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    Laboratory Manual: Microprocessor & Microcontroller

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    Haider Ali
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    Laboratory Manual: Microprocessor & Microcontroller

    Uploaded by

    Haider Ali
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    53

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    M&M Lab 3

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    55 views10 pages

    Laboratory Manual: Microprocessor & Microcontroller

    Uploaded by

    Haider Ali
    53

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    LABORATORY MANUAL

    Microprocessor & Microcontroller


    Department of Telecommunication

    Engineering

    NAME: Haider ali


    CMS ID: 41162
    SEMESTER: 4th
    LAB Engr. Ali Israr
    INSTRUCTOR:
    DATE: 15-04-2019
    LAB 03

    Faculty of Information & Communication Technology

    BALOCHISTAN UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING &


    MANAGEMENT SCIENCES,
    QUETTA, PAKISTAN
    EXPERIMENT NO. 03

    1. OBJECTIVE:

     Learn manipulation of iAPX86’s 16-bit AX and BX registers.


     Understand the software tool-chain involved in assembling an assembly language program using
    Netwide Assembler (NASM).
     Analyze the generated op-codes in the listing file from NASM.
     Analyzing the register status during sequential execution of a program using Advanced Full-
    screen Debugger (AFD).

    2. EXPERIMENT REQUIREMENTS:
    2.1. SOFTWARE

    1. DOSBox
    2. Notepad++
    3. AFD

    DOS Box

    Dos Box in IT`s Lang is a term that gets used in more than one way. People may refer to a Dos box as
    some sort of emulator or software

    Dos box is actually an X86 simulator it needs a directory that contain the file that need to run and used to
    process all the file

    Note pad++

    Notepad++ is a content manager and source code editorial manager for use with Microsoft Windows. It
    underpins selected altering, which permits working with various open documents in a solitary window

    In simple words, Note pad++ is used to write the assembly program


    AFD

    Software used to run the assembly program step by step.

    2.2. HARDWARE
    In this lab we only use PC having specification

    OS Name Microsoft windows 10 Home

    Version: 10.0.16299 Build 162999

    OS manufacture: Microsoft Corporation

    System manufactures Dell Inc.

    System model inspiron 5521

    System Type X64-based PC

    System SKU xxx123x#ABA

    Processor: Intel(R) core™i7-3537U CPU @2.00GHZ, 2501 MHz, 2 core(s),4 Logical processor(s)

    BIOS Version date Dell Inc. A05, 1/3/2013

    SMBIOS Version 2.7

    Embedded Controller Version 1.01


    Hardware Abstraction layer Version = “10.0.16299.248”

    3. BACKGROUND
    [6:51 am, 4/20/2019] Haider Uni: The first program that we will write adds three numbers. This very
    simple program will clarify most of the basic concept of assembly language. We will start with writing
    our algorithm in pseudo code and the convert it into assembly language, but let’s first clarify what is
    program?

    Definition:

    A program is an ordered set of instruction for the processor.

    Pseudo Code:

    Instruction Source Destination


    move 5 to ax
    move 10 to bx
    add Bx to ax
    move 15 to bx
    add bx to ax

    [6:51 am, 4/20/2019] Haider Uni: Even in this simple reflection of thoughts in English, there are some
    keys things to observe. One is the concept of destination as every instruction has a “to destination” part
    and there is a source before it as well. For example, the second line has a constant 10 as its source and the
    register BX as its destination the key point in giving the first program in English that you know very well,
    and every concept will eventually be applicable to assembly language. Intel could have made their
    assembly language exactly identical to our program in plain English but they have abbreviated a lot of
    symbols to avoid unnecessarily lengthy program when the meaning could conveyed with less effort. For
    example, Intel has named their move instruction “mov” instead of move. Similarly, the Intel odder of
    placing source and destination in opposite to what we have used in our English program, just a change
    interpretation so, the Intel way writing things is:

    IAPX86 operation destination source

    Instruction operation destination

    Syntax operation source Operation

    4. PROGRAM
    Program that add two numbers
    [ORG 0x100] ; Starting Offset
    mov ax,5 ; Assigning a value to register ax
    mov bx,10
    ADD ax,bx
    mov ax,15
    ADD ax,bx
    mov ax,0x4c00
    Int 0x21

    5. METHODOLOGY
    a. First turn on the PC
    b. Open Notepad++.
    c. Write pseudocode of (written above) in Notepad ++.
    d. Then save the file in C drive in hadi.assembly folder with “asm” extension.
    e. Now open DosBox and load the file hadi.assembly placed in drive C by typing this command.\
    f. Sub sequent that “C:” and then ‘dir’ to check available file in hadi.assembly folder.
    g. After call the compiler for manipulation of the selected file by the command here nasm is
    netwid assembler , hadi is file on which we have written codes via notepad ++ ‘o’ stands for output
    and ‘l’ stands for make list file. For object file (nasm hadi.asm –o hadi33.com). For list file (nasm
    hadi.asm –l hadi3.lst). Type hadi3.lst to see the code in hexadecimal
    h. At last giving advance full screen debugger instruction for execution (afd hadi3.com).The window
    will appear where we run our program step by step by pressing F1/F2.
    6. DATA TABLE
    Table 1 Data Table

    Offset Address Instructions AX BX IP


    00000000 MOV ax, 5 0005 0000 0100
    00000003 MOV bx, 10 0005 000A 0103
    00000006 ADD ax, bx 000F 000A 0106
    00000008 MOV ax, 15 000F 000F 0108
    0000000B ADD ax, bx 001E 000F 010B
    0000000D MOV ax, 0x4c00 4C00 000F 0110
    00000010 Int 0x21 4C00 000F 14A0

    7. RESULTS AND DISCUSIONS


    The task which we performed in our lab given by our instructor are described blow with the snapshots of
    each step. In these programs we simply add 2 values and save the result in register ax. We will start with
    the program done in the laboratory. Once the list and executable files have been created, the AFD is
    commanded to run the executable file. We will see a window that shows the status of the registers,
    memory and it also shows the program that we are running.

    As we can see, the registers are all shown at the topside of the window, the memory is shown to the far
    and the bottom of the window. The program is written to the right wide of the window. This program will
    run step at a time whenever the user presses F1 or F2 key.

    7.1. THE PROGRAM OF ADDING TWO NUMBERS


    In this task we wrote a program from offsets starting location 100 assign value to attribute ax and base
    register 5 and 10. Then we gave instruction to nasm to add ax and bx and store result in ax again we
    assign value to bx and add it into ax. Press F1 to run the program set by step.

    Figure 1 DosBox mounting assembly folder in C drive

    Figure 2 DosBox checking files


    Figure 3 Dos Box manipulating test file

    Figure 4 DosBox AFD


    Figure 5 by pressing F1 value 5 moved to ax

    Figure 6 by pressing F1 value 10 moved to bx


    Figure 7 by pressing F1value added and saved in ax

    Figure 8 by pressing F1 new value is assigned to the bx


    Figure 9 by pressing F1 values added and saved in ax

    8. CONCLUSION
    This laboratory experiments holds the techniques about microprocessor iAPX86’s architecture and
    standup and application of microprocessor system. Nevertheless, the coding of Assembly language is a bit
    lengthy comparatively other high-level languages, but it is more effective, efficient and accurate. This lab
    holds all about moving and adding the data of two registers and assembly language’s syntax.

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