools to shape and materials for
living and learning.
(iv.) Competencies relating to Preparation for the world of work

Employment related skills to maximize one's potential and to
enhance capacity to contribute to economic development; to
discover vocational interests and aptitudes; to choose a job that suits
abilities and; to engage in a rewarding and sustainable livelihood
(v.) Competencies relating to religion and ethics

This fourth set of competencies is laden with values and attitudes. It
is essential for individuals to assimilate values, so that they may
function in a manner consistent with the ethical, moral and religious
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modes of conduct, rituals, practices in everyday living, selecting the

most appropriate.
(vi.) Competencies in Play and Use of Leisure

Competencies that link up with pleasure, joy, emotions and such
human motivations. These find expression in play, sports, athletics
and leisure pursuits of many types. These also link up with such
values as cooperation, team work, healthy competition in life and
work. Here are included such activities as are involved in aesthetics,
the arts, drama, literature, exploratory research and other creative
modes in human living
(vii.) Competencies relating to ‘Learning to learn’.

These competencies flow directly from the nature of a rapidly
changing, complex and interdependent and crowded world.
Whatever one learns, that learning will need updating and review.
This requires that one should be alert, sensitive and skilful in
sustained attention, and be willing to persevere and attend to details
that matter in a given situation.
Aims of Health and Physical Education .

The purpose of this subject is to pave the way for pupils to lead an active,
healthy and happy life by developing a set of competencies that integrate
relevant knowledge, attitudes, skills and mental and social abilities.
In this regard the pupils are provided direction in
• The study and protection of their body
• The aqcquisition of happiness and satisfaction
• Getting to know their needs
• Safegurading personal health
• Developing their looks
• Maintaining the emotional balance
• Working co operatively with peers
• Facing challenges encountered in life positively and successfully
• Achieving well being through respect for moral values
• Spending leisure effectively
• Making life effective and efficient.
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Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

(Periods)
1. contributes to 1. contributes to the ² Health promotion  Explains the concept of social 05
² Concept of Social health health promotion
the building building up of a promotion  Lists the health problems exist in
up of a Healthy Society ² Health problems in ones area your area
Healthy ² Air pollution  Describes the essential approaches
Society ² Water Pollution
for promoting health
² Land Pollution
 Explains the advantages of health
² Sound Pollution
promotion
² Communicable diseases
² Smoking , alcohol ,drugs,  Contributes to promote health in
accidents, delinquency abuse ones living area
and violence
² Ones contribution towards health
promotion in relevant area.
² Essential approaches to health
promotion
² Health policies
² Health friendly environment
² Skill development
² Community participation
² Re organization of services
² Advantages of health promotion
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(Periods)
2. Fulfils human 2'1 Builds up the ² Introduction of self actualization ² Explains self actualization. 02
needs for a ² Importance of self actualization  Expresses the importance of self
healthy life. personality for self
² Approaches of self actualization actualization.
actualization
Works toward with the aim of self
actualization.
3' Exhibits correct 3'1 Maintains correct  Factors/ conditions influencing on  Names the factors/conditions that 02
postures for postures by incorrect postures influence on incorrect postures.
  Congenital conditions  Describes incorrect postures
lead a healthy concerning about the
  Environmental conditions  Acts to Correct the incorrect
life incorrect postures.
  Chronic conditions postures
 Congenital and environmental  Directs others to gain correct
conditions postures
  Kyphosis
  Lordosis
  Scolisios
  Vertebral column abnormalities
  Flat back
  Bow legs
  knock knees
 Methods for correcting incorrect
postures
 Places and services available for
treatments
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(Periods)
4. Spends leisure 4'1 Classifies the ² Classification of organized sports ² Classifies organized sports 02
effectively by organized sports and ² Types of outdoor activities ² Classifies out door activities
engaging in outdoor activities. ² Necessity of organized sports and ² Explains the necessity of organized
sports and outdoor activities sports and outdoor activities.
outdoor ² Physical needs
activities. ² Mental needs
² Social needs
4'2 Applies knots and ² Knots ² Applies knots and lashing 03
lashing appropriate ² lashing appropriate to the situation
to the situation
when engaging in
out door activities.
4'3 Cooks meals outdoors ² Different types of ovens ² Involves correctly in attacking, 03
to use leisure ² Methods of outdoor Cooking defending and shooting.
effectively methods ² Satisfies by playing netball
according to rules and regulations.
4'4 Engages in volleyball ² Skills in volleyball ² Involves correctly in spiking and 03

² Spiking defending
using skills correctly
² Defending ² Satisfies by playing volleyball
² Rules and regulations
according to rules and regulations
² Engaging in volleyball
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(Periods)
4'5 Engages in netball ² Skills in netball ² Involves correctly in attacking, 03
² Attacking defending and shooting.
using skills correctly ²
² Defending Satisfies by playing netball
² Shooting according to rules and regulations.
² Rules and regulations
² Engaging in netball
4'6 Engages in Football ² Skills in volleyball ² Involves correctly in goal kiking and 03
² Spiking throwing.
using skills correctly ² Satisfies in playing football
² Defending
² Rules and regulations according rules and regulations.
² Engaging in volleyball
5' Utilises the 5'1 Engages in relay ² Relay running ² Describes the basic methods in baton 03
running using correct ² Basic methods of baton change change
specific abilities baton change ² According to the receiving ² Expresses the rules and regulations
developed side of the baton in baton change.
through ² Outside ² Engages in relay running using the
participation in ² Inside correct methods of baton change.
² Mixed
athletics for the ² According the method of giving
tasks of life the baton
² Over arm
² Under arm
² According to the way of looking
at the baton
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(Periods)
² Visual
² Non visual
² Methods of using basic skills in
various events
² Rules and regulation
5'2 Uses hang technique ² Horizontal jumps ² Describes the methods of horizontal
² Long jump jumps
correctly in the long ² Expresses the rules and
² Hang technique
jump. ² Rules and regulations regulations of long jump
² Engages in long jump using hang
technique correctly
5'3 Engages in the basic ² vertical Jumps ² Describes the methods of vertical 02
² High Jumps jumps
jumps of flop method.
² Flop method ² Expresses the rules and regulations
² Rules and Regulations of high jump.
² Engages in the activities of flop
method.
5'4 Throws correctly ² Throws ² Throws the shot being in the power 02
² Throwing being in power position positions.
using the power ² Throws the discuss being in power
² Shot
position ² Discus position
² Javelin ² Throws the javelin being in power
² Rules and regulations position.
² Expresses the rules and regulations
of throwing.
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(Periods)
6' Acts socially by 6'1 Conforms to the ethics ² Relationships between ethics and ² Explains the relationship between 02
conforming to and social values by rules and regulations of sports. rules, regulations and ethics of
the rules and following rules and ² Social values of rules, regulations sports'
ethics of sports regulations. and ethies of sports ² Expresses the social value of rules,
² With team members regulations and ethics of sports
² With opponents ² Exhibits the preparedness of
conforming to the rules regulations
² With officials and ethics of sports.
² As a spectator
7' Consumes 7'1 Consumes food ² Nutritional needs ² Gets rid of myths. 06
² Nutritional needs according to life ² Responds to various. advertisements
appropriate according to
cycle,
food for a nutritional needs on mass media after thinking
² Feminity and masculinity
² Infants logically.
healthy life
² Children ² Communicates favorable messages
² Adolescents related to nutrition.
² Elders ² Explains the differences of
² Aged nutritional needs according to the
² Nutritional differences due to special feminity and masculinity.
requirements ² Explains the nutritional differences
² Pregnant mothers due to special requirements.
² Lactating mothers ² Exhibits the readiness to consume
² Sportsmen the food upon the nutritional
² heavy workers requirements.
² patients
² vegetarians.
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(Periods)
² Myths and misconceptions related to
nutrition
² Provincial beliefs, habits and
attitudes
² Thinking logically about the
advertisements on various mass
media
² One's contribution in selecting
nutritious food.
² Communications of good messages
related to nutrition.
8' Conforms to an 8'1 Follows healthy habits ² Wonder of the parts of the body ² Explains the wonder of the relevant 03
efficient life related to external appearance to parts of the body related the
style while to maintain the ² Skin, hair, nails teeth, eyes , ears,
external appearance' external appearance.
maintaining the lips, fingers ,feet etc....
wonder of the ² Health habits that protect wonder ² Follows the health habits that protect
body. wonder.
² Gets rid of the behaviors that
obstructs the wonder of the body
related to external appearance.
9' Acts to maintain 9'1 Acts to develop health ² Health related fitness tests ² Introduces the health related fitness 06
the fitness for a ² Cardio vascular endurance tests
healthy life. related fitness factors,
while concerning ² 12 minutes continuous running ² Describes the steps that should be
² Muscular endurance taken to maintain health related
about them.
² Sit ups fitness in an optimum level.
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(Periods)
² Muscular strength
² Standing long jump
² Flexibility
² Flexibility tests(bending forward)
² Body composition
² Body Mass Index
² Steps should be taken to maintain the
health related fitness in the optimum
level.
9'2 Acts to develop the ² Mental finesses ² Takes action to develop the mental 03
psychosocial fitness ² Thinking abilities fitness
factors by ² Problem solving ² Helps others to develop the mental
concerning the ² Responsible decision making fitness.
² factors by stress reduction
relevant factors.
² Appreciative ability
² Activities to be applied to develop
mental fitness.
10' Leads a happy 10'1 Acts with a ² Human sexuality ² Explains the concept of human 03
life facing the responsibility on ² Responsible sexual behaviors sexuality
obstacles in day matters of sexuality ² Marriage ² Describes about the responsible
to day life and faces related ² Cultural and Social significance sexual behaviors
successfully challenges
² Legal importance ² Acts according to the gender
successfully
² Gender ² Describes the responsibility of the
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(Periods)
² Responsibility of a mother and father father and mother during pregnancy
during pregnancy and in bringing up and in bringing up children.
the children
. 10'2 Recognizes the ² Future social challenges ² Exhibits the preparation for facing 04
social challanges ² Food future social challenges.
and faces with ² Processed food
confidence. ² Junk Food
² Fast Food
² Diseases
² Communicable diseases
(including HIV/ AIDS)
² Non communicable diseases
² Weather
² Disasters
² Culture
² Modern Technology
² Conflicts
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SCHOOL POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES

The subject Health and Physical Education has been so planned as not to confine it purely to the
classroom. Numerous programmes have been suggested in order to make the actualization of the
expected competencies interesting, meaningful and effective. The following programmes that
call for child leadership and participation can be implemented in the school.
 Health Education Programmes
  Health Education programme I
   Inspection of personal hygiene. (Physical organs/ clothes/wearing)
   Healthy school environment (Physical/ social)
   Healthy Schoo Canteens
   Healthy food habits. (selection of food/ consumption habits)
   School health services (Clinics/Immunization programmes)
   Community health services (Prevention of epidemic diseases/
wholesome nourishment)
  Health Education Programme II
   Health promotion Programs
   Health Day
   Health Societies
   Health/Fitness inspections
  Health Education Programme III
   First aid services
   St John’s Ambulance Services
   'Soukyadhana' Services
   Red cross Society
  Physical Education Programme
• Health Education Programme I
• Physical fitness programmes (Education Circular 1995/18)
• Mach past training
• Display training
• Drill
• Gymnastics
• Aerobics
 Physical Education Programme II
 Physical /Fitness promotion programs
 Physical Education Day
 Sports societies
  Colours awarding/Tributes
  Physical Education Programme III
 School sports meets
  Athletics, Volleyball, Netball, Foot ball and compulsory sports
  Indoor games as well as non indoor games,
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  Physical Exercises
 Inter house Games
 Competitions Festivals
  Physical Education Programms IV
 Week end and Vacation programs
 Outdoor camps
 Mountain climbing
 Hikes
 Cycling tours
 Jungle craft
 Mariner’s compass and map related hikes
 Physical Education programma V

 Group activities
 Cadetting (Girls/ Boys)
 Scouting / (Girls/ Boys)
It is the responsibility of the teachers teaching physical education to decide on the level of
which the programmes above should be implemented according to the size and facilities
available in the school.
For the conveniences of implementation it would be meaning full to get the participation of the
other members of the staff and the student council, by including the slected programmes in the
annual plan of the school.It will be easy to make use of the resources of the school as well as the
guidance of the school Principal.
By implementing programmes according to a plan, it will be possible to involve students in

activities right through the year. According to this, the talented students can be identified and
involved in continuous developmental activities to the actualization of the final aims. Similarly,
students can be provided the opportunity to maintain their physical fitness and incase their
physical appeared by organizing inter hourse sports to ensure the participation of a majority of
students. As a result of all this, the future generation will be provided with the opportunity of
living in a healthy society.
In the implementation of the learning teaching process the teaching of the entire parts of the
subject content should be done by a teacher with both practical as well as theoretical
knowledge.
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Learning Teaching Methodology
In deciding on the teaching methodology relevant to this syllabus, attention should be paid to
the planning of learning- teaching activities that facilitate development of competencies in
students based on activities.
Learning is the implementation of permanent behavioral changes in an individual. Teaching is

the attempt made to bring about a permanent behavioral change in an in individual. Similarly,
the behavioral change brought about through learning can be through formal, non formal and
informal means, Accordingly the teacher in ones teaching task, should concentrate on formal
and non formal means.
In both the aspects learning and teaching described above the two main essential factors are
teaching strategies and teaching techniques you, who are teacher in the system would have
taught various subjects in various grades and have had various experiences but you would have
experienced that you had never all subjects in all grades in the same way. As such every teacher
would have some experience using different teaching methods.
Teaching techniques can be classified into several groups according to their usage. Methods of
teaching vary in terms of their being individual teaching methods, group teaching methods and
mass teaching methods. Out of these in the implementation of this syllabus lectures and
discussion, exhibitions, brain storming, group teaching, simulation, project method assignments,
role play, practical activities, various field trips, wall newspapers, explorations etc are learning
teaching methods that can be used.
Whatever the teaching methodology you use more effective results can be realized through the
incorporation and implementation of aspects of Engagement, Exploration, Exploration,
Elaboration, Assessment and Evaluation.
In teaching the practical and theoretical subject areas relived to this syllabus, it is necessary that
attention is paid to more appropriate methods for the purpose. Similarly in the selection of the
teaching methodology you use, attention needs to be paid to the nature of the lesson, aim of the
lesson, nature of the students, grade level, resources, environmental factors etc.
Similarly, in the use of learning teaching methodologies the transmission role and the
transaction role are still much in evidence. When considering the evidence, deterioration of
thinking, skills personal skills and social skills there is a need to emphasize that there should be
some development in the learning- teaching methodology used.
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In the implementation of this syllabus developed with a competency base, the teacher aspire to
the role of a resource person who intervenes to bring the student to accomplish is the
preparation of an environment replete with material necessary for learning as well as other
facilities, keeping close observation of how students learn, identification of student abilities
and inabilities, provision of necessary feedback and feed forward to ensure the progress of
student as well as carrying the learning teaching task beyond the classroom. The teacher’s role
incorporating the above is the transformation role of the teacher.
While it will be possible to achieve the aims expected through this syllabus by acting in
accordance with the above, it should also be kept in mind that this is your responsibility.
For Practical Activities in Physical Education
Several points to be kept in mind when studying this competency – based Teacher’s Handbook
provided to you by the National Institute of Education.Common activities with respect to each
lesson in physical education have not been introduced in order to provide opportunities for your
creative skills.In the learning –teaching process of physical Education there is a standard pattern
that should be followed are,
· Summoning students to the grounds
· Positioning students in class formation
· Health Inspection
· Warming up exercises
· Stretching exercises
(such, material is listed in this hand book for your convenience.)
· Now let us consider exercises
· Physical Fitness exercises
· Learning – teaching methodology
· Conducting a recreation game
· Cool down exercises
· Informing about future lessons
· Disperse
These patterns followed in practical activities different from the theoretical classroom
teaching only in that the practical part is left out.
You will be attended a time interval of 30-45 minutes in order to implement all this. In a
class the number of students may also vary. Nevertheless in the process of developing this
syllabus the following assumptions were made for the purpose of generalization
That in a class the normal period lasts 45 minutes
That the number of students in a class is 40
24
That in most schools, sports equipment are limited and that substitute equipment can be
used.
That our country does not enjoy, regular weather pattern
That the minimum number of periods implemented a term is 36
That this subject cannot be divided as ‘Health” and “Physical Education” and the both
those parts have to be taught by the same teacher.
That, at the rate of 3 periods a week, this subject is assigned over 90 periods a year. By Circular
No. 2006/9 you are assigned an extra period, should more periods than this be required,
additional periods can be used for this since it is possible to know the amount of time assigned
for each period at the beginning of the school term, it is necessary that you organize your
learning – teaching process accordingly, before the learning teaching activity you should
necessarily assemble the necessary material, All such marerials is listed in this teacher guide for
your convenience.
• Now let us consider how the learning – teaching process in implemented according to
the standard pattern
• Summoning students to the grounds
It is best that students go to the grounds in single file form the class
• Placing students according to a class pattern.
• Position the students according to pattern created by you. It is best that this pattern
is changed on different days.
• Inspection of students health
Inspection of student’s hair, teeth, and cloths while inquiring about their health
should be compulsorily done. While student who are not capable of getting
involved in practical activities should be located in suitable place they should be
made to participate as support resources or judges whenever possible.
• Warming up exercises
Although it is not possible to prescribe a fixed pattern to stretching exercises, it’s
possible to provide students with exercises for every part of the body. It is your
responsibility to select suitable stretching exercises and involve your students in
activities based on them
• Exercises for the development of physical fitness.
You can select physical fitness exercises as you wish. Here you should pay special
attention to the selection of exercises that suit the activities you propose to implement that
day.
• Conducting an recreation game.
• Every child exhibits a great desire to play competitive games for pleasure. Making use of
this mentality of children involve them in appropriate, recreation games so as to confirm
the activities taught day to today.
25
• Cool down exercises

Select several cooling down exercises, as suitable and implement them spend about one
minute on this.
• Announcing about future lessons
Make use of this opportunity it is necessary convey some information to the students
about the lesson to be implemented the next day.
• Dismissal
Implement a dismissal activity created by you and dismiss the class. In order to prevent
monotony utilize different methods of dismissal. It is essential that safety is ensured when
students are involved in practical activities
The subject content for certain activities have been provided as an annexed at the end of the
activity, for the use of the teacher. Where necessary get the students to note down important
points.
Quality Inputs
The Education of its children opens the path to the development of a country. As such a
classroom environment replete with various equipments is essential for active education, in
order, to produce an active student. Given below is a list of quality inputs necessary for Health
and Physical Education for Grade 6
It will be possible to obtain some of the permanent material here from other sections of the
school. Alternated material that can be used in place of permanent equipment can be identified
according to the activities involved. Never the less, if permanent equipment can be introduced to
the students, it would serve a most important purpose. Anyway it will be necessary for the
teacher to decide on the volume of equipment in term of the resources in the school, number of
students in classes and the methodology used by the teacher.
Computer
• Overhead projector
• Cassette player to play music on
• Transparencies
• A cassette recorded with music to beats
• Matters
• Cross bars for high jumps
• Landing matters
• A take off board for long jumps
• A shot - put
• Discus
26
• Javelin of different weights

• Strips of wood of the size of a javelin
• Netball posts
• Netballs
• Volleyball nets
• Hurdles
• Relay batons
• Badminton nets
• Baseball (elk) bats
• Stop watches
• Lime, sand, chaff, sawdust
• Medicine balls
• Typing papers
• Bristol boards
• Demy papers
• Pens/Pencils
• Marker pens
• Meter measures/foot rulers
• Pastels
• Scissors
• Rods 1.2 m in length
• Bandages
• Triangular bandages
• Strips of wood
• Cotton wool
• Carpets
• Whistles
• Measuring tapes/tapes measure
• Weighing scales
• Skipping ropes
• Plastic cones
• Rubber balls of various sizes
• Fool balls
• Starting blocks
• Foot ball goal posts
• Spherical stones of the size of a putt shot
• Lime for marking
• Burned engine oil or substitute material
• Netball place names in two colours
27
General Instructions on Planning the Learning – teaching Process
General abilities important for the life of students are represented in the competencies and
competency levels in the Health and Physical Education curriculum, Therefore the learning
teaching process should be so planned as to develop these competencies for this purpose. Focus
your attention on the instructions below.
• Always direct students to discover information outside the lecture method
• For this purpose direct students to explore along several streams related to
competencies
• Through this plan and implement activities for the development of thinking skills,
social skills and personal skills in students.
• For this purpose always implement appropriate learning teaching methodologies
with respect to each competency.
• In all activities utilize suitable methodologies for the involvement of the students
• Similarly, plan for the development of special abilities as well as general abilities at
each competency level.
• When planning activities, be concerned the needs of one’s school, needs of the
region as well as the needs of the country.
• If quality inputs are not available when necessary, prepare substitute instruments.
• When planning activities study class texts, the teachers Instructions Manual used earlier
and the handbooks on athletics, Netballs & Football as well as other manuals relevant to
each grade.
• Pay attention always to provide feedback and feed forward during activities.
• Endeavor to implement all the parts normally contain in health and physical education
lessons during practical activities.
28
1st Term
Competencies, competency levels and periods
Competencies Competency levels Periods
1.0 Contributes to build 1.1 Contributes to minimize the social health 05

u a healthy society problems
2.0 Fulfills the humans 2.1 Builds up the personality for self actualization 02
needs for a healthy
life
3.0 Exhibits correct 3.1 Maintains correct posture by concerning about 02

posture to spend a incorrect postures
healthy life
4.0 Spends leisure

4.1 Classifies organized Sports and outdoor 02
effectively by
activities.
engaging in
organized sports
4.5 Engages in Volleyball using skills correctly 03
and outdoor
activities
4.6 Engages in netball using skills correctly. 03
29
Competency 1.0 : Contributes to build up a healthy Society
Competency Level 1.1 : Contributes to minimize the social health problems
No of periods : 05
Learning Outcome: • Describes the concept of social health promotion

