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    Unpacking The Meaning of Summa On Nota On: This Is The Sigma Symbol: - It Tells Us That We Are Summing Something.

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    Marc Aljhon Cruzata Bhote
    The document explains summation notation using examples. Summation notation uses the Greek letter sigma (Σ) to represent the sum of terms of an expression where the variable is incremented from a starting value to an end value. For example, Σn=13(2n-1) would be the sum of the terms 2(1)-1, 2(2)-1, and 2(3)-1. The key is that the variable being incremented, here n, is substituted into the expression being summed while other variables remain unchanged.

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    Unpacking The Meaning of Summa On Nota On: This Is The Sigma Symbol: - It Tells Us That We Are Summing Something.

    Uploaded by

    Marc Aljhon Cruzata Bhote
    73 views7 pages
    The document explains summation notation using examples. Summation notation uses the Greek letter sigma (Σ) to represent the sum of terms of an expression where the variable is incremented from a starting value to an end value. For example, Σn=13(2n-1) would be the sum of the terms 2(1)-1, 2(2)-1, and 2(3)-1. The key is that the variable being incremented, here n, is substituted into the expression being summed while other variables remain unchanged.

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    The document explains summation notation using examples. Summation notation uses the Greek letter sigma (Σ) to represent the sum of terms of an expression where the variable is incremented from a starting value to an end value. For example, Σn=13(2n-1) would be the sum of the terms 2(1)-1, 2(2)-1, and 2(3)-1. The key is that the variable being incremented, here n, is substituted into the expression being summed while other variables remain unchanged.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    73 views7 pages

    Unpacking The Meaning of Summa On Nota On: This Is The Sigma Symbol: - It Tells Us That We Are Summing Something.

    Uploaded by

    Marc Aljhon Cruzata Bhote
    The document explains summation notation using examples. Summation notation uses the Greek letter sigma (Σ) to represent the sum of terms of an expression where the variable is incremented from a starting value to an end value. For example, Σn=13(2n-1) would be the sum of the terms 2(1)-1, 2(2)-1, and 2(3)-1. The key is that the variable being incremented, here n, is substituted into the expression being summed while other variables remain unchanged.

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    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    Unpacking the meaning of


    summa on nota on
    This is the sigma symbol: ∑. It tells us that we are
    summing something.

    Let's start with a basic example:

    Stop at n = 3

    (inclusive)

    3
    ∑2n − 1
    n=1
    ↖
    ↗ Expression for each

    Start at n = 1 term in the sum

    This is a summa on of the expression 2n − 1 for


    integer values of n from 1 to 3:

    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 1/7
    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    3
    ∑ 2n − 1
    n=1

    = [2(1) − 1] + [2(2) − 1] + [2(3) − 1]


    n=1 n=2 n=3

    =1+3+5

    =9

    No ce how we subs tuted n = 1, n = 2, and n = 3


    into 2n − 1 and summed the resul ng terms.

    n is our summa on index. When we evaluate a


    summa on expression, we keep subs tu ng
    different values for our index.

    PROBLEM 1

    4
    ∑ n2 =?
    n=1

    Choose 1 answer:

    INCORRECT

    1+2+3+4

    CORRECT (SELECTED)

    12 + 22 + 32 + 42

    C (1 + 2 + 3 + 4)2
    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 2/7
    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    D 12 + 42

    Check

    Hide explana on

    This is a summa on of n2 for values of n from 1 to


    4:

    4
    ∑ n2
    n=1

    = 12 + 22 + 32 + 42
    n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4

    We can start and end the summa on at any value


    of n. For example, this sum takes integer values of
    n from 4 to 6:

    6
    ∑n − 1
    n=4

    = (4 − 1) + (5 − 1) + (6 − 1)
    n=4 n=5 n=6

    =3+4+5

    = 12

    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 3/7
    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    We can use any le er we want for our index. For


    example, this expression has i for its index:

    2
    ∑ 3i − 5
    i=0

    = [3(0)−5] + [3(1)−5] + [3(2)−5]


    i=0 i=1 i=2

    = −5 + (−2) + 1

    = −6

    PROBLEM 2

    5
    ∑ k(k + 1) =
    k=3

    We couldn't grade your answer. It looks like you le something blank or


    entered in an invalid answer.

    Check

    Hide explana on
    5
    ∑ k(k + 1) =
    k=3

    = (3)[(3) + 1] + (4)[(4) + 1] + (5)[(5) + 1]

    = 12 + 20 + 30

    = 62
    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 4/7
    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    PROBLEM 3

    Consider the sum 4 + 25 + 64 + 121.

    Which expression is equal to the above sum?

    Choose all answers that apply:

    3
    A ∑ (i2 + 2i + 4)
    i=0

    3
    B ∑(3i + 2)2
    i=0

    C None of the above

    Check

    Hide explana on
    3
    ∑ (i2 + 2i + 4)
    i=0

    = [(0)2 +2(0)+4] + [(1)2 +2(1)+4] + [(2)2 +2(2)+4

    = 4 + 7 + 12 + 19

    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 5/7
    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    3
    ∑(3i + 2)2
    i=0

    = [(3(0) + 2)2 ] + [(3(1) + 2)2 ] + [(3(2) + 2)2 ] + [(

    = 4 + 25 + 64 + 121

    3
    In conclusion, only ∑(3i + 2)2 is equal to
    i=0
    4 + 25 + 64 + 121.

    Some summa on expressions have variables other


    than the index. Consider this sum:

    4
    k
    ∑ .
    n=1
    n+1

    No ce that our index is n, not k . This means we


    subs tute the values into n, and k remains
    unknown:

    3
    k
    ∑
    n=1
    n+1

    k k k
    = + +
    (1) + 1 (2) + 1 (3) + 1

    k k k
    = + +
    2 3 4

    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 6/7
    7/12/2019 Summation notation (also called sigma notation) (article) | Khan Academy

    Key takeaway: Before evalua ng a sum in


    summa on nota on, always make sure you
    iden fied the index, and that you are only
    subs tu ng into that index. Other unknowns
    should remain as they are.

    PROBLEM 4

    4
    ∑ 8k − 6m = ?
    m=1

    Choose 1 answer:

    A 8k − 6 + 8k − 12 + 8k − 18 + 8k − 24

    B 2+4+6+8

    C 8 − 6m + 16 − 6m + 24 − 6m + 32 − 6m

    D 0+2+4+6

    Check

    Hide explana on

    4
    ∑ 8k − 6m
    m=1

    = [8k − 6(1)] + [8k − 6(2)] + [8k − 6(3)] + [8k − 6(4

    = 8k − 6 + 8k − 12 + 8k − 18 + 8k − 24

    https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-integration-new/ab-6-3/a/review-summation-notation 7/7

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