Pgcil Specs

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SECTION-SWITCHYARD ERECTION
पावर ग्रिड कापोरे शन आफ इन्डडया लऱलिटे ड

(भारत सरकार का उद्यम)
Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
(A Government of India Enterprises)
Document No.: C/ENGG/SPEC/SE (Rev.10) April 2016

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SECTION- SWITCHYARD ERECTION

REVISION - 10
SECTION-(SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
CONTENTS
Clause No Particulars Page No.

1.0 General 1
2.0 String Insulators & Hardware 1
3.0 AAC/ACSR Conductor 12
4.0 Galvanised Steel Earth Wire 15
5.0 Aluminium Tube 17
6.0 Earthing Conductors 18
7.0 Spacers 19
8.0 Bus Post Insulators 20
9.0 Earthing 23
10.0 Bus Bars 28
11.0 Bay Equipment 28
12.0 Lightning Protection 30
13.0 Equipment Erection Details 30
14.0 Storage 31
15.0 Cabling Material 31
16.0 Directly Buried Cables 33
17.0 Installation Of Cables 33
18.0 Junction Box 38
19.0 Testing And Commissioning 38
Annexure-A Testing Procedure for ACSR MOOSE conductor 40
Annexure-B Testing Procedure for Galvanised Steel Earthwire 42
Annexure-C Corona and Radio Interference Voltage (RIV) Test 44
Annexure-D Short Circuit Forces And Spacer Span for Gantry Str. 46
Annexure-E Standard Technical Data Sheets for Conductors, 48
Earthwire and Aluminium pipe
SECTION-(SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
1.0 GENERAL
This section covers erection of all equipment such as circuit breakers,

isolators, current transformers, voltage transformers, surge arresters etc.
This section also covers design, engineering, manufacture, testing at
works, supply, insurance, handling, storage, erection, testing and
commissioning of supply & erection of following items.
- String insulators and hardware
- AAC / ACSR conductor
- Galvanised Steel Earthwire
- Aluminium Tube
- Spacers
- Bus post insulators
- Earthing & Earthing materials
- Lightning protection materials
- Cabling material
- Other items
2.0 String Insulators & Hardware
The insulators for suspension and tension strings shall conform to IEC-60383
and long rod insulators shall conform to IEC-60433. Insulator hardware shall
conform to IS:2486. Composite long rod polymer insulator shall conform to
IEC:61109. Further, the contractor shall supply insulators as per details
mentioned below:
A. Tension Insulator String
Sl. No. System Voltage Type

1. 765kV, 400kV, 220kV & 132kV (for Composite Long Rod
all substations in coastal, pollution Polymer with 31mm/kV
affected areas as identified in Creepage
Section-Project and for all
substations in Northern Region)
substations not covered in 1. above) Polymer/Porcelain/Glass
with 31mm/kV Creepage
B. Suspension Insulator String
Sl. No. System Voltage Type

all substations) Polymer with 31mm/kV
Creepage
Technical Specification, Section : SE Page - 1 of 58

C / ENGG / SPEC / ERC REV. NO: 10 (Apr’16)
SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
2.1 Construction Features (Porcelain & Glass Insulators)
2.1.1 Porcelain insulators
a) Suspension and tension insulators shall be wet process porcelain with ball
and socket connection. Insulators shall be interchangeable and shall be
suitable for forming either suspension or tension strings. Each insulator
shall have rated strength, manufacturer‘s logo, month & year of
manufacturing markings on porcelain printed and applied before firing.
b) Porcelain used in insulator manufacturing shall be homogeneous, free from

laminations, cavities and other flaws or imperfections that might affect the
mechanical or dielectric quality and shall be thoroughly vitrified, tough and
impervious to moisture.
c) Glazing of the porcelain shall be of uniform brown colour, free from blisters,
burrs and other similar defects.
2.1.2 Glass insulators
It shall be made of toughened glass. Glass used for the shells shall be sound,
free from defects, flows bubbles, inclusions, etc and be of uniform toughness
over its entire surface. All exposed glass surfaces shall be smooth.
2.1.2.1 When operating at normal rated voltage, there shall be no electric discharge
between conductor and insulator which would cause corrosion or damage to
conductors or insulators by the formation of substances due to chemical action.
2.1.2.2 The design of the insulator shall be such that stresses due to expansion and
contraction in any part of the insulator shall not lead to deterioration. All ferrous
parts shall be hot dip galvanized in accordance with the latest edition of IS: 2629.
The zinc used for galvanizing shall be of grade Zn-99.95 as per IS-209. The zinc
coating shall be uniform, adherent, smooth, reasonably bright, continuous and
free from imperfections such as flux, ash, rust stains bulky white deposits and
blisters.
2.1.2.3 Contractor shall make available data on all the essential features of design
including the method of assembly of discs and metal parts, number of discs per
insulator string, the manner in which mechanical stresses are transmitted through
discs to adjacent parts, provision for meeting expansion stresses, results of
corona and thermal shock tests, recommended working strength and any special
design or arrangement employed to increase life under service conditions.
2.1.3 Hardware Fittings
2.1.3.1 Clamps for insulator strings and Corona Control rings shall be of aluminium alloy
as stipulated for clamps and connectors.
2.1.3.2 Insulator hardware shall be of forged steel. Malleable cast iron shall not be
accepted except for insulator disc cap. The surface of hardware must be clean,
smooth, without cuts, abrasion or projections. No part shall be subjected to
excessive localized pressure. The metal parts shall not produce any noise
generating corona under operating conditions.
2.1.3.3 The tension Insulator hardware assembly shall be designed for minimum 21000
kg tensile load for 765kV and minimum 12000 kg tensile load for hardware

C / ENGG / SPEC / SE REV. NO: 10 (Apr’16)
SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
assembly below 765kV. Earth wire tension clamp shall be designed for minimum
1000 kg tensile load with a factor of safety of two (2).
2.1.3.4 The tension string assemblies shall be supplied alongwith suitable turn buckle.
Sag compensation springs if required may also be provided.
2.1.3.5 All hardware shall be bolted type.
2.2 Tests
In accordance with the stipulations of the specification, the suspension and
tension strings, insulator and hardware shall be subjected to the following type
tests, acceptance tests and routine tests:
2.2.1 Type Tests on Insulator Strings: The test reports for following type tests shall
be submitted for approval as per clause 9.0 of Section - GTR.
a) Power frequency voltage withstand test with corona control rings (if
applicable) under wet condition as per IEC- 60383.
b) Switching surge voltage withstand test [400 kV and above class only]
under wet condition as per IEC-60383.
c) Lightning Impulse voltage withstand test with corona control rings under
dry condition as per IEC-60383
d) Voltage distribution test (Dry) [applicable for disc insulator string only]
The voltage across each insulator unit shall be measured by sphere gap
method. The result obtained shall be converted into percentage. The
voltage across any disc shall not exceed 6.5% for 765 kV suspension and
tension insulator strings, 9% and 10% for 400KV suspension string and
tension insulator string respectively, 13% for 220KV suspension and
tension insulator strings, 20% and 22% for 132KV suspension and
tension insulator strings respectively.
e) Corona Extinction Voltage test (Dry) [220kV and above class only]
The sample assembly when subjected to power frequency voltage shall

have a corona extinction voltage as specified at clause 2.3.2. There
shall be no evidence of Corona on any part of the sample. The
atmospheric condition during testing shall be recorded and the test results
shall be accordingly corrected with suitable correction factor as stipulated
in IEC 60383.
f) RIV Test (Dry) [220kV and above class only]
Under the conditions as specified under (e) above the insulator string
alongwith complete hardware fittings shall have a radio interference
voltage as specified in clause 2.3.2 of this section. The test procedure
shall be in accordance with IS 8263/IEC 60437.
g) Mechanical strength test: The test shall be carried out as per following
procedure.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
The complete insulator string alongwith its hardware fitting excluding

arcing horn, corona control ring, grading ring, tension/suspension clamps
shall be subjected to a load equal to 50% of the specified minimum
ultimate tensile strength (UTS) which shall be increased at a steady rate
to 67% of the minimum UTS specified. The load shall be held for five
minutes and then removed. After removal of the load, the string
components shall not show any visual deformation and it shall be
possible to dismantle them by hand. Hand tools may be used to remove
cotter pins and loosen the nuts initially. The string shall then be
reassembled and loaded to 50% of UTS and the load shall be further
increased at a steady rate till the specified minimum UTS and held for
one minute. No fracture should occur during this period. The applied load
shall then be increased until the failing load is reached and the value
recorded.
2.2.2 Type Tests on String Insulator Units
Type test report for Thermal Mechanical Performance tests (applicable for
porcelain type insulators) as per IEC-60575, Clause 3 shall be submitted for
approval as per clause 9.2 of Section - GTR.
2.2.3 Acceptance Tests for Insulators:
a) Visual examination as per IEC-60383/ IEC-61109 clause no. 7.2 (for

composite long rod insulators).
b) Verification of Dimensions as per IEC- 60383.
c) Temperature cycle test as per IEC- 60383.
d) Puncture Test as per IEC-60383 (Applicable only for porcelain insulators).
e) Galvanizing Test as per IEC- 60383.
f) Mechanical performance test as per IEC-60575 Cl. 4 / IEC-61109 clause

no. 7.2 (for composite long rod insulators).
g) Test on locking device for ball and socket coupling as per IEC-60372(2).
h) Porosity test as per IEC- 60383 (Applicable only for porcelain insulators).
i) Thermal shock test as per IEC-60383 (Applicable only for glass

insulators)
2.2.4 Acceptance Test on Hardware Fitting
a) Visual Examination as per Cl. 5.10 of IS: 2486 (Part-I).
b) Verification of Dimensions as per Cl. 5.8 of IS:2486 (Part-I)
c) Galvanising/Electroplating tests as per Cl. 5.9 of IS:2486 (Part-I).
d) Slip strength test as per Cl 5.4 of IS-2486 (part-I)
e) Shore hardness test by the Elastometer

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
f) Mechanical strength test for each component (including corona control

rings and arcing horns).
The load shall be so applied that the component is stressed in the same
way as it would be in actual service and the procedure as given in
2.2.1.(g) above should be followed.
g) Test on locking devices for ball and socket coupling as per IEC -60372(2).
2.2.5 Routine Test on Insulator
a) Visual Inspection as per IEC-60383
b) Mechanical Routine Test as per IEC-60383
c) Electrical Routine Test as per IEC-60383
2.2.6 Routine Test on hardware Fittings
a) Visual examination as per Cl 5.10 of IS:2486 (Part-I)
b) Mechanical strength Test as per Cl. 5.11 of IS:2486 (Part-I)
2.2.7 Test during manufacture on all Components as applicable on insulator
a) Chemical analysis of zinc used for galvanising: Samples taken from the
zinc ingot shall be chemically analyzed as per IS: 209. The purity of zinc
shall not be less than 99.95%.
b) Chemical Analysis, mechanical hardness tests and magnetic particle

inspection for malleable casting:
The chemical analysis, hardness tests and magnetic particle inspection

for malleable casting will be as per the internationally recognized
procedures for these tests. The sampling will be based on heat number
and heat treatment batch. The details regarding tests will be as discussed
and mutually agreed to by the Contractor and Employer in Quality
Assurance Program.
2.2.8 Test during manufacture on all components as applicable on hardware

fittings:
a) Chemical analysis of zinc used for galvanising:
Samples taken from the zinc ingot shall be chemically analyzed as per
IS:209. The purity of zinc shall not be less than 99.95%
b) Chemical analysis, hardness tests and magnetic particle for Forgings/

fabricated hardware:
The chemical analysis, hardness tests and magnetic particle inspection

for forgings/fabricated hardware will be as per the internationally
recognized procedures for these tests. The sampling will be based on
heat number and heat treatment batch. The details regarding tests will be
as discussed and mutually agreed to by the Contractor and Employer in
Quality Assurance Programme.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
2.3 Guaranteed technical Particular For
2.3.1 Disc Insulators
Sl. No. Description For 765kV For

400/220/132kV
a) Type of insulators Anti Fog type Anti Fog type
b) Physical Size of insulator units
(i) Diameter of Disc As per IEC As per IEC
(ii) Ball to ball spacing between 170 mm 145 mm
discs
c) Electro mechanical strength 210 kN 120 kN
d) Minimum Creepage distance of 460 mm 430 mm
individual insulator units
e) Markings
i) For Porcelain insulators Markings on Markings on
porcelain porcelain
ii) For toughened glass insulators Markings shall Markings shall
be done on be done on
initial parts initial parts
f) Power frequency puncture 1.3 times the 1.3 times the
withstand voltage actual wet actual wet
flashover flashover
voltage voltage
2.3.2 INSULATOR STRING
Sl. Description 765 kV 400kV 220kV 132kV

No.
a) Power frequency withstand 870 680 460 275
voltage of the complete string
with corona control ring (wet)
– KV rms
b) Lightning impulse withstand ± 2100 ± 1550 ± 1050 ± 650
Voltage of string with corona
control rings (dry) - kVp
c) Switching surge withstand ± 1550 ± 1050 NA NA
voltage of string with corona
control rings (wet) - kVp
d) Minimum corona extinction 508 320 156 NA
voltage level of string with
Corona Control rings (dry) - kV
rms
e) Maximum RIV level in micro 1000 1000 1000 NA
volts of string with Corona (Max) (Max) (Max)
Control rings across 300 Ohms at 320
at 508 at 156
resistor at 1 MHz kV
kV kV
f) Minimum total creepage 24800 13020 7595 4495
distance of the insulator
string (mm)
g) Minimum no. of discs per 54 31 18 11
string (for tension string if
applicable)

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
h) Electromechanical strength of 210 120 120 120

