PDF Alochana Shodh Patrika 2

ISSN : 2394-2673 cjl % 1 vad % 2
2015
laj{kd
guqeku dksBkjh
vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk
laiknd iz;kl laLFkku] pw: jkS lkyh.kkS NkikS
MkW- Ñ’.kk tk[kM+
izca/k laiknd jktLFkkuh dFkkdkj

nqykjke lgkj.k jkeLo:i fdlku % ckjhd ckr jkS cstksM+ fljtd @ MkW- lR;ukjk;.k lksuh
55
Hkjr vksGk % jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh /;kau tkrjk @ ekyapn frokM+h
Nki.kgkj 33
iz;kl laLFkku
iz;kl Hkou
rktw'kkg rfd;S jS lkEgha] jktLFkkuh miU;kldkj
/keZLrwi] vUukjke lqnkek @ MkW- xtsflag jktiqjksfgr
pw:&331001 jktLFkku 12
94143 27734
rkdM+h
website vkxwap mrjknh dgk.kh @ MkW- psru Lokeh
www.prayassansthan.org
16
email
[email protected] jktLFkkuh efgyk ys[ku
jktLFkkuh fQD”ku esa efgyk ys[ku @ iq’iyrk d”;i
9
vkoj.k
t;izdk”k ekul jktLFkkuh xhfr dkO;
vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh xhrka jh laosnuk vj lekt@ MkW- vkbZnkuflag HkkVh
3
fc.kt&fogw.kkS NkikS ikB&laiknu
lxGk in v.k/;kM+hyk “kks/k&laiknu vj vkykspuk@ MkW- enu lSuh
7
eksy
vsd iM+r % R 100
lkyh.kkS % R 100
cgh[kkrkS
cjl 2014 jkS jktLFkkuh lkfgR; @ MkW- egsUnz ehy
lxGk Hkqxrku îz;kl laLFkku] pw:* jS ukao 26
euhvkMZj@cSad Mªk¶V lwa djhtSA
Lokeh izdk'kd] eqnzd iz;kl laLFkku] iz;kl

“kks/k
Hkou]rktw'kkg rfd;S jS lkEgha] /keZLrwi] jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh vo/kkj.kk vj jktLFkkuh ukVd@ MkW- xkSjh”kadj dqypanz
pw:&331001 ¼jktLFkku½ [kkrj v/;{k] 41
iz;kl laLFkku ,oa izca/k laiknd nqykjke e-xa-fla fo-fo- % jktLFkkuh jS ys[kS tltksx dkae @ “kadjflag jktiqjksfgr
lgkj.k dkauh lwa Nih vj vxzoky fizaVlZ] ubZ 62
lM+d] pw:&331001 ¼jktLFkku½ lwa NkihthA
NI;k fopkj ys[kdka jk futw U;k; [ksrj pw:

?kjchrh&ijchrh
MkW- —’.kk tk[kM+
lkfgR;&c[kkjh jh lcGkbZ vj uokS /kkau
feu[k gjesl bZ nks; R;kxrka fcpkGS tw>rkS vkapG jesM+kS gqoS½ vkijh dye pykoS] dksjh dYiuk uS bZ ikBd ijuS ljdkorkS fuxS
jS;kS gSA cqf) vj nsgh jh R;kxr fcpkGSA dqnjr vkykspd ¼lÙkk vj cqf) nksuqoka uS vsd.k lkFkS vkoSA dchj vkt bZ tu&tu jkS daBgkj gS vj
jS fpj&fdyksGka je.kS vj rduhd jh lqfo/kkoka ikGS½ djr.kh iukjîka R;kj jSoSA nksuwa jhfrdkyhu dfork] dkO; jh nhB lwa ywaBh gqorh
jS Hkksx fcpkGSA dnSbZ m.k nsgh ika.k tq)ka uS vki&vkijkS /kje fuHkkoSA fljtd cxr lwa nks; Fkdh bZ dha FkkdSA mLrkn jh dfork psrS jSoS] jklkS
vatkae nhUgk rkS dnSbZ cqf) jS rkcS vk;sM+kS ikaoMk vkxS pkyS i.k vkykspd gjesl bZ cxr jk in uhaA ehl.k jh ôhj lrlbZ* daBk fcjktS]
lkekftd ln~Hkko jk xhr xkorkS jS;kSA dBSbZ m.k lkFkS ikSM+ ctkoSA fy[kkjS vj vkykspd tn i.k ôa”k HkkLdj* uhaA
dqnjr jh xksnh esa cSBuS izse jk xhr xk;k rkS iNS vsd&nwtS uS ekr nso.k jh rsoM+h rn lkfgR; vSM+h fFkfr esa pk;S fd.kh nsl vj Hkklk jkS
dBSbZ jktikV jS pDdjka esa x<&EgSyka jk HkkBk nksuqoka uS bZ iVd.kh nhUghA lkfgR; gqokS] vkykspuk dje oha okLrS egrkÅ
HksGk djrkS fQjîkSA tBS&tBS m.k jh cqf) dS iNS fc;ka rkS ys[kd jh ys[kuh fd.kh bZ vkykspuk Hkwfedk fuHkkoSA jktLFkkuh lkfgR; cjlka lwa
dSoka fgM+nS jkS i[k etcwr gq;kS oBS&oBS m.k jh eksgrkt uha gqoS i.k iNSbZ fd.kh jpuk uS i<slfj;ka lkEgha jS;kS gSA cxr lkFkS b.k vkijh
fdjl.k c.kuS izhr jk xhr lq.kk;k] feu[k uS nsl&dkG jh lhao lwa ikj djko.kS esa vkykspuk jkS nhB vj ilokM+kS QksjîkS gSA vkykspuk dje bZ
feu[k c.kko.k jh [kspG djhA i.k tBS m.k jh eksVkS gkFk gqoSA HkykabZ okS cxrkow le> jk[kSA yxkSyx gqorkS jS;kS] i.k vkykspuk esa ft.k lektw
ykGlk jktlÙkk uS etcwr c.kko.kS jh dS iNS ps[ko] xksdhZ] johanzukFk Bkdqj] “kjrpanz] ckck nhB jh njdkj gh ok derh bZ jS;hA ujksÙkenkl
vkijS rkSj&rjhdka lwa nqfu;k pyko.kS jh gqorh Qjhn] dchj] r-f”k- fiGGS] fujkyk tSM+k fdÙkk Lokeh] Bk- jkeflag] lw;Zdj.k ikjhd vkn jGuS
jS;h oBS okS /ku[k&cka.k ys;uS taxG esa fQjîkS bZ dyedkjka jh ys[kuh nsl&dkG jh lhao Hkkatrh ikaMqfyfi;ka ekFkS tSM+kS dkae djîkS oSM+S dkae jh
vj vkijS /kje&fojks/kh dS nwtS fopkjka uS fuxS vkoSA b.k iljko esa vksykpdka vj vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh lkfgR; ekFkS gqo.kS jh vtSbZ
iks[kf.k;ka uS ekjrkS jS;kS vj gjesl bZ Hkxokau “kks/kkfFkZ;ka jkS egrkÅ tksxnkau jS;kSA vkykspuk njdkj gSA jkeukFk dfo;k] x.ks”khyky O;kl
gqo.kS jkS naHk HkjrkS jS;kSA tBS “kqDy c.kuS dchj uS udkjS oBSbZ gtkjh mLrkn] lR;izdk”k tks”kh] jsornkau pkj.k]
lkfgR; b.k nksuwa i[kk fcpkGS ix jksI;ka izlkn c.kuS dchj uS dkGthr crkoSA ft.k dUgS;kyky lsfB;k] ukjk;.kflag HkkVh] fot;nkau
jk[;kA pk;S lkaVh dq.kbZ pykbZ gqoS( lkfgR; ^twgh jh dyh* uS egkohj izlkn v”yhy crk;uS nsFkk] vUukjke lqnkek] Jhyky uFkey tks”kh]
vkijkS /kje gjesl iwjîkSA ft.k ;wuku esa gksej iwBh eksM+S] ok bZ ^twgh jh dyh* lkfgR; jh /kkjk uS fxj/kkjhflag ifM+gkj vkn jS lkfgR; ekFkS ft.k
jS dkO; jkS oBS jk tokau pko law vuq”khyu djrk uokS eksM+ nsoSA vkykspd jh nhB dfo&dFkkdkj jS nhB lwa dkae gqo.kkS pkghtS gkS] m.kjh gky rkabZ
oBSbZ LikVkZ lwa tq) esa gkjîksM+S ^,FksUl* jkS IysVkS lkFkS pkyS vk bZ i.k t:jh uha gqoSA vkykspuk jktLFkkuh ikBdka uS mMhd gSA jktLFkkuh esa tdh
dfo vj m.k jh dfork nksuqoka uS >wBh crkoSA lk: vk t:jh bZ gqoS dS m.kjh vkijh bZ nhB iksFkh&ij[k jh ijaijk gky rkabZ pkyS] vkykspuk
bÙkkSbZ uha( okS yksdrkaf=d ,FksUl uS vf/kuk;dra= gqo.kh pkghtSA pk;S jpukdkj dq.k bZ gqoS] Qxr uS m.klwa dha chtkS dkae eku.kkS pkghtSA
c.kko.kS jkS i[kdkj bZ c.k tkoSA vk cxr jh jpuk lkEgha gqo.kh pkghtSA vkykspd jkS laca/k vkykspuk cxr&fFkfr&BkSM+ vj iksFkh& lxGka uS
ekax ghA dha cxr iNS b.kh IysVkS jk psyk lkfgR; jpukdkj lwa uha] jpuk lwa gq;k djSA jpukdkj lkFkS ys;uS pkyS vj ij[k Qxr iksFkh uS ns[kSA
jS Hkko&i[k jk iSjksdkj c.kuS ÅHkk gq;kA lqdjkr xkS.k vj jpuk [kklA rn bZ vkykspd] cMsjk jpukdkj lkfgR;&c[kkjh jh lcGkbZ gq;k
tSM+S egkau fopkjd jh ekSr vkijh vka[;ka ns[krS vkykspd c.kS vj jpuk fu[kjuS ikBd jh djS i.k ;qok oha esa HkjhtrS ywaBS uoS /kkau jk
IysVkS uS ,FksUl jh ckSf)drk >wBh ykxS] oBSbZ le> c/kkoSA fgek;rh ekuhtSA jktLFkku esa gky vS nksuaw i[k
jktifjokj jS lq[k esa iGrS vjLrw uS dkO; vj i`Fohjkt jklkS ekFkS tn vSfrgkfld rF;ka jh lkaoBk vj lcGkbZ lwa ÅHkk gSA njdkj gS Qxr nhB