• Lists out health problems in the area of the individual
• Give suggestions to minimize the causative factors for identified
health problems.
• Explains the way of using health accesses to succeed social health
• Lists out the advantages of health promotion.
• Expresses the way by which the individual can contribute in health
promotion
Instructions for the preparation of learning teaching process:-

Step 01 • Present the incident in annexe 1.1.1 to the students.
• Inquire the students about the experiences that the main character in
the incident had faced.
• Lead a discussion highlighting the following points.
• Environmental pollution is mentioned in the incident above.
• Importance of the environment for the well being of the
society.
• Main health problems in the environment are air, water, land,
sound and industrial pollution.
• Consuming alcohol and cigarettes is also a causative factor for
environmental pollution.
• Environmental pollution causes the deterioration of health of
man.
Step 02 • Inquire the students about the persons who are responsible for
the health problems identified in the above incident.
• Lead a discussion highlighting the following points
• Main reason for creating health problems is the careless
activities of man.
• Apart from this natural phenomena like tsunami, floods and
droughts too influence on social health.
• Man cannot live without the involvement of the environment.
• The breakdown of the balance in nature influences on personal
health.
• Deterioration of personal health causes the deterioration of
social health and deterioration of social health causes personal
health.
30
• keeping up a good social health is a responsibility of every

person.
Step 03 • Discuss the following information that are important to maintain a

good social health.
• Society is a place or an environment where a person or more
than one person lives/ live
• People and places around us belong to the society.
• People of various age groups, various occupations and various
economical status can be seen in a same society.
• Physical, mental and spiritual well being is needed to live
productively.
Social health is the maintenance in the balance of the

environment as well as the quantitative and qualitative of
interpersonal relationships.
• Given below are the factors that influence on the

maintenance of good social health.
• activities of the man.
• sensitivity of to the environment
• law abiding
• Divide the students into two groups and give instructions to
gather information relevant to the following topics.
• Importance of quantitative and qualitative of interpersonal
relationships
• Factors that influence on the balance of the environment.
• Provide feed back and feed forward while engaging in the
activities.
• Lead a discussion highlighting the following while
appreciating the students findings.
• Due to maintaining quantitative interpersonal relationships
following advantage can be gained.
• ability to find more peer groups
• Can share knowledge
• get rid of loneliness
• increases in relationships
• develop communication skills
• can get help when taking decisions.
• Due to maintaining qualitative interpersonal relationships
following advantages can be gained
• correct team relationship
31
• ethical development
• Avoid from anti social activities
• developing good thoughts
• Persuading to do religious activities
• Directing to do welfare activities
• Factors that affect on balance in the environment.

• Industrial revolution
• Usage of machinery
• destruction of trees
• environmental pollution
• natural disasters (land slides, tsunami, floods)
Step 04 • Inquire the students about health promotion based on their

prior knowledge.
• Discuss that the health promotion is empowering individuals
that have the ability to minimize the health problems of the
individual as well as the community.
• Discuss that the social health promotion is the ability of the
individual on developing and controlling the social health
status
• Discuss with the students about the interruptions/ problems caused
to social health promotion
• Divide the students into four groups
• Give instructions to gather information relevant to the problem
assigned to the group, according to the following chart.
Group Problem Suggestions

Reasons for
changing
1  Environmental pollution
• Communicable diseases
2 • Water pollution
• Alcohol and cigarettes
3 • Lank pollution
• accidents
4  sound pollution
 Misconducts, abuse, violence
• Give opportunity to present their findings

• Conduct a review based on the information in annex 1.1.1 while
appreciating them.
32
Step 05 • Recall the essential five strategies of health promotion while

inquiring the prior knowledge of the students.
• Health policies
• Development of knowledge and skills
• Health friendly environment
• Community involvement
• Reorganization of health services
• Divide the students into five groups and assign the five strategies
of health promotion to them.
• Give instruction to list out the steps that should be taken for to
promote health, relevant to the topic
• Provide feedback and feed forward while engaging in the activity
• Discuss the information included in the annexe 1.1.3 while
appreciating the students findings.
• Discuss that the above process activated in a small unit like a
village and a town affects on the health promotion of the entire
country/ society.
Step 06 • Discuss the way by which an individual can contribute for the
social health promotion based on the following points.
• Conforming to policies
• Contributing to provide and to gain knowledge and skills
• Being a participant in building up a healthy environment.
• Helping to provide health services
• Contributing to provide health community work.
• Attention should be given to following strategies when promoting
social health
• Being selfless in place of selfishness
• Taking group decisions in place of self decisions
• Being socialized in place of living alone
• Health promotion in every person is important for health
promotion in the entire society
Step 07 • Inquire the students about the advantages of a health

promoted society.
• Discuss the following points while appreciating the answers of the
students.
• Building up an attractive environment
• Minimal tendency of diseases like Dengue
• Minimizing the fall of sunlight by planting trees.
• Formation of an pleasing environment
• widening the social relationships
• Gaining economical advantages
33
• Mini zing the conflicts

• Decreasing the expenditure on health
• Building up of good interpersonal relationships
• Ability to take the maximal use of time productively
• Increasing the quantitative and qualitative nature of the life
Basic term concepts : • Air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, sound pollution,
social health promotion.
Quality inputs : Information sheets access sheet
Instruction for assessment and evaluation
 Evaluate discovering social health promotion

 Evaluate the exploration of information about health problems in modern
society.
 Evaluate explaining the advantages of social health promotion
 Evaluate the skills like team skills , leadership, time management and
planning
Annexe 1.1.1
Access sheet
Sahnahi who was in a village school admitted to a school in the town to study
for advanced level. She stayed in a house close to the school and came to school by bus. As
usual she went to the bus stop after school for the bus. She saw scattered garbage which
was dragged by dogs and three garbage bins for separate garbage materials. She through
how careless the people are she watched how filthy water flows along the road from
damaged drains disgustingly when the school was over the road was congested with
vehicles as well as with school children. At the same time the lorry loaded with garbage of
the town joined the queue of vehicles Sahni covered her nose with her handkerchief
because of the bad smell emitted from the garbage lorry. Black smoke released from the
vehicles was not second the black smoke released from the factory situated near the
school. Sahani watched at her white uniform carefully. Restless drivers of the private
buses were blowing the horns without stopping asking for space in the road. This sound
makes ears deaf. She thought how nice is the village environment was.
34
Annexe 1.1.2
Information Sheet
Problem Reasons Changing Suggestions
Air pollution  Gases liberated by burning  Making compost from
(Destruction of the fuel like coal natural gas and degradable material in
balance in atmosphere by various gases liberated place of burning them
by changing its from the factories.  Recycling non degradable
composition is called  Toxic gases emitted from the material
air pollution) supersonic air crafts and  Using 3R (Reduce, Reuse
rockets Recycle) for garbage
 Chlorofluorocarbons escaping management.
form the refrigerators.  Installation of flues in
 Smelly gases emitted from the upper of the chimneys for
heaps of garbage. escaping smoke in the
 Destroying trees factories
 Vehicle smoke  Using CFC free
 Smoking refrigerators.
 Not observing rules and  Protesting against smoking
regulations.  Proper activation of rules
and regulations.
water pollution
( Becoming the water  Stagnation of water  Following 3R method in
that is unsuitable to  Addition of waste to water place of adding waste to
consume by adding (Addition of domestic waste water.
substances or changing factory waste to streams and  making proper drainage
its composition is rivers) systems.
called water pollution)  Addition of disease caused
organisms
35
 Addition of toxic metals  Using natural insecticides

 Addition of pesticides and pesticides in place of
 Addition of artificial inorganic artificial ones.
substances)  Proper maintenance of
 Destruction of forests in water streams and rivers.
catchment areas.  Prevention of water
 Cultivation that causes logging
damage to sources of water.
 Construction of tube walls.
 Sand mining in riverines.
 destruction of limestone's
 washing animals/ vehicles
 floods
Land pollution  Over usage of agrochemicals  using organic fertilizer for

(Becoming the land  destruction of forests cultivation
unsuitable for use by  using the land for irregular  using proper methods in
changing its natural cultivation animal husbandry
condition is called land  irregular constructions  using insecticides in a
pollution)  improper animal husbandry proper standard method
farms  Growing trees
 earth quakes tsunami, methodically.
cyclones.  Proper construction of
buildings
Sound pollution  Sound emitted from factories,  Using methods to send

(Emission of sound in vehicles, trains air crafts etc., noise of the factories to
an unbearable intensity  Explosion of bombs higher sky
to human ear is called  Noise from loudspeakers  Avoid fixing unwanted
sound pollution)  Using the radios with high sound emitting instruments
sounds. to vehicles.
 Using loud speakers only
in a need
 Regulating the sound of
radios according to the
necessity
36
Problem Reasons Changing Suggestions

Communicable diseases  Not obtaining vaccinations  Introducing methods for
properly. garbage disposal and
 Not following proper methods monitoring them
of waste management  Starting "Suwa sahana"
 Minimum health habits health centers.
 inadequate health facilities  Promoting personal
 waste and toxic gases released hygienic habits.
from factories  providing high sanitary
 insufficient space between facilities in the places like
houses school, house and common
 unplanned constructions places.
(factories near houses)  well planned building
construction.
 Media advertising and other  prohibiting cigarette and
alcohol and cigarettes advertisements alcohol selling near
 Not obeying to laws schools
 lack of awareness  prohibiting the use of
 Not developing the cigarettes and alcohol in
competencies like making common places and giving
decisions and analysis punishment.
 prohibiting the media
advertising
 making arrangements or
develop the competencies
in students and
community.
 promotion of providing
correct information
accidents  Not observing correct methods  Wearing safety instruments

 Not using safety instruments  should be a compulsory
 Not cleaning the environment rule
 Not obeying laws  making arrangements for
 unsafety places proper maintenance of the
 carelessness and unawareness environment
 Activation of laws and
providing punishment.
 making awareness
 Law abiding
37
Un favorable effects
Air pollution water pollution Land pollution
 Diseases associated  Diseases associated with  increasing fly and mosquito

with the respiratory digestive system populations
system  Causing diseases like cholera  decreasing the fertility of
 Causing skin diseases and dysentery. the soil.
 Causing cancer  Causing allergies rise in  Occurrence of unfavorable
mosquito borne diseases environmental conditions.
 Causing skin diseases  Land slides
Sound pollution Communicable accidents
 Damages the  Spreading communicable  Causing diseases

stillness of the diseases.  Causing fear
environment  decreases the quality of life  Creates problems
 occurecence of  minimizes the labour associated with security
unrest conditions contribution  Economical difficulties
 \causing hearing and  production decreases  Mental stress.
vision defects.
Annexe 1.3.1
Information sheet
Ways by which health promotion strategies can be used for village/ town / society
Field Things can be done

Health policies  Categorizing garbage in the houses/ School/ institute/ village
and collecting them separately.
 Using compost barrels
 making the use of rain water tanks compulsory in every house
 Avoid from selling cigarettes
 Organizing religious programms in specific days of different
religions.
 Using only organic fertilizer for cultivation
 Avoid from using asbestos as a roofing material
 Organizing tree planting programms
 Protecting sources of water.
38
development of  Activating health promoting associations in the school/

knowledge and skills institute.
related with health  Organizing monthly programmes for making awareness related
with healthy existence.
 Organizing training programmes for preparation of hygienic
foods.
 Introducing methods of exercising.
Making a health friendly  preparing places for playing, walking and exercising
environment  Activating the methods of garbage recycling.
 Organizing necessary methods for providing water and snitary
facilities in individuals area.
 growing trees in a proper manner (shade can be obtained by
growing large trees at the both sides the road)
 Making proper drainage systems and sewage disposal.
 Making sports facilities
 Avoid using chemical fertilizer for agriculture.
Field Things can be done
Community contribution  Organizing shramadana campaigns

 Receiving help from various institutes.
 Organizing health camps
 Activating disease preventing programmes.
Re organization of health  Organizing monthly health clinics

services (collaboration with M.O.H office)
 Organizing different days for collecting different types of
garbage in collaboration with provincial council.
 Providing awareness about adverse effects of smoking and
using drugs and providing rehabilitation facilities.
 Promoting healthy foods in restaurants/ food stalls in the area.
 Opening vegetable stalls grown using organic fertilizer
 Opening stalls for selling the vegetables produced in the area.
39
Competency Level 2.1 : Builds up the personality for self actualization
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Explains self actualization

• Expresses the importance of self actualization
• Acts making targets for self actualization

Step 01 • Present the following statement as the common future expectation
of all of us.
• Spending a satisfied correct consolatory life while providing a
maximum service to the society from the creative skills possessed
by us..
• Give the opportunity to present the future expectations of the
students and show that all these expectations are contends in
this common statement.
• Introduce this as the self actualization
• Present the list in annex 2.1.1 to the students
• Lead a discussion with the students and select the qualities that
should be given up and should be kept for approaching self
actualization.
• Discuss further about the following information to show
the importance of approaching self actualization
• Every person has specific talents
• We are highlighted as skilled, efficient persons at all the
instances where we act with these specific talents
• Social reputation self satisfaction and self esteem can be
gained by being a skilled. efficient person
• If a satisfied person who provides the maximum service from
his creative skills is with good attitudes and ethics he has
reached self actualization.
• A country gins a good development, if all the skilled persons in
various fields, serve the country with their skills and abilities.
• Among thousands of persons who had reached self
actualization religious leaders, Mahatma a Gandhi. seatel
mother Theresa, Arthur C clark, Anaradev, Rabubdrabatg
Tagore, Amaradeva , Abram Linchon can be taken as
examples.
40
Step 02 • Organize an out door get together and present the creation
in annexe 2.1.2 to the students.
• Conduct a discussion making the opportunity to inquire ideas,
exploration and appreciation.
• Provide each student with identical paper sheets and direct them
to write a creative essay on me after another thirty years
• The method by which abilities are managed productively.
• Good qualities developed
• Way you had faced challenges
• The pleasure and satisfaction obtained
• Collect all the sheets and make it as a book
• Give the opportunity to the students to read and appreciate
creations of other students.
• Discuss further on following points
• Satisfaction and pleasure can be gained by the productive
management of abilities of a person to the life.
• Satisfaction and pleasure is a foundation for self actualization
• Ability to face the challenges successfully and being with
good qualities are valuable characteristics of an examples
citizen'
• Self actualization should be gained to be an ideal person
Basic term concepts: • Self actualization
Quality inputs: • Annexe 2.1.1 and 2.1.2

 Inquire the qualities of a person that has approached self actualization
 Assign marks for the contribution of preparing the book.
 Let the chance to prepare on another list of factors which affects on
incorrect postures.
41
Annexe 2.1.1
• Providing the skills and abilities of a person for the well being of the society
• Satisfying from the resources available.
• Subjecting to reputation as a good, disciplined person
• Using others resources tactfully
• Engaging in various charity work for publicity
• Respecting to others.
• Keeping close relationships with good people
• Having extensive skills in the field learnt
• Having honest straight policies
• consuming maximum comforts
• Having a fair occupation
• Living in a distress free environment.
Annexe 2.1.2
A NOTE FROM ONE WHO HAS GAINED SELF ACTUALIZATION…
My life is beautiful…peaceful…and meaningful.

Amidst great challenges,
I have completed over a half of life’s journey.
But…
Nobody…at any time…could ever
Hurt me… misguide me…or lead me astray,
Because…
I always knew with absolute certainty
Even before entering my youth
Who I am…
The abilities nature had gifted me with…
And the weaknesses I should strive to improve.
Thus I was able to achieve
A worthy, happy and satisfactory life.
I chose a service
Where my talents can be put to best use…
And therefore,
It was with great pleasure and contentment
That I served the mankind!
I viewed each day
As a new beginning…a new hope.
Very soon, I will retire from service…as a hero.
I effectively managed my lifestyle
To achieve all that I needed as a human being.
From time to time, I have to remind myself that I’m getting old,
Because I often tend to forget it.
My abilities are still sharp…still fresh.
For me,
Retirement is the dawn of a new and exciting phase in life!
42
My life is beautiful…peaceful…and meaningful.

Competency 3.0 : Exhibits correct postures for lead a healthy life
Competency Level 3.1 : Maintains correct postures by concerning about incorrect

postures
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Names the factors/conditions affect on incorrect postures

• Defines accurately the congenital, environmental and chronic
conditions
• Explains the incorrect postures at birth and due to the
environmental factors.
• Identifies the different reasons affect on the incorrect postures.
• Engages in the activities to make correct the incorrect postures.
• Focuses on to form the correct postures.
• Makes the others aware on maintaining the correct postures.
• Focuses in to the rehabilitation centers if incorrect postures exist.

Step 01 • Ask about the correct postures from the students using the previous
knowledge.
• Discus the following factors while appreciating the students'
answers.
• Correct postures are monitoring the body accurately as doing
day to day activities without discomfort and less of effort.
• It is important to maintain the correct postures when walking,
running, sitting, lifting, pulling, pushing and throwing
activities.
• Advantages of maintaining the correct postures are as follows.
• Less expenditure of energy.
• Ability to work by less of effort.
• Maintain of fitness.
• Proper appearance
• Less of painful conditions
• Minimum of injuries.
• Being healthy
• Having personality traits
43
Step 02 • Ask from the students about the instances that use incorrect
postures in day to day life
• Discus the following factors while appreciating the students'
answers.
• Most people are using the incorrect postures like running,
walking, sitting, and pulling in day to day activities.
• Show out that the reasons for the incorrect postures are as
follows.
• Congenital conditions
• Environmental conditions
• Chronic conditions
• Explain that congenital (hereditary) conditions are the
abnormalities due to the genetically factors of father or mother
or occur there is from generation.
• Examples
• Abnormality of bones due to the deficiency of vitamin D alias
Rickets
• Insufficient intake of necessary nutrients at the stages of life.
• Explain that environmental conditions are the abnormalities
due to the unsuitable clothes, equipment and the incorrect way
of using equipment.
• Examples
• Abnormality of bones due to the deficiency of vitamin D alias
Rickets.
• Abnormalities of bones and osteoporosis due to the deficiency
of calcium and protein.
• Explain that chronic conditions are the abnormalities due to
the get use of incorrect postures for a long time by concerning
about the short time comfort.
• Examples
o Abnormalities in the spinal cord due to the incorrect
postures of sitting.
Step 03 • Name the following conditions which happens due to the
reasons at birth and environment.
• Hypnosis
• Lordosis
• Scoliosis
• Stoop due to uneven shape of vertebral column
• Flat back
• Bow legs
44
• Knock - knees
• Discuss about the above abnormalities and the minimizing
activities of them, by using the information in annexe 3.1.1
Step 04 • Educate the students by a discussion about the following

factors which affect to the incorrect postures apart from the
above identified special conditions.
• Having an overloaded daily workout
• Inadequate rest
• Over nutrition under nutrition.
• Inadequate of exercises
• Continuing of activities which give the more stress on some
parts of the body
• Not keeping the appropriate weight according to age
• Inappropriate BMI
• Weaknesses of in eyes and ears and not getting the proper
treatments.
• Not paying enough attention on the diseases at childhood.
• Abnormal growth of bones and muscles or lacked of growth
according to the necessary level.
• Emotional imbalance
• Mental imbalance
• Inadequate sleep
• Unsuitable shoes and clothes
• Incorrect forming of basic postures
• Use of unsuitable goods and equipment.
• Misuse use of the environment
• Respect to the of wrong views of others.
• Get used to the unsuitable equipment
• Getting fatigue unnecessarily
• Unawareness
• Carelessness
• Use of wrong medicines
• Not comprehending the personal differences.
Step 05 • Discus about following steps to be taken to minimize the

incorrect postures after identifying them.
• There are special centers for minimizing the abnormalities due to
the congenital conditions and should take the treatments.
45
• Directing to the hospitals

