Airport Planning Manual: APM-2259 28 JUNE 2005

EMBRAER S.A - P.O.
BOX 8050
12227-901 SAO JOSE DOS CAMPOS - S.P.
BRAZIL
PHONE: + + 55 12 3927-7517
FAX: + + 55 12 3927-7546
http://www.embraer.com
e-mail: [email protected]
AIRPORT PLANNING
MANUAL
In connection with the use of this document, Embraer does not provide any express or implied warranties and
expressly disclaims any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
This document contains trade secrets, confidential, proprietary information of Embraer and technical data
subject to U.S. Export Administration Regulation (″EAR″) and other countries export control laws and
regulations. Diversion contrary to the EAR and other laws regulations is strictly forbidden. The above
restrictions may apply to data on all pages of this document.
APM-2259
28 JUNE 2005
REVISION 13 - 25 MAY 2018
Copyright © 2018 by EMBRAER S.A. All rights reserved.

EMBRAER S.A.
AV. BRIGADEIRO FARIA LIMA, 2.170 - CAIXA POSTAL 8050 - TELEFONE (55) 12 39277517
FAX (55) 12 39277546 - CEP 12.227-901 - SÃO JOSÉ DOS CAMPOS - SÃO PAULO - BRASIL
e-mail: [email protected] - http://www.embraer.com
TO: HOLDERS OF PUBLICATION No. APM-2259 - ″AIRPORT PLANNING MANUAL″.
FRONT MATTER - REVISION No. 13 DATED MAY 25/2018
Pages which have been added, revised, or deleted by the current revision are indicated by an asterisk,
on the List of Effective Pages.
This issue incorporates all preceding Temporary Revisions (if any).
Modifications introduced by this revision are all editorial in nature, with no technical implications, they
not being therefore highlighted and no substantiation source being presented herein.
HIGHLIGHTS Page 1 of 2
May 25/18
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RECORD OF REVISIONS
The user must update the Record of Revisions when a revision is put into the manual.
REV ISSUE DATE REV ISSUE DATE
BY BY
No. DATE INSERTED No. DATE INSERTED
RETAIN THIS RECORD IN THE FRONT OF MANUAL OR CHAPTER.

ON RECEIPT OF REVISIONS, INSERT REVISED PAGES IN THE MANUAL, AND ENTER REVISION NUMBER, DATE
INSERTED AND INITIALS.
w-apm2259
AIRPORT
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RECORD OF TEMPORARY REVISIONS
Temporary Page Issued Date

By By
Rev. No. Number Date Removed
w-apm2259
AIRPORT
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TEMPORARY REVISION STATUS REPORT
This list is intended to show the operator which temporary revisions are applicable to his fleet.
The list consists of the temporary revision number, the related issue date, the incorporation date, and
the affected subject.
S* INDICATES TR HAS BEEN SUPERSEDED BY THE TR REFERRED TO.
EFFECTIVITY: ALL TR STATUS REPORT

w-apm2259
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Oct 22/07
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LIST OF SERVICE BULLETINS

This list is intended to let the operator know which Service Bulletins are incorporated to the APM.
The list consists of the Service Bulletin numbers and the respective revisions (if applicable), the affected
section (s) (APM Section Number), information on whether the Service Bulletin affects the manual, the
aircraft (Effectivity) affected by the Service Bulletins and the incorporation date.
A revision bar is placed on the left margin of the list whenever data are inserted or revised.
NOTE: The effectivity is indicated by means of two numerical groups separated by a dash. The first
group presented in the effectivity column corresponds to the last digits of the lowest aircraft
designation number to indicate the beginning of the effectivity, and the second group corre-
sponds to the last digits of the highest aircraft designation number to indicate the end of the
effectivity.
SERVICE BULLETIN APM SECTION INCORPORATION

EFFECTIVITY
NUMBER NUMBER DATE
170:00171-00171,
00176-00176, 00181-
00181, 00186-00188,
00192-00192, 00195-
00195, 00197-00198,
00201-00201, 00203-
00203, 00205-00205,
SB 170-00-0016/01 07-2 Oct 09/2015 00207-00207, 00209-
00210, 00213-00214,
00218-00219, 00221-
00222, 00225-00226,
00229-00229, 00233-
00233, 00235-00240,
00242-00270, 00273-
00273
170:00376-00390,
SB 170-57-0058/00 02-2 Oct 07/2014
00392-00393
170:00376-00390,
SB 170-57-0058/00 04-2 Oct 07/2014
00392-00393
170:00376-00388,
SB 170-57-0058/02 02-2 May 25/2018
00392-00393
170:00376-00388,
SB 170-57-0058/02 04-2 May 25/2018
00392-00393
LIST OF SERVICE BULLETINS

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Title 3-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12

BLOCK 3-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
PAGE REVISION 3-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
TRList 3-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 22/07 3-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
2 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 22/07 3-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
SBList 3-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
* 1 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
2 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06 3-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
List of Effective Pages 3-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
* 1 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 3-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
* 2 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 3-14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
Table of Contents 3-15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14
* 1 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 3-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07 3-17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
List of Tables 3-18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 3-19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
2 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05 3-20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
List of Figures Section 4
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 4-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/08
* 2 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-2 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 3 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-3 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
4 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06 * 4-4 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
Section 1 * 4-5 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
1-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06 4-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/13
1-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11 * 4-7 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 1-3 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-8 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
1-4 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05 * 4-9 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
Section 2 * 4-10 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 2-1 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-11 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 2-2 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-12 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 2-3 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-13 (add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 2-4 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-14 (add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 2-5 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18 * 4-15 (add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
2-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 * 4-16 Blank (add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
2-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 Section 5
2-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
2-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
2-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
2-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 09/15 5-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
2-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
2-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
2-14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
2-15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 5-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
2-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/14 * 5-9 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
Section 3 5-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11
3-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06 5-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11
3-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06 5-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11
Pages revised or added by the current revision are indicated by an asterisk (*). Pages deleted by the current
revision are indicated by * (del). Pages deleted by the previous revision are indicated by (del).
EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

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5-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11 9-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05

5-14 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11 9-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
Section 6
6-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
6-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
6-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
6-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
6-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
6-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
6-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
6-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
6-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 11/07
6-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/10
6-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/10
6-12 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 07/10
Section 7
7-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 29/06
7-15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
7-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
7-17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12
* 7-18 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 7-19 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 7-20 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 7-21 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 7-22 (rev) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 7-23 (add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
* 7-24 Blank (add) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May 25/18
Section 8
8-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
8-2 Blank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
Section 9
9-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
9-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
9-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
9-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05
Pages revised or added by the current revision are indicated by an asterisk (*). Pages deleted by the current
revision are indicated by * (del). Pages deleted by the previous revision are indicated by (del).
EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 - SCOPE
1. Scope .............................................................................................................................. 1-1

1.1. Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3. Abbreviations .................................................................................................................. 1-2
SECTION 2 - AIRCRAFT DESCRIPTION
2. Aircraft Description .......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1. Aircraft Characteristics .................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2. General Aircraft Dimensions ............................................................................................ 2-3
2.3. Ground Clearances ......................................................................................................... 2-6
2.4. Interior Arrangement ........................................................................................................ 2-10
2.5. Passenger Cabin Cross Section ..................................................................................... 2-13
2.6. Lower Compartment Containers ...................................................................................... 2-15
2.7. Door Clearances ............................................................................................................. 2-16
SECTION 3 - AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE
3. Aircraft Performance ....................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1. General Information ......................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2. Payload X Range ............................................................................................................ 3-2
3.3. Takeoff Field Lengths ...................................................................................................... 3-7
3.4. Landing Field Lengths ..................................................................................................... 3-16
SECTION 4 - GROUND MANEUVERING
4. Ground Maneuvering ....................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2. Turning Radii ................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3. Minimum Turning Radii ................................................................................................... 4-4
4.4. Visibility From Cockpit ..................................................................................................... 4-6
4.5. Runway and Taxiway Dimensions ................................................................................... 4-7
4.6. Runway Holding Bay ....................................................................................................... 4-14
SECTION 5 - TERMINAL SERVICING
5. Terminal Servicing ........................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1. Aircraft Servicing Arrangement ........................................................................................ 5-2
5.2. Terminal Operations - Turnaround Station ....................................................................... 5-4
5.3. Terminal Operations - En Route Station .......................................................................... 5-6
5.4. Ground Servicing Connections ........................................................................................ 5-7
5.5. Engine Starting Pneumatic Requirements ....................................................................... 5-9
5.6. Ground Pneumatic Power Requirements ........................................................................ 5-10
5.7. Preconditioned Airflow Requirements .............................................................................. 5-11
5.8. Ground Towing Requirements ......................................................................................... 5-13
EFFECTIVITY: ALL TABLE OF CONTENTS

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SECTION 6 - OPERATING CONDITIONS
6. Operating Conditions ....................................................................................................... 6-1

6.1. Engine Exhaust Velocities and Temperatures .................................................................. 6-2
6.2. Airport and Community Noise ......................................................................................... 6-8
6.3. Hazard Areas .................................................................................................................. 6-9
SECTION 7 - PAVEMENT DATA
7. Pavement Data ............................................................................................................... 7-1

7.2. Footprint .......................................................................................................................... 7-2
7.3. Maximum Pavement Loads ............................................................................................. 7-3
7.4. Landing Gear Loading on Pavement ............................................................................... 7-4
7.5. Flexible Pavement Requirements, U.S. Corps of Engineers Design Method .................. 7-5
7.6. Flexible Pavement Requirements, LCN Method .............................................................. 7-7
7.7. Rigid Pavement Requirements, Portland Cement Association Design Method ............... 7-9
7.8. Rigid Pavement Requirements, LCN Method .................................................................. 7-11
7.9. ACN - PCN System - Flexible and Rigid Pavements ...................................................... 7-15
SECTION 8 - POSSIBLE EMBRAER 175 DERIVATIVE AIRCRAFT
8. Possible EMBRAER 175 Derivative Aircraft .................................................................... 8-1

8.1. Not Applicable ................................................................................................................. 8-1
SECTION 9 - SCALED DRAWINGS
9. Scaled Drawings ............................................................................................................. 9-1

9.1. General ........................................................................................................................... 9-1
EFFECTIVITY: ALL TABLE OF CONTENTS

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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE SECTION PAGE
1.1 APM Arrangement .................................................................................. 01 1
2.1 Aircraft General Characteristics ............................................................. 02 2
2.2 Ground Clearance - STD Aircraft Model ................................................ 02 7
2.3 Ground Clearance - LR Aircraft Model................................................... 02 8
2.4 Ground Clearance - AR Aircraft Model .................................................. 02 9
2.5 Capacity of the Cargo Compartment ..................................................... 02 12
3.1 ISA .......................................................................................................... 03 1
4.1 Reference Codes.................................................................................... 04 7
7.1 Pavement Evaluation.............................................................................. 07 15
EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF TABLES

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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE SHEET SECTION PAGE
2.1 General Aircraft Dimensions ................................................. 02 4
2.2 General Aircraft Dimensions ................................................. 02 5
2.3 Ground Clearances ............................................................... 02 6
2.4 Typical Interior Arrangements ............................................... 02 11
2.5 Economy Class Passenger Cabin Cross-Section................. 02 13
2.6 First Class Passenger Cabin Cross-Section......................... 02 14
2.7 Door Dimensions................................................................... 02 16
3.1 Payload x Range - ISA Conditions ....................................... 03 3
3.2 Payload x Range - ISA + 10 °C Conditions ......................... 03 4
3.3 Payload x Range - ISA Conditions ....................................... 03 5
3.4 Payload x Range - ISA + 10 °C Conditions ......................... 03 6
3.5 Takeoff Field Lengths - ISA Conditions ................................ 03 8
3.6 Takeoff Field Lengths - ISA + 15 °C Conditions................... 03 9
3.13 Landing Field Lengths - Flaps 5 ........................................... 03 17
3.14 Landing Field Lengths - Flaps Full ....................................... 03 18
3.15 Landing Field Lengths - Flaps 5 ........................................... 03 19
3.16 Landing Field Lengths - Flaps Full ....................................... 03 20
4.1 Turning Radii - No Slip Angle ............................................... 04 2
4.2 Turning Radii - No Slip Angle ............................................... 04 3
4.3 Minimum Turning Radius ...................................................... 04 4
4.4 Minimum Turning Radius ...................................................... 04 5
4.5 Visibility from Cockpit in Static Position................................ 04 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF FIGURES

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4.6 More than 90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway ............................ 04 9
4.7 More than 90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway ............................ 04 10
4.8 90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway .............................................. 04 11
4.9 90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway .............................................. 04 12
4.10 90° Turn - Taxiway to Taxiway .............................................. 04 13
4.11 Runway Holding Bay............................................................. 04 14
4.12 Runway Holding Bay............................................................. 04 15
5.1 Aircraft Servicing Arrangement With Passenger Stairs ........ 05 2
5.2 Aircraft Servicing Arrangement With Passenger Bridge ....... 05 3
5.3 Air Terminal Operation - Turnaround Station ........................ 05 5
5.4 Ground Servicing Connections ............................................. 05 7
5.5 Ground Servicing Connections ............................................. 05 8
5.6 Engine Starting Pneumatic Requirements ............................ 05 9
5.7 Ground Pneumatic Power Requirements ............................. 05 10
5.8 Preconditioned Airflow Requirements ................................... 05 12
5.9 Ground Towing Requirements............................................... 05 13
6.1 Jet Wake Velocity Profile - Takeoff Power ............................ 06 2
6.2 Jet Wake Temperature Profile - Takeoff Power .................... 06 3
6.3 Jet Wake Velocity Profile - Ground Idle ................................ 06 4
6.4 Jet Wake Temperature Profile - Ground Idle ........................ 06 5
6.5 Jet Wake Velocity Profile - Breakaway Power...................... 06 6
6.6 Jet Wake Temperature Profile - Breakaway Power .............. 06 7
6.7 Hazard Areas - Takeoff Power .............................................. 06 9
6.8 Hazard Areas - Ground Idle .................................................. 06 10
6.9 Hazard Areas - Breakaway Power........................................ 06 11
7.1 Footprint ................................................................................ 07 2
7.2 Maximum Pavement Loads................................................... 07 3
7.3 Landing Gear Loading on Pavement .................................... 07 4
7.4 Flexible Pavement Requirements - US Army Corps of En-

gineers Design Method ......................................................... 07 6

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7.5 Flexible Pavement Requirements - LCN Method ................. 07 8
7.6 Rigid Pavement Requirements - Portland Cement Associa-

tion Design Method ............................................................... 07 10
7.7 Radius of Relative Stiffness .................................................. 07 12
7.8 Radius of Relative Stiffness (other values)........................... 07 13
7.9 Rigid Pavement Requirements - LCN Method ..................... 07 14
7.10 ACN For Flexible Pavement ................................................. 07 16
7.14 ACN For Rigid Pavement...................................................... 07 20
9.1 Scale: 1 Inch Equals 32 Feet................................................ 09 2
9.2 Scale: 1 Inch Equals 50 Feet................................................ 09 3
9.3 Scale: 1 Inch Equals 100 Feet.............................................. 09 4
9.4 Scale: 1 to 500 ...................................................................... 09 5
9.5 Scale: 1 to 1000 .................................................................... 09 6

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PLANNING MANUAL
1. SCOPE
1.1. PURPOSE
This document provides airplane characteristics for general airport planning. Since the operational
practices vary among the airlines, specific data should be coordinated with the using airlines before the
facility design is made.
EMBRAER should be contacted for any additional information required.
1.2. INTRODUCTION
The APM has been prepared in accordance with NAS 3601.

