ROBYX REVIEW CENTER

RADIATION PHYSICS, RADBIOLOGY & RADIATION PROTECTION

NAME: _________________________________________ DATE: _______________ SCORE: ________/100

1. The fundamental unit of electromagnetic radiation is 10. Motion unsharpness are taken can be reduced by one of
a. Angstrom the following techniques.
b. Electron volt a. use of large OID
c. Photon b. use of restraining device
d. Joule c. use of high mAs
d. application of 15% kVp rule
2. The total number of electrons in an electron shell is
represented by the formula _______ 11. He theorized that the nucleus of an atom is surrounded by
a. 2n electrons moving at fixed orbits
b. 2n2 a. Neils Bohr
c. 4n2 b. Ernest Rutherford
d. n2 c. J.J. Thomson
d. John Dalton
3. The smallest hereditary unit of DNA is called
a. Gene 12. The forces of interaction between the positive nucleus and
b. Codon the orbital electrons are primarily influence by one of the
c. Chromosome following:
d. Nucleus a. Einstein’s theory of relativity
b. Coulomb’s law
4. A macromolecule which serves as thermal insulator of the c. Newton’s universal law
human body from the environment d. Gauss law
a. Lipid
b. Sugar 13. The force that holds nuclear particles which prevents the
c. DNA protons from repelling each other is called _______
d. Starch a. electrostatic force
b. centripetal force
5. A type of protein molecule which constitute a primary c. nuclear cohesive force
defense mechanism of the body against infection and d. nuclear energy
disease
a. Hormone 14. In Radiolysis of water, the product formed when a positive
b. Antibodies water molecule dissociates is a ___________
c. Enzyme a. hydrogen free radical
d. Mineral b. toxic agent
c. hydroxyl free radical
6. Diagnostic x-ray beams must have a total filtration of at d. hydroxyl ion
least _____ mm Al when operated above 70 kVp
a. 1.5 15. The sequence of events following large doses up to 7,500
b. 2.0 cGy leading to death with 3 days describes ______
c. 2.5 a. Prodromal syndrome
d. 3.0 b. hematologic syndrome
c. gastrointestinal syndrome
7. The use of x-ray filters for diagnostic x-ray machines d. central nervous system syndrome
provides the following functions EXCEPT:
a. increases x-ray penetrability 16. The following are examples of stem cells, EXCEPT:
b. increases x-ray quality a. Basal cells
c. increases average x-ray energy b. Pluripotential cells
d. increases quantity of scatter x-rays c. Intestinal crypt cells
d. Sperm cells
8. The maximum acceptable variation in x-ray beam linearity
of diagnostic x-ray machines is _______ 17. This is the period of ARS during which time no signs of
a. ±2% radiation sickness is visible
b. ±5% a. Prodromal
c. ±10% b. Early or prompt
d. ±1% c. Latency
d. Manifest illness
9. The most radiographs are taken at an SID of 100 cm. What
is the allowable difference between the projection of the 18. This type of radiation is produced when a positron
light field and the x-ray beam at the film? interacts with a negatron.
a. 1% of 100 cm a. Characteristic
b. 2% of 100 cm b. Auger
c. 3% of 100 cm c. Annihilation
d. 5% of 100 cm d. Cerenkov
19. The principles governing the creation of atomic bomb is 29. When the earth behaves as huge reservoir for deposit of
derived from this equation stray electric charges, it acts as an electric
a. E – ½ mv2 a. potential
b. E = mc2 b. ground
c. E = mgh c. current
d. E = hf d. resistance