Insulator Unit. ( KN)
For tension application:-
Double insulator strings for 765kV, 400kV, 220kV and single insulator strings for
132 kV systems shall be used.
For suspension application:-
V-type polymer insulator string shall be used for 765kV system and single
suspension polymer insulator string shall be used for 400kV, 220kV & 132 kV
systems.
2.4 COMPOSITE LONG ROD POLYMER INSULATOR
Bidder shall offer composite long rod polymer insulators with suitable hardware
fittings.
2.4.1 Details of Composite Long Rod Insulators
2.4.1.1 Insulators shall have sheds of the ―open aerodynamic profile without any under
ribs‖ with good self-cleaning properties. Insulator shed profile, spacing projection
etc. shall be strictly in accordance with the recommendation of IEC-60815.
2.4.1.2 Ball and socket shall be 20mm designation for 120kN & 24mm designation for
210kN Insulators in accordance with the standard dimensions stated in
IEC:60120/ IS:2486 (Part-II). Insulators shall be interchangeable and shall be
suitable for forming either suspension or tension strings. Each insulator shall
have laser markings on housings for manufacturer‘s name, month & year of
manufacturing, rated strength markings on each composite insulator rod unit. No
negative tolerance shall be applicable to creepage distance of composite
insulators
2.4.1.3 All ferrous parts shall be hot dip galvanized as per Section-GTR with
minimum weight of zinc coating as 610 gm/sq.m for normal area and 900
gm/sq.m for coastal area as specified in Section-Project.
2.4.2 Material
2.4.2.1 Core
It shall be a glass-fiber reinforced (FRP) epoxy resin rod of high strength. The rod
shall be resistant to hydrolysis. The rod shall be of electrical grade corrosion
resistant (ECR), boron free glass and shall exhibit both high electrical integrity
and high resistance to acid corrosion.
2.4.2.2 Housing & Weathersheds
The FRP rod shall be covered by a sheath of a silicone rubber compound of a

thickness of minimum 5mm. The housing & weathersheds should have silicon
content of minimum 30% by weight. It should protect the FRP rod against
environmental influences, external pollution and humidity. It shall be extruded or
directly molded on the core. The interface between the housing and the core
must be uniform and without voids. The strength of the bond shall be greater
than the tearing strength of the polymer. The manufacturer shall follow non-

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
destructive technique (N.D.T.) to check the quality of jointing of the housing

interface with the core.
The weathersheds of the insulators shall be of alternate shed profile. The

weathersheds shall be vulcanized to the sheath (extrusion process) or molded as
part of the sheath (injection moulding process) and free from imperfections. The
vulcanization for extrusion process shall be at high temperature and for injection
moulding shall be at high temperature & high pressure. Any seams/ burrs
protruding axially along the insulator, resulting from the injection moulding
process shall be removed completely without causing any damage to the
housing. The track resistance of housing and shed material shall be class 1A4.5
according to IEC60587. The strength of the weathershed to sheath interface shall
be greater than the tearing strength of the polymer. The composite insulator shall
be capable of high pressure washing.
2.4.2.3 End Fittings
End fittings transmit the mechanical load to the core. They shall be made of
malleable cast iron/ spheroidal graphite or forged steel. They shall be connected
to the rod by means of a controlled compression technique. The manufacturer
shall have in-process Acoustic emission arrangement or some other
arrangement to ensure that there is no damage to the core during crimping. This
verification shall be in-process and done on each insulator. The system of
attachment of end fitting to the rod shall provide superior sealing performance
between housing and metal connection. The gap between fitting and sheath shall
be sealed by a flexible silicone rubber compound. The sealing shall stick to both
housing and metal end fitting. The sealing must be humidity proof and durable
with time.
End fittings shall have suitable provisions for fixing grading rings at the correct
position as per design requirements.
2.4.2.4 Grading Rings
Grading rings shall be used at both ends of each composite insulator unit for
reducing the voltage gradient on and within the insulator and to reduce TV noise
to acceptable levels. The size and placement of the metallic grading rings shall
be designed to eliminate dry band arcing/corona cutting/ exceeding of
permissible electrical stress of material. The insulator supplier shall furnish
design calculations using appropriate electric field software showing electric field
at surface of housing, inside housing & core and at the interface of housing and
metal fittings with the proposed placement and design of corona rings. Grading
rings shall be capable of installation and removal with hot line tools without
disassembling any other part of the insulator assembly.
The design & supply of grading rings shall be in the scope of the composite
insulator supplier.
2.4.3 Tests
2.4.3.1 Type Tests
The test reports for following type tests on long rod units, components, materials
or complete strings shall be submitted for approval as per clause 9.2 of Section -
GTR.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
2.4.3.1.1 On the complete composite Long Rod Polymer Insulator String with
Hardware Fittings:-
a) Power frequency voltage withstand test with corona control rings/grading ring
and arcing horns (if provided) under wet condition as per IEC:60383-1993.
b) Switching surge voltage withstand test under wet condition as per IEC:60383-
1993.
c) Impulse voltage withstand test under dry condition as per IEC:60383-1993
d) Corona and RIV test under dry condition. [132kV and above class only]
The sample assembly when subjected to power frequency voltage shall have
a corona extinction voltage as specified in clause 2.3.2 of this section There
shall be no evidence of Corona on any part of the sample. The atmospheric
condition during testing shall be recorded and the test results shall be
accordingly corrected with suitable correction factor as stipulated in IEC
60383.
Under the conditions as specified above the insulator string alongwith

complete hardware fittings shall have a radio interference voltage level as
specified at specified in clause 2.3.2 of this section. The test procedure shall
be in accordance with IS 8263/IEC-60437.
e) Mechanical Strength test: The test shall be carried out as per following
procedure.
The complete insulator string alongwith its hardware fitting excluding arcing
horn, corona control ring, grading ring, tension/suspension clamps shall be
subjected to a load equal to 50% of the specified minimum ultimate tensile
strength (UTS) which shall be increased at a steady rate to 67% of the
minimum UTS specified. The load shall be held for five minutes and then
removed. After removal of the load, the string components shall not show any
visual deformation and it shall be possible to dismantle them by hand. Hand
tools may be used to remove cotter pins and loosen the nuts initially. The
string shall then be reassembled and loaded to 50% of UTS and the load
shall be further increased at a steady rate till the specified minimum UTS and
held for one minute. No fracture should occur during this period. The applied
load shall then be increased until the failing load is reached and the value
recorded.
f) Salt-fog pollution withstand test as per IEC: 60507. The salinity level for
composite long rod insulators shall be 160 Kg/m3 NaCl.
2.4.3.1.2 On Composite Polymer Insulator Units
a) Tests on interfaces and connections of metal fittings as per IEC: 61109-2008.
b) Assembled core load time test as per IEC: 61109-2008.
c) Damage limit proof test and test of tightness of interface between end firings
and insulator housing as per IEC: 61109-2008
d) High Pressure washing test

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
The washing of a complete insulator of each E&M rating is to be carried out

at 3800 kPa with nozzles of 6 mm diameter at a distance of 3m from nozzles
to the insulator, the washing shall be carried out for 10minutes. There shall
be no damage to the sheath or metal fitting to housing interface. The
verification shall be done by 1 minute wet power frequency withstand test at
680kV r.m.s for 400KV.
e) Brittle fracture resistance test
The test arrangement shall be according to Damage limit proof test with
simultaneous application of 1N-HNO3 acid directly in contact with naked FRP
rod. The contact length of acid shall not be less than 40mm and thickness
around the core not less than 10mm.The rod shall withstand 80% of SML for
96 hours.
f) Dye penetration test as per IEC: 61109-2008
g) Water diffusion test as per IEC: 61109-2008
h) Tracking and erosion test as per IEC: 61109-2008.
i) Hardness test as per IEC: 61109-2008.
j) Accelerated weathering test as per IEC: 61109-2008.
k) Flammability test as per IEC: 61109-2008.
l) Silicone content test
Minimum content of silicone shall be 30% and the same shall be verified
through FT-IR spectroscopy & TGA analysis or any other approved/
acceptable method.
m) Recovery of Hydrophobicity test
1. The surface of selected samples shall be cleaned with isopropyl alcohol.

Allow the surface to dry and spray with water. Record the HC classification.
Dry the sample surface.
2. Treat the surface with corona discharges to destroy the hydrophobicity.

This can be done utilizing a high frequency corona tester, Holding the
electrode approximately 3mm from the sample surface, slowly move the
electrode over an area approximately 1‖ x 1‖. Continue treating this area
for 2 – 3 minutes, operating the tester at maximum output.
3. Immediately after the corona treatment, spray the surface with water and
record the HC classification. The surface should be hydrophilic, with an HC
value of 6 or 7. If not, dry the surface and repeat the corona treatment for a
longer time until an HC of 6 or 7 is obtained. Dry the sample surface.
4. Allow the sample to recover and repeat the hydrophobicity measurement at

several time intervals. Silicone rubber should recover to HC 1 – HC 2 within
24 to 48 hours, depending on the material and the intensity of the corona
treatment.
n) Torsion test

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
Three complete insulators of each electrical and mechanical rating shall be

subjected to a torsional load of 55Nm. The torsional strength test shall be
made with test specimen adequately secured to the testing machine. The
torsional load shall be applied to the test specimen through a torque member
so constructed that the test specimen is not subjected to any cantilever
stress. The insulator after torsion test must pass the Dye Penetration Test as
per IEC 61109.
o) Accelerated ageing test of 5000hrs as described in appendix-C of IEC 61109

or Test at multiple stresses of 5000 hrs as described in Annex-B of IEC -
62217
2.4.3.2 Acceptance Tests:
For Composite Long Rod Polymer Insulators
a. Verification of dimensions IEC : 61109-2008

b. Galvanizing test IEC : 60383
c. Verification of end fittings IEC : 61109-2008
d. Recovery of Hydrophobicity As per Cl. 2.4.3.1.2.m)
above
e. Verification of tightness of interface IEC : 61109-2008
between end fittings and insulator
housing and of specified mechanical load
f. Silicone content test As per Cl. 2.4.3.1.2.l)
above
g. Brittle fracture resistance test As per Cl. 2.4.3.1.2.e)
above
h. Dye penetration test IEC : 61109-2008
i. Water diffusion test IEC : 61109-2008
In the event of failure of the sample to satisfy the acceptance test(s) specified in
2.4.3.2 above, the re-test procedure shall be as per IEC 61109.
2.4.3.3 Routine Tests
For Composite Long Rod Polymer Insulator Units

a) Visual Examination As per IEC:61109-2008
b) Mechanical routine test As per IEC:61109 -2008
2.4.4 Guaranteed Technical Particulars for Composite Long Rod Polymer

Insulators
The technical parameters for composite long rod polymer insulator string
shall be same of the insulator string specified in clause 2.3.2 of this
section.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
3.0 AAC / ACSR CONDUCTOR
3.1 Details of AAC Conductor
3.1.1 The Conductor shall conform to IEC: 61089/IS: 398 (Part V) - 1992 except where
otherwise specified herein.
The contractor shall supply the conductor as per the standard guaranteed technical
particulars enclosed in Annexure-E of the technical specification, Section –
Switchyard Erection and separate approval for guaranteed technical particulars is
not required during detailed engineering.
3.2 Details of ACSR Conductor
3.2.1 The Conductor shall conform to IEC: 61089/IS: 398 (Part V) - 1992 except where
otherwise specified herein.
3.2.2 The details of the ACSR Bersimis, ACSR Moose, ACSR Zebra and ACSR Panther
conductors shall be as per the standard guaranteed technical particulars enclosed in
Annexure-E of the technical specification, Section – Switchyard Erection and
separate approval for guaranteed technical particulars is not required during
detailed engineering.
3.3 Workmanship
3.3.1 The finished conductor shall be smooth, compact, uniform and free from all
imperfections including kinks (protrusion of wires), wire cross over, over riding,
looseness (wire being dislocated by finger/hand pressure and/or unusual bangle
noise on tapping), material inclusions, white rust, powder formation or black spot (on
account of reaction with trapped rain water etc.), dirt, grit etc.
3.3.2 All the Aluminium and steel strands shall be smooth, uniform and free from all
imperfections, such as spills and splits, diemarks, scratches, abrasions, etc., after
drawing.
3.3.3 The steel strands shall be hot dip galvanised and shall have a minimum zinc coating
as indicated in the guaranteed technical particulars. The zinc coating shall be
smooth, continuous and of uniform thickness, free from imperfections and shall
withstand minimum three dips in standard Preece test. The steel wire rods shall be of
such quality and purity that, when drawn to the size of the strands specified and
coated with zinc, the finished strands and the individual wires shall be of uniform
quality and have the same properties and characteristics as prescribed in IEC:
60888.
3.3.4 The steel strands shall be preformed and post formed in order to prevent spreading
of strands in the event of cutting of composite core wire. Care shall be taken to
avoid, damages to galvanisation during pre-forming and post-forming operation.
3.4 Joints in Wires
3.4.1 Aluminium Wires
3.4.1.1 During stranding, no aluminium wire welds shall be made for the purpose of
achieving the required conductor length.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
3.4.1.2 No joints shall be permitted in the individual wires in the outer most layer of the
finished conductor. However joints are permitted in the inner layer of the conductor
unavoidably broken during stranding, provided such breaks are not associated with
either inherently defective wire or with the use of short lengths of aluminium wires.
Such joints shall not be more than four (4) per conductor length and shall not be
closer than 15 meters from joint in the same wire or in any other aluminium wire of
the completed conductor.
3.4.1.3 Joints shall be made by cold pressure butt welding and shall withstand a stress of
not less than the breaking strength of individual strand guaranteed.
3.4.2 Steel Wires

There shall be no joint of any kind in the finished wire used for the manufacturing
of the strand. There shall also be no strand joints or strand splices in any length of
the completed stranded steel core of the conductor.
3.5 Tolerances
The manufacturing tolerances to the extent indicated in the guaranteed technical

particulars shall be permitted in the diameter of individual aluminium and steel
strands and lay-ratio of the conductor.
3.6 Materials
3.6.1 Aluminium
The aluminium strands shall be hard drawn from electrolytic aluminium rods having
purity not less than 99.5% and a copper content not exceeding 0.04%. They shall
have the same properties and characteristics as prescribed in IEC:60889.
3.6.2 Steel
The steel wire strands shall be drawn from high carbon steel wire rods produced by
either the acid or the basic open-hearth process, the electric furnace process, or the
basic oxygen process and shall conform to the chemical composition indicated in the
guaranteed technical particulars.
The Steel wire strands shall have the same properties and characteristics as
prescribed for regular strength steel wire in IEC: 60888.
3.6.3 Zinc
The zinc used for galvanising shall be electrolytic High Grade Zinc of 99.95% purity.
It shall conform to and satisfy all the requirements of IS:209 -1979.
3.7 Standard Length
3.7.1 The conductor shall be supplied as required. No joint shall be allowed within a single
span of stringing, jumpers and equipment interconnection.
3.8 Tests:
3.8.1 The following type, acceptance & routine tests and tests during manufacturing shall
be carried out on the conductor.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
3.8.1.1 Type Tests
In accordance with the stipulation of specification, the following type tests reports of
the conductor shall be submitted for approval as per clause 9.2 of Section -GTR.
a) UTS test on stranded )

conductor. )
)
b) Corona extinction ) As per Annexure-A
voltage test (dry) )
)
(c) Radio Interference )
voltage test (dry) )
)
(d) DC resistance test )
on stranded conductor )
3.8.1.2 Acceptance Tests
a) Visual check for joints, )

scratches etc. and ) As per Annexure - A
lengths of conductor )
b) Dimensional check on )
steel and aluminium )
strands )
)
c) Check for lay ratios ) -do-
of various layers )
)
d) Galvanising test on steel )
strands )
)
e) Torsion and Elongation )
test on steel strands )
f) Breaking load test on )

steel and aluminium )
strands )
)
g) Wrap test on steel and ) As per IEC:60888 & 60889
aluminium strands )
h) DC resistance test on ) As per IEC:60889

aluminium strands )
i) UTS test on welded ) As per Annexure - A

joint of aluminium )
strands )
NOTE:
All the above tests except test mentioned at (a) shall be carried out on aluminium
and steel strands after stranding only.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
3.8.1.3 Routine Tests
a) Check to ensure that the joints are as per specification.
b) Check that there are no cuts, fins etc. on the strands.
c) All acceptance tests as mentioned above to be carried out on each

coil/drum (as applicable).
3.8.1.4 Tests During Manufacture
a) Chemical analysis of )
zinc used for galvanising )
)
b) Chemical analysis of )
aluminium used for ) As per Annexure - A
making aluminium strands )
)
c) Chemical analysis of )
steel used for making )
steel strands )
4.0 Galvanised Steel Earth wire