• Follow the series of exercises given by them.
• Minimize the carelessness and unnecessary fatigue
• By Following the good habits and suitable food patterns the
abnormalities occur due to environmental conditions.
• Engage in the day to day activities as not forming the chronic
conditions can be avoided.
• Maintaining the correct basic postures at always.
• Awareness about the orthopedic units exists in government
hospitals.
• Consult the sports medicine unit for the treatments of disorders in
sport injuries and accidents.
• Introduce about the sport medicine units which established in
related to the Base hospitals.
Basic term concepts:

• Congenital conditions • Environmental conditions
• Chronic conditions • kyphosis
• Lordosis • Scoliosis
• Flat back • Bow legs
• knock - knees
Instruction the for the assessment and evaluation

 Ask the definition about / the congenital , the congenital, environmental and
chronic / conditions
 Ask about the abnormalities under the above conditions separately.
 Let the chance to prepare a list of factors which affects on incorrect
postures.
 Ask about the actions to be taken to avoid the incorrect postures
 Evaluate the practical skills of functioning the exercises to the people who
suffer with different abnormalities due to the incorrect postures.
46
Information Sheet Annexe

3.1.1
The Abnormality exist Figure Action to be taken to
defect minimize the abnormal
conditions
Kyphosis  Bending backwards  Maintaining correct
of the upper part of postures
the vertebral column  Doing physical exercises to
in an unusual way. minimize the abnormal
conditions.
 While the chest takes  Mental courage/ motivation
on a flat shape the  Doing muscle
head is pushed strengthening exercises in
toward and shoulder shoulder, chest and back.
blades protrude Exercise -01
backwards 1. Stand at easy as holding
the hands on the hip.
2. Touch the chest by the chin
Fig. 3.1.1 as lowering the head
slowly.
3. Exact the head again an
earlier.
4. Push back the lifted head
while looking the sky.
5. Exact the head again and
look forward.
Lordosis  Lower area of • Maintaining correct

vertebral column postures.
convexes forwards.  Doing activities to
 Hiqis pushed strengthen the stomach
backwards muscles and increase the
 A protruding belly is elasticity of the muscles in
a prominent feature. lumber area.
 Head leans forward Exercise -01
and the back 1. Lay down on an even
vertebrae are surface fold arms behind
unusually cured. the head.
2. Lift the chest towards the
head by pressing the head
and elbows to the ground.
Fig 3.1.2 3. Again to the previous
posture.
4. Bend the lifted head
towards the knees by
immuring the heels and
47
knees.
5. Again to the previous
posture.
 Vertebral column is  Maintaining correct

Scoliosis curved to one side postures.
(left or right) in here  Doing activities to get rid
as a bow. of the abnormality.
 Curved shoulder is  Should introduce the
lower than to the exercises which increase
other shoulder and the flexibility of vertebral
the hip is raised on column when increasing
that side. the strength and the
elasticity of muscles.
Exercises -1
 Following exercise is for a
person whose left
shoulder is raised and
right shoulder is lowered.
 Stand at ease.
Fig 3.1.3  Raise the right hand
sideward and upward.
 Bringing down the strained
left hand sideward along
the left leg.
Stoop  Abnormal formation  Pregnant mothers
due to of the vertebral  Having more nutrition
uneven column and mauls.
shape of abnormal bandings in  Avoid from taking
vertebral the vertebral column. unnecessary medicines and
column. careens when taking the
 Acquit from the medicines.
congenital  Correct awareness in the
conditions, the persons who engage with
abnormalities at the body building and weight
birth will affect this. lifting exercises.
Flat back  Lack of natural  Maintaining correct
curvature of lumber posture.
area in vertebral  Introduce the activities to
column. strengthen the muscles in
 This is common in the stomach and the lumber
childhood and the area.\
natural curvature is Exercise -01
formed as the child  Lying upward on an even
grows. surface.
 This will obstruct on  Tie the both hand fingers
the normal physique behind the neck and lft the
of the girls when elbows towards the back
they attend the
48
adolescence. Fig 3.1.4

Boy legs  Legs are pushed to  Maintaining correct
the sides at the postures
knees.  Engages in exercises.
 Abnormal curvature Exercises – 01
at the middle of • Walk forward in a linear
knees. way.
 Walking takes an • Stretch the legs forward as
abnormal way of the
touching the heels.
persons who has
these characteristics. • Keep hands beside the body
 Congenital and under and move the legs in and out
nutrition conditions. by keeping the "V" shape at
Incorrect walking at the heels.
childhood and
incorrect postures are
effect on these Fig 3.1.5
abnormalities.
Kick  Knees are  Aware about the correct

Knees abnormally curved postures.
inwards.  Introduce simple activities
 Knees are touched to to avoid such conditions.
each other
 Lower parts to the Exercise - 01
knees are abnormally  Balance forward walk in a
afar. straight way.
 Congenital  Sit on the ground with
conditions, under stretched legs as touching
nutrition, long term the heels.
incorrect postures are  Tie the knees by a rubber
affecting on this. tape as keeping the hands
Fig 3.1.6 besides.
 Stretch the knees to
opposite sides with starting
the low intensity.
49
Competency 4.0 : Spends leisure effectively by engaging in organized sports and

outdoor activities.
Competency Level 4.1 : Spends leisure effectively by engaging in organized sports and
outdoor activities.
No of periods : 01
Learning Outcome: • Classifies the organized games

• Classifies the outdoor activities
• Explains the necessity of organized games and outdoor activities.

Step 01 • Engage the students in the access game in annexe 4.1.1
• Lead a discussion by highlighting the following factors.
• Playing area has not definite length or with of this game.
• Paper ball has not definite weight, size or colour
• No definite time duration for the game
• These games are known as minor games, Fun fames and non –
organized games etc.
• But there are games which ha the definite play area and done
according to the rules & regulations
• Those games are known as the organized games
e.g.:- volleyball, Netball, Football, Cricket etc.
Step 02 • Ask the organized games that knows the students and notice
them in the board.
• Group the students as suitable
• Instruct the groups to classify the noticed games under the
following topics.
• Indoor games • Athletics
• Combat games • Games which use the ball
• Games which use the bat • Games which use the
equipments
• Aquatic games
• Give the chance to present the students' explorations
• Forward the sport classification in annexe 4.1.2 while appreciating
the students' explorations.
• Discuss with the students by highlighting the following factors.
• Games can be classified according to different methods, as
playing area, using equipments etc.
• One game can be included in to several groups.
Step 03 • Ask from the students that, which means by the term 'outdoor
Education.'
50
• Confirm that outdoor Education is giving the chance to

comprehension /learn the reality beyond the classroom by using the
natural environment.
• Comprehends to the students that expectation of this is, to give the
Education related to the natural environment and to engage in
different outdoor activities by accepting the "student should derive
out the nature."
• Instruct the students to line up the outdoor activities after grouping
the students.
• Give the feedback and feed forward where necessary.
• Forward the information about outdoor Education in annexe 4.1.3
while appreciating the student's explorations.
Step 04 • Group the students as suitable

• Guide the groups to explore the factors about the necessity of
the organized games and the outdoor activities under the
following topics.
• Physical necessity
• Mental necessity
• Social necessity
• Give the chance to present the students' explorations.
• Engage in a summarization using the annexe 4.3.4 while
appreciating the students' explorations.

• Outdoor education • Outdoor activities
• Sport classification • Effective leisure
Quality inputs :
• Access game in annexe 4.1.1
• Sport classification in annexe 4.1.2
• Outdoor education information in annexe 4.1.3
• Organized games and necessity of outdoor activities in annexe 4.1.4
Instruction for the assessment and evaluation

 Evaluate the presentation of organized games using a chart
 Evaluate the classification of outdoor activities
 Evaluate the explanation of physical, mental and social necessities in
organized games and outdoor activities.
 Evaluate the work as a team, participation, and followership.
51
Annexe 4.1.1
Access game
• Instruct the students to group s pairs

• Instruct them to draw a square in appear as shown in the figure
• Instruct them make three small paper balls per each as same colour for one student.
• Say that the student who arranges the 03 paper balls in to one straight line will win
the game.
Pattern of play
• First, one student put a ball in a square. Then the other student will put a ball and
instruct them to engage with the game alternatively.
• One player should move the balls as the other one cannot arrange the three balls in
to a straight line
• Can arrange the three balls in to one straight line or can avoid the making of other's
straight line by moving the balls.
• Ball movements should be along the drawn lines and cannot skip the market place
while moving.
52
Annexe 4.1.2
Organized game
Athletics - Track & Field, Road race, Race walking, Cross Country, Mountain
Running.
Indoor games- Volleyball, Netball, Basketball, Badminton, Table Tennis, Carom,

Chess, Dam, Billiard, Squash, Scrabble.
Games which use a bat – Cricket, Elle, Hockey, Badminton, Tennis, Table Tennis, golf,
Baseball
Combat games – Karate, Judo, Boxing, Wresting, Wuhu, Taekwondo, Kun Fu,
Archery, and Fencing.
Winter games - Snow dancing, Ski jumping, Ice hockey, Alpine skilling.
Aquatic games Swimming, Rowing, Diving, Surfing, Boat race, Water polo, water
ballet, Fly board.
Air games - Para jumps, Sky diving
Gymnastics -Rhythmic gymnastics, Trampoline, Artistic Gymnastics, Aerobics
Other games Cycling (Racing/ Mountain) Motor bike race, Motor car races, Horse
racing
Games which use a ball Volleyball, Netball, Football, Cricket, Basketball, Tennis, Rugby
Games without equipments - Kabaddi, Koko.
Annexe 4.1.4
Necessity of organized games and outdoor activities.
Physical Necessities
 Improvement of physical fitness
 Being healthy.
 Strengthening of bones and muscles.
 Improvement of neuro muscular coordination
 Effectiveness of respiratory system
 Effectiveness of circulatory system.
 Effectiveness of excretory system
 Burn of stored fat
 Proper physical appearance
53
 Minimize of getting accidents and distorters

 Not getting tired easily
 Adaptation to live in difficult conditions
Psycho- Social Necessities
 Focus to protect the nature.

 Sense the nature
 Identify the bond between the natural resources and the life
 Spend leisure effectively
 Having joy and happiness
 Having mental awakening
 Abide cord get used to rules and regulations
 Get used to accept the win or lose in a same manner.
 Get used to work with cooperation
 Improvement of tolerant ability
 Get used to help each other
 Improvement of ethics
 Ability to control the stress
 Improvement of emotional balance
 Improvement of correct decisioning
 Improvement of creative thinking
54
• Identity the animals

• Identify the food
• Weather forecasting
• Knowledge about the galaxy
• Find the directions
• Climb the trees
• Putting signs in the pat ways
Nature and wild life

Camping Craft
Cook the meals
outdoor
• Select the place for
• Identify the food camping
Prepare the nutritious
food recep'es which
• Make and remove the
camp or cottage
can cook in outdoor Outdoor
camps activities • Environmental
preservation
• Prepare the stoves
• Cook the meals in
• Knits and lashings
outdoor • Camp fires
• Methods of food • Camp fire games.
preservation Explorations and
fun games
• Forest explorations
• Jungle explorations
• Cycling tours
• Swimming
• Rowing
• Fishing
• Use the compass
55
Competency Level 4.5 : Engages in volleyball using skills correctly
No of periods : 03
Learning Outcome: • Do the attack and block accurately

• Derives enjoyment through engaging in volleyball and according to
the rules and regulations.
• Work as team

Step 01 • Ask from the students about the instances that they played or
watched a volleyball match.
• Ask about the skills which used in the game
• Remember that there are six skills in volleyball and they are as
follows.
• Searing
• Receiving
• Setting
• Attacking
• Blocking
• Court defending.
(Service, Receiving and setting has learnt in previous grades)
 Ask about the two main skills which use to scoring a point and
prevent the opponents' scoring an experienced volleyball+ team.
 Explain that those two skills are as follows and aim of this lesson is
to go through these two skills
 Attacking
 Blocking
Step 02 • Divide the students in four groups

• Arrange o4 places in the playground by keeping the several
volleyballs.
• Use one place of them as a place with wall or parapet.
• Directing the four groups of students in to four places.
• Engage the students with particular activity of each place by using
the following diagram.
• Give the feedback and feed forward as necessary.
56
Fig 4.5.1
Step 03 • Explain the attacking technique of volleyball as follows with

using the demonstrations
• Body should bring down before the take off. (Fig 4.5.2)
• Hands should stretch as they go upward through behind the body in
there.
• Body should bend backward as a bow/Spring in air.
• Attacking hand should be kept to the back over the head.
• Should attack to the top of the ball by the lifted hand while body
comes rapidly to the forward.
• Body should be controlled by bending the knees when landing'
57
Fig 4.5.2 Fig 4.5.3
fig.4.5.4 fig 4.5.5
Step 04 • Prepare a volleyball court with a net in a suitable height

• Tossed up ball above the stop edge of the net and give the chance
to attack the ball by standing near the net.
Step 05 • Arrange 04 places in the ground as shown in the following diagram.
fig 4.5.6
• Engage the groups in the particular activities which noted in the

each place.
• Change the teams and engage them in all 04 activities.
• Give the feedback and feed forward as necessary.
58
Step 06 • Explain the blocking technique of volleyball as follows with

using the demonstrations.
• Stand in feet apart to shoulder level by facing the net. (fig.
4.5.6)
• Keep hands besides of the hand by bending at elbows (fig4.5.7)
• Spread the fingers as palms focusing the net.
• Bring down the body by using the knees and taking off (fig
4.5.8)
• Over the net focus the hands in to the opponent's court with the
taking off (fig 4.5.9)
Fig 4.5.7 Fig 4.5.8 Fig 4.5.9
Step 07 • Prepare a volleyball court with a net in a suitable height

• Give the chance to block the ball at over the top edge of the net
by standing near the net. Send the ball from opposite side.
Step 08 • Divide the students into two groups.

• Engage the students in to following minor game in order to
practice the attack and block in volleyball.
• Position the teams according to the following diagram.
59
fig 4.5.10
• Hang 04 volleyballs in a rope/ supporter which tied tightly on the

two volleyball posts.
• Give the following instructions.
• Run to the place A and attack the ball with jump, then go
to the place B and block the ball with jump.
• Attack and block the ball correctly
• Then to go and stand at side of the court.
• Introduce that the team who will finish the game first and
accurately is become the winner.
• Let chance to engage in the game for several times.
Step 09 • Divide the class into two or four groups as suitable.

• Conduct about 05 minutes volleyball matches among the teams.
• Use the students as the referees of the matches.
• Comprehended the rules and regulations of annexe 4.5.1 which
regarding to attack and block during the match.
• Give feedback and feed forward where necessary

• Attack
• Block
Quality inputs :
• Suitable area for the game
• Volleyballs
• Volleyball nets
• Two whistles
• Annexe 4.5.1
• A Scissor or knife to cut the tin and a hammer.

 Evaluate the exhibit of correct techniques
 Evaluate the explanation of rules and regulations regarding to attack and
block.
 Evaluate the play in according to the rules and regulations.
 Evaluate the team work
60
Competency Level 4.6 : Engages in netball using skills correctly
No of periods : 04
Learning Outcome: • Do the attacking defending and shooting accurately

• Derives out the enjoyment through playing the netball according to
the rules and regulations.
 Work as team

watched a netball match.
• Ask about the skills which used in the game
• Remember that there are six skills in netball and they are as follows.
• Ball controlling
• Root working
• Attacking
• Defending
• Shooting
(Ball control and foot work has learnt in previous grades)
 Ask about the two main skills which use to scoring a point and
prevent the opponents' by a certain netball team.
 Explain that those two skills are as follows and aim of this lesson is
to go through these two skills
 Attacking
 Defending
 Shooting
Step 02 • Explain that should act as follows in the attacking technique

• Get free from defending players.
• Run by changing the directions.
• Bring the ball to the shooting post
• Receive the ball with stretched hands
61
• Engage the students in following activities without the ball to

practice the attacking
• Do the following movements according to the signal while
running on the spot.
• To left
• To night
• To forward
• To backward
• Give feedback and feed forward where necessary.
Step 03 • Engage the students in following activities with the ball to practice
the attacking.
• Divide the students in to four groups and place them as the
diagram.
• Give a ball to each captain
fig 4.6.1
• First student of the team will run forward from right side of the
post and just as he passing the post take one step to right and run
again to the left side.
• With that happens the team captain throw the ball to the left side?
• Then the running student receives the ball by stretching the hands
to the left side and returns the ball to the captain and joins as the
last of the team
• After done the activity by the all members of the team repeats the
activation on the opposite direction too.
62
Step 04 • Explain that the defending can be done by as follows

• In front of a player. fig 4.6.2
• Behind the player fig 4.6.3
• Facing the player fi 4,6,4
• Aside from the player fig 4.6.5
fig 4.6.2 f.ig.4.6.3 fig 4.6.4 fig. 4.6.5
• Explain that defending player should act as follows to

similar to the moving of attacking player.
• To receive the ball (attacker's ball)
• To defend the player ( avoid receiving the ball of attacker)
• To defend the places (avoid moving the attacker to an
another place)
• Explain that should concern about following facts when
defending a player
• Receive the ball get free or avoid by similarly moving as
same as to the attacker
• Obstruct away three feet from landing foot ball has received
• Obstruct with stretched arms following the throwing
direction
• Jump and receive the released ball if throw over
• Direct students to engage the activity for several times as
shown in the following diagram.
• Give feed tack and feed forward where necessarily.
Step 05 • Engage the students in following activity to practice the
defending skill.
 Divide the students in to four groups with appointing the leader
and lineup them as shown in the diagram
63
fig 4.6.6
 Name one live as defenders and the other line as attackers.

 The attacker should receive the ball which sent by the leader as
moving to left, to right and again to left with pretending the
defender.
 In here,
 The defender should try to receive the ball by be siding the
attacker while obstructing the attacking player.
 Advise them to practice the defend as behind the attacker, in
front of the attacker and facing the attacker.
 Engage them in activities as everyone get the chance
 Give feedback and feed forward where necessary.
Step 06 • Explain the shooting technique to the students follows with

the demonstrations
• Stand erectly while keeping the ball on the palm of leading
hand over the head.
• Keep tree hand as support to the ball
• Focus the eyes on the shooting ring
• Shoot the ball forward and upward with coming upward
the body by knees as it went down.
• Releasing the ball should be done at the highest point of
shooting position and fingers should focus to the shooting
ring in follow through. fig 4.2.6
64
fig 4.6.7
• Engage in following activity to develop the sheeting

technique
• Shoot with using the correct technique by standing close to
the shooting post. fig 4.6.8
• Shoot from different places of shooting circle.fig 4.6.10
• Shoot with a defender fig 4.6.11
fig 4.6.9 4.6.10 4.6.11
Step 07 • Give the chance to play about five minutes netball game after
grouping as suitable.
• Give the chance to the students to umpire the matches.
• Stop the game and explain the rules and regulations (attack,
defend, shoot) when foul occurred.
• Use the information of annex 4.6.1 for that
Basic term concepts: • Attack

• Shoot
• Defend
Quality inputs : • Several netballs

• Shooting posts
• Players bibs
• Cones
• whistles
• A stop watch
• Annexed 4.6.1

 Evaluate correct exhibit of techniques
65
 Evaluate the play netball in according to the rules and regulations

 Evaluate the obedient in umpire decisions
 Evaluate the term work as a team.
Annex 4.6.1
2nd Term
4.0 Spends leisure effectively

by engaging in sports 4.7 Engages in football using skills correctly 03
and outdoor activities
5.0 Utilizes the specific 5.1 Engages in relay running using correct 02
abilities developed baton change.
through participation in 02
5.2Uses hang technique correctly in long
athletics for the tasks of jump
life
7.0Consume suitable food 7.1 Consumes food according to nutritional 06

for a healthy life needs
8.0 Conforms to an efficient

8.1 Follows healthy practices to maintain the 03
lifestyle while
external appearance.
maintaining the wonder
of the body.
9.0 Acts to maintain the 9.1Acts to develop health related fitness

06
fitness for a life. factors, while concerning about them
66
Competency Level 4.0: Spends leisure effectively by engaging in sports and outdoor
activities
Competency Level 4.7 : Engages in football using skills correctly
No of periods : 03
Learning Outcome: • Do the goal keeping and throw accurately.

• Derives enjoyment through engage in football by conforming to
the rules and regulations
 Work as team
Instructions for the preparation of learning, teaching process:-

watched a Football match.
• Let the chance to name the skills of football, which learnt at the
pervious grades.
• Controlling the ball
• kicking the ball
• stopping the ball
•Heading the all
 Emphasize that the following skills are in the football as well.
• Attacking
• Defending
• Throw-in
• Goal keeping
 Ask about the skill which uses to return the ball to the court, the
ball that went away over the side lines of the court.
 Introduce as that skill is the throw-in skill
67
Step 02 • Demonstrate the throw-in skill to the students.

