Types of Houses
Types of Houses
Types of Houses
A-frame: so-called because of the appearance of the structure, namely steep roofline.
Addison house: a type of low-cost house with metal floors and cavity walls made of concrete
blocks, mostly built in the United Kingdom and in Ireland during 1920 through 1921 to provide
housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned home from the First World War.
Airey house: a type of low-cost house that was developed in the United Kingdom during in the
1940s by Sir Edwin Airey, and then widely constructed between 1945 and 1960 to provide
housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned home from World War II. These are
recognizable by their precast concrete columns and by their walls made of precast "ship-lap"
concrete panels.[1]
American Colonial: a traditional style of house that originated in the East Coast of the United
States.
Georgian Colonial
German Colonial
Hall and parlor house
New England Colonial
Spanish Colonial
French Colonial
American Craftsman house
American Foursquare house
Assam-type House: a house commonly found in the northeastern states of India.[2]
Barraca: a traditional style of house originated in Valencia, Spain. Is a historical farm house
from the 12th century BC to the 19th century AD around said city.
Barndominium: a type of house that includes living space attached to either a workshop or a
barn, typically for horses, or a large vehicle such as a recreational vehicle or a large
recreational boat.
Bay-and-gable: a type of house typically found in the older areas of Toronto.
Bungalow: any simple, single-storey house without any basement.
California Bungalow
Cape Cod: a popular design that originated in the coastal area of New England, especially in
eastern Massachusetts.
Cape Dutch: popular in the Western Cape, South Africa, region.
Castle: primarily a defensive structure/dwelling built during the Dark Ages and the Middle Ages,
and also during the 18th century and the 19th century.
Cave dwelling, Chinese: called a Yaodong and of two types, 1) built into rock on the side of a
hill or 2) earth sheltered with a courtyard.
Chalet bungalow: popular in the United Kingdom, a combination of a house and a bungalow.
Chattel house: a small wooden house occupied by working-class people on Barbados.
Conch house: a vernacular style in Key West and Miami, derived from the Bahamian clapboard
house.
Converted barn: an old barn converted into a house or other use.
Cottage: usually a small country dwelling, although weavers' cottages are three-storied
townhouses with the top floor reserved for the working quarters.
Creole cottage: a type of house native to the Gulf Coast of the United States, roughly
corresponding to the location of the former colonial settlements of
the French inLouisiana, Southern Mississippi, and Lower Alabama.
Cracker house: a style of wood-framework house built rather widely in the 19th century
in Florida and Southern Georgia. Note that the former Atlanta Crackers pro baseball team was
named because of the many "crackers" who lived in Georgia decades ago.
Dogtrot house: two houses connected by an open breezeway.
Dwór (manor house): the most iconic type of house in pre-communist Poland.
Earth sheltered: houses using dirt ("earth") piled against it exterior walls for thermal mass,
which reduces heat flow into or out of the house, maintaining a more steady indoortemperature.
Eyebrow house: A style of house found in Key West, Florida in which the roof overhangs the
windows reducing the view, but providing more shade.
Farmhouse: the main residence house on a farm, or a house built with the same type of styling
and located anywhere.
Faux chateau (originating in the 1980s): a notably inflated in size and price
American suburban house with non-contextual French Provençal architectural elements.
Federal
Frutighaus: a farmhouse type in the Frutigland region of Switzerland.
Gablefront house (or a Gablefront cottage): a generic house type that has a gable roof that
faces its street or avenue.[3] See the novel The House of Seven Gables, by the American
author Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Gambrel: including variants like Dutch Gambrel.
Geodesic dome: a rugged domed design, using strong metal components, that was pioneered
by the architect Buckminster Fuller in the United States in the mid-20th century.
Georgian house: built with the style of Georgian architecture that became popular during the
time of King George I through King George IV and King William IV of the United Kingdom.
Geestharden house: one of the three basic house types in Schleswig-Holstein region of
Germany
Hall house: a medieval house, usually timber-framed, in which the principal room was a hall as
high as the building, with the smoke from a central hearth rising through the hall.
Hanok: a traditional Korean house.
