The document introduces Ansible, an open source tool for automating software provisioning, configuration management, and application deployment. It discusses how Ansible works and how it can help system administrators manage an increasing number of servers across virtual and cloud environments more efficiently.
The document introduces Ansible, an open source tool for automating software provisioning, configuration management, and application deployment. It discusses how Ansible works and how it can help system administrators manage an increasing number of servers across virtual and cloud environments more efficiently.
The document introduces Ansible, an open source tool for automating software provisioning, configuration management, and application deployment. It discusses how Ansible works and how it can help system administrators manage an increasing number of servers across virtual and cloud environments more efficiently.
The document introduces Ansible, an open source tool for automating software provisioning, configuration management, and application deployment. It discusses how Ansible works and how it can help system administrators manage an increasing number of servers across virtual and cloud environments more efficiently.
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as txt, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 30
INTRODU��O AO ANSIBLE
Autor: Vamberto Rocha JR
Contato: [email protected] -v1.0- Introdu��o ao Ansible Com o avan�o e a populariza��o das tecnologias de virtualiza��o e cloud, os administradores de sistemas gerenciam muito mais servidores do que antigamente, fazendo com que uSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinetSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller Small Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South DakotaSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South DakotaSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South DakotaSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South DakotaSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South DakotaSmall Parts Carousel &/8 4 4 #/4 #/4 #/4"-dia. hole, !/2"-deep BOTTOM BACK TOP DISCS #/4" hardwood dowel #/4" PVC pipe spacers 1 3!/2 3!/2 10!/2 #/4 11 #8 x 1!/2" Fh woodscrew NOTE: Upper disc has a notch cut in one hole NOTE: Dowel is glued into shallow holes in top and bottom NOTE: Top and bottom are mirror images of one another #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks !/8" chamfer NOTE: Discs, back, top, and bottom made from #/4" plywood !/4"-deep rabbet 4!/2 %/8"-rad. WoodsmithMagazine.com � 7 SUBMIT TIPS ONLINE If you have an original shop tip, we would like to hear from you and consider publishing your tip in one or more of our publications. Jump online and go to: Woodsmith.com and click on the link, �SUBMIT A TIP� You�ll be able to tell us all about your tip and upload your photos and drawings. You can also mail your tips to �Woodsmith Tips� at the editorial address shown on page 2. We will pay up to $200 if we publish your tip. RECEIVE FREE ETIPS BY EMAIL Now you can have the best time-saving secrets, solutions, and techniques sent directly to your email inbox. Just go to: Woodsmith.com and click on, �Woodsmith Tips� You�ll receive one of our favorite tips by email each and every week. LINE op r ns. m k, � hotos l DIGITAL WOODSMITH Whenever I get a new blade for my table saw, I generally make (or buy) a new table saw insert so that I have a zeroclearance insert to match each blade. As you might imagine, I have accumulated quite the collection of table saw inserts over the years. In order to better Table Saw Insert Caddy organize the inserts, I made the handy caddy you see above. PLYWOOD PROJECT. The front, bottom, and back have aligning grooves. I cut all of the grooves in one oversized piece and then cut the three parts to size. Cut 3/4"-wide rabbets in the front, sides, and back before !/2"-rad. #/4" ply. #/4 #/4" ply. 5!