• Explain the throw - in skill as follows.
• Keeping the feet apart or one foot behind by facing the
throwing direction
• Keeping the ball over and behind the head with both hands.
• Throw the ball by stretching the hands while bringing forward
the trunk which took backward when throwing
fig 4.7.1
• Engage the students in following activities to parties the throw-

in
• Divide the students into four groups and place them as two
teams by facing the each other.
• Do the throw –in as shown in the following figure.
fig 4.7.2
• Advise them to throw the ball to the front player of the opposite
team in accordance to the throw in technique.
• Advise the player who does the throw to come and stay at the end
of the row after the throw.
68
• Advise the receiving player to repeat the above activity in

according to the technique.
• Engage the student's in the above activity for several times.
• Explain that following actions to be followed when throw- in.
• Should stand by facing the court
• Should be kept in contact with the ground with both feet as a
way or touching the side line
• Should not touch the court over the sideline
• Should use the both hands to throw the ball
• Should release the ball over the head as it comes from the
behind
Step 03 • Explain the rules and regulations to be followed during the

throw –in activities.
• Throw – in is a restart method of a match which happens after the
ball went out of the court over the side lines
• Throw – in will be offered when the ball passed the sideline by
along the ground or in the air
• Throw –in will be offered to the opponents of the player who touch
the ball finally.
• The thrower can't touch the ball again until it touches by the other.
• As the ball enters into the court, it became an instance of play
• Cannot score a global by a direct throw –in
Step 04 • Ask from students about the technique which we use to avoid
the ball that comes to the goal
• Evaluate student's answers and discuss that it is goal keeping
technique can be done according to various methods
• Keep the ball which comes from the forward along the ground
• Keep the ball which comes from the side along the ground
• Keep the ball which comes at chest and waist level
• Keep the ball which comes over the head.
Step 05 • Demonstrate the preparation in goal keeping technique to the

students as follows
• Stand on the goal line as securing the body balance by feet in
shoulder level or as suitable.
• Hands by the sides of the body over the shoulders, which bent
at elbows while palms turn forward.
• Bring down the body by bending the knees while focusing the
trunk forward.
69
• Stand on the balls of the feet as easy to move.
fig 4.7.3
• Advise them to stand according to the correct technique
• Advise to move the left, right, forward and backward
accordingly.
• Give the feedback and feed forward.
Step 06 • Demonstrate the ball, keeping which comes along the

ground as follows.
 Stand according to the correct technique
 Walk in the correct technique.
 Walk to the direction of the ball and stand by facing towards
the ball.
 Close the legs and bring the trunk and hands down.
 Keep focusing the eyes on the ball.
 Catch the ball which touch the hands by speeded fingers and
forwarded palm.
 Take the ball closer to the chest right after catching.
(fig 4.7.4)
 Engage the students in the following activities to practice

the ball, keeping which comes along the ground.
70
 Group the students as suitable and advise them to make per two
lines by facing each other.
• Let the chance to practice technique without the ball at first.
• Give one ball to each team.
• Advise the one first student to throw the ball along the ground
and other opposite first student to keep the ball with both hands
with proper preparation.
(fig 4.7.5)
• Advise the kept student to throw back the ball along the ground
to the other opposite student and add to the end of the own row.
• Give chance to all students, to throw and keep the ball
accordingly.
Step 07 • Demonstrate the ball, keeping at chest level and waist level
as follows.
• Preparation according to the correct technique.
• Positioning by reaching the ball as it comes.
• Going down by knees
• Focusing the trunk forward as comes the ball.
• Receive the ball withspreader fingers with little bending at
elbows as the ball reach to the chest/ waist level.
• Keep focusing the eyes on the ball
• Bring the ball to the chest as quickly as it gets caught
(fig 4.7.6)
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• Engage the students in following activities to practice

the ball, keeping at chest/ waist levels.
• Group and line up the students as in step 07
• Engage them in technique without the ball first.
• Then. Give a one ball per two teams.
• Advise the front player and one team to throw the ball to
the chest/ waist level of the front player in the opposite and
he/she to keep the ball according to the correct technique.
• Advice to throw the ball again by the kept front line
student as above and go to the end of the own line.
(fig 4.7.7)
• Let the chance to all students accordingly.

Step 08 • Engage the students in following lead-up game to practice

the throw in and the goal keeping in football
• Mark the dimensions (ex 20m x 30m) in the ground as suitable.
 Mark two goal lines at the two sides of the court.
• Appoint two goal keepers for the two terms.
• Call up two teams to the court and engage in the game football
• Offer the throw in for the balls which go out of the court.
• Change the goal keepers during the play'
• Continuing the game while providing the comprehension about
the infringements happens in play.
• Give the victory to the team which scores more.
Basic term concepts: • Rules and regulations at football, Throw-in, Goal keeping
Quality inputs : • Several footballs, several cones, Line markings

 Accurate exhibit of goal keeping technique
 Accurate exhibit of throw – in technique
 Acts according to the rules and regulations
 Confront the win/ loss successfully.
72
Competency 5.0 : Utilizes the specific abilities developed through participation in

athletics for the tasks of life
Competency Level 5.1 : Engages in relay running using correct baton change.
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Explains the upsweep technique which gives the baton upward and
down sweep technique which give the baton downward in baton
change.
• Describes the outside change,inside change,mixed change, visual
method and Non visual method in baton change
• Exhibits the baton changing methods accurately
• Engages in relay running events by using the correct baton
changing methods
• Work by conforming the rules and regulations.

Step 01 • Engage the students in following access game with regarded to
the baton change. (fig 5.1.1)
• Mark a 30m x 30m Square in the ground.
• Spread out the students at large within the square.
 Give each baton to some of them
 Instruct all students to jog within the space
according to the signal given by the teacher.
 Advice them to change the batons freely among
the students while they jogging.
 Advise them to not to hold the baton for a long
time and keep changing again and again.
 Continue the jogging until give the second signal
 Engage for several minutes in this activity
(fig 5.1.1)
Step 02 • Engage in a discussion by highlighting the following factors

about the relay running extents that the students have
participated or have watched.
• Number of athletes is four in a team
• 100 x4, 200 x4, 400 x4, 800 x4, 1500 x4 relay are the relay
events.
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• Baton should be made with wood, metal or any other rigid

material in one piece.
• Baton change can be done as outside change, inside change,
mixed change, visual method and non-visual method
Step 03 • Explain to the students that there two basic methods of giving
the baton to the receiver in baton change.
• Give the baton by focusing the upwards.
• The giver should give the baton from downward to upwards.(fig
5.1.2)
• The receiver should receive the baton by stitching the hand to
backward while it focuses down,(fig 5.1.3)
fig 5.1.2 fig 5.1.2
• Give the baton by focusing the down ward

• The giver should give the baton from upward to downward
(fig 5.1.3)
• The receiver should receive the baton stretching the hand to
backward while opening the palm up (fig 5.1.4)
(fig 5.1.3) (fig 5.1.3)
Step 04 • Direct the students to follow exercises to practice the upsweep

technique of baton changing.
74
• Line up four students for each row as shown in the (fig 5.1.5)
(fig 5.1.4)
• Fourth student who stands at last will give the baton from his/her
left hand to the right hand of the third student who stands in front
of him/her according to the upsweep technique.
• The baton should be pass until the first student in according to
this manner.
• pass the baton at on the spot while walking slowing and while
jogging
• Give feedback and feed forwarded where necessary
Step 05 • Train the students the down sweep technique also by using the
model of the above activity
 Give feedback and feed forward where necessary.
Step 06 • Baton pass can be categorized according to the side of the

body which receives the baton by the athlete.Explain them
the students a follows.
Inside pass
• The athlete receives the baton by his left hands is an inside
pass. (It is comparatively inside hand to the running track)
Outside pass
• The athlete receives the baton from his right hand is an
outside pass. (It is comparatively outside hand to the
running track)
Mixed pass
• Alternatively use both inside and outside passes in a
relay running is called as mixed change
Step 07 • Group the students as per four and advise them to stand in
behind one after another.
• Advise the fourth student to hand over the baton from his left
hand to the right hand of the third student who stands in front to
him.
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(Explain that this is an outside pass)

• Advice third student to give his right handed baton to the left
hand of the second student who stands in front to him.
(Explain that this is an inside pass)
• Advise the second student to give his left handed baton to the
right hand of the first student of
(Explain that this is an outside pass)
• Explain that doing both of these inside and outside passes are
called as the mixed pass.
• Engage the students in to several times with this activity.
• Give feedback and feed forward where necessarily.
Step 08 • Explain the visual change and non-visual passes as follows

Visual Pass
• Receive the baton while looking at the baton by receiving
athlete is the visual pass.
• 400m x 4 and above relay events are using this method to
change the baton
(In here receiving athlete receives the baton by turning up the
palm.)
(fig 5.1.5)
No visual Pass
• Receive the baton while not looking at the baton by receiving
athlete is the non-visual pass.
• Sprinting relay events like 100m x 4 and 200m x 4 are used
this non visual pass.
Step 09 • Explain the following rules and regulation to the students,

which related to baton change.
- The baton should be a smooth hollow tube.
- The baton should be made of wood, metal or any other rigid
material
- The baton should be carried by hand throughout the race.
- If dropped, should be recovered by the athlete who dropped
it
- Baton should be passed within the takeover zone.
-
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Baton takeover the zone
(fig 5.1.7)
Basic term concepts: • Upsweep technique of passing the baton

• Down sweep technique of passing the baton
• Outside pass
• Inside pass
• Mixed pass
• Visual pass
• Non visual pass
Quality inputs : • A Suitable area

• Several batons or substitutes
• Marking materials
•A whistle
• whistles

 Evaluate the explanation of baton passing methods.
 Evaluate the use of correct baton passing methods.
 Evaluate follow-up of rules and regulations related to relay running
 Evaluate the exhibit of teamwork skills.
77
Competency 5.0 : Utilizes the specific abilities developed through participation in

Competency Level 5.2 : Uses hang technique correctly in long jump
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Names the long jump techniques.

• Lists out the stages of long jump technique
• Jumps accurately using the hang technique
• Explains the rules and regulations of long jump

Step 01 • Engage the students in following activities
• Jump up over a little obstacle by one foot, while walking slowly.
(fig 5.2.1)
• Jump up over a little obstacle by one foot while jogging forward
fig(5.2.2)
• Jump up over and obstacle by one foot taking off at the marked
place while jogging and land with both feet
(fig 5.2.3)
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Step 02 • Lead a discussion by highlighting the following factors.

• Long jump is belongs to group of horizontal jumps in according
to the classification of athletics.
• There are three techniques of long jumping.
• Sail technique
• Hang technique
• Hitch – kick technique
• The techniques differ from one to another according to the way
of moving the body at flight phase/ stage.
• The aim of his event is to jump a long distance by taking off
with one foot.
• The long jump technique consists with following stages/ phases.
• Approach run
• Take off
• Flight
• Landing.
Step 03 • Demonstrate the hang technique of long jump to the students

as follows.
fig 5.2.4
• Explain that this known as the hang technique due to the way of
hands at flight stage/phase as trying to hang on something by
hands.
Step 04 • Engage students in following activities to practice the hand

technique of long jump.
• Take off like long jumping at the last step of approach run with 3,
5 7 or 9 strides and return into the same approach run again with
certain strides and take off with thelast step.
(fig5.2.5)
79
• Take off with one foot after the approach run of 5 or 9 strides. In
here, take – off leg should be stretched completely while free leg
rose up as shown in the figure.
(fig5.2.6)
• Touch the hung supporter by both hands after the take off from
on the spot and land on both feet (flight)
(fig5.2.7)
• Touch the hung supporter after the approach run of several strides
as taking off from one foot at marked place and land on both feet.
(Flight)
(fig5.2.8)
• Take off at marked place after an approach run of several strides
and bring forward the takeoff leg while landing as land on both
feet.
(fig5.2.9)
80
 Do the takeoff flight and landing with a slow walk as discussed

above.
 Do the above activity with jog.
(fig5.2.10)
Step 05 • Aware about the following rules and regulations of long

jump during the activities.
 Should not touch the ground beyond the take off line with any
part of the body.
 Taking off should be from the one foot
 Should not touch the border or ground outside the landing area
closer to the take off line than the nearest break made in sand
 Should do any form of somersaulting while running up or in
jumping

• Hang technique • Rules and regulations
• Landing • Flight • Take off
• Approach run
Quality inputs: • A long jump area

• Supportive equipment which can be hung
• Figures of hang technique
• Marking materials.

 Ask the techniques of long jump.
 Ask about the stages/ phases of technique
 Ask about the rules and regulations
 Evaluate the active participation.
81
Competency 7.0 : Consume suitable food for a healthy life
Competency Level 7.1: Consumes food according to nutritional needs
No of periods : 06
Learning Outcome: • Explains that nutritional needs vary according to the different
stages of the life cycle.
• Discusses the way by which nutritional needs vary according to the
femininity and masculinity
• Describes the nutritional needs in specific instances in the life
cycle.
• Gives ideas to get rid of myths
• Exhibits the preparation for selecting nutritional foods
• Communicates the good messages regarding nutrition
• Responds with a correct definition to the various messages
advertised by the media regarding nutrition

Step 01 • Present the picture of the cycle in annexe 7.1.1
• Inquire the ideas of students’ about the nutritional needs of
different stages.
• Discuss the following points while appreciating the students.
ideas.
• There are different stages in the life cycle
• Nutritional needs vary according the different stages.
• Apart from that nutritional needs vary according to health
condition, femininity and masculinity
• Daily nutritional needs should be adjusted with meals
• Main functions performed by food are supplying energy
growth, regenerating tissues and protection.
• Food is classified into a group considering the main nutrient
contains in it.
• Food pyramid is prepared, including amounts of six food types
that should be consumed and it directs the method of daily food
consumption.
• A meal that contains all the nutrients in proper amounts is
considered as a balanced diet
• Taking two additional meals apart from main meals daily is
suitable
• Daily caloric needs should be fulfilled by these five meals.
82
• Nutrition conditions in one stage of the life cycle influence on

the health condition of other stages.
Step 02 • Divide the students into five groups and assign following topics
to them.
• Infant (from birth – 01 year)
• Child (01 years – 10 years)
• Adolescence( 10 years – 19 years)
• Adult (20 years – 59 years)
• Aged (over 60 years)
• Instruct them to gather information about nutritional needs
according to the particular stage, (instruct them to use the text
book)
• Provide feed forward and feedback while engaging in the
activity.
• Give the opportunity to the students to present their findings.
• Conduct a review based on annexe 7.1.2
Step 03 • Inquire the students about the persons with special nutritional
needs
• Introduce the persons with special nutritional needs as follows
while appreciating their answers.
• Pregnant mothers
• Lactating mothers
• Sports men
• Patients
• Heavy workers
• Vegetarians
• Divide the students into six groups
• Provide each group with one of above mentioned category of
persons with special needs.
• Instruct them to gather information about the nutritional needs of
the category they received (instruct them to refer text books)
• Provide feedback and feed forward while engaging in the activity.
• Give the opportunity to present their findings.
• Appreciate the creations and engage in a review based on the
information in the annexe 7.1.3
Step 04
 Each student must be given a card (6” x 3”)
 Advise them to write a myth related to nutrition on each card
 Analyze them by giving a chance to present them by chance
 Make a review through annexe 7.1.4
83
Step 05
 Group the students as suitable
 Give the two advertisements which are in annexe 7.1.5 to them
 Concentrate the students to analyze those advertisements
 Discuss media promotions related food
 Do a review how to have a correct understanding on media
promotions regarding food through the annexe 7.1.6
Step 06
 Group the students as suitable
 Advise them to collect facts regarding how they should pay
attention when selecting a nutritious food
 Give feedback and feed forward during the activity
 Do an analyze through the facts which are in annexe 7.1.7
Basic term concepts: • life cycle, special nutrition needs, myths, nutrition messages
Quality inputs : • Bristol board, cards, marker pens, commercial advertisements

• Annex 7.1.1
• Annex 7.1.2
• Annex 7.1.3
• Annex 7.1.4
• Annex 7.1.5
• Annex 7.1.6
• Annex 7.1.7

 Evaluate the explanation of the variation of nutritional needs according the
various stages of the life cycle.
 Evaluate the understanding about nutritional needs in special instances.
 Evaluate analyzing the myths, beliefs and attitudes regarding nutrition
 Evaluate the presentation of information that should be taken into
consideration when selecting nutritional foods
 Evaluate the team skills, time management and communication skills
84
Weight loss during Annex 7.1.1

Malnutrition during pregnancy
pregnancy
Child born with a

low
Insufficiently developed child in birth weight
terms of height and weight
Higher frequency of being

Decreased development influence by infections
during young age diseases
Decreasement in growth and Insufficient amount of food

development intake
Annex 7.1.2
Nutritional needs according to the life cycle
Nutritional needs in infancy

• As the tissues in brain, bones and muscles grow rapidly in the first two years, it is very
important to provide nutritional foods containing proteins, carbohydrates, lipids,
calcium iron and vitamins.
• Only breast milk is provided for first 06 months
• All the nutrients received from breast milk.
• Although additional foods should be provided after 6 months. Breast feeding is suitable
until 2 years.
• Additional foods that can be given
o rice, green gram, cowpea, gram
o green leaves
o fish, meat, milk, eggs
o fruits
o oil, butter , margarine
• Cleanliness is important in preparation and feeding soon after preparation is needed.
Nutritional needs in childhood
85
• Nutritional needs of boys and girls are equal to a certain extent.

• Nutritional needs vary according to the age, height, weight and activeness
• Proper nutritional needs should be fulfilled for a proper growth, secure health
condition and to reduce the danger in malnutrition.
• As they consume a limited quantity of food for main meals two or three snacks should
be provided.
• Healthy food pattern of this stage prevents causing non-communicable diseases like
diabetes, cardiac problems and cancer in later stages.
Nutritional needs in adolescence

• Balanced nutrition is needed
• Nutritional needs vary according to height weight and activism
• As the height and weight increase rapidly more nutrition is needed.
• Excess proteins, iron, vitamins A. B12, C, D,are folic is needed due to growth
• Foods containing calcium should be given due to the rapid growth of bones.
• (mild, dairy products, green leaves, small fish)
• If the girls of pre adolescence are not provided with proper nutrition
o Puberty gets late
o Improper growth of the new born
o Problems associated with bones arise in pregnancy and adult stage due to
deficiency of calcium
• As anemia can be caused to girls due to the deficiency of iron as a result of
menstruation , more foods rich in iron should be consumed (meat, fish, green leaves,
legumes)
• The rate of metabolic activities of boys are higher than of the girls
• As boys are more active necessity of energy, iodine and vitamin A, B. C is greater.
• As adolescent boys have a greater lean body mass, (weight of the body without fat) they
want more protein for the growth of muscles.
• Adolescents can be directed to avid breakfast, consume instant food, coladrinks,
consume liqueur and smoking so that
• consuming food rich in calories
• consuming nutritious foods
can be limited.
so that,
• Obesity
• Micro nutrient deficiency can be occurred.
86
Nutritional needs in adulthood
• Balanced nutrition is needed

• caloric need varies according to the work engaged
• More calcium and vitamin D should be consumed to prevent from bone weakening
• Necessary amount of proteins should be consumed for proper functioning of the
immune system and repairing tissues.
• Foods that can be easily digested should be consumed
• Foods rich in fiber should be consumed
• Sugar, Salt, Oil rich food that causes diseases should be controlled.
• Foods with less caloric value should be consumed to prevent from obesity
• Foods should be taken according to medical advice for the diseases like diabetes, excess
cholesterol and cardiac problems are present.
Nutritional needs in aged stage

• Balanced nutrition is needed.
• Appetite decrees gradually.
• Limits the necessity of energy generating food and growth related food (due to less
activities)
• Good food habits should be followed if diseases like diabetes, Cardiac problems, excess
cholesterol are present
• More suitable to have food that are easily digested
• Foods rich in fiber should be consumed
• Disease causing food with sugar, salt, oil should be limited
• Foods with a low caloric value should be consumed to prevent from obesity.
• Foods should be taken according to medical advice if the diseases like diabetes,
cholesterol, cardiac problems are present.
87
Annexe 7.1.3
Differences in nutrition according to specific instances
Special nutritional needs in pregnancy
• An optimum nutrition should be maintained during pregnancy to prevent from nutrition

deficiencies after confinement.
• Proper nutrition and more calories are needed for the growth of the embryo as well as
for the proper body functioning of the mother. Daily calorie need is 2700. Foods should
be taken to fulfill that.
• Main meals and extra foods with more nutritive value should be consumed to fulfill the
extra nutritional needs.
• As more foliate is needed in the first few weeks of pregnancy foliate tablets should be
taken daily by women when planning to get a child.
• Food alone may be not sufficient to fulfill the increases in iron and calcium need iron
and calcium tablets should be taken from the maternity clinics.
• Nutrients specially needed in the pregnancy and functions performed by them.
• Carbohydrates – for the growth of the embryo and to supply extra energy for
mother’s body functioning
• Fats- to fulfill the extra energy needs and for the growth of the brain and the nerves
of the embryo (omega 3, fatty acids)
• Proteins – For the growth of the tissues in embryo.
• Calcium – For the growth of bones of the embryo
• Vitamin C – For the absorption of iron and to maintain immunity.
• Iodine – Tor the growth of cells in the embryo
• At least 8 – 10 glasses of water should be consumed daily
• Milk with less fat is suitable apart from full cream milk
• At least one glass of fresh milk should be consumed daily.
• Attentionshould be paid in gaining weight in pregnancy and it varies according to the
BMI value.
• If the weight changes as follows attention should be paid
• BMI value below 18.5 , weight 12.5 – 18.5 kg
• between 18.5 -24.9, weight 11.5 kg – 16 kg
• between 25 – 29.9, weight 7.0 kg – 11.5 kg.
• over 30 weight 6.8 kg
Special needs of a lactating mother

