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    Fractions (Discussion)

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    Jennifer Arcadio
    The document discusses how to perform calculations with fractions, including: 1) Adding fractions involves adding the numerators and keeping the same denominator for similar fractions, or finding the least common denominator and converting fractions to equivalent fractions with the LCD for dissimilar fractions. 2) Multiplying fractions involves multiplying the numerators and multiplying the denominators. 3) Dividing fractions involves taking the reciprocal of the divisor fraction and then multiplying. 4) Subtracting fractions uses the same process as adding fractions, finding equivalent fractions with a common denominator first if necessary.

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    Fractions (Discussion)

    Uploaded by

    Jennifer Arcadio
    132 views7 pages
    The document discusses how to perform calculations with fractions, including: 1) Adding fractions involves adding the numerators and keeping the same denominator for similar fractions, or finding the least common denominator and converting fractions to equivalent fractions with the LCD for dissimilar fractions. 2) Multiplying fractions involves multiplying the numerators and multiplying the denominators. 3) Dividing fractions involves taking the reciprocal of the divisor fraction and then multiplying. 4) Subtracting fractions uses the same process as adding fractions, finding equivalent fractions with a common denominator first if necessary.

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    Fractions (discussion)

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    The document discusses how to perform calculations with fractions, including: 1) Adding fractions involves adding the numerators and keeping the same denominator for similar fractions, or finding the least common denominator and converting fractions to equivalent fractions with the LCD for dissimilar fractions. 2) Multiplying fractions involves multiplying the numerators and multiplying the denominators. 3) Dividing fractions involves taking the reciprocal of the divisor fraction and then multiplying. 4) Subtracting fractions uses the same process as adding fractions, finding equivalent fractions with a common denominator first if necessary.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    132 views7 pages

    Fractions (Discussion)

    Uploaded by

    Jennifer Arcadio
    The document discusses how to perform calculations with fractions, including: 1) Adding fractions involves adding the numerators and keeping the same denominator for similar fractions, or finding the least common denominator and converting fractions to equivalent fractions with the LCD for dissimilar fractions. 2) Multiplying fractions involves multiplying the numerators and multiplying the denominators. 3) Dividing fractions involves taking the reciprocal of the divisor fraction and then multiplying. 4) Subtracting fractions uses the same process as adding fractions, finding equivalent fractions with a common denominator first if necessary.

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    FRACTIONS

    How to Add Fractions


    Fractions whose denominators are the same are called similar fractions. Fractions that are not similar are called dissimilar fractions.
    Hence, the fractions , , and are similar fractions, while the fractions and are dissimilar fractions. In this post, we are going to learn
    how to add fractions.
    How to Add Similar Fractions

    Adding similar fractions is very easy. In adding similar fractions, you just add the numerator and copy the denominator. Here are a
    few examples.

    Example 1

    Example 2

    Example 3

    In most cases, improper fractions or fractions whose denominator is less than its numerator such as the third example is converted to
    mixed form. The mixed form of is . We will discuss how to make such conversion in the near future.

    How to Add Dissimilar Fractions


    Addition of dissimilar fractions is a bit more complicated than adding similar fractions. In adding dissimilar fractions, you must determine
    the least common multiple (LCM) of their denominator which is known as the least common denominator. Next, you have to convert
    all the addends to equivalent fractions whose denominator is the LCM. Having the same denominator means that the fractions are
    already similar. Here are a few examples.
    Example 1

    Solution
    a. Get the least common multiple (LCM) of 2 and 3.
    Multiples of 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12
    Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15
    LCM of 2 and 3 is 6.
    b. Convert the fractions into fractions whose denominator is the LCM which is 6.

    First Addend:

    So, the equivalent of is .

    Second Addend:

    So, the equivalent fraction of is .


    c. Add the equivalent fractions

    So, .

    Example 2

    Solution
    a. Get the LCM of 3 and 5.
    Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18
    Multiples of 5: 5, 10, 15, 20
    Therefore, the LCM of 3 and 5 is 15.
    b. Convert the given fractions into equivalent fractions whose denominator is 15.

    First Addend:

    So, the equivalent fraction of is .

    Second Addend:

    So, the equivalent fraction of is .

    c. Add the equivalent fractions

    So,

    Example 3

    Solution
    a. Get the LCM of 3, 6 and 8.
    Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24
    Multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30
    Multiples of 8: 8, 16, 24, 32, 40

    LCM of 3, 6 and 8 is 24.

    b. Convert the given fractions into equivalent fractions whose denominator is 24.