ckSf)drk esa dBSbZ deh uha nh[kSA feF;rk jkS vkjksi ykxS rn vkykspuk ohauS ywaBh jh vj chth Hkklkoka jS lkfgR;&vuq”khyu jhA
tho.k jS b.k lq[k&nq[k jh ?kM+h jkS bZ vlj gS dfork lkcr djrh Fkdh dSoS dS b.kuS lko gky nsl&nqfu;k jkS feu[k vsd vtdS&lS
dS lkfgR; vkijkS :i gjesl cnGîkSA m.k dBSbZ lkfgfR;d nhB lwa ns[k.k jh njdkj gSA cxr uS HkksxSA vkik/kkih jkS cxr dS iNS rM+krM+h
ekr uha HkksxhA feu[k ft.k cxr] ft.k :i esa vSfrgkfld rF; bZ <wa<.kk gS rn bfrgkl jS xzaFkka jkS vkS cxr feu[k uS vkijh nhB cnG.k lk:
t#r eSlwlh] lkfgR; vkijkS vkapG ilkjuS esa <wa<kSA panjcjnkbZ bfrgkl uha fy[kuS dkO; cscl djSA jktLFkkuh jkS ;qok bZ b.k cxr&ck;jS
ÅHkkS jS;kSA feu[k tSM+k Qwy pk;k] lkfgR; fy[;kS vj okS bZ dkO;”kkL= jS fu;eka eqtcA lwa U;kjkS uha gS] okS bZ vkijh uoh nhB lkFkS
vkapG jS iYyS lwa ys; yhUgkA dkO; rkS dfo jh dYiuk :ih ihM+ lwa tyesM+h vkxhuS c/kSA cl t#r gS dS vkykspd vj
lkfgR; feu[k jh nksxkpharh lwa dnSbZ uha larku gqoSA “kks/kkFkhZ m.k uoh nhB uS le>S vj idM+uS
gkjîkS i.k feu[k bZ vkijh gkj uS dnSbZ uha HkykabZ lkfgR; dYiuk jh nsu gqokS i.k dksjh uokS&dha lwaiSA
vaxsthA tn&tn fy[kkjkS ¼dqnjr jS xq.kka jS dYiuk rkS bZ okS uha gq; ldSA cxr jh ekax lkFkS
vad& 2015 2 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

jktLFkkuh xhfr dkO; vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh xhrka jh laosnuk vj lekt
MkW- vkbZnkuflag HkkVh
jktLFkkuh jk fMaxG xhr ?k.kk pkok vj lekt esa jkt lk: fdÙkkS vkØks”k gSA b.kh
Bkok jS;k gS] i.k vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh Hkklk xr HkSa:yky dkGk cknG jkS xhr ^dkGk
jS xhrka esa fMaxG okGh ok fNc uha gSA b.kjkS cknG js vc rks cjlk ns cGrh vkx* vj
dkj.k lektw cnGko rkS gS bZ] lkFkS bZ oS vtqZuyky lsBh jkS xhr ^;ks rks [kwfu;ka dks
ncko bZ gS] ft.k lwa dfo izHkkfor fOg;kA jkt ;ks rks Mkdqoka jkS jkt] ikih xksjk ikGS
jktLFkkuh jS vk/kqfud dkG jh ckr djka rkS NS ;ks ;ks [kwfu;ka dks djkt* ?k.kk yksdfiz;
dfork esa ftdkS cnGko Åejnkau ys;uS esokM+h xhr gkA ghjkykyth “kkL=h jkS xhr
vk;k] m.k lwa vkxS jkS tqx ?k.kkS vlj esa ^liukS vk;kS* esa ^dkGh ihGh vka/kh mBh*
vk;kSA ^[kkVS larka jkS [kqyklkS* esa oS dSoS& jh ckr gS vj tcjnLr mFkG& iqFkG gSA
ekjokM+ jks eky eqQr esa [kkos eksMk] liuS esa ^FkG dk gks;X;k tG] tG dks
lsod tksxh lsax] xjhcka ns fur xksMkA FkG liaikV tcjkS js!* jh ckr xhrdkj
nkrk ns for nku ekst eka.ksa eqjlaMk] djSA vkS liukS lektw tkx:drk vj
yk[kka ys /ku ywV iwrGh iwtd iaMkA cnGko jh ckrjh ckr djSA “kkL=hth
MkW - vkbZ n kufla g HkkVh tVk duQVk tksxVk [kk[kh ij /ku [kko.kka fdlku&etnwjka jh yqxk;ka jS eq[k lwa vk
e:/kj esa ØksM+k feud djlk ,d deko.kkaAA ckr dSokbZ dS& ^fi;k [kjh dekbZ [kkoka]
tye % vklk< cnh 10] laor
¼Åej&dkO;] ist&166] lu~ 1930½ vsth Bkyk lwa D;wa MjikSA*
2010] uks[k&tSlyesj Lora=rk laxzke okGS tqx esa vaxjstka lk: <wa<kM+h jk dfo cqf)izdk”k ikjhd vsd
i<kbZ % ,e-,- ¼fganh½] ih&,p-Mh-
ftdh ekurkoka yksd esa jphth] dkO; esa Qkx xhr esa xkoS& ^Hkkjr NksM+ nks vaxjstka
¼lkSan;Z”kkL=½
Nih iksF;ka %
m.kkajS vU;ko] tqye vj vuhfr jkS lkarjkS Fkka dS ?kjka i/kkjkS js!* vj ckoth prjflag
galrksM+k gksBka jkS lkp ¼dfork½ oj.kko gSA vsd v.kthrka dfo jh dfork th dFkS& ^lHkh uj Hkkjr lkapks js] lgh
jkr&dlwacy ¼dfork½ dSoS dS ^yk[k nckokS] nckaxk EgS ugha lkgc*A lq[k vks fgt dkpks js] ?kjkS?kj Hkkjr ckaps
vka[k gh;S jk gfj;y liuk ¼dfork½ b.k vkØks”k jh bZ ckr djSA vsd xhr esokM+ vktknh js*A b.k vkanksyu esa tudfo
Fkkj dh xkSjo xkFkk,a ¼bfrgkl& jS jk.kkth uS lacksf/kr b.k Hkkar gS& mLrkn jk xhr ?k.kk pkokA ÊgS vk;k
dFkk,a½ L;k.kk jk.kkth! vdy crkok uS* xhr esa mLrkn dSoS&
ledkyhu lkfgR; vkSj vkykspuk L;k.kk jk.kkth gkayh] ^[ksr lS [kM+okokGk jk]
¼vkykspuk½ Egkadk L;k.kk jk.kkth lair lSax etwjka jh
xka/khth jh vkRedFkk ¼vuqokn½ lq.k yhtkS Egkadk nq[k jk xk.kk jk.kk thA jkt gFkksM+S&nkarjM+h jkS]
jkbZukslkslZ ¼xSaMkS½& vuqokn eksVk eksVk vksgnk Åij fonsfl;ka dk Fkk.kk th chrh ckr gtwjka jh
[kksy ika[k uS fpM+dyh ¼dfork½ xksjk uha i.k Hkwjk gS ;s] lwrksM+k 'ksj txkoka uSA*
laiknu % tkxrh tksr ¼if=dk½ vka/kk uha] i.k dk.kk thA mLrkn jk Lok/khurk laxzke jk xhr
iqjLdkj &lEeku%
vkMk iM+X;k vkMk iM+X;k] EgS rks ;ka lwa gkj vj dforkoka bZ uha vktknh iNS jh okajh
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkjA lkfgR; Egka lwa mBS u brjkS Hkkj] L;k.kk jk.kk thA ^tqxok.kh* bZ lektw&psruk lkFkS jS;hA
vdkns e h vuq o kn iq j LdkjA
lR;izdk”k tks”kh dfork lEekuA
xaMdM+ka uS [khj ykilh] x.kifr Lokeh jh ^yksjh* esa jktLFkkuh ohj
jkoy gjjkt lEekuA jktLFkkuh feu[kka uha nk.kk th Hkkouk lkQ fuxS vkoSA ftdkS oS ûkGks
Hkk’kk&lsoh lEekuA cBS chtGh /kx/kx djrh] ika[kka ckjS vk;ks ekrk cS.k lq.kkoS ;wa* esa
cjlka jktLFkku ljdkj jS mPp vBS u /kw.kh Nk.kk thA xkoSA i.k xtkuu oekZ ^/kjrh vc
f'k{kk foHkkx eka; ljdk: ukSdjh isVS vkS xhr MkW- u`flag jktiqjksfgr jktLFkkuh ilokM+kS Qsj* esa vktknh vj yksdra= jh
fganh O;k[;krkA “kks/k&funsZ”kdA “kks/k laLFkku pkSikluh tks/kiqj jS laxzS lwa gxhxr jpS&
lsokeqxrh iNS vckj vktknw ys[kuA yhUgkS gS] ft.k esa vaxjsth jkt jS m.k gfj;y Fkkjk [ksr [kM+îk gS]
fBdk.kkS % foxlko jh ckr yhjeyhj gq;uS lkEgha vkbZ <ka<k pj pj tkoS js
8 ch@ 47 gSA Êgkadk jk.kkth* vkijS jktk lk: bejr Hkfj;k vM+d erhjk]
[ksrs”oj laLFkku jS lkEgha vknjHkko vj vi.kkl gS vj vaxjstka lk: vkt xknM+k [kkoS js
ukanM+h] cukM+ jksM] tks/kiqj Hkwjk] dk.kk tSM+k lcnka jkS iz;ksx gSA b.k psr ckoGk pksj yqVsjk ywVS gS /ku&/kkau js
94143 25867 v.ktka.k dfo jS lcnka esa ^xaMdM+k* tSM+S /kjrh vcS ilokM+k QsjS]
S
lcn jkS cjrko vk ckr lkEgha Y;koS dS tkx etwj fdlku js
vad& 2015 60
3 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk
etnwjka vj fdlkuka uS txko.k okGS dUgS;kyky lsfB;k b.k uoS tqx jS
b.k xhr esa êwaM esa nSu fn[kkrk vj ilokM+S esa dSoS& ^cVkÅ pkY;ka eatGk
cksyrk yawdM+k gS*] ^HkksGS feu[kka uS feGlhA* rkS ukjk;.kflag HkkVh dfo;ka uS
Mjkorh fQjrh cksM+ fcyk;ka dwdrh fQjS lacksf/kr djuS xhr jpS&
gS*] ^/kkau uS [kkorkS dkrjkS gS*] ûoS /kkau dfo;ka vkNh djh js drkj
jkS nqle.k fVÏkS QkdkS gS*] îwatGh ekFkS FkkajS fljt.k jh cfGgkj!