4.1 Details of Earth wire
4.1.1 The galvanised steel earth wire shall generally conform to the specification of ACSR
core wire as mentioned in IEC:60888/IS: 398 (Part-II)-1976 except where otherwise
specified herein.
The contractor shall supply the earthwire as per the standard guaranteed technical
particulars enclosed in Annexure-E of the technical specification, Section –
Switchyard Erection and separate approval for guaranteed technical particulars is
not required during detailed engineering.
4.2 Workmanship
4.2.1 All steel strands shall be smooth, uniform and free from all imperfections, such as
spills and splits, die marks, scratches, abrasions and kinks after drawing and also
after stranding.
4.2.2 The finished material shall have minimum brittleness as it will be subjected to
appreciable vibration while in use.
4.2.3 The steel strands shall be hot dip qalvanised and shall have minimum Zinc coating
after stranding, as stipulated in guaranteed technical particulars attached with. The
zinc coating shall be smooth, continuous, of uniform thickness, free from
imperfections. The steel wire rod shall be of such quality and purity that, when drawn
to the size of the strands specified and coated with zinc, the finished strands shall be
of uniform quality and have the same properties and characteristics as prescribed in
ASTM designation B498-74.
4.2.4 The steel strands shall be preformed and post formed in order to prevent spreading
of strands while cutting of composite earth wire. Care shall be taken to avoid damage
to galvanisation during preforming and postforming operation.
4.2.5 To avoid susceptibility towards wet storage stains (white rust), the finished material
shall be provided with a protective coating of boiled linseed oil.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
4.3 Joints in Wires

There shall be no joints of any kind in the finished steel wire strand entering into the
manufacture of the earth wire. There shall be no strand joints or strand splices in any
length of the completed stranded earth wire.
4.4 Tolerances
The manufacturing tolerance to the extent of the limits as stipulated in guaranteed
Technical Particulars attached with this specification shall only be permitted in the
diameter of the individual steel strands and lay length of the earth wire.
4.5 Materials
4.5.1 Steel
The steel wire strands shall be drawn from high carbon steel rods and the chemical
composition shall conform to the requirements as stipulated in Guaranteed Technical
Particulars attached with.
4.5.2 Zinc
The zinc used for galvanising shall be electrolytic High Grade Zinc. It shall conform
to and satisfy all the requirements of IS: 209 -1979.
4.6 Standard Length
4.6.1 The standard length of the earth wire shall be as stipulated in Guaranteed Technical
Particulars attached with, with the specified tolerance on standard length.
4.8 TESTS
4.8.1 The following type, routine & acceptance tests and tests during manufacturing shall
be carried out on the earthwire.
4.8.2 TYPE TESTS
In accordance with the stipulation of specification, the following type tests reports
of the earthwire shall be submitted for approval as per clause 9.2 of Section -
GTR.
a) UTS test )
) As per Annexure - B
b) DC resistance test )
4.8.3 ACCEPTANCE TESTS
a) Visual check for joints, )

scratches etc. and )
length of Earthwire )
)
b) Dimensional check ) As per Annexure - B
)
c) Galvanising test )
)
d) Lay length check )
)

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
e) Torsion test )
f) Elongation test )
)
g) Wrap test )
h) DC resistance test )
) IS:398 (Part-III) - 1976
i) Breaking load test )
)
j) Chemical Analysis of )
steel
4.8.4 ROUTINE TESTS
a) Check that there are no cuts, fins etc. on the strands.
b) Check for correctness of stranding.
4.8.5 TESTS DURING MANUFACTURE
a) Chemical analysis of ) As per Annexure - B

zinc used for galvanising )
)
b) Chemical analysis of steel )
5.0 ALUMINIUM TUBE
5.1 General
Aluminium used shall be grade 63401 WP (range 2) conforming to IS:5082.
The contractor shall supply the aluminium tubes as per the standard guaranteed
technical particulars enclosed in Annexure-E of this section and separate
approval for guaranteed technical particulars is not required during detailed
engineering.
5.2 Constructional Features
5.2.1 For outer diameter (OD) & thickness of the tube there shall not be any negative
tolerance, other requirements being as per IS: 2678 and IS: 2673.
5.2.2 The welding of aluminium tube shall be done by the qualified welders duly
approved by the Employer.
5.3 Tests
In accordance with stipulations of the specification, Routine tests shall be

conducted on tubular bus conductors as per IS:5082. Also the wall thickness and
ovality of the tube shall be measured.
5.4 Technical Parameters
Sl. Description 3” AL. 4” AL. 4.5” AL. 5” AL.

No. TUBE TUBE TUBE TUBE
1. Type 3" IPS 4" IPS 4.5" IPS 5" IPS

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
(EH Type) (EH Type) (EH Type) (H Type)

2. Outer diameter 88.9 mm 114.2 mm 120.00 mm 141.30 mm
3. Thickness 7.62 mm 8.51 mm 12.00 mm 9.53 mm
4. Cross-sectional 1945.76 2825.61 4071.50 3945.11
area of sq.mm sq.mm sq.mm sq.mm
aluminium
5. Weight 5.25 kg/m 7.7 kg/m 11.034 kg/m 10.652 kg/m
Sl. Description 6” AL. TUBE 8” AL. TUBE 10” AL. TUBE

No.
1. Type 6‖ IPS 8‖ IPS 10‖ IPS
(H Type) (H Type) (H Type)
2. Outer diameter 150 mm 202 mm 252 mm
3. Thickness 10 mm 16 mm 17 mm
4. Cross-sectional 4398.2 9349.3 12550.6
area of Sq mm sq.mm sq.mm
aluminium
5. Weight 11.875 kg/m 25.243 kg/m 33.887 kg/m
6.0 EARTHING CONDUCTORS
6.1 General
All conductors burried in earth and concrete shall be of mild steel. All conductors
above ground level and earthing leads shall be of galvanised steel, except for
cable trench earthing. The minimum sizes of earthing conductor to be used are
as indicated in clause 9.4 of this Section.
6.2.1 Galvanised Steel
a) Steel conductors above ground level shall be galvanised according to

IS:2629.
b) The minimum weight of the zinc coating shall be 610 gm/sq.m for normal
area and 900 gm/sq.m for coastal area as specified in Section-
Project and minimum thickness shall be 85 microns.
c) The galvanised surfaces shall consist of a continuous and uniformly thick

coating of zinc, firmly adhering to the surfaces of steel. The finished
surface shall be clean and smooth and shall be free from defects like
discoloured patches, bare spots, unevenness of coating, spelter which is
loosely attached to the steel globules, spiky deposits, blistered surfaces,
flaking or peeling off etc. The presence of any of these defects noticed
on visual or microscopic inspection shall render the material liable to
rejection.
6.3 Tests
In accordance with stipulations of the specifications galvanised steel shall be

subjected to four one minute dips in copper sulphate solution as per IS : 2633.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
7.0 SPACERS
7.1 General
Spacers shall conform to IS: 10162. The spacers are to be located at a suitable
spacing to limit the short circuit forces as per IEC -60865. Wherever Employer‘s
765kV, 400 kV, 220kV & 132kV standard gantry structures are being used, the
spacer span(s) for different conductor / span configurations and corresponding
short circuit forces shall be as per Annexure-D. For strung buses, flexible type
spacers shall be used whereas for jumpers and other connections rigid type
spacers shall be used. All quad/twin conductors between equipments/ bus shall
be provided with at least one spacer.
Wherever Employer‘s 765kV, 400 kV, 220kV & 132kV standard gantry structures
are not being used, necessary spacer span calculation shall be provided by the
contractor during detailed engineering for the approval of Employer.
7.2.1 No magnetic material shall be used in the fabrication of spacers except for GI
bolts and nuts.
7.2.2 Spacer design shall be made to take care of fixing and removing during
installation and maintenance.
7.2.3 The design of the spacers shall be such that the conductor does not come in
contact with any sharp edge.
7.3 Tests
Each type of spacers shall be subjected to the following type tests, acceptance
tests and routine tests:
7.3.1 Type Tests: Following type test reports shall be submitted for approval as
per clause 9.2 of Section - GTR.
a) Clamp slip tests
The sample shall be installed on test span of twin conductor bundle string
or quadruple conductor bundle string (as applicable) at a tension of 44.2
kN. One of the clamps of the sample when subjected to a longitudinal
pull of 2.5 kN parallel to the axis of the conductor shall not slip on the
conductor. The permanent displacement between the conductor and the
clamp of sample measured after removal of the load shall not exceed 1.0
mm. Similar tests shall be performed on the other clamps of the same
sample.
b) Fault current test as per Cl 5.14.2 of IS: 10162. Alternately, the same can
be carried by simulated short circuit method for which compressive forces
shall be based on IEC-60865.
c) Corona Extinction Voltage Test (Dry).
This test shall be performed on 765 kV, 400 kV and 220 kV spacers as
per procedure mentioned at Annexure - C, Minimum Corona Extinction
voltage shall be as per clause 2.3.2.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
d) RIV Test (Dry)
This test shall be performed as per procedure mentioned at Annexure - C,

Maximum RIV levels shall be as per clause 2.3.2.
e) Resilience test (if applicable)
f) Tension Test
g) Log decremant test (if applicable)
h) Compression test
i) Galvanising test
7.3.2 Acceptance Test (As per IS:10162)
a) Visual examination
b) Dimensional verification
c) Movement test
d) Clamp slip test
e) Clamp bolt torque test (if applicable)
f) Assembly torque test
g) Compression test
h) Tension test
i) Galvanising test
j) Hardness test for neoprene (if applicable)
The shore hardness of different points on the elastometer surface of

cushion grip clamp shall be measured by shore hardness meter. It shall
be between 65 to 80.
k) Ultimate Tensile Strength Test
The UTS of the retaining rods shall be measured. It shall not be less than
35 kg/Sq. mm.
7.3.3 Routine test
a) Visual examination
b) Dimensional verification
8.0 BUS POST INSULATORS
The post insulators shall conform in general to latest IS: 2544, IEC-60168, IEC
60273 and IEC-60815.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
8.1.1 Bus Post insulators shall consist of a porcelain part permanently secured in a
metal base to be mounted on the supporting structures. They shall be capable of
being mounted upright. They shall be designed to withstand any shocks to which
they may be subjected to by the operation of the associated equipment. Only
solid core insulators will be acceptable.
8.1.2 Porcelain used shall be homogeneous, free from lamination, cavities and other
flaws or imperfections that might affect the mechanical or dielectric quality and
shall be thoroughly vitrified, tough and impervious to moisture.
8.1.3 Glazing of the porcelain shall be of uniform brown in colour, free from blisters,
burrs and other similar defects.
8.1.4 The insulator shall have alternate long and short sheds with aerodynamic profile,
The shed profile shall also meet the requirements of IEC-60815 for the specified
pollution level.
8.1.5 When operating at normal rated voltage there shall be no electric discharge
between conductor and insulators which would cause corrosion or damage to
conductors or insulators by the formation of substance produced by chemical
action.
8.1.6 The design of the insulators shall be such that stresses due to expansion and
contraction in any part of the insulator shall not lead to deterioration.
8.1.7 All ferrous parts shall be hot dip galvanised in accordance with the latest edition
of IS: 2633, & IS: 2629. The zinc used for galvanising shall be grade Zn 99.95 as
per IS: 209. The zinc coating shall be uniform, adherent, smooth, reasonably
bright, continuous and free from imperfections such as flux ash, rust stains, bulky
white deposits and blisters. The metal parts shall not produce any noise
generating corona under the operating conditions.
8.1.8 a) Every bolt shall be provided with a hop dip galvanised steel washer under
the nut so that part of the threaded portion of the bolts is within the
thickness of the parts bolted together.
b) Flat washer shall be circular of a diameter 2.5 times that of bolt and of
suitable thickness. Where bolt heads/nuts bear upon the beveled
surfaces they shall be provided with square tapered washers of suitable
thickness to afford a seating square with the axis of the bolt.
c) All bolts and nuts shall be of steel with well formed hexagonal heads
forged from the solid and shall be hot dip galvanised. The nuts shall be
good fit on the bolts and two clear threads shall show through the nut
when it has been finally tightened up.
8.1.9 Bidder shall furnish drawings for the essential design features of assembly of
shells and metal parts, and number of shells per insulator.
8.2 Tests
In accordance with the stipulations of the specification, the post insulators shall
be subjected to type, acceptance, sample and routine tests as per IEC-60168.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
8.2.1 In accordance with the stipulation of specification, the following type tests
reports of the post insulators shall be submitted for approval as per clause 9.2 of
Section - GTR.
a) Power frequency withstand test (dry & wet)
b) Lightning impulse test (dry)
c) Switching impulse test (wet) (For 420 kV and above class Insulator only)
d) Measurement of R.I.V (Dry) (As per Annexure – C)
e) Corona extinction voltage test (Dry) (As per Annexure – C)

.
f) Test for deflection under load
g) Test for mechanical strength.
8.2.2 In addition to acceptance/sample/routine tests as per IEC-60168, the following

tests shall also be carried out.
a) Soundness test, metallurgical tests and magnetic particle Inspection

(MPI) test on MCI/SGI caps as acceptance test.
b) All hot dip galvanised components shall be subjected to check for

uniformity of thickness and weight of zinc coating on sample basis as an
acceptance test.
c) The bending test shall be carried out at 50% minimum cantilever strength
load in four directions as a routine test and at 100% minimum cantilever
strength load in four directions as an acceptance test.
d) Acceptance norms for visual defects allowed at site and also at works
shall be agreed in the Quality plan.
8.3 Technical Parameters of Bus Post Insulators.
Sl. Description 800 kV 420 kV 245 kV 145 kV

No.
a) Type Solid Solid Solid Solid
Core Core Core Core
b) Voltage Class (kV) 800 420 245 145
c) Dry and wet one minute 830 680 460 275
power frequency
withstand voltage (kV
rms)
d) Dry lightning impulse ±2100 ±1425 +1050 +650
withstand Voltage (kVp)
e) Wet switching surge ±1550 ±1050 —- —-
withstand voltage (kVp)
f) Max. radio interference 1000 500 500 500
voltage (in microvolts) - at 508 kV at 305 kV at 156 kV at 105 kV
Dry
g) Corona extinction voltage 508 320 156 105
(kV rms) (min.)