    First Addend:
    .

    Therefore, the equivalent fraction of is

    Second Addend:

    Therefore, the equivalent fraction of is

    Third Addend:

    Therefore, the equivalent fraction of is .

    c. Add the equivalent fractions

    In the next post, we will have more examples and exercises regarding addition of similar and dissimilar fractions. I will also give you
    some tips in getting the least common multiple of two or more numbers without listing.

    How to Multiply Fractions


    Among the four fundamental operations on fractions, multiplication is the easiest. It is just simple. Multiply the numerator and then the
    denominator. Of course, if the given fractions can be converted to lowest terms, the easier the multiplication will be.
    In this post, we are going to learn how to multiply fractions. You must master this operation, as well as other fundamental operations
    on fractions because you will use them in higher mathematics and solving word problems. Below are some examples.

    Example 1

    Solution

    Answer: .

    Example 2

    Solution

    We reduce the fraction to lowest term by dividing both the numerator and the denominator by 2. This results to $latex which is the
    final answer.
    Answer:

    Example 3

    Solution

    First, we reduce by dividing both the numerator and the denominator by 3. This results to . We now multiply:

    Answer: .

    Example 4

    Solution

    In this example, we need to convert the mixed fraction into improper fraction. To do this, we multiply the denominator of the mixed
    fraction to the whole number and the product to the denominator. That is

    Now, let us multiply the two fractions.

    Answer:

    How to Divide Fractions


    We have already discussed addition and multiplication of fractions and what we have left are subtraction and division. In this post, we
    learn how to divide fractions.
    To divide fractions, we must get the reciprocal of the divisor. This is just the same as swapping the numerator and the denominator.
    For example, the reciprocal of is . After getting the reciprocal, just multiply the fractions.

    Example 1

    Solution

    First, we get the reciprocal of , the divisor. This is . Then, we multiply the fractions.

    Answer:
    Example 2

    Solution

    First, we get the reciprocal of which is . Multiplying the fractions, we have

    We reduce the answer to lowest terms by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 5 resulting to .

    Answer:

    Example 3

    Solution
    In dividing fractions, the dividend and the divisor must not be mixed fractions. Therefore, we need to convert the mixed fraction to
    improper fraction. To do this, we multiply by and then add . The result becomes the numerator of the mixed fraction. So, the the
    equivalent of is .

    Multiplying the fractions, we have

    We can convert the improper fraction to mixed form which is equal to

    Answer:

    Example 4

    Solution

    If the divisor is a whole number, the reciprocal will be 1 “over” that number. In the given, the reciprocal of is . After getting the
    reciprocal of the divisor, we multiply the two fractions:

    Answer:

    How to Subtract Fractions


    We have already learned the three operations on fractions namely addition, multiplication, and division. In this post, we are going to
    learn the last elementary operation: subtraction. If you have mastered addition of fractions, this will not be a problem for you because
    the process is just the same. Let’s subtract fractions!

    Example 1: .

    Solution
    The given is a similar fraction (fraction whose denominators are the same), so just like in addition, we just perform the operation on the
    numerators. Therefore, we just have to subtract the numerator and copy the denominator. That is,

    We reduce to lowest term by dividing both the numerator and denominator of by . This results to which is the final answer.

    Example 2: .
    Solution
    The two fractions are dissimilar, so we must find their least common denominator. To do this, we find the least common
    multiple of and . The common multiples of 2 are

    and so on

    and the common multiples of are

    and so on.

    As we can see from the lists above, is the least common multiple of and .

    We now change the denominator of both fractions to .

    First, we find the equivalent fraction of . That is,

    To find the value of , divide by and then multiply to . The result is which becomes the numerator of the equivalent fraction.
    So, the equivalent fraction of is . If you are confused with this process, please read How to Add Fractions.

    Now, we get the equivalent fraction of or we find the value of in . We divide by and then multiply it by , which gives
    us . So, the equivalent fraction of is .

    We now subtract the fractions.

    The final answer is .

    Example 3:
    Solution

    First, we convert to improper fraction. That is,


    .

    to get

    The least common multiple of and is (try listing as in example 2).

    Now, to get the equivalent fraction, we have . Now, . This means, the equivalent fraction

    We also convert to which is equal to .

    Now, we subtract the fractions.

    Converting the answer which is an improper fraction to mixed number, we have

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