Hawksley BL8 bungalow: an aluminum siding-clad timber-framed house built in Great
Britain mostly during the 1950s as housing for soldiers, sailors, and airmen who had returned
home from World War II.[1]
I-house: a traditional British folk house,[citation needed] which became popular in the Middle
Atlantic and the Southern American Colonies before the beginning of the American
Revolutionary War.[4]
Igloo: an Inuit, Yup'ik, and Aleut temporary or emergency that was made of knife-sliced blocks
of packed snow and/or ice in the Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, Greenland,
and Siberian Russia.
Indian vernacular
Izba: a traditional Russian wooden country house.
Kit house: a type of pre-fabricated house made of pre-cut, numbered pieces of lumber.
Konak: a type of Turkish house that was widely built during the time of the Ottoman
Empire in Turkey, northern Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine,Jordan,
northern Iraq, Macedonia etc.
Laneway house: a type of Canadian house that is constructed behind a normal single-family
home that opens onto a back lane.
Link-detached: adjacent detached properties that do not have a party wall, but which are linked
by their garages - and so presenting a single frontage to their street or avenue.
Linked houses: "row-houses" or "semi-detached houses" that are linked structurally only in their
foundations. Above ground, these houses appear to be detached houses. Linking up their
foundations cuts the cost of constructing them.
Log home, Log cabin: a house built by American, Canadian, and Russian frontiersmen and
their families which was built of solid, unsquared wooden logs and later as a well crafted style of
dwelling.
Lustron house: a type of prefabricated house.
Manor house: a large medieval country house, or one built later of a similar design, which used
to be the primary dwelling of the nobleman and his family, and also the administrative hub of
a Feudal manor, and which was also the lowest unit of land organization and use in the feudal
system during the Dark Ages and the Middle Ages in Europe: in other words, before the ride of
the Renaissance and the Age of Enlightenment both of which caused the fall of the feudal
system and serfdom, except in Russia, where the serfs and vassals were not set free until the
second half of the 19th century (the 1850s through the 1890s).
Mansion: a quite large and usually luxurious detached house. See also: Manor house,
and Georgian House above
Maisonette: a flat or apartment in England, that occupies two floors of a building, and so
typically has internal stairs.
McMansion: a formulaic, inflated suburban house with references to historical styles of
architecture, such as Georgian architecture and the Manor House mentioned above.
Manufactured house: a prefabricated house that is assembled on the permanent site on which
it will sit.
Mews property: an urban stable-block that has often been converted into residential properties.
The houses may have been converted into ground floor garages with a small flat above which
used to house the ostler or just a garage with no living quarters.
Microhouse: a dwelling that fulfills all the requirements of habitation (shelter, sleep, cooking,
heating, toilet) in a very compact space. These are quite common in densely populated Asian
countries such as Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore.
Monolithic dome: a structure cast in one piece, generally made out of shotcrete inside an
airform.
Microapartment: rather common in the same countries where microhouses (above) are
popular. These small single-room dwellings contain a kitchen, a bathroom, a sleeping area, etc.,
in one place, usually in a multistorey building.
Minka: A general term for traditional houses in Japan.
Victorian house
Villa: originally an upper-class country house, though since its origins in Roman times the idea
and function of a villa has evolved considerably.
Wealden hall house: a type of vernacular medieval timber-framed yeoman's hall
house traditional in the south east of England.
Wimpey house: a low-cost house built in the UK from the 1940s onwards. The walls are of no-
fines concrete. About 300,000 were constructed.[1]
Yaodong: a dugout used as an abode or shelter in northern China, especially on the Loess
Plateau.
Yurt: a nomadic house of Central Asia
Semi-detached dwellings[edit]
Main article: Semi-detached
Council house: in United Kingdom and Ireland. Social housing built by the local authority,
normally part of a council estate, for rental to low-income families. See also Council flat.
Duplex house: commonly refers to two separate residences, attached side-by-side, but the term
is sometimes used to mean stacked apartments on two different floors (particularly in urban
areas such as New York and San Francisco). (See Two decker) The duplex house often looks
like either two houses put together, or as a large single home, and both legally and structurally,
literally shares a wall between halves. The duplex home can appear as a single townhouse
section with two different entrances, though the occasional duplex with a shared common
entrance and entry hall have been constructed. The jargon terms "triplex" and "four-plex" are
contrived names that refer to similar structures with three or four housing units, or floors if
referring to apartments, and again the characteristic sharing of structural walls, as are
the townhouse and six pack forms that adapted the savings in materials and costs of a shared
load bearing wall.