It provides aircraft characteristics for general airport planning, airport operators, airlines, and engineer-
ing consultant organizations.
The APM is arranged as shown in the table below:
Table 1.1 - APM Arrangement

ARRANGEMENTS CONTENTS
Title Page
Costumer Comment Form
Highlights
Record of Revision Sheet
Temporary Revision Sheet
Manual Front Matter
List of Service Bulletins
List of Effective Pages
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Scope
Aircraft Description
Aircraft Performance
Ground Maneuvering
Section Terminal Servicing
Operating Conditions
Pavement Data
Possible Derivative Aircraft
Scaled Drawings
The front matter for the whole manual contains:
• Title Page: Shows the manufacturer’s masthead, identification of the manual, the initial issue date,
and revision number and date.
• Highlights: Advises the operator on the revised pages.
• Record of Revisions Sheet: Lists the successive revision numbers, issue date, insertion date and
incorporators initials, which must be kept current by the operator.
Section 1
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 1-1
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• List of Service Bulletins: Lists the Service Bulletins, including all issued revisions, which affect the
manual as well as the affected section(s) (APM Section Number), the aircraft affected by the Service
Bulletin, and the date of incorporation of the SB in the manual.
• Temporary Revision Sheet: Lists the temporary revision numbers, page number, issue date, person
responsible for the insertion and insertion date.
• List of Effective Pages: Lists all sections and their list of effective pages with the latest issue dates.
• Queries concerning any printed material, including purchasing, copying, shipping and handling,
complaints, or compliments may be addressed to:
Technical Publications Distribution:
Embraer S.A.
Attention of: Technical Publications Department
P.O. BOX 8050
CEP. 12.227-901- São José dos Campos - SP - Brazil
Phone: (55 12) 3927-7517
FAX: (55 12) 3927-7546
http://www.embraer.com
e-mail: [email protected]
• For support regarding technical information contained in non-operational publication, please contact:
Routine Issues: Contact Embraer Customer Support Service
AOG Issues: Contact Embraer AOG group directly
• For Digital Technical Publications support:
[email protected]
1.2.1. Revisions
Embraer may revise this manual periodically as required to update information or provide information
not available at the time of printing.
Revised data may result from Embraer approved aircraft modifications and new available options.
Changes to the text are indicated by a black bar in the page left-side margin, beside the revised, added,
or deleted material.
Relocated or rearranged text or illustrations will be indicated by a black bar beside the page number.
1.3. ABBREVIATIONS
This list gives all the abbreviations, acronyms and measurement units used in this manual with their
definitions.
Table 1.2 - List of Acronyms and Abbreviations used in the APM

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS DESCRIPTION
°C Degree Celsius
°F Degree Fahrenheit
Liter
ACN Aircraft Classification Number
AFM Airplane Flight Manual
AOM Airplane Operations Manual
Section 1
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 1-2
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Table 1.2 - List of Acronyms and Abbreviations used in the APM
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS DESCRIPTION

APM Airport Planning Manual
APU Auxiliary Power Unit
AR Advanced Range
ATTCS Automatic Takeoff-Thrust Control-System
BOW Basic Operating Weight
CBR California Bearing Ratio
ECS Environmental Control System
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FAR Federal Aviation Regulations
FWD Forward
GEAE General Electric Aircraft Engines
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ISA International Standard Atmosphere
JAR Joint Aviation Requirements
LCN Load Classification Number
LH Left-Hand
LL Low Long Range
LR Long Range
MLW Maximum Landing Weight
MRW Maximum Ramp Weight
MTOW Maximum Takeoff Weight
MZFW Maximum Zero Fuel Weight
N Newton
RBHA Requisitos Brasileiros de Homologação Aeronáutica
RH Right-Hand
STD Standard
dBA A-Weighted Decibel
ft Foot
ft2 Square Foot
ft3 Cubic Foot
gal. Gallon
in Inch
in2 Square Inch
inHg Inch of Mercury
kPa Kilopascal
kg Kilogram
lb Pound
lb/in3 Pound per Cubic Inch
lbf Pound Force
m Meter
m2 Square Meter
m3 Cubic Meter
min Minute
psi Pounds per Square Inch
Section 1
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 1-3 / 4
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AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2. AIRCRAFT DESCRIPTION
2.1. AIRCRAFT CHARACTERISTICS
The aircraft is:
• Predominantly metallic;
• Low winged;
• Conventional tailed;
• Monoplane;
• Retractable tricycle-type with twin-wheeled landing-gear.
There are two high bypass ratio turbofan GEAE CF34–8E with 63.2 kN (14200 lbf) maximum takeoff
thrust (sea level, static and ISA + 15 °C) installed under the wings.
The aircraft has two versions, with different ranges () as a function of the difference between the
MTOWs:
• The STD aircraft model - MTOW 37500 kg (82673 lb)
• The LR aircraft model - MTOW 38790 kg (85517 lb)
• The LL aircraft model - MTOW 38600 kg (85098 lb)
• The AR aircraft model - MTOW 40370 kg (89000 lb)
2.1.1. Definitions
MRW
It is the maximum allowed aircraft weight for taxiing or maneuvering on the ground.
MLW
It is the maximum allowed weight with which the aircraft can normally be landed.
MTOW
It is the maximum allowed total loaded aircraft weight at the start of the takeoff run.
BOW
It is the weight of the structure, powerplant, instruments, flight controls, hydraulic, electronic, electrical,
air conditioning, oxygen, anti-icing and pressurization systems, interior furnishings, portable and emer-
gency equipment and other items of equipment that are an integral part of the aircraft configuration. It
also includes unusable fuel, total engine and APU oil, total hydraulic fluid, toilet fluid and water, potable
water, crew and crew baggage, navigation kit (manuals, charts), catering (beverages and food) and
removable service equipment for the galley.
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-1
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May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
MZFW
It is the maximum allowed weight without usable fuel in the tanks.
Maximum Payload
It is the difference between the MZFW and the BOW.
Maximum Seating Capacity
It is the maximum number of passengers specifically certified or anticipated for certification.
Maximum Cargo Volume
It is the maximum space available for cargo.
Usable Fuel
Fuel available for the aircraft propulsion.
Table 2.1 - Aircraft General Characteristics

DESIGN AIRCRAFT MODELS
WEIGHTS[1] STD LR LL AR
37660 kg 38950 kg 38760 kg 40530 kg
MRW
(83026 lb) (85870 lb) (85450 lb) (89353 lb)
37500 kg 38790 kg 38600 kg 40370 kg
MTOW
(82673 lb) (85517 lb) (85098 lb) (89000 lb)
34100 kg
MLW 34000 kg (74957 lb)
(75177 lb)
[2] 22500 kg
BOW 21500 kg (47399 lb)
(49604 lb)
31510 kg 32000 kg
MZFW 31700 kg (69886 lb)
(69467 lb) (70548 lb)
Maximum Payload
[2] 10200 kg (22487 lb)
Maximum Seating
84 passengers 70 passengers 86 passengers
Capacity
1. Applicable for standard models. For further information, refer to AFM and AOM.
2. Standard configuration (weights may vary according to optional equipment installed or interior layouts).
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-2
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PLANNING MANUAL
Table 2.1 - Aircraft General Characteristics
DESIGN AIRCRAFT MODELS

WEIGHTS[1] STD LR LL AR
Maximum Cargo 3 3
17.12 m (604.59 ft )
Volume [2]
Usable 9428 kg (20785 lb)
Fuel[3] 11625 (3071 gal.)
1. Applicable for standard models. For further information, refer to AFM and AOM.
2. Standard configuration (volume may vary according to optional equipment installed).
3. Adopted fuel density of 0.811 kg/ (6.77 lb/gal.)
2.2. GENERAL AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS
2.2.1. External Dimensions - On aircraft with winglet or Pre-Mod SB 0170-57-0058

• Span over winglets - 26.00 m (85 ft 4 in.)
• Height (maximum) - 9.86 m (32 ft 4 in.)
• Overall length - 31.68 m (103 ft 11 in.)
2.2.2. External Dimensions - On aircraft with extended wingtip or Post-Mod SB

0170-57-0058
• Span over wingtips - 28.65 m (93 ft 11 in.)
• Height (maximum) - 9.86 m (32 ft 4 in.)
• Overall length - 31.68 m (103 ft 11 in.)
2.2.3. Wing
• Reference area - 72.72 m2 (783 ft2)
• Reference aspect ratio - 8.6
2.2.4. Fuselage
• Total Length - 31.68 m (103 ft 11 in.)
• Length of pressurized section - 24.52 m (80 ft 5 in.)
2.2.5. Horizontal Tail

• Span - 10.00 m (32 ft 9 in.)
• Area - 23.25 m2 (250 ft2 37 in2)
2.2.6. Vertical Tail

• Reference area - 16.20 m2 (174 ft2 55 in2)
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-3
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May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
20.00 m
(65 ft 7.4 in.)
7.66 m
(22 ft 11.6 in.)
9.86 m
(32 ft 4 in.)
4.13 m 11.40 m
(13 ft 6 in.) (37 ft 5 in.)
31.68 m
(103 ft 11 in.)
23.04 m
(75 ft 7 in.)
4.27 m
(14 ft )
10.00 m
(32 ft 9 in.)
4.71 m
(15 ft 5.4 in.)
23.04 m
(75 ft 7 in.)
17.46 m
(57 ft 3 in.) EM170APM020016C.DGN
5.20 m
(17 ft)
26.00 m
(85 ft 4 in.)
General Aircraft Dimensions

Figure 2.1
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ON ACFT WITH WINGLET OR
Page 2-4
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
20.00 m
(65 ft 7.4 in.)
7.66 m
(22 ft 11.6 in.)
9.86 m
(32 ft 4 in.)
4.13 m 11.40 m
(13 ft 6 in.) (37 ft 5 in.)
31.68 m
(103 ft 11 in.)
23.04 m
(75 ft 7 in.)
4.27 m
(14 ft )
10.00 m
(32 ft 9 in.)
4.71 m
(15 ft 5.4 in.)
23.04 m
(75 ft 7 in.)
17.46 m
(57 ft 3 in.)
EM170APM020025C.DGN
4.88 m
(15 ft 12 in.)
5.20 m
(17 ft 1 in)
28.65 m
(93 ft 11 in.)
General Aircraft Dimensions

Figure 2.2
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ON ACFT WITH ENHANCED
Page 2-5
w-apm2259
WINGTIP OR POST-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02

May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2.3. GROUND CLEARANCES
A
FUSLG ANGLE L
(REF.)
M
B
J K
E H
C
D
F
EM170APM020017A.DGN
Ground Clearances
Figure 2.3
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-6
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Oct 07/14
w-apm2259
Table 2.2 - Ground Clearance - STD Aircraft Model

EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 STD ACFT MODEL
TAIL SKID
FOR-
FOR- FOR- AFT ANGU-
FUS WARD AFT AFT VERTI-
WARD WARD PASSEN- LAR
CG ANGLE NOSE PASSEN- NACELLE WINGLET CARGO SERVICE CAL
WEIGHT SERVICE CARGO GER CLEAR-
(%MAC) (DEG) (B) GER (F) (G) DOOR DOOR TAIL
DOOR DOOR DOOR ANCE
(A) DOOR (H) (J) (L)
(C) (E) (K) (DEG)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
(D)
(M)
37660 kg 2.14 m 2.54 m 2.54 m 1.46 m 0.47 m 4.48 m 1.45 m 2.42 m 2.42 m 9.61 m
10.1 0.4 11.7
83026 lb 7 ft 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 9 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 6 in.
37660 kg 2.20 m 2.58 m 2.58 m 1.48 m 0.47 m 4.45 m 1.42 m 2.38 m 2.38 m 9.54 m
25.6 0.6 11.4
83026 lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 7in. 4 ft 8 in. 7 ft 10 in. 7 ft 10 in. 31 ft 4 in.
37500 kg 2.14 m 2.54 m 2.54 m 1.46 m 0.47 m 4.48 m 1.45 m 2.42 m 2.42 m 9.61 m
10.1 0.4 11.7
82673 lb 7 ft 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft9 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 6 in.
37500 kg 2.20 m 2.58 m 2.58 m 1.48 m 0.47 m 4.46 m 1.42 m 2.38 m 2.38 m 9.54 m
25.6 0.6 11.4
82673 lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft 8 in. 7 ft 10 in. 7 ft 10 in. 31 ft 4 in.
34000 kg 2.14 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 1.47 m 0.48 m 4.50 m 1.47 m 2.45 m 2.45 m 9.65 m
7.0 0.3 11.9
74957 lb 7 ft 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft9 in. 4 ft 10 in. 8 ft 8 ft 31 ft 8 in.
34000 kg 2.21 m 2.60 m 2.59 m 1.50 m 0.49 m 4.47 m 1.44 m 2.39 m 2.39 m 9.56 m
27.0 0.6 11.5
74957 lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 4 ft 11 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft10 in. 7 ft10 in. 31 ft 4 in.
31700 kg 2.14 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 1.48 m 0.49 m 4.52 m 1.49 m 2.46 m 2.46 m 9.67 m
7.1 0.3 11.9
69886 lb 7 ft 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 10 in. 4 ft11 in. 8 ft 1 in. 8 ft 1 in. 31 ft9 in.
31700 kg 2.22 m 2.60 m 2.60 m 1.51 m 0.50 m 4.49 m 1.45 m 2.41 m 2.41 m 9.57 m
27.0 0.6 11.6
69886 lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 4 ft 11 in. 1 ft 8 in. 14 ft 9 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 5 in.
AIRPORT
27500 kg 2.23 m 2.62 m 2.61 m 1.53 m 0.52 m 4.52 m 1.48 m 2.44 m 2.44 m 9.61 m
27.0 0.5 11.7
60627 lb 7 ft 4 in. 8 ft 7 in. 8 ft 7 in. 5 ft 1 ft8 in. 14 ft 10 in. 4 ft 10 in. 8 ft 8 ft 31 ft 6 in.
22500 kg 2.16 m 2.59 m 2.59 m 1.52 m 0.55 m 4.60 m 1.58 m 2.56 m 2.56 m 9.79 m
7.0 0.1 12.4
49604 lb 7 ft 1 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 5 ft 1 ft 10 in. 15 ft1 in. 5 ft 2 in. 8 ft5 in. 8 ft5 in. 32 ft 1 in.
22500 kg 2.21 m 2.62 m 2.62 m 1.54 m 0.55 m 4.58 m 1.54 m 2.52 m 2.52 m 9.72 m
21.0 0.32 12.1
PLANNING MANUAL
49604 lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 7 in. 8 ft 7 in. 5 ft 11 in. 1 ft 10 in. 15 ft 5 ft 1 in. 8 ft3 in. 8 ft3 in. 31 ft 11 in.
22500 kg 2.25 m 2.64 m 2.64 m 1.55 m 0.56 m 4.56 m 1.53 m 2.59 m 2.59 m 9.68 m
27.0 0.5 12.0
49604 lb 7 ft 5 in. 8 ft 8 in. 8 ft 8 in. 5 ft 1 in. 1 ft 10 in. 14 ft11 in. 5 ft 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 31 ft9 in.
Oct 07/14
Page 2-7
Section 2
Table 2.3 - Ground Clearance - LR Aircraft Model
EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 LR ACFT MODEL
TAIL SKID
FOR-
FOR- FOR- AFT ANGU-
(%MAC) (DEG) (B) GER (F) (G) DOOR DOOR TAIL
DOOR DOOR DOOR ANCE
(C) (E) (K) (DEG)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
(D)
(M)
38950 kg 2.15 m 2.54 m 2.54 m 1.46 m 0.46 m 4.47 m 1.44 m 2.41 m 2.41 m 9.59 m
11.2 0.4 11.6
85870 lb 7 ft1 in. 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 9 in. 1 ft 6 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 6 in.
38950 kg 2.19 m 2.58 m 2.57 m 1.48 m 0.47 m 4.45 m 1.41 m 2.37 m 2.37 m 9.53 m
25.1 0.6 11.4
38790 kg 2.15 m 2.55 m 2.54 m 1.46 m 0.46 m 4.47 m 1.44 m 2.41 m 2.41 m 9.59 m
11.2 0.4 11.7
85517 lb 7 ft1 in. 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft9 in. 1 ft 6 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 6 in.
38790 kg 2.19 m 2.58 m 2.57 m 1.48 m 0.47 m 4.45 m 1.41 m 2.37 m 2.37 m 9.53 m
25.1 0.6 11.4
85517 lb 7 ft 2 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 5 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 7 in. 4 ft 8 in. 7 ft9 in. 7 ft 9 in. 31 ft 3 in.
34000 kg 2.14 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 1.47 m 0.48 m 4.50 m 1.47 m 2.45 m 2.45 m 9.65 m
7.0 0.3 11.9
34000 kg 2.21 m 2.60 m 2.59 m 1.50 m 0.49 m 4.47 m 1.44 m 2.39 m 2.39 m 9.56 m
27.0 0.6 11.5
31700 kg 2.14 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 1.48 m 0.49 m 4.52 m 1.49 m 2.46 m 2.46 m 9.67 m
7.1 0.3 11.9
69886 lb 7 ft 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 10 in. 4 ft11 in. 8 ft 1 in. 8 ft 1 in. 31 ft9 in.
31700 kg 2.22 m 2.60 m 2.60 m 1.51 m 0.50 m 4.49 m 1.45 m 2.41 m 2.41 m 9.57 m
27.0 0.6 11.6
69886 lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 4 ft 11 in. 1 ft 8 in. 14 ft 9 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 5 in.
27500 kg 2.23 m 2.62 m 2.61 m 1.53 m 0.52 m 4.52 m 1.48 m 2.44 m 2.44 m 9.61 m
AIRPORT
27.0 0.5 11.7

