Imam Hasan

Al Askery (pbuh)

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   Year Age Event
1 December Birth of Imam Hasan Al Askery
846CE (pbuh) (Abu Muhammad) to
08/10th Rabi Imam Ali An Naqi, Al Hadi
ul Aakhir (pbuh) & Sayyida Saleel
232AH (Hudaytha, Sawsan) from
Nawbah in Southern Egypt in
Madina
Imam is one of 5 children – an
elder brother *Muhammad and
three younger siblings Husayn,
Ja’fer & Aliyya.
Imam and his brother Husayn
were known as Sibtayn – like
their great grandfathers Imam
Hasan & Husayn (pbuh)
847 CE 1 Mutawakkil was the khalifa
233 AH who had strong animosity
towards the Ahlul Bayt and as
such he ordered his men to
bring Imam al Hadi (17 years)
and his son to Samarrah (a
garrison town – army base)
from Madina. He imposed

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   Year Age Event
house arrest on the Imam and
had detectives and policeman
watching all his activities and
preventing the Shia from having
any contact with him. They
settle in the suburb of Askery
and thus the title. He is the only
Imam titled to the place where
he lived. (This practice
continued with Mujtahideen
who are known from where
they come)
850-851 CE 5 Mutawakkil destroys the
Sha’ban 237 shrines of Imam Ali (pbuh) and
AH Imam Husayn (pbuh) and
decrees that there will be no
visitations to Najaf and Karbala.
There are objections to this
order from Basrah, Kufa and
much of Iraq. There is much
blood shed

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   Year Age Event
860 CE 15 The reign of al-Mutawakkil was
247 AH ended by his son, al-Muntasir,
who joined forces with the
Turks to kill his father. Soon
after Mutawakkil is he is killed
by his own son Muntasir.
861 CE 16 Muntasir becomes the khalifa
248 AH and revokes all the rulings of
his father Mutawakkil. He
allows visitation to Karbala and
Najaf, and returns Fadak to the
progeny of Imam Hasan and
Husayn. He also stops the
campaign of harassments
against the Shia communities.
There is a little bit of respite for
the Imamayn.
Muntasir is killed within 6
months by a Turkish soldier.
862 CE – 866 17-21 Musta’een is the Khalifa who
CE had little political influence and
249 AH was considered by many to be a
tool controlled by the Turks.

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  Year Age Event
He hated Imam Hadi & Askery
feared that they might rise in a
revolt against the Abbasid rule.
They were thus again placed
under house arrest.
865 CE 20 *Imam’s brother Muhammad
252AH dies. Imam is distraught and
opens the top button of his
shirt contrary to Arab tradition.
When asked he said that this
was what Prophet Musa (pbuh)
did when Harun died. Syed
Muhammad (died at 23yrs)
buried in Balad (known for
answer of duas for the
childless).
866 CE 21 Mu’taz is the khalifa. Imam
253 AH Hadi arranges the marriage of
Imam Hasan Al Askery to Narjis
– a Roman princess who used
to be a Christian and converted
to Islam.

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  Year Age Event
The marriage is kept secret to
avoid potential trouble from
Banu Abbas who knew from a
hadith of the Prophet (pbuh)
that the birth of Imam Mahdi
(pbuh) was imminent.
867 CE 22 Imam Hadi (pbuh) is poisoned
254 AH and is buried in Samarrahh.
255 AH 23 Imam Muhammad Mahdi
(pbuh) born to Imam Hasan
Askery (pbuh) and Sayyida
Narjis
869 CE 24 Muhtadi is the khalifa who the
256 AH Turks choose after the death of
Mu’taz. He expels the singing
girls from court and brings
justice setting Umar ibn Abd al-
Aziz, the Umayyad Caliph, as his
model and exemplar. His reign,
however, lasted less than a year
and he is killed by the Turks at
the age of 38 years.

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  Year Age Event
870 CE 25 Mu’tamad is the khalifa – He is
257 AH the oldest surviving son of
Mutawakkil. A Chrisitian monk
causes rain to fall in a drought.
Imam is requested to clarify
situation as Muslims leaving
Umma. Imam resolves by
identifying that the priest has a
bone from a Prophet which
when exposed to the sky causes
rain to fall.
870 CE 25 Imam is placed under house
257 AH arrest and obliged to report to
court every Monday and
Thursday. He uses every
possible opportunity to
disseminate knowledge to
followers. Under house arrest
he writes two books
1. Tafseer Al Askery (Tafseer
of the Qur’an- He was the
first to systematize the
writing of Tafseer

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   Year Age Event
2. (He commented on the
Sura, then commented on
the Ayaat of that Sura, then
commented on each word
of that Aya and gave its
several possible meanings).
His works has been
emulated by other scholars
in that field up to the
present time.
Al Muqna’ (Jurisprudence (fiqh)
questions and answers) Maraje’
use this as a basis of their
learning.
867 – 874 CE 22-28 Imam strengthens the network
254 – 260 AH of representatives in
preparation of the ghayba of
Imam Al Mahdi (pbuh).
Communication is by writing,
because he was under house
arrest or detention.
When the circumstances were
less harsh, he received