/2 #/4" ply. !/8" chamfer 9 NOTE: Space !/2" -wide grooves !/2" apart starting #/4" in from either edge 12 12 5#/8 !/2 8!/2 1!/2 #8 x 1!/4" L-hooks FRONT SIDE SIDE BACK BRACE BRACE BOTTOM 3%/8 9 9 5!/2 #/4" ply. NOTE: All grooves and rabbets are !/4" deep !/8" chamfer NOTE: All parts made from #/4" plywood #/4 #/8 BRACE BRACE SIDE SECTION VIEW BACK FRONT BOTTOM a. 2!/2 When I work on bulky items like large drawers and cabinets, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South Dakotabearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South Dakotas, I like to be able to rotate the workpiece for easier access to all sides of the project. My solution was to build several of these �roller bars� using 360� roller bearings (Sources, page 67). These bars are easy to make by attaching the roller bearings to a piece of �two-by� stock. A cleat fastened to one end of the bar butts against the edge of the workbench and helps to keep the bars aligned. For smaller projects, a piece of plywood or MDF can be laid across a few roller bars and used as a platform, as shown above. If sized properly, the roller bars can also serve as table saw outfeed rollers. Steve French Lakeland, Florida Roller Bars assembling the caddy with glue. For clearance to install on a pegboard panel, I chamfered the upper back edges. Gary Ingber Big Stone City, South Dakotama simples tarefa de atualiza��o dos servidores seja extremamente trabalhosa e demorada. O Ansible � uma ferramenta open source para orquestra��o e automa��o da configura��o de servidores, que veio para facilitar a vida dos administradores de sistemas. Com ele � poss�vel realizar tarefas como: Instala��o e atualiza��o de pacotes, configura��o e deploy de aplica��es, gerenciamento de usu�rios e varias outras tarefas administrativas com enorme ganho de desempenho e produtividade. Caracter�sticas � � Escrito em Python � Diferentemente de outras ferramentas como: Puppet e Chef, que s�o escritos em Ruby, o Ansible � escrito em Python que � uma linguagem interpretada, de script, imperativa e orientada a objetos; � N�o necessita de agentes � Diferentemente de outras feramentas de automa��o de configura��o como: Puppet e Chef, o Ansible n�o necessita que agentes sejam instalados nos hosts remotos; � Utiliza SSH para se conectar aos hosts remotos � O protolo SSH � utilizado para acesso seguro a hosts remotos, o Ansible utiliza esse protocolo para o acesso aos hosts; � Utiliza linguagem JINJA2 para os templates; � Utiliza a linguagem YAML para escrever os playbooks � YAML � uma linguagem que � facilmente entendida por seres humanos; � Vasta quantidade de m�dulos e c�digos no github � Atrav�s do site https://galaxy.ansible.com/ ou do comando ansible-galaxy, � poss�vel baixar e reutilizar playbooks escritos por outros usu�rios. Outra caracter�stica importante � que o Ansible funciona de forma idempotent, isso significa que um comando s� ser� aplicado quando ele realmente necessitar ser aplicado. Para entender melhor o que significa ser idempotent, imagine que foi escrita uma tarefa para instalar um determinado pacote, ao ser executada primeiramente o Ansible ir� verificar se o pacote existe no host remoto, caso n�o exista a tarefa ser� executada e o pacote ser� instalado, caso exista a tarefa n�o ser� executada. Esse comportamento vale para o Ansible de uma forma geral, apenas a tarefa de instala��o de pacotes. Instala��o O Ansible n�o necessita ser instalado em todos os hosts do seu parque de servidores, apenas no host que ir� gerenciar os outros. � necess�rio apenas que nos servidores que ser�o gerenciados, tamb�m chamados de hosts remotos, se tenha instalado um interpretador python. Caso o interpretador python instalado na m�quina remota seja inferior a vers�o 2.5, � necess�rio a instala��o do pacote python-simplejson A instala��o do Ansible no host de ger�ncia � bem simples, n�o s�o exigidos daemons ou banco de dados. Mesmo sendo poss�vel a instala��o do