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
h) Cantilever Strength
(i) Total minimum cantilever 800 800 800 600
strength (Kg)
i) Minimum torsional As per As per As per As per
moment IEC- IEC- IEC- IEC-
60273 60273 60273 60273
j) Total height of insulator 5700 3650 2300 1500
(mm)
k) P.C.D Top (mm) 225 127 127 127
Bottom (mm) 325 300 254 254
l) No. of bolts
Top 4 4 4 4
Bottom 8 8 8 8
m) Diameter of bolt/holes
(mm)
Top M16 M16 M16 M16
Bottom dia 18 18 18 18
n) Pollution level as per Heavy(III) Heavy(III) Heavy(III) Heavy(III)
IEC-60815
o) Minimum total creepage 20000 10500 6125 3165
distance for Heavy
Pollution (mm)
8.3.1 If corona extinction voltage is to be achieved with the help of corona ring or any
other similar device, the same shall be deemed to be included in the scope of the
Contractor. Aluminium used for corona ring shall be of grade 63401 or 19501
conforming to IS:5082.
9.0 EARTHING
9.1 The earthing shall be done in accordance with requirements given hereunder and
drawing titled ‗Earthing Details‘ enclosed with the specification. The spacing for
the main earthmat shall be provided by the Employer and the earthmat layout
drawings shall be prepared by the contractor based on the spacing provided by
the Employer. The resistivity of the stone for spreading over the ground shall be
considered as 3000 ohm-m under wet condition. The resistivity measurement of
stone (to be used for stone spreading) shall also be done by the Contractor to
confirm the minimum resistivity value of stone considered in earth mat design.
For measurement purpose, one sample of stones from each source (in case
stones are supplied from more than one source) shall be used. The main
earthmat shall be laid in the switchyard area in accordance with the approved
earthmat layout.
9.2 Neutral points of systems of different voltages, metallic enclosures and frame
works associated with all current carrying equipments and extraneous metal
works associated with electric system shall be connected to a single earthing
system unless stipulated otherwise.
9.3 Earthing and lightning protection system installation shall be in strict accordance
with the latest editions of Indian Electricity Rules, relevant Indian Standards and
Codes of practice and Regulations existing in the locality where the system is
installed.
a) Code of practice for Earthing IS: 3043

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
b) Code of practice for the protection of Building and allied structures

against lightning IS: 2309.
c) CEA Safety Regulations 2010 & Indian Electricity Act 2003 with latest
amendments.
d) National Electricity Safety code IEEE-80.
9.4 Details of Earthing System
Sl. Item Size Material

No.
a) Main Earthing Conductor to be 40mm dia Mild Steel rod
buried in ground as per IS:2062/
SAE1018
b) Conductor above ground& 75x12mm G.S. flat Galvanised
earthing leads (for equipment) Steel
c) Conductor above ground& 75x12mm G.S. flat Galvanised
earthing leads(for columns & aux. Steel
structures)
d) Earthing of indoor LT panels, 50x6 mm G.S. flat Galvanised
Control panels and outdoor Steel
marshalling boxes, Junction
boxes& Lighting Panels etc.
e) Rod Earth Electrode 40mm dia, Mild Steel
3000mm long as per IS:2062/
SAE1018
f) Pipe Earth Electrode (in treated 40mm dia, Galvanised
earth pit) as per IS. 3000mm long steel
g) Earthing for motors 25x3mm GS flat Galvanised
steel
h) Earthing conductor along outdoor 50x6mm MS flat Mild steel
cable trenches as per IS:2062/
SAE1018
I) Earthing of Lighting Poles 40 mm dia 3000 Mild steel rod
(for lighting poles outside mm long as per IS:2062/
switchyard) SAE1018
j) Isolator MOM Box 75X12 mm GS flat Galvanised
& Flexible copper steel and
braid copper braid
The sizes of the earthing conductor indicated above are the minimum sizes.
9.5 Earthing Conductor Layout
9.5.1 Earthing conductors in outdoor areas shall be buried at least 600 mm below
finished ground level unless stated otherwise.
9.5.2 Wherever earthing conductor crosses cable trenches, underground service

ducts, pipes, tunnels, railway tracks etc., it shall be laid minimum 300 mm below
them and shall be circumvented in case it fouls with equipment/structure
foundations.
9.5.3 Tap-connections from the earthing grid to the equipment/structure to be earthed

shall be terminated on the earthing terminals of the equipment/structure as per
―Standard Earthing Details – Drg No. C/ENG/STD/EARTHINGS/09‖ enclosed.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
9.5.4 Earthing conductors or leads along their run on cable trench, ladder, walls etc.
shall be supported by suitable welding/cleating at intervals of 750 mm. Wherever
it passes through walls, floors etc., PVC sleeves shall be provided for the
passage of the conductor and both ends of the sleeve shall be sealed to prevent
the passage of water through the sleeves.
9.5.5 Earthing conductor around the building shall be buried in earth at a minimum
distance of 1500 mm from the outer boundary of the building.
9.5.6 Earthing conductors crossing the road shall be laid 300mm below road or at
greater depth to suit the site conditions.
9.5.7 Earthing conductors embeded in the concrete shall have approximately 50mm
concrete cover.
9.6 ELECTRO-MAGNETIC FIELD CONTROL
The contractor shall provide galvanised steel earth wire at 8m level in the
area where three interconnection levels (equipment interconnection, bus &
jack bus interconnection) are present at 765kV switchyard to limit electric
and magnetic field within permissible limit.
9.7 Equipment and Structure Earthing
9.7.1 Earthing pads shall be provided for the apparatus/equipment at accessible

position. The connection between earthing pads and the earthing grid shall be
made by two short earthing leads (one direct and another through the support
structure) free from kinks and splices. In case earthing pads are not provided on
the item to be earthed, same shall be provided in consultation with Employer.
9.7.2 Whether specifically shown in drawings or not, steel/RCC columns, metallic stairs
etc. shall be connected to the nearby earthing grid conductor by two earthing
leads. Electrical continuity shall be ensured by bonding different sections of
hand-rails and metallic stairs.
9.7.3 Metallic pipes, conduits and cable tray sections for cable installation shall be
bonded to ensure electrical continuity and connected to earthing conductors at
regular interval. Apart from intermediate connections, beginning points shall also
be connected to earthing system.
9.7.4 Metallic conduits shall not be used as earth continuity conductor.
9.7.5 Wherever earthing conductor crosses or runs along metallic structures such as
gas, water, steam conduits, etc. and steel reinforcement in concrete it shall be
bonded to the same.
9.7.6 Light poles, junction boxes on the poles, cable and cable boxes/glands, lockout
switches etc. shall be connected to the earthing conductor running alongwith the
supply cable which in turn shall be connected to earthing grid conductor at a
minimum two points whether specifically shown or not.
9.7.7 Railway tracks within switchyard area shall be earthed at a spacing of 30m and
also at both ends.
9.7.8 Earthing conductor shall be buried 2000 mm outside the switchyard fence. All the
gates and every alternate post of the fence shall be connected to earthing grid.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
The stone spreading shall also be done 2000 mm outside switchyard fence. The
criterian for stone spreading shall be followed in line with requirement specified
elsewhere in the specification
9.7.9 Flexible earthing connectors shall be provided for the moving parts.
9.7.10 All lighting panels, junction boxes, receptacles fixtures, conduits etc. shall be
grounded in compliance with the provision of I.E. rules
9.7.11 A continuous ground conductor of 16 SWG GI wire shall be run all along each
conduit run. The conductor shall be connected to each panel ground bus. All
junction boxes, receptacles, switches, lighting fixtures etc. shall be connected to
this 16 SWG ground conductor.
9.7.12 50mm x 6mm MS flat shall run on the top tier and all along the cable trenches
and the same shall be welded to each of the racks. Further this flat shall be
earthed at both ends and at an interval of 30 mtrs. The M.S. flat shall be finally
painted with two coats of Red oxide primer and two coats of Zinc riched enamel
paint.
9.7.13 One number 40 mm dia, 3000 mm long MS earth electrode with test link, CI
frame and cover shall be provided to connect each down conductor of surge
arresters, capacitive voltage transformers, lightning masts and towers with peak.
9.8 Jointing
9.8.1 Earthing connections with equipment earthing pads shall be bolted type. Contact
surfaces shall be free from scale, paint, enamel, grease, rust or dirt. Two bolts
shall be provided for making each connection. Equipment bolted connections,
after being checked and tested, shall be painted with anti corrosive
paint/compound.
9.8.2 Connection between equipment earthing lead and main earthing conductors and
between main earthing conductors shall be welded type. For rust protections, the
welds should be treated with red oxide primer and afterwards coated with two
layers bitumen compound to prevent corrosion.
9.8.3 Steel to copper connections shall be brazed type and shall be treated to prevent
moisture ingression.
9.8.4 Resistance of the joint shall not be more than the resistance of the equivalent
length of the conductor.
9.8.5 All ground connections shall be made by electric arc welding. All welded joints
shall be allowed to cool down gradually to atmospheric temperature before put-
ting any load on it. Artificial cooling shall not be allowed.
9.8.6 All arc welding with large dia. conductors shall be done with low hydrogen
content electrodes.
9.8.7 The 75x12mm GS flat shall be clamped with the equipment support structures at
1000mm interval.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
9.9 Power Cable Earthing
Metallic sheaths and armour of all multi core power cables shall be earthed at
both equipment and switchgear end. Sheath and armour of single core power
cables shall be earthed at switchgear end only.
9.10 Specific Requirement for Earthing Systems
9.10.1 Each earthing lead from the neutral of the power transformer/Reactor shall be
directly connected to two numbers pipe electrodes in treated earth pit (as per IS)
which in turn, shall be buried in Cement Concrete pit with a ISI marked cast iron
cover hinged to a cast iron frame to have an access to the joints. All accessories
associated with transformer/reactor like cooling banks, radiators etc. shall be
connected to the earthing grid at minimum two points.
9.10.2 Earthing terminal of each lightning arrester & capacitor voltage transformer shall
be directly connected to rod earth electrode which in turn, shall be connected to
station earthing grid.
9.10.3 Auxiliary earthing mat comprising of 40mm dia M.S. rods closely spaced (300
mm x 300 mm) conductors shall be provided at depth of 300mm from ground
level below the operating handles of the M.O.M. Box of the isolators. M.O.M.
boxes shall be directly connected to the auxiliary earthing mat. Flexible copper
braid connection to be provided between MOM box and GI flat to take care of soil
sagging. The size of auxiliary earthing mat shall be of 1500mmx1500mm size for
220kV and above voltage class isolators and 900mmx900mm size for 132kV and
below voltage class isolators. Factory welded auxiliary earthmat is preferable.
9.11 Insulating mats
9.11.1 The scope covers supply and laying of insulating mats of ―class A‖ conforming to
IS: 15652-2006.
9.11.2 These insulating mats shall be laid in front of all floor mounted AC and DC
switchboards and control & relay panels located in control room building/
Switchyard panel room.
9.11.3 The insulating mats shall be made of elastomer material free from any insertions
leading to deterioration of insulating properties. It shall be resistant to acid, oil
and low temperature.
9.11.4 Upper surface of the insulating mats shall have small aberration (rough surface
without edges) to avoid slippery effects while the lower surface shall be plain or
could be finished slip resistant without affecting adversely the dielectric property
of the mat.
9.11.5 Insulating mat (wherever applicable) shall be of pastable type, to be fixed