Bxka jh ckGn jh futj gS*] ^vka/kk ihlS ----
vj cgjk ekSt mMkoS* gSA b.k xhrka jS lqj jh>f.k;s jh jh> ns[k er
esa vktknh iNS jsornkau pkj.k fyf[k;kS& ns[k tw.k jkS lkj
^js cank psr eku[kka psr tekukS psr.k jkS fif.kgkjh BkyS ?kV ÅHkh
vk;kSA* vkxS vsd dfork esa oS dSoS& Fkwa ÅHkkS e>/kkjAA
êkVh FkUuS cksy.kkS iM+lhA* b.k cxr jktLFkkuh jS lT;S&lkaoBS eap
lektoknh] okeiaFkh nhB jS lkxS b.k ekFkS lqjksyk&daBka vj uoS tqx jkS tksl gkSA
cxr jktLFkkuh esa eap ekFkS dforkoka jkS lR;izdk”k tks”kh ^lkjn ekrk* lwa vjt
BkodkS nkSj vk;kSA b.k cxr eapka ekFkS djS&
pqVdyk uha pkyrkA jfG;ko.kh jktLFkkuh lkjn ekrk lhl fuokÅa] vkS oj nhtSA
laLd`fr jkS vkS nkSj gkSA mLrkn bZ b.k eu jh ckrka lS t lq.kkÅa] vk[kj nhtSAA
cxr ukjh psruk jkS izrhd xhr jfp;kSA dUgS;kyky lsfB;k ^tyeHkkse* xhr esa
b.k xhr esa oka ukjh uS ^lkFk.k* jkS ekau ^vk /kjrh xksjka /kksjka jh] vk /kjrh ehBS
nhUgkS& eksjka jh!* xkoS rkS ÊgkjkS nsl* esa lR;izdk”k
lkFk.k nh;k txk ns tks”kh bZ ^/kksjka okGkS] MwaxjokGkS nsl* jpSA
nhokGh fl.kxkj l;k.kh] dUgS;kyky lsfB;k ckiwth jS cfynkau ekFkS
tqx jkS iaFk mtk ns fuao.k djrk jpS&
lkFk.k nh;k txk nsA fxxukj iM+SykS vcS uhpS
ØksM+ gkFk dkjt esa ykxS] lroknh opuka lwa fMxX;k]
ØksM+ feu[k jh lq/k cq/k tkxS cS dq.k xeX;k] cS dq.k xeX;kAA
lhj laH;S] gFkcG uS lkFk.kA b.k dkG esa tBS nsl esa vktknh vj m.k
dG ij dke yxk ns lwa vkbZ lektoknh iou jk ygjdk gk] rkS
lkFk.k nh;k txk nsA eapka ekFkS jhr&izhr jh xwat bZ ghA
jsornkau pkj.k bZ îx eaM.kk* esa xkoS& dY;k.kflag jktkor jh ^ckxka fcpk csyM+h*
eaMrk tkoS /kjrh ekFkS] bZ iljS ghA lR;izdk”k tks”kh eap ekFkS
ix eaM.kk bfr;kl jk ^xhrka jkS tl* xkork gk&
lwjt mxrk djS flykeh] xksjh fl.kxkjS xhr lgsfy;ka
rkjk balS vdkljk eSanh jpkoS ehBk xksr js
nsl jh ubZ ped] eqGd uS oS b.k xr xhrka fcu fd;ka ij.kS /khoM+h
xkoS& xkoS cuM+k cuM+h jk dksM js
cka/k c.kS uSjka [kqn tkoS] ihBh p<koS dksbZ xhrM+k----
uokS /kku eqGdkoSyk b.k dkG[kaM esa jsornkau pkj.k jh
uoS nsl jkS uokS eku[kkS] ^fcj[kk&chu.kh* bZ ^f?kj f?kj ?kwej jerh]
uok xhrM+k xkoSyk :drh Fkerh] cht pedrh] >c >c
pk:a dkauh uoh psruk] iGdk djrh] HkaorhA* Jksrkoka jS lkEgha
uok dne bZa vkl jk vkorh ghA jktLFkkuh xhrka lkFkS izse&izhr
eaMrk tkoS /kjrh ekFkS] jkS ikaoMkS vkt jkS uha gkSA fMaxG xhrka esa
ix eaM.kk bfr;kl jk ftdh ohj vj fl.kxkj jh /kkj gh] ok
xtkuu oekZ bZ ^gkGh gydkjkS ns* esa xkoS& vktknh iNS vsd dkauh uoS mNkg jS :i esa
gksGS&gksGS gkyS Egkjk ihifG;S jk ikauA lkEgha vkbZ rkS nwtS dkauh eap jS eksg esa
/kksjS Åij cka/k yS Fkwa >waiM+h epka.kAA izse&izhr vj xhr&jhr esa jehA vBS bZ ckr
---- fopkj tkxS gS dS ftdkS eap brjkS
vM+x cqgkj HkkbZ] cxM+ cqgkjA lkaLd`frd gkS] okS bDdhloha lnh esa brjkS
dj vGlksV HkkbZ [ksr lq/kkjAA fyiGkS vj dfork fojks/kh dhdj fOg;kS\
vad& 2015 62
61
58
vj jktLFkkuh eap jh dYiuk rkS vkt jS vj teha lwa tqfM+;ksM+k gkA HkkxhjFkflag
gqorS dsbZ dfo lEesyu jk eap uS ekau HkkX; jkS xhr ^vsd Nksjh dkGrh* ?k.kkS
ldka] tBS esGk&[ksGka jk f[kydk gSA dksVk :ikGkS gkS vj dfo eapka ekFkS Nk; tkorkS
jS vsd vSM+S f[kydS esa EgSa bZ x;sM+kS gwa vj gkSA gkM+kSrh jk ykMyk dfo nqxkZnkuflag
f[kydka fcpkGS dfork djh ghA xkSM+ jS fl.kxk: xhrka Åijka vk[kkS
vktknh jS mNkg vj gwal jS b.k xhrka jktLFkkuh lekt ekFkkS gykorkSA ^vkck
uS dtGkbt.kkS ifM+;kS NsdM+A Hkkjr&phu gjîks jg~ts js* vj îk.kh esa pkan ?kqGS NS* esa
tq) iNS vka[;ka vkxS ukprk liuka jkS okajk xhr vSM+h BkSM+ vk;ksM+k gSA izd`fr jS
Hkze rwVX;kSA dY;k.kflag jktkor xhrka esa miekuka lwa yM+k>we okajk xhr dkGtS jeS&
laosnu xk;kS& c/k c/k gksxh ?ksj ?kqesj
vGxS nslka :a[k] Nk;k QSyyh P;k:aesj]
vks>Gîk uS.k iaFkM+k cksyk jSX;k vkbZ Åej ds vkSlk.k
Åej jh xkaBM+Y;k yknîka] nw/;k uheM+ks
xkMîka fudGh phyk jSX;kAA [kqn dk tksc.k lwa v.ktk.k
lR;izdk”k tks”kh jh tq) fojks/k d`fr nw/;k uheM+hA
^jk/kk* jkS vkS xhr ?k.kkS pkokS vj n”kgjk&dfo lEesyu jS dkj.k dksVk esa
ekso.kkS& xhrka jk ?k.kk jpkjk fOg;k] i.k oS eap jS
eu jk erh dkaUgk js& eksg esa QalX;kA eqdqV ef.kjkt jktLFkkuh
eqM+tk] QkStka uS ikNh eksM+ySA* xhrka lk: nwtkS ykMslj vj pkokS&BkokS
gkM+kSrh jk pkok&Bkok xhrdkj j?kqjkt ukao gSA vksGekS vj Mad okajh jktLFkkuh
flag gkM+k bZ ^gsykS* xhr esa vatl Hkjh dkO; d`fr gSa] ft.kka esa xhr HksGk gSA
yydkj dFkh& gkM+kSrh esa galjkt pkS/kjh jk xhr
tkxks js! lkaoGh /kjrh dk csVka vks! izxfr”khy tuoknh nhB lwa ?k.kk pkok vj
'ksyks Mwaxj ekaxS rktk [kwau bZa ekjdkA okajkS vsd xhr ^dkabZ ekaMS NS jax
BaMks cQZ cqykoS rkrk [kwau bZaAA pax ekaM.kk* vsd lkaLd`frd vk[;kau xhr
lqj cnykS xhrka dk HkS;k] gS] ftdS esa iqjk.kh :f<;ka vj “kks’k.k jh
cfynkuh #r vkbZ] ekjdh&fNc gSA b.kh ikar esa tudfo gjh”k
lSt fljk.kS dks;yM+h uS] Hkknk.kh jk xhr jS :i esa xkbt.k okGk
ek: jkxka xkbZ] ^gwf.k;k* gS] ft.k esa iztkra= jh iksy
chjka vks js& [kksyhth gS&
m.kka jkS xhr ^cksj dh fonk* bZ ?k.kkS ikap cjl esa tsoM+k yVdS] ctS pq.kkoA
pkokS vj BkokS fOg;kSA b.kh cxr jkS xhr yksdjkt jS EgSy] ywaBk iwxS gwf.k;kAA
îjeohj*] dkunkau dfYir jkS fyf[k;ksM+kS gjh”k Hkknk.kh jS jktLFkkuh tuxhrka jS
bZ eapka ekFkS [kwc pkokS fOg;kSA lkroSa n”kd lkxS bZ <wa<kM+h jS xhrdkj Hkaojth Hkaoj jkS
jS chrka iNS ftdkS eksgHkax fOg;kS] mBS lwa bZ ukao bZ izxfr”khy nhB lwa ?k.kkS egrkÅ gSA
jktLFkkuh xhrka jS lqj esa egrkÅ cnGko fl.kxk: vj ledkyhu cxr jh iM+rka
vk;kA dfork jh Nan&fcgw.kh vj yxSVxS m[ksM+rk okjak xhr yksd jax vj yksd jkxka
ikBî dforkoka vfLrRo esa vkbZ vj xhr lwa jfp;ksM+k ?k.kk pkokA b.k yksd jax vj
fy[kf.k;ka uS nks;e njtS jk ekurk Fkdka] yksd jkxka jh okajh fdrkc ^Hkaoj&iqjk.k*]
vkFkw.kS txr jh iou lkFkS ygjdk yso.k ^fcjg.k* iwjS th;ktwa.k jS xhrka uS lesVrh
<wdSA oka xhrka uS xfG;ka jk xhr dS;k vj Fkdh vkbZ gSA b.k lwa iSyh ^Hktuka jks cksy
vtwcSi.kS jh vkFkw.kh vfLrRooknh xr djlka jks >waiks* vj ^f/ku /kjrh jktLFkkuh*