• As the child is fed only with breast milk in the first 6 months. The mother should have a
proper nutrition.
88
• More carbohydrates should be consumed as the caloric need is greater than that of
pregnancy. Daily calorie need is 3200 kilo calories.
• More calcium should be obtained as breast milk that produce about 850 ml a day is rich
in calcium
• Extra meals should be taken to fulfill the caloric needs.
• Calcium and vitamins should be taken in proper quantities.
Special nutritional needs of a patient

• Providing suitable foods according to the medical advice
• Providing easily digesting food
• Providing suitable amounts of food in proper time
• Providing foods with less sugar, spice, Oil and chilies
• Providing liquid, semisolid, Solid food according to the necessity
Special nutritional needs of a vegetarian
• As majority of plant foods do not consist of complete proteins with essential amino
acids, to obtain complete proteins, protein rich foods like legumes together with grains
should be consumed.
• Examples –
Cowpea, gram, green gram, with rice
• Milk rice with green gram
• Consuming substitute foods like soya beans. Tofu can be added as a soya
products.
• Addition of dark green leaves, seeds, grains with bran to the meals, daily to fulfill
the necessity of calcium, zinc and iron.
• Addition of plant oil/oil containing seeds to the meals for obtaining amino acids
Omega 3 and Omega 6 (almond, kottamba, cashew, ground nuts)
• Addition of food with vitamin C to the meals to make the absorption of vitamin C
easy in vegetarian foods
• Vegetarians should obtain calcium and protein by consuming dairy foods daily.
Dairy products like cheese, curd and yoghurt should be added to meals daily.
Annexe 7.1.4
Myths about nutrition
• Expensive foods available are in the market is always rich in nutritive value
• Proteins, amino acids, vitamins and minerals needed for the body can be obtained only
from animal protein.
• Less nutrition is obtained from vegetarian food
• Consuming brinjal is not suitable for arthritis
89
• Eating meat and fish should be avoided in days of menstruation

• The baby should be fed by the milk after removing water like colorless liquid secreted
from the breast at the beginning
• Large fruits are more nutritious
• Fruits likes jambu (rose apple) jamanaran should not be given to small children
• Small fish are not nutritious
• Disease conditions like phlegm, bile, arthritis causes from some foods.
• Green leaves should not be consumed for dinner.
• Pregnant mother should not consume small fish
• Pregnant mothers should not drink warm wate
Annexe 7.1.5
90
Annexe 7.1.6
Communication of messages regarding nutrition
Correct clear understanding and analytical comprehension is needed about the messages
given regarding nutrition, messages given regarding food and nutrition by various media are
not always correct. Acceptance at once and responding to these messages should be done
after inquiring them.Given below are a few messages that should be made tomake aware the
others.
• Using garlic, cinnamon, ginger, goraka, curry leaves turmeric as spices in place of
artificial flavors.
• By minimizingthe consumption of foods with high sugar, oil and salts can
minimize the non-communicablediseases like diabetes and heart diseases.
• Addition of dairy product to the daily meals
• Drinking 1.5l – 2.l of water daily
• Avoiding junk food
• Not avoiding breakfast
• Using iodate salt and containing iodate salt in brown coloured bottles. keeping
them in places where sunlight does not fall directly
• Consuming the foods with various natural colours daily (yellow/orange/white
/green)
• Consuming the food with various tastes daily (bitter, sweet, sour, salt)
• Menu should be prepared according to the food pyramid that leads the daily food
pattern
• The price of a food item does no give on idea about nutritive value. Being
expensive does not show that the food item is nutritious
• Consuming foods that are prepared at home is more suitable
• Natural fruit beverages should be consumed in place of sweetened and carbonated
beverages.
• Dried seeds should be immersed in water at least 6hours before preparation
• More nutrition can be gained by cooking germinated seeds like green gram and
cowpea
• Nutritive value increases by the addition of coconut, limejuice and Maldives fish
to green leaves.
• More nutrition can be obtained by mixing a few food items. Example – Milk rice
with green gram
• Simple traditional menu are rich in nutritive value. Example – Hathmaluwa.
91
Annexe 7.1.6
Contribution of the individual in selecting nutritious food

• Selecting food considering about nutritive value
• When buying canned, bottled and packed food, proper reading of the label and
understanding is essential
• Avoid from buying expired food
• selecting natural foods as much as possible
• Not selecting wilted vegetables, green leaves and fruits
• Buying small fish in place of big fishand fish with red gills and bright eyes.
• Avoid buying smashed Cannes of food
• Minimizing the selection of processed , junk and instant foods
• Avoid from selecting the food items containing artificial flavorscolorings dyes and
preservatives
• Selecting local fresh vegetables and fruits is suitable
• Consuming parboiled rice and rice with bran (double polished rice in not suitable)
• Selecting fresh local vegetables and fruits (foods item that are produced in own area is
more suitable)
92
Competency 8.0 : Conforms to an efficient lifestyle while maintaining the wonder

of the body.
Competency Level 8.1 : Follows healthy practices to maintain the external appearance.
No of periods : 03
Learning Outcome: • Explains the wonder of body parts related with external
appearance,
• Follows the wonder protecting healthy practices.
• Avoid from the behaviors that obstructs the external appearance of
the relevant body parts.
Instructions for the preparation of learning, teaching process :-

Step 01 • Exhibit the two pictures in annexe 8.1.1 to the students.
• Discuss that the external appearance of a person is good at one
instance and not in the other.
• Note down the factors that influence on the pleasant external
appearance
• Following body parts are important for a pleasant external
appearance of a person.
• Skin • ears • hair • lips • nails
• fingers • teeth • eyes
Step 02 • Divide the class into four groups Divide the body parts into four
groups a follows.
group No 01 – ears, eyes
group No 02 – lips, teeth
group No 03 – fingers, nails
group No 04 - Skin, hair
• Guide the students to list out the wonders of the relevant body
parts and the steps that should be followed to protect the
wonder.
• conduct a review based on annex 8.1.1
 Give feedback and feed forward as needed
Basic term concepts: • epidermis

• Dimensional vision
• diphyodont
• Fine grip
• Power grip
93
Quality inputs: • Two large pictures of the same person with a pleasant appearance
and an unpleasant appearance

 Inquire the wonderful conditions of skin, hair, ears, lips fingers and legs.
 Inquire the health practices that help to protect the wonder of the above
mentioned body parts. Evaluate the team skills.
Annexe 8.1.1
Annexe 8.1.2
Teacher's guideline
• Wonder of the skin

• Provides anexternal appearance to the body.
• Protect the internal organs by external forces
• Regulations the body temperature
• Protects the skin by the outer epidermis
• Synthesis of vitamin D using sunlight.
• Responds to the external stimuli
• Being rough at certain places of the skin
• Healthy practices to protect the wonder of the skin.

 Consuming nutritious food
 Drinking a sufficient amount of water
 Keeping the skin clean
 Protecting from sun rays with high intensity.
 Protecting from the mechanic accidents.
 Avoiding the application of unsuitable creams and ointments.
94
• Wonder of hair
 Minimizes the damages to the head caused by accidents.
 Generation of new hair in place of hair removing daily
 Being the hair above the skin lifeless.
 Continuous growth
• Healthy practices to protect the wonder of hair.
 Consuming nutritious foods
 keeping the hair clean
 Covering the hair when walking in the hot sun.
 Applying only a suitable herbal oil
 Avoid using unsuitable artificial creams/ ointments.
• Wonder of nails
• Giving protection to finger tips
• Being the ends of the nails made with nonliving cells.
• Continuous growth
• Healthy practices to protect the wonder of nails
 Keeping the nails trimmed short and clean
 Avoid using artificial nail polish
 Protecting from the accidents caused by nails.
 Avoid from biting nails.
• Wonders of teeth
 Occurrence of teeth at two times (diphyodont)
 Presence of teeth adapted for chewing various types of food
 Needed to pronounce letters
 Providing protection to the tooth by the hard enamel.
 Protecting the shape of the face.
• Healthy practices to protect the wonder of teeth.
 Keeping the teeth clean by bushing aftermeals.
 Minimizing the consumption of sweet food and beverages
 Using suitable tooth pastes and a suitable brush.
 Preventing from actions that cause damage to teeth ( Example Removing
bottle caps using teeth)
 Avoid consuming too hot or cold foods and beverages.
 Examining teeth from a dental surgeon.
 Avoid from chewing betel and smoking.
• Wonders of eyes
 Secreting tears to destroy germs that enter the eyes.
 Minimizing the damages caused to the eye by instant closure of them.
95
 Preventing the entrance of foreign substances to the eye by eyelids and

eyebrows.
 Obtaining a bid dimensional vision (ability to see the same range by both
eyes) as the eyes are located in the front of the face.
• Healthy practices to protect the wonder of the eyes

 Addition of foods that is rich with vitamin A in sufficient amounts to
daily meals.
 Preventing from the accidents that cause damage to the eyes.
 Using ultra voile ray protected sunglasses.
 Minimizing the time with the computer and the television and keeping
them at a suitable distance/ using protective instruments
 Examining his eyes by an eye surgeon when needed
 Avoid from
 Washing the eye with clean water when a foreign substance enters the
eye.
 Avoid introducing any substance to the eye without medical advice.
 Supplying sufficient rest to the eyes
 Doing suitable eye exercises.
• Wonders of the ears

• Ability to produce ear wax for the protection of the ears.
• Being the ear drum located at the far end of the auditory canal
• Having pinna for directing sound to the auditory canal
 Presence of a thin tube connecting the middle ear and the mouth for
equalizing the pressure of the middle ear with the atmospheric pressure.
 Health practices to protect the wonder of the ear.

 Avoid removes ear wax from entering various things to the ear.
 Avoid exposing to high sounds
 Avoid using various instruments connected to ear unless there is a
defect or disease (example ear phones)
 Minimize the use of mobile phones
 E.N.T surgeon when needed
 Wonders of the lips
• Ability to prevent escaping food from the mouth while chewing
• Helping to suck when taking liquid food
• Help to talk and to make sounds.
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• For the beauty of the face and to show various emotions (example
wonder anger) and to smile.
• Being the skin of the lips smooth
• Healthy practices of protecting the wonder of the lips
• Avoid taking too hot and too cold food
• Avoid using lipsticks
• Protecting from accidents that cause wounds
• Consuming nutrias foods daily
• Avoid chewing betel
• Avoid smoking and consuming liquor
• Wonders of the fingers.
• Ability to shake the thumb in any direction
• Ability of power grip (using large muscles) and fine grip (using small
muscles) from the fingers in the hand.
• Ability to identify the fine touches due to of nerve ends in the finger
tips.
• Friction occurs due to having lines in fingers of hand and foot.
• Supplying a protection due to having nails at the free end of the fingers.
• The lines of the fingers differ from person to person.
• Healthy practices to protect the wonder of the fingers.

• Protecting the fingers of the hand and foot from accidents.
• Keeping the fingers clean.
• Wearing gloves and boots when needed (Not suitable to using these for
a long duration)
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Competency 9.0 : Acts to maintain the fitness for a life.
Competency Level 9.1 : Acts to develop health related Fitness factors, while
concerning about them
No of periods : 06
Learning Outcome: • Name the factors of health related fitness.

 Explains the tests of health related fitness.
 Engages in the tests of health related fitness.
 Explains the actions to be taken to maintain the optimum level of
health related fitness.
 Maintains the time management, communication, work in
cooperation, team skills etc.
Step 01:
 Inquire about the health relate fitness using the previous
knowledge of the students.
 Lead a discussion by highlighting the following factors.
 Health related fitness is a collection of factors while
contribute to better maintenance of day to day health
condition.
 Factors of health related fitness are as follows.
 Cardio respiratory endurance
 Muscular endurance
 Flexibility
 Body composition
 Can identify the level of the above fitness factors in one self
by engaging in tests.
 It is important to identify the fitness level for the maintaining
of proper level of factors and also further improvement.
Step 02:
 Engage the students in the following fitness tests.
 Engage the students in the continuous running (boys 800m / girls
600m) or beep test as follows to measure the cardiorespiratory in
annexe 9.1.1
 Arrange the running track as suitable and engage the students in
the activity if going to do the continuous running test.(boys 800m /
girls 600m)
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 Explain that run the relevant distance within shortest possible time
along the running track is the method of this test. (boys 800m /
girls 600m)
 Walking also can apply when there is any difficulty of running.
 Engage the girls and the boys separately in running.
 Line up the students at the starting line and start with the standing
start according to the signal given.
 Record the running time of each student.
 Evaluate about the fitness levels of the students’ according to the
grids in annexe 9.1.6
 Engage the students in the following activity according to the
annexe 9.1.1 for the beep test.
 Group the students in two teams as ‘A’ and ‘B’.
 Name one assistant student from team ‘B’ for the each student of
team ‘A’
 Advise team ‘B’ to get ready to keep records of the relavant
students from team ‘A’ while they line up at the starting line to
start the test.
 Hold the team ‘A’ test by playing the beep voice disk.
 Check that whether team ‘B’ has recorded the test results
accurately.
 Direct team ‘A’to keep records and team ‘B’ to do the test as same
as the above.
 Evaluate the results using the grid 9.1.1.
Step 03: Engage the students as follows in the tests of standing long jump
or vertical jumpin annexe 9.1.2 to measure the muscular strength
 Engage the students in the activity as follows for th standing long
jump test.
 Demonstrate the students the way of jumping and the way of
measuring the standing long jump test in annexe 9.1.2 and
describe the way of recording the results.
 Group the class in to four and implement the 1st group to jump
and the 2nd to measure and remain to keep the records.
 Impliment all the four in the test as above.
 Evaluate the students’ fitness levels by using the grid in annexe
9.1.6 after all completed the test.
Engage the students in the activity as follows for the vertical
jump test.
 Demonstrate the students the way of jumping and the way of
measuring the vertical jump test in annexe 9.1.2. and describe the
way of recording the results.
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 Do the test by grouping the students as same as the above and

evaluate the students’ fitness levels by using the grid in annexe
9.1.6
Step 04: engage the students in the Sit-ups test or Push-ups test in annexe
9.1.3 to measure the muscular endurance.
Sit-ups test
 Demonstrate the student for the sit-ups test in annexe 0.1.3 and
explain the way of counting repetitions, way of recording the
results.
 Group the class in to three and implient the one group to do the
sti-ups and the another to assist him and remain to record the
results.
 Implement all three students in the test as above.
 Evaluate the students’ fitness levels by using the grid in annexe
9.1.6 after all completed the test.
Push-ups test
 Demonstrate the push-ups test to the students in annexe 9.1.3 and
explain the way of counting the repititions and the way of
recording the results.
 Do the test as same as the above method and evaluate about the
student’sfitness levels by using the grid in annexe 9.1.6
Step 05: Engage the students in the Sit and reach test or stand and bend
forward test in annexe 9.1.4 to measure the flexibility.
Sit and reach test

 Demonstrate the sit and reach test in annexe 9.1.4 and explain the
way of recording the results of the students.
 Group the class by three and implement one with the test, one to
assist and the remain to record the results.
 Engage all three students in the test as above.
 Evaluate the students’ fitness levels by using the grid in annexe
9.1.6
Stand and bend forward test
 Demonstrate the stand and bend forward test as in annexe 9.1.4

and explain the way of recording the results to the students.
 Do the test as same as the above and evaluate the students’ fitness
levels by using the grid in annexe 9.1.6.
Step 06: Engage the students as follows in the BMI activity in annexe 1 to
measure the body composition.
 Instruct the students in a previous day to measure their height and
weight or engage the students to measure their height and weight
on the same day.
100
 Instruct them to find out the Body Mass Index using the
following formula.
Body Mass Index = weight (kg)

Height x Height(m)
 Instruct them to define the findings according to the instructions
given by the competency 1.1 in the grade 06 Teachers’ guide.
Quality inputs:
 Result sheets
 Stop watches
 600m/800m test:
 Clapper or the whistle for the start
 A suitable arranged ground for 600m/800m run.

Beep test:
 Beep voice disk and player or
 Stop watch and whistle
 An even ground which can make 20m
 25 tape
 Ground markings
Standing long jump test:

 A long jump pit or other landing area
 A measuring tape
Vertical jump test:

 A measure scale connected to a wall
 Colour chalk
Sit – ups:
 Carpets to lay down
 Stop watches
 A whistle
Push - ups test:
 Stop watches
 A whistle
Sit and reach test:
 A box which connected a measure scale as in figure 9.1.11
Stand and bend forward test:
 A box which connected a measure scale as in figure 9.1.12

BMI test:
 Weighing scales
 Measuring scale which connected to a wall to measure the height.
 BMI analyzing chart
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Annexe 9.1.1
Teacher’s Guidelinec
Health related fitness tests.
Cardio Respiratory endurance tests. Here are two measuring tests for this. They are,
1. Continuous running 800m boys / 600m girls.
2. Beep test
Select one test from the above according to the facilities available in the school.
1. Continuous running test 800m boys / 600m girls.

 Arrange a running track as suit to run 800m / 600m
 Group the students as suitable and line up them per one team at the starting line.
 Engage the students in the run to a signal using a standing start.
 On the stop watch with the starting.
 Record the time of each athlete after the end of the race.
 Evaluate upon the time by using the grids 9.1.4 and 9.1.5
2. Beep test – measure the cardio respiratory endurance.
(Fig 9.1)
This is a standard test which uses to measure the cardio respiratory endurance. Measure
the maximum running distance of a person in according to the time table which increase
gradually is the methodology of this. Run should be done according to a time table as 20
m forward etc. in here (fig 8.1) It is necessary the beep voice tape here to run according to
relevant speed table.
 Running continuously between 20 m distance according to the recorded beep is the
method of this test.
 Student stand behind the line by facing the other line starts the run according to the
beep signal.
 Have to keep a slow run at the start as the gap among the beep signals.
 Student runs between the two lines by turning back according to the beep signals
given. Should have to maintain a same speed during the first minute as it has the
same speed during the 1st minute as it has the same time gap of beep signals.
102
 After about a minute (after 07 beep signals) a signal will be given to increase the
running speed and time gap between two beep signals is decreasing here.
 After every minute a signal will be given to notice that the time gap is decreasing
and the student should increase the running speed level according to that.
 If the student came to the front line before the beep signal, He should wait there
until the beep signal to run back.
 If the student fails to reach the front line before the beep signal a warning will be
given to the student and he should continuously run to the front line.
 Then he should run back and arrange the running speed with in coming two beep
signals as suitable to the relevant speed level
 Should eliminate from the run if fails to reach the line (at last 2m close to the line)
with in two beep signals after a warning.
Speed table which prepare for a beep test is given below (grid 9.1.1). It is easy to have a
beep voice tape via the internet which is needed for the test.
It is very important to get a fitness certificate from a doctor for each student if hope
to get engage in 1220m or above run.
Level Shuttles Shuttle Runing Cumulative Cumultive

Time Speed Distance Time
(Seconds) (kmpH) (m) (Minutes)
1 7 9.00 8.0 140 1:03
2 8 8.00 9.5 300 2:2
3 8 7.58 10.0 460 3:08
4 9 7.20 10.5 640 4:12
5 9 6.86 11.0 820 5:14
6 10 6.55 11.5 1020 6:20
7 10 6.26 12.0 1220 7:22
8 11 6.00 12.5 1440 8:28
9 11 5.76 13.0 1660 9:31
10 11 5.54 13.5 1880 10:32
11 12 5.33 14.5 2120 11:36
12 12 5.14 14.5 2360 12:38
13 13 4.97 15.0 2620 13:43
14 13 4.80 15.5 2880 14:45
Grid 9.1.1
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 Grid 9.1.2 uses for:

 The evaluation after the test
 Running distance is calculated by considering the number of the level and the
shuttle.
 As an example, running result will be ¾ if he completed the 4th shuttle of the 3rd
level.
 Using the evaluation table, can decide the cardiorespiratory endurance of the student
upon that result.
Boys Girls
Excellent 9/9> 8/8>
Good 8/10 -9/8 6/5 -7/5
Average 7/5 – 8/9 6/5 – 7/5
Satisfactory 6/2 -7/4 5/3 – 6/4
Weak 4/7 -6/1 3/4 -5/2
Grid 9.1.2
Annexe 9.1.2
Among the several tests to be measured the muscular strength, two tests can be done
according to the facilities available in Sri Lankan schools are given below.
1. Standing long jump test

2. Vertical jump test
Engage the students in a suitable test by considering the facilities available in your school.
1. Standing long jump test.
(fig 9.1.2)
 Student get ready by keeping the two feet close near the takeoff line as shown in the
fig. 9.2.
 Jumps as far as possible by bending knees, swinging arms as a support for the
forward push.
 Can use a long jump pit for the landing and if not, a ground with grass.
104
 Give two chances for each student and record the longest distance as the best
performance.
 Can evaluate by using the grid 9.1.4 and 9.1.5 upon to the distance of the jump.
2. Vertical jump test.
(fig 9.3)
 Fix a measuring scale to a wall.