60627 lb 7 ft 4 in. 8 ft 7 in. 8 ft 7 in. 5 ft 1 ft8 in. 14 ft 10 in. 4 ft 10 in. 8 ft 8 ft 31 ft 6 in.
22500 kg 2.16 m 2.59 m 2.59 m 1.52 m 0.55 m 4.60 m 1.58 m 2.56 m 2.56 m 9.79 m
7.0 0.1 12.4
49604 lb 7 ft 1 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 5 ft 1 ft 10 in. 15 ft1 in. 5 ft 2 in. 8 ft5 in. 8 ft5 in. 32 ft 1 in.
22500 kg 2.21 m 2.62 m 2.62 m 1.54 m 0.55 m 4.58 m 1.54 m 2.52 m 2.52 m 9.72 m
21.0 0.32 12.1
PLANNING MANUAL
22500 kg 2.25 m 2.64 m 2.64 m 1.55 m 0.56 m 4.56 m 1.53 m 2.59 m 2.59 m 9.68 m
27.0 0.5 12.0
49604 lb 7 ft 5 in. 8 ft 8 in. 8 ft 8 in. 5 ft 1 in. 1 ft 10 in. 14 ft11 in. 5 ft 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 31 ft9 in.
Oct 07/14
Page 2-8
Section 2
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Table 2.4 - Ground Clearance - AR Aircraft Model

TAIL SKID
FOR-
FOR- FOR- AFT ANGU-
(%MAC) (DEG) (B) GER (F) TIP (G) DOOR DOOR TAIL
DOOR DOOR DOOR ANCE
(C) (E) (K) (DEG)
(D)
(M)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
40530 kg 2.14 m 2.54 m 2.54 m 1.46 m 0.48 m 4.50 m 1.46 m 2.44 m 2.44 m 9.64 m
17.6 0.4 11.8
89385 lb 7 ft1 in. 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 9 in. 1 ft 6 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 6 in.
40530 kg 2.19 m 2.58 m 2.57 m 1.48 m 0.47 m 4.44 m 1.44 m 2.40 m 2.40 m 9.57 m
27.5 0.6 11.6
40370 kg 2.14 m 2.55 m 2.54 m 1.46 m 0.48 m 4.450 m 1.47 m 2.44 m 2.44 m 9.63 m
17.6 0.4 11.8
89000 lb 7 ft1 in. 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft9 in. 1 ft 6 in. 14 ft 8 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 6 in.
40370 kg 2.19 m 2.58 m 2.57 m 1.48 m 0.47 m 4.44 m 1.44 m 2.40 m 2.40 m 9.57 m
27.5 0.6 11.6
89000 lb 7 ft 2 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 5 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 7 in. 4 ft 8 in. 7 ft9 in. 7 ft 9 in. 31 ft 3 in.
34100 kg 2.13 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 1.47 m 0. 49 m 4.53 m 1.50 m 2.48 m 2.48 m 9.70 m
12.1 0.3 12
34100 kg 2.21 m 2.60 m 2.59 m 1.50 m 0.49 m 4.46 m 1.46 m 2.43 m 2.42 m 9.60 m
30 0.6 11.7
32000 kg 2.14 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 1.48 m 0.50 m 4.54 m 1.52 m 2.50 m 2.50 m 9.72 m
12.1 0.3 12.1
70548 lb 7 ft 8 ft 4 in. 8 ft 4 in. 4 ft 10 in. 1 ft 7 in. 14 ft 10 in. 4 ft11 in. 8 ft 1 in. 8 ft 1 in. 31 ft 9 in.
32000 kg 2.21 m 2.60 m 2.60 m 1.51 m 0.51 m 4.51 m 1.48 m 2.4 m 2.44 m 9.62 m
30 0.6 11.8
70548lb 7 ft 3 in. 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 4 ft 11 in. 1 ft 8 in. 14 ft 9 in. 4 ft9 in. 7 ft 11 in. 7 ft 11 in. 31 ft 5 in.
22500 kg 2.16 m 2.59 m 2.59 m 1.53 m 0.56 m 4.63 m 1.60 m 2.59 m 2.59 m 9.84 m
20.0 0.32 12.6
AIRPORT
22500 kg 2.21 m 2.62 m 2.62 m 1.55 m 0.56 m 4.60 m 1.57 m 2.55 m 2.55 m 9.76 m
26.0 0.5 12.3
49604 lb 7 ft 5 in. 8 ft 8 in. 8 ft 8 in. 5 ft 1 in. 1 ft 10 in. 14 ft11 in. 5 ft 8 ft 6 in. 8 ft 6 in. 31 ft 9 in.
PLANNING MANUAL
Oct 07/14
Page 2-9
Section 2
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2.4. INTERIOR ARRANGEMENT
The interior arrangement provides accommodation for two pilots, one observer, two flight attendants,
and 78 passengers in 32 in pitch standard configuration. One additional flight attendant seat is available
as an option.
2.4.1. Passenger Cabin
The passenger cabin accommodates 78 passengers in 19 double seats on the LH side, and 20 double
seats on the RH side.
As an option, the passenger cabin can be provided with double first-class seats on the RH side and
single first-class seats on the LH side.
The main dimensions of the passenger cabin are presented below:
• Height - 2.00 m (6 ft 7 in.)
• Width - 2.74 m (9 ft)
• Aisle width - 0.49 m (1 ft 7 in.)

• Pitch - 0.82 m (32 in.)
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-10
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
4 9 5
3
0.90 m 0.88 m 0.78 m

(2 ft 11.4 in.) (2 ft 10.6 in.) (2 ft 6.7 in.)
8
8 2.66 m 2.41 m 2.27 m 1.85 m

(8 ft 8.7 in.) (7 ft 10.9 in.) (7 ft 5.4 in.) (6 ft 0.8 in.)
6.26 m 5.26 m
(20 ft 6.5 in.) (17 ft 3.1 in.)
21.34 m
(70 ft)
3 4 10
5
0.81 m 1 7
6 1 2 (2 ft 8 in.)
1 − FLIGHT ATTENDANT SEAT 6 − FWD LAVATORY

2 − WARDROBE 7 − AFT LAVATORY
3 − FWD RH G1 GALLEY 8 − CARGO COMPARTMENT

4 − FWD RH G2 GALLEY 9 − OVERHEAD BIN
5 − AFT RH GALLEY 10 − PASSENGER SEAT
CARGO/BAGGAGE VOLUME
EM170APM020018D.DGN
3 3
CARGO COMPARTMENT 17.12 m (604.59 ft )
3 3
OVERHEAD BIN 0.06 m / pax (2.0 ft / pax)
3 3
UNDERSEAT VOLUME 0.04 m / pax (1.4 ft / pax)
Typical Interior Arrangements

Figure 2.4
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-11
w-apm2259
Oct 09/15
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2.4.2. Cargo Compartments
Two cargo compartments located underfloor are available, one forward of the wing, and the other aft of
the wing.
The cargo compartments comply with the FAR-25/JAR-25/RBHA-25 “class C” compartment classifica-
tion.
The table below contains the capacity of the cargo compartment:
Table 2.5 - Capacity of the Cargo Compartment

CARGO COMPARTMENT LOADING VOLUME
FWD [1] 1500 kg (3307 lb) 9.92 m3 (350.32 ft3)
AFT 1150 kg (2535 lb) 7.2 m3 (254.27 ft3)
Total 2650 kg (5842 lb) 17.12 m3 (604.59 ft3)
1. Standard configuration (loading and volume may vary according to optional equipment installed).
The cargo compartments are provided with the following features:

• Optional vertical nets;
• Door net at each cargo door.
2.4.3. Cockpit
The cockpit is acoustically and thermally insulated for appearance and durability. It follows the worldwide
trend of rounded edges to avoid harm to the flight crew.
The cockpit is separated from the passenger cabin by a bulkhead provided with a lockable door. The
cockpit door has a locking system, which can only be opened from the cockpit side, a peep hole and an
escape mechanism on the cockpit side.
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-12
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2.5. PASSENGER CABIN CROSS SECTION
0.78 m
(2 ft 7 in.)
0.46 m 0.05 m
(1 ft 6 in.) (2.0 in.)
2.00 m
(6 ft 7 in.)
1.44 m
(4 ft 9 in.)
3.35 m
(11 ft 0 in.)
0.49 m
(1 ft 7 in.)
1.66 m
0.45 m (5 ft 5 in.)
(1 ft 6 in.)
0.94 m
2.72 m
(3 ft 1 in.)
(8 ft 11 in.)
0.75 m
(2 ft 5 in.)
2.74 m
(9 ft)
3.01 m
EM170APM020001A.DGN
(9 ft 11 in.)
Economy Class Passenger Cabin Cross-Section

Figure 2.5
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-13
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
0.86 m
(3 ft)
2.00 m
(6 ft 7 in.) 0.6 m 0.69 m
(1 ft 10 in.) (2 ft 3 in.)
0.20 m 0.51 m 0.07 m
1.44 m (8 in.) (3 in.)
(1 ft 8 in.)
(4 ft 9 in.)
1.1 m
(3 ft 8 in.)
3.35 m
(11 ft 0 in.) 0.61 m
(2 ft)
1.66 m
0.45 m (5 ft 5 in.)
(1 ft 6 in.)
0.94 m
2.72 m
(3 ft 1 in.)
(8 ft 11 in.)
0.75 m
(2 ft 5 in.)
2.74 m
(9 ft)
3.01 m
EM170APM020002A.DGN
(9 ft 11 in.)
First Class Passenger Cabin Cross-Section

Figure 2.6
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-14
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2.6. LOWER COMPARTMENT CONTAINERS
Not applicable
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-15
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2.7. DOOR CLEARANCES
1.71 m
(5 ft 7.3 in.)
1.82 m
(5 ft 11.6 in.) 1.37 m
1.36 m
(4 ft 5.5 in.) (4 ft 5.9 in.)
SEE FIGURE 2.2

FOR HEIGHT ABOVE
0.87 m 0.78 m GROUND
0.90 m (2 ft 10 in.) (2 ft 6.7 in.)
(2 ft 11.4 in.)
1.10 m 0.99 m
(3 ft 7.3 in.) (3 ft 3 in.)
0.61 m 0.63 m
(2 ft 0 in.) (2 ft 0.8 in.)
0.75 m 0.63 m
(2 ft 6.7 in.) (2 ft 0.8 in.)
EM170APM020008C.DGN
NOTE: FOR DIMENSIONS OF ALL DOORS,

CONSIDER THAT AIRCRAFT IS IN OPERATION,
THAT IS, EQUIPPED WITH DOOR LININGS AND
DOOR SURROUNDS.
Door Dimensions
Figure 2.7
Section 2
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 2-16
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
3. AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE
3.1. GENERAL INFORMATION
The performance of the aircraft and engine depends on the generation of forces by the interaction
between the aircraft or engine, and the air mass through which it flies. The atmosphere has a
pronounced effect on the temperature, pressure and density of the air.
The ICAO establishes standard basics for estimating and comparing aircraft and engine performance.
Some ICAO standard basics are shown below:
1. Sea level standard day:
Standard Temperature To = 15 °C (288.15 K)
Standard Pressure Po = 101.3 kPa (29.92 inHg)
Standard Density ρo = 0.002377 slug per cubic feet
2. ISA
Table 3.1 - ISA

ALTITUDE TEMPERATURE
m ft °C °F
0 0 15.0 59.0
305 1000 13.0 55.4
610 2000 11.0 51.9
915 3000 9.1 48.3
1220 4000 7.1 44.7
1524 5000 5.1 41.2
3049 10000 -4.8 23.3
4573 15000 -14.7 5.5
6098 20000 -24.6 -12.3
7622 25000 -34.5 -30.2
9146 30000 -44.4 -48.0
11003 36089 -56.5 -69.7
12195 40000 -56.5 -69.7
NOTE: The performance data shown in this section must not be used for operations.
NOTE: For further information about performance, refer to AOM and AFM.
Tire speed limits are not applicable to this specific aircraft.

This section provides the following information:
• The payload x range charts
• The takeoff field length charts
• The landing field length charts
NOTE: For other charts containing payload x ranges, takeoff field lengths and/or landing field
lengths with conditions different from those presented in this section, Embraer should be
contacted so that these charts can be obtained.
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-1
w-apm2259
Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
3.2. PAYLOAD X RANGE
The payload x range charts are based on the following conditions:

• CF34 - 8E5 and CF34 - 8E5A1 engine models;
• Aircraft carrying passengers at 100 kg (220 lb) each one;
• Flight level 350, that represents the cruising altitude equal to 10668 m (35000 ft);
• Atmosphere according to ISA or ISA + 10 °C conditions;

• MTOW.
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-2
w-apm2259
Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
PAYLOAD VS RANGE
CF34 − 8E5A1 & − 8E5 ENGINES
FLIGHT LEVEL 350
ISA
RESERVE : 100 nm ALTERNATE + 45 min FLIGHT
MTOW = 37500 kg (82673 lb)
11000
24000
23000
22000 10000
21000
20000 9000
19000
18000 78 PAX @ 100 kg

8000
17000
16000
7000
15000
14000
6000
13000
PAYLOAD − kg
PAYLOAD − lb
12000
11000 5000
10000 0.78 MACH
9000 4000
8000 LONG RANGE
7000
3000
6000
5000
2000
4000 MAX CRUISE
3000
1000
2000
1000
0 0
EM170APM030071B.DGN
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

RANGE − nm
NOTES:
MAX TAKEOFF WEIGHT 37500 kg (82673 lb)
MAX ZERO FUEL WEIGHT 31700 kg (69887 lb)
BASIC OPERATING WEIGHT 21500 kg (47399 lb)
MAX USABLE FUEL 9428 kg (20785 lb)
Payload x Range - ISA Conditions

Figure 3.1
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 STD ACFT
Page 3-3
w-apm2259
MODEL
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
PAYLOAD VS RANGE
FLIGHT LEVEL 350
ISA + 10°C
MTOW = 37500 kg (82673 lb)
11000
24000
23000
22000 10000
21000
20000 9000
19000
18000 78 PAX @ 100 kg

8000
17000
16000
7000
15000
14000
6000
13000
PAYLOAD − kg
PAYLOAD − lb
12000
11000 5000
10000 0.78 MACH
9000 4000
8000 LONG RANGE
7000
3000
6000
5000
2000
4000 MAX CRUISE
3000
1000
2000
1000
0 0
EM170APM030070B.DGN
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

RANGE − nm
NOTES:
Payload x Range - ISA + 10 °C Conditions

Figure 3.2
Section 3
Page 3-4
w-apm2259
MODEL
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
PAYLOAD VS RANGE
FLIGHT LEVEL 350
ISA
MTOW = 38790 kg (85517 lb)
11000
24000
23000
22000 10000
21000
20000 9000
19000
18000 78 PAX @ 100 kg

8000
17000
16000
7000
15000
14000
6000
13000
PAYLOAD − kg
PAYLOAD − lb
12000
11000 5000
10000 0.78 MACH
9000 4000
8000 LONG RANGE
7000
3000
6000
5000
2000
4000 MAX CRUISE
3000
1000
2000
1000
0 0
EM170APM030068B.DGN
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

RANGE − nm
NOTES:
Payload x Range - ISA Conditions

Figure 3.3
Section 3
Page 3-5
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
PAYLOAD VS RANGE
FLIGHT LEVEL 350
ISA + 10°C
MTOW = 38790 kg (85517 lb)
11000
24000
23000
22000 10000
21000
20000 9000
19000
18000 78 PAX @ 100 kg