permanently on the front of the panels except for the chequered plate area which
shall not be pasted as per requirement. The insulating mats shall generally be
fixed and joints shall be welded as per recommendations in Annexure-A of IS:
15652.
9.11.6 Width of insulating mats shall generally be of 1.5 meters or as per site
requirements. Length shall be supplied as per site requirements.
9.11.7 The insulating mats offered shall conform to IS: 15652-2006.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
10.0 Bus Bars
The brief description of the bus switching scheme, bus bar layout and equipment
connection to be adopted are indicated elsewhere in the specification. The bus
bar arrangements are shown in electrical layout drawings enclosed with the bid
documents.
10.1 The Contractor shall furnish supporting calculations where the design is to be
done by the contractor for the bus bars/conductors to show adequacy of design
parameters for:
a) Fibre-stress (applicable for aluminum tube)
b) Cantilever strength of post insulators (applicable for aluminum tube)
c) Aeolain vibrations (applicable for aluminum tube)
d) Vertical deflection of bus bars (applicable for aluminum tube)
e) Short circuit forces in bundle conductor and spacer location for each span
of ACSR conductor stringing as per layout drawings.
10.1.1 The welds in the aluminium tubes shall be kept to the minimum and there shall
not be more than one weld per span. The procedure and details of welding shall
be subject to Employer‘s approval. Material for welding sleeve shall be same as
that of Aluminium tube. Welding sleeve shall be of 600mm length
10.1.2 Corona bells shall be provided wherever the bus extends beyond the clamps and
on free ends, for sealing the ends of the tubular conductor against rain and
moisture and to reduce the electrostatic discharge loss at the end points. There
shall be a small drain hole in the corona bell. The material of Corona bell shall be
Aluminium alloy similar to that of clamps & connectors.
10.1.3 To minimise the vibrations in the aluminium tubes, damping conductor shall be
provided inside the aluminium tubes. For this purpose, the cut pieces of ACSR
conductor which otherwise are considered wastages, shall be used as damping
conductor.
10.1.4 Details of past experience of the persons proposed to be employed for
Aluminium tube welding and the test reports of the welded pieces to prove the
electrical and mechanical characteristics shall also be furnished to Employer.
Welding at site shall be done by adopting a qualified procedure and employing
qualified welders as per ASME-Section IX.
10.1.5 Joints shall be avoided in strung bus to avoid joint failure / hot spots and
hardwares to be designed accordingly.
11.0 BAY EQUIPMENT
11.1 The disposition of various bay equipments shall be as per single line diagrams
and layout drawings.
11.2 Bay Marshalling Kiosk:-
Bay marshalling kiosk shall be fabricated from 304 grade stainless steel of
minimum thickness of 1.6mm. For other constructional details, technical
specification of section-GTR shall be referred. Further, for stainless steel
type bay marshaling kiosk, no painting is envisaged.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
One no. of bay marshalling kiosk shall be provided for each 765 kV, 400 kV, 220
kV and 132 kV bay under present scope. For one and half breaker scheme, one
number bay marshalling kiosk shall be provided for each controlling feeder (Line/
transformer/ bus reactor etc) of the diameter and no bay marshalling kiosks are
required to be provided for the tie bays. In addition to the requirements specified
elsewhere in the specification, the bay marshalling kiosk shall have two distinct
compartments for the following purpose:-
A. For 765kV , 400 kV & 220 kV Bays
(i) To receive two incoming 415V, 3 phase, 63Amps, AC supply with auto
changeover and MCB unit and distribute minimum nine (9) numbers
outgoing 415V, 3 phase, 16 Amps AC supplies controlled by MCB.
(ii) To distribute minimum two numbers outgoing 415V, 63Amps three phase
supplies to be controlled by MCB to be drawn from above 3 phase
incomers for supply to switchyard panel rooms.
(iii) To distribute minimum ten numbers outgoing 240V, 10 Amps single

phase supplies to be controlled by MCB to be drawn from above 3 phase
incomers.
(iv) Necessary Terminal Blocks for terminating cables from ACDB and
necessary heating circuits.
B. For 132kV & 66 kV Bays
(i) To receive two incoming 415V, 3 phase, 63Amps, AC supply with auto
changeover and MCB unit and distribute minimum four (4) number
outgoing 415V, 3 phase, 16 Amps AC supplies controlled by MCB.
(ii) To distribute minimum six (6) numbers outgoing 240V, 10 Amps single
phase supplies to be controlled by MCB to be drawn from above 3 phase
incomers.
(iii) 100 nos. terminal blocks in vertical formation for interlocking facilities for
substations without automation system.
(iv) Necessary Terminal Blocks for terminating cables from ACDB and
necessary heating circuits.
11.3 Further, all Bay Marshalling Kiosks shall be erected such that a minimum height
of 1000mm is maintained between FGL & bottom of the marshalling box. Size of
Marshalling box shall be such that cables are properly terminated and wires are
dressed with provision of loop.
11.4 BAY AND PHASE IDENTIFICATION
11.4.1 The name plate for the bays shall be provided by the contractor as per standard
drawing (Drawing no. C/ENG/STD/BAY NAME PLATE) enclosed in this technical
specification.
11.4.2 All the phases are to be identified by painting the structures Red, Yellow and
Blue by reflecting colour as per as built condition. Phase identification colour is to
be provided around the top of the structure with colour band of 100 mm width at
a height of approximately 2000mm from the finished ground level.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
12.0 LIGHTNING PROTECTION

12.1 Direct stroke lightning protection (DSLP) shall be provided in the EHV switchyard
by lightning masts and shield wires. The layout drawings enclosed indicate the
tentative arrangement. The final arrangement shall be decided after approval of
the DSLP calculations.
12.2 The lightning protection system shall not be in direct contact with underground
metallic service ducts and cables.
12.3 Conductors of the lightning protection system shall not be connected with the
conductors of the safety earthing system above ground level.
12.4 Down conductors shall be cleated on the structures at 2000 mm interval.
12.5 Connection between each down conductor and rod electrodes shall be made via
test joint (pad type compression clamp) located approximately 1500 mm above
ground level. The rod electrode shall be further joined with the main earthmat.
12.6 Lightning conductors shall not pass through or run inside G.I. conduits.
12.7 Lightning protection shall also be provided for various buildings like control
building, FFPH, Township buildings as per relevant standard.
13.0 EQUIPMENT ERECTION DETAILS
13.1 All circuit breaker and isolator erection shall be done under the supervision of
equipment manufacturer and erection of all switchyard equipments shall be done
as per POWERGRID approved Field Quality Plan (FQP) and as per provision of
Technical Specification.
13.2 For equipment interconnection, the surfaces of equipment terminal pads,

Aluminium tube, conductor & terminal clamps and connectors shall be properly
cleaned. After cleaning, contact grease shall be applied on the contact surfaces
of equipment terminal pad, Aluminium tube/conductor and terminal clamps to
avoid any air gap in between. Subsequently bolts of the terminal pad/terminal
connectors shall be tightened and the surfaces shall be cleaned properly after
equipment interconnection.
13.3 Muslin or leather cloth shall be used for cleaning the inside and outside of hollow
insulators.
13.4 All support insulators, circuit breaker interrupters and other fragile equipment
shall preferably be handled with cranes having suitable booms and handling
capacity.
13.5 Bending of Aluminium tube and compressed air piping if any should be done by a
bending machine and through cold bending only. Bending shall be such that
inner diameter of pipe is not reduced.
All welding done at site for equipment and structures, shall be painted with zinc
rich paint immediately to avoid corrosion.
13.6 Cutting of the pipes wherever required shall be such as to avoid flaring of the
ends. Hence only a proper pipe cutting tool shall be used. Hack saw shall not be
used.
13.7 Handling of equipment shall be done strictly as per manufacturer‘s/supplier‘s

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
instructions/instruction manual.
13.8 Handling equipment, sling ropes etc. should be tested periodically before
erection for strength.
13.9 The slings shall be of sufficient length to avoid any damage to insulator due to
excessive swing, scratching by sling ropes etc.
14.0 STORAGE
14.1 The Contractor shall provide and construct adequate storage shed as per the
Filed Quality Plan for proper storage of equipments, where sensitive equipments
shall be stored indoors. All equipments during storage shall be protected against
damage due to acts of nature or accidents. The storage instructions of the
equipment manufacturer/Employer shall be strictly adhered to. POWERGRID
approved Field Quality Plan shall be followed alongwith the provision of
Technical Specification for storage.
15.0 CABLING MATERIAL
15.1 CABLE TAGS AND MARKERS
15.1.1 Each cable and conduit run shall be tagged with numbers that appear in the
cable and conduit schedule.
15.1.2 The tag shall be of aluminium with the number punched on it and securely
attached to the cable conduit by not less than two turns of 20 SWG GI wire
conforming to IS:280. Cable tags shall be of rectangular shape for power cables
and of circular shape for control cables.
15.1.3 Location of cables laid directly underground shall be clearly indicated with cable
route marker made of galvanised iron plate.
15.1.4 Location of underground cable joints shall be indicated with cable route marker
with an additional inscription ―Cable joints‖.
15.1.5 The cable route marker shall project 150 mm above ground and shall be spaced
at an interval of 30 meters and at every change in direction. They shall be
located on both sides of road and drain crossings as per relevant standard.
15.1.6 Cable tags shall be provided on all cables at each end (just before entering the
equipment enclosure), on both sides of a wall or floor crossing, on each
duct/conduit entry and at each end & turning point in cable tray/trench runs.
Cable tags shall be provided inside the switchgear, motor control centres, control
and relay panels etc., wherever required for cable identification, where a number
of cables enter together through a gland plate.
15.2 Cable Supports and Cable Tray Mounting Arrangements
15.2.1 The Contractor shall provide embedded steel inserts on concrete floors/walls to
secure supports by welding to these inserts or available building steel structures.
15.2.2 The supports shall be fabricated from standard structural steel members.
15.2.3 Insert plates will be provided at an interval of 750 mm wherever cables are to be
supported without the use of cable trays, such as in trenches, while at all other

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
places these will be at an interval of 2000 mm.
15.2.4 Vertical run of cables on equipment support structure shall be supported on

perforated cable trays of suitable width which shall be suitably bolted/clamped
with the equipment support structure.
.
15.3 Cable Termination and Connections
15.3.1 The termination and connection of cables shall be done strictly in accordance
with cable and termination kit manufacturer‘s instructions, drawing and/or as
directed by the Employer.
15.3.2 The work shall include all clamping, fittings, fixing, plumbing, soldering, drilling,
cutting, taping, heat shrinking (where applicable), connecting to cable terminal,
shorting and grounding as required to complete the job.
15.3.3 Supply of all consumable material shall be in the scope of Contractor.
15.3.4 The equipment will be generally provided with undrilled gland plates for
cables/conduit entry. The Contractor shall be responsible for drilling of gland
plates, painting and touching up. Holes shall not be made by gas cutting.
15.3.5 Control cable inside control panel/switchgear/MCCB/MCC/ miscellaneous panels

shall be neatly bunched, clamped and tied with nylon strap or PVC perforated
strap to keep them in position.
15.3.6 The Contractor shall use printed ferrules for control cable cores at all
terminations, as instructed by the Employer. Each cable wire shall be identified
with a number and detailed cable schedule may be prepared indicating the wire
numbers.
15.3.7 Spare cores shall be similarly encaped & tagged with cable numbers and coiled
up with end cap.
15.3.8 All cable entry points shall be sealed and made vermin and dust proof. Unused
openings shall be effectively closed.
15.3.9 Double compression type nickel plated (coating thickness not less than 10
microns) brass cable glands shall be provided by the Contractor for all power and
control cables to provide dust and weather proof terminations.
15.3.10 The cable glands shall conform to BIS:6121. They shall comprise of heavy duty
brass casting, machine finished and nickel plated, to avoid corrosion and oxida-
tion. Rubber components used in cable glands shall be neoprene and of tested
quality. Cable glands shall be of approved make.
15.3.11 The cable glands shall also be suitable for dust proof and weather proof
termination.
15.3.12 If the cable-end box or terminal enclosure provided on the equipment is found
unsuitable and requires modification, the same shall be carried out by the
Contractor, as directed by the Employer.
15.3.13 Crimping tool used shall be of approved design and make.
15.3.14 Control Cable lugs shall be tinned copper solderless crimping type conforming to

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
IS-8309 & 8394. Aluminium Bimetallic lugs for power cables as required shall be
used depending upon type of cables and terminations.
15.3.15 Solderless crimping of terminals shall be done by using corrosion inhibitory

compound. The cable lugs shall suit the type of terminals provided.
15. 4 Storage and handling of Cable Drums
15.4.1 Cable drums shall be unloaded, handled and stored in an approved manner and
rolling of drums shall be avoided as far as possible. For short distances, the
drums may be rolled provided they are rolled slowly and in proper direction as
marked on the drum.
16.0 DIRECTLY BURIED CABLES
16.1 The Contractor shall construct the cable trenches required for directly buried
cables. The scope of work shall include excavation, preparation of sand bedding,
soil cover, supply and installation of brick or concrete protective covers, back
filling and ramming, supply and installation of route markers and joint markers.
16.2 The cable (power and control) between LT station, DG set location and fire
lighting pump house and control room shall be laid in the burried cable trenches.
In addition to the above, for lighting purpose also, buried cable trench can be
used in outdoor area.
16.3 Power cables from Main Switchboard to colony shall be laid in burried cable
trench. Location of cable termination point at colony shall be as per site condition
and shall be decided in consultation with Employer‘s site-in-charge. Power
Cables for oil filtration plant shall be laid in open cable trench or burried trench
upto transformer/reactor area and can be looped from adjacent receptacles
provided for power supply of oil filtration plant.
16.4 Cable route and joint markers and RCC warning covers shall be provided
wherever required. The voltage grade of cables shall be engraved on the marker.
Cable markers shall be grounded in a concrete base.
17.0 INSTALLATION OF CABLES
17.1 Cabling in the control room shall be done on ladder type cable trays for vertical
runs while cabling in switchyard area shall be done on angles in the trench.
17.2 All cables from bay cable trench to equipments including and all interpole cables
(both power and control) for all equipment, shall be laid in PVC pipes of minimum
50 mm nominal outside diameter of class 4 as per IS 4985 which shall be buried
in the ground at a depth of 250mm below finish formation level. Separate PVC
pipes shall be laid for control and power cables. Cable pull boxes of adequate
size shall be provided if required. For vertical runs on equipments, perforated
cable trays shall be provided for all equipments under scope of the
contract or any equipment to be provided by the owner (including for
owner supplied circuit breakers).
17.3 Cables shall be generally located adjoining the electrical equipment through the
pipe insert embedded in the floor. In the case of equipments located away from
cable trench either pipe inserts shall be embedded in the floor connecting the
cable trench and the equipment or in case the distance is small, notch/opening
on the wall shall be provided. In all these cases necessary bending radius as

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
recommended by the cable manufacturer shall be maintained. Embedded pipes

shall be dressed properly at the equipment termination points.
17.4 Cable racks and supports shall be painted after installation with two coats of
metal primer (comprising of red oxide and zinc chromate in a synthetic medium)
followed by two finishing coats of aluminium paint. The red oxide and zinc
chromate shall conform to IS:2074.
17.5 Suitable arrangement should be used between fixed pipe/cable trays and
equipment terminal boxes, where vibration is anticipated.
17.6 Power and control cables in the cable trench shall be laid in separate tiers. The
order of laying of various cables shall be as follows, for cables other than directly
buried.
a) Power cables preferably on top tiers.
b) Control instrumentation and other service cables in bottom tiers.
c) For cabling from control room to switchyard in main cable trench, cable
shall be laid such that bottom tiers are preferably filled first and top tiers
are kept for filling future cables as per the instructions of Engineer-In-
Charge.
17.7 For Single core cables in trefoil formation shall be laid with a distance of three
times the diameter of cable between trefoil centre lines. Further, for horizontal
cables a minimum centre to centre distance equal to twice the diameter of the
cable of higher size of cables shall be maintained.
17.8 Trefoil clamps for single core cables shall be of pressure die cast aluminium (LM-
6), Nylon-6 or fibre glass and shall include necessary fixing GI nuts, bolts,
washer etc. These are required at every 2 metre of cable runs.
17.9 Power and control cables shall be securely fixed to the trays/supports with self
locking type nylon ties with de-interlocking facility at every 5 metre interval for
horizontal run. Vertical and inclined cable runs shall be secured with 25 mm
wide and 2 mm thick aluminium strip clamps at every 2m.
17.10 Cables shall not be bent below the minimum permissible limit. The permissible
limits are as follows:
Table of Cable and Minimum bending radius
Power cable 12 D
Control cable 10 D
D is overall diameter of cable
17.11 Where cables cross roads, drains and rail tracks, these shall be laid in reinforced
spun concrete or steel pipes buried at not less than one metre depth. The size of
hume/steel pipe shall be such that approximately 70% area is only occupied. For
meeting future requirement, additional hume/steel pipe shall be laid for future bay
provision.
17.12 In each cable run some extra length shall be kept at a suitable point to enable
one (for LT cables)/ two (for H.T. cables) straight through joints to be made in
case the cable develop fault at a later date.
17.13 Selection of cable drums for each run shall be so planned as to avoid using
straight through joints. Cable splices will not be permitted except where called for