 Stand by closing the heels and one side of the body close to the measure scale as
shown in figure 9.3
 Stretch the body as wide as to upward while keep contacting the ground with the
feet and mark the highest point with a chalk.
 The jump up by bending the knees and swing the arms to mark a point with a chalk
above the previous point
 Measure the difference between the two points in to the nearest centimeter by using
the fixed scale on the wall.
 Give two chances for each student and record the biggest difference of each student
as the best performance.
 Can evaluate using the grid 9.1.4. and 9.1.5. by considering the difference between
the two marks.
Two tests to measure the muscular endurance are given below.
1. Sit ups
2. Push ups
105
Engage the students in a test out of the above.

1. Sit up test.
fig 9.1.4 fig 9.1.5
(fig 9.4)
 Lying upwards and bend knees while bringing the heels towards the body as shown in
the figure 9.4.
 Keep the hands behind the head by interlacing the fingers.
 Take a support of another student to keep the feet stable on the ground.
 From the ready position to lift up the upper body as perpendicular to the ground and
again back to the ready position is concerned as a repetition of sit ups as shown in the
figure.
 Number of sit ups which completed within a minute is concerned as his performance.
 Evaluate using the grid 9.1.4 and 9.1.5 upon that number of sit ups.
2. Push up test.
 Ready position of the push-ups for the girls as follows.
fig 9.1.7
fig 9.1.7
106
fig 9.1.10
 Stretch the hands from elbows as to make them erect, while both arms and the bowl of
the feet on the ground as shown in the fig 9.6
 Focus the relaxed fingers forward, by maintaining the shoulder level width between the
palms.
 Ready position of the push-ups for the girls is as follows.
 Stretch the hands from elbows as to make them erect, while both arms and the bowl of
the feet on the ground as shown in the fig 9.5
 Focus the relaxed fingers forward, by maintaining the shoulder level width between the
palms.
 Lift up the legs burbling
 Then bring down the body erectly until the chest touches the ground, while moving the
body weight to the hands as shown in the fig 9.1.5. and 9.1.6.
 Again bring back to the starting position by keeping the body erectly while bearing the
body weight with stretched hands.
 As bring down the body and again bring up the body is concern as one repetition in
this activity.
 Calculate the number of repetition in this activity
 Calculate the number of repetitions within 30 seconds and evaluate using the grid 9.1.4
and 5.1.5
Anexxe 9.1.4
Two tests to measure flexibility are as follows
1. Sit and reach test

2. Sand and bend forward test
Engage the students in a test from above.
 Sit and reach test
Fig 9.1.11
107
 Students sit on the ground and stretch forward the legs while fitting the feet on the box
at forward.
 Legs should be tightening to the ground as them not to bend at knees.
 Student should stretch the arms as far as towards along the measure tape while palming
towards the ground. He must stay at his maximum until the assistant counts 03.
 Do the measure as considering “0” is the point where the feet touch the upper plane of
the box.
 Consider that the finger tips below from that point is “minus (-) and the finger tips
away point is “plus” (+)
 Do the evaluation by using the grid 9.1.4. and 9.1.5 upon most measures.
 Stand and bend forward test
Fig 9.8
 Student stands on the box or bench while keeping 30cm gap between the two legs.
 Stretch the arms downwards as far as possible along the measuring tape while palming
downwards the body.
 Stay at the maximum till the assistant counts 03.
 Measure by considering the upper plane of the box is ‘0’
 Consider that the finger tips which doesn’t exceed and that point is “minus (-) and the
finger tips exceed point is “plus” (+)
 Do the evaluation by using the grid 9.1.4. and 9.1.5 upon most measures
Annexe 9.1.5
Measure the body composition.

 Though there are several tests to measure the body composition, we can use the , BMI
test in accordance to the facilities available in schools
 The way of measuring and calculating the BMI is described in the competency level 01
in grade 6 Health and Physical education Teachers’ Guide.
 According to that can do the BMI test again in this grade and the evaluation as well.
Test evaluation grids.
108
Boys
109
3rdTerm
03
4.2 Applies knots and lashings appropriate to the
4.0 Spends leisure effectively situation when engaging in outdoor activities.
by engaging in
03
organized sports and 4.3 Hold compare for effective use of leisure
outdoor activities
4.4. Cooks meals outdoors to use leisure effectivly
02
5.0 Utilizes the specific 5.3 Uses plop technique correctly in high jump. 02
abilities developed 5.4 Throws correctly using power position
through participation in 02
athletics for the tasks of
life
6.0 Acts socially by 6.1 Conform to the ethics and social values by 02
conforming to the rules following rules and regulations.
and ethics of sports
04
9.0 Acts to maintain the 9.2 Improves the factors of psychosocial fitness
fitness for a healthy life while inquiring them
10.1 Faces the challenges successfully while

acting with sexuality in a responsible
10.0Leads a happy life manner. 03
successfully facing the 10.2 Faces the social challenges with confidence
obstacles in day to day life by identifying them
04
110
Competency 4.0 : Spends leisure effectively by engaging in sports and outdoor

activities
Competency Level 4.2 : Applies knots and lashings appropriate to the situation when
engaging in outdoor activities..
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Explains the benefits of different knots

• Explains the benefits of different lashings
• Uses the knots and lashings appropriate to the situation

Step 01 • Advise every student to bring a string about 1m.
• Advise them to tie the ends of the string together as they know
• Exhibit the students’ creations and evaluate them
 Lead the discussion by highlighting the following factors.
• Have to use different knots in different situations.
• Different types of lashings are necessary to keep together of two
ticks or same objects.
• Benefits are different of knots and lashings.
• Introduce the benefits of knots and lashings to the students
while demonstrating them as mentioned in annexe 4.2.1
• Reef knot – In bandaging and tying together of two ropes.
• Sheet Bend – To Bond the ropes with different thicknesses
• Clove hitch – To tighten a rope to a stick, to the bucket hook,
to tie the scaffoldings.
• Bowline – To make a non – skid knot for life saving tasks.
• Square lashing – To tightly tie the two sticks horizontally.
• Sheer lashing – To tightly tie the two sticks parallel.
 Introduce the following factors that should be concerned

when using the knots and lashings.
• A knot or lashing can loosen easily by not applying it
accurately.
• Accidents can be occurred due to the loosening or uniting of a
knot or lashing.
 It is difficult to untie the knot or lashing easily when necessary
as them not applied properly.
• Accurate knot can afford a great weight even
• Can do our tasks easily and quickly by applying the knots and
lashings accurately.
111
Step 02 • Prepare six places in the ground by putting the following goods
on six places.
• Two parts of strings and information sheet about the reef knot.
• A part of a rope a string and information sheet about the sheet
bend
• Astick, a string and an information sheet about the clove hitch
• A little long string and an information sheet about the bowline
• Two poles, a string and information sheet about the square
lashing.
• Two poles, a string and information sheet about the sheer
lashing.
• Divide the class into six groups
• Direct groups to the prepared places for the groups
• Advise them to apply the knots and lashings according to the
information sheet.
• Rotate the teams as each group to the each place.
• Give the feedback and feed forward to each group.
• Advise to practice further more on these knots and lashings as
them necessary to day to day activities.
Basic term concepts : • knots, Lashings, Reef knot, Sheet bend, Clove Hitch , Bowline,
Square lashing, Sheer lashing.
Quality inputs : • 4 parts of strings about 1m

• 3 parts of strings about 1.5 m
• 5 sticks about the size of the broom pole in length of 1m
• Information sheets about applying the knots and lashings.

 Evaluate the naming of knots and lashings.
 Evaluate the demonstration of accurate applying of knots and lashings
 Evaluate the presentation of situations which use the knots and lashings in
the life.
 Evaluate the team skills, leadership skills and fellowship skills.
112
Annexe 4.2.1
Information Sheet
Reef Knot
Keep the ends of the two ropes in each hand. Place the
rope in the left hand on the rope in the right hand. Now hold
the rope end that has come to the right handside, with the
right hand and take it under and over the rope. Next bend the
rope in the left hand again and place it under the end of rope
in the right hand. Now a loop is formed with rope end to the
right. Now take the end of rope that has come to the right
over the rope of the loop, send it inside and pull to the sides.
Now the Reef knot has been created.
This knot can be used to tie together two ropes of equal size. It is also used when using asling.
Main advantage of the knot is ability to tighten or loosen quickly. To tighten the knot, two ends
on both sides are pulled, and to loosen the ends are pushed. Flat nature of the knot is an
additional advantage.
Sheet Bend :
Used to join two different types of ropes. Make a loop at
the end of one rope. Hold the loop in the left hand and
take the end of the other rope in the right hand. Take the
rope end in the right hand, under, over and round under
the loop and under the same rope, pull the four ends to the
sides to create the sheet bend.
This knot can be used to pull something tight. To tie a
clothline, to tie a string to a cloth, this knot can be used.
Bowling Knot
This knot is important in life saving activities. This is how a loop is made
without getting loose. The loop has to be made at the end of the rope with
required size and insert the free end of the other rope in the loop. Take the
end around the loop and insert again. Then tight. This knot is used to make a
tight knot, to make cloth line or to tight a rope with a cloth.
113
Clove Hitch
This knot can be used to tie a rope tightly to a stick. Non slip
nature of the knot is of importance.
Select a vertical post. Hold the rope in both hands with about one
foot width and the end of the rope in the right hand. (The width
may vary depending on the diameter of the post.) Take the rope
end in the right hand behind the post from right to left, taking it
under the rope in left hand, turn it one round over the first turn as earlier. Lastly send it between
the post and the start of the second turn and pull the ends to the sides. Clove hitch will be
created.
Square Lashing
Can be considered as a lashing to join two logs together. Place
the two logs crossed. Close to the crossing, tie the log behind
with clove hitch. Lash the two logs tightly, as in the figure.
Finish lashing with clove hitch.
Sheet Lashing
Considered as a lashing to tie two logs as in the figure. Tie one
log with clove hitch. Lash two logs lightly as in figure. Send
several lashings between the logs to tighten the earlier lashing.
Finish with clove hitch.
114

activities
Competency Level 4.3 : Hold campfire for effective use of leisure
No of periods : 03
Learning Outcome: • Explains the necessity of preparing fires

• Prepares the campfires into different methods
• Presents the songs and drums in fires
• Actuates the organized fire displays

Step 01 • Ask from the students about the instances that have to prepare
the fires.
• Introduce the following instances as the display events of fires
while admiring the students' ideas.
• Night camps
• Outdoor activities
• Funtrips
• Scout camps
• Direct the students use the textbook and study about the various
types of preparing fires in fire displays.
• Describe that ways of preparing fires are as follows according to
the annexe 4.3.1
• Pyramid fire
• A fire / Triangular fire
• Rectangular fire
• Reflector fire
• Discus about the benefits of fires as including the following
factors
• To get light
• to get rid of the cold/To get heat
• To cook or roast meals
• For protection (protect from animals and to chase away)
• To use as a signal
• To identify the happiness, enjoy, knowledge, creativity, abilities
and disabilities.
• Following factors to be concerned when preparing the fires
115
• Get the permission from relevant authorities and the owners of the
land.
• Aware about the climatic conditions
• Inform the Surrounded community
• Collect the wood day before the fire
• Not to use the valuable woods
• Take action to remove the insects in the wood
• Not wearing the relax and hanging cloths when set the fire
• Being prepared with wet gunny, water buckets, and row leaf
branches in case of emergency.
• Be responsible not to let the fire become large as unnecessary
• Completely extinguish and clean the fireplace at the end
• Be certified about the safety of self and others as well.
Step 02 • Ask from the students about the songs and dramas which use
in fire displays.
• Give the chance to the students to sing such songs(can use the
annex 4.3.2)
• Explain that following skills and chances can be derived
throughout the fire displays.
• Development of presenting skills
• Development of creative skills
• To refresh the day
• To have the fun
• To explore the own culture
• To build up the unity
• To summarize the workout of the day
Step 03 • Divide the students into four groups. Give each team a board
which mentioned about the each type of fire.
• Instruct the each team to prepare the fire, according to the relevant
topic
• Advise them to collect the following goods day before the fire.
• 3 wide chump and wood pieces as required – To prepare the 'A"
fire.
• 5 wide chumps and wood pieces as required – To prepare the
reflector fire
• 4 wide chumps and wood pieces a required – To prepare the
pyramid fire
• Brochures of song and drama plans which use in fire displays
116
Step 04 • Direct the students into relevant 04 places on the day of fires and
give the relevant information sheets.
• Engage the students in the task.
• Evaluate the students by motivating while giving instructions
where required.
• Give the chance to sing the songs and present the dramas after
the fire
• Evaluate the creative skills
• Be responsible not to harm anyone by those creations
• Implement the students to sing patriotic songs all the time
• Guide the students to repeat these creations in leisure time.
Basic term concepts : • fire display ' A" fire, reflector fire, rectangular fire, Pyramid fire.
Quality inputs : • 18 wide chumps, wood pieces ad required, 04 information sheets

(including relevant fire descriptions)

 Describes the instances which use the fire displays.
 Creates the different shaped fires
 Presents the songs and dramas in fire display
 Utilizes the own experiences in day to day life.
Annexe 4.3.1
Information sheet
How to make a Campfire

• The area around the expected campfire should be cleaned first.
• If it’s an area with grass it should be removed in sods.
• Around the campfire to be lit, an enclosure is constructed using large logs with an entrance
to it.
Fig 4.3.1
117
• Next several sticks should be laid on the ground as

shown below. If the ground is wet, it’s very
essential.
• On these sticks, spread materials like saw dust,
paddy husk, dry leaves or straw.
• Next, construct the type of expected campfire,
when piling up the firewood, they should be placed
not to touch one another.
Different types of campfire

(1) ‘A’ Fire:
fig- 4.3.3
Placing three thick firewood logs horizontally or vertically as shown in the figure and by
placing pieces of firewood on it ‘A’ shape fire can be constructed.
(2) Reflector Fire :
Firewood logs are placed one above the other slanting to
two vertically fixed logs. Three logs are placed
rectangularly in front of it. Firewood is heaped up within
it and this fire is created.
fig 4.3.4
118
(3) Rectangular Fire Logs are arranged rectangular as in the figure. Firewood is
spread within it and this fire is created.
fig 4.3.5
(4) Pyramid Fire
This fire is created by placing pieces of
firewood crosswise one set over the other give
a pyramid shape as shown in the figure. As it
goes higher you should use smaller firewood.
fig 4.3.6
Campfire Display Songs
Songs used in campfire are mostly with the scout movement. Songs to increase patriotism and
other meaningful songs can also be used. Given below are several specific songs that can be
used in campfire displays.
Ging Gang GuliGuli

Ging Gang GuliGuliGuliGuli Watch Watch
Ging Gang Go Ging Gang Go //
Hela ... HelaShela ... HelaShelaHelaHo ...
ShelawalishelawaliShelawaliShelawali
VombuckVombuckVombuckVombuck //
Seeyabulathwitakotai
Seeyabulathwitakotai – rasa kathakiyai
Rasa kathakiyai – bulathwitakotai.
Raja rajarajarajakatha – gamagamagamagamakatha
Raja kathagamakathadanneseeyamai.
119
Annexe 4.3.2
Allapanmaalu
Allapanmaalugodaadapanmaalu //
Modarawellemaalukannarasaimaalu
Panamegodaigoda panama///
Padimupadimuoruwa
Padimupadimuoruwapahalagangadige
Mihirimihirimihirimihirijeewithe
Biththare
Biththaresudumade – biththarekahamade
Biththaresudumadekahamade
Biththarekahamadebiththaresudumade
Kahamadesudumadepudumade//
Apiwemuekamawakagedaruwo
Apiwemuekamawakagedaruwo
Ekaniwasewesena
Ekapatathiekarudiraya we
Apa kaya thulathibena
Ebawinapawemusoyurusoyuriyo
Sirilakathulaweseena
Jeewathwenaapimemaniwase
Sondinasitinayuthu we
Samata meth karunagunehi

Welisamagidamini
Ran mini muthunowaeyamathasapatha
Kisi kalanomadirana
Select suitable English songs for campfire and sing them.
120

activities
Competency Level 4.4 : Cooks meals outdoors to use leisure effectively
No of periods : 03
Learning Outcome: • Creates the equipment which needs to cook outdoors.

• Registers the goods which need to cook outdoors.
• Cooks outdoor
• Derives enjoyment through engage in cooking outdoor

Step 01 • Ask from the students about the way of eating and way of
making the food of ancient people.
•Lead a discussion to highlight the following factors.
 The ancient man ate meat, fruits, and yams for their food
 They had row food at the beginning
• Get used to cook the food after the invention of fire.
• Different types of hearths being used to cook.
• There are set of needs to cook outdoors
• A suitable place should select to cook outdoors
• Available resources should be used to cook the food, outdoor or
in camping activities.
Step 02 • Divide the students into o4 or 08 groups

• Give one method each which canselecteach equipment through the
information sheet.
• Prepare the following equipment by each group respectively.
• Ditch hole stove
• Tin can stove
• Green stick stove
• Flat rock stove
• Tennis racket boiler
• Meat roasting bracket
Step 03 • Let them to observe others, to find the errors or find the improving
methods as changing teams.
• Prepare a list of meals which can cook outdoors by using these
hearths
121
Step 04 • Discuss with the students about the importance of outdoor cooking
and decide a suitable day (weekend or holiday) for that.
• Cooking place, Types of food to be cooked, Hearths to be
prepared, Goods to bring etc. are divided and appointed to the
groups.
Step 05 • Enjoy with the students in cooking, outdoor and eat the meals,
on a weekend.
(Roughly ask the parents to not to participate)

• Three stone stove/ Carter's stove
• Ditch hole stove
• Tin can stove
• Unit stove
• Green stick stove
• Flat rock stove
• Tennis racket boiler
• Baking bread dough.
Quality inputs :
• Three stones with same height
• Several stones in different heights
• A large flat rock or plate
•A hoe
• A tin
• A Scissor or knife to cut the tin and a hammer.
• Same height 03 sticks with a bracket
• A long pole
• A Sharp bracket
• Cross stick
• Cords or strings
• Small Rots or three tins
• A bracket and strings to make the tennis racket
• Information sheet with the preparing method of each equipment

 Expiations about the equipment that need to cook at outdoor.
 Creates the equipment that need to cook at outdoor.
 Lists out the food which can prepare at outdoor.
 Evaluate Cooks the food outdoor.
122
Annexe 4.4.1
Information sheet
• Different types of stoves – Wood stove, Gas stove, Elective stove

• Different types of stoves which prepare with wood
 Carter's stove/ three stone stove.
 Ditch hole stove
 Unit stove
 Green Stick stove
 Flat rock stove
 Tin/canned stove
1. Cart man’s Fire/Three Stone Fire

Suitable for preparing food for many number of persons.
Any type of food can be prepared. Can be made using
bricks or stones. Having ability to construct according to
the size of the container is an advantage. Ability to make
easily is also a special advantage.
fig 4.4.1
2. Ditch Hole Fire
This fire place is constructed in such a way the pan can
be placed on a ditch like hole cut on a flat ground. While
it should be about 30 cm deep and the ends should be
slopy, the width of the hole should be according to the
size of the pan to be used. The specificity of this
fireplace is that even several pans can be placed to cook
fig – 4.4.2
at the same time.
3. Stone Row Fire Place
This is constructed using bricks or such material on a flat
ground. Bricks are placed in parallel rows, suitable for
the size of the pan and the firewood is inserted from the
sides. Having ability to keep several pans and cook at the
same time is an advantage.
fig – 4.4.3
123
4. Unit Fire Place

A strong stick ‘Y’ shaped at its end is fixed to the
ground and the cooking pan is hung at the end of a
stick placed across on it. While fire is built from a
camp fire, for the fireplace, the method can also be
used to roast food. It’s suitable to prepare meals for
a few persons. Raw sticks should be used in making
the fire place.
fig – 4.4.4
5. Greenstick Fire
Two ‘Y’ ended sticks, are fixed at the ends to the ground,
to the same height. The cooking vessel is hung on the
cross-stick/bar. Raw sticks should be used. Fire is
provided by a campfire.
fig – 4.4.5
6. Flat Rock Fireplaces
A flat rock is placed on two, small rocks. Can be used to
make ‘rotis’.
fig – 4.4.6
Outdoor cooking
We have to prepare food when at outdoor activities, outdoor camping or when we get
abandon in an area without human beings. Should have to create different and also should
follow different methodologies to prepare food due to the lack of facilities.
We should coverage to prepare the traditional food to drive out the experience and joy
though there are many types of food in the market which can be prepared instantly and
easily. Furthermore should be able to prepare the food without utensils.
Cooking without utensils is enjoyable is expect from the students , that’s not harming to the
environment and to prepare the equipment using the resources which exist in the
environment, Be aware on use row sticks for stoves and use the sticks like tamarind, lime
that doesn't harmful to the human to wrap/ apply the food.
124
Must be careful about the environment when is going to set the fire for cooking. Fires can be
occurred due to the flames which flow away by the wind. So select the place far away from
the buildings, jungle and opposite to the direction of wind. Gravels, sods and leaves should
be removed from the place.
To find the direction of wind, the finger or hand gets cold from the direction of wind as rose
up the wet finger or hand. Direction of wink can be fined also by flowing the cotton or a
dead leaf.
Rote making
Fig 4.4.7
Potatoes and meats can be eaters after the barbecue.
Fig 4.4.8 Fig 4.4.9
Can barbecue by using a green stick stove or using 'Y' shaped stick as above.
Fish can barbecue by binding in an equipment which made by using row sticks and strings.
This equipment which made by row sticks and strings is known as the Tennis racket boiler.
Meat, fish, vegetables can be boiled by keeping on this equipment.
Bread/ Biscuit making
Fig- 4.4.10
125
Fig 4.4.11
Cooking rice
Rice can be cooked by a Unit stove as putting the enough rice

and water into the wide, row bamboo. Not suitable to cook for
a group.
fig – 4.4.11
126
Competency 5.0: Utilizes the specific abilities developed through participation in

Competency Level 5.3 : Uses Plop technique correctly in high jump.
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Explains the plop technique in high jump

• Engages in basic activities related to high jump
• Follows safety steps in high jump
• conforms the rules and regulations in high jump
Instructions for the preparation of learning teaching process :-

Step 01 • Engage the students in following access game.
• Slowly running forward while jumping to left and right over the
low height obstacle (not dangerous like cardboard boxes) which
keeps one away from another in a straight line.
fig 5.3.1
• Lead a discussion by highlighting following factors.