ikBdka lkEgha i:lhA ^dkGS ?kksM+ka jk esa okaj xhr vk;k gSA egrkÅ ckr vk gS dS
dqnM+dk Hkjrh* vS dyeka dfork uS /kjrh Hkaojth Hkaoj ikapoha Dykl ikl bZ gS] i.k
lwa dkV.k jh vkQGka dfj;kA okajh oka.kh dfo lEesyuka esa BkV tekoSA
b.k lxGS dkj.kka lwa vNwrk jSork vj Hkkjr&phu tq) lwa oka rqdcanh dforkbZ
eap jS ekau jh ijokg uha djrk Fkdka xhrka :i esa jp.kh l: djh] tdh vtSbZ
xhrdkjka xhr fy[k.kk pkyw jkf[k;kA b.k pkyS&
xhrdkjka vkijh dScr vj Hkklk jS vkaVS dfo okYehd vkSj osnO;kl
lwa xhr dkf<;kA vS xhrdkj izxfr”khy eksVk&eksVk fy[kxk iksFkk
vad& 2015 62
61
58
i.k Vkad dku esa dye vkt jkS :ikl b.k xhrka esa ftX;ka&ftX;ka fuxS
oS Hkh NkuS NkuS jksrk vkoSA ^psr fprsjk* iksFkh jS vsd xhr
---- ^cxr uS vksGekS* esa esokM+h jk f”ko e`nqy
lkfgR; fljksef.k >d ekjS dSoS&
pkanh pkVS pqVdyk ckt vkt dBS gS esg eksdGkS
vS vk;k ns[kkS dfojktAA vkSj dBS gS ok xM+/kk.kh
chdkusj jS dfo eksgEen ln~nhd jS teha mrjrkS pankS ekekS
xhrka esa ftdh oØksfDr vj O;atuk gh] oS FkkGh esa tn Hkjrk ik.kh
jktLFkkuh xhrka jh /kM+duka ghA jktuhfr dBS flrkSY;kS] lkFkh&xksVkS
vj lekt ekFkS okajh O;aX;ksfDr;ka vki.kS mNGdwn vj /kwe /kM+kdkS
lekt jkS [kqyklkS djS dS vkika fd.k cSBd rkGh] vka[k ehap.kh
cxr esa thoka gka& Bke&Bks;ykS] pkan HkM+kdkSA
ckck Fkkjh cdfj;ka] ^lkslfu;k vkHkks* xhr esa ukjk;.kflag
cknke [kkoS jsA ihFkG th;ktwa.k uS ^lkof.k;k&yksj*
pjxh Egkjk [ksr] crkork dSoS&
ljS vke [kkoS jsAA MkaMsM+h /kksrh jS dkjh T;wa tqM+xh dkjh
vj vsd nwtS xhr esa oS dSoS& Ygqdtk yhjka iM+nk;r vkoS uha ljek ekjh
Fks etk djkS egkjkt! Hkw[kh lqgkx.k xwaF;k ph<yka jkS cksj
vkt Fkkajh ikapkS bZ ?kh esa gS nh[kS lq[k lxGkS dksjkS lkof.k;kS yksjA
Egs iqjL;kS lkjkS nsl] dkfj;ka ykX;ksM+h /kksfr;ka] yhjeyhj
vkSj FkkajS dkabZ th esa gS\ iM+nk;rka] phaFkjk lwa cksfj;k xwaFkrh
b.kh xr tkyksj jS dfo xhrdkj lqgkxf.k;ka jh th;ktwa.k] lkof.k;k lw[kk
ykynkl jkds”k jkS ukao lkEgha vkoSA okajk yksj bZ rkS gSA
xhr tu&f”k{k.k vj lektw le>ko jk jktLFkkuh eap jS xhrka jkS vsd
xhr gS& izxfr”khy ukao lR;nso laforsanz jkS bZ gSA
Fkwa ckrka erh c.kko! lforsanz jS xhrkaa esa Fkkj jh vkapfGdrk jS
iwuek ikVh ykoA lkxS gsr vj ledkyhu ewY;cks/k bZ nh[kSA
vj vsd nwtS xhr esa oS xkaoka jS yksxka csfV;ka jh rjQnkjh jS xhr ^ckph dqnjr*
jh le>kbl djS& jh dforkoka esa oS dSoS&
vsd cki jS ikap Mhdjk ?kj EgkjS rdnhjka tkeh]
ikapka jh xr U;kjhA tn EgkjS ykMslj vkbZA
U;kjk gqvk [ksrM+k caVX;k gsr&izhr jh fuNjkoG lwa]
ikarh vkbZ D;kjh fo/kuk vk tw.kka iGdkbZA
vefj;k vk dkabZ Åa/kh /kkjhAA tn EgkjS ykMslj vkbZ]
vBS egrkÅ vk ckr gS dS nsl esa fyNeh jkS ixQsjkS ykbZA
ftdh mnkjrk vj iwathokn jh uhfr;ka cM+Hkkxh EgSa lkr tyeka jh]
c.kh gS] vj vke tu jh vc[kkb;ka c/kh dj yhuh lxGh HkjikbZA
gS] m.k lwa nsl jkS eku[kkS phaFkht jS;kS gSA ^vGxkstk jh vksG[kk.k* esa
jktLFkkuh jS xhrka esa tBS vBS jh laLd`fr dfo&xhrdkj eksgu eaMsyk jktLFkkuh
jk fprjkae feyS] oBS nsl jh ekM+h nlk lekt jh lkSje NGdkork jktLFkku lk:
jk fprjkae bZ feySA ^dkG fpM+h dcM+kG dSoS&
fpM+h* Egkjh dfork jkS vsd fprjkae jtFkkuh js vkax.ks]
ns[kkS& nks ckrka dGnkjA
ijek.kq jk iGdk gS vGxkstk [ksrka ckts]
pk:a rjQ gcGdk gS j.k[ksrka ryokjAA
lw[kkS vj vdkG gS yksd&thou lwa tqM+ko jkS okajkS fljt.k
fgaoM+S fgaoM+S >kG gSA xkaosrh vj tqckuh ;knka jkS vj xhrka----
vk ^fgaoM+S fgaoM+S >kG* jh yiVka jS
izxfr”khy nhB jS dfo;ka ?k.kh ckj eapka ¼ckdh ist 8 ekFkS½
lwa ijxVkbZ gSA vketu vj vkapfGdrk
vad& 2015 62
61
58
ikB&laiknu Ôkks/k&laiknu vj vkykspuk
MkW- enu lSuh
“kks/k jkS lh/kkS&lkS vjFk fd.kh uS lxGk lcn ^”kks/k* jk i;kZ; c.kX;kA b.kh
lks/k.kkS] [kkst.kkS dS <wa<.kkS gSA lkfgR; jS lhxS vuqla/kku vj vUos’k.k tSM+k lcn bZ
lhxS “kks/k ?k.kk ek;uk jk[kSA tawuh la/kku vj [kkst jkS ykjkS djf.k;k gS] ft.k
ikaMqfyfi;ka jh rikl djuS okajkS fyI;arj.k Hkkar ^fjlpZ* djîk djS! vaxjsth jkS
vj ikB&laiknu djuS lq/kh ikBdka lkEgha ^fjlpZ* lcn crkoS dS ft.kuS vkika ^lpZ*
NI;S :i esa ijxV dj.kkS “kks/k jkS iSykS dj fy;kS] eryc dS [kkst fy;kS] m.kjh
ikaoMkS ekuhtSA vk[kS nsl jk “kks/k& Qs:a [kkst djkaA Qs:a [kkst dj.kS jkS eryc
laxzgky;ka eka; vSM+k xzaFk vkt bZ “kks/k& gS dS vkika dUuS “kks/k rkS gq;ksM+kS gS] vcS m.k
v/;srkoka jh ckV tks; jS;k gS] i.k jkt& esa dha uoh ckrka uoh nhB lwa lekt lkEgha
lekt jh cs:[kh jS pkyrka vSM+k “kks/k& ijxV djkaA ft;ka vkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn
dkjt vcS ck;y&dks;y bZ ns[k.k esa vkoSA f}osnhth ikaMqfyfi;ka jS “kks/k&laiknu lwa lar
b.k lhxS jktLFkku esa dsbZ vuqnkfur “kks/k dchj uS vkika lkEgha ijxV dj fn;kSA vcS
dsanz tcjkS dkjt djîkS] i.k vcS vSM+k dsanz vkika ^dchj jk jkae* folS ekFkS vsd lkaoBh
Qxr ukao fx.kko.k lk: bZ gSA vkt :ijs[kk c.kk;uS okajS ^jkae* jS l:i jkS
ikaMqfyfi;ka i<.k esa igy djf.k;k dq.k gS\ fu/kkZj.k djuS lq/kh fo}kuka jh iaxr esa
fganh lkfgR; jkS vkfndky vj Hkxrh vkoka] rkS b.kuS fjlpZ dS;kS tkoSykA b.k
MkW - enu lS u h dky ikaMqfyfi;ka jh “kks/k&[kkst vj nk[kyS jS lepS “kks/k vj fjlpZ jkS Hksn
laiknu&izdk”ku lwa bZ vkika lkEgha vk;kS vkika lkEgha ijr[k gqoSA ikaMqfyfi;ka VkGuS
3 ebZ] 1958 uS JhMwaxjx< esa vj vkt bZ vSM+k dsbZ v.kNI;k xzaFk “kks/k& tn vk/kqfud ys[kdka jS ys[ku jh ckr djka]
tyeA fganh esa ,e-,- vj laxzgky;ka eka; /kjksgj c.;ksM+k gSA rkS okajS lkfgR; ekFkS tdh iSyh “kks/k gqoS] ok
^jktLFkkuh esa jkedFkk* ekFkS ih&,p- MkW- ujksÙkenkl Lokeh ¼i`Fohjkt jklkS½] rkS gS ^”kks/k* vj iNS uoh nhB lwa uoh ckrka
Mh-A jktLFkkuh vj fganh esa yxkSyx vkpk;Z cnjhizlkn lkdfj;k ¼eqagrk uS.klh lks/k.kh ^fjlpZ* gqoSA fjlpZ jh :ijs[kk iSyka
ys[kuA
jktLFkkuh esa ^Qqjlr* vj
jh [;kr½ vj MkW- ukjk;.kflag HkkVh bZ c.kkbZ tkoS] tn dS “kks/k jh :ijs[kk “kks/k
^HkksGko.k* pkok dgk.kh laxzSA dsbZ ¼ekjokM+ jk ijxuka jh foxr½ “kks/k& djîka iNS bZ c.kkbZ tkoSA b.klwa iSyka rkS
chth iksF;kaA ^jkejkl*] ^lhr iqjk.k* laiknu jh nBh lwa egrkÅ dS;k tk; ldSA Qxr ^”kh’kZd* bZ iathd`r djk;kS tk; ldSA
