321 Ae

„ICGB” AD
CLIENT:
Address: 13 Vesletz Str., Sofia 1000
Telephone: (+359 2) 9263 862
Fax: +(359 2) 9250 392
„ICGB“ AD
E-mail: [email protected]
„GASTEC BG” AD
CONTRACTOR: Address: 5 Filip Cutev Str., Sofia 1407
Telephone: (+359 2) 4283 425
Fax: (+359 2) 9621 763
E-mail: [email protected]
GAS INTERCONNECTOR GREECE-BULGARIA
Design Basis Memorandum
Signature: IGB-04-FEED-DBM
Project manager: Radostina Todorova
/………………………..……/
Executive Director: Valentin Stanchev
/………………………..……/
Copy № 1 Rev: 01
2017
GAS INTERCONNECTOR GREECE - BULGARIA
“I C G B” AD
LIST OF REVISIONS
REVISION Date Description

00a 07.06.2017 Draft version
00b 07.07.2017 Draft version
01 19.09.2017 Comments Incorporated
DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................7
1.1 General .............................................................................................................. 7
1.2 Purpose of Document ........................................................................................ 7
2. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................8

2.1 Definitions ......................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Abbreviations .................................................................................................... 8
3. APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ........................................................12

4. DESIGN DATA ..............................................................................................13
4.1 Basic Design Data............................................................................................ 13
4.2 Design, Operating and Incidental Pressures ................................................. 14
4.3 Supply and Delivery Pressures ....................................................................... 14
4.4 Gas Design and Operating Temperatures ...................................................... 16
4.5 Pipeline and AGI Piping Design Temperatures .............................................. 16
4.6 Gas Flow Distribution from the Supply Facilities ........................................... 17
4.7 Gas Specification and Quality ......................................................................... 18
4.8 Pressure Losses............................................................................................... 19
4.9 Maximum Flow Velocities ............................................................................... 20
4.10 Environmental Data......................................................................................... 20
4.11 Seismic Data .................................................................................................... 21
5. PIPELINE DESIGN .......................................................................................23

5.1 General ............................................................................................................ 23
5.2 Alternative Route Options............................................................................... 23
5.3 Reference Coordinate System......................................................................... 23
5.4 Pipeline diameter and length .......................................................................... 24
5.5 Wall Thickness ................................................................................................. 24
5.6 Location Classification and Design Factors .................................................... 24
5.7 Pipeline materials............................................................................................ 27
5.8 Pipeline Bends ................................................................................................. 28
5.9 Barred Tees ..................................................................................................... 29
5.10 Pipeline Leak Detection System ..................................................................... 29
5.11 Corrosion protection ....................................................................................... 29
5.12 Welding ............................................................................................................ 30
5.13 Non-Destructive Examination ......................................................................... 30

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5.14 Pressure Testing.............................................................................................. 30

5.15 Depth of Cover ................................................................................................. 31
5.16 Crossings ......................................................................................................... 31
5.17 Existing Pipeline Separation Distance ............................................................ 33
5.18 HDPE Conduit .................................................................................................. 33
5.19 Pipeline Trench ................................................................................................ 33
5.20 Additional Protection Measures ...................................................................... 34
6. BLOCK VALVE AND PIGGING STATIONS ......................................................36

6.1 Block Valve Stations ........................................................................................ 36
6.2 Pipeline Pigging Stations ................................................................................ 36
7. GAS METERING AND AUTOMATED GAS REGULATING STATIONS .................38

7.1 General ............................................................................................................ 38
7.2 Filtration .......................................................................................................... 38
7.3 Gas Pre-heating .............................................................................................. 38
7.4 Gas Composition and Quality .......................................................................... 38
7.5 Flow and Pressure Control .............................................................................. 39
7.6 Metering........................................................................................................... 39
7.7 Piping Design................................................................................................... 40
7.8 Utilities............................................................................................................. 40
7.9 Noise Levels at AGIs ....................................................................................... 41
8. CIVIL WORKS FOR BLOCK VALVE, AGRS AND GMS STATIONS .....................44
8.1 General ............................................................................................................ 44
8.2 Building Terms and Associated Clearances .................................................... 44
8.3 Site Preparation & Earthworks ....................................................................... 44
8.4 Station Buildings ............................................................................................. 45
8.5 Station Internal Roads and Paving ................................................................. 47
8.6 Gravel Surfacing .............................................................................................. 48
8.7 Access Roads to Stations ................................................................................ 48
8.8 Storm-water Drainage .................................................................................... 49
8.9 Station Fencing and Gates .............................................................................. 49
8.10 Miscellaneous Civil Works ............................................................................... 50
8.11 Structural Design............................................................................................. 50
8.12 Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)......................................... 51
8.13 Fire Fighting..................................................................................................... 52

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9. ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT FOR BLOCK VALVE, AGRS AND GMS STATIONS ....54
9.1 General Requirements .................................................................................... 54
9.2 Hazardous Area Classification ........................................................................ 54
9.3 Electricity Supplies .......................................................................................... 55
9.4 Emergency Power Supply System .................................................................. 55
9.5 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).............................................................. 55
9.6 Switchboards ................................................................................................... 56
9.7 Cabling ............................................................................................................. 56
9.8 Lighting and Small Power Supply System ...................................................... 56
9.9 Earthing and Lightning Protection System..................................................... 57
10. DISPATCHING CENTRE / OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE BASE ..............58

10.1 Buildings and Functional Requirements ......................................................... 58
10.2 Building Utilities .............................................................................................. 60
11. FUTURE COMPRESSOR STATION .................................................................61

12. VESSELS ......................................................................................................62
12.1 General ............................................................................................................ 62
12.2 Pig Traps .......................................................................................................... 62
12.3 Valves .............................................................................................................. 62
13. INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROL, SECURITY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ...64

13.1 General Requirements .................................................................................... 64
13.2 Pipeline Operating Philosophy ........................................................................ 65
13.3 Communication Buildings ............................................................................... 67
13.4 Back-up Communications System .................................................................. 67
13.5 Telecommunications ....................................................................................... 67
13.6 Security ............................................................................................................ 68
APPENDIX A UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ............................................................1

APPENDIX B PIPELINE DESIGN FACTORS .....................................1

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The current document was developed on the basis of document 10760-PHL-EN-00-001

Rev 2 - FEED & EIA for Natural Gas Interconnector Greece – Bulgaria (IGB) Project -
by Consortium “Penspen Limited – C&M Engineering S.A.

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“I C G B” AD
Introduction
1.1 General
ICGB AD is a company set up and existing under Bulgarian law and

hereafter known as the CONTRACTING ENTITY. The CONTRACTING
ENTITY awarded the consortium of Penspen Ltd and C&M Engineering SA,
known hereafter as the CONTRACTOR with the Front End Engineering
Design (FEED) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and GASTEC
BG AD with the Engineering of Technical Design in Bulgaria for a
proposed 32” diameter high pressure gas pipeline, called the “Gas
Interconnector Greece – Bulgaria” (IGB).
The IGB buried pipeline will transport natural gas over the border between
Greece and Bulgaria, connecting at Komotini with DESFA system and TAP
pipeline (as an option) in Greece with an existing gas pipeline near the
Bulgarian town of Stara Zagora. The proposed pipeline will measure a
total distance of approximately 182.54 km, (31.63 km in Greece and
150.91 km in Bulgaria).
The design of this bi-directional pipeline system shall be in accordance

with the internationally recognised codes of practice: EN1594, EN ISO
3183:2012 and ASME B31.8, and also in conjunction with National
Regulations, for the safe transportation of 3 bNcmy of gas initially, with
the provision for the future expansion up to a maximum technical capacity
of 5 bNcmy. The project also includes the construction of the associated
Above Ground Installations (AGIs).
1.2 Purpose of Document
The purpose of this document is to provide a basis for all aspects of design
for the Interconnector Greece Bulgaria Pipeline Project in order to realise a
gas pipeline that provides a high level of reliability, availability and safety.
The basis will promote simplicity, robustness and will enable design for
minimal capital and lifecycle costs.
The basis will outline requirements for the design of automatic remote
operation and performance monitoring, with the provision for manual
intervention and operation when required. A consistent design approach
with common functionality for the whole pipeline system will be outlined.
Due to differences between Greek and Bulgarian national legislation there
will be some unavoidable design differences for the pipeline in the two
territories.

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2. Definitions and Abbreviations
2.1 Definitions
CONTRACTING ENTITY: ICGB AD;
CONTRACTOR: Engineering of FEED – Consortium formed by

C&M Engineering SA and Penspen Ltd.
Engineering of Technical Design in Bulgaria –
GASTEC BG AD
SUPPLIER : Supplier of Equipment or Materials
Throughout this document the following terminology is used:
“must” : signifies a legal or statutory requirement
“shall” : signifies a requirement made mandatory by this

specification
“may” : signifies a feature, which is discretionary in the

context in which it is applied
“will” : signifies a feature which the CONTRACTOR /

SUPPLIERS may assume to be already present.
2.2 Abbreviations
AC Alternating Current
AFD Approved for Design
AGI Above Ground Installation
AGRS Automated Gas Regulating Station
API American Petroleum Institute
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
ATEX Atmosphere Explosive

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BMS Building Management System
bNcmy Billion Normal Cubic Meters per Year
CAPEX Capital Expenditure
CCTV Closed Circuit Television
CP Cathodic Protection
DBM Design Basis Memorandum
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
ESD Emergency Shut Down
Ex ’d’ Explosion Proof (flameproof)
Ex ’p’ Explosion Proof (pressurised)
EExi Explosion Proof (intrinsically safe)
F&G Fire and Gas
FEED Front End Engineering Design
FOC Fibre Optic Cable
GMS Gas Metering Station
HDD Horizontal Directional Drilling
HDPE High Density Polyethylene
HSAW Helical Seam Submerged Arc Welded
HV High Voltage

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HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
HYSYS Proprietary Gas Modelling System
IEC International Electro-technical Commission
IR Infra-Red
IO Input Output
ISO International Standards Organisation
LSAW Longitudinal Seam Submerged Arc Welded
MIP Maximum Incidental Pressure
MOP Maximum Operating Pressure
MNcmd Million Normal Cubic Meters per Year
NMS Network Management System
OPEX Operational Expenditure
PCS Process Control System
PLDS Pipeline Leak Detection System
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
RCC Remote Control and Communication
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SCC Sub Control Centre

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SI International System of Units
UCP Unit Control Panel
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene

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3. Applicable Codes and Standards
The pipeline system and associated facilities shall comply with national
regulations and international codes, norms and legislation applicable for
the design, gaining of permits, licenses, authorisations and operation of
pipelines and associated facilities in Bulgaria and Greece.
The applicable project norms and legislation are provided in project

document List of Applicable Norms and Legislation, document number
10760-LST-EN-00-001 and List of Applicable standards applied in the
relevant parts of the Technical design.

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4. Design Data
4.1 Basic Design Data
4.1.1 Design Life
The design life of the major items shall be a minimum of 50 (fifty)

years. Major items include the pipeline and cathodic protection system,
Automated Gas Regulating Stations (AGRS), Gas Metering Stations
(GMS), pig launcher/receiver facilities and block valve stations. Some
components within the above major items may have a design life less
than 50 years. In these cases the reduced design life and component
replacement will need to be incorporated into the eventual pipeline
asset management system.
4.1.2 Units
The units used for all calculations and in all drawings and
documentation are listed in Appendix A.
4.1.3 Battery Limits
The battery limits for the IGB pipeline System are as follows:
• Tie-in to upstream transmission system at Komotini (National

Gas Transmission System),Option the tie-in to TAP, Greece
• Weld cap for connection to downstream distribution system or
consumer at Kardjali Off-take (Citygas AD), Bulgaria
• Tie-in to downstream transmission system at Dimitrovgrad Off-
take (Bulgartransgaz), Bulgaria
• Tie-in to downstream transmission system at Stara Zagora
(Bulgartransgaz), Bulgaria
4.1.4 Gas Base Conditions
All gas volumetric flows in this document are referred to the following
Normal Conditions:
Normal Pressure: 101.325 kPa

Normal Temperature: 0°C
The overall control scheme shall also cover the monitoring of gas quality
within the pipeline system with gas chromatographs located at all fiscal
metering stations.