Ansible atrav�s do c�digo fonte, s� irei abordar a instala��o atrav�s dos gerenciadores de pacotes YUM e APT, que � a forma sugerida pelo pr�prio site da ferramenta. Sistema Operacionais Red Hat Like Para instala��o do Ansible em sistema operacionais baseados em Red Hat (Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS), � necess�rio adicionar ao gerenciador de pacotes YUM o reposit�rio EPEL e em seguida, executar o seguinte comando: $ yum install ansible Sistemas Operacionais Debian Like Para instala��o do Ansible em sistema operacionais baseados em Debian (Debian, Ubuntu), � necess�rio executar os seguintes comandos: $ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common $ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install ansible Ap�s a instala��o, o comando � $anisble �version � poder� ser executado para verificar qual a vers�o do Ansible foi instalada. Para maiores informa��es sobre a instala��o do Ansible em outras plataformas, ou at� utilizando o c�digo fonte, basta acessar a p�gina da documenta��o oficinal da ferramenta cujo endere�o �: http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_installation.html Comandos Com a instala��o do pacote ansible alguns comandos, listados logo abaixo, s�o adicionados ao path do sistema operacional. Iremos detalhar cada um dos comandos e termos apresentandos posteriormente. � ansible � Executa tasks (tarefas) em hosts � ansible-doc � Exibe a documenta��o dos m�dulos do ansible � ansible-galaxy � Gerencia roles utilizando a comunidade galaxy.ansible.com � ansible-playbook - Executa um ansible playbook � ansible-pull � � utilizado para configurar uma c�pia remota do ansible em cada host gerenciado. � ansible-vault � Criptografa e ger�ncia arquivos criptografados YAML Conceitos Importantes O Ansible n�o � uma ferramenta complexa, por�m existem muitos termos e conceitos que s�o importantes para a sua correta utiliza��o. Acredito que para come�armos a utiliza-lo � importante aprendermos os itens listados a seguir: � Inventory � Lista de hosts que ir�o receber os comandos executados pelo servidor Ansible; � Modules � Controlam os recursos (servi�os, pacotes, arquivos, etc.) do host remoto; � Tasks � Tarefa que ser� executada no(s) host(s); � Playbook - Conjunto de tarefas que ser�o executadas no(s) host(s); � Roles - S�o maneiras de carregar automaticamente determinados arquivos como: vars_files, tasks e handles com base numa estrutura de arquivo conhecidos. Inventory O invent�rio � uma parte importante na arquitetura do Ansible, � nele que ser� definida a lista de hosts que ir�o receber os comandos do servidor Ansible. Por padr�o, o invent�rio est� localizado em /etc/ansible/hosts, mas nada impede que voc� informe o invent�rio de hosts em outro lugar, utilizando a op��o -i ao executar playbooks e comandos adhoc. Al�m de hosts, o invent�rio pode se utilizado para declara��o de vari�veis e par�metros para acesso do Ansible ao host remoto. Lembrando que o Ansible sempre utiliza os hosts definidos no arquivo de invent�rio para execu��o de playbooks e comandos ad-hoc. Em seguida � apresentado um exemplo de arquivo /etc/ansible/hosts e no Anexo I desse documento s�o listados alguns par�metros que podem ser declarados no arquivo de invent�rio. mail.example.com #Definindo grupo de servidores webservers [webservers] foo.example.com bar.example.com host1 http_port=80 maxRequestsPerChild=808 #Definindo grupo de servidores dbservers [dbservers] one.example.com two.example.com # Definindo grupo global web no inventory [web:children] webservers dbservers # Definindo vari�veis para o grupo webservers no inventory [webservers:vars] ntp_server=ntp.example.com proxy=proxy.example.com M�dulos O Ansible possui uma grande quantidade de m�dulos predefinidos que podem ser utilizados para executar tarefas nos hosts remotos tanto atrav�s de comandos ad-hoc (executam apenas uma tarefa) como de playbooks (executam v�rias tarefas), al�m disso, os usu�rios