8000
17000
16000
7000
15000
14000
6000
13000
PAYLOAD − kg
PAYLOAD − lb
12000
11000 5000
10000 0.78 MACH
9000 4000
8000 LONG RANGE
7000
3000
6000
5000
2000
4000 MAX CRUISE
3000
1000
2000
1000
0 0
EM170APM030069B.DGN
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

RANGE − nm
NOTES:
Payload x Range - ISA + 10 °C Conditions

Figure 3.4
Section 3
Page 3-6
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
3.3. TAKEOFF FIELD LENGTHS
The takeoff performance is based on the requirements of JAR 25, Change 14, plus amendment 25/96/1.
The takeoff field length charts provide data about the maximum takeoff weights, for compliance with the
operating regulations relating to takeoff field lengths.
Data are presented according to the following associated conditions:
• CF34 - 8E5 and CF34 - 8E5A1 engine models;
• Takeoff Mode: 1;
• ATTCS positioning: ON and OFF;
• Flaps setting position: 1, 2 and 4;

• Pavement conditions: dry, hard paved and level runway surface with no obstacles;
• Zero wind and atmosphere according to ISA or ISA + 15 °C conditions;
• Pack OFF: No engine bleed extraction for air conditioning packs was considered in the takeoff and
landing charts.
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-7
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
TAKEOFF FIELD LENGTH

CF 34−8E5 ENGINE@T/O−1 MODE
ATTCS: ON / ECS: OFF
DRY, SMOOTH, HARD PAVED AND LEVEL RUNWAY
ISA
13000 4000
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
11000 3400
3200
1829
10000 (6000)
3048
3000 (10000)
1219
(4000)
2800 2438 609
8000 (8000) (2000)
FLAP 1
2600
FIELD LENGTH − m
FIELD LENGTH − ft
8000 SEA LEVEL

2400
FLAP 2 −570
(−1870)
2200
7000
2000
6000 1800
1600
5000 FLAP 4
1400
4000 1200
1000
3000
800
EM170APM030064C.DGN
600
2000
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000
WEIGHT − lb
Takeoff Field Lengths - ISA Conditions

Figure 3.5
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-8
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

ISA+15°C
13000 4000
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000 1219
(4000)
3200 3048 2438
(10000) (8000)
10000
3000
1829 609
FLAP 1 (2000)
(6000)
2800
8000
2600
SEA LEVEL
FLAP 2
FIELD LENGTH − ft
FIELD LENGTH − m
8000 2400
−570
(−1870)
2200
7000
2000
6000 1800
1600
FLAP 4
5000
1400
1200
4000
1000
3000
800
600
EM170APM030065C.DGN
2000
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000
WEIGHT − lb
Takeoff Field Lengths - ISA + 15 °C Conditions

Figure 3.6
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-9
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

ATTCS: OFF / ECS: OFF
ISA
4000
13000
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000
3200
10000
3000
3048 2438 1829

2800 (10000) (8000) (6000)
8000 SEA LEVEL
2600 FLAP 1
1219 609
FIELD LENGTH − m
FIELD LENGTH − ft
(4000) (2000)
8000
2400
−570
2200 FLAP 2 (−1870)
7000
2000
6000 1800
1600
5000
1400 FLAP 4
4000 1200
1000
3000
800
EM170APM030098B.DGN
2000 600
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000 93000
WEIGHT − lb

Figure 3.7
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-10
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

ISA+15°C
4000
13000
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000
3200
10000
3000
3048 2438
(10000) (8000)
2800 SEA LEVEL
8000 FLAP 1
1829 1219 609
2600 (6000) (4000) (2000)
−570
FIELD LENGTH − m
FIELD LENGTH − ft
8000 (−1870)
2400
FLAP 2
2200
7000
2000
6000 1800
1600
5000 FLAP 4
1400
4000 1200
1000
3000
800
EM170APM030099B.DGN
2000 600
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000 93000
WEIGHT − lb

Figure 3.8
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-11
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

CF 34−8E5A1 ENGINE@T/O−1 MODE
ISA
13000 4000
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000
3200
10000 1829
3000 3048 (6000)
(10000)
1219
2800
2438 (4000)
8000 FLAP 1 609
(8000)
(2000)
2600
FIELD LENGTH − ft
FIELD LENGTH − m
8000 2400
SEA LEVEL
FLAP 2
2200
−570
7000
(−1870)
2000
6000 1800
1600
5000
1400 FLAP 4
1200
4000
1000
3000
800
600
EM170APM030066C.DGN
2000
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000
WEIGHT − lb

Figure 3.9
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-12
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

ISA+15°C
4000
13000 AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000
1219
3200 3048 (4000)
(10000) 2438
(8000)
10000 3000
FLAP 1 1829
(6000) 609
2800 (2000)
8000
2600
SEA LEVEL
FIELD LENGTH − m
FIELD LENGTH − ft
8000 2400 FLAP 2

−570
2200 (−1870)
7000
2000
1800
6000
1600 FLAP 4
5000
1400
1200
4000
1000
3000 800
600
EM170APM030067C.DGN
2000
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000 93000
WEIGHT − lb

Figure 3.10
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-13
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

ISA
4000
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000
3200
10000
3000
1829
3048 (6000)
2800
8000 (10000) 1219 609
(4000) (2000)
2438
2600 FLAP 1 (8000)
FIELD LENGTH − m
FIELD LENGTH − ft
8000 SEA LEVEL

2400
−570
2200 (−1870)
7000
FLAP 2
2000
6000 1800
1600
5000
1400 FLAP 4
4000 1200
1000
3000
800
EM170APM030100B.DGN
2000 600
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000 93000
WEIGHT − lb

Figure 3.11
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-14
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

ISA+15°C
4000
ALTITUDE m (ft)
3800
12000
3600
3400
11000
3200 609
(2000)
1829
10000 (6000) 1219
3000 3048 (4000)
2438
(10000)
(8000)
2800 FLAP 1
8000
2600
SEA LEVEL
FIELD LENGTH − m
FIELD LENGTH − ft
8000
2400
FLAP 2
2200 −570
7000 (−1870)
2000
6000 1800
1600
5000
1400 FLAP 4
4000 1200
1000
3000
800
EM170APM030101B.DGN
2000 600
400
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
WEIGHT − kg
45000 49000 53000 57000 61000 65000 69000 73000 77000 81000 85000 89000 93000
WEIGHT − lb

Figure 3.12
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-15
w-apm2259
Oct 07/14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
3.4. LANDING FIELD LENGTHS
The landing field length charts provide data about the maximum landing weights, for compliance with the
operating regulations relating to landing field lengths.
Data are presented according to the following associated conditions:
• Landing gear: down;
• Flaps setting position: 5 and full;
• Pavement conditions: dry, hard paved and level runway surface with no obstacles;
• Zero wind and atmosphere according to ISA conditions;
• Pack OFF: No engine bleed extraction for air conditioning packs was considered in the takeoff and
landing charts;
• For EASA Certification, Landing Field Lengths are factored as per EU OPS 1.515 (a) (1) - Landing;
• For FAA Certification, Landing Field Lengths are factored as per FAR Part 121, Paragraph 121.195
(b) - Airplanes.
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 3-16
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
LANDING FIELD LENGTH

FLAP 5 − FAA
ISA
DRY, SMOOTH, HARD PAVED AND LEVELLED RUNWAY
1900
6000
3048 (10000)
2743.2 (9000)
1700 2438 (8000)

5500
2134 (7000)
1829 (6000)
FAR LANDING RUNWAY LENGTH − m
FAR LANDING RUNWAY LENGTH − ft
AIRPORT PRESSURE 1524 (5000)

ALTITUDE m (ft)
5000
1219 (4000)
1500
914 (3000)
610 (2000)
305 (1000)
4500 SEA LEVEL
−1000
−1870
1300
4000
1100
3500
34000 kg (74957 lb)
EM170APM030072B.DGN
3000
900
15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
WEIGHT − kg
35000 40000 45000 50000 55000 60000 65000 70000 75000 80000 85000
WEIGHT − lb
Landing Field Lengths - Flaps 5

Figure 3.13
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: FAA-CERTIFIED ACFT
Page 3-17
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

FLAP FULL − FAA
ISA
6000
1600 3048 (10000)
2743.2 (9000)
2438 (8000)
5500
2134 (7000)
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft) 1829 (6000)
1524 (5000)
1400
1219 (4000)
5000
914 (3000)
610 (2000)
305 (1000)
SEA LEVEL
−1000
4500
−1870
1200
4000
1000
3500
34000 kg (74957 lb)
EM170APM030074B.DGN
3000
900
15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
WEIGHT − kg
35000 40000 45000 50000 55000 60000 65000 70000 75000 80000 85000
WEIGHT − lb
Landing Field Lengths - Flaps Full

Figure 3.14
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: FAA-CERTIFIED ACFT
Page 3-18
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

FLAP 5 − EASA
ISA
1900
6000
3048 (10000)
1700
5500
2743.2 (9000)
2438 (8000)
2134 (7000)
AIRPORT PRESSURE
ALTITUDE m (ft) 1829 (6000)
5000
1500
1524 (5000)
1219 (4000)
914 (3000)
610 (2000)
4500
305 (1000)
SEA LEVEL
1300 −1000
−1870
4000
1100
3500
34000 kg (74957 lb)
EM170APM030076B.DGN
3000
900
15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
WEIGHT − kg
35000 40000 45000 50000 55000 60000 65000 70000 75000 80000 85000
WEIGHT − lb
Landing Field Lengths - Flaps 5

Figure 3.15
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: EASA-CERTIFIED ACFT
Page 3-19
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

FLAP FULL − EASA
ISA
1700
5500
3048 (10000)
2743.2 (9000)
2438 (8000)
5000
1500
AIRPORT PRESSURE 2134 (7000)
ALTITUDE m (ft)
1829 (6000)
1524 (5000)
1219 (4000)
4500
914 (3000)
610 (2000)
1300 305 (1000)
SEA LEVEL
−1000
−1870
4000
1100
3500
34000 kg (74957 lb)
EM170APM030078B.DGN
3000
900
15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000
WEIGHT − kg
35000 40000 45000 50000 55000 60000 65000 70000 75000 80000 85000
WEIGHT − lb
Landing Field Lengths - Flaps Full

Figure 3.16
Section 3
EFFECTIVITY: EASA-CERTIFIED ACFT
Page 3-20
w-apm2259
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
4. GROUND MANEUVERING
This section provides the aircraft turning capability and maneuvering characteristics. To facilitate the
presentation, data have been determined from theoretical limits imposed by the geometry of the aircraft.
As such, they reflect the turning capability of the aircraft in favorable operating circumstances. These
data should be used only as a guideline for the method of determining such parameters and for the
maneuvering characteristics of the aircraft.
In the ground operating mode, varying airline practices may demand that more conservative turning
procedures be adopted, to avoid excessive tire wear and reduce possible maintenance problems.
Variations from standard aircraft operating patterns may be necessary to satisfy physical constraints
within the maneuvering area, such as adverse grades, limited area, or high risk of jet blast damage. For
these reasons, the ground maneuvering requirements should be coordinated with the airline before the
layout is planned.
This section is presented as follows:
• The turning radii for nose landing gear steering angles.
• The pilot’s visibility from the cockpit and the limits of ambinocular vision through the windows.
Ambinocular vision is defined as the total field of vision seen by both eyes at the same time.
• The performance of the aircraft on runway-to-taxiway, taxiway-to-taxiway and runway holding bay
dimensions.
4.2. TURNING RADII
This subsection presents the following information:
• The turning radii for various nose landing gear steering angles. The minimum turning radius is
determined, considering the maximum nose landing gear steering angle as 76 degrees left and right.
• Data on the minimum width of the pavement for a 180 degrees turn.
Section 4
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 4-1
w-apm2259
Oct 07/08
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
R5
R3 R6
R 5.49m
18ft 0.1in
R4
76°
70°
R1
65°
60°
55°
50°
45°
40°
35°
R 11.83m
38ft 9.7in
R2
NOTE:
DATA PRESENTED IS BASED ON THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS.
ACTUAL OPERATING DATA MAY BE GREATER THAN SHOWN SINCE
TIRE SLIPPAGE IS NOT CONSIDERED IN THESE CALCULATIONS.
NOSE LANDING
STEERING NOSE OUTBOARD GEAR INBOARD GEAR RIGHT WINGLET RIGHT TAILTIP
GEAR
STEEL
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
35° 22.70m 74ft 5.7in 20.29m 66ft 6.8in 19.51m 64ft 0.1in 13.26m 43ft 6.2in 29.64m 97ft 3in 26.38m 86ft 6.5in
40° 20.83m 68ft 4in 18.13m 59ft 6in 16.80m 55ft 1.3in 10.55m 34ft 7.4in 26.95m 88ft 5in 24.23m 79ft 6in
45° 19.45m 63ft 9.9in 16.51m 54ft 2in 14.60m 47ft 11in 8.35m 27ft 4.8in 24.78m 81ft 3.5in 22.58m 74ft 1in
EM170APM040021D.DGN
50° 18.43m 60ft 5.4in 15.26m 50ft 1in 12.75m 41ft 10in 6.50m 21ft 4in 22.96m 75ft 3.8in 21.27m 69ft 9.3in
55° 17.65m 57ft 11in 14.29m 46ft 11in 11.16m 36ft 7in 4.91m 16ft 1.3in 21.38m 70ft 2in 20.21m 66ft 3.5in
60° 17.05m 55ft 11in 13.53m 44ft 4.8in 9.75m 32ft 0in 3.50m 11ft 5.8in 20.00m 65ft 7.4in 19.33m 63ft 4.9in
65° 16.60m 54ft 5.4in 12.94m 42ft 5.4in 8.47m 27ft 9.6in 2.23m 7ft 3.7in 18.75m 61ft 6.3in 18.59m 61ft 0in
70° 16.26m 53ft 4in 12.49m 41ft 0in 7.30m 23ft 11in 1.05m 3ft 5.5in 17.61m 57ft 9.1in 17.96m 58ft 11in
76° 15.8m 51ft 10in 12.12m 39ft 9in 6.01m 19ft 8.7in 0.23m 0ft 9.2in 16.58m 54ft 7.6in 17.45m 57ft 2.8in
Turning Radii - No Slip Angle

Figure 4.1
Section 4
Page 4-2
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
R5
R3 R6
R 5.49m
18ft 0.1in
R4
76°
70°
R1
65°
60°
55°
50°
45°
40°
35°
R 11.83m
38ft 9.7in
R2
NOTE:
DATA PRESENTED IS BASED ON THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS.
ACTUAL OPERATING DATA MAY BE GREATER THAN SHOWN SINCE
TIRE SLIPPAGE IS NOT CONSIDERED IN THESE CALCULATIONS.
NOSE LANDING
STEERING NOSE OUTBOARD GEAR INBOARD GEAR RIGHT WINGTIP RIGHT TAILTIP
GEAR
STEEL
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
35° 22.70m 74ft 5.7in 20.29m 66ft 6.8in 19.51m 64ft 0.1in 13.26m 43ft 6.2in 30.94m 97ft 3in 26.38m 86ft 6.5in
40° 20.83m 68ft 4in 18.13m 59ft 6in 16.80m 55ft 1.3in 10.55m 34ft 7.4in 28.25m 88ft 5in 24.23m 79ft 6in
45° 19.45m 63ft 9.9in 16.51m 54ft 2in 14.60m 47ft 11in 8.35m 27ft 4.8in 26.07m 81ft 3.5in 22.58m 74ft 1in
EM170APM040023A.DGN
50° 18.43m 60ft 5.4in 15.26m 50ft 1in 12.75m 41ft 10in 6.50m 21ft 4in 24.24m 75ft 3.8in 21.27m 69ft 9.3in
55° 17.65m 57ft 11in 14.29m 46ft 11in 11.16m 36ft 7in 4.91m 16ft 1.3in 22.67m 70ft 2in 20.21m 66ft 3.5in
60° 17.05m 55ft 11in 13.53m 44ft 4.8in 9.75m 32ft 0in 3.50m 11ft 5.8in 21.28m 65ft 7.4in 19.33m 63ft 4.9in
65° 16.60m 54ft 5.4in 12.94m 42ft 5.4in 8.47m 27ft 9.6in 2.23m 7ft 3.7in 20.03m 61ft 6.3in 18.59m 61ft 0in
70° 16.26m 53ft 4in 12.49m 41ft 0in 7.30m 23ft 11in 1.05m 3ft 5.5in 18.88m 57ft 9.1in 17.96m 58ft 11in
76° 15.8m 51ft 10in 12.12m 39ft 9in 6.01m 19ft 8.7in 0.23m 0ft 9.2in 17.62m 54ft 7.6in 17.45m 57ft 2.8in
Turning Radii - No Slip Angle

Figure 4.2
Section 4
Page 4-3
w-apm2259

May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
4.3. MINIMUM TURNING RADII
R5
R6
R3
76 °
(RUNWAY MINIMUM WIDTH)
R1
R 11.78 m
38ft 8in
18.04 m
59ft 2in
R2
R 5.45 m
17ft 11in
NOTE:
ACTUAL OPERATING DATA MAY BE GREATER THAN VALUES SHOWN
SINCE TIRE SLIPPAGE IS NOT CONSIDERED IN THESE CALCULATIONS.
NOSE LANDING
STEERING NOSE OUTBOARD GEAR RIGHT WINGLET RIGHT TAILTIP
GEAR
ANGLE
EM170APM040022E.DGN
R1 R2 R3 R5 R6
76° 15.8m 51ft 10in 12.07m 39ft 7in 5.97m 19ft 7in 16.58m 54ft 4.7in 17.45m 57ft 2.8in
1 THEORETICAL CENTER OF TURN FOR MINIMUN RADIUS.