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4.2 Design, Operating and Incidental Pressures
4.2.1 Pipeline Design Pressure, MOP and MIP
Pipeline Design Pressure: 80 barg

Pipeline MOP: 75 barg
Pipeline MIP: 82.5
The pipeline MIP has been set at 110% MOP.
4.2.2 Above Ground Installation Design Pressure, MOP and MIP
AGI Piping Design Pressure: 80 barg

AGI Process Equipment Design 82.5 barg
Pressure
AGI MOP: 75 barg
AGI MIP: 86.25 barg
The MIP for AGIs has been set at 115% MOP in accordance with the EN
1594 Section 6.3. The station MIP is set slightly higher than the pipeline
MIP to facilitate the setting of vessel pressure relief valves (for the
protection of isolated AGI piping spools and vessels in the event of a
station fire).
4.3 Supply and Delivery Pressures
4.3.1 Supply and Delivery Pressures – Flow from Greece to Bulgaria
The following supply and delivery pressures are applicable for pipeline
flows in the direction from Greece to Bulgaria only:
Greece to Bulgaria operation
Free Flow Supply pressure from

Condition – 45 barg
Komotini
without
compression at Delivery pressure to
Kipi border 42 barg
station Stara Zagora

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“I C G B” AD
Free Flow Supply pressure from

57 barg
Condition – Komotini
with
compression at Delivery pressure to
42 barg
Kipi border Stara Zagora
station
With Supply pressure from

57 barg
compression on Komotini
IGB Pipeline
and
Delivery pressure to
compression at 52 barg*
Stara Zagora
Kipi Border
Station
*For this case slight pressure reduction may be required at Stara

Zagora GMS so that the delivery pressure is compatible with the
downstream Bulgartransgaz system (which has a design pressure of 54
barg).
4.3.2 Supply and Delivery Pressures – Flow from Bulgaria to Greece
The following supply and delivery pressures are applicable for pipeline
flows in the direction of Bulgaria to Greece only:
Bulgaria to Greece operation

Supply pressure from
40.4 barg
Stara Zagora
Free Flow
Condition Delivery pressure to
36.23 barg
Komotini
Supply pressure from

With 40.4 barg
Stara Zagora
Compression on
Delivery pressure to
IGB pipeline 57 barg
Komotini

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“I C G B” AD
4.4 Gas Design and Operating Temperatures
Maximum gas design temperature: 60°C
Maximum gas operating temperature: 50°C
Gas temperatures between a future gas compressor and gas cooler

could be higher. This shall require separate analysis during detailed
design for a future compressor station.
4.5 Pipeline and AGI Piping Design Temperatures
4.5.1 Pipeline Design Temperatures
Minimum design temperature (underground)

0°C
Minimum design temperature (above ground)
-29°C
Maximum design temperature (underground)
40°C
Maximum design temperature (above ground)
80°C
Minimum allowable low temperature excursion for
-14°C
unusual operations (e.g. blowdowns) for the entire
length of the pipeline
Minimum design temperature for station blowdown vent -48°C

piping (downstream of the last isolation / blowdown
valves)
4.5.2 Above Ground Installation Piping Design Temperatures
Minimum design temperature - underground -29°C

Minimum design temperature - above ground -29°C
Maximum design temperature - underground 40°C
Maximum design temperature - above ground 80°C

Maximum design temperature - above ground, under
60°C
shelter

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“I C G B” AD
Maximum design temperature - above ground, in

60°C
building
Minimum design temperature for station blowdown vent

piping (downstream of the last isolation / blowdown -48°C
valves)”
4.6 Gas Flow Distribution from the Supply Facilities
The design will be based on the following steady state flows:
Gas Capacity
System gas capacity
(bNcmy)
Initial 3
Future 5
The following gas flow distribution for Greece to Bulgaria operations has
been assumed for the IGB pipeline project:
Flow Gas Distribution Gas Flowrate (bNcmy)
System Capacity Initial Future
Kardjali 0.08 0.08
Dimitrovgrad 0.66 1.09
Stara Zagora 2.34 3.83
Total 3 5
Notes:
1. Flows to Kardjali and Dimitrovgrad as per ICGB letter dated 13 th September
2011.
2. Flow to Stara Zagora to be confirmed by the Client.
3. Full flow (3BNCMY and 5 BNCMY) without offtakes shall also be possible.
For the reverse flow mode, it has been assumed that the flow
distribution to the intermediate consumption centres remains the same,

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“I C G B” AD
and that the flow to Komotini is equal to the gas flowrate to Stara
Zagora.
A load factor of 0.9 has been assumed and applied to the yearly
flowrates. Hence, applying this load factor, the daily gas flowrates are:
Flow Gas Distribution Gas Flowrate (MNcmd)
System Capacity Initial Future
Kardjali 0.24 0.24
Dimitrovgrad 2.01 3.32
Stara Zagora 7.12 11.66
Total 9.13 15.22
Notes:
1. Load factor to be confirmed by the Client.
2. Flows to Kardjali and Dimitrovgrad as per ICGB letter dated 13 th September
2011.
3. Flows to Stara Zagora to be confirmed by the Client.
4.7 Gas Specification and Quality
The IGB Pipeline system shall be able to handle and efficiently transfer
gas with composition ranges in accordance with Greek legislation. The
gas composition and water content to be used for the IGB FEED, as
confirmed by the response to Technical Query reference number 10760-
PM-TQ-002, is given in the table below.

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Concentration (mol%)
Greek Code
Greek Gas Bulgarian
Component
Gas Gas
Methane (CH4) 94.08 78.50 97.8396
Ethane (C2H6) 2.80 7.57 0.8537
Propane (C3H8) 0.70 2.52 0.2792
i-Butane (iC4H10) 0.0459
n-Butane (n C4H10) 0.28 Note 2 1.58 Note 2 0.0461
i-Pentane (iC5H12) 0.0090
n-Pentane (n C5H12) 0.09 Note 3 0.63 Note 3 0.0065
Hexane (C6H14) 0.0059
Nitrogen (N2) 1.81 6.0 0.6198
Carbon Dioxide
0.22 3.0 0.2943
(CO2)
Oxygen (O2) 0.02 0.2 0.00
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hydrocarbon Dew -56.7°C at -3.9°C at 55 -76.8°C at 55

Point 55 barg barg barg
Lower Heating Value 36.7 MJ/Nm3 38.2 MJ/Nm3 36.1 MJ/Nm3
Higher Heating
40.7 MJ/Nm3 42.2 MJ/Nm3 40.1 MJ/Nm3
Value
Notes
1. Gas is considered dry, i.e. water dew point will be confirmed by the Client at
the stage - commercial contracts and specifications
2. The split of butane between n-Butane and i-Butane is not known. The C4
content is assumed to be n-Butane (Greek gas).
3. For simulation purposes, the C5H12+ component (Greek gas) will be
simulated as n-Pentane.
4.8 Pressure Losses

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The following facility pressure losses will be applied during the

development of the pipeline design due to good engineering practice:
4.8.1
Initial and Future
Flows
GMS 0.0barg
(3 bNcmy and 5
bNcmy)
All Flows Block Valve Stations 0.0 barg
Note: Facility pressure drop is 0 bar due to the close values of the starting
and ending pressure in hydraulic simulation. Since at low speeds the
pressure drop in the AGI tends to zero is passed a value of zero.
4.8.2
Initial and Future
Flows
GMS 0.5barg
(3 bNcmy and 5
bNcmy)
All Flows Block Valve Stations 0.0 barg
4.9 Maximum Flow Velocities
In accordance with good engineering practice to maintain acceptable

pressure drops, erosion rates and noise levels, the maximum gas
velocity in the Pipeline and AGI piping will not exceed 15 m/s during
normal operation and criteria regarding ρv2 to be less than 10000Pa
should also be met.
4.10 Environmental Data
Air temperature Max. summer in shade: +44 °C

Mean summer: +25°C
Min. winter: -24°C
Mean winter: +5°C
Max. material surface temperature (summer in sun): 80°C

Design air temperature for winterising: -21°C
Design air temperature for fire water winterising: -24°C
Design temperature for hot service: -21°C
Relative air humidity Minimum: 41%

Maximum: 85%
Mean 67%

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Precipitation Max. recorded rainfall in 1 h 36 mm

Max. recorded rainfall in 24 h 232 mm
Design snow load: Acc. to EN 1991-1-3
Max. soil temperature at 1.5 m depth: +22°C

Min. soil temperature at 1.5 m depth: +6°C
Design wind load: Acc. to EN 1991-1-4
The above environmental data is subject to agreement with ICGB AD.
4.11 Seismic Data
Sections of the pipeline route will be constructed in areas prone to

seismic activity/earthquakes. The facilities and equipment, including the
pipeline and other associated above ground installations, shall be
designed to survive design seismic events.
Suitable pipeline design measures shall be implemented at seismic

zones/fault locations to mitigate the impact of any seismic activity.
Earthquake resistant design methods shall be applied in the design of
buildings and structures at all AGIs in accordance with the detailed
requirements of the seismic code. These design mitigation measures
aim to reduce the effects of seismic activity on the pipeline and
maintain maximum availability.
Seismic loads of pipeline: According to seismic hazard assessment

study
Seismic Design Code

EN 1998 / Ordinance No Rd-02-20-2 of
27th of January 2012 for the Design of
buildings and structures in earthquake
areas (Bulgaria), and EAK 2000 (Greece),
see section 8.11.5
Seismic risk zone in Greece Zone 1
Design ground peak 0.16g

acceleration for
Building/Structures in
Greece:

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“I C G B” AD
Seismic risk zone in VII or VIII or XI (depending on location)

Bulgaria
Design ground peak 0.10 or 0.15g or 0.27g (depending on
acceleration for location)
Building/Structures in
Bulgaria:
Importance Category for Seismic level IX according Ordinance No
Building/Structures Rd-02-20-2 of 27th of January 2012 for
the Design of buildings and structures in
earthquake areas or Category Σ4 to EAK
2000, see section 8.11.5.

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5. Pipeline Design
5.1 General
The pipeline, block valves, AGIs and associated piping shall be designed
in accordance with Bulgarian Ordinances, DESFA Standards and the
latest applicable codes and standards listed in project document List of
Applicable Norms and Legislation: 10760-LST-EN-00-001 and List of
Applicable standards applied in the relevant parts of the Technical
design. Note that the Bulgarian Ordinances will apply in Bulgaria only,
and the DESFA Standards will apply in Greece only.
The principal design standard to be applied to the pipeline, in

accordance with EU Regulations, shall be the latest edition of EN 1594
and EN ISO 3183:2012 . This standard recognises that it is not a design
handbook or code of practice and that where insufficient guidance is
given it shall be supplemented by national or company standards.
EN 1594 does not give full consideration of design factors regarding the
routing of pipelines in areas of increased population or at crossings, nor
does it deal with decompression cooling (e.g. during pipeline venting).
In these cases the requirements of Bulgarian Ordinances, Greek
regulations, ASME B31.8 and industry norms shall be applied.
5.2 Alternative Route Options
Within Bulgarian territory, two alternative pipeline routes, called the

Eastern and Western Routing Corridors, were investigated.
The routes begin near the Makaza Pass (on the Greek border in the
south of the country). They terminate at a convergence point adjacent
to an existing pipeline, just north of the town of Haskovo. From this
convergence point the IGB Pipeline route continues north, generally
running parallel to the existing pipeline, and terminates at the proposed
GMS / PS2 facility and the connection to the existing gas network, near
Stara Zagora.
The routes have been established and professional judgement used to

assess and compare the two routing corridor options in terms of their
environmental, social and economic impacts to offer a preferred route
for approval.
The chosen route meets all above mentioned requirements and criteria
and Tehnical design is development on it.
5.3 Reference Coordinate System
Three coordinate reference systems will be used for the routing of the
pipeline. The local system to be used in Bulgarian territory will be the
System 1970 (Local B BG70). The local system to be used in Greece will

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be HAGS 87. To aid with continuity the WGS 84 (geoid) UTM35N system
will be used across the entire pipeline.
5.4 Pipeline diameter and length
The pipeline will have a nominal Outside Diameter (OD) of 32 inches