20. When a fast moving electron is absorbed by the nucleus of 30. The electron shell number, n is also called _____
a target material, its kinetic energy is converted into a. spin quantum number
a. Bremsstrahlung radiation b. orbital quantum number
b. Annihilation radiation c. principal quantum number
c. Characteristic x-ray d. azimuthal quantum number
d. Gamma radiation
31. The total number of electrons that can occupy the M-shell
21. One coulomb of electron charge is equivalent to how many do not exceed _______
number of electrons. Given 1 electron charge a. 8 electrons
= 1.6 x 10-19 C b. 2 electrons
a. 6.25 x 1019 c. 18 electrons
b. 6.25 x 1018 d. 32 electrons
c. 6.25 x 1017 electrons
d. 6.25 x 1016 electrons 32. These materials inhibit the flow of electrons in a conductor
a. semiconductor
22. The mass of one electron is 9.102 x 10 -31 kg. Using E = b. insulator
mc2 and C = 3 x 108 m/sec, what is its equivalent energy in c. superconductor
MeV? d. conductor
a. 5.11
b. 51.1 33. This law states that the voltage across the total circuit or
c. 0.511 any portion of that circuit is equal to the current times the
d. 0.0511 resistance.
a. Coulomb’s law
23. One coulomb of electron charge flowing in one second is b. Snell’s law
equal to c. Gauss law
a. 1 ampere d. Ohm’s law
b. 1 volt
c. 1 erg 34. When all circuit elements are connected in a line along the
d. 1 ohm same conductor, the circuit type is called
a. Series
24. The number of nuclear disintegration per unit time of a b. Parallel
radionuclide measure its c. Kirchoff
a. disintegration constant d. Diagonal
b. activity
c. half-life SITUATIONAL (35-39)
d. concentration
Four resistors of 5Ώ, 10Ώ, 15 Ώ and 20 Ώ are connected in
25. If a piece of petrified wood contains 12.5% of the 14C that series. Determine the unknown values described in numbers
a tree living today contains, how old is the petrified wood? 35-39, if the circuit draws 110 volts from an AC course.
a. 5730 year-old
b. 11, 460 year-old 35. The total resistance is ________
c. 3 T ½ a. 15 Ώ
d. 4 T ½ b. 30 Ώ
c. 50 Ώ
26. The activity after 4 half-lives of a radionuclide will be d. 60 Ώ
equal to how many percent of its original activity?
a. 50% 36. The total current in the circuit is ___________
b. 25% a. 0.5 ampere
c. 12.5% b. 2.2 amperes
d. 6.25% c. 0.22 ampere
d. 5 amperes
27. The equivalent value of 1 mCi in Bq is ______
a. 37 KBq 37. The voltage across R1 is ________
b. 37 MBq a. 11.0 volts
c. 37 GBq b. 22.0 volts
d. 37 TBq c. 33.0 volts
d. 44.0 volts
28. Electrification can be created by which of the following,
EXCEPT? 38. The voltage across R3 is _________
a. Contact a. 11.0 volts
b. Friction b. 22.0 volts
c. Induction c. 33.0 volts
d. Convection d. 44.0 volts
39. The power generated in the circuit is _______ watt 50. Within the first 2 weeks of fertilization, the most
a. 100 pronounced effect of high radiation dose is manifested as
b. 200 a. neonatal death
c. 222 b. deformed organ
d. 242 c. malignancy
d. spontaneous abortion
40. If the four (4) resistors are connected in parallel, what is its
total resistance? 51. Skeletal and congenital abnormalities are observed during
a. 15 Ώ this period which occurs from the 2nd to 8th weeks.
b. 60 Ώ a. Pre-implantation period
c. 2.4 Ώ b. Major organogenesis
d. 2.2 Ώ c. 2nd trimester
d. infancy
41. The total current in a parallel circuit would be ________
a. 2.2. amperes 52. The dose of radiation that will produce twice the frequency
b. 22 amperes of genetic mutation as would have been observed without
c. 24 amperes the radiation.
d. 55 amperes a. Threshold dose
b. Genetically significant dose
42. The total power generated in a parallel circuit is ________ c. Doubling dose
a. 242 watts d. Lethal dose
b. 500 watts
c. 6.05 kW 53. Which of the following statement is true about genetic
d. 0.61 kW effects?
a. most radiation induced mutations are dominant
43. The minimum voltage waveform in three phase 6 pulse b. the female is more sensitive to the genetic effects
generator with 13% ripple is than the male
a. 13 c. the frequency of radiation induced mutations is
b. 97 directly proportional to dose
c. 87 d. Genetic effect is not dependent which radiation is
d. 0 delivered