Two-family home or two-family house: the generic American real estate business jargon for a
small apartment house or a duplex house that contain two dwelling units. In advertisements,
"two-family home" is the generally used jargon.
Two decker (A Double decker building plan): since real-estate advertising generally specifies
correctly whether the two-family home is a duplex-house type these are usually more desirable
for both rentals or purchases.
Semi-detached: two houses joined together; compare duplex.
Specific terms under various American federal, state, or local laws dealing with fair housing, truth in
advertising, and so forth, have been prescribed and engender specific legal meanings. For example,
in American housing codes, all "apartments" must contain a kitchen, bathing facilities, and a sleeping
area, or else that term may not be used. This generates various differences within the English-
speaking world, and the terms such as "single-family", "two-family", or "three-family" building,
residence, house, home, or property can be generic and thus convey little or no building plan (style
of building) information. Such terminology is most common in advertising and real-estate markets
that offer leasing of such units, or sales of such buildings.
Apartment: a relatively self-contained housing unit in a building which is often rented out to one
person or a family, or two or more people sharing a lease in a partnership, for their exclusive
use. Sometimes called a flat or digs (slang). Some locales have legal definitions of what
constitutes an apartment. In some locations, "apartment" denotes a building that was built
specifically for such units, whereas "flat" denotes a unit in a building that had been originally built
as a single-family house, but later on subdivided into some multi-unit house type.[6]
Apartment building, Block of flats: a multi-unit dwelling made up of several (generally four or
more) apartments. Contrast this with the two-family house and the three-family dwelling.
Aul: a type of fortified village found throughout the Caucasus Mountains, especially in Dagestan.
Barracks: a type of military housing, which used to connoting a large "open bay" with rows of
bunk beds and attached bathroom facilities, but during the most recent several decades for the
American Armed Forces most of the new housing units for unmarried servicemen have been
constructed with a dormitory-style layout housing two to four servicemembers. This dormitory-
styling providing additional privacy has been found to promote the retention of trained personnel
in the all-volunteer Armed Forces of the United States.
Basement apartment
Brownstone: a New York City term for a rowhouse: see rowhouse.
Bedsit: A British expression (short for bed-sitting room) for a single-roomed dwelling in a sub-
divided larger house. The standard type contains a kitchenette or basic cooking facilities in a
combined bedroom/living area, with a separate bathroom and lavatory shared between a
number of rooms. Once common in older Victorian properties in British cities, they are less
frequently found since the 1980s as a result of tenancy reforms, property prices and renovation
grants that favour the refurbishment of such properties into self-contained flats for leasehold
sale.
Choultry: a South-Indian Hindu-Caravanserai
Close: Term used in Glasgow for high density slum housing built 1800-1870. Tenements usually
3 or 4 stories, terraced, back-to-back, around a short cul-de-sac.[7]
Cluster house: an older form of the Q-type house (see below)[8]
Condominium: a form of ownership with individual apartments for everyone, and co-ownership
(by percentages) of all of the common areas, such as corridors, hallways, stairways, lobbies,
recreation rooms, porches, rooftops, and any outdoor areas of the grounds of the buildings.
Court: High density slum housing built in the UK, 1800-1870. Two or more stories, terraced,
back-to-back, around a short alley at right angles to the main street. Once common in cities like
Liverpool[9] and Leeds.
Deck access: a block of "flats" which are accessed from a walkway that is open to the elements.
Face-to-face: a low cost housing in Nigeria, with a group of one or two-room apartments having
their entrances facing each other, and the bathroom(s), toilet(s) and kitchen spaces usually
shared.[10]
Flat: In Great Britain and Ireland, this means exactly the same as an "apartment". In and
around San Francisco, Calif., this term means an apartment that takes up an entire floor of a
large house, usually one that has been converted from an older Victorian house.