SHOWS CONTINUOUS TURNING WITH ENGINE THRUST AS REQUIRED.
NO DIFFERENTIAL BRAKING.
Minimum Turning Radius

Figure 4.3
Section 4
Page 4-4
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
R5
R6
R3
76 °
(RUNWAY MINIMUM WIDTH)
R1
R 11.78 m
38ft 8in
18.04 m
59ft 2in
R2
R 5.45 m
17ft 11in
NOTE:
ACTUAL OPERATING DATA MAY BE GREATER THAN VALUES SHOWN
SINCE TIRE SLIPPAGE IS NOT CONSIDERED IN THESE CALCULATIONS.
NOSE LANDING
STEERING NOSE OUTBOARD GEAR RIGHT WINGTIP RIGHT TAILTIP
GEAR
ANGLE
EM170APM040024B.DGN
R1 R2 R3 R5 R6
76° 15.8m 51ft 10in 12.07m 39ft 7in 5.97m 19ft 7in 17.62m 57ft 9.5in 17.45m 57ft 2.8in
1 THEORETICAL CENTER OF TURN FOR MINIMUN RADIUS.

SHOWS CONTINUOUS TURNING WITH ENGINE THRUST AS REQUIRED.
NO DIFFERENTIAL BRAKING.
Minimum Turning Radius

Figure 4.4
Section 4
Page 4-5
w-apm2259

May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
4.4. VISIBILITY FROM COCKPIT
VISUAL ANGLE IN PLANE

PARALLEL TO LONGITUDINAL
AXIS THROUGH PILOT’S EYE
POSITION
PILOT’S EYE POSITION
27.8°
3.91 m
(12 ft 10 in.) 15°
CL FUS HOR
0.75 m
(2 ft 6 in.)
REF. GROUND (BOW)
2.92 m
(9 ft 7 in.)
14.58 m
(47 ft 10 in.)
MAXIMUM AFT VISION PILOT’S EYE POSITION

WITH HEAD ROTATED
ABOUT SPINAL COLUMN
0.53 m
(1 ft 9 in.)
120.6°
0.53 m
(1 ft 9 in.) PILOT’S EYE POSITION
VISUAL ANGLE IN PLANE
PERPENDICULAR TO LONGITUDINAL
AXIS THROUGH PILOT’S EYE POSITION
EM170APM040006C.DGN
27.5°
28.1°
Visibility from Cockpit in Static Position

Figure 4.5
Section 4
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 4-6
w-apm2259
Oct 07/13
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
4.5. RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY DIMENSIONS
To determine the minimum dimensions for runway and taxiway where the aircraft can be operated, the
reference code of the aircraft must be determined.
The reference code of a specific aircraft is obtained in accordance with the Aerodrome Design and
Operations - Volume 1, by the ICAO.
The code is composed of two elements which are related to the aircraft performance characteristics and
dimensions:
• Element 1 is a number based on the aircraft reference field length.
• Element 2 is a letter based on the aircraft wingspan and outer main landing gear wheel span.
The table below shows the reference codes:
Table 4.1 - Reference Codes

CODE ELEMENT 1 CODE ELEMENT 2
AIRCRAFT REFER- OUTER MAIN
CODE NUMBER ENCE FIELD CODE LETTER WING SPAN LANDING GEAR
LENGTH WHEEL SPAN
Less than 800 m Up to 15 m Up to 4.5 m
1 A
(2624 ft 8 in) (49 ft 3 in) (14 ft 9 in)
800 m (2624 ft 8 in)
15 m (49 ft 3 in) to 4.5 m (14 ft 9 in) to
2 up to B
24 m (78 ft 9 in) 6 m (19 ft 8 in)
1200 m (3937 ft)
1200 m (3937 ft) up
to 24 m (78 ft 9 in) to 6 m (19 ft 8 in) to
3 C
1800 m (5905 ft 6 36 m (118 ft 1 in) 9 m (29 ft 6 in)
in)
1800 m
36 m (118 ft 1 in) to 9 m (29 ft 6 in) to
4 (5905 ft 6 in) and D
52 m (170 ft 7 in) 14 m (45 ft 11 in)
over
52 m (170 ft 7 in) to 9 m (29 ft 6 in) to
E
65 m (213 ft 3 in) 14 m (45 ft 11 in)
In accordance with the table, the reference code is:
• 3C for EMBRAER 175LR and 175SU with winglet.
• 4C for EMBRAER 175STD and 175LR with enhanced wing tip.
NOTE:
• Classification considering CF34-8E5A1 engines.
• This classification may change depending on aircraft engine model and takeoff weight.
With the reference code it is possible to obtain the limits of the runway and taxiway where the aircraft
can be operated.
For reference code 3C the limits are:
• The width of a runway should not be less than 30 m (98 ft 5 in).
• The width of a taxiway should not be less than 15 m (49 ft 2 in).
Section 4
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 4-7
w-apm2259
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
• The design of the curve in a taxiway should be such that, when the cockpit remains over the taxiway
center line marking, the clearance distance between the outer main landing gear wheels of the
aircraft and the edge of the taxiway should not be less than 3 m (9 ft 10 in).
• The clearance between a parked aircraft and one moving along the taxiway in a holding bay should
not be less than 15 m (49 ft 3 in).
With the reference code it is possible to obtain the limits of the runway and taxiway where the aircraft
can be operated.
For reference code 4C the limits are:
• The width of a runway should not be less than 45 m (147 ft 7.6 in).
• The width of a taxiway should not be less than 15 m (49 ft 2 in).
• The design of the curve in a taxiway should be such that, when the cockpit remains over the taxiway
center line marking, the clearance distance between the outer main landing gear wheels of the
aircraft and the edge of the taxiway should not be less than 3 m (9 ft 10 in).
• The clearance between a parked aircraft and one moving along the taxiway in a holding bay should
not be less than 15 m (49 ft 3 in).
Section 4
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 4-8
w-apm2259
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
30 m
(98 ft 5 in.)
NOTE:
COORDINATE WITH AIRLINE OPERATOR
FOR THE SPECIFIC PLANNED OPERATING
PROCEDURE.
NOSE LANDING GEAR STEERING ANGLE IS

45° APPROXIMATELY 15.
15 m
100 ft Radius (49 ft 2 in.)
(30 m)
EM170APM040002.DGN
PATH OF MAIN LANDING

GEAR TIRE EDGE
More than 90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway

Figure 4.6
Section 4
Page 4-9
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
45 m
(147 ft 7.6 in.)
NOTE:
PROCEDURE.

45° APPROXIMATELY 15.
15 m
100 ft RADIUS (49 ft 2 in.)
(30 m)
EM170APM040011A.DGN

GEAR TIRE EDGE
More than 90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway

Figure 4.7
Section 4
Page 4-10
w-apm2259

May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
NOTE:
30 m FOR THE SPECIFIC PLANNED OPERATING
(98 ft 5 in.) PROCEDURE.

APPROXIMATELY 30.
100 ft Radius
(30 m)
90°
15 m
(49 ft 2 in.)
100 ft Radius
(30 m)
EM170APM040003.DGN

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway

Figure 4.8
Section 4
Page 4-11
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
NOTE:
45 m FOR THE SPECIFIC PLANNED OPERATING
(147 ft 7.6 in.) PROCEDURE.

APPROXIMATELY 30.
100 ft RADIUS
(30 m)
90°
15 m
(49 ft 2 in.)
100 ft RADIUS
(30 m)

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
EM170APM040012A.DGN
90° Turn - Runway to Taxiway

Figure 4.9
Section 4
Page 4-12
w-apm2259

May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
15 m NOTE:
(49 ft 2 in.) COORDINATE WITH AIRLINE OPERATOR
PROCEDURE.

APPROXIMATELY 28.
90°
15 m
(49 ft 2 in.)
100 ft Radius
(30 m)
3m
(9 ft 10 in.)
EM170APM040004.DGN

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
90° Turn - Taxiway to Taxiway

Figure 4.10
Section 4
Page 4-13
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
4.6. RUNWAY HOLDING BAY
RUNWAY
30 m
(98 ft 5 in.)
MINIMUM
CLEARENCES
15 m 75 m
(49 ft 2 in.) (246 ft)
3m
(9 ft 10 in.)
3m
(9 ft 10 in.)

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
TAXIWAY
15 m
EM170APM040005.DGN
(49 ft 2 in.)

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
Runway Holding Bay

Figure 4.11
Section 4
Page 4-14
w-apm2259
PRE-MOD SB 170-57-0058/02
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
RUNWAY
45 m
(147 ft 7.6 in.)
MINIMUM
CLEARENCES
15 m 75 m
(49 ft 2 in.) (246 ft)
3m
(9 ft 10 in.)
3m
(9 ft 10 in.)

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
TAXIWAY
15 m
EM170APM040014A.DGN
(49 ft 2 in.)

GEAR TIRE EDGE.
Runway Holding Bay

Figure 4.12
Section 4
Page 4-15 / 16
w-apm2259

May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5. TERMINAL SERVICING
During turnaround at the air terminal, certain services must be performed on the aircraft, usually within
a given time to meet flight schedules. This section shows service vehicle arrangements, schedules,
locations of servicing points, and typical servicing requirements. The data presented herein reflect ideal
conditions for a single aircraft. Servicing requirements may vary according to the aircraft condition and
airline operational (servicing) procedures.
• The typical arrangements of equipment during turnaround;
• The typical turnaround servicing time at an air terminal;
• The locations of ground servicing connections in graphic and tabular forms;

• The typical sea level air pressure and flow requirements for starting the engine;
• The air conditioning requirements;
• The ground towing requirements for various towing conditions. Towbar pull and total traction wheel
load may be determined by considering aircraft weight, pavement slope, coefficient of friction, and
engine idle thrust.
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-1
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.1. AIRCRAFT SERVICING ARRANGEMENT
(M)
35
6
110
4 4
100
30
8
90
3
25
80 3 5
5
70
LENGTH − m
LENGTH − ft
20
60
50 15
40
10
30 11
20
2 2
5
10
7
09
10
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
LENGTH − m
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

LENGTH − ft
SERVICING ARRANGEMENT
02 − PASSENGER STAIRS
03 − CARGO LOADER
04 − BAGGAGE / CARGO TROLLEY AND TUG
EM170APM050019A.DGN
05 − GALLEY SERVICE VEHICLE

06 − FUEL SERVICE
07 − POTABLE WATER
08 − LAVATORY SERVICE VEHICLE
09 − AIR CONDITIONING UNIT
10 − PNEUMATIC STARTER
11 − GROUND POWER UNIT
Aircraft Servicing Arrangement With Passenger Stairs

Figure 5.1
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-2
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
(M)
35
6
110
4 4
100
30
8
90
3
25
80 3 5
5
70
LENGTH − m
LENGTH − ft
20
60
50 15
40
10
30
1
20
2
5
10
7
9
10
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
LENGTH − m
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

LENGTH − ft
SERVICING ARRANGEMENT
01 − PASSENGER BRIDGE.
02 − PASSENGER STAIRS.
03 − CARGO LOADER.
04 − BAGGAGE / CARGO TROLLEY AND TUG.
EM170APM050020A.DGN
05 − GALLEY SERVICE VEHICLE.

06 − FUEL SERVICE.
07 − POTABLE WATER.
08 − LAVATORY SERVICE VEHICLE.
09 − AIR CONDITIONING UNIT.
10 − PNEUMATIC STARTER.
Aircraft Servicing Arrangement With Passenger Bridge

Figure 5.2
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-3
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.2. TERMINAL OPERATIONS - TURNAROUND STATION
This section presents the typical turnaround servicing time at an air terminal. The chart gives typical
schedules for servicing the aircraft within a given time.
The time of each service in the chart was calculated taking the following into consideration:
• Load factor - 100%;
• Passenger deplane - 24 pax/min;
• Passenger enplane - 16 pax/min;

• Baggages checked per passenger - 1,2;
• Refuel (fuel quantity) - 80%;
• Flow - 290 gpm;
• Potable water - 70% to be refilled (56 );
• Galley service FWD and aft sequence - in parallel;
• Toilet type - vacuum;
• Baggages unloading/loading FWD/aft sequence - in parallel;
• Only FWD passenger door to be used to deplane and enplane passengers.
Servicing times could be rearranged to suit availability of personnel, aircraft configuration, and degree of
servicing required.
The data illustrates the general scope and tasks involving airport terminal operations. Airline particular
practices and operating experience will result in different sequences and intervals.
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-4
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
ELAPSED TIME
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
(MINUTES)
OPERATIONS min.
BRIDGE/STAIRS POSITIONING 1,0
PASSENGERS DEPLANE 3,3
GALLEY SERVICING−FWD 6,0
PAX GALLEY SERVICING−AFT 6,0

SERVICES
AIRPLANE INTERIOR SERVICES 4,9
PASSENGERS ENPLANE 4,9
BRIDGE / STAIRS REMOVAL 1,0
PUSH BACK / ENGINES START 2,0
FWD BAGGAGE / CARGO UNLOAD 3,6
REAR BAGGAGE / CARGO UNLOAD 2.7
BAGGAGE TIME BETWEEN UNLOADING / LOADING 0,5

& CARGO
FWD BAGGAGE/CARGO LOAD 5,8
AFT BAGGAGE/CARGO LOAD 4,4
FUEL SERVICE 8,5
AIRCRAFT 3,0
POTABLE WATER SERVICE
SERVICING
TOILET SERVICE 5,0
LEGEND:
TRUCK POSITIONING/REMOVAL/SETTINGS
EM170APM050021B.DGN
NOTE:
THIS DATA ILLUSTRATES THE GENERAL SCOPE AND TASKS INVOLVING

AIRPORT TERMINAL OPERATIONS.
AIRLINE PARTICULAR PRACTICES AND OPERATING EXPERIENCE WILL
RESULT IN DIFFERENT SEQUENCES AND INTERVALS.
Air Terminal Operation - Turnaround Station