(813 mm). The overall horizontal length of the pipeline is 182.54 km,
(31.63 km in Greece and 150.91 km in Bulgaria).
5.5 Wall Thickness
Pipeline wall thickness have been calculated as part of the FEED study
in accordance with EN 1594. No corrosion allowance will be added to
pipeline wall thicknesses.
5.6 Location Classification and Design Factors
The pipeline Location Classes and Design Factors (DF) shall be assigned
in accordance with Bulgarian ordinances and Greek regulations,
supplemented where appropriate by the guidance given in ASME B31.8.
Design factors shall in no case be higher than the maximum values
allowed by EN 1594.
A four tier location classification system will be used (location classes 1,

2, 3 and 4). For the determination of location classes all buildings
intended for human occupation, located within a 0.4 km wide zone
centred on the pipeline, shall be considered. For any 1.6 km length of
pipeline the number of features and properties within the zone shall be
used as a basis for assigning the location class.
When a highly localised cluster of buildings intended for human

occupancy indicates that a 1.6 km length of pipeline should be assigned
a location class of 2 or 3, the location class 2 or 3 may be terminated
200 m from the nearest building in the cluster.
The following sections detail specific Bulgarian and Greek location

classification and design factor requirements. Due to slight differences
between Bulgarian and Greek requirements, it has been necessary to
separate the two.
Refer to the tables in Appendix B for a summary of the pipeline design

factors to be used for the Bulgarian and Greek territories, including
localised design factors applicable at various pipeline crossings (road,
railway, river, seismic fault, HDD crossings etc.).
5.6.1 Bulgarian Location Classification Requirements
The following location classification system is based on the

requirements detailed in the “Bulgarian Ordinance as per art. 200(1) of
the Energetics Act”, Article 13 and the Bulgarian “Ordinance on the

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structure and safe operation of transmission and distribution pipelines

and facilities, installations and equipment for gas”, Article 13.
For the 0.4 km wide, 1.6 km long zones:
Class 1: 10 or less buildings intended for human occupancy
Class 2: more than 10, but less than 46 buildings intended for human
occupancy
Class 3: 45 or more buildings intended for human occupancy, or any

building or area within 100 m of the pipeline where regular
concentrated gatherings of people may occur. A concentrated gathering
is defined as a group of 20 or more people, gathering for at least 5 days
a week for at least 10 weeks a year (the weeks do not need to be
consecutive). This requirement may apply to religious buildings,
schools, recreation areas, theatres etc.
Class 4: Areas with multi-storey buildings (4 or more levels) intended

for human occupancy.
For multiple dwelling buildings (e.g. blocks of flats or apartments), each

flat should be counted as a separate building intended for human
occupancy.
5.6.2 Bulgarian Design Factor Requirements
The following design factors are based on the requirements detailed in

the “Bulgarian Ordinance as per art. 200(1) of the Energetics Act”,
Article 14 and the Bulgarian “Ordinance on the structure and safe
operation of transmission and distribution pipelines and facilities,
installations and equipment for gas”, Article 14.
Bulgarian Pipeline Design Factor Requirements

Location Class Design Factor
1 0.72
2 0.6
3 0.5
4 0.4
The following additional design factor requirements will apply at specific

locations / crossings.
A design factor of 0.6 or less will apply in location class 1 areas:
• Through swamps, rivers, streams

• When crossing railway lines

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• When crossing highways (motorways) and national roads, class

I, II and III
• When crossing high voltage overhead powerlines (> 110kV)
• For the buried pipeline and facilities located within 10m
upstream or downstream of an AGI.
A design factor of 0.5 or less will apply in location class 2 areas where
the pipeline crosses a road without casing.
A design factor of 0.5 or less will apply for all AGI piping. This includes
all block valve, pigging (launcher and receiver), GMS, AGRS and
compressor station piping.
In the absence of any guidance from Bulgarian ordinances, the following

design factors have been assumed for other specific locations /
crossings. Note that these assumptions are in accordance with the
advice from the Bulgarian consultant Gastec, the requirements of EN
1594, ASME B31.8 and industry norms.
• A design factor of 0.4 will be used for the crossing of any active
seismic faults. The design factor shall extend a minimum 200 m
either side of each fault.
• Pipe used for HDD crossings will have a design factor of 0.4
• River and stream crossings shall adopt the same design factor as
for swamp crossings (i.e. 0.6 or less).
• Where the pipeline crosses local or municipal public roads and is
uncased, a design factor of 0.5 or less shall apply.
• Where the pipeline crosses private sealed or dirt tracks, a design
factor of 0.72 or less shall apply.
It has been noted that the Bulgarian requirements are closely aligned
with ASME B31.8.
5.6.3 Greek Location Classification Requirements
Greek location classification requirements will follow the above detailed

Bulgarian requirements, with the exception that location class 3 shall be
assigned to any building or area within 200 m of the pipeline where
regular concentrated gatherings of people may occur, rather than 100
m. Also, the definition of “regular concentrated gatherings” remains
open to interpretation on a case by case basis.
5.6.4 Greek Design Factor Requirements
Greek design factor requirements will follow the above detailed

Bulgarian requirements, with the exception that Greek roads types are
divided into the following categories:
• Existing or future highways and sealed public roads

• Private roads

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• Unsealed roads
Different design factors apply to the above road types, depending on

whether the road is cased or uncased. The design factors are similar to
those used for Bulgarian roads, and are tabulated in Appendix B.
5.7 Pipeline materials
5.7.1 General
Line pipe shall be in accordance with EN ISO 3183:2012, supplemented

by “Technical specification for supply of line pipes DN800 / 32”. The
material grade L450ME, EN ISO 3183:2012, level PSL 2 including Annex
M. Both type of manufacturing process LSAW and HSAW are applicable
for linepipe. Only LSAW is applicable for cold bending
The principal requirements of the linepipe specification are good

weldability, consistent and close dimensional tolerances at the ends to
facilitate automatic or manual welding.
For longitudinally welded pipe, the longitudinal seam shall be welded

using the submerged arc welding process. The longitudinal weld metal,
associated heat affected zone and the parent pipe material shall be
subject to fracture toughness testing in accordance with EN ISO
3183:2012. After cold expansion and hydrostatic pressure testing the
full length of the longitudinal seam weld and heat affected zones shall
be subject to ultrasonic inspection in accordance with EN ISO
3183:2012.
Helical seam (spiral) pipe will be considered with the above appropriate
requirements equally valid.
The final selection of pipe mill shall be determined after a detailed

technical audit by an experienced pipe mill inspector, with extensive mill
and field experience with both types of pipe.
5.7.2 Internal Roughness
The line pipe shall be internally lined with an epoxy lining to improve
the flow properties and minimise corrosion during storage. The value for
internal surface roughness, as used in the hydraulic model of the line
pipe, will be assumed to be 0.0152 mm.
5.7.3 Material Thermal Properties
The thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and density for the steel
line pipe and various coatings are provided in the table below:
Concrete Thermal conductivity 2.0 W/m.K

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coating Thickness Refer to 10760-CLC-P0-002

(if required)
Specific heat 650 J/kg.K
2240 kg/m³ (normal density
Density concrete)
3040 kg/m³ (high density

concrete)
Thermal conductivity 0.5 W/m.K
3-Layer PE 3.5 mm
Total Thickness
corrosion
coating Specific heat 1850 J/kg.K
Density 940 kg/m³
Thermal conductivity 50.0 W/m.K
Thickness As per Section 5.5

Steel pipe
Specific heat 500 J/kg.K
Density 7850 kg/m³
The data utilized above has been sourced from Pipeline Simulation
Software package, Perry's Chemical Engineers Handbook, 7th Edition
and Borealis Group/SK Corporation Product Literature.
5.8 Pipeline Bends
Bends are required in the pipeline to accommodate changes in vertical

and horizontal alignment and shall be indicated on the alignment sheets
produced during the FEED.
Hot bends are provided along the route due to the steep terrain along
the route, minimization of the affected property and reducing the depth
of pipeline laying.
Hot Induction Bending: the minimum bend radius shall be five times the
pipe diameter (5D) on all pipeline sections that will require pigging.
Cold Bending: All cold bends (field bends) shall have a minimum bend
radius of 40D and shall be formed using a cold field bending machine
with an internal mandrel.
The FEED will determine the quantity and bend angles for hot induction
bends to facilitate long lead item procurement.

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5.9 Barred Tees
Barred Tees shall be used on all pipeline sections that will require
pigging. They shall meet the requirements of EN 14870-2. Tees shall be
designed to allow free passage in either direction of all pig types used
during typical pipeline testing, inspection and maintenance operations
(including intelligent pigs). All changes in internal diameter shall be
provided with a smooth internal transition.
5.10 Pipeline Leak Detection System
Pipeline leak detection and integrity monitoring requirements will be

evaluated during the FEED. A SCADA (Dynamic Volume Balance,
Pressure/Flow Deviations) based Leak Detection System shall be used
on the IGB gas pipeline and are provided in project documents : 10760-
IN-ST-01-001, 10760-PHL-PR-00-002, 10760-RPT-IN-ST-001, 10760-SPC-IN-
00-008, 10760-SPC-IN-ST-005 and in the relevant parts of the Technical
design. For block valves will be provided automatic shut down system.
5.11 Corrosion protection
5.11.1 External Coatings
The pipeline, valves and fittings shall be protected against external

corrosion by protective coating systems.
Linepipe shall be factory coated using a 3 Layer Polyethylene (3LPE)

coating system with a thickness of 3.5 mm. External coatings on two
HDD crossings on Bulgarian territory is concrete coating with 50 mm
thickness are provided in project documents: IGB-04-FEED-
II.2.1.1.29.1 and IGB-04-FEED-II.2.1.2.52.1.
Induction bends, buried valves, fittings and other specials shall be
protected against corrosion by a polyurethane coating system. The
coating shall only be applied in a fully enclosed, controlled environment
building.
Pipeline girth welds shall be field coated using a polyurethane coating

system.
5.11.2 Cathodic protection
A cathodic protection system shall be implemented to provide protection

in conjunction with the coating system. Each CP station shall include a
ground-bed comprising anodes in a carbonaceous backfill, energised
either by a transformer rectifier or photovoltaic unit.
The pipeline shall be isolated at the above ground/below ground

transition points, tie-ins and when connecting the pipe to a device that
requires electrical grounding. The isolation of the pipeline shall be via
monolithic insulating joints.