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
by the drawings, unavoidable or where permitted by the Employer. If straight

through joints are unavoidable, the Contractor shall use the straight through
joints kit of reputed make.
17.14 Control cable terminations inside equipment enclosures shall have sufficient
lengths so that changing of termination in terminal blocks can be done without
requiring any splicing.
17.15 Metal screen and armour of the cable shall be bonded to the earthing system of
the station, wherever required by the Employer.
17.16 Rollers shall be used at intervals of about two metres while pulling cables to
avoid damage.
17.17 All due care shall be taken during unreeling, laying and termination of cable to
avoid damage due to twist, kinks, sharp bends, etc.
17.18 Cable ends shall be kept sealed to prevent damage. In cable vault, fire resistant
seal shall be provided underneath the panels.
17.19 Inspection on receipt, unloading and handling of cables shall generally be in

accordance with IS:1255 and other Indian Standard Codes of practices.
17.20 Wherever cable pass through floor or through wall openings or other partitions,
GI/PVC wall sleeves with bushes having a smooth curved internal surface so as
not to damage the cable, shall be supplied, installed and properly sealed by the
Contractor at no extra charges.
17.21 In case the outer sheath of a cable is damaged during handling/installation, the
Contractor shall repair it at his own cost to the satisfaction of the Employer. In
case any other part of a cable is damaged, the same shall be replaced by a
healthy cable at no extra cost to the Employer, i.e. the Contractor shall not be
paid for installation and removal of the damaged cable.
17.22 All cable terminations shall be appropriately tightened to ensure secure and
reliable connections. The Contractor shall cover the exposed part of all cable
lugs whether supplied by him or not with insulating tape, sleeve or paint.
17.23 Cable trays
i) The cable trays shall be of G.S Sheet and minimum thickness of sheet
shall be 2mm.
ii) The Contractor shall perform all tests and inspection to ensure that
material and workmanship are according to the relevant standards.
Contractor shall have to demonstrate all tests as per specification and
equipment shall comply with all requirements of the specification.
a) Test for galvanising (Acceptance Test)

The test shall be done as per approved standards.
17.24 Conduits, Pipes and Duct Installation
17.24.1 Contractor shall supply and install all rigid conduits, mild steel pipes, flexible
conduits, hume pipes etc. including all necessary sundry materials such as tees,
elbows, check nuts, bushing, reducers, enlargers, coupling cap, nipples, gland

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
sealing fittings, pull boxes etc as required. The size of the conduit/pipe shall be
selected on the basis of 40% fill criterion.
17.24.2 Contractor shall have his own facility for bending, cutting and threading the
conduits at site. Cold bending should be used. All cuts & threaded ends shall be
made smooth without leaving any sharp edges. Anticorrosive paint shall be
applied at all field threaded portions.
17.24.3 All conduit/pipes shall be extended on both sides of wall/floor openings. The
fabrication and installation of supports and the clamping shall be included in the
scope of work by Contractor.
17.24.4 Installation of optical cables/ special cables:
GI pipe (light grade) of suitable size (minimum 25 mm) along with required
bends, joints etc. shall be used for special cables such as cables for visual
monitoring system (VMS), substation automation system (SAS). Further,
single pipe can be used for laying multiple cables.
17.24.5 All conduits/pipes shall have their ends closed by caps until cables are pulled.
After cables are pulled, the ends of conduits/pipes shall be sealed in an approved
manner to prevent damage to threaded portions and entrance of moisture and
foreign material.
17.24.6 All unarmoured cables shall run within the conduits from lighting panels to
lighting fixtures, receptacles etc.
17.24.7 Size of conduit for lighting shall be selected by the Contractor during detailed
engineering.
17.24.8 Exposed conduits shall be run in straight lines parallel to building columns,
beams and walls. Unnecessary bends and crossings shall be avoided to present
a neat appearance.
17.24.9 Conduit supports shall be provided at an interval of 750mm for horizontal runs
and 1000mm for vertical runs.
17.24.10 Conduit supports shall be clamped on the approved type spacer plates or
brackets by saddles or U- bolts. The spacer plates or brackets in turn, shall be
securely fixed to the building steel by welding and to concrete or brick work by
grouting or by nylon rawl plugs. Wooden plug inserted in the masonary or
concrete for conduit support is not acceptable.
17.24.11 Embedded conduits shall be securely fixed in position to preclude any

movement. In fixing embedded conduit, if welding or brazing is used, extreme
care should be taken to avoid any injury to the inner surface of the conduit.
17.24.12 Spacing of embedded conduits shall be such as to permit flow of concrete

between them.
17.24.13 Where conduits are placed alongwith cable trays, they shall be clamped to
supporting steel at an interval of 600mm.
17.24.14 For directly embedding in soil, the conduits shall be coated with an asphalt-base
compound. Concrete pier or anchor shall be provided wherever necessary to
support the conduit rigidly and to hold it in place.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
17.24.15 Conduit shall be installed in such a way as to ensure against trouble from
trapped condensation.
17.24.16 Conduits shall be kept, wherever possible, at least 300mm away from hot pipes,
heating devices etc. when it is evident that such proximity may reduce the
service life of cables.
17.24.17 Slip joints shall be provided when conduits cross structural expansion joints or
where long run of exposed conduits are installed, so that temperature change will
cause no distortion due to expansion or contraction of conduit run.
17.24.18 For long conduit run, pull boxes shall be provided at suitable intervals to facilitate
wiring.
17.24.19 Conduit shall be securely fastened to junction boxes or cabinets, each with a lock
nut inside and outside the box.
17.24.20 Conduits joints and connections shall be made thoroughly water-tight and rust
proof by application of a thread compound which insulates the joints. White lead
is suitable for application on embedded conduit and red lead for exposed conduit.
17.24.21 Field bends shall have a minimum radius of four (4) times the conduit diameter.
All bends shall be free of kinks, indentations of flattened surfaces. Heat shall not
be applied in making any conduit bend. Separate bends may be used for this
purpose.
17.24.22 The entire metallic conduit system, whether embedded or exposed, shall be
electrically continuous and thoroughly grounded. Where slip joints are used,
suitable bounding shall be provided around the joint to ensure a continuous
ground circuit.
17.24.23 After installation, the conduits shall be thoroughly cleaned by compressed air
before pulling in the wire.
17.24.24 Lighting fixtures shall not be suspended directly from the junction box in the main
conduit run.
17.25 Cable Sealing System
Modular multi-diameter cable sealing system consisting of frames, blocks and

accessories shall be installed where the underground and over ground cables
enter or leave concrete bay kiosks/switchyard panel room & control rooms in the
substations. Cable sealing system shall consist of multi-diameter type peel-able
or adjustable blocks of different sizes to suit the various cables. It should be
simple, easy and quick to assemble & re-assemble the cable sealing system.
Solid blocks shall not be used on frame. Frames & stay-plate material shall be of
galvanized steel and for compression, single piece wedge with galvanized steel
bolts shall be used. 30% spare blocks on the frame shall be provided for
expansion in future. Cable sealing system should have been tested for
fire/water/smoke tightness.
Cable sealing system having earthing strip can alternately be used in place
of cable gland arrangement for indoor panels such as LCC, C&R, PLCC
panels etc.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
18.0 LIGHTING JUNCTION BOX
The Contractor shall supply and install ISI marked junction boxes complete with
terminals as required. The brackets, bolts, nuts, screws etc required for erection
are also included in the scope of the Contractor.
19.0 TESTING AND COMMISSIONING
19.1 All pre/commissioning activities and works work for substation equipment
shall be carried out in accordance with Employer's ''Pre- Commissioning
procedures for Switchyard Equipments (Doc. No. D-2-01-03-01-03)" by the
contractor. This document shall be provided to the successful contractor
during detailed engineering stage. Test results in the prescribed formats
shall be duly filled by the contractor and shall be submitted to the Owner in
soft form (CD or Pen Drive)
The Contractor shall arrange all equipments instruments and auxiliaries required
for testing and commissioning of equipments alongwith calibration certificates.
19.2 GENERAL CHECKS
(a) Check for physical damage.
(b) Visual examination of zinc coating/plating.
(c) Check from name plate that all items are as per order/specification.
(d) Check tightness of all bolts, clamps and connecting terminals using
torque wrenches.
(e) For oil filled equipment, check for oil leakage, if any. Also check oil level
and top up wherever necessary.
(f) Check ground connections for quality of weld and application of zinc rich
paint over weld joint of galvanised surfaces.
(g) Check cleanliness of insulator and bushings.
(h) All checks and tests specified by the manufacturers in their drawings and
manuals as well as all tests specified in the relevant code of erection.
(i) Check for surface finish of grading rings (Corona control ring).
19.3 STATION EARTHING
a) Check soil resistivity
b) Check continuity of grid wires
c) Check earth resistance of the entire grid as well as various sections of the
same.
d) Check for weld joint and application of zinc rich paint on galvanised
surfaces.
e) Dip test on earth conductor prior to use.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
19.4 AAC/ACSR STRINGING WORK, TUBULAR BUS WORK AND POWER

CONNECTORS
a) Physical check for finish
b) Electrical clearance check
c) Testing of torque by torque wrenches on all bus bar power connectors

and other accessories.
d) Millivolt drop test on all power connectors.
e) Sag and tension check on conductors.
19.5 ALUMINIUM TUBE WELDING
a) Physical check
b) Millivolt drop test on all joints.
c) Dye penetration test & Radiography test on 10% sample basis on weld
joints.
c) Test check on 5% sample joints after cutting the weld piece to

observe any voids etc.
19.6 INSULATOR
Visual examination for finish, damage, creepage distance etc.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE “A”
(Testing Procedure for ACSR/AAC Conductor)
1.0 UTS Test on Stranded Conductor
Circles perpendicular to the axis of the conductor shall be marked at two places
on a sample of conductor of minimum 5m length suitably compressed with dead
end clamps at either end. The load shall be increased at a steady rate upto 50%
of minimum specified UTS and held for one minute. The circles drawn shall not
be distorted due to Relative movement of strands. Thereafter the load shall be
increased at a steady rate to 100% of minimum specified UTS and held for one
minute. The conductor sample shall not fail during this period. The applied load
shall then be increased until the failing load is reached and the value recorded.
2.0 Corona Extinction Voltage Test
Two samples of conductor of 5m length shall be strung with a spacing of 450 mm

between them at a height not exceeding 8.0 m above ground. This assembly
shall be tested as per Annexure-C, Corona extinction voltage shall not be less
than 510 kV (rms) & 320 KV (RMS) Line to ground for 765 kV & 400 kV
respectively.
3.0 Radio Interference Voltage Test
Under the conditions as specified under (2.0) above, the conductor samples shall
have radio interference voltage as indicated in the guaranteed technical
particulars enclosed with. This test may be carried out with corona control rings
and arcing horns. The test procedure shall be in accordance with IEC-60437.
4.0 D.C Resistance Test on Stranded Conductor
On a conductor sample of minimum 5 m length two contact clamps shall be fixed

with a pre-determined bolt torque. The resistance shall be measured by a Kelvin
double bridge by placing the clamps initially zero metre and subsequently one
metre apart. The test shall be repeated at least five times and the average value
recorded. The value obtained shall be corrected to the value at 20°C as per
clause no. 12.8 of IS:398 (Part V)-1982. The resistance corrected at 20°C shall
conform to the requirements of this specification.
5.0 Chemical Analysis of Zinc
Samples taken from the zinc ingots shall be chemically/spectrographically

analysed. The same shall be in conformity to the requirements stated in this
specification.
6.0 Chemical Analysis of Aluminium and Steel
Samples taken from the Aluminium ingots/coils/strands shall be chemically/

spectrographically analysed. The same shall be in conformity to the require-
ments stated in this specification.
7.0 Visual Check for Joints, Scratches etc.
Conductor drums shall be rewound in the presence of the inspector. The

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
inspector shall visually check for scratches, joints, etc. and that the conductor
generally conform to the requirements of this specification. The length of
conductor wound on the drum shall be measured with the help of counter meter
during rewinding.
8.0 Dimensional Check for Steel and Aluminium Strands.
The individual strands shall be dimensionally checked to ensure that they

9.0 Check for Lay-ratios of various Layers.
The lay-ratios of various layers shall be checked to ensure that they conform to
the requirements of this Specification.
10.0 Galvanising Test
The test procedure shall be as specified in IEC:60888. The material shall conform
to the requirements of this Specification. The adherence of zinc shall be checked
by wrapping around a mandrel four times the diameter of steel wire.
11.0 Torsion and Elongation Tests on Steel Strands
The test procedures shall be as per clause No. 10.3 of IEC:60888. In torsion test,
the number of complete twists before fracture shall not be less than that indicated
in the GTP. In case test sample length is less or more than 100 times the
stranded diameter of the strand, the minimum number of twists will be
proportioned to the length and if number comes in the fraction then it will be
rounded off to next higher whole number. In elongation test, the elongation of the
strand shall not be less than 4% for a gauge length of 250 mm.
12.0 Procedure Qualification test on welded Aluminium strands
Two Aluminium wires shall be welded as per the approved quality plan and shall
be subjected to tensile load. The breaking strength of the welded joint of the wire
shall not be less than the breaking strength of individual strands.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE “B”
(Testing procedure for Galvanised Steel Earthwire)
1. UTS TEST
Circles perpendicular to the axis of the earthwire shall be marked at two places
on a sample of earthwire of minimum 5m length suitably compressed with dead
end clamps at either end. The load shall be increased at steady rate upto 50% of
UTS and held for one minute. The circles drawn shall not be distorted due to
relative movement of strands. Thereafter, the load shall be increased at a steady
rate to 100% of UTS and held for one minute. The earthwire sample shall not fail
during this period. The applied load shall then be increased until the failing load
is reached and value recorded.
2. D.C. RESISTANCE TEST
On an earthwire sample of minimum 5m length, two contact clamps shall be fixed

with a predetermined Bolt torque. The resistance shall be measured by a Kelvin
double-bridge by placing the clamps initially zero meter and subsequently one
meter apart. The test shall be repeated at least five times and the average value
recorded. The value obtained shall be corrected to the value at 20°C shall
3. Visual check for joints, scratches etc. and length of earthwire
Earthwire drums shall be rewound in the presence of the inspector. The

inspector shall visually check for joints, scratches etc. and see that the earthwire
generally conforms to the requirements of this specification. The length of
earthwire wound on the drum shall be measured with the help of counter meter
during rewinding.
4. TORSION TEST
The minimum number of twists which a single steel strand shall withstand during
torsion test shall be eighteen for a length equal to 100 times the standard
diameter of the strand. In case the test sample length is less or more than 100
times the standard diameter of the strand, the minimum number of twists will be
proportionate to the length and if number comes in the fraction then it will be
rounded off to next higher whole number.
5. DIMENSIONAL CHECK
The individual strands shall be dimensionally checked to ensure that they

6. LAY LENGTH CHECK
The lay length shall be checked to ensure that they conform to the requirements
of this specification.
7. GALVANISING TEST
The test procedure shall as specified in IS:4826-1968. The material shall

conform to the requirements of this specification. The adherence of zinc shall be

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
checked by wrapping around a mandrel four times the diameter of steel wire.
8. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ZINC USED FOR GALVANIZING
Samples taken from zinc ingots shall be chemically/spectrographically analysed.