podem escrever seus pr�prios m�dulos. Para obter mais informa��es sobre os m�dulos do Ansible, basta acessar o endere�o http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/modules.html ou utilizar os seguintes comandos: � $ansible-doc -l : Lista todos os m�dulos predefinidos do Ansible � $ansible-doc [nome_do_m�dulo]: Exibe informa��es espec�ficas de um m�dulo Comandos Ansible Ad-Hoc Lembrando que os hosts que ir�o receber as altera��es realizadas pelo Ansibles, devem estar cadastrados no arquivo de invent�rio /etc/ansible/hosts ou em qualquer outro arquivo desde que ao executar o comando ad-hoc ou playbook seja expecificado o arquivo de hosts com a op��o -i Segue o comando Ansible para executar tarefas $ansible <host> [op��es] <host>- Host ou grupo de hosts que ser�o afetados pelo comando, all pode ser definido para referenciar todos os hosts do arquivo de invent�rio. Seguem algumas op��es importantes do comando ansible -i [invent�rio] � Especificando um arquivo de invent�rio ex: -i /ansible/hosts -m [m�dulo] � Especificando m�dulo -u [usu�rio] � Especificando usu�rio SSH para acesso remoto -k � A senha do usu�rio ssh ser� solicitada ap�s a execu��o do comando -s � O modo super usu�rio (sudo) ir� ser utilizado para execu��o do comando -K � A senha sudo do usu�rio ir� ser� solicitada ap�s execu��o do comando -a [�modules_args�] - Define algumentos dos m�dulos -a [�comando linux�] - Comando Linux a ser executado num host remoto -- version � Exibe a vers�o instalada do Ansible Segue o comando Ansible para executar tarefas utilizando m�dulos: $ansible <host> -m <m�dulo> -a �<par�metros_do_modulo>� Com a execu��o do comando, voc� dever� receber no prompt de comando algumas mensagens informando o resultado e se ele foi realizado com sucesso ou falha. O quadro abaixo apresenta a execu��o de um comando ansible especificando apenas o host chamado �wolverine� onde o comando linux hostname � executado no host remoto, e como resultado � mostrado que foi realizado com sucesso e na ultima linha o resultado de sua execu��o. $ansible wolverine -i hosts -a "hostname" wolverine | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> wolverine Segue abaixo alguns exemplos de comandos ad-hoc Ansible utilizando os mais variados m�dulos: Testando conectividade do Ansible #Executa um ping entre os hosts $ansible tomcat1 -i /ansible/hosts -m ping -u root -k Gathering Facts Ansible #lista as veri�veis facts do host tomcat1 $ansible tomcat1 -i /ansible/hosts -m setup -u root -k Execu��o de comandos linux #Lista informa��es de mem�ria de todos os hosts cadastrados no arquivo host $ansible all -i /ansible/hosts -a �free -m� -u root -k #Lista informa��es de parti��es do host remoto server1 $ansible server1 -i /ansible/hosts -a �df -m� -u root -k #Reinicia o servi�o httpd no host remoto webhost $ansible webhost -i /ansible/hosts -a �service httpd restart� -u root -k Instala��o de pacotes #Instala o pacote httpd(apache) em servidor Red Hat Like $ansible webservers -m yum -a "name=httpd state=present" -u root -k #Instala o pacote iptraf em servidor Debian Like $ansible webservers -m apt -a "name=iptraf state=present" -u root -k Gerenciamento de servi�os #Verifica se o servi�o httpd est� iniciado, caso n�o esteja ele ser� iniciado $ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=started" -u root -k Gerenciamento de usu�rios #Cria o usu�rio de nome user1 em todos os hosts presentes no arquivo hosts $ansible all -m user -a "name=user1 password=<crypted password here>" -u root -k Gerencimento de arquivos e pastas #Copia o arquivo /etc/hosts do host local para o arquivo /tmp/hosts do host remoto atlanta. $ansible atlanta -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/tmp/hosts" -u root -k #Cria o diret�rio /backup/mp3 no host remoto webserver setando alguns par�metros de permiss�o. $ansible webserver -m file -a "dest=/backup/mp3 mode=755 owner=vamberto group=admin state=directory" -u root -k Gerenciamento de Banco de Dados Mysql #Cria o database diretoria no mysql do host remoto dbserver $ansible dbserver -m mysql_db -a � name=diretoria state=present� #Cria o usu�rio admin, define sua senha e privil�gios no mysql do host remoto dbserver $ansible dbserver -m mysql_user -a �name=admin password=12345 priv=*.