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Each isolating joint shall be fitted with a decoupling device to allow the
flow of AC current to the grounded structures if AC fault and lightning
currents have occurred on the pipeline during operation. The need for
induced AC current mitigation measures shall be assessed in locations
where the pipeline runs parallel to HV power cables.
5.11.3 Monolithic Insulating Joints
Monolithic Insulating Joints will be used along the pipeline length at

above/below ground transition points to provide reliable electrical
isolation. Monolithic insulating joints shall meet the requirements of EN
1594 and PED 97/23/EC and shall allow passage of all pigs used during
typical pipeline testing, inspection and maintenance operations
(including intelligent pigs). All changes in internal diameter shall be
provided with a smooth internal transition.
5.12 Welding
Welding procedures and field welding shall comply with the detailed
project welding specifications supplementary to EN 12732. The welding
procedures shall be qualified using project pipe, bends and fittings
materials. Piping and vessels for underground installations shall have
only butt welded joints.
5.13 Non-Destructive Examination
All welds shall be 100% visually examined in accordance with EN

12732.
All welds shall be 100% x-rayed or 100% automatically ultrasonic

tested in accordance with EN 12732.
All welds completed using Gas Metal Arc Welding Process (automatic,
mechanised or manual), or cored wire welding, shall be automatically
ultrasonic tested in accordance with EN 12732.
All branches, nozzles and fillet welds shall be 100% inspected using
Magnetic Particle Inspection. Where fittings are attached by butt welds,
the roots of the weld shall be examined from the bore by MPI where
access is possible.
“Golden welds” are welds which are not pressure tested in the field and
shall be 100% visually examined, 100% x-radiographed, 100%
ultrasonic tested and 100% magnetic particle tested in accordance with
EN 12732 and project specifications.
5.14 Pressure Testing

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Pressure testing of the pipeline system shall be performed in accordance

to EN 1594, EN 12327 and project specifications.
A strength test and tightness test shall be carried out. The tightness
test may be combined with the strength test.
The test pressure shall be calculated in accordance with EN 1594. There

may be instances when pre-testing may be appropriate (e.g. the testing
of HDD strings prior to installation).
In mountainous areas the static head due to increased elevation will be

considered and heavier pipeline wall thicknesses may be specified at
certain locations to increase allowable test section elevation differences,
and thus reduce the number of test sections required.
5.15 Depth of Cover
The pipeline shall be installed in accordance with EN1594 and the depth
of cover to the top of pipe shall be a minimum of 1.0 m for the Greek
section and 0.8m for Bulgarian section (in accordance with art. 34, para
1 under the Ordinance on development and safe operation of
transmission and distribution gas pipelines and auxiliary natural gas
facilities, installations and equipmen). The minimum depth will be
increased at certain locations (e.g. rail and major road crossings), as
defined in project drawings.
5.16 Crossings
5.16.1 General
The design and construction of crossings shall follow the requirements

of national legislation / ordinances, relevant codes and affected third
parties.
5.16.2 Watercourse Crossings
Crossing procedures shall be in accordance with all relevant ordinances,

national codes and standards, so that permits from relevant authorities
may be obtained.
Watercourse crossing design shall consider the following:
• River bed stability,

• River bank stability,
• River scour,
• River maintenance works (dredging, etc.),
• Future works (including bank piling, realignment, etc.),
• Ground conditions,

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• Seismic activity,
• Flood zones, and
• Environmental impact.
The two major watercourse crossings (River Maritza and Studen

Kladenets Lake), will be crossed using the Horizontal Directional Drilling
(HDD) method. HDD installation calculations and drawings will be
produced for both of these crossings. All other watercourses will be
crossed via the open cut method. The exceptions are two river crossings
via auger boring on the territory of Bulgaria, which are hydromeliorative
facilities. Appropriate attention and mitigation (including contingency)
will be given to environmental impact and pollution control as a result of
the works.
5.16.3 Road and Rail Crossings
Minor roads will generally be crossed via the open cut method. Rail and
major road crossings will be made via auger boring, subject to relevant
authority / third party approval.
The design shall mitigate CP interference caused by third party

infrastructure (e.g. electrical cables, third party CP systems, induced
voltages from HV power etc.).
The minimum depths of cover at crossings shall be in accordance

with national codes/ordinances and standards.
5.16.4 Service Crossings
The design of third party service crossings (e.g. water mains, gas
mains, telecommunications, electrical cables, drainage pipes etc.) shall
generally be via the open cut method and shall comply with third party
requirements for the protection of the existing services.
Additional protection shall be considered at service crossings where

there is an increased risk of damage or interference, which will be one
or more of the following:
• Pipeline marker tape

• Insulating sheet between the third party service and pipeline
• Increased pipe wall thickness
A minimum vertical separation of 400 mm shall be maintained between

IGB pipeline and existing third party services/structures where codes
and national / local legislation and/or service owners do not specify a
minimum safety distance.

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5.17 Existing Pipeline Separation Distance
Where practicable the new pipeline shall be constructed parallel with

existing pipeline corridors along various sections of the route. In these
instances, all construction and operational risks associated with close
proximity shall be taken into consideration.
Within the Bulgarian section a minimum separation distance of 28 m

between an existing pipeline and a new pipeline is required in
agricultural areas. This is reduced to 15 m in non-agricultural areas.
Within the Greek territory the minimum separation distance shall be in

accordance with the pipeline operator’s requirements and in no case
shall be less than 3 m. For gas or hazardous liquid pipelines a minimum
separation of 10 m is recommended.
5.18 HDPE Conduit

Telecommunications with block valve stations will be via Fiber Optic
Cable (FOC). The FOC shall be installed in a High Density Polyethylene
(HDPE) conduit.
On the Greek territory the FOC will be laid in the trench of the gas pipe.
On Bulgarian territory the FOC will be installed in a separate trench at a
distance of 7 m on the right side of the gas pipeline axis.
Two HDPE conduits will be installed in parallel to the pipeline on Greek
territory.
Three HDPE conduits will be installed in parallel to the pipeline on
Bulgarian territory– two of them at distance of 7m (main and backup)
and the third in the trench of the gas pipe.
5.19 Pipeline Trench
5.19.1 Trench Design
The trench for pipeline installation will be excavated in accordance with

international practices. The depth and width of the trench will be
designed to provide sufficient space for proper pipe laying, compaction
of bedding, padding and backfill material. The pipeline trench will be
sufficiently deep to provide the required minimum depth of cover.
Depending on local geology and soil conditions the trench wall slope will
be adjusted to ensure trench wall stability during construction. In areas
where a high water table is encountered trench dewatering and
drainage measures will be foreseen. The pipeline trench cross section
will be modified at locations where special pipeline protection measures
are required (e.g. active fault crossings).
The pipeline trench design will be elaborated in the relevant project

standard drawings and specifications. Local conditions including ease of

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excavation, stability and compressibility of soil, as well as underground

water table and existing networks will be adequately accounted for in
the drawings and specifications.
5.19.2 Backfilling
The pipeline trench fill will, in general, consist of bedding, padding and
backfill material.
The bedding course will provide adequate and uniform support

conditions for the foundation of the pipeline to be laid. Padding will
provide complete encasement of the pipeline within a protective cushion
of fill material. In general, clean natural or quarry sand will be used for
the construction of bedding and padding courses, except in areas where
suitable select trench excavation material is available for that purpose.
Pipeline warning and identification mesh or concrete flagstones will be

provided in accordance with project drawings to indicate the location of
the pipeline.
Backfilling of the pipe trench will provide adequate cover to the pipeline
and will be designed to avoid undesirable settlements at the ground
surface. In general, backfill material will consist of selected trench
excavation material, except in road crossings where graded quarry
aggregates will be specified.
Special fill materials and fill construction methods will be specified

where pipeline protection measures are required (e.g. active fault
crossings).
Pipeline trench fill materials, compaction requirements and fill

construction methods will be fully specified and will cover all cases in
the relevant standard drawings and specifications to be developed.
5.20 Additional Protection Measures
Special pipeline protection measures will be designed and specified

where required to guarantee the integrity of the pipeline along the
route. Such measures will be installed in the following locations:
• Crossings with roads and motorways

• Crossings with railways
• Crossings with rivers, ravines and streams
• Crossings with third party services
• Areas with erosion potential (e.g. steep slopes)
• Crossings or parallel routing with active seismic faults
• Locations with potential slope instability problems
• High water table and muddy areas
In these locations pipeline protection measures will include, but not be

limited to, the following:

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• Additional depth of cover

• Specified minimum separation distance from third party service
• Pipeline marker mesh
• Concrete slabs and flag stones
• Pipeline casings (as required by Greek and Bulgarian legislation)
• Increased wall thickness
• Increased coating thickness (at HDD crossings)
• River, or ravine, bed erosion protection
• River, or ravine, bank erosion protection
• Slope drainage and stabilisation measures
• Special pipeline backfill
• Surface and subsurface erosion protection measures in sloped
terrain
• Buoyancy control measures
Pipeline protection measures, associated construction methods and

materials will be specified in standard drawings and specifications.

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6. Block Valve and Pigging Stations
6.1 Block Valve Stations
Block valves shall be installed on the pipeline for the purpose of

isolating the pipeline for maintenance and emergency response. Block
valve stations shall incorporate a bypass for use during commissioning,
maintenance or emergency operations.
The separation distance between Block Valves within Bulgaria shall be in
accordance with EN 1594 and shall not exceed 30 km.
Pipeline block valves will be gas over oil actuated with weld ends and
pups designed for welding directly to the adjacent linepipe. Valves shall
be buried and the actuator installed above ground within a secure
fenced compound.
6.2 Pipeline Pigging Stations
Pigging stations incorporating permanent bi-directional pig traps shall

be installed at each end of the pipeline at the above ground facilities at
Komotini and Stara Zagora.
The pig traps shall be designed for bi-directional operations and

therefore launchers and receivers will be identical.
The design shall consider the anticipated maximum length of cleaning

and inspection pigs which may be used during future operations and the
pig traps shall be sized accordingly.
Each pigging stations shall include the following:
• Weld end permanent bi-directional pig trap with quick opening

closure
• Above ground full bore weld end isolation valve
• Above ground off-take barred tee
• Above ground isolation joint for electrical isolation of the pipeline
Cathodic Protection system
• Above ground off-take valve
• Kicker line with isolation valve
• Balance line with isolation valve
• Pressure relief valve connected to the vent stack for
overpressure protection with a by-pass for the blowdown of pig
trap and depressurising / degassing of pipeline

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• Pig signaller to indicate the passage of pigs into or out of the

trap
• Drain line in order to drain off liquid moved through the pipeline
by pigs
• Nitrogen connection to purge the pig trap and ancillaries

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7. Gas Metering and Automated Gas Regulating Stations
7.1 General
Gas flow and pressure shall be controlled and metered at all input and
output points of the IGB Pipeline System for system control and custody
transfer purposes.
The stations shall be designed generally in accordance with EN 1776 –
‘Gas Supply – Natural Gas Measuring Stations – Functional
Requirements’ and EN 12186 – ‘Gas Supply Systems – Gas Pressure
Regulating Stations for Transmission and Distribution – Functional
Requirements’.
7.2 Filtration
The natural gas will enter the station and shall be conditioned by means
of horizontal, two stage filter-separator units that will remove solid
particles and liquid droplets that might be present in the incoming gas.
The filter-separator units will consist of identical runs mounted on
common inlet and outlet headers and will be equipped with liquid
holding capacities that can be manually drained into the draining
system.
The number of installed filter-separators is foreseen to follow an “n+1”
sparing philosophy. Stub-outs will be included for installation of further
units if required. Inlet and outlet valves will allow the filter separators
to be isolated. Filters can be by-passed.
7.3 Gas Pre-heating
Gas pre-heating units are located downstream of filtration. The pre-

heaters are used to prevent low gas temperature at station outlet due
to the pressure drop through the downstream regulating valves and
therefore to prevent freezing of the downstream line or hydrates or
condensate/water formation. Gas pre-heaters will be bypassed when
the pressure drop across the downstream regulating valves is low and
pre-heating is not required.
Gas pre-heaters at each station will be installed in pairs (1 duty, 1
stand-by), with common inlet and outlet headers. The headers will have
flanged ends to enable easy installation of additional heaters for any
future station capacity increase.
With the exception of the Kardjali AGRS, station gas pre-heaters will be
heat exchangers with hot water supplied via a separate hot water
package. At the Kardjali AGRS, lower but mainly continuous heating
requirements will enable the use of a gas fired water bath heater.
7.4 Gas Composition and Quality

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A gas analysis system shall be located downstream of the regulating

section for continuous determination and recording of gas composition
and quality. Gas chromatographs will measure gas component
concentrations. Dew point measurement shall be included.
7.5 Flow and Pressure Control
Pressure and flow control will be achieved by automatic flow control valves
using a duty / stand-by stream configuration suitable for achieving
maximum security of supply whilst maintaining the safety of the
downstream system. Control modes will include volumetric control with
high / low pressure overrides, direct valve control and pressure control. A
high capacity, low differential pressure stream will be included for
operation when the station differential pressure is very low. Gas pre-
heating will be provided where required to ensure adequate downstream
gas temperatures are maintained.
Stub-outs are provided for installation of future runs.
7.6 Metering
The gas flow is measured by a custody transfer metering system before

the gas is directed to the regulating system.
The flow metering system will be composed of several parallel meter

runs. The number of installed flow meters is foreseen to follow an “n+1”
sparing philosophy. Stub-outs will be included for installation of further
units if required. Inlet and outlet valves will allow the meters to be
isolated.
Two metering lines are forseen at GMS Komotini Dn600(24”)(one in
operation and one spare),whereas each metering line is equipped with
one bi-directional ultrasonic flow meter.
Three metering lines are foreseen at GMS Stara Zagora (two in
operation and one spare) Dn300 (12“) (IGB-04-FEED-III.3-DAT-IN-A2-
013) whereas each metering line is equipped with one bi-directional
ultrasonic flow meter.
Fiscal USMs shall be Class 1 meters as defined in ISO 17089-1 and shall
meet or exceed ISO 17089-1, Measuring Instruments Directive
2004/22/EC and AGA report No. 9 performance specifications with a
system uncertainty (mass flow) < ±1.0%, total USM uncertainty <
±0.7%, repeatability < 0.2%, resolution < 1 mm/s and maximum peak
to peak error of 0.7%.
From the above any total metering system error shall not exceed +/-
1.0% over the full operating range.
Explosion safety design is compulsory, with all equipment installed in

hazardous areas Ex-Certified.