Figure 5.3
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-5
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.3. TERMINAL OPERATIONS - EN ROUTE STATION
Not Applicable
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-6
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.4. GROUND SERVICING CONNECTIONS
4 5
1 2 8
9
12
6
7
10 11 13 14
15
16 17
18
19 20
21
22
HEIGHT
COORD. X COORD. Y COORD. Z ABOVE
ITEM DESCRIPTION (mm)
(mm) (mm) GROUND
(mm)
1 PRESSURE REFUELING PANEL 14329.47 5702.96 −623.30 2473.41
2 GRAVITY REFUELING PORT (RH) 15627.69 7413.99 −243.75 2852.56
3 GRAVITY REFUELING PORT (LH) 15627.69 −7413.99 −243.75 2852.56
4 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 115 VAC 4146.90 −810.70 −1339.53 1760.30
5 FORWARD RAMP HEADSET 4164.44 −936.13 −1262.71 1837.12
6 STEERING SWITCH DISENGAGE 4136.97 −951.46 −1279.29 1820.55
7 WHEEL JACK POINT − NLG 4125.94 0.00 −2849.07 250.76
8 AIR COND. GROUND CONNECTION 11325.52 80.00 −1979.71 1117.93
9 ENGINE AIR STARTING (LOW PRESSURE UNIT) 11617.00 4.28 −2010.20 1087.34
10 GROUNDING POINT (ELECTRICAL) 15430.30 2560.25 −1343.60 1752.78
11 WHEEL JACK POINT− MLG (RH) 15318.29 2600.00 −2683.95 412.46
12 WHEEL JACK POINT− MLG (LH) 15318.29 −2600.00 −2683.95 412.46
13 HYD. SYS # 1 SERVICE PANEL 17398.37 −808.01 −1602.04 1493.73
14 HYD. SYS # 2 SERVICE PANEL 17398.37 808.01 −1602.04 1493.73
15 WATER SERVICING PANEL 23302.83 −329.37 −1178.74 1915.22
16 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 28 VDC 25862.65 −471.73 −605.30 2487.87
17 AFT RAMP HEADSET 26003.26 −449.47 −585.54 2507.59
18 OXYGEN SERVICING PANEL / BOTTLE 7400.34 1159.87 −961.05 2137.79
EM170APM050022C.DGN
19 FUEL TANK DRAIN VALVE (RH) 14191.00 398.47 −1413.71 1683.05

20 FUEL TANK DRAIN VALVE (LH) 14191.00 −398.47 −1413.71 1683.05
21 WASTE SERVICING PANEL 24225.01 349.20 −991.80 2101.87
NOTE:
THE GROUND CLEARANCES IN THE TABLE REFER TO THE AIRCRAFT WITH THE MINIMUM
OPERATING WEIGHT (MOW) = 22500 kg (CG FWD 7.0% CMA)
Ground Servicing Connections

Figure 5.4
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-7
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
2 4
1 5
8
9 12
6
7
3
10 11 14 13 15
16 17
18
19 20
21
22
HEIGHT
COORD. X COORD. Y COORD. Z ABOVE
ITEM DESCRIPTION (mm)
(mm) (mm) GROUND
(mm)
1 PRESSURE REFUELING PANEL 14329.47 5702.96 −623.30 2466.01
2 GRAVITY REFUELING PORT (RH) 15627.69 7413.99 −243.75 2835.89
3 GRAVITY REFUELING PORT (LH) 15627.69 −7413.99 −243.75 2835.89
4 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 115 VAC 4146.90 −810.70 −1339.53 1825.54
5 FORWARD RAMP HEADSET 4164.44 −936.13 −1262.71 1902.23
6 STEERING SWITCH DISENGAGE 4136.97 −951.46 −1279.29 1885.86
7 WHEEL JACK POINT − NLG 4116.74 0.00 −2914.51 250.82
8 AIR COND. GROUND CONNECTION 11325.52 80.00 −1979.71 1131.99
9 ENGINE AIR STARTING (LOW PRESSURE UNIT) 11617.00 4.28 −2010.20 1099.32
10 GROUNDING POINT (ELECTRICAL) 15430.30 2560.25 −1343.60 1737.54
11 WHEEL JACK POINT− MLG (RH) 15317.37 2600.00 −2667.98 414.03
12 WHEEL JACK POINT− MLG (LH) 15317.37 −2600.00 −2667.98 414.03
13 HYD. SYS # 1 SERVICE PANEL 17398.37 −808.01 −1602.04 1464.46
15 WATER SERVICING PANEL 23302.83 −329.37 −1178.74 1843.83
16 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 28 VDC 25862.65 −471.73 −605.30 2398.21
17 AFT RAMP HEADSET 26003.26 −449.47 −585.54 2416.93
18 OXYGEN SERVICING PANEL / BOTTLE 7400.34 1159.87 −961.05 2178.82
EM170APM050023A.DGN
19 FUEL TANK DRAIN VALVE (RH) 14191.00 398.47 −1413.71 1676.65

20 FUEL TANK DRAIN VALVE (LH) 14191.00 −398.47 −1413.71 1676.65
21 WASTE SERVICING PANEL 24225.01 349.20 −991.80 2023.91
NOTE:
THE GROUND CLEARANCES IN THE TABLE REFER TO THE AIRCRAFT WITH THE MINIMUM
OPERATING WEIGHT (MOW) = 22500 kg (CG REAR 27.0% CMA)
Ground Servicing Connections

Figure 5.5
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-8
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.5. ENGINE STARTING PNEUMATIC REQUIREMENTS
TABLE 1 − PNEUMATIC ENGINE START REQUIREMENTS

Ambient Temp Minimum Minimum
Altitude ft
°C (°F) Pressure psia Flow lb/min
SL − 40 (− 40) 48.0 95.1
SL 15 (59) 43.7 82.0
SL 49 (120) 40.7 73.7
9000 −40 (− 40) 37.7 74.5
9000 − 5 (23) 30.0 57.3
9000 13 (86) 28.9 53.4
13,000 −40 (− 40) 36.0 71.3
13,000 − 11 (12) 27.2 52.2
13,000 21.7 (71) 26.7 49.6
15,000 − 40 (− 40) 32.9 66.6
15,000 − 15 (5) 25.3 49.0
15,000 15 (59) 24.4 46.1
EM170APM050030B.DGN
Engine Starting Pneumatic Requirements

Figure 5.6
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-9
w-apm2259
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.6. GROUND PNEUMATIC POWER REQUIREMENTS
80
25
20 70
15 60
HEATING
CABIN TEMPERATURE (°C)
CABIN TEMPERATURE (°F)
10 50
Initial cabin temp: −32°C (−25°F)
5 40 Outside air temp: −40°C (−40°F)
Relative Humidity: 0%
0 No crew or passengers
30
No other heat load
−5
20 Bleed air from APU:
−10 87 kg/min. (192.0 lb/min.)
10 452 kPa (65.5 psia)
−15 2 operating packs (ECS)
0
−20
−10
−25
−20
−30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
TIME TO HEAT CABIN − min.
120
45
110
COOLING
CABIN TEMPERATURE (°C)
CABIN TEMPERATURE (°F)
40
Initial cabin temp: 47°C (116°F)
100 Outside air temp: 40°C (104°F)
Relative Humidity: 40%
35 No crew or passengers
No other heat load
90
Bleed air from APU:
30
56 kg/min. (122.9 lb/min.)
413 kPa (59.9 psia)
80 2 operating packs (ECS)
25
70
EM170APM050007B.DGN
20
60
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
TIME TO COOL CABIN − min.
Ground Pneumatic Power Requirements

Figure 5.7
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-10
w-apm2259
Oct 06/11
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
5.7. PRECONDITIONED AIRFLOW REQUIREMENTS
This subsection presents the following information:

• The air conditioning requirements for heating and cooling using ground conditioned air. The curves
show airflow requirements to heat or cool the aircraft at ambient conditions within a given time.
• The air conditioning heating and cooling requirements to maintain a constant cabin air temperature
using low-pressure conditioned air. This conditioned air is supplied through a ground air connection
directly to the passenger cabin, bypassing the air cycle machines.
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-11
w-apm2259
Oct 06/11
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
PRE - CONDITIONED AIRFLOW REQUIREMENTS
55 120
IDEAL OPERATION
SETTING
50 110
45 100
1
90
40
2
80
35
4
AIRFLOW - Kg/min
AIRFLOW - lb/min
70
30 3 5
60
6
25
50
20
40
15 203 mm H 2O (8 in H 2O)
30 PRESSURE AT GROUND
CONNECTION AT S.L.
10
20
5 10
0 0
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
INLET TEMPERATURE - ˚F
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
INLET TEMPERATURE - ˚C
AMBIENT TEMP ELECTRICAL CABIN TEMP

EXT LOAD
CONDITIONS LOAD OCCUPANTS
(˚C) (BTU/h) (˚C) (˚F)
(˚F) (BTU/h)
1 39 103 20952 12500 75 24 75
2 39 103 20952 12500 75 27 80
3 39 103 0 12500 4 21 70
4 -40 -40 0 0 4 24 75
EM170APM050008.DGN
5 -29 -20 0 0 4 24 75
6 -18 0 0 0 4 24 75
Preconditioned Airflow Requirements

Figure 5.8
Section 5
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 5-12
w-apm2259
Oct 06/11
w-apm2259
5.8.
GROUND TOWING REQUIREMENTS
) )
75
.75
(lb 37
kg (8 6 )
=0
− 0 00 9 36
NOTES: 38 7
HT 0( 7)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
G 00 95
LT
E
EI 36 (74
− STRAIGHT−LINE TOW W 0 7 )
= O
HA
S 00 54
34
P
− UNUSUAL BREAKAWAY S 70
0(
C
0
AS 0.8 R
CONDITIONS NOT SHOWN RO 20 8)
L RET
G 3 13
3000
A
T (66
ET
− COEFFICIENTS OF F 00
H
0 9)
(6614) 72
W T
P N
30
Y
FRICTION ( ) ARE RA 61
7
0(
R
0
AS CO
.5
RC 80 0)
D
ESTIMATED FOR AI 2 32
=0
0 (57
RUBBER−TIRED TOW 00 )
26 910
E
VEHICLES (52
T
00 )
240 501
RE
(48
00 )
NC
220 0 9 2
5 (44
CO
.4 00
200
ET
=0
W
2000
REFERENCE LINE
S
(4409) A IN
CH
W
O
GROUND TOWING REQUIREMENTS
SN
Figure 5.9
TOWBAR PULL − kg (lb)
1000 2
AIRPORT
(2204) =0.
OW
Ground Towing Requirements

N
R DS
HA
ICE =0.05
PLANNING MANUAL
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 0 1 2 0 1 2 3 4 5
(2204) (4409) (6614) (8818) (11023)
NUMBER OF PERCENT SLOPE (%)
TOTAL TRACTION WHEEL − kg (lb) ENGINES
(DRAWBAR PULL) BACKING AGAINST
IDLE THRUST
EM170APM050004A.DGN
Oct 06/11
Section 5
Page 5-13 / 14
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
6. OPERATING CONDITIONS
• The jet engine exhaust velocities and temperatures.
• The airport and community noise levels.
• The hazard areas.
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-1
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
6.1. ENGINE EXHAUST VELOCITIES AND TEMPERATURES
TAKEOFF POWER, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA +16.7°C, FNIN1 = 63685 N (14317 lbf)
HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND PLANE, Feet
5 16
A
4 14
B
12
3 10 C
Meters
8
2 6 D
4 F E
1
2
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
DISTANCE FROM CORE NOZZLE EXIT, Feet
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
DISTANCE FROM AIRPLANE CL − Feet
24 A
7
B
6 20
C
5 16
D
4 F E
Meters
12
3
8
2
4
1
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
VELOCITY m/s (ft/s)
MAX = 482.5 (1583)
EM170MFEP010005.DGN
A 15.2 (50)
B 30.5 (100)
C 60.9 (200)
D 121.9 (400)
E 243.8 (800)
F 457.2 (1500)
NOTE:
EXHAUST VELOCITY CONTOURS INCLUDE WORST CASE 20 kn HEADWIND WITH GROUND EFFECTS.
Jet Wake Velocity Profile - Takeoff Power

Figure 6.1
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-2
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
TAKEOFF POWER, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA +16.7°C, FNIN1 = 63685 N (14317 lbf)
HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND PLANE − Feet
5 16
A
4 14
12
3 10
Meters
8 B
2 6
4 E D C
1
2
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
DISTANCE FROM CORE NOZZLE EXIT − Feet
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
24
7 A
6 20
5 16 B
Meters
4 E D C
12
3
8
2
4
1
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
TOTAL TEMPERATURE
MAX = 689°C (1273°F)
EM170MFEP010006.DGN
°C °F
A 38 100
B 66 150
C 93 200
D 204 400
E 582 900
NOTE:
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE CONTOURS INCLUDE WORST CASE 20 kn HEADWIND.
Jet Wake Temperature Profile - Takeoff Power

Figure 6.2
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-3
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
GROUND IDLE, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA +16.7°C, FNIN1 = 3785 N (851 lbf)
5 16
4 14
12 A
3 10
Meters
8
2 6 B
4 D C
1
2
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
24
7
20 A
6
5 16
B
Meters
4 D C
12
3
8
2
4
1
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
VELOCITY m/s (ft/s)
MAX = 89.0 (292)
EM170MFEP010007.DGN
A 15.2 (50)
B 30.5 (100)
C 45.7 (150)
D 76.2 (250)
NOTE:
Jet Wake Velocity Profile - Ground Idle

Figure 6.3
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-4
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
GROUND IDLE, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA +16.7°C, FNIN1 = 3785 N (851 lbf)
5 16
4 14
12 A
3 10
Meters
8
2 6
4 E D C B
1
2
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
24
7
6 20 A
5 16
4 E D C B
Meters
12
3
8
2
4
1
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
TOTAL TEMPERATURE
MAX = 519°C (966°F)
EM170MFEP010008.DGN
°C °F
A 38 100
B 66 150
C 93 200
D 204 400
E 582 900
NOTE:
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE CONTOURS INCLUDE WORST CASE 20 kn HEADWIND.
Jet Wake Temperature Profile - Ground Idle

Figure 6.4
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-5
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND PLANE, Feet

6
20
5
15 A
4
B
Meters
3 10
C
2
5
D
1
0 0 C
0 10 20 30 40 52 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
10
30
8
25
A
6 20
B
Meters
C
15
4 D
10
2
5
0 0
0 4 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
VELOCITY m/s (ft/s) DISTANCE FROM CORE NOZZLE EXIT, Feet

MAX = 230.8 (757.3)
EM170APM060006A.DGN
A 15.2 (50)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
B 30.5 (100)
C 60.9 (200) Meters
D 121.9 (400)
NOTE:
Jet Wake Velocity Profile - Breakaway Power

Figure 6.5
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-6
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

6
20 F E D
5
4
15
Meters
3
10 C
2
1
5 B A
0
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Meters
E
F D C B
6 20
15
4 A
Meters
10
2
5
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

TOTAL TEMPERATURE
MAX = 495 °C (923 °F) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
°C °F
Meters
EM170APM060007A.DGN
A 38 100
B 66 150
C 93 200
D 121 250
E 149 300
F 177 350
NOTE:
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE CONTOURS INCLUDE WORST CASE 20 kn HEADWIND WITH GROUND EFFECTS.
Jet Wake Temperature Profile - Breakaway Power

Figure 6.6
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-7
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
6.2. AIRPORT AND COMMUNITY NOISE
Aircraft noise is a major concern for the airport and community planner. The airport is a basic element in
the community’s transportation system and, thus, is vital to its growth. However, the airport must also be
a good neighbor, and this can only be accomplished with proper planning. Since aircraft noise extends
beyond the boundaries of the airport, it is vital to consider the noise impact on the surrounding
communities.
Many means have been devised to provide the planner with a tool to estimate the impact of airport
operations. Too often they oversimplify noise to the point where the results become erroneous. Noise is
not a simple matter; therefore, there are no simple answers.
The cumulative noise contour is an effective tool. However, care must be exercised to ensure that the
contours, used correctly, estimate the noise resulting from aircraft operations conducted at an airport.
The size and shape of the single-event contours, which are inputs into the cumulative noise contours,
are dependent upon numerous factors. They include operational factors (aircraft weight, engine power
setting, airport altitude), atmospheric conditions (wind, temperature, relative humidity, surface condition),
and terrain.
6.2.1. External Certification Noise Levels
The aircraft comply with the Stage 3 / Chapter 3 noise limits set forth in 14 CFR Part 36, ICAO Annex 16,
Volume 1, Chapter 3, Amendment 7 and CTA RBHA 36.
6.2.2. Ramp Noise Levels
The ramp noise will not exceed 80 dBA (maximum) and 77 dBA (average) on the rectangular perimeter
of 20 m (65 ft 7 in) from the aircraft centerline, nose and tail, 90 dBA on the service positions and 80 dBA
on the passenger entrance positions resulting from operation of the APU (if fitted), ECS, equipment
cooling fans and vent fans, in any combination.
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-8
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
6.3. HAZARD AREAS
TAKEOFF POWER, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA +16.7° C, FNIN1 = 63685 N (14317 lbf)
132 m
(433 ft)
ENGINE EXHAUST HAZARD AREA