^jke jklkS* vkn ekFkS pkokS dkaeA dS;kS tkoS dS ts uS.klh jh [;kr iSyka bZ Ni EgSa tn jktLFkkuh dkO; esa jkedFkk
ôSpkfjdh* vj ^jktLFkyh* jS laiknu tkorh rkS duZy VkWM jkS jktLFkku jkS ekFkS “kks/k lk: ljnkj iVsy fo”o fo|ky;
lwa bZ tqM+koA jktsanz dsfM+;k jS fganh bfrgkl vkSj bZ gqorkSA fcTth rkS uS.klh jh xqtjkr x;kS] rn xq#th dS;kS dS vtsl
miU;kl jkS ênu ckofu;kS* vj [;kr jS x| esa vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh jkS jktLFkkuh dkO; esa jkedFkk ijxV uha gqbZ
Hkxorhdqekj “kekZ jS xqtjkrh ekud :i ekurkA vS xzaFk vkika jS X;kau esa gSA dha ikaMqfyfi;ka jk ukao bZ lq.;k gSA vkS
miU;kl jkS ^va/kkj yksd* ukao lwa c/ksikS djîkS oBSbZ HkklkbZ lyhdkS bZ dkae Jelk/; vj /kulk/; gS] /khjt bZ
jktLFkkuh mYFkkSA ^ledkyhu Hkkjrh; fl[kk;kSA t:jh gSA EgSa gkeG Hkjh] rkS oS ?k.kk jkth
lkfgR;* vj ^Hkk"kk* lesr dsbZ Nkika “kks/k jkS eryc ^[kkst.kkS* gS vj [kkst gq;k vj fo”o fo|ky; tk;uS ^”kh’kZd*
eka; mYFkS jkS dkjtA lcn ix jS fulka.k lk: cjR;kS tkoSA iathd`r djok;kS vj vklhl nhUgh dS vcS
vckj chdkusj ;wfuoflZVh esa /ku&i”kq dS feu[kka uS [kkstka jS lepS jketh jkS ukao ys;uS dkjtfl) djkSA m.k
'kks/k funsZ'kdA jktLFkku ljdkj jS <wa<f.k;ka yksxka uS ^[kksth* dS îkxh* dS;kS cxr jkae&jklkS] jkaejkl] esgk jkek;.k]
mPp f'k{kk foHkkx eka; ljdk:
tkoSA ikxh lcn bZ îx* jk fulka.k lhriqjka.k] jktLFkkuh jkek;.k] vorkj
ukSdjh isVS fganh O;k[;krkA
vksG[k.k jh f[kerk jk[kf.k;S lk: bZ pfjr vkn dha bZ uha NI;k gkA “kks/k&dkjt
cjrhtkS gSA /ku esa xk;ka uS fljS ekuhtkS gS& djrk&djrk Ng eghuk de Ng cjl esa
fBdk.kkS %
vukFkky; jS ykjS] foosd uxj]
^xks/ku] xt/ku] ckft/ku vkSj jru/ku EgSa b.k folS jh :ijs[kk fo”o fo|ky; esa
chdkusj&334 004 [kkau---* yksx&ckx xk;ka jS ckx esa tk;uS tek djok;uS vkS dkjt iwjkS djîkSA
75970 55150 vki&vkijh xk;ka jh vksG[kka.k djrk] dSo.k jkS eryc vkS gS dS “kks/k jk nksuwa
b.kuS ^xos’k.kk* dS;kS tkorkSA xE;ksM+h xk;ka :ika eka; iSykS ?k.kkS egrkÅ gSA ikaMqfyfi
jS ixka jS fulk.kka jkS ykjkS djuS m.kuS i<rh osGk uok&uok vjFk mtkxj gqoS]
lks/k.kkS bZ ^xos’k.kk* gkSA vkxS tk;uS vS tdk ikB&laiknu lwa ikBdka lk: lqyHk
vad& 2015 60
gqoSA b.k lk: “kks/kosÙkkoka uS ikaMqfyfi ika.kh jS cx.kS jh vkokt lwa cjrhtSA ist 6 jkS ckdh&
i<.kh rkS vko.kkS bZ pkghtS] b.kjS lkxS& vkykspd ft.k Hkklk jh iksFkh jh dwar
lkxS laLd`fr vj yksd&oSokj jkS X;kau djS] m.k Hkklk ekFkS m.kjkS vf/kdkj jkS fljt.k gSA dfo eksgu eaMsyk dSoS&
gqo.kkS bZ t:jh gSA nsldkG jkS X;kau bZ gqo.kkS t:jh gSA vkykspd nsldkG jS vxyh tw.k tue ysÅ] tueqa ?kj fdjlka.kA
t:jh gS vj “kks/k&laiknu jS lhxS iSyka ifjis[k esa fd.kh iksFkh jh dwar djS] rkS xkaoka chrs ckGi.kks] vGxkstka js ika.kAA
tdkS dkjt gq; pqD;kS gS] m.kjkS X;kau bZ m.kuS b.k nhB lwa ?k.kh lkopsrh cjr.kh ^ygj ygj pacy* esa MkW- yhyk eksnh
t:jh gSA pkghtSA ikaMqfyfi;ka eka; rkS laor~ izrhd ^pacG* xhr esa pacG jh egkurk njlkoSA
ikB&laiknu lwa tqM+h dsbZ ?kVukoka :i esa fy[;k tkork] ft;ka& ^lw[kh vj rlkbZ /kjrh uS bejr tG ikck
vkika uS ekjx nh[kkoSA ikaMqfyfi;ka eka; ^gfj nhi bG vkHk* jk vad&1711 okGh pacG jk cjek&fo’.kq&egs”k Hkh tl
dBSbZ vYi fojke dS lokfy;k fulka.k uha gq;k ¼gfj&1] nhi&7] bG&1] vkHk&1½ xkoS NSA* pacG jkS [kkl cj.kko&
yxk;k tkoS vj yxkSyx vk[kjtksM+ i.k ^vadkukeokerksxfr* eryc dS lnk lqgkx.k pacG jk.kh
vkxS c/krh tkoS] ft;ka& vadka uS myVk i<kS] b.k nhB lwa laor~ ?kwe&?kwe dS vkoS NSA
^lejFkdksufgankslxqalkbZ* lwa rkS vjFk gq;kS&1171] b.klwa leÖ;kS tk; ldS dS ygj ygj esa ?kwe&>we dS
fudGS dS lejFk uS dksbZ nksl uha ykxSA dwar djf.k;S uS dFkkud&:f<;ka vj uqaokS jl NGdkoS NSAA
i.k tn b.kjkS ikB laiknu djrh osGk dfo&leS uS :<&la[;koka jkS X;kau bZ vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh xhrdkjka jh vk
fojke&fpg~uka uS uha Hkwyka rkS vBS gqo.kkS t:jh gSA lektw nhB ledkyhurk jS vlj lwa
^lokfy;k fulka.k* jh njdkj jkS vsd lkj&:i esa “kks/k] [kkst] vUos’k.k] foxlko ik;kS gSA vktknh jS iNS jkS mNkg
lkarjkS nk[kykS ns[k.k uS feyS& ^lejFk xos’k.kk] vuqla/kku] vkykspuk] dwar] phuh geyS lwa BaMkS iM+X;kSA iNS yksdra=
dks\ ufga nksl xqalkbZ* vBS loky mBS dS leh{kk bR;kn lcn dha&u&dha uoh ckr vj jktuhfr jh xhrdkjka yhj yhj dj
lejFk dq.k gS\ tokc lkEgha bZ gS dS tdS ijxV dj.k jkS dkjt bZ djS vj vka vkykspuk dhUghA vBS izxfr”khy vj
esa dksbZ nksl uha gS] okS bZ lejFk gSA vk lcnka jS ys[kS tdk yksx [kspG dj jS;k ijaijkxr nksuwa nhB feySA ijaijk dksjh
rkS gqbZ rqylhnklth jh vsd vksGh jS gS] oS twaukS&uokS ftÙkkS bZ cslh i<Syk] laLd`fr] /kjrh vj vkapfGdrk jk tl
ikB&laiknu jh ckrA vcS dchjnklth okajh dwar esa fcÙkkS bZ cslh fu[kkj xkoS] oBS izxfr”khy nhB ewY;cks/k lwa
vsd vksGh jS ikB&laiknu jS lhxS fopkj vkoSykA okajh nhB ftÙkh bZ rVLFk vj lekt lkFkS tksM+] xhrka jh ij[k djSA b.k
djkS& ^ge?kjlwrrufgafurrkuk*] vksGh ikjn”khZ gqoSyk] okajh dwar fcÙkh bZ l[kjh] jktLFkkuh xhrka esa okxM+h jk T;ksfriqat]
jkS ikB&laiknu ^ge ?kj lwr] rufg fur uhj&[khj&foosdh vj [kjh ekuhtSykA misanz v.kq] esokrh jk xksfoan gkadyk jS lkFkS
rkuk* djîkS tkoS] rkS b.kjkS vjFk gqoS dS ekjokM+ jk y{e.kflag jloar jkS tksxnkau
EgkjS ?kjka eksdGkS lwr gS vj jkst rk.kka bZ jS;kS gSA vtSbZ jktLFkku jS vk/kqfud xhr
r.;ka jSoSA tndS vkS ikB&laiknu b.k lkfgR; jkS foospu gqo.kkS ckdh gSA
rjS djîkS tkoS dS & ^ge ?kj lwrr ufga
fur rkuk*] rkS b.kjkS vjFk gqoS dS EgSa
?kjka lwR;kS jSowa] D;wadS jksthuk rk.kka dBS\*
vkS nk[kykS Bhd m.kh Hkkar gS ft;ka ^jksdks
er tkus nks* vksGh esa vYi fojke jkS
iz;kl laLFkku] pw: jh nwth if=dkoka
iz;ksx djhtSA
vkykspuk jS lhxS ckr djka rkS lq/kh
yhyVkal
fo}kau jkS X;kau rF;&fcgw.kkS uha gqo.kkS
frekgh jktLFkkuh NkikS
pkghtSA m.kuS rVLFk jS;uS [kwc fparu&
la % dqekj vt;
euu iNSbZ vkijh ckr fy[k.kh pkghtS]
uha t.kkal m.kjh vkykspuk esa Qksjki.k
vuqfljt.k
vk;ka fcuk uha jS; ldSA
jktLFkkuh mYFkS jkS frekgh NkikS