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All fiscal/custody transfer metering systems shall have multiple meter

runs with a calibration regime in place. Gas chromatographs shall be an
integral part of the fiscal / custody transfer metering and shall be used
to derive physical properties used in the metering system.
Metering data shall be transferred to the SCADA system via the local
Station Control System and shall be available at Dispatch Centre /
Operational and Maintenance Base.
To maximise efficient construction and installation, the approach to the

mainline and off-take fiscal gas flow metering shall be to provide the
flow meters, valves and gas chromatographs, pressure and temperature
transmitters as a compete skid mounted package supplied with two flow
computers installed on each run and associated equipment mounted in
cabinets to be located in metering station control rooms.
This will provide a fully integrated system of an approved design, that

shall be tested, delivered to site and calibrated (across the complete
operating pressure range), and come complete with all the required
documentation to enable the project team to complete the hook-up with
the minimum of input.
7.7 Piping Design
Process gas piping for the stations shall be designed in accordance with
EN 1594, with the exception of low temperature process gas piping
(blowdown vents - downstream of the last isolation / throttling valve),
which will be designed in accordance with EN 13480. Station utility
piping shall be designed in accordance with EN 13480.
7.8 Utilities
7.8.1 Nitrogen
Nitrogen will be utilised for the continuous purge of closed drains and
venting systems and for inerting natural gas piping and equipment
during maintenance or system shutdown of each GMS and AGRS.
The Nitrogen supply system comprises two sources; a bottle rack

equipped with a pressure reduction system and a Nitrogen production
package capable of operating both continuously and intermittently.
The Nitrogen production package shall comprise of two (duty/standby)

air compressors, one water knock-out drum, two nitrogen generator
streams (duty/standby) and one nitrogen buffer drum.
7.8.2 Fuel Gas
Fuel gas packages are used for the supply of conditioned natural gas to
the hot water heaters.

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Each fuel gas package shall have a fuel gas in-line filtration system, fuel
gas heaters, a fuel gas pressure reduction system and a control and
protection system.
The gas flow rate shall be metered by one 100% capacity meter located
downstream of filtration, heating and pressure regulation.
7.8.3 Hot Water System
Hot water systems are installed at stations with gas pre-heater heat
exchangers.
Each hot water system comprises of a duty and stand-by hot water
boilers and one water storage tank.
The hot water system shall have one hot water expansion drum, two
hot water pumps (2x100%), two water heaters (2x100%) and
connections to the fuel gas system.
The water heater package shall be constructed on a welded structural

steel skid housed in a boiler room.
The water storage tank is used as a buffer supply and for collecting
discharge from pressure relief valves. The tank shall be fitted with a
pump to enable filling of the water circuit, mixing of the glycol/water
solution and unloading of the tank itself.
7.9 Noise Levels at AGIs
7.9.1 General Requirements
The following noise limit requirements will be satisfied for both Greek
and Bulgarian pipeline facilities.
Noise limits will be in accordance with Directive 2003/10/EC of the

European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Directive
2003/10/EC provides definitions for noise measurement parameters as
follows:
• Peak sound pressure (ppeak): maximum value of the “C”
frequency weighted instantaneous noise pressure.
• Daily noise exposure level (LEX,8h): time weighted average of the
noise exposure levels for a nominal eight hour working day as
defined by in ISO 1999. It covers all noises present at work,
including impulsive noise.
• Weekly noise exposure level (LEX,8h): time weighted average of
the daily noise exposure levels for a nominal week of five eight
hour working days as defined by in ISO 1999.

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Using the above noise measurement parameters, Directive 2003/10/EC

sets the following exposure limit and exposure action values:
• Exposure limit values: LEX,8h=87 dB(A) and ppeak=200 Pa

(140 dB(C) ref. 20 μPa).
• Upper exposure action values: LEX,8h=85 dB(A) and ppeak=140 Pa
(137 dB(C) ref. 20 μPa).
• Lower exposure action values: LEX,8h=80 dB(A) and ppeak=112 Pa
(135 dB(C) ref. 20 μPa).
When applying the exposure limit values, the determination of a
worker’s exposure shall take account of the attenuation provided by
individual hearing protection worn by the worker. The exposure action
values shall not take account of the effect of any such protection.
In locations where noise exposure varies significantly from day to day,

the weekly noise exposure level may be used in place of the daily noise
exposure level, provided the specific requirements detailed in Directive
2003/10/EC are met.
For sound power level measurements the reference sound power will be
10−12 W. For sound pressure level measurements the reference pressure
level will be 20 μPa.
In areas where the workers will be exposed to noise exceeding the

lower exposure action values, hearing protection shall be made
available to workers.
In areas where the workers will be exposed to noise exceeding the

upper exposure action values, appropriate warning signage, area
demarcation and entry restrictions (including mandatory hearing
protection), will be instated.
Under no circumstances shall worker exposure exceed the exposure

limit values.
7.9.2 Specific Greek Requirements
In addition to the above general requirements, the following plant

boundary noise limits will apply in Greece.
As per Greek Regulation P.D no. 1180/81, issued with Φ.Ε.Κ. 293 dated
6/10/1981, the sound pressure levels at AGI boundaries will be lower
than the values tabulated below. Sound meters will be used on the
SLOW response setting.

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Sound
Location Pressure Level
Limit
Purely industrial areas. 70 dB(A)
Areas with industrial installations prevailing. 65 dB (A)
Areas with industrial installations and residential
55 dB (A)
districts.
Areas with residential districts prevailing. 50 dB (A)
7.9.3 EIA Noise Requirements
In addition to the above noise limits, all limits specified in the final
project Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) shall be adhered to. If
the EIA limits are more stringent than those detailed in the above
sections, then the EIA requirements will be used.
7.9.4 Noise Limits for Individual Equipment Items
Equipment will be specified with consideration given to the minimisation

of noise emissions. If necessary, equipment will be supplied with
acoustic attenuation to ensure station noise requirements, as detailed in
the above sections, are met.
Detailed individual equipment item noise limit requirements are

provided in the project Specification for Noise Control (10760-SPC-ME-
00-103) and the designer has considered the requirements under
Hygiene Norm № 64 on the Maximum allowable noise levels on the
territory of Bulgaria applied in the relevant parts of the Technical
design.

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8. Civil Works for Block Valve, AGRS and GMS Stations
8.1 General
All AGI stations civil works required for the realization of the project,
including site preparation, earthworks, reinforced concrete works,
steelworks, site drainage, buildings and access roads, will be designed
in accordance with the latest editions of the applicable codes and
standards listed in project document 10760-LST-EN-00-001 “List of
Applicable Norms and Legislation” and in compliance with project
specific civil work job specifications and List of Applicable standards
applied in the relevant parts of the Technical design.
8.2 Building Terms and Associated Clearances
The plot plan of Block Valve Stations, Automated Gas Regulating

Stations and Gas Metering Stations has been prepared taking into
consideration minimum plan clearances between new installations, and
between new installations and existing installations and infrastructure,
or property limits. Station installations satisfy the clearances derived
from applicable Bulgarian or Greek building terms legislation, depending
on the location of each station. In case of multiple clearance
requirements, including safety requirements defined elsewhere, the
most stringent will apply.
8.3 Site Preparation & Earthworks
The property area of AGIs will be cleared of vegetation and the top soil
will be stripped. Apart from providing a sound foundation to near
surface construction works, top soil stripping will serve to inhibit growth
of vegetation and minimize the risk of fire initiation inside the station, or
spread of external forest fires to the station, which could jeopardise the
pipeline installation.
Site selection will identify flat sites for AGIs in an effort to minimize
required earthworks, civil works and provide reasonable access to the
site. When this is not possible, site levelling may be required to flatten
or raise the station area.
Site levelling and grading will be accomplished by excavation and/or

backfilling depending on site topography. Slope stability will be achieved
by providing a safe inclination to the natural slopes (excavated) and
artificial embankments (backfilling). Fill material will be selected
excavation material conforming to project specifications, or quarry sand
gravel when suitable material is not available.
When site topography limitations and/or available plot area inhibit the
construction of slopes, cantilever reinforced concrete retaining walls will
be provided to support site level differences.

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8.4 Station Buildings
8.4.1 RCC Buildings
A separate RCC building will be provided at every Block Valve Station,

when these Stations are not located in the same plot area with an AGRS
or GMS Station.
The RCC building will be a steel, prefabricated, vendor supplied house.

The house shell shall be fire-proof and thermally insulated. Roof will
provide adequate water drainage. Roof rainwater will be discharged
directly to surrounding area without drain pipes.
Entrance to the RCC building will be provided through a lockable steel

door, large enough to permit entry of the largest single item of
equipment. The floor inside the enclosure will be elevated at least 300
mm above the highest point of the finished ground elevation. Floor
finish will consist of anti-static resilient flooring.
A reinforced concrete slab on grade foundation shall be provided to

support the RCC building. The foundation will extend minimum 0.20m
above the finished ground elevation. The foundation will be placed on a
compacted quarry aggregate base course.
The prefabricated RCC building shall be fixed to the foundation with post
installed anchor bolts.
8.4.2 Station Control/Utilities Building at Komotini
The load bearing system of the building will be a conventional cast in-
situ reinforced concrete frame consisting of columns and/or shear walls,
beams and roof slabs of continuous monolithic construction.
The foundation of the building will consist of a cast-in-place reinforced

concrete strip foundation, or pad foundations with connecting beams.
The control/utilities building will be a single storey building with

sufficient plan dimensions and height to accommodate all utilities
required for station operation. The control/utilities building will
accommodate the following.
• Control room
• Room for the boiler package
• Low voltage switchboards
• UPS and battery room
• Utility Room
• WC
The building roof will be thermally insulated and waterproofed. Access

to the roof of the building will be through a vertical steel ladder with

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safety cage. Roof rainwater to be collected and discharged at ground

level by galvanised steel pipe drains.
External and internal partition walls will be constructed from hollow clay
brick masonry. External building walls will incorporate thermal
insulation. The building facade will consist of decorative bricks in recess
alternating with fair faced concrete of the building frame.
Where required, openings will be provided on external building walls to

provide adequate cooling, air supply and ventilation of installed
equipment. For the same reasons louvers will be incorporated in
external building doors, as required. Where natural lighting is required
windows will be installed.
The utility building floor will consist of concrete paving with industrial
flooring. The concrete floor will be cast on a suitably prepared crushed
aggregate base course. An antistatic raised floor will be provided for the
control room. The building ground floor level will be raised above final
ground elevations outside the building to avoid ingress of storm water.
Access to the building at ground floor level will be through steel doors.
8.4.3 AGRS and GMS Station Control Houses
There will be a Control House at the AGRS and GMS Stations.
The Control House enclosure will be a steel prefabricated, vendor

supplied house for GMS on Greece territory and steel construction
fabricated on site for Bulgarian part. The house shall be fire-proof and
thermally insulated. Roof will provide adequate water drainage. Roof
rainwater will be discharged directly to surrounding area without drain
pipes.
Entrance to the Control House will be provided through a lockable steel

door large enough to permit entry of the largest single item of
equipment. The floor inside the enclosure will be at least 300 mm
elevated above the highest point of the finished ground elevation. Floor

support the Control House. The foundation will extend minimum 0.20 m
The prefabricated Control House shall be fixed to the foundation with

post installed anchor bolts.
8.4.4 AGRS and GMS Boiler Houses
There will be a Boiler House at the Stara Zagora GMS and Dimitrovgrad
AGRS.

