"The Research, Risks and Rewards": Multilevel Marketing

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Multilevel Marketing:

“The Research, Risks


and Rewards”
An Executive Summary
Presented by AARP Foundation
Background
At AARP Foundation (AARPF), our mission is to serve vulnerable older adults by creating and
advancing effective solutions that help them secure the essentials. Every day, we work
to tackle senior poverty by sparking bold, innovative solutions that help vulnerable older
adults build economic opportunity and social connectedness.

After the Great Recession, we noticed a number of our constituents joining multilevel
(MLM) companies in an effort to generate additional, or primary, income. More often than not,
most did not achieve what these companies had promoted as income or benefits. Following our
mission, we decided to conduct a study about multilevel marketing to gain a better understanding
about the mindsets, experiences and expectations of Americans that participate in multilevel
programs. The information would better inform us on how to educate consumers about the
potential advantages and pitfalls of MLM participation.

What we learned is nearly eight percent (7.7%) of American adults and older have
participated in at least one MLM during their lifetime. A majority (91%) joined to make
money; however, nearly half (47%) reported they lost money. Our findings indicate
there’s a disconnect between what MLM companies promise and what people actually
make. The following executive summary shares key findings from the report. Visit
aarp.org/MLMaware for tools and tips to identify whether multilevel marketing is right for you.

Research Methodology
AARPF commissioned GfK to conduct qualitative and quantitative research to understand
the demographics, psychographics and behaviors of adult Americans who have
participated in at least one multilevel marketing organization during their lifetime.
The study used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Four focus groups
were conducted, including men and women who worked as MLM direct
sellers either presently or within the past 7 years. Analysis of focus groups
transcripts informed the development of an online survey that was
administered to more than 1000 participants. The survey included
1,016 respondents, encompassing 601 Americans who were direct
sellers for an MLM organization sometime in the past and 415
who never participated in an MLM before. Here at AARPF,
we want Americans to have a better understanding
of all aspects of MLM. Before joining any MLM’s we
want you to do your research, find your why and
get comfortable selling products.
60 %
Nearly

21Americans
million are women
72%
are married or living with
a partner

55%
worked as a paid
employee while participating
76 %
had no experience in
commission-based sales
in MLMs
Why People Join
Multilevel Marketing
Companies?

63 %
joined to make money
by selling the product
or service to others

23 %
wanted to make money by
recruiting others to sell
Is Multilevel
Marketing Profitable?

47%
lost
money

27 %
made no money

26
The remaining However, among

%
those who made a
profit, more than half

On average, reported that they made a profit made less than

approximately Less than $5,000

7 % 1 % un
d

3%
Aro

of MLM participants reported profits of

100k
made over

10,000
made between

or more 10-24.9k
Why People Leave
Multilevel Marketing
Companies?

13 3
13.3
During an average week, participants reported
that they work an average of 13.3 hours
Would MLMers
Do It Again?

65
Around two-thirds

%
of participants said they would
not join the same MLM again

27
More than a quarter

%
stated the MLM compensation plan was
somewhat or very unfair
www.aarp.org/MLMaware

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