VELOCITY = 65 mph OR GREATER
= 29.0 m/s (95.3 ft/s)
2
1.8 m
EM170MFEP010001A.DGN
R=4.3 m (6 ft)
(14 ft)
NOTE:
NO ACCESS TO ENGINE ACCESSORIES AT TAKEOFF POWER.
1 EXHAUST HAZARD AREA − CONDITION: 20 kn HEADWIND WITH GROUND EFFECTS.
2 INLET HAZARD AREA − CONDITION: 20 kn HEADWIND/CROSSWIND BASED ON 12.2 m/s

(40 ft/s) CRITICAL VELOCITY WITH 0.9 m (3 ft) CONTINGENCY FACTOR.
Hazard Areas - Takeoff Power

Figure 6.7
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-9
w-apm2259
May 11/07
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
GROUND IDLE, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA+16.7° C, FNIN1 = 3785 N (851 lbf)
ENGINE EXHAUST HAZARD AREA

VELOCITY = 65 mph OR GREATER
= 29.0 m/s (95.3 ft/s)
26 m
(86 ft)
2.6 m
R=2.5 m (8.6 ft)
(8.3 ft)
EM170MFEP010002A.DGN
1 INLET HAZARD AREA − CONDITION: 20 kn HEADWIND/CROSSWIND/TAILWIND BASED

ON 12.2 m/s (40 ft/s) CRITICAL VELOCITY WITH 0.9 m (3 ft) CONTINGENCY FACTOR.
2 EXHAUST HAZARD AREA − CONDITION: 20 kn HEADWIND WITH GROUND EFFECTS.
Hazard Areas - Ground Idle

Figure 6.8
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-10
w-apm2259
Oct 07/10
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
BREAKAWAY POWER, SEA LEVEL, Tamb = ISA +16.7° C, FNIN1 = 2328 DAN (5233 lbf)
Engine Exhaust Hazard Area

Velocity = 65 MPH or greater
= 29.0 M/sec (95.3 ft/sec)
121 m
(397 ft)
2
1.8 m
(6.0 ft)
R= 4.3 m
EM170APM060011A.DGN
(14.0 ft)
NOTE:
NO ACCESS TO ENGINE ACCESSORIES AT BREAKAWAY POWER.
1 EXHAUST HAZARD AREA − CONDITION: 20 knot HEADWIND WITH GROUND EFFECTS.
2 INLET HAZARD AREA − CONDITION: 20 knot HEADWIND/CROSSWIND BASED ON 40 ft/sec

CRITICAL VELOCITY WITH 0.9 m (3 ft) CONTINGENCY FACTOR.
Hazard Areas - Breakaway Power

Figure 6.9
Section 6
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 6-11 / 12
w-apm2259
Oct 07/10
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7. PAVEMENT DATA
Pavement is defined as a structure consisting of one or more layers of processed materials.

The primary function of a pavement is to distribute concentrated loads so that the supporting capacity of
the subgrade soil is not exceeded. The subgrade soil is defined as the material on which the pavement
rests, whether embankment or excavation.
Several methods for design of airport pavements have been developed that differ considerably in their
approach.
The design methods are derived from observation of pavements in service or experimental pavements.
Thus, the reliability of any method is proportional to the amount of experimental verification behind the
method, and all methods require a considerable amount of common sense and judgment on the part of
the engineer who applies them.
A brief description of the following pavement charts will be helpful in their use for airport planning. Each
aircraft configuration is depicted with a minimum range of five loads imposed on the main landing gear
to aid in the interpolation between the discrete values shown. The tire pressure used for the aircraft
charts will produce the recommended tire deflection with the aircraft loaded to its maximum ramp weight
and with center of gravity position. The tire pressure, where specifically designated in tables and charts,
are values obtained under loaded conditions as certified for commercial use.
This section is presented as follows:
• The basic data on the landing gear footprint configuration, maximum design ramp loads, and tire
sizes and pressures.
• The maximum pavement loads for certain critical conditions at the tire-ground interfaces.
• A chart in order to determine the loads throughout the stability limits of the aircraft at rest on the
pavement. Pavement requirements for commercial aircraft are customarily derived from the static
analysis of loads imposed on the main landing gear struts. These main landing gear loads are used
to enter the pavement design charts which follow, interpolating load values where necessary.
• The flexible pavement curves prepared in accordance with the US Army Corps of Engineers Design
Method and the LCN Method.
• The rigid pavement design curves in accordance with the Portland Cement Association Design
Method and the LCN Method.
• The aircraft ACN values for flexible and rigid pavements.
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-1
w-apm2259
Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.2. FOOTPRINT
AIRCRAFT MODELS
STD LR
37660 kg 38950 kg
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT (83026 lb) (85870 lb)
NOSE GEAR TIRE SIZE 24 x 7.7
7.17 − 0 / + 0.7 kg/cm ²

NOSE GEAR TIRE PRESSURE
(102 − 0 / +10 psi)
MAIN GEAR TIRE SIZE H38 x 13−18

9.56 − 0 / + 0.7 kg/cm ²
MAIN GEAR TIRE PRESSURE
(136 − 0 / +10 psi)
0.71 m
(2 ft 4 in.)
11.40 m
(37 ft 5 in.)
5.2 m
(17 ft 1 in.)
0.40 m
(1 ft 4 in.)
EM170APM070042A.DGN
Footprint
Figure 7.1
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-2
w-apm2259
Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.3. MAXIMUM PAVEMENT LOADS
LEGEND: VNG = MAXIMUM VERTICAL NOSE GEAR GROUND LOAD AT MOST FORWARD C.G.
V = MAXIMUM VERTICAL MAIN GEAR GROUND LOAD AT MOST AFT C.G.

MG
H = MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL GROUND LOAD FROM BRAKING
NOTE: ALL LOADS CALCULATED USING AIRCRAFT MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT
H
V VMG
NG
V
NG VMG (PER STRUT) H (PER STRUT)
MAXIMUM STEADY STEADY

RAMP INSTANTANEOUS
STATIC AT MOST BRAKING BRAKING BRAKING
WEIGHT STATIC AT MOST
MODEL FORWARD C.G. WITH WITH (FRICTION
AFT C.G.
DECELERATION OF DECELERATION OF COEF. OF 0.8)
3,0 m/sec 2 3,0 m/sec 2
38950 kg 4768 kgf 6896 kgf 18509 kgf 5397 kgf 12737 kgf
LR (10432 lbf) (40805 lbf) (28080 lbf)
(85870 lb) (15203 lbf) (11898 lbf)
37660 kg 4732 kgf 6787 kgf 17922 kgf 5225 kgf 12328 kgf
STD (10432 lbf) (14963 lbf) (39511 lbf) (11519 lbf) (27179 lbf)
(83026 lb)
EM170APM070043A.DGN
Maximum Pavement Loads

Figure 7.2
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-3
w-apm2259
Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.4. LANDING GEAR LOADING ON PAVEMENT
7.0% 27.0%
% CMA
90000
40000
90000
38000
80000 38950
36000 37660 80000
WEIGHT ON MAIN LANDING GEARS − (kg)
WEIGHT ON MAIN LANDING GEAR − (lb)
70000 34000
AIRCRAFT GROSS WEIGHT − (kg)

35000
AIRCRAFT GROSS WEIGHT − (lb)

70000
32000
32500
60000
30000 60000
30000
28000
50000
50000
26000 27500
40000 24000 25000

40000
22000
22500
30000 MOW
20000 30000
18000
20000 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 20000
PERCENT OF WEIGHT ON MAIN LANDING GEARS − (%)
LEGEND
LR AIRCRAFT MODEL
EM170APM070044B.DGN
STD AIRCRAFT MODEL
Landing Gear Loading on Pavement

Figure 7.3
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-4
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.5. FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT REQUIREMENTS, U.S. CORPS OF ENGINEERS DESIGN

METHOD
The flexible pavement curves are based on the procedures set forth in Instruction Report No. S-77-1,
“Procedures for Development of CBR Design Curves”, dated June 1977, and modified according to the
methods described in FAA Advisory Circular 150/5320-6D, “Airport Pavement Design and Evaluation”,
dated July 7, 1995. Instruction Report No. S-77-1 was prepared by the US Army Corps of Engineers
Waterways Experiment Station, Soils and Pavements Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi. The line
showing 10,000 coverages is used to calculate ACN.
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-5
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
SUBGRADE STRENGHT − CBR MODEL

NOTES: TIRE SIZE: H38 x 13−18 18 PR
TIRE PRESSURE: 9.56 kgf/cm² (136 psi)
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30
WEIGHT ON MAIN
LANDING GEAR
(kg) (lb)
38950 (85870)
38790 (85517)
34000 (74957)
22500 (49604)
10000 COVERAGES
(USED FOR ACN
CALCULATIONS)
ANNUAL
DEPARTURES
1200
3200
6000
15000
25000
EM170APM070046A.DGN
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT THICKNESS − in
8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT THICKNESS − cm
Flexible Pavement Requirements - US Army Corps of Engineers Design Method

Figure 7.4
Section 7
Page 7-6
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.6. FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT REQUIREMENTS, LCN METHOD
The LCN method presents curves for flexible pavements. They have been built using procedures and
curves in the ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 3 - Pavements, Document 9157-AN/901, 1983. The
same chart includes the data of equivalent single-wheel load versus pavement thickness.
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-7
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

EQUIVALENT SINGLE WHEEL LOAD − (kg)

EQUIVALENT SINGLE WHEEL LOAD − (lb)
40000
WEIGHT ON MAIN 16000
LANDING GEAR 38790 (85517)
30000 14000
kg (lb)
12000
5870)
38950 (8
10000
20000 4957)
34000 (7
8000
04)
22 500 (496
6000
10000
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 20 30 40 50
100
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT THICKNESS − (cm) LCN − LOAD CLASSIFICATION NUMBER
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT THICKNESS − (in.)
NOTES:
EQUIVALENT SINGLE WHEEL LOADS
ARE DERIVED BY METHODS SHOWN
EM170APM070048A.DGN
IN ICAO AERODROME MANUAL.

PART 2, PAR. 4.1.3
Flexible Pavement Requirements - LCN Method

Figure 7.5
Section 7
Page 7-8
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.7. RIGID PAVEMENT REQUIREMENTS, PORTLAND CEMENT ASSOCIATION DESIGN

METHOD
This method has a chart that has been prepared with the use of the Westergaard Equation in general
accordance with the procedures outlined in the 1955 edition of “Design of Concrete Airport Pavement”
published by the Portland Cement Association, 33 W. Grand Ave., Chicago 10, Illinois, but modified to
the new format described in the 1968 Portland Cement Association publication, “Computer Program for
Concrete Airport Pavement Design” by Robert G. Packard. The following procedure is used to develop
rigid pavement design curves such as those shown in the chart:
• Once the scale for the pavement thickness to the left and the scale for allowable working stress to the
right have been established, an arbitrary load line is drawn representing the main landing gear
maximum weight to be shown.
• All values of the subgrade modulus (k-values) are then plotted.
• Additional load lines for the incremental values of weight on the main landing gear are then
established on the basis of the curve for k=300, already established.
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-9
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
RIGID PAVEMENT REQUIREMENTS
NOTES: TIRE SIZE: H38 x 13−18 18PR

TIRE PRESSURE: 9.56 kgf/cm² (136 psi) (UNLOADED)
24
60 60 850
22 800
55 55
)
870 750
85
20 0(
50 8 95 50
700
3 ) 7)
0) 7 95
(lb
) 87 51 74
k=550 lb/in g (85 (85 0(
18 −k 95
0 0 0 0 650
45 AR 79 34 45
38 38
ALLOWABLE WORKING STRESS − kgf/cm²

k=300 lb/in GE
G
ALLOWABLE WORKING STRESS − psi

N DIN 600
16 40 LA 40
AIN
PAVEMENT THICKNESS (cm)
PAVEMENT THICKNESS (in.)
k=150 lb/in 550

NM
TO )
k=75 lb/in H 04
14 35 W EIG ( 496 35 500
00
225
450
12 30 30
400
10 25 25 350
300
8 20 20
250
6 15 15
200
4 10 10 150
MAXIMUM POSSIBLE MAIN−GEAR
LOAD AT MAXIMUM DESIGN RAMP 100
WEIGHT AND AFT C.G.
2 5 5
50
0 0 0 0
EM170APM070050A.DGN
NOTE: THE VALUES OBTAINED BY USING THE

MAXIMUM LOAD REFERENCE LINE AND
ANY VALUE OF "K" ARE EXACT. FOR
LOADS LESS THAN MAXIMUM, THE CURVES
ARE EXACT FOR K=300 BUT DEVIATE
SLIGHTLY FOR OTHER VALUES OF "K".
Rigid Pavement Requirements - Portland Cement Association Design Method

Figure 7.6
Section 7
Page 7-10
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.8. RIGID PAVEMENT REQUIREMENTS, LCN METHOD
This LCN Method presents curves for rigid pavements. They have been built using procedures and
curves in ICAO Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 3 - Pavements, Document 9157-AN/901, 1983. The
same chart includes the data of equivalent single-wheel load versus radius of relative stiffness.
To determine the aircraft weight that can be accommodated on a particular rigid airport pavement, both
the LCN of the pavement and the radius of relative stiffness must be known.
The radius of relative stiffness values is obtained from a table. This table presents the radius of relative
stiffness values based on Young’s modulus (E) of 4,000,000 psi and Poisson’s ratio (µ) of 0.15.
For convenience in finding this radius based on other values of E and µ, the curves are included. For
example, to find an RRS value based on an E of 3,000,000 psi, the “E” factor of 0.931 is multiplied by
the RRS value found in figure 7.6.3. The effect of the variations of µ on the RRS value is treated in a
similar manner.
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-11
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
RADIUS OF RELATIVE STIFFNESS ( )

VALUES IN INCHES
4 Ed3 4 d3
= =24.1652
12( 1− 2 )k k
6
WHERE: E = YOUNG’S MODULUS = 4 x 10 psi
k = SUBGRADE MODULUS, lb/in.3
d = RIGID−PAVEMENT THICKNESS. in.
= POISSON’S RATIO = 0.15
d(in) k=75 k=100 k=150 k=200 k=250 k=300 k=350 k=400 k=500 k=550
6.0 31.48 29.30 26.47 24.63 23.30 22.26 21.42 20.72 19.59 19.13
6.5 33.43 31.11 28.11 26.16 24.74 23.64 22.74 22.00 20.80 20.31
7.0 35.34 32.89 29.72 27.65 26.15 24.99 24.04 23.25 21.99 21.47
7.5 37.22 34.63 31.29 29.12 27.54 26.32 25.32 24.49 23.16 22.61
8.0 39.06 36.35 32.85 30.57 28.91 27.62 26.58 25.70 24.31 23.74
8.5 40.88 38.04 34.37 31.99 30.25 28.91 27.81 26.90 25.44 24.84
9.0 42.67 39.71 35.88 33.39 31.58 30.17 29.03 28.08 26.55 25.93
9.5 44.43 41.35 37.36 34.77 32.89 31.42 30.23 29.24 27.65 27.00
10.0 46.18 42.97 38.83 36.14 34.17 32.65 31.42 30.39 28.74 28.06
10.5 47.90 44.57 40.28 37.48 35.45 33.87 32.59 31.52 29.81 29.11
11.0 49.60 46.16 41.71 38.81 36.71 35.07 33.75 32.64 30.87 30.14
11.5 51.28 47.72 43.12 40.13 37.95 36.26 34.89 33.74 31.91 31.16
12.0 52.94 49.27 44.52 41.43 39.18 37.44 36.02 34.84 32.95 32.17
12.5 54.59 50.80 45.90 42.72 40.40 38.60 37.14 35.92 33.97 33.17
13.0 56.22 52.32 47.27 43.99 41.61 39.75 38.25 36.99 34.99 34.16
13.5 57.83 53.82 48.63 45.26 42.80 40.89 39.35 38.06 35.99 35.14
14.0 59.43 55.31 49.98 46.51 43.98 42.02 40.44 39.11 36.99 36.12
14.5 61.02 56.78 51.31 47.75 45.16 43.15 41.51 40.15 37.97 37.08
15.0 62.59 58.25 52.63 48.98 46.32 44.26 42.58 41.19 38.95 38.03
15.5 64.15 59.70 53.94 50.20 47.47 45.36 43.64 42.21 39.92 38.98
16.0 65.69 61.13 55.24 51.41 48.62 46.45 44.70 43.23 40.88 39.92
16.5 67.23 62.56 56.53 52.61 49.75 47.54 45.74 44.24 41.84 40.85
17.0 68.75 63.98 57.81 53.80 50.88 48.61 46.77 45.24 42.78 41.78
17.5 70.26 65.38 59.08 54.98 52.00 49.68 47.80 46.23 43.72 42.70
18.0 71.76 66.78 60.34 56.15 53.11 50.74 48.82 47.22 44.66 43.61
18.5 73.25 68.17 61.60 57.32 54.21 51.80 49.84 48.20 45.59 44.51
19.0 74.73 69.54 62.84 58.48 55.31 52.84 50.84 49.17 46.51 45.41
19.5 76.20 70.91 64.08 59.63 56.39 53.88 51.84 50.14 47.42 46.30
20.0 77.66 72.27 65.30 60.77 57.47 54.91 52.84 51.10 48.33 47.19
20.5 79.11 73.62 66.52 61.91 58.55 55.94 53.83 52.06 49.23 48.07
21.0 80.55 74.96 67.74 63.04 59.62 56.96 54.81 53.01 50.13 48.95
21.5 81.99 76.30 68.94 64.16 60.68 57.97 55.78 53.95 51.02 49.82
22.0 83.41 77.63 70.14 65.28 61.73 58.98 56.75 54.89 51.91 50.69
EM170APM070007.DGN
22.5 84.83 78.95 71.34 66.38 62.78 59.99 57.72 55.82 52.79 51.55
23.0 86.24 80.26 72.52 67.49 63.83 60.98 58.68 56.75 53.67 52.41
23.5 87.64 81.56 73.70 68.59 64.86 61.97 59.63 57.67 54.54 53.26
24.0 89.04 82.86 74.87 69.68 65.90 62.96 60.58 58.59 55.41 54.11
24.5 90.43 84.15 76.04 70.76 66.92 63.94 61.52 59.50 56.28 54.95
25.0 91.81 85.44 77.20 71.84 67.95 64.92 62.46 60.41 57.14 55.79
Radius of Relative Stiffness