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The Boiler House enclosure will be a steel prefabricated,vendor supplied

house for GMS on Greece territory and steel construction fabricated on
site for Bulgarian part. The house shell shall be fire-proof and thermally
insulated. Roof will provide adequate water drainage. Roof rainwater will
be discharged directly to surrounding area without drain pipes.
Entrance to the Boiler House will be provided through a lockable steel

door large enough to permit entry of the largest single item of
equipment. The floor inside the enclosure will be at least 300 mm
elevated above the highest point of the finished ground elevation. Floor

support the Boiler House. The foundation will extend minimum 0.20 m
The prefabricated Boiler House shall be fixed to the foundation with post
installed anchor bolts.
8.5 Station Internal Roads and Paving
Station internal roads will provide access to all station facilities and
buildings. Where future installations are foreseen, the internal road
layout will allow for future expansion and interconnection.
A paved area will be provided to allow vehicle manoeuvring and enable

pigging operations to be carried out safety.
At metering and regulating stations a concrete paved area shall be

provided behind gas filter separators to facilitate filter cartridge removal
for maintenance or replacement. The Gas pre-heaters shall also have
allowance for a concrete paved area behind the Gas Heat Exchangers
for tube bundle removal/maintenance.
Internal roads will be minimum 5 m wide. At turns, internal roads will

have a minimum turning radius of 7.5 m measured on the road axis to
allow circulation of a medium sized truck.
Road construction will be asphalt paving consisting of minimum two

courses, an asphalt binder course and a wearing course. At remote
stations where access of asphalt paving equipment is difficult or
uneconomic, internal site roads will be constructed with heavy duty
concrete paving.
Asphalt paved internal roads will be laid on a prepared base course

consisting of two layers of quarry sand-gravel with the minimum
thickness and compaction requirements specified in relevant project
specification.

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8.6 Gravel Surfacing
Gravel surfacing is foreseen in areas where natural gas piping is

installed in pipeline Block Valve, AGRS and GMS Stations.
Gravel surfacing will cover the entire internal area defined by the piping
assembly of the Station (including vent stack) and will extend minimum
3 m beyond the external limits of these areas. Where feasible, based on
economic considerations, gravel surfacing will be extended to the edges
of internal station roads or fence.
Gravel surfacing will consist of loose clean quarry gravel grading 32/16
mm and will be minimum 150 mm thick.
8.7 Access Roads to Stations
Access to all stations will be ensured by the construction of new access

roads, or by improvement of existing tracks. Access roads will connect
the stations to the existing road network of the particular area and their
length will be minimised to the extent possible by site selection.
Access roads will be 5 m wide minimum and will be paved with asphalt
that will be constructed with minimum two courses, an asphalt binder
course and a wearing course. A stabilised shoulder will be provided on
each side of the road.
The access roads will be laid on a prepared base course consisting of

two layers of quarry sand-gravel with the minimum thickness and
compaction requirements specified in the relevant project specification.
Where steep topography is encountered downhill of the road and at

changes of road direction, steel safety barriers will be provided.
Road section surface profile will be inclined towards the two outer road
limits. Minimum transverse slope will be 2.5%.
In flat terrain access roads will be constructed on an embankment of

sufficient height to avoid flooding and ensure proper drainage of the
access road on either side.
In mountainous terrain, where the road runs perpendicular to the

natural slope and steep topography is encountered, road construction
will be entirely in the excavated slope. Otherwise, if mild slopes are
encountered, which permit stable fill construction, the road may be
partially laid on fill. In both cases proper road drainage requires
construction of concrete gutter uphill of the road section. Culverts will
be foreseen along the low points of the longitudinal road section to
allow downhill draining of the concrete channel along natural water
courses.

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8.8 Storm-water Drainage
Storm-water drainage of stations will be ensured mainly by surface flow

directed outside property limits. Use of drainage channels and storm-
water conduits will be restricted to exceptional cases where surface
drainage alone is insufficient.
For the purpose of providing site drainage, station and road levels will
be established such as to provide a minimum slope of 1% to 2%
towards natural water courses at property limits.
In flat terrain, station elevations will be raised above those of

surrounding property to avoid flooding and ensure that the minimum
surface inclinations can be realised.
The height of the strip beam at the base of fencing will be increased as
required to inhibit rainwater ingress from neighbouring property. At low
points along property limits the strip beam will be interrupted locally to
allow drainage of rainwater runoff outside property limits.
Draining of retaining wall backfill will be foreseen as required to avoid

accumulation of pore water pressures and ensure surface water
drainage behind the wall. Drainage behind walls is to be provided in the
form of permeable geosynthetic membrane placed in contact with the
wall. Accumulated water will be drained via weep holes provided along
the length of the retaining wall.
8.9 Station Fencing and Gates
Each station will be contained by a High Security – Anti Intruder fence

along property limits. The fence will be robust and will be constructed of
high tensile heavy gauge chain link fabric supported by galvanised steel
posts at regular intervals. The posts will incorporate Y-shaped extension
arms holding a concertina razor blade coil and shall be fixed to a
shallow concrete pile foundation. Total height of the high security fence
will be 3 m for AGI on Greece territory and 2,7m for AGI on Bulgarian
part.
The main entrance gate of the station will be located at the property
side facing the access road. At the main entrance gate of the station the
corresponding fence line, which runs parallel to the access road, will be
placed 5 m inside of the property limit. On all other sides of the
property the perimeter fence will be placed on the property limit.
Main entrance gate will consist of a double leaf vehicle gate 6 m wide
and a single leaf personnel gate 1 m wide arranged side by side. A
single personnel emergency exit gate will be placed on the opposite side
of the fence relative to the position of the main entrance gate.
Personnel emergency exit gates will be 1 m wide for Greece part.
The main entrance gate of the stations will be located at the property
side facing the access road.

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A sliding fence door with rail mechanism will be located at the west side
of the fence of the station Stara Zagora and at the north side of the
fence of Dimitrovgrad and at the south side of the fence of the station
Kardjali and will have clear opening of 4.50 m.
Block valve stations’ main entrance gate will consist of a double leaf
vehicle gate 4 m wide. Personnel emergency exit gates will be 1 m wide
at the opposite side.The respective part of the Technical Design
describes in details the requirements for the Bulgarian section.
8.10 Miscellaneous Civil Works
Civil and structural works for AGIs will also include the following
structures:
• Reinforced concrete foundations for pipeline underground valves,

bends, tees etc.
• Pig Launcher/Receiver reinforced concrete foundations
• Vent stack steel supporting structure and reinforced concrete
foundation
• Vendor package foundations
• Storm-water drainage
• Aboveground pipe support foundations
• Civil works for underground cable and utility networks
8.11 Structural Design
8.11.1 General
Structural design parameters, such as design actions and loads, load

combinations, safety factors, material properties etc. will be in
compliance with project codes and standards, listed in project document
0760-LST-EN-00-001 “List of Applicable Norms and Legislation” and List
of Applicable standards applied in the relevant parts of the Technical
design.
Structural design of all buildings, foundations, structures retaining walls,

etc. shall be based on the structural Eurocodes and relevant EN
Standards. Where local laws and regulations prohibit the use of
structural Eurocodes, the country specific national codes and standards
shall apply.
8.11.2 Design Life
All civil works for the project will have a design life of 50 years.
8.11.3 Permanent Loads
Permanent loads will include dead loads of structures (structural

materials, floors, stairs and all permanent materials forming part of the
structure), equipment loads and piping weights. Minimum values for

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design will be specified in detail in the relevant project specification for

civil design loads.
8.11.4 Variable Actions
Actions imposed to structures due to the operation of equipment,

environmental actions such as thermal actions, wind actions and snow
loads, live loads due to traffic, storage or use, earth pressures acting on
underground structures and any other variable (not permanent) action
will be accounted for in the structural design. Minimum design live load
values will be specified in detail in the relevant project specification for
civil design loads.
8.11.5 Earthquake Actions
The seismic design of buildings and structures will comply with either
Eurocode 8 or Ordinance No Rd-02-20-2 of 27th of January 2012 for the
Design of buildings and structures in earthquake areas for structures
located in Bulgaria, and the Greek Seismic Design Code (EAK 2000) for
structures located in Greece.
Seismic loads have been determined based on seismic response

spectrum parameters, such as seismic zone, peak ground acceleration,
soil class, importance factor, behaviour factor, damping and spectral
amplification factor, as defined in the relevant seismic codes.
Buildings or structures have been given importance category IV in

accordance with EN 1998-1 or Ordinance No.2 2007, and importance
class Σ4 in accordance with ΕΑΚ 2000.
Seismic loads for design will be specified in more detail in the relevant
project specifications and calculations.
8.11.6 Accidental Actions
Accidental actions, other than seismic actions, will be considered

according to the requirements of structural Eurocodes.
8.12 Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
8.12.1 General
HVAC systems shall be designed, manufactured and tested in

accordance with applicable project norms and legislation, as provided in
the project document List of Applicable Norms and Legislation: 10760-
LST-EN-00-001 and List of Applicable standards applied in the relevant
parts of the Technical design.

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The HVAC system shall be designed according to each building / house

geographical site location climatic conditions. Greek or Bulgarian
regulations for external climatic conditions shall be followed. The HVAC
design shall be adequate to function in the design ambient conditions
listed in Section 4.10.
The HVAC installations will be designed to ensure:
• Safety to personnel and equipment

• Reliability of the HVAC system
8.12.2 RCC Buildings
The following requirements shall be taken into account for the HVAC
system design:
Heating and Cooling shall be provided in order to maintain a constant

temperature of 20°C in winter and 24°C in summer. The HVAC system
shall be adequately sized to maintain the above internal conditions, with
ambient conditions referred in national Greek or Bulgarian Regulations
(depending on site of installation).
The maximum internal temperature shall not be higher than +35°C in

summer at highest external design temperature. Also the minimum
internal temperature shall not be lower than +15°C in winter at
minimum external design temperature
The following requirements shall be taken into account for the HVAC
system design:
Heating and Cooling shall be provided in order to maintain a constant
temperature of 20°C in winter and 24°C in summer. The HVAC system
shall be adequately sized to maintain the above internal conditions, with
ambient conditions referred in national Greek or Bulgarian Regulations
(depending on site of installation). The maximum internal temperature
shall not be higher than +35°C in summer at highest external design
temperature. Also the minimum internal temperature shall not be lower
than +15°C in winter at minimum external design temperature.
8.13 Fire Fighting
8.13.1 General
The fire fighting system shall be designed, manufactured and tested in

accordance with applicable project norms and legislation, as provided in
the project document List of Applicable Norms and Legislation: 10760-
LST-EN-00-001 and List of Applicable standards applied in the relevant
parts of the Technical design.

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The fire fighting installations will be designed to ensure:

• Reliability of the Fire Fighting system
• Ease of maintenance and convenience of operation
8.13.2 RCC Buildings
The fire fighting system will consist of:
• An autonomous, self-governed INERGEN fire suppression system

• Fire extinguishers such as portable chemical dry powder
extinguishers & CO2 extinguisher
The fire fighting system will consist of:
• An autonomous, self-governed INERGEN fire suppression system

• Fire extinguishers such as portable chemical dry powder
extinguishers & CO2 extinguisher

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9. Electrical Equipment for Block Valve, AGRS and GMS Stations
9.1 General Requirements
The design, manufacture, testing and installation of the electrical

equipment at the stations will be in accordance with the latest edition of
applicable codes and standards listed in project document 10760-LST-
EN-00-001 “List of Applicable Norms and Legislations” and in
compliance with project specific electrical job specifications. For
Technical design - List of Applicable standards applied in the relevant
parts.
The electrical installations will be designed to ensure:

• Reliability of the electrical system
• Ease of maintenance and convenience of operation
• Future load requirements
Due regard will be given to the system short circuit levels and
protection requirements.
The electrical distribution equipment design will include 20% spare

capacity to size the system for the most onerous load demand, together
with allowance allow for future additions.
Electrical equipment normal and fault condition parameters will be

signalled to the Central Control Facility located at the Dispatch /
Operational and Maintenance Base.
All electrical equipment will be suitable for the particular environment in

which it is installed.
9.2 Hazardous Area Classification
Areas will be classified in accordance with: EN 60079-10 Classification

of hazardous areas for explosive gas atmospheres.
All electrical equipment located in a hazardous area will have European

standard area certification be ATEX certified, in the following order of
preference:
Zone 1
EExe - Increased safety.