• There are two group as horizontal jumps and vertical jumps of
jumping events in athletics.
• High jump is belonging to the vertical jumps group.
• At present, plop method is mostly using among the different
techniques in high jump.
• Explain the following specifications while introducing the plop
method using figures or video clips
• Curve running
• Jump by turning back to the cross bar.
• Emphasize that should work with safety when engaging in high
jump activities.
Step 02 • Engage the students in following exercises which relevant to

the approach run in plop method.
127
• Run in curve way through the obstacles which keeps with an

about 5- 7 meters
(fig 5.3.2)
• Mark the figure of 8 in the ground about the length of 16 meters

and run in the way figure of B
(fig 5.3.3)
• Complete the one circle and increase the speed with the entering
of the other circle and decrease the speed after the completion
of half.
• Taking off at the end of the running in a curve way.

Raise up the thigh of the free leg as parallel to the
ground with the taking off
(fig 5.3.4)
128
Step 03 • Engage the students in flowing activities to practice the takeoff

in plop method.
• Stand by two feet away to the mattress as turning back to the
mattress.
• Jump upward, backward as tending the back of upper body on the
matters by taking off both feet.
( Fig 5.3.5)
• Engage in above activity as legs upward in

the time of being landed (fig 5.3.6)
( Fig 5.3.6)
• Engage in above activity by using the elastic

tape or rubber tape as the cross bar (fig5.3.7)
 Land on the mattress over the rubber tape

according to the plop method after the straight run
of three step.
 It is Suitable to keep 35-40 angle between the cros
bar and the running line also with keeping one arm
interval between the cross bar and the take off
point.(fig 5.3.8)
(fig5.3.7)
129
(fig 5.3.8)
• Give feed back and feed forward where necessary.
Step 04 • Introduce the students to following rules and regulations

relevant to high jump.
• Athlete will eliminate after 03 consecutive failures.
• Athlete has the right to skip a certain height and compete to the
next height . But the skipped height cannot be jump again.
• Shall take off from one foot.
• Failures,
• The cross bar does not remain on the supports because of the action
of the athlete while jumping.
• Touches the ground including the landing area with any parts of
the body before clearing the bar.
Basic term concepts : • Vertical jumps

• Horizontal jumps
• Clear the cross bar
• Take off
• Approach run
• Plop method
Quality inputs : • Cardboard boxes, low height cones or suitable equipment

• Landing mattress
• Elastic/ Rubber tape and supporters

 Ask about the jumping event classification of athletics
 Ask the specifications of plop method.
 Evaluate the accuracy of training activities.
 Ask the rules and regulations of high jump.
 Evaluate the work in safely.
130
Competency Level 5.4 : Throws correctly using power position
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Explains the power position in the events of shout, Discus throw
and javelin throw.
• Throws above equipment from the power position.
• Throws the equipment far way by using the correct posture.
• Explains the rules and regulations relevant to throwing events.

Step 01• Remind the activities which learnt at previous grades regarding
the grip and release of shot, discus and Javelin equipment.
Step 02 • Demonstrate by the students that throwing away as far as possible

of ring from the following postures (fig 5.4.1, 5.4.2)
Advise the students to observe the distances of equipment which
threw from each posture.
(fig5.4.1) (fig5.4.2)
Step 03 • Lead a discussion as highlighting the following factors.

• From the second posture the ring can be thrown to more far than
throwing from the first posture.
• An equipment can be thrown to more far by giving more releasing
speed
Step 04 • Demonstrate the power position of shot-put in figure 5.4.3

• Exercise that activity to students without the equipment.
• Engage the students in more practice with light optional
equipment at first and then using the shot.
131
(fig 5.4.3)
Step 05 • Demonstrate the power position of javelin throw in fig 5.4.4

• Exercise that activity to students with the equipment in
throwing events is known as the power position.
• More force and more speed will move in to the equipment when
throwing form the power position.
• Equipment can be thrown to far distance by practicing the
throwing techniques which exists the power position.
(fig 5.4.4)
Step 06 • Briefly introduce the following rules and regulations

regarding the throwing events in athletics
• The shot shall be put from the shoulder with one hand.
• At the time an athlete takes a stance the shot shall touch or be
close the neck or the chin.
• The hand shall not be dropped below this position and shall not
be taken behind the line of the shoulders.
• Shot put and discus throw shall be thrown from a circle.
• After the throw in the shot and the discus, the athlete shall exit
from the back half of the circle. In javelin throw the athlete
shall exit behind the marked line from the run way.
• When landing, the shot , the discus and the head of the javelin
should land within the sector lines.
132
• Until the equipment landed, the athlete should not get away
from the circle in the shot put and the discus throw also from
the run way in the javelin throw.
Basic term concepts : • Power position
Quality inputs : • A Suitable land area

• Small shots or equivalent optional equipment
• Small discuss or equivalent optional equipment
• Low weight javelins or equivalent optional equipment.

 Ask the advantages of using the power position when throwing equipment
and the reasons for that advantages.
 Evaluate the accurate exhibit of power position
 Ask the rules and regulations relevant to the throwing events.
 Evaluate the awareness on safety when engaging in activities.
 Evaluate the work in safely.
Annexe 5.4.1
Instructions to the teacher
Be vigilant about the followings that should conform in throwing activities with the
students and the students' conforming in those.
• Class formation should be in a secure way that confirms the safety of students.
• The throw should be done at once in according to the command
• All the throws should be done in to a same direction
• Bringing back of the equipment should be after the landing of all equipment
• Do not throw back the equipment to the team which thrown them.
133
Competency 6.0 : Acts socially by conforming to the rules and ethics of sports
Competency Level 6.1 : Conform to the ethics and social values by following rules and
regulations.
No of periods : 02
Learning Outcome: • Explains the connections between the sport regulations and the
ethics.
• Expresses the social values of sport regulations and the ethics.
• Exhibits the readiness to adapting the sport regulations and the
ethics

Step 01 • Present the following description to the students which about
the great cyclist lance Armstrong and ask the students' ideas
about that.
• The American Lance Armstrong was a national hero in the U.S.A
as he won the 7 times four de trance cycling competition. There
were many parents said many times to their children to be a hero
like Lance Armstrong. Lance Armstrong was a famous character in
the world as he was a hero in the mass media.
However, after proved by the medical tests Armstrong reveal to the

media that he was using the doping medicines to rid out of the pain
in his leg while he is competing. That statement spread like a
wildfire in the world. Since the world hero Lance Armstrong
became a black marked to the cycling field and his all
championships was cancelled.
• Lead a discussion by highlighting the following factors.

• The victory which doesn't conform to the rules & regulations can
be cancelled at any time.
• Victories are cavalier which done by fair play.
• Leg players are get injustice due to the people who work illegally
for the victory.
• Illegal play is degradation to the school, society and the relevant
game and the player.
• Can be a acceptable person in the society by respecting the laws
and conforming the ethics.
134
Step 02 • Present the following instances to the groups and ask them
about the insular situations can happen due to not behaving in
legally and politely on such situations
• Replace an elder player by forwarding the fake documents to
compete due to the illness of a teammate.
• Make an accident to a clever player in as opposite team and
made him out from the court to confirm the victory.
• Affront a team which poor in economy, not having proper
cloths etc.
• Spectators obstruct to the players by jesting and throwing the
objects to them.
• Abstinence the game by again sting the decision of compare.
• Lead a discussion about the above incidents upon the
following factors.
• Can occur the insular situations like disqualifying, banning of
sports, affronting, neglecting, criticizing and fining due to the
breaking of regulations and ethics.
• Code of ethics which formed to well going of the sport is
called as the rules and regulations.
• Ethics are the good behavioral patterns which continuing to
the wellbeing of the society.
• As a spectator, must behave as to secure the dignity of all
parties who engage in to the sport.
• Avoid from cheering, degreasing and throwing objects to the
players.
• Though like or dislike cheer and courage the all players.
• Avoid us a from impolite and cruel words.
• Do not make noise as it disturb to the game.
• Known of that the administrations parties take actions against
the people who act illegally.
• Avoid the use of liquor, drugs and cigarettes in the play areas.
• According to this not only the rules and regulations and also
should keep the ethics to improvement of the sport.
Step 03 • Divide the students in to four groups

• Advise to prepare a note about the ethics which should maintain
with the following parties as a member of a sport team.
• First group - with the own team mates.
• Second group – with the opponents
135
• Third group – with the officials

• Fourth group – with the spectators.
• Give the chance to present the students creations.

• Lead a discussion by using the information in annexe 6.1.1
about the way of behave with the team mates, opptuents,
officials, and the spectators.
• Show out that the following social values build by work in
according to the ethics, rules and regulations.
• Legalism
• Complaisance
• Good leadership and followership
• Good interpersonal relationships
• Correct decisioning
• Control of emotions
• Sympathy.
• Give the feed back and feed forward where necessary.
Basic term concepts : • Rulls and regulations, ethics, Social values
Quality inputs : • News papers about the sportsmanship, Reports, Magazines

 Evaluate the presentation on necessity of sports ethics, rules and
regulations.
 Evaluate the presentations on way of working in legally and politely.
 Evaluate the conforming of ethics in team work/ when work as team.
136
Competency 09 : Acts to maintain the fitness for a life..
Competency Level 9.2 : Improves the factors of psycho social fitness while inquiring
them.
No of periods : 04
Learning Outcome : Acts to improve the mental fitness

Helps others to improve the mental fitness.

Step 01:
 Present the song “Ira handapayanaloke” ofPandithAmaradeva in
annexe 9.2.1
 If facilities are available , play the sons and let the studentsto
appreciate it, while singing with them.
 Conduct a discussion with the students based on the following
points
 Following message is given to us by this song.
 All the people have to bear comfort as well as sorrow.
 Life is balanced due to this type of challenges.
 These challenges make the fire interesting.
 There is a balance in nature as well.
 Facing any challenge intelligently and philosophically and applying
those experiences productively to the life is essential to lead a
successful life.
 The ability to face challenges in life intelligently and philosophically
can be considered as the mental fitness.
Step 02:
 Suggest the students to play a game using thinking ability
 Give the opportunity to write a maximum number of relavant facts
within a minutein a paper by providing topics .like
 Uses taken by kerosene oil
 Things that Can be done with a cut bamboo tree
 Give the victory to the student who wrote the maximum number of
acceptable facts and let the students to present their facts to the class.
 Discuss further based on following points.
 Ability to handle thinking in various themes and angles is an essential
skill to the life.
137
 Ability to assemble lot of facts within a short period of time is a

characteristic of intelligence.
 The ability of thinking should be improved to take decisions
sometimes instantly and after broad judgment when facing day to day
challenges in life.
 Thinking ability is a valuable mental fitness.
Step 03: Organize an outdoor gathering and present the following incident
to the class.
 There is only one month for Akka’s wedding ceremony who
goes to reside in another country in a week after the marriage.
We were unable to prepare for the wedding because everyone
had to spend their money for the treatment of our father who
got a heart attack. Now he is healed. Last month, Loku mama
who is in abroad had sent money for the charges needed to take
the wedding ceremony in a star hotel.
 Consider the students as the members of the family and inquire
them, the steps that can be taken to keep a good wedding
ceremony within the prevailing situation.
 Direct the students to suggest a plan for organizing this
ceremony.
 Discuss further on following points.
 We have to face unexpected problematical situations in day
to day life.
 Problems should be solved productively by considering the
following points.
 Being patience in the presence of a problem.
 Thinking positively that the problem can be solved.
 Predict problematical situations that can arise and being
frequent vigilant.
 Management of prevailing resources.
 Giving the opportunity to other’s ideas as well.
 Being prepared to do certain sacrifices and to bear certain
losses when fulfilling the aim.
 Taking decisions for the wellbeing and to obtain a maximum
pleasure to everyone.
 Being pleased after solving the problem and using these
experiences as models for such instances in future.
 Ability to solve problems is a valuable mental fitness.
138
Step 04: Present the annexe 9.2.2to the students

 Discuss the way by which Prasanna acted with responsibility,
 Direct the students to present instances where responsible decisions
were taken by the individual or others in various occasions.
 Give the opportunity to share those experiences and to discuss the
way of developing them in need.
 Engage in a review highlighting the following points.
 At some instances we get the opportunity to take decisions on
ourselves as well as others in the society and regarding some day to
day work
 Making correct decisions without ignoring such situations is a
responsibility and a duty of us.
 Being neglected making decisions by an authorized person, is
harmful to the society.
 We should be in presence of mind and well experienced to make
responsible decisions.
 Ability of making decisions with a responsibility is a valuable
mental fitness.
Step 05: Give the opportunity to two students to present the dialog in the
annexe 9.2.3
 Discuss about the value of Rohan’s characteristics.
 “ There is no profit from stress. But it gives only harm” Inquire the
students’ idea about this statement.
 Get the students to present the instances where various persons get
stressed.
 Let the students to dance freely according to the song of Mr. C. T.
Fernando in annexe 9.2.4 while singing and appreciating.
 Discuss further on following points
 Being stressed is a weak personal characteristic.
 Stress is a harmful situation to a person.
 Lot of things can be done to avoid stress.
 Ability to face stress successfully is a valuable mental fitness.
Basic terms concepts: Mental fitness
Quality inputs: Annexe 9.2.1, 9.2.2, 9.2.3 and 9.2.4
Instructions for evaluation and assessment.

 Inquire the characteristics of a person with mental fitness.
 Evaluate the singing and appreciating the song.
139
 Evaluate naming the activities that can be done to induce mental

fitness.
 Evaluate the team skills, presentation and creativity.
Annexe 9.2.1
Ira handapayanaloke….. Alokayaathare

Sapadukasamabara we
Me jeevanakathare….// sapadukasamabara we.
Ukulelamadesamabarausulana// gamiliyayanagamane
Mudu Banda nalawena se
Kanduwetigangasagaraeka se // polowatasamabara we.
Wediwanaashamadalanawege // jeewanamagakelambe
Ekama rasa musu we
Mahamadawagurewanavilmathuwe// Piumpipisanahe
Ira handapayanaloke….. Alokayaathare

Sapadukasamabara we
Sung by :PandithAmaradeva
Annexe 9.2.2
Prasanna returned home after school and amma came home at the same time.
“Did you come putha ?” I went to the house next door to see the little son who had fallen from a
tree.
“Why what happened?”
“No he had fallen from a branch of a mango tree when tying a swing.” “there’s only a small
bump on his head.”
“Oh, I’ll go and see.”
Dhammi Nanda came near the fence with a smiling face when she saw Prasanna coming.
“Why Nanda? What happened to chootimalli?
140
“No nothing serious. But he cried, may be because he was afraid after fallen.”
Malli came and leaned against nanda.Prasanna looked at the tree.
“ Butnanda it is not good to wait without doing anything after falling from such a height” “We
must go to the hospital.”
“ If we miss the coconut lorry at 3.00 we can go to the town tomorrow morning.”
Nanda collected the paddy that was spread on a mat and got ready with a little anger.
On the way chootimalli vomited and he was on prasanna’s lap. And he was fast a sleep when
going to the hospital.
Chootimalli admitted to the intensive care unit immediately.
“Oh you brought the child in the correct time, if delayed can’t say what would happen.
The doctor praised nanda.
Annexe 9.2.3
Roshan– Why Chameera? Are you sick? And why are using such a amount of pills?
Chameera – For gastritis.I feel afraid when I remember the exam next month. Then I get
untolerable burning sensation in the stomach. Any way I get ‘A’ passes for every
subject.
Roshan smiled while putting his hand around Chameera’s neck.
Roshan – “Can’t you get these ‘A’s without getting that burning sensation ,pills or the way you
answer the questions?”
Chameera laughed when he heard what Roshan said.
Chameera – So gastritis is not caused purposely by me.
Roshan – “yes it is purposely caused. Shall I show you how to get “A” passes without getting
gastritis for this exam? Chameera..You have converted the exam in to an unrest. It is
called stress. You do not get a help from stress for the exam. Keep it in your mind.
And prepare for the exam without getting stressed.”
Chameera – “I can’t understand how to do it”
Roshan – “While you are taking the maximum effort for the exam think like this.”
141
I am preparing for the exam very well. I will accept any result that I get though I’ll
become unrest or not .And ask the question form yourself. Do all the successful
people had “A” passes from the exam?”
But take the maximum effort for the examination.
Next you do like this. Allocate a time to relax while studying. Read a story book
during that time……watch TV …Walk outside…Play a game….sing a song…plant
a tree…or meditate
But take the maximum effort for the examination.
Chameera–“I feel a great relaxation when I listened to you. Do you act like this?”
Roshan – Oh, yes. Not only the exam, there will be so many problems arise in the life. But
stress cannot conquer my mind.”
Chameera – “A speech of a person with a good personality”
Annexe 9.2.4
AvadiwannaAwadiwannadeepthimathdinakiudawelathienne..
Hithanawatawadasonduruvinodabaralokekaapaijeewath wane…
Susumhelanakalata du kwela – Obathsamagakaudaadanne..