2-Flat, 3-Flat, and 4-Flat houses: Houses or buildings with 2, 3, or 4 flats, respectively,
especially when each of the flats takes up one entire floor of the house. There is a common
stairway in the front and often in the back providing access to all the flats. 2-Flats and
sometimes 3-flats are common in certain older neighborhoods.
Four Plus One: an apartment building consisting of four stories above a parking lot. The four
floors containing the apartment units are of wood-frame and masonry construction. It was
particularly popular in Chicago during the 1960s and 1970s, especially on the city's north side.[11]
Garage-apartment: an apartment over a garage; if the garage is attached, the apartment will
have a separate entrance from the main house.
Garalow: a portmanteau word "garage" + "bungalow"; similar to a garage-apartment, but with
the apartment and garage at the same level.
Garden apartment: a building style usually characterized by two story, semi-detached buildings,
each floor being a separate apartment.
Garden flat: a flat which is at garden (ground) level in a multilevel house or apartment building,
especially in the case of Georgian and Victorian terraced housing which has been sub-divided
into separate dwellings.
Housing cooperative (or Co-op): a form of ownership in which a non-profit corporation owns
the entire apartment building or development and residents own shares in the corporation that
correspond to their apartment and a percentage of common areas. In Australia this corresponds
with a "company title" apartment.
Housing project: a North American term for government-owned housing for low-income tenants
(aka Public housing or Social housing).
Live Work: a townhouse / row house having a retail, office or workshop on the ground floor with
living premises of the building proprietor and occupier (the one person) of the ground floor
commercial space above e.g. like the traditional high street Victorian grocer. Normally with fire
rated separation.
Ksar: a village consisting of generally attached houses, widespread among
the oasis populations of the Maghreb (northern Africa)
Loft or warehouse conversion can be an apartment building wherein part of the unit, usually
consisting of the bedroom(s) and/or a second bedroom level bath is sub-divided vertically within
the structurally tall bay between the structural floors of a former factory or warehouse building.
The lofts created in such are locally supported bycolumns and bearing walls and not part of the
overall original load bearing structure.
Maisonette: an apartment / flat on two levels with internal stairs, or which has its own entrance
at street level.
Mess: a building or flat with single bedroom per tenant and shared facilities like toilets and
kitchens. These are popular with students, bachelors or low wage earners in the Indian
subcontinent. It is similar to the bedsit in the UK. Some variants include multiple tenants per
bedroom and inclusion of a centralized maid service or cooked meals with tenancy.
Mother-in-law apartment: small apartment either at the back, in the basement, or on an upper
level subdivision of the main house, usually with a separate entrance (also known as a "Granny
flat" in the UK, Australia and New Zealand). If it is a separate structure from the main house, it is
called a 'granny cottage' or a 'doddy house'. SuchSecondary suites are often efficiency or two
room apartments but always have kitchen facilities (which is usually a legal requirement of any
apartment).
Officetel: small apartment providing a combined work and living area in one place, especially in
South Korea.
Penthouse: the top floor of multi-story building
Plattenbau (East German) / Panelák (Czech, Slovak): a communist-era tower block that is
made of slabs of concrete put together.
Q-type: townhouse built mainly in housing estates in the UK beginning in the late 20th century.
The houses are arranged in blocks of four with each house at a corner of the block. Similar to
the earlier cluster house (see above).
Railroad apartment (or railroad flat): a type of apartment that is in a building built on a very
narrow lot (usually about as wide as a railroad car, or Pullman car sections thereof).
Rooming house: a type of Single Room Occupancy building where most washing, kitchen and
laundry facilities are shared between residents, which may also share a common suite of living
rooms and dining room, with or without board arrangements. When board is provided (no longer
common), a common dining time and schedule is imposed by the landlord who in such cases
also serves as an innkeeper of sorts. In Australia and the United States, any housing
accommodation with 4 or more bedrooms can be regarded as a rooming house if each bedroom
is subject to individual tenancy agreements. In the U.S., rooming house lease agreements
typically run for very short periods, usually week to week, or a few days at a time. Transient
housing arrangements for longer term tenancies are implemented by a "rider" on a case by case
basis, if local laws permit.