EExd - Flameproof.
EExp - Pressurised.
Zone 2
As Zone 1 or

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EExic - Intrinsically safe
Electrical equipment for hazardous areas will be certified for Gas Group
IIA and Temperature Class T3.
Electrical equipment located in a hazardous area will have an enclosure
applicable to the particular zone, but wherever possible, electrical
equipment will be located outside of a hazardous area.
Where appropriate (low power, voltage and current), the connections
between the electrical equipment located in hazardous and safe area
will include certified EEx safety barriers.
In no circumstances will equipment be installed to a lesser certification
than that required by the hazardous area.
9.3 Electricity Supplies
All facilities’ electricity supplies will be provided by the local utility grid
where practicable. Where suitable supplies are not available locally then
on site generation will be considered.
9.4 Emergency Power Supply System
A standby diesel generator with a daily diesel tank and its control panel
will be installed at the Komotini and Stara Zagora Gas Metering Stations
and at the Dimitrovgrad Automated Gas Regulating Station, Kardjali
AGRS and Dispatching center (OM Base) to maintain emergency loads,
in case of fault of mains power supply from the local utility grid via an
automatic transfer system. The emergency diesel generator will be
installed outdoors.
Under normal conditions the main switchboard inside each RCC building
in Block Valve and / or Pigging Stations will be supplied by the local
utility grid. Whereas, under abnormal conditions, it will be supplied by
the emergency power supply system (i.e. emergency portable diesel
generator) through an incoming socket suitable to supply all loads,
which will be fitted on the external side of RCC building.
9.5 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
The UPS (in each Block Valve and / or Pigging Station and Metering /
Gas Regulating Station) will be provided to supply essential control,
monitoring, communication and security systems at each facility in the
event of an electricity supply failure.
Batteries will be lead acid, sealed type, sized to provide a time of 12

hour autonomy to the critical loads for Block Valve Station and 4 hour
autonomy for GMS Stara Zagora, AGRS Dimitrovgrad and Kardjali and
Dispatching center(OM Base).

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UPS and batteries for each Block Valve Station and Metering Station will
be installed in RCC building or Metering / Gas Regulating Station Control
House, respectively.
9.6 Switchboards
A main normal and a main emergency low voltage switchboard will be

installed inside each Station Control House, in order to feed electrical
loads. Normal and emergency sub-distribution switchboards will be
installed for feeding lighting and power loads. UPS and process loads
(other than critical) will be fed by emergency sub-distribution
switchboards.
Whereas, in each RCC building, the main switchboard will be supplied
either by the local utility grid or by the emergency power supply
system, as above mentioned.
UPS sub-distribution switchboards will be installed in RCC building and
Metering / Gas Regulating Station Control Houses for feeding the
electrical critical loads.
9.7 Cabling
Cables will be stranded copper conductors, XLPE insulated, steel wire

armoured and PVC over-sheathed.
Underground cables will generally be directly buried, with protective
concrete covers and danger warning tape.
Concerning cables crossing roadways, they will run in duct banks
suitable to withstand road traffic.
Above ground cables will run inside hot dip galvanised cable trays with
covers and / or hot dip galvanised conduits.
Segregation of power cables, low current cables other than the ones of
intrinsically safe circuits and cables of intrinsically safe circuits will be
provided. Where crossovers between power and instrument cables are
unavoidable then these will be made at right angles and distance.
9.8 Lighting and Small Power Supply System
A complete lighting and power supply system will be provided in each

Station.
The outdoor lighting circuits will be controlled through auto-off-manual
selector, by outdoor photocell.
Indoor lighting will be provided by fluorescent luminaries.
Lighting fixtures and lamps will be of the high efficiency type (where
applicable).

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9.9 Earthing and Lightning Protection System
9.9.1 Earthing Design
An earthing and bonding system to earth in each Station will be

provided to ensure safety to personnel, earthing for operational reasons
and protection against static electricity. An earthing and bonding system
to earth is also necessary for electric / electronic instrumentation and
communication system, as well as for protection against lightning.
Above ground pipeline and piping system will be earthed, in case that it
is electrically isolated from the underground one.
A common earthing system will be provided in each Station for all
earthing purposes, unless otherwise specified.
Each earthing arrangement will consist of an earth termination system,
earthing conductors and earthing terminals or earthing bars.
Spark-gaps will be installed, if required.
A foundation earthing will be constructed in each Station and other
earth electrodes will be added (if required), so as that resistance of
earthing system should be low.
9.9.2 Lightning Protection System Design
The selection and the necessity of installing a Lightning Protection

System arrive after performing the risk management according to the
standard EN 62305-2.
Lightning Protection System will comprise External and Internal one.
External lightning protection system will consist of the following:
• Air Termination System

• Down conductors
• Earth termination system
Internal lightning protection system will comprise Surge Protective

Devices.

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10. Dispatching Centre / Operations and Maintenance Base
10.1 Buildings and Functional Requirements
10.1.1 General
The main functions identified for the IGB O&M base are:
• Monitoring, control and operation of the IGB pipeline from a

dedicated control room
• Provide base for field maintenance and patrol crews
• Provide basic maintenance and repair facilities of pipeline
components including pipes, pipe fittings, pipeline instruments
and cathodic protection equipment.
• Provide warehouse facilities for pipeline spare parts
• Provide office space and facilities for technical and administrative
personnel
In order to cover the above functions the manpower requirement of the

IGB O&M base is approximately 32 employees.
In the sections that follow building requirements are established which

accommodate the above facilities and provide the required working
space for the O&M base personnel. It is estimated that implementation
of the O&M base requires a property of approximately 10,000 m 2.
10.1.2 Office / Control Building
• The Office / Control Building of the O&M base will accommodate

the following facilities and activities:Automated gas distribution
stations
• Telecommunications and ACS (Automated Control System)
• instrumentation and controls
• Executive, supervisor, personnel, accounting, engineer and
traffic control offices
• Training / Meeting Room
• General archive room
• Kitchenette and dining area
• Toilets
• Building utility rooms and storage rooms
The main function of the building is to serve and manage the processes
and actions, performed to the main gas pipeline and to create normal
conditions for work and rest of the staff.
The office building is single storey and comprises of three buildings
arranged in parallel, but shifted relatively to each other. Two of the
volumes are solid and of broad area; the offices and premises necessary
for the Dispatch Center are located there. The intermediate unit is
glazed, higher and elongated and separates the main entrance to the
building and the common areas for relax of the staff.

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Office space requirements will satisfy the required number of personnel.

There will also be a kitchenette to cater for basic employee
requirements, such as self serve light meal and coffee preparation.
10.1.3 Building with Workshops
The building consists of three workshops, store house, space for

employees in cathodic protection and I & C (instrumentation and
controls) and accommodation and sanitary facilities for 10 people.
• Tools workshop
• Mechanical workshop
• Cathodic protection workshop with a store house
The building construction is mixed - reinforced concrete columns with

metal roof supporting structure. Partition walls are non-supporting brick
or plasterboard walls.
10.1.4 Store house
The store house is a wide-area volume with 16 m spans. There will be

stored pipes and other small items and elements of the gas pipeline
network, as they will be placed on the ground directly.
The building construction is mixed - reinforced concrete columns with
metal roof supporting structure. Partition walls are non-supporting brick
or plasterboard walls.
10.1.5 Checkpoint
The checkpoint is a building for the security of the complex. It consists

of surveillance room and bathroom. Due to the specifics of the building,
it is directed to the main entrance of the center and is glazed on three
sides for better visibility and risk assessment. The surveillance room is
equipped with the necessary equipment for access control and has
direct telecommunications contact with the office building.

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10.1.6 Shed
The shed is designed to provide an open, but covered storage area for
large pipes. They will be of a length of 12 m and diameter 32‘. The
pipes will be stored one above the other, on a chess principle, over the
wagons. The maximum designed height is up to 3 rows (levels) of
pipes.
10.2 Building Utilities
10.2.1 Mechanical
The following mechanical utilities will be provided:
• Water supply system,

• Sewage System
• Fire Fighting System
• HVAC System
The building mechanical utilities shall be controlled and centrally

monitored through a Building Management System (BMS).
10.2.2 Electrical
The following electrical utilities will be provided:
• Electrical Medium Voltage/Low Voltage substation and

emergency diesel generator
• Power installation (including distribution boards, UPS)
• Indoor and outdoor lighting systems
• Earthing system
• Lightning protection
• Telephone and data system
• Fire alarm system
• Security / intrusion alarm and Closed Circuit Television (CCTV)
system

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11. Future Compressor Station
Future expansion of pipeline capacity up to a maximum capacity of 5

bNcmy will require the installation of a compressor.
A compressor station study has been determined the following

parameters:
• Estimated compressor duty

• Estimated plot size for compressor station
• Optimum position on pipeline

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12. Vessels
12.1 General
Pressure vessels shall be designed in accordance with PED 97/23/EC,

the EN 13445 series and project specifications.
Vessel nozzles shall be NPS ≥ 2”. Raised face welding neck flanges shall
be used. Gaskets containing asbestos shall not be used.
Carbon steel vessels having contact with water shall have a corrosion
allowance of 1.5 mm.
12.2 Pig Traps
Pig traps shall be considered as pressure vessels and shall meet the
pressure vessel requirements described above.
The material of construction of pig traps shall meet the design

requirements for pressure vessels.
The associated piping, valves and equipment shall be suitable for

launching and receiving of intelligent pigs, cleaning pigs, and gauging
pigs.
12.3 Valves
The location and position of valves shall take into account access for
installation, operation and maintenance.
Ball valves shall be utilised for general isolation duties. Plug or globe
valves shall be used where throttling service is required.
Ball valves NPS ≥ 4” shall be full bore where required, trunnion type,
gas tight, double block and bleed, equipped with hand-wheels and
reduction gearing.
Ball valves direct buried shall be of fully welded body design.
All valves in gas service shall be fire safe.
Valves of NPS ≥ 6” shall be equipped with hand-wheels and reduction

gearing.
Manual valves shall be fitted with lever wrenches or hand-wheel

operators.
Actuated valves shall be equipped with hand-wheels and gearing for

manual operation.

Page 62 of 68
“I C G B” AD
For valves NPS ≥ 6” provision shall be made for future replacement of

gear operator with pneumatic actuator.
Where appropriate for pressure equalisation before opening block or

isolation valves NPS ≥ 6” shall be equipped with by-pass.
Lifting lugs (lifting eyes, lifting devices) shall be provided for valves NPS
≥ 6”.
Valves NPS ≥ 4” shall be installed with locking device.
Valves NPS ≥ 2” shall have position indicator.

Page 63 of 68
“I C G B” AD
13. Instrumentation, Control, Security and Telecommunications
13.1 General Requirements
13.1.1 Instrument Design Principles
Analogue instruments shall be used instead of field switch functions,

e.g. pressure transmitters shall be used in preference to pressure
switches.
Where local indicators are required, local indicators and transmitters

shall be combined. Separate local gauges may only be installed if
necessary for local operation if process control is not functional.
Full functional independence between control and safety devices shall

be assured, including vessel/pipeline connections, e.g. common
pressure tap for control and safety devices shall not be used.
Instrument redundancies will be considered to ensure adequate system
availability, reliability and safety.
13.1.2 Hazardous (Classified) Area Requirements
The area classification for electrical apparatus shall be as shown on the

hazardous area classification drawings.
The preferred methods of protection, in order of precedence, are:
Zone 1
EEx ‘ia’ - Intrinsically safe (class A)
EEx ‘e’ - Increased safety
EEx ‘d’ - Flameproof
Zone 2
As Zone 1 or
Ex ‘ic’ - Intrinsically Safe
All equipment to be installed in explosion-hazardous area shall be

designed for operation in dangerous explosive mixtures II A or B class
of the T3 (200°C) mixture group.
13.1.3 Ingress Protection (IP) Requirements
The minimum level of ingress protection shall be IP 42 (inside buildings)

and IP 65 (outdoors) in accordance with EN 60529 ‘Classification for
degrees of protection provided by enclosures’ (IP rating).