Tikaksathutuwennasanasila – Dahasak a lesahithanne.
Balanumanavikurulukedelle – sathutasapatha rasa ithirenne
Ehema indium sithasanasille – dukiniminiskamalabaganne
E wagedaadatikaksubai – adatawadahetahona wane..
Sung by : C. T. Fernando
142
Competency 10 : Leads a happy life facing the obstacles in day to day life
successfully.
Competency Level10.1 : Faces the challenges successfully while acting with sexuality in
a responsible manner.
No of periods : 04
Learning Outcome: • Explains the concept human sexuality

• Describes the responsible sexual behaviors.
• Acts according to gender without any injustice to any party.
• Explains the responsibility of a mother and father in pregnant stage
and in bringing up a child

Step 01 • Present a picture of an infant that lays downwards
• Conduct a discussion highlighting the following
• The infant in the picture can be identified as a girl or a boy
only by the sex organ
• That is the sex the infant obtained biologically.
• Body factures of a girl is formed to bear and to grow a child in
the uterus and body features of a boy is formed to contribute
for a child.
• By the experiments it has confirmed that if a child is brought
up by supplying equal types of toys, instruments and learning
opportunities both females and males can do any task in day
to day life.
• So that both males and females receive eq2ual human rights
legally as well
• But since birth the society has build u a culture to bring up
them in different methods and to assign
Examples
• Female clothes and male clothes
• Girls' toys and boys' toys
• Tasks that can/ cannot done by females and tasks that can/
cannot done by makes
• Position should be given to females in the family/ society and
the position should be given to males in the family/ society.
• Behaviors should be possessed by females and behaviors
should be possessed by males.
143
• Above mentioned condition, built up by the society is known

as the gender
• Various riots had raised based on gender and statistics has
proved the females are the victims of these conditions.
• So that the concept gender is internationally refused today
under human rights.
• Human sexuality is the combination of sex and the gender
Step 02 • Explain the following facts associated with sexuality

• The system important to produce own kind is reproductive
system.
• Through the sexuality a girl gets the role of the mother and a
boy gets the role of the father.
• The physical mental , social well being and the security gained
by getting a child after marriage is not gained bygetting a child
without a marriage.
• Harmful conditions like under mentioned, can be occurred
when engaging in irresponsible sexual behaviors' without a
marriage.
o down fall of education
o unexpected pregnancies
o mental down falls
o Subjecting to sexual transmitted diseases
o breaking the family relation ships
o breaking the future expectations
• Responsible sex behaviors' are the sex behaviors keeping
after marriage that do not cause physical mental and
social harm to boh parties or to one party.
Step 03 • Inquire the students about the responsibilities assigned to

females and males and list them in the board.
• Lead a discussion highlighting the following points
• According to social conventions things like responsibilities,
social work and roles assigned to females and males is the
gender.
• Recall the memories about the mother and father roles look part
in the play houses in the child hood. Behavioral patterns of
females and males are taught by the society or learnt from the
society.
144
• The responsibilities, work and roles assigned to females and

mlles can be changed on the factors like economic situation,
culture, religion and politics.
•
Step 04 • Given below are a few situations that a family faces with two
school going children.
• Wife is warded at the hospital expecting a new baby.
• Husband leaves the country for a foreign job
• Mother goes to middle east as a house maid because the
husband woes not have a job.
• Both wife and husband are not at home during day time in week
days as they do jobs
• Divide the students into four groups
• Provide each situation to each groups
• Give instructions to record briefly how mother, father or both
look after the children and hold responsibilities at each
situation.
• Give opportunity for a presentation
• Provide feed forward and feed back
• Conduct review highlighting following points
• Future expectations of a newly married couple are as follows
• Leading an exemplary life by sharing sorrow and happiness
mutually
• Providing children to the society
• Giving birth to children with a proper interval.
• Bearing the responsibilities of the family cooperatively
• A good relationship should be built up between husband and
wife, parents and children while understanding the specific
social and economic tasks assigned separately to them.
• The love and security given to children from the develop as
good citizens.
• A pregnant mother should maintain physical, mental and
emotional health to produce a healthy intelligent child
• There are lot of responsibilities and duties of a husband that should be
fulfilled by a husband to the pregnant wife.
Examples
• Providing love an affection to the wife.
• Providing necessary food and beverages
• Providing necessary protection to the wife
• Taking the wife to the clinics
145
• Preparing the environment around the house suitable for a

pregnant mother.
• Directing the pregnant wife to religious activities to keep her with
pleasure.
• Avoid from smoking and consuming liquor
Basic term concepts : • Human sexuality

 Sex
 gender
 responsible sexual behaviors
 Responsibilities of a mother and father when bringing up
children
Quality inputs : • A picture of an infant that lies downwards

 Evaluate the correct definition of human sexuality, sex and gender
 Evaluate expressing ideas on avoiding irresponsible ideas on avoiding
irresponsible sexual behaviors.
 Inquire the way of acting to protect human rights while been in the gender
I
146
Competency 10 : Leads a happy life successfully facing the obstacles in day to

day life
Competency Level 10.2 : Faces the social challenges with confidence by identifying them
No of periods : 04
Learning Outcome: • Names the future social challenges

• Expresses the ideas about the food that can be a challenge to the
life.
• Explains the importance of disaster management.
• Describes the steps can be followed to prevent diseases.
• Expresses ideas about the necessity of acting to minimize the
harms occurred by modern technology.
• Acts to minimize conflicts
• Exhibits the preparation to face the future challenges.

Step 01 • Obtain answers from few students to the following questions
according to their personal interest.
• Write the answers of the students in the board.
• What are the foods and beverages that you brings that you
bring from home or from the canteen to have in school?
• What are food items that you prefer to buy for dinner?
• What are the food items that you buy when shopping or when
going on a trip
• Discus about the natural and artificially prepared food in the
list of the students
• Foods free from preservatives, colorings flavors and other
chemicals are the natural foods.
• Consumption of natural foods are always favorable for health
Make awareness to consume natural foods as much as
possible
• Discuss that foods that are not natural can be classified into
few groups
o Processed food
o Junk food
o Instant food
147
Step 02 • Divide the students into three groups provide a topic to each group
and give the opportunity to gather following information.
• Explaining the group of food
• Types of food belong to that group
• Disadvantages of using them.
• Provide feed forward and feed back while engaging in the
activities.
• Engage in a review based on annexe 10.2.1.
Step 03 • Ask the students about the common diseases in the society at
present.
• Point out the following as the factors that affect on causing
diseases.
• uncleanliness of the living environment.
• Action of visible organisms and invisible organisms.
• Incorrect life style
• Industrial influence
• Mental stress
• Sexual misbehaviors
• Show that diseases can be classified as communicable and non
communicable diseases.
• Point out that communicable diseases are the diseases caused to
an another person by entering the germs released from an
infected person.
• Agents of communicable diseases spread by various methods
• By air By water, By food, By animals, By contact, By sexual
relationships.
• Lead a discussion based on the annexe 10.2.2 by pointing out
following diseases as examples for communicable diseases
• Dengue, Malaria, Tuberculosis, Filaria, Cholera , Dysentery
• HIV/ AIDS, Gonorrhoea, Herpes, Sexual warts can be metioned
as sexual transmitted diseases
Step 04 • Non communicable diseases do not transmit from a person to

another person.
• Lead a discussion based on annexe 10.2.2 by pointing out following
diseases as examples for non communicable diseases.
148
• Diabetes, Hypertension, Cancer, Cardiac diseases, Mental

diseases, Renal diseases.
• Causative factor for majority of these diseases in incorrect life
style
• Mental stress takes place due to various variations of the social
environment is considered as a non communicable disease as
well.
• When communicable and non communicable diseases are
caused, a person has to face various challenges as follows
• Physical weakness and inconvenience
• Obstacles to the function of internal systems
• Difficulty to engage in day to day work due to physical and
mental weakness
Step 05 • Inquire the students about the common disasters caused by

weather changes.
• Point out following as some unfavorable conditions raised by
changes of weather and disasters
• Earth quakes, Tsunami, Floods, Earth slips , Lyclones, Lightning
• Lead a discussion about disasters and weather changes based n
the annee 10.2.3
• People have to face for the following challenges due to disasters
and weather changes.
• loss of life, fractures and injuries, shocks, displacement, mental
pressures, Loss of residence
• Nead of large amount of money for supplying aid and developing
infrastructure facilities is also a challenge arises due to change of
weather and disasters.
Step 06 • Inquire the ideas of the students about the various races
living in Sri Lanka and their religions. If not exhibit the
pictures of various races and obtain the details of their races
and the religion.
• People of various races and religions live in Sri Lanka as well as
in other countries. their languages, believes, traditions are
different, They have their own cultures.
• Various problems arise when people of various races live in a
same country and the same society . Increase of this situation is
unavoidable within the social, economic and political
environment.
• Some people Being disrepute within the society due to the
language.
149
• Being the language a problem to fulfill various needs.

• Arising conflicts when fulfilling religious activities
• Being the language and the religion a problem in the admission to
some schools
• Using ethnical and various criteria when providing occupations
and admitting to various institutions
Step 07 • Modern technology can be mentioned as a social challenge as

well. Although day to day work of man can be done efficiently
and easily, there are so many harmful effects of it.
• computer, internet, mobile phones, television, radio
• Although many uses can be taken form these instruments, this
has been a future social challenge because it is a pathway of
misleading the younger generation.
• The results of the products of modern technology like
- chemical weapons
- atomic weapons
- nuclear weapons
- are also challenges that have to face in future.
Step 08 • people with various desires, interests and preferences live in

our society. when living in a such social environment we have
to face various challenges.
• within the family environment
• between parents and children
• between husband and wife
• between children and children relationships are maintained
• within external environment
• between friends and friends
• between employees and management
• relationships are maintained conflict situations could arise
on occasions where the ideas are incompatible.
• conflict situations arise due to consumption of drugs, alcohol
that make mental disorders.
• conflicts occur when problems among races arise.
• Because of these following unfavorable situations can occur.
• loss of life, loss of property, injuries, handicapped situations,
mental disorders, disruption in education, losing
occupations
• These situations can be mentioned a future social challanges
150
Basic term concepts : • responsible

 Responsibilities of a mother and father when bringing up children
Quality inputs : • A picture of an infant that lies downwards

 Instruct the groups of students to prepare a booklet on future challenges
.Asses the criteria given below
 Accuracy of facts
 Creativity
 Competencies relevant to working in the group
 Time management
Annexe 10.2.1
Type of Food and their Disadvantages of Types of food

features using
• Processed food • flavors for • Due to physical • noodles
• Types of food prepared preservation substances, • Sausages
under various technical • colourings colourings and
• bacon
methods for instant • artificial flavors
Artificial flavors • Parboiled rice
consumption for the taste • toxicity
• Pasteurized
• can consume instantly • fat, salt, Sugar • allergies
milk
• less in nutritive value • cancer
• can be ket for a long • Due to high
time fat/Salt/Sugar
• causes health problems • hypertension
• All the processed food • diabetes
are not unfavorable • Obesity
• deep freeze milk, • Due to less fiber
parboiled rice are some and micro
examples consumption nutrients
of these foods are • constipation
favorable.
• nutrition
deficiencies
• inconvenience in
alimentary canal
151
• Junk food/fast food • Sugar and gat • Due to • Fired potatoes

• Junk/fast food are consumption of chips and
packed/cooked food that these foods manioc chips
supply excess energy by • Obesity • desserts
including excess sugar • Diabetes containing sugar
and fat. • hypertension • toffee
• increase the • chocolate
cholesterol level of • cutlet
the body • patty
• Inconvenience • pitza
occurred by the
obesity.
Annexe 10.2.2
Disease Symptoms of the disease Method of prevention
Dengue • Dengue fever • Steps that should be followed

• Fever more than two days along after causing the disease
with following symptoms. • Going to a hospital or meeting a
• head ache qualified doctor without delay.
• pain under eye • Consuming only paracetemol
drugs to control fever.
• pain in the muscles and joints
• Nausea and vomit • wiping the body with a piece of
warm wet cloth of the patient has
• appearance of red patches in the
high fever
skin and bleeding conditions.
• free from hard work and relaxing
• Consuming a light nutrition
meal.
• Drinking liquids in suitable
amounts.
• Avoiding the consumption of red
and brawn coloured food and
beverages.
• Being concerned about dengue
haemrrhag fever
• steps that should be followed to
avoid mosquito breeding
• Clean the rain gutters frequently
152
• Brush the water tanks barrels,

vases and refrigerator plates to
keep them clean
• Cover to water collection places
wells, tanks with nets to avoid the
entering mosquitoes.
• strong disposed plastic vessels,
glass vessels and bottles as not to
collect water.
• Examining daily the places where
mosquito breeding can occur.
• steps can be taken to avoid from
dengue mosquito bites
• Applying mosquito replants (Ex:-
citrusoil)
• Wearing clothes as to cover
hands and legs.
• Using mosquito nets.
• Fixing nets to doors and windows
to prevent entering mosquitoes.
• Avoid being in outside during the
times that mosquito bites can take
place.
Filaria • Symptoms at the beginning • Destroying the mosquito

• fever breeding places.
• pain in the muscles • Using mosquito replants
• Painful red spots in the skin • Controlling mosquito larva
• Infection in the lymphatic vessels • Doing blood tests (at night time)
can be seen in red colour under • Getting the group treatment.
the skin)
• Swelling in lymphatic glands
(mainly lymphatic glands in arm
pit and groin)
• Swelling and pain in the regions
associated with infected
organs(mainly arms, legs, joints,
breast, testicles)
• Long term symptoms
153
• swelling of breast and joints of

arms, legs
• Forming elephant legs
• Elephantiasis by changing the
external appearance of tissues.
• Enlargement of testicles in males
due to filling tissue fluid
(Hydrocoele)
Malaria • Causing fever after shivering and • Destroying the mosquito

cold breeding places.
• Head ache • Using mosquito nets
• body pain • Introducing the species of fish
• loosing appetite like gappi to the breeding places
with water that cannot be
• vomiting
covered.
• Dysentery
• Taking the malaria prevention
treatment when visiting to a
country or a place where malaria
exists.
Typoid • fever • Drinking cooled water after
• head ache boiling
• body pain • Preventing the food being
• feeling lifeless unclenned.
• losing apatite • washing well the vegetables and

fruits that consumes in raw state.
• caught at the beginning
• Preventing water and food from
• constipation / dysentery
the house flies
• Washing hands well with soap
after going to the toilet.
• Using sanitary toilets.
Tuberculosis • Cough more than two seeks • Covering the mouth and the nose
• Slight fever when coughing and sneezing.
• Heavy sweating in the night • Avoid from spitting here and
there.
• loss of weight
• Tireout easily
• Preparing the house for well
ventilation
• chest pain
• Minimizing
• passion out blood with phlem
• Identifying the disease quickly
154
• Following the total treatment

properly.
Leptospirosis • Slight fever • Avoid rat breeding
• Turnning the body yellowish • keeping the house and the
• Cold vicinity clean.
• Turning eyes red • Using safety clothes, gum boots
and gloves when working in
• head ache
places liked home garden.
• Muscle pain (associated with calf
muscle and back)
• Cover hands and legs well to
prevent penetrating water if there
are wounds on them.
• Drinking boiled cool water
• Avoid walking in the places
where floods had occurred.
Dysentery • fever • wash hands well with soap and

• loss in appetite water after using the toilet.
• weakness • Drink boiled cool water.
• diarrhea • Avoid from preparing food and
supplying water for others until
• diarrhea initially watery,
totally cured
subsequently contain blood and
mucus. • Proper disposal of garbage and
• abdominal fain facial matter.
• Protect public water supplies
from facial contamination.
• Consumption of uncontaminated
milk and milk products or
pasteurized milk.
• Avoid flies contact with food
• Take precautions regarding food
and water when travelling to the
areas where inadequate sanitary
facilities
AIDS • Minor symptoms • Avoid sexual relationships till
• fatrgue marriage
• Limb pain • Limit sexual relationships only to
married partner
• Various skin diseases
• cough
• Maintain the strength of the
family unit.
• severe sweating
155
• presence of thrush in the mouth • Act identifying the dangerous

• major sumptoms situations in the society.
• Loss of weight • Avoid keeping nonsexual
(weight loses about 10% within a relationships
month)
• Fever more than one month
• diarrhea more than one month.
Renal diseases • Swelling of the body • Avoid taking antibiotics and

• loss of memory pain killers without medical
advice.
• hypertension
• loss of appetite
• Controlling the obesity
• sleepless
• Controlling the high cholesterol
level
• server fatigue
• Suitable regular exercises
• Scratching the body
• Decrease the amount of self in
• difficulty in breathing
food
• eliminating less amount of urine.
• Minimizing the sugar
consumption
• minimizing the high caloric food
• minimizing the mental stress
• Drinking the drily necessary
amount of water.
• Engaging in fun games.
cancers • Long term cough or change in • Directing for a proper food
voice pattern
• unhealing wound • Active life style
• Sudden change or growth of knot, • Avoid from unfavorable habits
spot or wart in the body. like smoking, drinking alcohol,
• Lump or hardening of the breast keeping unsafely sexual
of somewhere else. relationships and chewing betel.
• Change in the patterns of • keep environment clean
defecation and urination or • All the females over voyeurs
passing blood with them' should do the self breast test at
• long term indigestion conditions least once a month
and difficulty in swelling • All the adult female should do
• thinning and losing weight of the self total test.
body without any other reason • Direct for medical tests if there is
a doubt about cancer
156
• long term fever without any other

reason
• long term swelling of lymphatic
nodes
• Above symptoms can be
appeared in other diseases apart
from cancers.
Hypertension • Giddiness (feeling rotatin the • Consuming a balanced diet
environment around the • Consuming foods with
individual) potassium, magnesium vitamin C
• Nausea skimmed milk, omega 3
• Headache • Minimizing the consumption of
• breathing difficulties salt, wheat flour.
• sweating • Avoiding smoking and liquor
• sleepless • free from obesity
• feeling the eyes covered with a • engaging in regular exercises
net • maintaining the mental well
• fatigue being.
• instant bleeding in the nose
• Severs pain in the back of the
head in the morning
• Above mentioned symptoms are
not common to all persons that
have hypertension when the
blood pressure increases suddenly
• chest pain occurs
• shallow breathing occurs
• muscles tremble
• gets paled
• responses decrease
• fain occurs
Diabetes • Necessity of urinating when • Engaging in suitable regular
going to sleep in the night exercises
• Thirst, heavy head • planning work as to reduce
• Scracthing the regions associated mental stress
with sex organs • Limiting the foods with sugar and
• dryness of mouth and lips wheat flour
• Numbness in the body and finger
157
tips and feeling pricking

• giddiness, tiredness, fatgue.
• Not healing the wounds quickly
• Feeling sweet taste to the mouth
• Getting lean within a short period
• Burning sensation in the legs
Cardiac • Difficulty in breathing • avoid using tobacco and alcohol
diseases
• shallow breaths • engaging in regular exercises
• getting paled • mental satisfactions
• fainfish • minimizing foods with lipids,
• need of vomiting sugar and salt
• cold sweating • consuming a balanced diet.
• slight pain in the heart
• pain/ discomfort in left hand,
back of the left shoulder
• jaw pain
Mental • loss of memory • Getting used to a simple life
disorders • anger, pain, shame • Directing to religious life
• loss of expectations • Liberating the emotions
• less concentration • Engaging in sports
• feeling afraid • Sufficient leisure
• various physical problems • Engaging in group activities
• loneliness • Engaging in hobbies
• less speech/ talking excessively • Obtaining counselling
• irritable feeling towards others
• excess sleep
• head ache
• stammering
158
Annex10.2.4
Unfavorable situations occur as a result of weather changes and disasters
Disaster Steps can be followed for prevention or

protection
• Earth quakes • Giving a methodical environmental
• Earth quakes take place as a result education.
of collision gliding or separating of • Identifying safe area
the earth plates in the lithosphere • Irregular constructions
which is made of hard solid
• Irregular soil, rock removal
material
• Blocking the water ways.
• Tsunami
A Tsunami is a row of waves
• Accidents (breaking the bank of tank)
generated by a column of water. • Filling low lands
Vertical displacement of a column • Destruction of forests
of water generates a Tsunami • Giving a methodical environmental
Tsunami takes place as a result of education.
wrath quakes in the sea bed, falling • Identifying safe areas
meteors severs explosions in
nuclear experiment.
• Following safety instructions/ methods
Floods
Flood is a harmful flow of water
covering natural land area.
Land slides
Landslide is a sliding down of a
massive amount of soil, trees, rocks
in a higher area to wards down
under gravitational force.
159
160

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Teacher's Guide – Grade 09 Health & Physical Education

Health and Physical Education

Health & Physical Education Unit

Health and Physical Education

National Institute of Education

Health and Physical Education Unit

Message from the Director General …

Dr. (Mrs.) Jayanthi Gunasekara

Message from the Deputy Director General

Guidance - Academic Affairs Board-National Institute ofEducation

Consultancy and supervision - Mr. M.F.S.P. Jayawardhana

Subject Leadership - Mr. Dhammika Kodituwakku - Unit Head

Editing - Mr.Dammika Kodithuwakku - Unit Head

Language Editing - Mrs. Shriyani Thelasinghe - ISA (R)

Art - Janaka Samaradivakara - ADE- Galewela ZEO.

Cover and Type setting - Mrs. R. R. K. Pathirana - Technical Assitant-N.I.E

Supproting Staff - Mrs.Padma Weerawardana -N.I.E

Message of the Director General iii

Message of the Deputy Director General iv

Message of the Commissioner General - Educational Publications Department

Instruction to use the Teachers' Guide vii

Syllabus \viii -xxiv

School Policy and Programme xxvi -xxx

Quality inputs xxxi -xxxii

General Instructions for planning the learning teaching process 1

First Term- competency, competency level and time period 2

Guidelines for first term 3-32

Second term competency, competency level and time period 33

Guidelines for the second term 34-61

Third Term- competency, competency level and time period 62

Guidelines for the third term 63-97

0.1 National goals

0.2 Basic Competencies

(i.) Competencies in Communication

two and three-dimensional configurations, graphic symbols and

(ii.) Competencies relating to Personality Development

(iv.) Competencies relating to Preparation for the world of work

(v.) Competencies relating to religion and ethics

modes of conduct, rituals, practices in everyday living, selecting the

(vi.) Competencies in Play and Use of Leisure

(vii.) Competencies relating to ‘Learning to learn’.

Aims of Health and Physical Education .

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

4'4 Engages in volleyball ² Skills in volleyball ² Involves correctly in spiking and 03

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

Competency Competency Level Contents Outcome Time

SCHOOL POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES

 Physical Education programma V

By implementing programmes according to a plan, it will be possible to involve students in

Learning Teaching Methodology

Learning is the implementation of permanent behavioral changes in an individual. Teaching is

For Practical Activities in Physical Education