vsd vkykspd fy[;kS dS & ^mÙkj esa
la- % nqykjke lgkj.k
rst&rst pedrk /kzqo rkjkA* fy[kf.k;kS
dfo HkwyX;kS dS /kzqo rkjkS dnSbZ rst&rst
vuq{k.k
uha pedS] m.kuS rkS lks/;kS bZ tkoS lkrjlS
fganh =Sekfld
jS vkxyk rkjka jh lh/k lwaA vsd dfo
la- % mEesn flag xksBoky
fy[;kS ^gSalh jks [kG[kGkV* vBS
[k.k[k.kkV vj gM+gM+kV ¼gM+&gM+
www.prayassansthan.org
gkaL;kS½ vksirk lcn gqork D;wadS
^[kG[kGkV* lcn rkS fd.kh ukGS&[kkGS esa
vad& 2015 62
61
58
jktLFkkuh x| jktLFkkuh fQDÔku esa efgyk ys[ku
iq’iyrk d”;Ik
vkt jh jktLFkkuh dgk.kh lesr ys[ku ukjh vfLerk jh [kkst gSA
jktLFkkuh x| jkS bfrgkl ?k.kkS twaukS vkt jS jktLFkkuh efgyk dFkk ys[ku
dksuhaA b.k esa jktLFkkuh efgyk jk nwtk vk;keka esa tqxcks/k jk vk[kj
dgk.khdkjka jkS bfrgkl rkS lko uokS gSA m?kfM+;kA i.k /;kau jk[k.kkS dS i;kZoj.k
twauS tekuS esa lkfgR;deZ jh eq[; fo/kk jh fjNikG] tula[;k fu;a=.k] lkaiznkf;d
dkO; ghA ln~Hkko vj jk’Vªh; vsdrk tSM+k fol; bZ
jktLFkkuh esa vkt jS efgyk dFkk vNwrk uha jSo.kk pkghtSA jktLFkkuh jS
fljt.k jS fol;ka jS nk;jS esa vkerkSj efgyk dFkk ys[ku jS ys[kS&tks[kS lwa vk
ekFkS ?k.kdjh leL;koka gS] ft.k lwa oS ckr lkaiM+r gqoS dS ?k.kdjh ysf[kdkoka jS
jkstejkZ jS tho.k esa vDlj :c: gqorh ys[ku jkS nk;jkS vckj rkabZ ?kj&lalkj
jSoSA lektw cnGko lkxS dq:fr;ka uS vj pwYgS&pkSdS jk vuqHkoka rkabZ bZ
NksM.k jh psruk jk fcac bZ okajS dFkk fleVîksM+kS gSA vkt jk le&lkef;d
fljt.kka esa jfp;k&cfl;kA okajS ys[ku jkS Toyar fol; ft;ka tq) vj oha jh
vk/kkj dYiuk jh BkSM+ vkt jkS tFkkjFk foHkhf’kdk jk larki >syrh ekuork jh
gSA b.k ys[ku esa efgyk tho.k jh Mwaxh osnuk] vk[kh nqfu;k jS uDlS ekFkS
ihM+ mtkxj gqoSA vka jpukoka esa efgykoka jkS euksfoX;kau vj okajh
iq " iyrk dÔ;i jktLFkku jh lexz vkapfGdrk] vBS jh ftanxka.kh] rduhdh izxfr vkn fol;ka
bfrgklw nhB] twauh ijaijkoka jh Fkkrh ekFkS ekFkS jktLFkkuh efgyk dFkk&lalkj jkS
tye % 10 vDVwcj] 1953 uS xqest jk Hkko] lkaLd`frd&lektw ifjosl jpko uha jS cjkScj gS] b;kadS ;wa dSowa dS
tks/kiqj eka;A vkn jk ?k.kk lkarjk fprjkae lkEgha vkoSA “kwU; gSA
iksF;ka % jktLFkkuh esa 13 iksF;kaA jktLFkku jS lekt vj ohajh lxGh lkfgR; esa ^fQD”ku* jS varxZr dgk.kh
^Fkkjh&Egkjh vj m.kka jh ckrka*] ^;knka leL;koka lkxS vBS jh ukjh ekFkS gqo.k lwa ukdS eq[; :i lwa miU;kl vj
jk ia[ks:*] êu catkjk*] ^vHkkS ukirk okGk tqyeka uS njlkorh efgyk y?kqdFkkoka vkoSA jktLFkkuh efgyk ys[ku
ikaoMk* vkn pkoh iksF;kaA jpukdkjka jh lkarjh vj lkaoBh dksfll jS lanHkZ esa b.k fo/kkoka esa ys[ku ekFkS
jktLFkkuh mYFkS isVS êka*] êwa?kh fuxS vkoSA b.k ys[ku esa tu&tkxj.k jkS fopkj djîka ftdkS ifjn`”; lkEgha vkoS
oSf”od dgkf.k;ka*] êksiklka vj vkFkZj
dkWuu MkW;y jh ;knxkj dgkf.k;ka*
gsykS bZ lq.khtS vj ukjh uS lxrhekau okS b;ka fy[kht ldS&
pkokS dkaeA c.kko.k jk lkFkZd iz;kl bZ futj vkoSA dgk.kh %&
fganh eka; bZ yxkSyx ys[kuA X;kjg jktLFkkuh efgyk jpukdkjka jh dksfll jktLFkkuh dgk.kh esa vkijh dye
iksF;ka Nih FkdhA jSo.kh pkghtS dS vkapfGdrk vj dksj.kh jkS yksgkS euoko.k okGh [kkl
lkfgfR;d l`tu iqjLdkj] xksnkojh ijaijkoka jS fp=.k lkxS turkaf=d ewY;] ysf[kdkoka eka; y{ehdqekjh pwaMkor]
nsoh ljkoxh iqjLdkj] egsanz tktksfn;k ukjh vktknh] lekurk vkn fol;ka lwa lq[knk dNokg] iq’iyrk d”;i] pkandkSj
lkfgR; iqjLdkj lesr eksdGk tqM+îksM+h jpukoka Hkh fy[khtSA efgykoka tks”kh] vkaundkSj O;kl] clarh iaokj]
bukae&bdjkaeA uS iq#lka jS cjkScj lkekftd&jktuhfrd tsck j”khn] ek/kqjh e/kq vj MkW- dqlqe
ek/;fed f”k{kk foHkkx] jktLFkku njtkS uha nso.k vj ukjh uS Hkkar&Hkkar lwa es?koky vkn jk ukao gSA vka jk dgk.kh
ljdkj eka; izk/;kfidk jS in lwa “kks’k.k jk lqFkjk rjhdka jS cjf[kykQ ohauS laxzS NiuS ?k.kk pkok gq;ksM+kA
lsokfuo`fÙk iNS vktknw ys[ku vj ÅHkh gqo.kkS t:jh gSA ukjh uS gh.k jk.kh y{ehdqekjh pwaMkor jkS ys[ku
v/;kiuA le>.k jh ekanh ekufldrk] iwathokn] jktLFkkuh yksd dFkkoka] vSfrgkfld vj
fBdk.kkS % fo:irkoka vj foMacukoka uS ys;uS bZ izse vk[;kuka jh Qs:a fljt.kka gSA vka jh
iq’ikatfy Hkou jktLFkkuh ysf[kdkoka uS vkijS dFkk dgkf.k;ka yksd nsorkoka] vSfrgkfld vj
twauS Mkd[kkauS ykjS] y{ehuxj ys[ku esa ?k.kh lkopsr vj lfØ; gqo.kkS yksd pfjrka ekFkS vk/kkfjr gSA jktLFkkuh
tks/kiqj&342 006 gSA i.k vkS bZ lkp gS dS vBS jh [;krka&o+krka uS vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh esa
94601 06401
ysf[kdkoka jkS ys[ku jktLFkku jh ukjh jS fy[kuS ikBdka jS futj djhth gSA
ekau&ejtknk vj la?k’kZ jkS lkaxkSikax jktLFkkuh esa [;krka&o+krka jh ijaijk ?k.kh
vadu dj.k esa fd.kh Hkkar jh dksbZ twauhA twauh o+krka vj okfpd ijaijk lwa
dksj&dlj uha jk[khA vBS jkS efgyk vkorh yksddFkkoka uS ckrikslh jh dyk
vad& 2015 60
vj f[kerk lwa vsd uoh fljt.k nhB /kksorS Hkjrkj uS yqxkbZ m.kh jS C;kSokj vj
lkxS vkt jS tqx jpuk&f”kYi esa ikNh Hkklk esa lkarjh yrkM+ yxkorh ekjx ekFkS
fljftr dj.k jkS dkae lkSjkS uha] ?k.kkS Y;koSA dgk.kh jkS var ukVdh; gSA dFkk
vc[kkS vj tksf[ke Hkfj;kS gSA êka>y ^vlyh ghjS jh ij[k* b.k lkp uS m?kkM+S dS
jkr*] ^jktLFkkuh yksdxkFkk*] ^dS js fdLrwjh fejx ftdh lqax/k rkabZ ckoGkS gq;kS
pdok ckr*] ^veksyd ckrka*] ^fxj HkaorkS fQjS i.k ftdS fnu Bkg ykxS dS vk
Åapk Åapk x<ka*] êwey* vka jh rkS oha jh lwaMh fcjktS] oha jh HkVd.k [kre
dgkf.k;ka jk ladyu gSA êka>y jkr* esa gq; tkoSA f”k{kk vj laLdkj bZ lkpkS nk;tkS
13] ^dS js pdok ckr* esa 16] gS] dFkk ^lkpkS nk;tkS* euekSo.kS <ax&<kGS
^veksyd ckrka* esa 4 vj ^fxj Åapk lwa mn~?kkfVr djSA
Åapk x<ka* esa 30 dgkf.k;ka HksGh gSA MkW- dqlqe es?koky jh dgkf.k;ka jkS ewG
ikcwth] gkM+h jk.kh] <ksyk ek:] Mwaxth lqj lekt esa O;kIr dq:fr;ka ekFkS izgkj gSA
tokjth] ck?kh Hkkjeyh] egkjktk b.k esa fd.kh gn rkabZ oS lQy bZ OgSA dha
ekufla?kth] jk.kkS lkaxkS] ewey vkn dgkf.k;ka ljko.ktksx c.kh gSA dqlqe jkS
dgkf.k;ka yksd nsorkoka] vSfrgkfld jpuk&lalkj vkijS vklS&iklS ilfj;ksM+S
vj yksdpfjrka ekFkS vk/kkfjr gSA vka ifjos[k lwa xwafFk;ksM+kS gSA ^veaxyh Nk;k* jh