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   Year Age Event
delegations from all over: be it
Qum, Basra, Kufa, Wasit,
Baghdad, Yemen, Egypt,
Khurasan, or other areas.
The greatest opposition was
from Shia who disputed over
allocation of khums and zakat.
Ali bin Ja’fer Humani and Faris
Qazwini. Faris disputed calling
army against Imam and
declaring that Imam’s brother
Ja’fer was Imam.
1 January 28 Poisoned by Mu’tamid, Imam
874 CE falls ill gets weaker by the day
08 Rabi ul and dies within 8 days. His
Awwal 260 Salaa ‘alal mayyit is led by his 5
AH year old son Imam Muhammad
Al Mahdi (pbuh) and he is
buried in the house in which his
father is buried.

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  IMAM HASAN AL-ASKERY (pbuh)

Name: Hasan
Title: Al-Askery
Kuniyya: Abu Muhammad
Father: Imam Ali Naqi (pbuh)
Mother: Sayyida Saleel (or Hudaitha or
Sawsan)
Birth: 8/10th Rabi-ul Aakher 232 A.H. in
Madina
Death: 8th Rabi-ul Awwal 260 A.H. in
Samarrah

Birth & Childhood

When he was born his father said that it was an
order from the prophet (pbuh) that he should be
named Hasan. It was so well known that the last
Imams father would be called Hasan that people
had previously looked for the 12th Imam amongst
the sons of Imam Hasan Al-Mujtaba (pbuh)
His mother was Saleel (or Hudaitha) who was a
slave of the 10th Imam whom he had freed and
subsequently married. The 10th Imam said of her
that she was one who was free from all vice and

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 pollution and that she was one of the righteous
ones. After the 11th Imam's martyrdom he left all
the "orders" of Imamat with her (his mother).

Once when Imam Hasan Al-Askery (pbuh) was a

young child he fell into a well near their house.
His father Imam Ali An-Naqi (pbuh) was praying
and didn't even notice the commotion around
him of the ladies crying. When he finished
praying and asked what had happened, he was
told. He went towards the well. The water rose
and all saw the 11th Imam sitting peacefully on
the water and playing.

Bahlool once saw the young Imam crying in the

street where all the other children were busy
playing with their toys. He asked whether Imam
was crying because he had no toys to play with.
Imam replied: "We have not been created to
play!"
Bahlool asked where he had learnt his from and
the Imam said:

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 "Have you not read the Qur'an where it says - "Do
you think we have created you in vain and that
you will not be returned to us".
When Bahlool heard this he asked Imam for some
advice. Imam talked about death, barzakh and
qiyama and cried so much, he fainted. When he
came to, Bahlool asked him why he was so fearful
as he was not even baligh yet. Imam said:
"I have watched my mother light a fire; she uses
the little twigs to get the big pieces of wood to
burn; I fear that on qiyama Allah too will use
‘small’ sinners to light the big ones.

Titles
Al-Askery
The 10th and 11th Imamayn were both called Al-
Askery as they lived in an area of Samarrah called
Askery.
Another reason that the 11th Imam was called
Askery is said to be that once Mutawakkil wanted
to show the Imam the strength of his army of
90,000 men and so he asked his men to fill their
sacks with sand and pile all the sacks up. He then
showed Imam this mountain of sacks. Imam

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 asked Mutawakkil, to look through his (Imam's)
two fingers, where he saw an army of armed
Angels. Imam told him that they were at his
disposal but he would not use them. (An army is
called Askery).

Life & Works

Mutawakkil knew of the progress Imam Hadi had
made in Madina in 14 years of spreading
knowledge.
Mutawakkil ordered Imam Hadi and Imam Askery
(1 yr old) to be brought to Samarrah and
announced his arrival in as Ibnur Ridha (son of 8th
Imam) subjecting him to things such as handing
him a glass of wine in his hands in his court,
asking him to sing, making him run in front of his
(Mutawakkil's) carriage.etc.
Imam Hasan Al-Askery (pbuh) was placed under
separate house arrest than his father at the young
age of 5 years as Mutawakkil did not want the
birth of the 12th Imam.
Whilst under house arrest Imam Ali An-Naqi
(pbuh) arranged for the coming of Sayyida Nargis

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 to Samarrah and for her to be well versed in Fiqh
by his learned sister Sayyida Hakima.
Imam spent his life making the imminent ghaibat
of the 12th Imam easier.
Soon after Mutawakkil was killed by his own son
who could not withstand the behaviour of his
father.
After Mutawakkil's death his son Muntasir was
the successor and he lifted the restrictions of
visiting Karbala. His rule was unlike his father's
tyranny but remained in power for only 6 months
and died at the age of 25 years.
Then came Mustan (Ahmed bin Mo'tasam)
followed by Mu'taz who continued his tyranny on
Imam and his followers.
Mu'taz arranged for the poisoning of Imam Hadi
through an ambassador and Imam was martyred
on Monday 3rd Rajab 254 A.H. Nobody except
Imam Hasan Askery (pbuh) was present at the
time of his death. He gave his father ghusl and
kafan and wept bitterly.
Ahmed Bin Ishaq relates that when he heard of
the death of the 10th Imam he went to Samarrah
and asked for the whereabouts of the 11th Imam.