*:ALL state=present� Uma lista com todos os m�dulos, e seus par�metros, est� dispon�vel no endere�o: http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/modules_by_category.html. � recomend�vel que voc� acesse o endere�o e verifique os principais m�dulos, juntamente com os par�metros para a sua utiliza��o. Playbooks Playbooks s�o o motivo pelo qual o Ansible ser uma ferramenta t�o poderosa, s�o com eles que realizamos a automa��o da configura��o e orquestra��o de servidores. Se com os comandos ad-hoc n�s realizamos apenas uma tarefa por vez, com o uso de playbooks n�s realizamos varias tarefas de uma s� vez. Desde a instala��o de pacotes, configura��o e deploy de aplica��es, verifica��o de servi�os, atualiza��o do sistema, etc. Como foi dito anteriormente, os playbooks s�o escritos numa linguagem chamada YAML que � de f�cil interpreta��o pelos humanos. Para criarmos o nosso primeiro playbook, primeiramente devemos criar um arquivo (com editor de texto de sua prefer�ncia) iniciando ele com os caracteres � --- �, isso sinaliza que o arquivo � escrito com a linguagem YAML, em seguida declaramos quais os hosts ou grupos de hosts (de acordo com o invent�rio de hosts criado anteriormente) com a op��o � � hosts: �, utilizamos a op��o � tasks: � e depois disso podemos declarar as tarefas (tasks) que o playbook ir� executar nos hosts remotos. --- - hosts: <hosts> tasks: - name: <Nome da tarefa> <modulo>: <par�metros_do_modulo> Algumas concidera��es devem ser feitas: A indenta��o � uma parte fundamental da linguagem YAML, linhas de c�digos com erro de indeta��o causar�o falha ao tentar executar o playbook. � poss�vel escrever tarefas (tasks) sem a op��o �- name�, por�m aconselho utiliz�-la pois a descri��o utilizada na op��o ir� aparecer durante a execu��o do playbook, tornando assim muito mais f�cil de sabermos o que est� sendo executado. O exemplo de c�digo informado acima cont�m apenas o m�nimo necess�rio para se escrever um playbook, vari�veis, configura��o de conex�o, permiss�es, etc. Tamb�m podem ser declaradas no playbook. Exemplos mais detalhados ser�o apresentados posteriormente. Utiliza��o de playbooks (exemplo 1) Antes de partirmos para a cria��o do nosso primeiro playbook, irei apresentar o ambiente de teste criado. Instalei uma m�quina de teste no virtualbox (ambiente virtual) cujo hostname � ansibletest com endere�o ip 192.168.0.100/24, essa m�quina receber� as configura��es da m�quina ansible, cujo endere�o ip � 192.168.0.10/24. O host ansible utiliza o sistema operacional Ubuntu 14.04 e possui instalado o pacote ansible, enquanto o host ansibletest utiliza o sistema operacional CentOS 7.0 e ter� o interpretador python instalado. Na m�quina Ansible criei uma entrada IP/hosname no arquivo /etc/hosts, referenciando a m�quina ansibletest e configurei o uso do SSH sem senha da m�quina ansible para a m�quina ansibletest. /etc/hosts da m�quina ansible 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 ansible 192.168.0.100 ansibletest A pasta /ansible foi criada para armazenar o arquivo de hosts e todos os playbooks criados. Primeiramente temos que criar um arquivo /ansible/hosts (com o editor de textos de sua escolha) que funcionar� como nosso invent�rio, esse arquivo ter� apenas o nome do host remoto que ir� receber os comandos declarados no playbook, no nosso caso, esse arquivo ter� apenas o nome ansibletest. Caso o host remoto n�o tenha uma entrada no DNS, voc� pode utilizar o endere�o IP ao inv�s do nome. Em seguida, na mesma pasta onde o arquivo de hosts est� criado, vamos criar um arquivo chamado playbook_apache.yml com as linhas apresentadas abaixo: /ansible/playbook_apache.yml --- - hosts: all tasks: - name: Atualizando o sistema operacional yum: name=* state=latest - name: Instalando a vers�o mais atual do apache yum: name=httpd state=latest Figura 1: Topologia do ambiente de teste - name: Garantindo que o apache est� rodando service: name=httpd enabled=yes state=running Esse playbook ser� aplicado em todos os servidores declarados no arquivo hosts e ir� executar 3 tarefas: Atualiza��o do sistema operacional, instala��o da vers�o mais recente do servidor web Apache e garantir que o Apache esteja rodando e configurado para se iniciado automaticamente na inicializa��o do sistema operacional. � importante salientar que as tasks (tarefas) no ansible s�o executadas na ordem em que elas s�o declaradas no arquivo playbook. Para executar o playbook criado, basta acessar a pasta /ansible e digitar o seguinte comando: $ansible-playbook -i hosts playbook_apache.yml Na Figura Erro: Origem da refer�ncia n�o encontrada 2 � apresentado o resultado da execu��o do playbook_apache.yml. Na primeira task �Atualizando o sistema operacional� nenhuma altera��o foi realizada, o Sistema Operacional j� estava atualizado. Na segunda e terceira task � Instalando a vers�o mais atual do apache� e �Garantido que o apache est� rodando� respectivamente, podemos perceber que o Ansible realizou altera��es, instalando e inicializando o servidor web Apache. Figura 2: Execu��o do playbook_apache.yml Observando melhor a imagem, al�m da execu��o das 3 tasks que declaramos no playbook, uma quarta task foi executada, a �setup�. A task setup �, por padr�o, sempre executada e ela � utilizada na descoberta de vari�veis chamadas de facts do host remoto. Iremos explicar melhor o que s�o e como fazer uso das facts posteriormente. Utiliza��o de playbooks (exemplo 2) No exemplo 2 n�s iremos escrever um playbook que ir� instalar o servi�o Network Time Protocol (NTP) no host ansible teste e ir� configura-lo para que ele busque a hora num suposto servidor ntp em nossa rede (ntpserver.minharede.com) no host ansibletest. O playbook apresentado abaixo ser� aplicado em todos os hosts do arquivo hosts e ir� executar 3 tarefas: Instala��o do pacote ntp, copiar o arquivo de configura��o (ntp.conf) da m�quina onde o ansible est� executando para o host remoto e efetuar o restart do servi�o ntp. Vamos utilizar a mesma topologia e arquivo hosts apresentados no exemplo 1. Na mesma pasta onde o arquivo de hosts est� criado, vamos criar um arquivo chamado playbook_ntp.yml com o conte�do apresentado abaixo: /ansible/playbook_ntp.yml --- - hosts: all tasks: - name: Instalando a vers�o mais atual do ntp yum: name=ntp state=latest - name: Copiando o arq de configura��o do ntp copy: src=/ansible/files/ntp.conf dest=/etc/ntp.conf - name: Garantindo que o servi�o ntp est� rodando service: name=ntp state=reloaded Al�m do arquivo playbook_ntp.yml, n�s precisamos criar o arquivo ntp.conf na pasta /ansible/files para que ele seja copiado e substitua o arquivo /etc/ntp.conf no host remoto. /ansible/files/ntp.conf driftfile /var/lib/ntp/ntp.drift statsdir /var/log/ntpstats/ statistics loopstats peerstats clockstats filegen loopstats file loopstats type day enable filegen peerstats file peerstats type day enable filegen clockstats file clockstats type day enable server ntpserver.minharede.com restrict 127.0.0.1 restrict ntpserver.minharede.com restrict ::1 Para executar o playbook criado, basta digitar o seguinte comando: $ansible-playbook -i hosts playbook_ntp.yml Na Figura Erro: Origem da refer�ncia n�o encontrada 3 � apresentado o resultado da execu��o do playbook_ntp.yml. Na primeira task o Ansible ir� instalar a vers�o mais atual do NTP, Na segunda e terceira task respectivamente o Ansible ir� copiar o arquivo de configura��o que criamos para o host ansibletest e reiniciar o servi�o NTP. Como prova que o Ansible funciona de maneira idempotent, executei novamente o mesmo playbook e o resultado pode ser conferido na Figura Erro: Origem da refer�ncia