The same shall be in conformity to the requirements stated in this specification.
9. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF STEEL
Samples taken from steel ingots/coils/strands shall be chemically/

spectrographically analysed. The same shall be in conformity to the requirements
stated in this specification.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-C
CORONA AND RADIO INTERFERENCE VOLTAGE (RIV) TEST
1. General
Unless otherwise stipulated, all equipment together with its associated connectors,
where applicable, shall be tested for external corona both by observing the voltage
level for the extinction of visible corona under falling power frequency voltage and by
measurement of radio interference voltage (RIV).
2. Test Levels:
The test voltage levels for measurement of external RIV and for corona extinction
voltage are listed under the relevant clauses of the specification.
3. Test Methods for RIV:
3.1 RIV tests shall be made according to measuring circuit as per International Special-
Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) Publication 16-1(1993) Part -1. The
measuring circuit shall preferably be tuned to frequency with 10% of 0.5 Mhz but
other frequencies in the range of 0.5 MHz to 2 MHz may be used, the measuring
frequency being recorded. The results shall be in microvolts.
3.2 Alternatively, RIV tests shall be in accordance with NEMA standard Publication No.
107-1964, except otherwise noted herein.
3.3 In measurement of, RIV, temporary additional external corona shielding may be
provided. In measurements of RIV only standard fittings of identical type supplied
with the equipment and a simulation of the connections as used in the actual
installation will be permitted in the vicinity within 3.5 meters of terminals.
3.4 Ambient noise shall be measured before and after each series of tests to ensure
that there is no variation in ambient noise level. If variation is present, the lowest
ambient noise level will form basis for the measurements. RIV levels shall be
measured at increasing and decreasing voltages of 85%, 100% and 110% of the
specified RIV test voltage for all equipment unless otherwise specified. The
specified RIV test voltage for 765kV, 400kV, 220kV is listed in the detailed
specification together with maximum permissible RIV level in microvolts.
3.5 The metering instruments shall be as per CISPR recommendation or equivalent
device so long as it has been used by other testing authorities.
3.6 The RIV measurement may be made with a noise meter. A calibration procedure of
the frequency to which noise meter shall be tuned shall establish the ratio of voltage
at the high voltage terminal to voltage read by noisel meter.
4. Test Methods for Visible Corona [applicable for 400kV and above]
The purpose of this test is to determine the corona extinction voltage of apparatus,
connectors etc. The test shall be carried out in the same manner as RIV test
described above with the exception that RIV measurements are not required during
test and a search technique shall be used near the onset and extinction voltage,
when the test voltage is raised and lowered to determine their precise values. The
test voltage shall be raised to 110% of RIV test voltage and maintained there for five
minutes. In case corona inception does not take place at 110%, test shall be
stopped, otherwise test shall be continued and the voltage will then be decreased
slowly until all visible corona disappears. The procedure shall be repeated at least 4

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
times with corona inception and extinction voltage recorded each time. The corona
extinction voltage for purposes of determining compliance with the specification shall
be the lowest of the four values at which visible corona (negative or positive polarity)
disappears. Photographs with laboratory in complete darkness shall be taken under
test conditions, at all voltage steps i.e. 85%, 100%, and 110%. Additional
photographs shall be taken at corona inception and extinction voltages. At least two
views shall be photographed in each case using Panchromatic film with an ASA
daylight rating of 400 with an exposure of two minutes at a lens aperture of f/5.6 or
equivalent. The photographic process shall be such that prints are available for
inspection and comparison with conditions as determined from direct observation.
Photographs shall be taken from above and below the level of connector so as to
show corona on bushing, insulators and all parts of energised connectors. The
photographs shall be framed such that test object essentially, fills the frame with no
cut-off.
In case corona inception does not take place at 110%, voltage shall not be
increased further and corona extinction voltage shall be considered adequate.
4.1 The test shall be recorded on each photograph. Additional photograph shall be
taken from each camera position with lights on to show the relative position of test
object to facilitate precise corona location from the photographic evidence.
4.2 In addition to photographs of the test object preferably four photographs shall be
taken of the complete test assembly showing relative positions of all the test
equipment and test objects. These four photographs shall be taken from four points
equally spaced around the test arrangement to show its features from all sides.
Drawings of the laboratory and test set up locations shall be provided to indicate
camera positions and angles. The precise location of camera shall be approved by
Purchaser‘s inspector, after determining the best camera locations by trial
energisation of test object at a voltage which results in corona.
4.3 The test to determine the visible corona extinction voltage need not be carried out
simultaneously with test to determine RIV levels.
4.4 However, both test shall be carried out with the same test set up and as little time
duration between tests as possible. No modification on treatment of the sample
between tests will be allowed. Simultaneous RIV and visible corona extinction
voltage testing may be permitted at the discretion of Purchaser‘s inspector if, in his
opinion, it will not prejudice other test.
5. Test Records:
In addition to the information previously mentioned and the requirements specified
as per CISPR or NEMA 107-1964 the following data shall be included in test report:
a) Background noise before and after test.
b) Detailed procedure of application of test voltage.
c) Measurements of RIV levels expressed in micro volts at each level.
d) Results and observations with regard to location and type of interference
sources detected at each step.
e) Test voltage shall be recorded when measured RIV passes through 100
microvolts in each direction.
f) Onset and extinction of visual corona for each of the four tests required shall
be recorded.

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE – D
A. SHORT CIRCUIT FORCES AND SPACER SPAN FOR 765kV GANTRY STRUCTURE
Sl. Max. Span Conductor Ph-Ph Normal SCF per Spacer

No. Configuration Spacing Tension Phase span
I. For Fault Level of 40kA/50 kA for 1 sec.
1. 54.0 mtr QUAD AAC BULL 15 mtr 3.96 T 5.98 T 3.5 mtr
B. SHORT CIRCUIT FORCES AND SPACER SPAN FOR 400kV GANTRY STRUCTURE

I. For Fault Level of 40 kA for 1 sec.
1. 54 mtr QUAD ACSR 7 mtr 4T 5.64 T 6 mtr

2. 70 mtr TWIN ACSR 7 mtr 4T 5.64 T 5 mtr
3. 54 mtr QUAD ACSR 6 mtr 4T 5.10 T 5 mtr
4. 70 mtr TWIN ACSR 6 mtr 4T 5.10 T 5 mtr
5. 48 mtr QUAD ACSR 6 mtr 4T 4.82T 5 mtr
6. 52.5 mtr QUAD ACSR 6 mtr 4T 4.85T 5 mtr
7. 56.5 mtr QUAD ACSR 6 mtr 4T 4.88T 5 mtr
8. 52.5 mtr TWIN ACSR 6 mtr 4T 4.97T 5 mtr
9. 56.5 mtr TWIN ACSR 6 mtr 4T 5.00 T 5 mtr
II. For Fault Level of 50 kA for 1 sec.
1. 48 mtr QUAD AAC BULL 6 mtr 4T 5.10 T 4 mtr

2. 52.5 mtr QUAD ACSR 6 mtr 4T 5.18 T 4 mtr
III. For Fault Level of 63 kA for 1 sec.
1. 48 mtr QUAD AAC BULL 6 mtr 4T 6.00 T 4 mtr


SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE – D
C. SHORT CIRCUIT FORCES AND SPACER SPAN FOR 220 kV GANTRY STRUCTURE

I. For Fault Level of 40 kA for 1 sec.
1. 54 mtr QUAD ACSR 4.5 mtr 4T 5.00 T 2.5 mtr

2. 54 mtr TWIN ACSR 4.5 mtr 2T 3.50 T 2.5 mtr
II. For Fault Level of 50 kA for 1 sec.

NOTE: ACSR conductor as mentioned above indicates that it is suitable for both ACSR
MOOSE as well as ACSR BERSIMIS conductor.
D. SHORT CIRCUIT FORCES AND SPACER SPAN FOR 132 kV GANTRY STRUCTURE

I. For Fault Level of 31.5kA for 1 sec.
1. 36 mtr Twin Moose/ 3 mtr 1T 2.15 T 2.5 mtr

Zebra ACSR
2. 31.5 mtr Twin Moose/ 2.7mtr 1T 2.15 T 2.5 mtr
Zebra ACSR
3. 48 mtr Single Moose/ 3 mtr 1T 2.05 T NA
Zebra ACSR
4. 42 mtr Single Moose/ 2.7 mtr 1T 2.03 T NA
Zebra ACSR

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E
STANDARD TECHNICAL DATA SHEETS FOR AAC/ACSR CONDUCTORS,

GS EARTHWIRE AND ALUMINIUM TUBE
1.0 GENERAL
Employer has stardardised the guaranteed technical particulars for the following
AAC/ACSR conductors, Galvanised steel earthwire and aluminum tube. The
contractor shall supply the conductors as per the standard GTP mentioned below.
Any deviation to the following GTP shall be clearly brought out by the bidder in
their bid.
1.1 Guaranteed Technical Particulars (GTP) for conductors:

A. GTP of AAC BULL and AAC TARANTULA conductor:
Sl. Description Unit AAC BULL AAC
TARANTULA
1.0 Applicable Standard IS:398
2.0 Raw Materials
2.1 Steel Wire / Rods
2.1.1 Aluminium
a) Minimum purity of % 99.50 99.50
Aluminium
b) Maximum copper % 0.04 0.04
content
3.0 Aluminum strands after stranding
3.1 Diameter
a) Nominal mm 4.25 5.23
b) Maximum mm 4.29 5.28

c) Minimum mm 4.21 5.18
3.2 Minimum breaking load of strand
a) Before stranding KN 2.23 3.44
b) After stranding KN 2.12 3.27
c) Maximum D.C. Ohm 3.651 3.627
resistance of strand at /KM
20 deg. Centigrade
3.3 Maximum resistance of Ohm 0.00203 0.001341
1 m length of strand at
20 deg. C
4.0 AAC Conductor
4.1. a) Stranding Al – 61/4.25 mm Al – 37/ 5.23 mm
b) Number of Strands
i. 1st Aluminium Layer Nos. 1 1
ii. 2nd Aluminium Layer Nos. 6 6

C / ENGG / SPEC / ERC REV. NO: 10 (Apr’16)
SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

TARANTULA
iii. 3rd Aluminium Layer Nos. 12 12
iv. 4th Aluminium Layer Nos. 18 18
v. 5th Aluminium Layer Nos. 24 -
4.2 Sectional Area of Sq. 865.36 794.80
aluminium mm
4.3 Total sectional area Sq. 865.36 794.80
mm
4.4 Approximate Weight Kg/m 2.4 2.191
4.5 Diameter of the mm 38.25 36.60
conductor
4.6 UTS of the conductor kN 139 (Min.) 120 (Min.)
4.7 Lay ratio of the mm Max Min Max Min
conductor
a) 6 wire Aluminium layer mm 16 10 16 10
b) 12 wire Aluminium mm 16 10 16 10
layer
c) 18 wire Aluminium mm 16 10 14 10
layer
d) 24 wire Aluminium mm 14 10 - -
layer
4.8 DC resistance of the ohm/ 0.03340 0.03628
conductor at 20°C km
4.9 Standard length of the m 1000 1000
conductor
4.10 Tolerance on Standard % (+/-) 5 (+/-) 5
length
4.11 Direction of lay of Right Hand Right Hand
outer layer
4.12 Linear mass of the conductor
a) Standard kg/ 2400 2192
km
b) Minimum kg/ 2355 2150
km
c) Maximum kg/ 2445 2234
km
4.13 Modulus of Elasticity Kg/sq 4709 (Initial) 4709 (Initial)
.mm 5869 (Final) 5869 (Final)
4.14 Co-efficient of Linear Per 23.0x10-6 23.0x10-6
Expansion Deg.
C
4.15 Minimum Corona KV 508 320
Extinction Voltage (rms)
4.16 RIV at 1 Mhz Micro Less than 1000 Less than 1000 at
volts at 508 kV (rms) 320 kV (rms)
5.0 Drum Dimensions Generally conforms to IS:1778

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

TARANTULA
a) Flange Diameter mm 1855 1855
b) Traverse width mm 925 925
c) Barrel Diameter mm 850 850
d) Flange thickness mm 50x50 50x50
B. GTP of ACSR BERSIMIS and ACSR MOOSE conductor:

