The Effects of Strength-Based Versus Deficit-Based Self-Regulated Learning Strategies On Students' Effort Intentions
The Effects of Strength-Based Versus Deficit-Based Self-Regulated Learning Strategies On Students' Effort Intentions
The Effects of Strength-Based Versus Deficit-Based Self-Regulated Learning Strategies On Students' Effort Intentions
Hiemstra and Van Yperen investigated the casual effects of strength-based versus
deficit-based self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies on students’ effort intentions
(hypothesis 1) and the mediating effects of perceived competence (PC) and intrinsic
motivation (IM) on effort intentions (IM; hypothesis 2). Their research model highlights
the importance of SRL strategies, competence, and intrinsic motivation on the effort
intentions of students on a hypothetical school project. As expected, the findings of the
first methodological study proved that students who use strength-based SRL stragies are
higher on all three measures of PC, IM, and EI. However, within the measures itself, it is
possible that the results may vary if you measure students effort intensions on a project
that they actually intend and are required to complete. As this is difficult to manufacture
accurately, a follow up study would be helpful in the expansion and understanding of the
difference between strength-based and self-regulated SRL strategies and the impact that
they have on effort intentions in students. The second methodological study – using a
different sample – found that PC and IM mediate effort intentions. The use of a
randomized control trial design presents a good chance of the results being replicable,
and could establish causation rather than correlation an eventual grasp of understanding
of the implications that these results could potentially have. Although contradicting many
learning and motivation theories (such as Baumeister, Mueller and Dweck), that self-
enhancing strategies are detrimental to intrinsic motivation, the experiment presents
interesting results that require further investigation and verification.
Expanding on these results and the implications that they pose, I think that it
would be necessary to move forward to a more precise measurement of self-regulated
learning strategies. For instance, the ability to rate these strategies on a continuum could
help to specifically isolate which learning strategy would be ideally suited for the
particular individual that is being taken into account. In addition, these students were of
an older age and it would be interesting to see if these SRL strategies would extend to a
younger age group (i.e. elementary aged kids). The advantages to being able to encourage
self-motivating strategies in children while retaining intrinsic motivation does not need to
be emphasized – as it would be an excellent way for teachers to not only positively
involve themselves in younger students education without the fear of unintentionally
discouraging their motivation, and also encourage kids who lack said motivation to learn
the intrinsic value of education. Unfortunately, to do the fragility of motivation in
children and the importance of education, it would be important in developing an
experiment that would have no long-lasting effects on children’s ability to perform in
school. In addition, experiments to analyze if there are sex-differences in what SRL
strategy would be highly valuable.
Alternate Assignment (B) – PSYC 471 – 260529216 – BODNARUK, Logan
Klaassen and Peter investigated the research on the effects of pornography and the
content, trying to settle disputing claims about the depiction of gender (in)equality in
Internet pornography and the difference of this representation in amateur and professional
pornography. Analyzing content of objectification, power, and violence (three main
dimensions of gender equality), of 400 popular sexually explicit videos of both amateur
and professional videos, the study attempted to provide an insight of the content of
Internet porn. Women were objectified through instrumentality more than men, but men
were often objectified through dehumanization. Social power did not differ between men
and women, but the traditional man-dominant and woman-submissive was shown more
frequently that the opposite situation. Violence occurred infrequently outside of some
mild S&M scenes, in addition to nonconsensual sex. Amateur pornography depicted
women as lesser than men in the category of gender inequality than professional
pornography did. This study was extremely comprehensive and posited questions and
defined variables allowing for easy classification and evaluation of videos and the results.
As the study shows, there are implications for this study in both media effects
research and debates on pornography. For instance with media effects research, a large
issue in contemporary society is the objectification of women in advertising in order to
sell to the consumer markets. Although economically proven (i.e. men are more likely to
make a snap decision to purchase something unnecessary if they are distracted by an
attractive women in the ad), the problem of this is still hazardous to the well beings and
impressionability of adolescent women. This type of media campaigning can lead to
negative self-images, decreased happiness, eating disorders, and self-esteem issues of
both teenage girls and boys. An extension to understand the effects of the media could be
taken from this study and an analysis to the extent that both men women are objectified
and dominated in the media industry would prove to be highly useful.
Alternate Assignment (B) – PSYC 436 – 260529216 – BODNARUK, Logan
Emmerink et al.