n�o encontrada 4. Figura 3: Primeira execu��o do playbook_ntp.yml Como podemos perceber, o Ansible n�o realizou nenhuma altera��o nas tarefas de instala��o e copia do arquivo de configura��o do NTP, pois ambos j� tinham sido realizadas na primeira execu��o do playbook_ntp.yml Conclus�o Apensar do pouco apresentado at� agora, podemos perceber o qu�o poderosa e �til � o Ansible no gerenciamento da configura��o e osquestra��o dos servidores, nos exemplos apresentados nesse documento, executamos tarefas em apenas um host, mas e se tiv�ssemos dezenas, centenas ou at� milhares de hosts para administrar ? Na pr�xima vers�o desse documento, ao qual j� est� em desenvolvimento, irei apresentar alguns conceitos mais avan�ados do Ansible, a utiliza��o de vari�veis, configura��o de aplica��es usando templates, notifica��o de servi�os utilizando handlers, organiza��o e execu��o de playbooks utilizando roles, criptografia utilizando o ansible-vault. Figura 4: Segunda execu��o do playbook_ntp.yml Anexo I No anexo I � apresentado uma lista com par�metros que podem ser utilizados na comunica��o entre o servidor Ansible e o(s) host(s) remoto(s). Todas esses par�metros apresentados foram retirados do site da documental��o oficial do Ansible, que pode ser acessa atrav�s do endere�o http://docs.ansible.com/ . ansible_connection - Connection type to the host. This can be the name of any of ansible�s connection plugins. Common connection types are local, smart, ssh or paramiko. The default is smart. SSH connection: ansible_host - The name of the host to connect to, if different from the alias you wish to give to it. ansible_port - The ssh port number, if not 22 ansible_user -The default ssh user name to use. ansible_ssh_pass - The ssh password to use (this is insecure, we strongly recommend using --ask-pass or SSH keys) ansible_ssh_private_key_file - Private key file used by ssh. Useful if using multiple keys and you don�t want to use SSH agent. ansible_ssh_common_args - This setting is always appended to the default command line for sftp, scp, and ssh. Useful to configure a ProxyCommand for a certain host (or group). ansible_sftp_extra_args - This setting is always appended to the default sftp command line. ansible_scp_extra_args - This setting is always appended to the default scp command line. ansible_ssh_extra_args - This setting is always appended to the default ssh command line. ansible_ssh_pipelining - Determines whether or not to use SSH pipelining. This can override the pipelining setting in ansible.cfg. Privilege escalation ansible_become - Equivalent to ansible_sudo or ansible_su, allows to force privilege escalation ansible_become_method - Allows to set privilege escalation method ansible_become_user - Equivalent to ansible_sudo_user or ansible_su_user, allows to set the user you become through privilege escalation ansible_become_pass - Equivalent to ansible_sudo_pass or ansible_su_pass, allows you to set the privilege escalation password Remote host environment parameters: ansible_shell_type - The shell type of the target system. You should not use this setting unless you have set the ansible_shell_executable to a non-Bourne (sh) compatible shell. By default commands are formatted using sh-style syntax. Setting this to csh or fish will cause commands executed on target systems to follow those shell�s syntax instead. ansible_python_interpreter - The target host python path. This is useful for systems with more than one Python or not located at /usr/bin/python such as *BSD, or where /usr/bin/python is not a 2.X series Python. We do not use the /usr/bin/env mechanism as that requires the remote user�s path to be set right and also assumes the python executable is named python, where the executable might be named something like python2.6. ansible_*_interpreter - Works for anything such as ruby or perl and works just like ansible_python_interpreter. This replaces shebang of modules which will run on that host.