jk miekau] mies;] fo”ks’k.k] pfjr vj ?k.kdjh dgkf.k;ka jS dsanz esa ukjh gS vj
“kSyh vkn lxGh ijaijk jh gSA ukjh ftanxka.kh jh vc[kk;ka b.kka jh
lq[knk dNokg jS dgk.kh laxzS ^:Bh fol;&oLrqA laxzS esa 15 dgkf.k;ka gSA
jk.kh* vj ^vkt jh ewey* EgkjS ^veaxyh Nk;k*] ^,d QSlykS blkS ch*]
ns[k.k&i<.k esa vk;k gSA lq[knk dUuS ^yktkS jh eqfDr*] vj ^ykSVrh [kqfl;ka*
jktLFkkuh jkS eqgkojkS gSA dgk.kh êkVh ukjh tho.k jh vc[kk;ka& ngst] fo/kok
jkS gsykS* esa LgSj esa if<;ksM+ka jS ukao fookg] cky fookg uS lkEgha Y;koSA ^tho
xkao&[ksrh jh ekVh jkS gsykS gSA îne.k jh xSy* vj ^fd.k jh ltk* miHkksDrkoknh
jh ihM+* esa ine.k jh ihM+ gS dS ohauS vFkZ dsafnzr lksp jS tho.k lwa njdrS ?k:
tkSgj bZ D;wa dj.kkS iM+S] D;wa uha ok vj lektw laca/kka jh dgkf.k;ka gSA
f[kyth tSM+k ukjh &jk ykGph iq#lka lwa ^feu[ki.kkS ejîkS dksuha* vj ^rhtkS cG/k*
vkEgha&lkEgha gq;uS nks;&nks; gkFk dj.k esa lkearh ewY;ka jh ftanxka.kh jh csclh uS
jkS bfrgkl jpSA b.k esa vSfrgkfld ûqaoh le>*] ^?kj cSBîk xaxk vkbZ* vj
fojrkar uS dgk.kh c.kko.k jkS iz;kl gS] ^pqukSrh* esa ukjh liuka jk fprjkae gSA
i.k ysf[kdk laosnuk mHkkj.k esa dqlqe jk ukjh ik= lekt esa U;kjk&U;kjk
ukdke;kc jS;hA ^vkf[kj dnS rd* rcdka jh uqekbanxh djSA dkark if<;ksM+kS]
lgf”k{kk esa dkWyst if<îksM+h iRuh ekFkS eaxyh xjhc rcdS vj ek;k e/;e rcdS
cSe djrh ifr:i iq#l jh vksG[kka.k jh ukjh ik= gSA f”kYixr psruk jh nhB lwa
djkoSA ^?kj vkvkS xksjh jk lkgscth* dqlqe jh dgkf.k;ka dgk.kh&dyk uS dha uokS
ijnsl cfl;ksM+k yM+dk ,uvkjvkbZ uha nsoSA Hkklk esa esokM+h vkapfydrk jkS
vBS vk;uS C;ko jS ukao fd.k fo/k izHkko gSA likV c;kuh dqlqe jh dgkf.k;ka
fjLrk uS BxuS tkoS ijkS] b.kjkS lkxhM+kS uS lgt c.kkoSA nhB lkQ gS i.k izLrqfr esa
uDlkS [khapSA ^daokjh lrh* tsBok vj iSuksi.k] dlko vj vfHkO;fDr esa rY[kh
ÅtGh jh yksddFkk vj ^fxaMd* vj /kkj uha gSA dgkf.k;ka esa lkadsfrdrk jkS
lklw&cgw jk laca/kka lwa mdfj;ksM+k ukjh vHkko vka jh f”kYixr detksjh gSA
varl jk nks; b/kdk fprjkae gSA vkuandkSj O;kl jk dgk.kh laxzS ôS
ysf[kdk jh lS lwa etcwr dgk.kh gS ^?kj lqiuk vS fprjkae* vj êksy feu[kpkjS
u ?kkV*A b.k eka; lekt jkS twaukS jkS* jh dgkf.k;ka eka; miHkksDrkoknh vi
yksdrRo bZ uha] m.k jh ehekalk bZ gSA laLd`fr jS dhp&dknS eka; dGhft;ksM+S
MkW- pkandkSj tks”kh jS dgk.kh laxzS okrkoj.k vj fxjrk ikfjokfjd uSfrd
^lkpkS lqiukS* jh dgkf.k;ka ikfjokfjd ewY;ka fcpkGS ihlhtrh&rM+cM+htrh vj oha
fjLrk vj oka law miT;k vuqHkoka uS lwa ckaFksM+kS djrh ckjS fudG.k jh vkQG
m?kkM+SA dgk.kh ûqaoh mxkGh* esa nk;tkS djrh ukjh jk vksirk ekaM.kk gSA
derh Y;ko.k lwa nwtS C;ko [kkrj eqaMkS tsck j”khn jh dgkf.k;ka esa ikfjokfjd
vad& 2015 62
58
rka.kS&cka.kS eka; HkkSfrdrk jS HkaojtkG esa jS dFkk laxzS ^vsd fcjFkk ftuxk.kh* esa 14
vGw>rk ukjh ik= gSA vka jh dgkf.k;ka vj êSyk gkFk % mtGk gkFk* esa 15 vj ^/kj
fjLrk jS [kks[kGSi.k uS pkSM+S djSA dwpka] /kj eatyka* esa 18 dgkf.k;ka HksGh gSA
ek/kqjh e/kq jk nks; dgk.kh laxzS vS dgkf.k;ka tho.k jS ukukfo/k igyqoka]
^dslfj;k ckye* vj ^frM+d.k ykxk izlaxka uS :ikf;r dj.kokGh dgkf.k;ka gSA
ckal* lkEgha vk;k gSA ^dslfj;k ckye* dqVqac vj lekt jk U;kjk&U;kjk :ika uS
esa 16 dgkf.k;ka gSA ^fgoM+S jkS njn* esa futj esa jk[krk Fkdka vka dgkf.k;ka jkS
lklw fuiwrh cgw uS ckG nhUgh vj csVS jkS fljt.k gq;kS gSA ¼izks- egsanz jk;tknk]
nwtkS C;ko dj.k [kkrj R;kj gq;xhA ^Hkse brokjh if=dk] t;iqj½A ?k.kdjh
jkS cht* esa tsBk.kh nsoj jS eu esa nsojk.kh ?kj&ifjokj vj jkstejkZ jh ftanxka.kh jS eqÌk
rkabZ cSe jk cht rksi nsoSA ^csVh ?kj gk.k lwa tqfM+;ksM+h gSA ¼jfo iqjksfgr½A dgkf.k;ka jkS
ns.kh] oj gk.k uha* esa ukUgh Åej ij.kkbZ dF; lelkef;d leL;koka& Hkz’Vkpkj
csVh QwfV;ksM+S Hkkx jkS fprjkae gSA ^lwGh* ¼^larki*½] csbekuh ¼^dkGkS /ku*]
esa ckaf.k;kS vkijS daoj rkabZ :ikGh ^dyk&O;kikjh lsB gtkjhey*½] csjkstxkjh
chu.kh Y;koSA daoj vSM+kS dS lsB jS ejîka ¼ûkSdjh*½ fdjk;S jS edkau jh leL;k ¼^?kj
iNS vkijS vSc nk:] tqvkS vj ijkbZ jkS liukS*½] ngst izFkk ¼^cgw*½ vkt jkS
yqxk;ka eka; lxGkS /ka/kkS pkSiV dj Ugk[kSA ikfjokfjd ekgkSy ¼^tgkt jkS ik[kh*½ vkn
^ckM+ [ksr uS [kk;* esa ?kj/k.kh ?kj jh gSA dgk.;ka esa tFkkjFk gS] laosnuk gSA ¼izHkk
fyNeh jS tkscu jkS C;kSikj djSA ^ckbZ Fkkuoh] chdkusj½A lekt jh fonzwirkoka uS
vki djeh OgS* esa vsd jkDllh eksVîkj mtkxj dj.kokGh vka dgkf.k;ka esa BsB
lwa ij.kkbZ Nksjh jkS Hkkx njlkoSA b.k Hkkar jktLFkkuh Hkklk vj eqgkojka jS iz;ksx lwa
ek/kqjh e/kq dUuS yqxkbZ tkr jh =klnh uS vfHkO;fDr jkspd&ljl gqo.k jS lkxS lgt
ys;uS dSo.k okLrS vol gS] i.k ckr uS vj iSuh bZ gSA vka dgkf.k;ka esa e/;eoxZ jk
vljnkj <ax lwa ijksV.k jh dyk uha gSA lgt] fpÙkkd’kZd fprjkae gS ft.kka esa b.k
ukao vkSj bZ eksdGk gS i.k efgyk rcdS jh leL;koka] fopkj] eukso`fÙk;ka]
dgk.khdkjka jk ukao fx.kko.kk EgkjkS lksp] detksfj;ka cMh lgtrk lwa js[kkafdr
edln dksuhaA vBS Qxr izfrfuf/k gqbZ gSA ¼paik “kekZ] jktLFkku if=dk]
jpukdkjka jh dgkf.k;ka uS ys;uS okajkS t;iqj½A dgk.kh ^fjLrk* ckaprk ;wa y[kk;kS
fujis[k foospu gktj dj.k jh vkQG tka.kS ewa Egkjh Mk;jh ckap jS;kS gwaA iq’iyrk
djh gS] ft.k lwa jktLFkkuh esa efgyk d”;i ekuoh; ewY;ka jh VwVu uS lyhdS lwa
dFkk&lalkj jh vsd rLohj mHkjuS lkEgha izLrqr djh gSA ¼dsljhdkar “kekZ dsljh]
vk; ldSA dydÙkk½A dgk.kh ^”kd* vsd ekank ru jh
vcS Egkjh dha ckr& ekanh ekufldrk dks lw{e fprjke NSA Hkk’kk]
iq’iyrk d”;i jk rhu jktLFkkuh Hkko vj pfj=&fp=.k jh n`f’V lwa ;k vsd
dgk.kh laxzS ^vsd fcjFkk ftuxk.kh* VkGoha dgk.kh dgh tk ldS NSA ¼j?kqjkt flag
¼1993½] ^ eSyk gkFk % mtGk gkFk* gkM+k] >kykokM+½A
¼1996½] vj ^/kj dwpka] /kj eatyka* y?kqdFkk fo/kk %&
¼2002½ lkEgha vk;kA vka dgkf.k;ka esa y?kqdFkk fo/kk esa mYys[ktksx ukao iq’iyrk
fol; jh fofo/krk vj uoh rktxh gSA d”;i] MkW- pkandkSj tks”kh] d`’.kk HkVukxj]
iq’iyrk jh dgkf.k;ka jh folS&oLrq vj MkW- rkjky{e.k xgyksr] MkW- dqlqe es?koky
