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Major project report on

“FABRICATION OF ELECTRIC CAR BY USING CHAIN MECHANISM”

Submitted to
JNTU, Hyderabad
In partial fulfillment of the
Requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted By

K.VINOD KUMAR 15QP1A0322

MD.ABUZAR 15QP1A0339
K.NARESH 15QP1A0324
M.UDAY KIRAN 15QP1A0335
G.NAGARJUNA REDDY 15QP1A0319

Under the esteemed Guidance of

Mr. D. JALANDAR M.Tech

Assistant Professor

Department of

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Sri Kavitha Educational Society’s
KHAMMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES
(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad)
Ponnekal (Vill), Khammam (Rural), KHAMMAM-507 170 (T.S)
(2018-2019)

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 Sri Kavitha Educational Society’s
KHAMMAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCES
(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad)
Ponnekal (Vill), Khammam (Rural), KHAMMAM-507 170 (T.S)
(2018-2019)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “FABRICATION OF ELECTRIC CAR
BY USING CHAIN MECHANISM” being submitted by following students

K.VINOD KUMAR 15QP1A0322

MD.ABUZAR 15QP1A0339
K.NARESH 15QP1A0324
M.UDAY KIRAN 15QP1A0335
G.NAGARJUNA REDDY 15QP1A0319

In partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Affiliated to the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University
is a record of bonafied work carried out by them under my guidance and supervision.

The result embodied in this viva has not been submitted to any other University or
Institute for the award of any degree.

Internal Guide Head of the Department Principal

External Examiner

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our gratitude to all the people behind the screen who helped us
to transform an idea into a real application.

We would like to express our heart-felt gratitude to our parents without whom we would
not have been privileged to achieve and fulfill our dreams. We are grateful to our principal, Prof.
V. DAMODARA NAIDU M .Tech[IIT,KGP],Ph.D(JNTUH),FIIPE who most ably run the institution and
has had the major hand in enabling us to do my project.

We profoundly thank Mr. N. ARUN BABU, M.Tech, (Ph.D), Head of the Department and
Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering who has been an excellent guide and also a
great source of inspiration to our work.

We would like to thank our internal guide Mr. D. JALENDAR M.Tech Assistant
Professor of Mechanical Engineering Department for his technical guidance in doing this
project FABRICATION OF ELECTRIC CAR BY USING CHAIN MECHANISM.

The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of the task
would be great but incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible with they
constant guidance and encouragement crowns all the efforts with success. In this context, we
would like thank all the other staff members, both teaching and non teaching, which have
extended their timely help and eased our task

Major Project Submitted By

K.VINOD KUMAR 15QP1A0322

MD.ABUZAR 15QP1A0339
K.NARESH 15QP1A0324
M.UDAY KIRAN 15QP1A0335
G.NAGARJUNA REDDY 15QP1A0319

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 ABSTRACT
Here in the U.S., the first successful electric car made its debut around 1890 thanks to
William Morrison, a chemist who lived in Des Moines, Iowa. His six-passenger vehicle capable
of a top speed of 14 miles per hour was little more than an electrified wagon, but it helped spark
interest in electric vehicles ,To understand the popularity of electric vehicles circa 1900.

It is also important to understand the development of the personal vehicle and the other
options available. Some of the first self-propelled vehicles in the late 1700s relied on steam; yet
it took until the 1870s for the technology to take hold in cars. Part of this is because steam wasn’t
very practical for personal vehicles. Steam vehicles required long startup times sometimes up to
45 minutes in the cold and would need to be refilled with water, limiting their range.

We made working model of an electrical car using pmdc motor we use frame of iron
and the main important parts are chain mechanism and controller battery and throttle are used to
make in electrical car, two wheel drive steering mechanism base frame is welding with arc
welding frame is covered with play wooden sheet.

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 CONTENTS
Title Page No.

CERTIFICATES i & ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

ABSTRACT iv

CHAPTER – 1

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Terminology 1

1.2 Economics 1

1.2.1 Total cost of ownership 2

1.2.2 Purchase cost 2

1.2.3 Operating cost 3

1.2.4 Manufacturing cost 3

1.3 Environmental aspects 3

CHAPTER – 2

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 4

CHAPTER – 3
3. COMPONENTS OF ELECTRICAL CAR 6

3.1 Battery 6

3.1.1 Types of Batteries 8

3.2 PMDC motor 16

3.2.1 Working principle 17

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 3.2.2 Construction 17

3.2.3 Characteristics 18

3.3 Tyres 28

3.4 Frame 28

3.6 Brakes 32

3.6.1 Drum Brakes 39

3.7 Axle 42

CHAPTER – 4
4. DEFINITION OF CHAIN DRIVE SYSTEM 46
4.1 Types of Kinematic Chains 46

4.2 Chain Drive System 48

4.3 Steering System 56

4.4 Working Principle 58

4.5 Electrical Pedal Throttle 59

4.6 Electrical Controller 60

4.6.1 Definition 60

4.6.2 Principles of Operation 60

CONCLUSION 61

REFERENCES 62

PHOTO GALLERY 63

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