Figure 7.7
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-12
w-apm2259
Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
1.10
EFFECT OF E ON −VALUES
1.05
1.00
0.95
E FACTOR
0.90
0.85
0.80
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
6
E, YOUNG’S MODULUS (10 ,PSI)
1.015
EFFECT OF ON −VALUES
1.010
1.005
FACTOR
1.000
0.995
0
EM170APM070008.DGN
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
, POISSON’S RATIO
NOTE: BOTH CURVES ON THIS PAGE ARE USED TO ADJUST THE −VALUES.
Radius of Relative Stiffness (other values)

Figure 7.8
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-13
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

40000
EQUIVALENT SINGLE WHEEL LOAD − (lb)
EQUIVALENT SINGLE WHEEL LOAD − (kg)

WEIGHT ON MAIN
LANDING GEAR 16000
kg (lb)
14000
30000
12000
70)
858
50 (
389
17)
855
90 ( 10000
387 )
4 957
20000 0 0 (7
340
8000
)
604
(49
00
225
6000
10000
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 10 20 30 40
RADIUS OF RELATIVE STIFFNESS − (cm) LCN − LOAD CLASSIFICATION NUMBER
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
RADIUS OF RELATIVE STIFFNESS − (in.)

EM170APM070052A.DGN
NOTES:
EQUIVALENT SINGLE WHEEL LOADS
ARE DERIVED BY METHODS SHOWN
IN ICAO AERODROME MANUAL.
PART 2, PAR. 4.1.3
Rigid Pavement Requirements - LCN Method

Figure 7.9
Section 7
Page 7-14
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Jun 29/06
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
7.9. ACN - PCN SYSTEM - FLEXIBLE AND RIGID PAVEMENTS
The ACN/PCN system as referenced in Amendment 35 to ICAO Annex 14, “Aerodromes”, provides a
standardized international aircraft/pavement rating system.
The PCN is an index rating of the mass that according to evaluation can be borne by the pavement
when applied by a standard single wheel. The ACN is established for the particular pavement type and
subgrade category of the rated pavement, as well as for the particular aircraft mass and characteristics.
An aircraft shall have an ACN equal to or less than the PCN to operate without restriction on the
pavement.
The method of pavement evaluation is left up to the airport, and the results of such evaluation are
presented as follows:
Table 7.1 - Pavement Evaluation

PAVEMENT
SUBGRADE CATEGORY TIRE PRESSURE CATEGORY METHOD
TYPE
R – Rigid A – High W – No Limit T – Technical
F – Flexible B – Medium X – to 1.5 Mpa (217 psi) U – Using aircraft
C – Low Y – to 1.0 Mpa (145 psi)
D – Ultra Low Z – to 0.5 Mpa (73 psi)
Report example: PCN 80/R/B/X/T, where:
80 = PCN
R = Pavement Type: Rigid
B = Subgrade Category: Medium
X = Tire Pressure Category: Medium (limited to 1.5 Mpa)
T = Evaluation Method: Technical
The flexible pavements have four subgrade categories:

A. High Strength - CBR 15.
B. Medium Strength - CBR 10.
C. Low Strength - CBR 6.
D. Ultra Low Strength - CBR 3.
The rigid pavements have four subgrade categories:
A. High Strength - Subgrade k = 150 MN/m3 (550 lb/in3).
B. Medium Strength - k = 80 MN/m3 (300 lb/in3).
C. Low Strength - k = 40 MN/m3 (150 lb/in3).
D. Ultra Low Strength - k = 20 MN/m3 (75 lb/in3).
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 7-15
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Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SUBGRADE

25
23 SBGRADE STRENGTH
ULTRA LOW − CBR=3%

21 LOW − CBR=6%
AIRCRAFT CLASSIFICATION NUMBER−ACN
MEDIUM−CBR=10%
HIGH−CBR=15%
19
17
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT

15
13
11
5
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000
37660
AIRCRAFT GROSS WEIGHT−kg
EM170APM070053A.DGN
44000 48000 52000 56000 60000 64000 68000 72000 76000 80000 84000 86000
AIRCRAFT GROSS WEIGHT−lb
ACN For Flexible Pavement

Figure 7.10
Section 7
Page 7-16
w-apm2259
MODEL
Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

30
SBGRADE STRENGTH
ULTRA LOW − CBR=3%

25 LOW − CBR=6%
MEDIUM−CBR=10%
HIGH−CBR=15%
20
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT

15
10
5
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000
37660
EM170APM070054A.DGN
44000 48000 52000 56000 60000 64000 68000 72000 76000 80000 84000 86000

Figure 7.11
Section 7
Page 7-17
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Oct 31/12
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
28
27
EMBRAER 175 AR − ACN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
26
25
24
ULTRA LOW (CBR = 3%)
LOW (CBR = 6%)
23 MEDIUM (CBR = 10%)
HIGH (CBR = 15%)
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
EM170APM070098A.DGN
8
22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
AIRCRAFT WEIGHT − kg

Figure 7.12
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 AR ACFT MODEL
Page 7-18
w-apm2259
OR POST-MOD SB 170-00-0016/01
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

30.0
25.0
ULTRA LOW (CBR=3%)
ACN − FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
LOW (CBR=6%)
MEDIUM (CBR=10%)
HIGH (CBR=15%)
20.0
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT

15.0
10.0
5.0
22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
38760
48000 52000 56000 60000 64000 68000 72000 76000 80000 84000 90000

EM170APM070103A.DGN

Figure 7.13
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 LL ACFT MODEL
Page 7-19
w-apm2259
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
RIGID PAVEMENT SUBGRADE

25
SBGRADE STRENGTH
ULTRA LOW − K=20 MN/m³ (75 lb/in³)

LOW − K=40 MN/m³ (150 lb/in³)
MEDIUM− K=80 MN/m³ (300 lb/in³)
20 HIGH− K=150 MN/m³ (550 lb/in³)
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT

15
10
5
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000
38950
EM170APM070055A.DGN
44000 48000 52000 56000 60000 64000 68000 72000 76000 80000 84000 86000
ACN For Rigid Pavement

Figure 7.14
Section 7
Page 7-20
w-apm2259
MODEL
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

30
SBGRADE STRENGTH

LOW − K=40 MN/m³ (150 lb/in³)
25
MEDIUM− K=80 MN/m³ (300 lb/in³)
HIGH− K=150 MN/m³ (550 lb/in³)
20
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT

15
10
5
20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000
38950
EM170APM070056A.DGN
44000 48000 52000 56000 60000 64000 68000 72000 76000 80000 84000 86000

Figure 7.15
Section 7
Page 7-21
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May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
26 EMBRAER 175 AR − ACN RIGID PAVEMENT
25
24 ULTRA LOW (K = 20 NM/m3)

LOW (K = 40 NM/m3)
23 MEDIUM (K = 80 NM/m3)
HIGH (K = 150 NM/m3)
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
EM170APM070099A.DGN
8
22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
AIRCRAFT WEIGHT − kg
50000 55000 60000 65000 70000 75000 80000 85000 90000

AIRCRAFT WEIGHT − lb

Figure 7.16
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 AR ACFT MODEL
Page 7-22
w-apm2259
OR POST-MOD SB 170-00-0016/01
May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL

30.0
SBGRADE STRENGTH
25.0
LOW − K=40 MN/m³ (150 lb/in³)
ACN − RIGID PAVEMENT
MEDIUM − K=80 MN/m³ (300 lb/in³)

HIGH − K=150 MN/m³ (550 lb/in³)
20.0
MAXIMUM RAMP WEIGHT

15.0
10.0
5.0
22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000
38760
48000 52000 56000 60000 64000 68000 72000 76000 80000 84000 90000

EM170APM070104A.DGN

Figure 7.17
Section 7
EFFECTIVITY: EMBRAER 175 LL ACFT MODEL
Page 7-23 / 24
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May 25/18
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
8. POSSIBLE EMBRAER 175 DERIVATIVE AIRCRAFT

8.1. NOT APPLICABLE
Section 8
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 8-1 / 2
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
9. SCALED DRAWINGS
9.1. GENERAL
This section provides plan views to the following scales:

• English/American Customary Weights and Measures
1 inch = 32 feet
1 inch = 50 feet
1 inch = 100 feet
• Metric
1:500
1:1000
Section 9
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 9-1
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Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
1 14
13 12 7
4 10
3
9
8
11 11
6 10
13 14
5
2
0 5 10 15 20 25 m
0 16 32 48 64 80 ft
WING SPAN:
25.99 m
(85 ft 3 in.)
ITEM DESCRIPTION ITEM DESCRIPTION

1 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 115 VAC 8 PRESSURE REFUELING / DEFUELING
EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 28 VDC GROUNDING POINT (RIGHT MLG)
EM170APM090016A.DGN
2 9
3 ENGINE AIR STARTING 10 CARGO DOOR
4 AIR CONDITIONING LOW PRESSURE 11 MAIN LANDING GEAR
5 WASTE SERVICING PANEL 12 NOSE LANDING GEAR
6 POTABLE WATER SERVICING PANEL 13 PASSENGER DOOR
7 OXYGEN REFILL / REPLACE BOTTLE 14 SERVICE DOOR
Scale: 1 Inch Equals 32 Feet

Figure 9.1
Section 9
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 9-2
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Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
12
1 14
13
7
4
3 10
9
8
11 11
6 10
13 14
2 5
0 5 10 15 20 25 m
0 16 32 48 64 80 ft
WING SPAN:
25.99 m
(85 ft 3 in.)

EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 28 VDC 9 GROUNDING POINT (RIGHT MLG)
EM170APM090017A.DGN
2

Figure 9.2
Section 9
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 9-3
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
1 12
13 14
4 7
3 10
11 9
8
6 10 11
13 14
2 5
0 5 10 15 20 25 m
0 16 32 48 64 80 ft
WING SPAN:
25.99 m
(85 ft 3 in.)

EM170APM090018A.DGN
2

Figure 9.3
Section 9
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 9-4
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Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
12
1
14
13
7
4
3 10
9
8
11 11
6 10
13 14
2 5
0 5 10 15 20 25 m
0 16 32 48 64 80 ft
WING SPAN:
25.99 m
(85 ft 3 in.)

2 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY 28 VDC 9 GROUNDING POINT (RIGHT MLG)
EM170APM090019A.DGN

Scale: 1 to 500
Figure 9.4
Section 9
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 9-5
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05
AIRPORT
PLANNING MANUAL
1 12
13 14
4 7
3 10
11 9
8
6 11
10
13 14
2 5
0 5 10 15 20 25 50 m
0 16 32 48 64 80 ft
WING SPAN:
25.99 m
(85 ft 3 in.)

EM170APM090020A.DGN
2
Scale: 1 to 1000
Figure 9.5
Section 9
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Page 9-6
w-apm2259
Jun 28/05

Airport Planning Manual: APM-2259 28 JUNE 2005

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EMBRAER S.A - P.O.

Copyright © 2018 by EMBRAER S.A. All rights reserved.

TO: HOLDERS OF PUBLICATION No. APM-2259 - ″AIRPORT PLANNING MANUAL″.

FRONT MATTER - REVISION No. 13 DATED MAY 25/2018

RETAIN THIS RECORD IN THE FRONT OF MANUAL OR CHAPTER.

RECORD OF TEMPORARY REVISIONS

Temporary Page Issued Date

TEMPORARY REVISION STATUS REPORT

S* INDICATES TR HAS BEEN SUPERSEDED BY THE TR REFERRED TO.

EFFECTIVITY: ALL TR STATUS REPORT

LIST OF SERVICE BULLETINS

SERVICE BULLETIN APM SECTION INCORPORATION

LIST OF SERVICE BULLETINS

Title 3-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 31/12

EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

5-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oct 06/11 9-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jun 28/05

EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

1. Scope .............................................................................................................................. 1-1

SECTION 2 - AIRCRAFT DESCRIPTION

2. Aircraft Description .......................................................................................................... 2-1

SECTION 3 - AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

3. Aircraft Performance ....................................................................................................... 3-1

SECTION 4 - GROUND MANEUVERING

4. Ground Maneuvering ....................................................................................................... 4-1

SECTION 5 - TERMINAL SERVICING

5. Terminal Servicing ........................................................................................................... 5-1

EFFECTIVITY: ALL TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 6 - OPERATING CONDITIONS

6. Operating Conditions ....................................................................................................... 6-1

SECTION 7 - PAVEMENT DATA

7. Pavement Data ............................................................................................................... 7-1

SECTION 8 - POSSIBLE EMBRAER 175 DERIVATIVE AIRCRAFT

8. Possible EMBRAER 175 Derivative Aircraft .................................................................... 8-1

SECTION 9 - SCALED DRAWINGS

9. Scaled Drawings ............................................................................................................. 9-1

EFFECTIVITY: ALL TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE TITLE SECTION PAGE

1.1 APM Arrangement .................................................................................. 01 1

2.1 Aircraft General Characteristics ............................................................. 02 2

2.2 Ground Clearance - STD Aircraft Model ................................................ 02 7

2.3 Ground Clearance - LR Aircraft Model................................................... 02 8

2.4 Ground Clearance - AR Aircraft Model .................................................. 02 9

2.5 Capacity of the Cargo Compartment ..................................................... 02 12

3.1 ISA .......................................................................................................... 03 1

4.1 Reference Codes.................................................................................... 04 7

7.1 Pavement Evaluation.............................................................................. 07 15

EFFECTIVITY: ALL LIST OF TABLES

FIGURE TITLE SHEET SECTION PAGE

2.1 General Aircraft Dimensions ................................................. 02 4

2.2 General Aircraft Dimensions ................................................. 02 5

2.3 Ground Clearances ............................................................... 02 6

2.4 Typical Interior Arrangements ............................................... 02 11

2.5 Economy Class Passenger Cabin Cross-Section................. 02 13

2.6 First Class Passenger Cabin Cross-Section......................... 02 14

2.7 Door Dimensions................................................................... 02 16

3.1 Payload x Range - ISA Conditions ....................................... 03 3

3.2 Payload x Range - ISA + 10 °C Conditions ......................... 03 4

3.3 Payload x Range - ISA Conditions ....................................... 03 5

3.4 Payload x Range - ISA + 10 °C Conditions ......................... 03 6