44. The minimum voltage waveform of a three phase 12 pulse 54. A radiation scientist, engineer or doctor concerned with
generator is 96.5 volts. Its voltage ripple is ________ the research, teaching or operational aspect of radiation
a. 100 safety.
b. 3.5 a. medical physicist
c. 13.5 b. radiation worker
d. 35 c. health physicist
d. medical officer
45. The number of x-ray pulses generated in a full wave x-ray
machine that uses 70 kVp, 100 mA in 100 msec is _____ 55. The following are principles of radiation protection,
a. 120 EXCEPT
b. 12 a. Minimize exposure time
c. 60 b. Maximize distance from source
d. 6 c. Optimize radiation shielding
d. None of the above
46. Scientist proves that current is induced in a circuit if a
portion of that circuit is in a changing magnetic field. 56. A radiation source has an exposure rate of 250 mR/hr at 1
a. Faraday m. If a worker stays at 50 cm, he will be exposed to a rate
b. Oersted of ____________
c. Einstein a. 100 mR/hr
d. Planck b. 125 mR/hr
c. 1 R/hr
47. He introduced “the induced current will flow in a direction d. 500 mR/hr
such that opposes the action that induces it”
a. Charles Coulomb 57. If the same worker opted to stay at 1 m and remained there
b. Michael Faraday for 30 min, his total exposure is _____
c. Heinrich Lenz a. 100 mR
d. Georg Ohm b. 125 mR
c. 250 mR
48. One of the following chemical is a radiosensitizer d. 500 mR
a. Methotrexate
b. Cysteine 58. If the total exposure allowed per day is 0.2 mSv. The total
c. Sulfhydryl compound exposure allowed per hour at 8 working hours a day is
d. Hydrogen sulfide a. 0.2 mSv
b. 2 mSv
49. The absolute risk for radiation induced breast cancer is six c. 0.025 mSv
cases/106 persons/rad/year for a 20-year risk period. If d. 25 mSv
200,000 women receive 500 mrad during mammography,
the expected total number of induced cancers will be 59. Positron emission involves a decay of radionuclides with:
a. 5 cases a. too many neutrons
b. 6 cases b. too many protons
c. 10 cases c. too many electrons
d. 12 cases d. too many neutrinos
60. Positron emitters are generally produced by 70. This type of detector uses quenching agent
a. nuclear reactors a. Ion chamber
b. cyclotron b. GM counter
c. betatron c. Proportional counter
d. microton d. Scintillation counter

61. Which is not classified as non-ionizing radiation? 71. The ability of an instrument to detect very low radiation
a. x-ray intensities describe its
b. ultraviolet a. Linearity
c. radiofrequency b. Reproducibility
d. light c. Accuracy
d. Sensitivity
62. Film badge are not able to measure exposures that are
a. less than 100 mR 72. The ability of an instrument to precisely detect and
b. less than 10 mR measure the intensity of a radiation field describe its
c. less than 25 mR a. Linearity
d. less than 15 mR b. Reproducibility
c. Accuracy
63. The length of the exposure cord on a portable x-ray unit d. Sensitivity
must be at least
a. 1 meter 73. The percentage (%) of time during which the x-ray beam
b. 1.8 meters is on and directed toward a particular wall is called
c. 50 cm a. Use factor
d. 3 m b. Occupancy factor
c. Transmission factor
64. Crystals that emit light when heated following exposure to d. Workload
radiation is called
a. Scintillators SITUATIONAL (74-77)
b. Thermoluminescent The plans for a small hospital call for two x-ray rooms. The
c. Phosphorescent estimated patient load for each room is 15 percent per day and
d. Fluoroscopic each patient will average three films taken at 80 kVp, 70 mAs.