Page 64 of 68
“I C G B” AD
13.1.4 Electrical Power Supplies
For critical communications, control and safety related systems power

shall be supplied from a fully redundant UPS for up to 12 hours for BV
and GMS Komotini and 4 hours for GMS Stara Zagora, AGRS
Dimitrovgrad, AGRS Kardjali and Dispaching center(OM Base).
13.1.5 Automation Philosophy
The following philosophy shall be implemented for the automation of the

system:
• The process shall be controlled and monitored by PCS (control

and high high or low low level shut down/trip).
• Instrumentation for the ESD system is used exclusively for the
ESD system.
• Temperature and pressure monitoring for critical sections shall
be controlled via 2oo3 voting.
• All inputs (e.g. sub systems or instruments) and outputs (e.g.
actuators) as far as reasonably possible should be hard wired.
13.2 Pipeline Operating Philosophy
13.2.1 Normal Operations
The IGB Pipeline System will be monitored, operated and controlled

from a new dedicated O&M Base which will be manned 24 hours per
day, 365 days per year.
Facilities for the repeat data signals to and from existing SCADA
systems on the existing Bulgarian and Greek gas transmission systems
have been identified.
The SCADA system shall consolidate real time pipeline status

information, providing the operator with an overview of the pipeline
status and the facility to transmit remote control commands to metering
stations and block valve sites. The SCADA based operation shall be
supplemented by voice, fax, email, CCTV and other communications.
Application software shall provide the following software modules:
• Pipeline Model
• Real-Time Model (RTM)
• Look-Ahead Model
• Predictive Model
• Leak Detection and Location Module
• Load Forecaster
• Survival Time Calculation
• Gas Composition Tracking
• Pipeline Trainer

Page 65 of 68
“I C G B” AD
• Off-Line Engineering Studies

• Gas Contract Monitoring
13.2.2 Shutdown Operations
There is no provision for an automatic emergency shutdown to shut all

Block Valves on the pipeline or to automatically vent sections of the
pipeline. Such facilities are no longer common practice, do not
necessarily increase safety levels, and may lead to decreased pipeline
reliability.
If there is an incident (mechanical damage, leak, explosion, etc.) on the

pipeline, Block Valves shall be closed individually by the operator via the
SCADA system thereby isolating sections of the pipeline in accordance
with approved emergency procedures.
13.2.3 Field Instrumentation
Field instrumentation shall be certified and installed for the appropriate

hazardous classification in accordance with EN 60079. All field
equipment shall be suitable for the environmental conditions, and have
the appropriate enclosure ingress protection rating as per Section
13.1.3 above.
All instruments installed in process areas shall be minimum ATEX zone 1

regardless of the defined zone, with EEXi instruments preferred.
13.2.4 Metering and Regulating Station Operations
Metering and Regulating Stations shall be designed for remote operation

and will be unmanned during normal operation.
13.2.5 Block Valve Operations
Block valves shall be located along the pipeline for isolation and
maintenance purposes. In order to preserve the operational integrity of
the pipeline system the Block Valves shall not automatically close on
suspected pipeline leak/rupture due to detected high flow or pressure
drop. In normal operation the Block Valves will always be in the fully
open position.
Block valves can be closed remotely from the O&M Base, if required.
13.2.6 Pigging Station Operations
The operation of the Pigging Stations during pigging will be a local

manual operation subject to the required pipeline flow conditions being
provided by the O&M Base.

Page 66 of 68
“I C G B” AD
13.3 Communication Buildings
13.3.1 Remote Control and Communication Building / Station Control

House
At each metering and automated gas regulating station, there will be a

Station Control House. The Control House shall house the Station
Control System, communication equipment, security panel and Fire &
Gas panel etc.
At each Block Valve station will be a Remote Control and
Communications (RCC) building. The RCC building shall house the RTU,
communication equipment, security panel and Fire & Gas panel etc.
Refer to Section 8.4 for building civil requirements.
13.4 Back-up Communications System
To ensure the integrity of the Fibre Optic Communications backbone,

the network shall have a single ring configuration, in order to provide
multiple communication paths between the various stations.
Fibre Optic Cable will be used to connect the O&M Base with the Greek
and Bulgarian National Gas Transmission Operators.
.
13.5 Telecommunications
13.5.1 Fibre Optic Cable Communications Backbone
The communications backbone will consist of a 96-fibre single-mode

G.655 Fibre Optic Cable installed along the pipeline from Komotini to
Stara Zagora. The backbone will be pure IP based, operating at
10Gbps. Details will be reviewed and confirmed during the course of the
Project.
The FOC will be laid in the same trench of gas pipe in Greece and for
Bulgarian territory are provided two optical cables : main cable is at a
distance of 7 m on the right side of the gas pipeline axis (in a separate
trench) and backup cable laid in the same trench of gas pipe.
13.5.2 Network Management System
A single, integrated Network Management System (NMS) for the

Ethernet network and all interfacing services shall be provided. The
NMS system shall be an exclusive management system for the
transmission equipment and transmission signals.
13.5.3 IP PBX Telephone system
A new IP PBX will be provided at the O&M Base station supporting the
IP telephone sets of the IGB stations.

Page 67 of 68
“I C G B” AD
13.6 Security
The strategic nature of the IGB Pipeline System necessitates secured

stations.
At each Metering, Automated Gas Regulating and Block Valve Station

the ‘core’ installation will be contained within an inner High Security
fence. The fence will be monitored by perimeter CCTV and by a fence-
mounted Perimeter Intrusion Detection System. LED lighting and /or
Infra-red lighting will provide all-weather illumination to support
camera observation. The total plot area at each site will be surrounded
by a chain-link fence serving to delineate the site boundary and to
create a ‘dead zone’ serving to minimise intrusion by animals and
pedestrians but without attempting to create a secure area.
Security CCTV cameras monitoring perimeter fences, gates and doors

will provide images for display on the monitors at Security Workstations
at the O&M Base. CCTV monitoring will be provided within the inner
High Security fence at each site (e.g. Pipeline plant, process equipment,
buildings, etc.).

Page 68 of 68
“I C G B” AD
Appendix A Units of Measurement
Base Units
Quantity Unit Symbol
Length metre m
Mass kilogram kg
Time second s
Electric current ampere A
Temperature kelvin K
Amount of substance mole mol
Luminous intensity candela cd
Derived Units
Frequency hertz Hz
Force newton N
Stress newton/millimeter2 N/mm2
kilo newton/metre2 kN/m2
Energy, work and heat quantity joule J
Power / heat flow watt W
Electric charge coulomb C
Electric potential EMF volt V
Electric resistance ohm 
Electric conductance siemens S
DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM APPENDIX A

Page 1 of 2
“I C G B” AD
Electric capacitance farad F
Magnetic flux intensity tesla T
Luminous flux lumen lm
Dynamic viscosity centipoise cP
Kinematic viscosity metre2/second m2/s
Area millimetre2 (metre2) mm2 (m2)
Volume cubic meter m3
Velocity metre/second m/s
Non SI Units
Time minute / hour / day mn / h / d
Temperature fahrenheit °F
Temperature celsius °C
Volume litre l
Mass tonne t
Pressure bar absolute bara
Pressure bar gauge barg
Pipe size inch “
DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM APPENDIX A

Page 2 of 2
“I C G B” AD
Appendix B Pipeline Design Factors
Bulgarian Section
Design Factors for Pipeline and Crossings – Bulgaria
(Note 1)
Crossings
With Casing Without Casing
Location Class Swamps, Rivers, AGI Piping

Existing or Future Streams and
Pipeline Other Roads (Note 3)
Highways (Motorways), Railways Overhead HV HDD Crossings
Local / Municipal including Private (Note 2) Power Lines
and National Roads (>110kV) (Note 5)
Roads Roads and Dirt
Class I, II and III
Tracks (Note 6)
1 0.72 0.6 0.5 0.72 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
2 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

4
and Active
Seismic Faults 0.4 0.4
(Notes 4, 5)
Notes
(1) This table has been developed in accordance with the requirements of ORDINANCE for safe operation of the device and transmission
and distribution pipelines and facilities, installations and equipment for natural gas(under article 200, paragraph 1 of the Energy Law).
(2) In accordance with Bulgarian Ordinances, all railway crossings should be cased.
(3) At AGIs a maximum design factor of 0.6 shall apply to the buried pipeline a minimum of 10m upstream and downstream of the AGI.
(4) The design factor shall extend 200m either side of the active fault line.
(5) Neither ordinances, nor international codes offer guidance for HDDs and active faults. Current DF has been used in accordance with
industry norm.
(6) For overhead HV powerlines, the tabulated design factor shall be applied for a distance of 50m either side of the outer conductors.
DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM APPENDIX B

Page 1 of 2
“I C G B” AD
Greek Section
Design Factors for Pipeline and Crossings – Greece

(Note 1)
Crossings
With Casing Without Casing Near

Location Concentratio
Existing or Private Existing or Swamps,
Class ns of People
Pipeline AGI
and Railways Rivers HDD in Location
Future Future Piping
Private Crossings Classes 1 or
Highways and Unsealed Highways and Unsealed Roads and
(Note 2) (Note 5) 2
Roads (Note 3)
Sealed Public Roads Sealed Public Streams
Roads Roads
1 0.72 0.6 0.72 0.6 0.72 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5
0.5 (width ≥ 4m)

2 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5
0.6 (width < 4m)
3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 N/A
4
and Active
Seismic 0.4 0.4
Faults
(Note 4, 5)
Notes
(1) This table has been developed in accordance with the requirements of EN 1594 and ASME B31.8. Where more stringent, Greek
Regulations have been applied.
(2) In accordance with Greek requirements, all railway crossings should be cased.
(3) This requirement is from ASME B31.8 Clause 840.3. “Concentrations of people” are frequent gatherings of 20 or more people.
Locations where this requirement applies may include churches, schools, multiple dwellings, hospitals or recreational areas.
(4) The design factor shall extend 200m either side of the active fault line.
(5)Codes do not offer guidance for HDDs and active faults. 0.4 has been used in accordance with industry norm.
DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM APPENDIX B

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„ICGB” AD

GAS INTERCONNECTOR GREECE-BULGARIA

Design Basis Memorandum

Project manager: Radostina Todorova

Executive Director: Valentin Stanchev

REVISION Date Description

00b 07.07.2017 Draft version

01 19.09.2017 Comments Incorporated

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

2. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................8

3. APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS ........................................................12

5. PIPELINE DESIGN .......................................................................................23

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

5.14 Pressure Testing.............................................................................................. 30

6. BLOCK VALVE AND PIGGING STATIONS ......................................................36

7. GAS METERING AND AUTOMATED GAS REGULATING STATIONS .................38

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

10. DISPATCHING CENTRE / OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE BASE ..............58

11. FUTURE COMPRESSOR STATION .................................................................61

13. INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROL, SECURITY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ...64

APPENDIX A UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ............................................................1

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

The current document was developed on the basis of document 10760-PHL-EN-00-001

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

ICGB AD is a company set up and existing under Bulgarian law and

The design of this bi-directional pipeline system shall be in accordance

1.2 Purpose of Document

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

2. Definitions and Abbreviations

CONTRACTING ENTITY: ICGB AD;

CONTRACTOR: Engineering of FEED – Consortium formed by

SUPPLIER : Supplier of Equipment or Materials

Throughout this document the following terminology is used:

“must” : signifies a legal or statutory requirement

“shall” : signifies a requirement made mandatory by this

“may” : signifies a feature, which is discretionary in the

“will” : signifies a feature which the CONTRACTOR /

AFD Approved for Design

AGI Above Ground Installation

AGRS Automated Gas Regulating Station

API American Petroleum Institute

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

ATEX Atmosphere Explosive

DESIGN BASIS MEMORANDUM

BMS Building Management System

bNcmy Billion Normal Cubic Meters per Year

CAPEX Capital Expenditure

CCTV Closed Circuit Television

DBM Design Basis Memorandum

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ESD Emergency Shut Down

Ex ’d’ Explosion Proof (flameproof)

Ex ’p’ Explosion Proof (pressurised)

EExi Explosion Proof (intrinsically safe)

F&G Fire and Gas

FEED Front End Engineering Design

FOC Fibre Optic Cable