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 He was told that Imam had been imprisoned by
Mu’taz Billah. After bribing the guards he was
able to visit Imam one night. He described the
prison as a tunnel under the Khalifa's home where
there was no space to stretch ones legs nor room
to be able to stand. Ahmed says he cried when he
saw Imams condition. Food was only one glass of
water and a piece of dry bread a day.
He was imprisoned because all the rulers knew of
the justice that was promised to come with the
coming of the 12th Imam and they wished to
prevent anyone being born of the 11th Imam.
Whilst in prison he told his companions to
accumulate all the masails of Fiqh and he
completed the masails on the chapters that were
found missing. He introduced the institution of
“Taqleed" advising people to follow those who
were learned, "Muttaqi", and just, as he was in
prison and it was extremely difficult for people to
meet him. Khums was collected through his
representative and masails too asked to him, Abu-
Ja'fer Uthman bin Saeed, who was later to
become the representative of the 12th Imam.

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 There was once a severe drought in Samarrah and
a Christian priest came who whenever he raised
his hands caused rain to fall from the heavens.
The Muslims faith started wavering and the
Khalifa Mu’taz got worried for if they left Islam he
would have none to rule over.
He went to the 11th Imam saying that Imam's
grandfather’s religion was in trouble. Imam asked
him to call all the people outside Samarrah with
the Christian priest. He asked the Christian priest
to pray for rain. When he raised his hands to pray
it started to rain. Imam asked for whatever was in
this hands to be taken away and then asked him
to pray for rain again. There was no rain this time.
Imam showed that what the priest had in this
hand was the bone of a Prophet which whenever
placed under the open sky caused it to rain.
Imam then prayed for rain and it rained. Mu’taz
could not re imprison Imam for some time for
when the people saw the miracle they all wanted
to visit Imam and asked where they might find
him. Imam pointed to the Khalifa and asked them
to ask him. Mu’taz told them that Imam was

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 staying at the house where the 10th Imam used to
reside.
It was here that Imam Mahdi (pbuh) was born.
Imam was allowed out of prison for 13 months
after which he was rearrested.
Historians have noted many names of the Imam's
students who became scholars of their time.
One of the famous students of the Imam was Abu
Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Khalid who prepared a
commentary of the Holy Qur'an which should be
considered the work of the Imam himself. The
Imam used to dictate its contents to Abu Ali who
went on writing the commentary. Scholars
indicated that the book consisted of 1920 pages.

Martyrdom
In the six years of his Imamate several attempts
were made on his life.
On the 1st of Rabi-ul Awwal 260 a.h. Mo'tamad
arranged for Imam to be poisoned in prison and
then sent him home. Imam was in great pain and
difficulty for 8 days. On the 8th of Rabi-ul Awwal
he asked his son, the 12th Imam, to bring him

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 some water and then leave him. He died that day
and was given ghusl & kafan by the 12th Imam.

Burial
The Caliph Al-Mu'tamid himself attended the
funeral prayer. When they all lined up and were
ready to commence the prayers, Imam Hasan Al-
Askari's brother Ja’far stood in front of the people
to lead the prayer. Before he could commence the
prayer, a five year old boy came out of the house,
went near his uncle and shook his mantle. He told
him, "Set aside uncle, only an Imam can lead the
funeral prayer of an Imam". His uncle Ja’far
stepped aside and this five year old boy lead the
prayers. Immediately after the end of the prayer
he went inside his house and was not seen by his
pursuers, lead by the caliph Mu'tamid himself. It
was the first time that most Shia's saw him for the
first time. A large number of people attended the
funeral and he is buried in Samarrah in the same
house where he died by the side of his father
Imam Ali An Naqi (pbuh). With the passage of
time, it has been transformed into a shrine visited
by pilgrims from all over the world.

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  10 QUALITIES OF A MU’MIN
IMAM HASAN AL ASKERY (PBUH)

The 11th Imam was once asked of the signs of a

mo'min (believer).He listed the following signs.
1. Prostates on Khake Shafaa
2. Wears an aqeeq ring on his right hand
3. Repeats the verses of Azhan & Iqama
4. Recites Ziyara ‘Arba’een
5. Prays his Fajr Salaa before the stars
disappear and Dhuhr prayers before the
sun starts declining
6. Recites "Bismillah” loudly in Salaa
7. Recite Qunoot in Salaa
8. Dyes his hair and beard
9. Recites 5 takbirs in Salaa ‘alal Mayyit
10. Prays 51 rakaats of salaa daily

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