Rowhouse (USA); also called "Terraced home" (USA); also called "Townhouse": 3 or more
houses in a row sharing a "party" wall with its adjacent neighbour. In New York, "Brownstones"
are rowhouses. Rowhouses are typically multiple stories. The term townhouse is currently
coming into wider use in the UK, but terraced house (not "terraced home") is more common.
Shophouse: the name given in Southeast Asia to a terraced two to five story urban building
featuring a shop or other public activity on the street level, with residential accommodation on
upper floors.
Single Room Occupancy or SRO: a studio apartment, usually occurring with a block of many
similar apartments, intended for use as public housing. They may or may not have their own
washing, laundry, and kitchen facilities. In the United States, lack of kitchen facilities prevents
use of the term "apartment", so such would be classified as aboarding house or hotel.
Six-pack: In New England (USA), this refers to a stick-built block of 6 apartments comprising
(duplexed) two three story Triple deckers built side by side sharing one wall, a common roof, lot,
yards (lawns and gardens, if any), parking arrangements, and basement, but possessing
separately metered electric, and separate hot water and heating or air conditioning. In Australia,
it refers to a style of apartments that were constructed during the 1960s, 70s and early 80s,
usually comprising a single, masonry-built block containing 4 to 8 walk-up apartments (though
sometimes, many more), of between 2 and 3 stories in height, with car parking at the side or
rear.
Terraced house: Since the late 18th century is a style of housing where (generally) identical
individual houses are conjoined into rows - a line of houses which abut directly on to each other
built with shared party walls between dwellings whose uniform fronts and uniform height created
an ensemble that was more stylish than a "rowhouse". However this is also the UK term for a
"rowhouse" regardless of whether the houses are identical or not.
Back-to-back: Terraced houses which also adjoin a second terrace to the rear. They were a
common form of housing for workers during the Industrial Revolution in England.
Tower block or Apartment tower: a high-rise apartment building.
Townhouse: also called Rowhouse (US). In the UK, a townhouse is a traditional term for an
upper class house in London (in contrast with country house), and is now coming into use as a
term for new terraced houses, which are often three or more stories tall and may include a
garage on the ground floor.
Stacked townhouse: Units are stacked on each other; units may be multilevel; all units
have direct access from the outside.
Three family home or Three family house — U.S. real estate and advertising term for several
configurations of apartment classed dwelling buildings including:
Triple decker: a three-family apartment house, usually of frame construction, in which all
three apartment units are stacked on top of one another. (For additional characteristics, also
see Multifamily home features below.)
Two decker: a two family house consisting of stacked apartments that frequently have
similar or identical floor plans. Some two deckers, usually ones starting as single-family
homes, have one or both floors sub-divided and are therefore three or four-family dwellings.
Some have external stairways giving a totally separate entrance, and some, usually those
which have been a single-family house now sub-divided, are similar to the Maisonette plan
but sharing a common external 'main entrance' door and lock, and a main internal hall with
stairways letting to the separate apartments. (For additional characteristics, also
see Multifamily home features below.)
Tyneside flat: a pair of single-storey flats in a two-storey terrace, distinctively with two separate
front doors to the street rather than a shared lobby. Notably found onTyneside, North Eastern
England.
Multifamily home features
Tenants usually have some portion of the basement and/or common attic.
Fire regulations strictly require a separate emergency egress for all apartments under
U.S. laws and national fire codes.
Utilities are either paid as part of the rent, or (now predominant) the units have
separately provided heat, air conditioning, electrical distribution panels and meters, and
sometimes (uncommonly) water metering, separating all secondary housing costs by
rental unit. Common lighting may or may not be off a separate meter and circuitry in
subdivided former single-family dwellings.
Leasehold documents will specify other common factors such as specific parking rights,
rights to common spaces such as lawn and gardens on the premises, storage or garage
(usually a detached unit, that cannot economically be converted into an additional
housing unit) facilities and details such as who has responsibility for upkeep, snow
removal, lawn care, and so forth.
Movable dwellings[edit]
Park home, also called Mobile home: a prefabricated house that is manufactured off-site.
Tent: usually a lightweight, moveable structure.
Travel trailer or Caravan
Yurt or Ger: used by nomads in the steppes of Central Asia.
Houseboat: includes float houses