65. The Department of Health requires this equivalent 74. What is the total number of patient per week?
thickness of lead on lead rubber apron. a. 15
a. 1 mm b. 30
b. 2 mm c. 105
c. 0.25 mm d. 75
d. 1.5 mm
75. The total number of films used in a week is ____
66. A lateral skull radiograph is obtained at 64 kVp, 80 mAs a. 75
and results in a skin dose of 400 mrad. If the tube voltage b. 100
is increased to 74 kVp and the mAs reduced to 40 mAs, c. 225
the new skin dose will be d. 300
a. 200 mrad
b. 267 mrad 76. The workload in mA-min/wk is ___________
c. 100 mrad a. 200
d. 300 mrad b. 262.5
c. 220.2
67. Which of the following statement is not true about gonad d. 15,750
shielding?
a. gonadal shielding should not be used when it does 77. The total heat units generated per machine per day is
not interfere with obtaining the required diagnostic a. 100,000 HU
information b. 200,000 HU
b. it should be considered for all patients who are c. 252,000 HU
potentially reproductive d. 500,000 HU
c. it should be employed when the gonads lie near the
primary beam 78. The intensity of scatter radiation 1 meter from the patient
d. proper patient positioning and beam collimation is ________% of the intensity of the useful beam at the
should not be relaxed when gonadal shields are in patient
use a. 1%
b. 0.1%
68. This part of the photomultiplier tube converts light c. 10%
photons to electrons. d. 2%
a. photodiode
b. photocathode 79. The leakage radiation limit from the tube housing of a
c. photo emitter diagnostic x-ray unit at 1 meter is
d. photo anode a. 2.6 µC/kg-hr
b. 26 µC/kg-hr
69. Crystals that readily absorbs moisture are classified as c. 260 µC/kg-hr
a. Hermetic d. 2600 µC/kg-hr
b. Hygroscopic
c. Microscopic
d. Humid
80. The output intensity of a radiographic unit at patient 90. This theory assumes that dormant carcinogenic virus is
position is 400 mR for a KUB examination. The scatter activated by ionizing radiation to become cancer cells.
dose at 1 meter from the patient will be a. Target theory
a. 100 mR b. Cell theory
b. 40 mR c. Viral theory
c. 0.40 mR d. Somatic mutation theory
d. 4 mR
91. According to this theory, for a cell to die following
81. Any wall to which the useful beam can be directed is radiation exposure, its target molecule must be deactivated
designated as a _____ protective barrier. a. Target theory
a. primary b. Cell theory
b. secondary c. Viral theory
c. tertiary d. Somatic mutation theory
d. special
92. Nuclides with same neutron numbers with different proton
82. A baby badge or fetal dosimeter has a dose limit during the and mass number are called
9-month period of __________ a. isotopes
a. 50 mSv b. isobar
b. 5 mSv c. isomer
c. 10 mSv d. isotones
d. 1 mSv
93. As energy of photons increases, one of the following
83. Baby badge should be positioned at waist level ____ the decreases
lead apron of the pregnant technologist a. wavelength
a. underneath b. amplitude
b. on top of c. frequency
c. on the side of d. speed
d. above
94. The wavelength of photons with a frequency of 20 Hz
84. The HVL of lead at 70 kVp is 0.15 mm. How much a. 3 x 108 m
thickness of lead is required to reduce 3.6 mR/mAs to 1.8 b. 1.5 x 107m
mR/mAs? c. 3 x 107 m
a. 0.15 mm d. 2 x 108 m
b. 0.30 mm
c. 0.60 mm 95. Electrons are a type of electromagnetic radiation
d. 0.45 mm a. true
b. false
85. The primary dose limit of radiation worker according to c. depends on energy
ICRP-50 shall be averaged in 5 years. This dose limit is d. depends on frequency
equal to __________.
a. 50 mSv 96. The probability of an atom to decay per unit time
b. 5 mSv a. period
c. 1 mSv b. half-life
d. 20 mSv c. decay constant
d. exposure
86. How many half-lives are needed to reduce the original
activity to less than 1%? 97. Which is not a gas filled detector?
a. 4 a. LiF
b. 5 b. Ion chamber
c. 6 c. Geiger counter
d. 7 d. Proportional counter

87. The principle relates the cost of radiation protection to the 98. The transfer of energy between two bodies across a space
corresponding reduction in dose. is called
a. Justification a. conduction
b. Optimization b. convection
c. Shielding c. radiation
d. Time d. friction

88. This principle demands that the benefit should far exceed 99. A three phase x-ray unit is rated at 30 KVA power. At 100
radiation risk. kVp, its maximum mA setting is _______
a. Justification a. 100 mA
b. Optimization b. 200 mA
c. Shielding c. 300 mA
d. Limitation d. 500 mA

89. This principle requires that potentially pregnant women 100. Acute effects manifest themselves immediately after
shall be subjected to abdominal x-ray examination within exposure to large doses of radiation exposure.
10 days from the onset of menstruation. a. true
a. 10-day rule b. false
b. Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau c. depends on LET
c. Somatic Mutation Theory d. depends on RBE
d. Viral theory