Sl. Description Unit ACSR ACSR MOOSE
BERSIMIS
1.0 Applicable Standard IS:398 / IEC - 61089
2.0 Raw Materials
2.1 Aluminium
Aluminium
content
2.2 Steel wires/ rods
a) Carbon % 0.50 to 0.85 0.50 to 0.85
b) Manganese % 0.50 to 1.10 0.50 to 1.10
c) Phosphorous % Not more than Not more than
0.035 0.035
d) Sulphur % Not more than Not more than
0.045 0.045
e) Silicon % 0.10 to 0.35 0.10 to 0.35
(Max.) (Max.)
2.3 Zinc
a) Minimum purity of Zinc % 99.95 99.95
3.1 Diameter

c) Maximum D.C. Ohm/ 1.738 2.921
resistance of strand at KM
20 deg. Centigrade
20 deg. C

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

BERSIMIS
4.0 Steel strand after stranding
4.1 Diameter
4.3 Galvanising
a) Minimum weight of gm 260 260
zinc coating per sq.m.
b) Minimum number of Nos. 2 dips of one 2 dips of one
dips that the minute & 1 dip of minute & 1 dip of
galvanised strand can half minute half minute
withstand in the
standard preece test
c) Min. No. of twists in Nos 16 (After stranding) 16 (After stranding)
guage length equal 18 (Before 18 (Before
100 times the dia. of stranding) stranding)
wire which the strand
can withstand in the
torsion test (after
stranding)
5.0 ACSR Conductor
5.1.a) Stranding Al -42/4.57 mm+ Al -54/3.53 mm+
Steel-7/2.54 mm Steel-7/3.53 mm
i. Steel centre Nos. 1 1
ii. 1st Steel Layer Nos. 6 6
iii. 1st Aluminium Layer Nos. 8 12
iv. 2nd Aluminium Layer Nos. 14 18
v. 3rd Aluminium Layer Nos. 20 24
aluminium mm
mm
5.5 Diameter of the mm 35.05 31.77
conductor
5.6 UTS of the conductor kN 154 (Min.) 161.20 (Min.)
conductor

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

BERSIMIS
a) Outer Steel layer mm 24 16 18 16
b) 8/12 wire Aluminium mm 17 10 14 12

layer
c) 14/ 18 wire Aluminium mm 16 10 13 11
layer
d) 20/24 wire Aluminium mm 13 10 12 10
layer
conductor
length
5.11 Direction of lay of - Right Hand Right Hand
outer layer
km
km
km
5.13 Modulus of Elasticity Kg/sq 6860
(Final State) .mm
Expansion Deg.
C
5.16 RIV at 1 Mhz under Micro Max. 1000 at Max. 1000 at 320
dry condition volts 320 kV (rms) kV (rms)
C. B. GTP of ACSR ZEBRA and ACSR PANTHER conductor:

Sl. Description Unit ACSR ZEBRA ACSR PANTHER
1.0 Applicable Standard IS:398 / IEC-61089
2.0 Raw Materials
2.1 Aluminium
Aluminium

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

content
2.2 Steel wires/ rods
a) Carbon % 0.50 to 0.85 0.50 to 0.85
b) Manganese % 0.50 to 1.10 0.50 to 1.10
c) Phosphorous % Not more than Not more than
0.035 0.035
d) Sulphur % Not more than Not more than
0.045 0.045
e) Silicon % 0.10 to 0.35 0.10 to 0.35
(Max.) (Max.)
2.3 Zinc
a) Minimum purity of Zinc % 99.95 99.95
3.1 Diameter

20 deg. C
4.0 Steel strand after stranding
4.1 Diameter
4.3 Galvanising
a) Minimum weight of gm 260 260
zinc coating per sq.m.
b) Minimum number of Nos. 2 dips of one 2 dips of one
dips that the minute & 1 dip of minute & 1 dip of
galvanised strand can half minute half minute
withstand in the
standard preece test

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

c) Min. No. of twists in Nos 16 (After 16 (After stranding)
guage length equal stranding) 18 (Before
100 times the dia. of 18 (Before stranding)
wire which the strand stranding)
can withstand in the
torsion test (after
stranding)
5.0 ACSR Conductor
5.1.a) Stranding Al -54/3.18 mm+ Al -30/3.00 mm+
Steel-7/3.18 mm Steel-7/3.00 mm
i. Steel centre Nos. 1 1
ii. 1st Steel Layer Nos. 6 6
iii. 1st Aluminium Layer Nos. 12 12
iv. 2nd Aluminium Layer Nos. 18 18
v. 3rd Aluminium Layer Nos. 24 NA
aluminium mm
mm
5.5 Diameter of the Mm 28.62 21.00
conductor
5.6 UTS of the conductor kN 130.32 (Min.) 89.67 (Min.)
conductor
a) Outer Steel layer mm 28 13 28 16
b) 12 wire Aluminium mm 17 10 16 10
layer
c) 18 wire Aluminium mm 16 10 14 10
layer
d) 24 wire Aluminium mm 14 10 NA
layer NA
conductor
length
5.11 Direction of lay of Right Hand Right Hand
outer layer
km

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E

km
km
5.13 Modulus of Elasticity Kg/sq 8158
.mm
Expansion Deg.
C
5.16 RIV at 1 Mhz Micro Less than 1000 Less than 500
volts at 154 kV (rms) at 92 kV (rms)
1.2 Guaranteed technical particulars of Galvanised Steel Earthwire

Description Sl. no. Unit Standard Values
1.0 Raw Materials
1.1 Steel wires / rods
a) Carbon % Not more than 0.55
b) Manganese % 0.40 to 0.90
c) Phosphorous % Not more than 0.04
d) Sulphur % Not more than 0.04
e) Silicon % 0.15 to 0.35
1.2 Zinc
a) Minimum purity of Zinc % 99.95
2.0 Steel strands
2.1 Diameter
a) Nominal mm 3.66
b) Maximum mm 3.74
c) Minimum mm 3.58
2.2. Minimum breaking load of strand
a) After stranding KN 10.58
2.3 Galvanising
a) Minimum weight of zinc coating gms. 275
per sq.m. after stranding
b) Minimum number of dips that the Nos. 3 dips of 1 minute and
galvanized strand can withstand

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E
in the standard preece test one dip of ½ minute

c) Minimum number of twists in a Nos. 18
gauge length equal to 100 times
diameter of wire which the
strand can withstand in the
torsion test, after stranding
3.0 Stranded Earth wire
3.1 UTS of Earth wire KN 68.4 (min.)
3.2 Lay length of outer steel layer
a) Standard mm 181
b) Maximum mm 198
c) Minimum mm 165
3.3 Maximum DC resistance of Ohm/km 3.375
earth wire at 200 C
3.4 Standard length of earth wire M 2000 or actual quantity
whichever is less.
3.5 Tolerance on standard length % ±5
3.6 Direction of lay for outside Right hand
layer
3.7 Linear mass
a) Standard Kg/km 583
b) Maximum Kg/km 552
c) Minimum Kg/km 600
3.8 Overall diameter mm 10.98
1.3 Guaranteed Technical Parameters of Aluminum Tube

A. GTP for 3” IPS & 4” IPS AL. TUBE
Sl. No. Description 3” AL. TUBE 4” AL. TUBE

1. Size 3" IPS (EH Type) 4" IPS (EH Type)
2. Material Aluminium Alloy 6101 T6 confirms to
63401 WP (range 2) of IS 5082 : 1998
3. Chemical Composition
i) Cu 0.05 Max
ii) Mg 0.4 to 0.9
iii) Si 0.3 to 0.7
iv) Fe 0.5 Max
v) Mn 0.03 Max
Vi) Al Remainder
4. Outer diameter 88.90 mm 114.2 mm
5. Tolerance on outer +2.2 mm, - 0.0 mm +2.2 mm, - 0.0 mm
diameter
6. Thickness 7.62 mm 8.51 mm
7. Tolerance on thickness +2.2 mm, - 0.0 mm +2.2 mm, - 0.0 mm
8. Cross-sectional area 1945.76 sq.mm 2825.61 sq.mm
9. Weight 5.25 kg/m 7.7 kg/m
10. Moment of Inertia 1621589.99 mm4 3972577.97 mm4
11. Section Modulus 36481.21 mm3 69572.29 mm3

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E
12. Minimum Ultimate Tensile 20.5 Kg/sq.mm

Strength
13. Temperature co-efficient of 0.00364 per Deg.C
resistance
14. Minimum Electrical 55% of IACS
Conductivity at 20 deg.C
15. Linear Temperature Co- 0.000023
efficient of Expansion (20
Deg.C -200 Deg.C)
16. Modulus of Elasticity 6700 Kg/sq.mm
17. Minimum Elongation on 50 10%
mm
18. Thermal Conductivity at 100 0.43 Calories/sec/sq.mm/cm/deg.C
Deg.C
19. Minimum 0.2% proof stress 17.34 Kg/sq.mm
20 Minimum Yield point 17.50 Kg/sq.mm 17.50 Kg/sq.mm
21 Minimum Breaking Strength 20.42 Kg/sq.mm 20.42 Kg/sq.mm
B. GTP for 4.5” IPS & 5” IPS AL. TUBE
Sl. No. Description 4.5” AL. TUBE 5” AL. TUBE

1. Size 4.5" IPS (EH Type) 5" IPS
2. Material Aluminium Alloy 6101 T6 confirms to
63401 WP (range 2) of IS 5082 : 1998
3. Chemical Composition
i) Cu 0.05 Max
ii) Mg 0.4 to 0.9
iii) Si 0.3 to 0.7
iv) Fe 0.5 Max
v) Mn 0.03 Max
Vi) Al Remainder
4. Outer diameter 120.0 mm 141.3 mm
5. Tolerance on outer +1.5 mm, +2.8 mm,
diameter - 0.0 mm - 0.0 mm
6. Thickness 12.0 mm 9.53 mm
7. Tolerance on thickness +1.0 mm, +0.8 mm,
- 0.0 mm - 0.0 mm
8. Cross-sectional area 4071.50 sq.mm 3945.11 sq.mm
9. Weight 10.993 kg/m 10.652 kg/m
10. Moment of Inertia 6011958.58 mm4 8610787.65 mm4
3
11. Section Modulus 100199.31 mm 121879.51 mm3
12. Minimum Ultimate Tensile 20.5 Kg/sq.mm
Strength
13. Temperature co-efficient of 0.00364 per Deg.C
resistance
14. Minimum Electrical 55% of IACS
Conductivity at 20 deg.C
15. Linear Temperature Co- 0.000023
efficient of Expansion (20
Deg.C -200 Deg.C)
16. Modulus of Elasticity 6700 Kg/sq.mm
17. Minimum Elongation on 50 10%

SECTION - (SE)
SWITCHYARD ERECTION
ANNEXURE-E
mm
18. Thermal Conductivity at 100 0.43 Calories/sec/sq.mm/cm/deg.C
Deg.C
19. Minimum 0.2% proof stress 17.34 Kg/sq.mm
20 Minimum Yield point 14.50 Kg/sq.mm 17.50 Kg/sq.mm
21 Minimum Breaking Strength 17.50 Kg/sq.mm 20.42 Kg/sq.mm

800 mm
450 mm
2 mm thick MS Plate
1000 mm
40 mm dia pipe
GROUND LEVEL
600 mm
NOTE : DIMENSIONS ARE INDICATIVE ONLY.

IT MAY VARY AS PER SITE REQUIREMENT.
( A Government of India Enterprise )
18/02/2008 Drawing No.: Rev.

C/ENG/STD/BAY NAME PLATE 00
CKD BY PRPD BY Date

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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

पावर ग्रिड कापोरे शन आफ इन्डडया लऱलिटे ड

Document No.: C/ENGG/SPEC/SE (Rev.10) April 2016

SECTION- SWITCHYARD ERECTION

Clause No Particulars Page No.

This section covers erection of all equipment such as circuit breakers,

- String insulators and hardware

- AAC / ACSR conductor

- Galvanised Steel Earthwire

- Bus post insulators

- Earthing & Earthing materials

- Lightning protection materials

2.0 String Insulators & Hardware

A. Tension Insulator String

Sl. No. System Voltage Type

B. Suspension Insulator String

Sl. No. System Voltage Type

Technical Specification, Section : SE Page - 1 of 58

2.1 Construction Features (Porcelain & Glass Insulators)

2.1.1 Porcelain insulators

b) Porcelain used in insulator manufacturing shall be homogeneous, free from

2.1.2 Glass insulators

2.1.3 Hardware Fittings

Technical Specification, Section : SE Page - 2 of 58

2.1.3.5 All hardware shall be bolted type.

The sample assembly when subjected to power frequency voltage shall

f) RIV Test (Dry) [220kV and above class only]

Technical Specification, Section : SE Page - 3 of 58

The complete insulator string alongwith its hardware fitting excluding

2.2.2 Type Tests on String Insulator Units

2.2.3 Acceptance Tests for Insulators:

a) Visual examination as per IEC-60383/ IEC-61109 clause no. 7.2 (for

b) Verification of Dimensions as per IEC- 60383.

c) Temperature cycle test as per IEC- 60383.

d) Puncture Test as per IEC-60383 (Applicable only for porcelain insulators).

e) Galvanizing Test as per IEC- 60383.

f) Mechanical performance test as per IEC-60575 Cl. 4 / IEC-61109 clause

i) Thermal shock test as per IEC-60383 (Applicable only for glass

2.2.4 Acceptance Test on Hardware Fitting

a) Visual Examination as per Cl. 5.10 of IS: 2486 (Part-I).

b) Verification of Dimensions as per Cl. 5.8 of IS:2486 (Part-I)

c) Galvanising/Electroplating tests as per Cl. 5.9 of IS:2486 (Part-I).

d) Slip strength test as per Cl 5.4 of IS-2486 (part-I)

e) Shore hardness test by the Elastometer

Technical Specification, Section : SE Page - 4 of 58

f) Mechanical strength test for each component (including corona control

2.2.5 Routine Test on Insulator

a) Visual Inspection as per IEC-60383

b) Mechanical Routine Test as per IEC-60383

c) Electrical Routine Test as per IEC-60383

2.2.6 Routine Test on hardware Fittings

a) Visual examination as per Cl 5.10 of IS:2486 (Part-I)

b) Mechanical strength Test as per Cl. 5.11 of IS:2486 (Part-I)

2.2.7 Test during manufacture on all Components as applicable on insulator

b) Chemical Analysis, mechanical hardness tests and magnetic particle

The chemical analysis, hardness tests and magnetic particle inspection

2.2.8 Test during manufacture on all components as applicable on hardware

a) Chemical analysis of zinc used for galvanising:

b) Chemical analysis, hardness tests and magnetic particle for Forgings/