ifjos[k vk/kqfud vj jktLFkkuh dgk.kh vj clarh iaokj vkn jk gSA i.k efgyk
jh ikjaifjd :f<xr yhd lwa gVuS gqoSA jpukdkjka eka; lwa gky rkabZ jktLFkkuh esa
jktLFkkuh tho.k vj ifjos[k esa cnGko dksbZ vsdy laxzS uha Nfi;kSA
jS lkxS jktLFkkuh dgk.kh esa bZ cnGko iz;kl laLFkku] pw: lwa lwcS jk pkok& Bkok
vko.kkS ?k.kkS t:jh gSA tn bZ dgk.kh y?kqdFkkdkj MkW- jkedqekj ?kksVM+ jS laiknu
cxr jh uCt idM+ ldSA tho.k lkxS esa NI;S y?kqdFkk----
ikaoMk /kj ldSA nwth Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka ckdh ist 54 ekFkS
lkxS vj iNS dgk.kh jS fo”o&ifjn`”;
ekFkS jktLFkkuh dgk.kh uS ÅHkh dj.k
lk: vk ckr ?k.kh egrkÅ gSA iq’iyrk
vad& 2015 62
61
58
jktLFkkuh miU;kldkj vUukjke lqnkek jk miU;kl % fuj[k&ij[k
MkW- xtsflag jktiqjksfgr
jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jh vsd ywaBh ijaijk jsornkau pkj.k] ^jk/kk* jS ika.k lR;izdk'k
jS;h gS] tBS v.kfx.k jpukdkj vkijh tks'kh ^gwwa xkSjh fd.k iho jh* jS ika.k ;knosanz
ek;M+ Hkklk esa lkfgR; lk/kuk jS ika.k 'kekZ ^panz* êka>y jkr* jS ika.k jka.kh y{eh
lekt vj lalkj uS vsd uoh vj ÅtGh dqekjh pwaMkor vj Qsj dsbZ jktLFkkuh
nhB nhUghA b;ka vBS dS;kS bZ tkoS dS lkfgR; jpukdkjka jkS ukao nk[kyka l:i ns; ldka
lekt jkS nji.k gqoSA ft.k lkfgR; esa gkaA
lekt jk njl.k] Hkko dS fprjkae uha gqoS vBS ckr bZ /;kau nso.k tksx gS dS Qxr
okS lkfgR; FkksFkkS] dksjh dYiukoka vj lcnka iksF;ka jh la[;k fx.kko.k lwa dksbZ lkfgR;dkj
jkS tkG dS;htSA bfrgkl b.k ckr jh lk[k ywaBkS uha gqoSA m.k iksFkh jkS lkfgfR;d egrc
HkjS gS dS lekt rkS m.kht lkfgR;dkj uS fdÙkkS gS] m.k jh fol;&oLrq] Hkklk&“kSyh]
gh;S lwa vaxstS tdkS m.k jk fprjkae ekaMSA dFkk&dFkkud] ik= vj pfj= fp=.k]
vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh Hkklk jk fljS jpukdkj f”kYi] nsldky vj okrkoj.k jS lkxS&lkxS
vUukjke lqnkek lkfgR; jS b.k eje jk ikBdka uS cka/kuS jk[k.k jh f[kerk
MkW-xtsflag jktiqjksfgr tka.kdkj gk] b.kh dkj.kS oS ftdkS bZ lkfgR; egrkÅ gqoSA
fljt.k dfj;kS m.k esa lekt uS vGxkS uha vUukjke lqnkek vsd fl)gLr
tye % 14 twu] 1974
jkf[k;kSA dSo.k jkS eryc vkS dS vUukjke miU;kldkj jS :i esa lkEgha vkoSA oS b.kht
i<kbZ% ,e-,-¼jktLFkkuh½]ih&,p-Mh- lqnkek vkijh jpukoka esa jktLFkkuh lekt] miU;kl fo/kk jS ekjQr lekt jh lPpkbZ
Nih iksFkh % tl jk vk[kj ft.k esa [kklrkSj lwa xzkeh.k tho.k vj okajh mtkxj djSA lekt esa O;kIr dqjhfr;ka vj
¼jktLFkkuh dkO;] 2006½] jktgal okLrfod gkykr jkS lVhd fprjkae dj.k jS dqizFkkoka jS lkxS vkae&vkneh lkxS gq;k
¼jktLFkkuh 'kks/k xzaFk] 2008½] lkxS&lkxS lkekftd psruk txk;uS m.kuS vU;k; vj vR;kpkj jkS fojks/k rkS djS bZ gS
vkRen'kZu ¼Le`fr xzaFk] 2010½
uo;qx jh psruk lwa tksM+SA i.k egrkÅ ckr vk dS oS vkijS ik=ka jS
laiknu % lqtk 'krd ¼ Økafrdkjh
vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh x|&lkfgR; ys[ku ekjQr vkae&vkneh uS vU;k; vj
ohjkaxuk lqtk jh tho.k xkFkk½
dh nhB lwa vUukjke lqnkek jkS ukao ?k.kkS vR;kpkj jS fo:) la?k"kZ dj.k jh lh[k bZ
'kks/kizca/k % jktLFkkuh foHkkxk/;{k
egrkÅ vj ekautksxA jktLFkkuh x|& nsoSA lkekftd ljksdkj] ukjh LokfHkeku]
izks-¼MkW-½ dY;k.kflag 'ks[kkor jS
funsZ'ku esaA VkWfid& ^nsofd'ku lkfgR; esa miU;kl fo|k uS vsd ÅtGh i;kZoj.k izse] nh[kkok lwa nwj] lekt jS lkp
jktiqjksfgr jk jktLFkkuh miU;kl % vksG[kka.k nso.k lk: jktLFkkuh Hkklk jk uS vaxstrk Fkdka [ksr&[kGka] xkao] ukjh vj
vsd vuq”khyu*A lxGk miU;kldkjk esa vUukjke lqnkek jkS cky&'kks"k.k jS lkxS&lkxS cktkjokn jh
gky % v/;{k vj lgk;d vkpk;Z uke lS lwa fljSA vBS vk ckr dS; nSok dS leL;koka] iwathifr;k] jktusrkoka] <ksaxh
jktLFkkuh foHkkx] t; ukjk;.k O;kl vUukjke lqnkek jS fcuk jktLFkkuh& lk/kqoka vj Hkz"V ukSdj'kkgh jh dkGh djrwrka
fo'o fo|ky;] tks/kiqj miU;kl lkfgR; jh vsd ÅtGh vksG[kka.k uS mtkxj djSA yksdra= jS Fkji.kk jh
dsbZ iqjLdkj vj lEekuA uha c.kS rkS dksbZ vtksxrh ckr dksuhaA D;wdS lkjFkd lksp jk /k.kh& vUukjke lqnkek
fBdk.kkS % jktLFkkuh miU;kl fo/kk uS lqnkekth tdh vkijh ek;M+ Hkklk jS lkxS&lkxS jktHkklk
543] 8&ch jksM+] ÅapkbZ iznku djh] vkae tu esa miU;kl jh fganh esa bZ ljko.k tksx dkae dfj;kSA
ljnkjiqjk] tdkS fiNka.k dk;e djh] oka yksd jS fpÙk esa lqnkek jk jktLFkkuh miU;kl %&
tks/kiqj ¼jkt-½ ^^vak/kh vj vkLFkk* dS êSoS jk :a[k* jS :i 1- eSdrh dk;k % eqGdrh /kjrh ¼1966½
99284 18822 esa vktyx m.kht Hkkar eafM;ksM+h gSA yksd 2- vka/kh vj vkLFkk ¼1974½
94609 24400 lcn vi.kS&vki esa Hkksr cMh rkdr gSA 3- eSoS jk :a[k ¼1977½
ewŒ fuokl D;wadS tn dnS bZ vkS yksd fd.kh jpukdkj 4- Madhtrk ekuoh ¼1981½
fot; Jh lnu] jh jpuk uS [kqn jh jpuk ekau ysoS rkS okS 5- ?kj lalkj ¼1983½
eq-iks-& fuEcksy ] r-& tSrkj.k] jpukdkj vj m.k jh jpuk yksd jh Fkkrh 6- vpwd bykt ¼1990½
ftyk& ikyh 306 308 c.k tkoSA T;wa& ^/kjrh /kksjka jh* jS ika.k 7- xkao jks xkSjo ¼cky miU;kl&1981½
dUgS;kyky lsfB;k] ^vej&pwuM+h* jS ika.k jktLFkkuh miU;kl VkŒ nwtkS lkfgR; %&
u`flag jktiqjksfgr] ^lka>* jS ika.k 1- jktLFkkuh dgk.kh&
ukjk;.kflag HkkVh] ^ckrka jh QqyokM+h* jS vka/kS uS vka[;ka] xGr bykt] ek;k jks jax]
ika.k fot;nkau nsFkk] ^psr&ekau[kk* jS ika.k vS bDdhl dgkf.k;ka
vad& 2015 60
2- jktLFkkuh dfork & fp=.k gS rkS nwtS dkauh ekuoh; ln~xq.k] izse] bZ vc[kk;k vkokS i.k feu[k uS lnk
fijksG esa dqÙkh C;kbZ] O;Fkk&dFkk vj nwth /kjrh lwa vFkkg izse jkS thoV fprjkae ns[k.k vkijh gher] fe.kr vj vkLFkk uha NksM.kh
dforkoka] vksGHkks tM+ vka/kS uS uS feySA l: lwa ys;uS var rkabZ vkorka pkghtSA
3- jktLFkkuh tkrjk&laLej.k& xzkeh.k okrkoj.k esa c/krh vk dFkk jktLFkkuh ckuxh ns[k.ktksx& ^^dqjL;ka dkauh ewaMks
nwj&fnlkoj] vkax.k lwa vukZdqye laLd`fr] lH;rk vj vk[kS nsl jh folslrkoka vj nsl dkauh iwN lnk gh fuH;ka djS gS]
4- jktLFkkuh ukVd& jkS izrhd c.k tkoSA D;awdS b.k miU;kl esa dnS*bZ\ eksVh ckr vk gS txUukFk! dSbZ rks
c/krh vaoGkbZ ys[kd jktLFkku jS lkxS&lkxS Hkkjr nsl jS vkijh tkr [kkrj njM+kS [kksnS] Å.MS lwa
5-jktLFkkuh fuca/k& :i&jax vj QqVjkiS jkS ljko.k tksx oj.ku Å.MkSA mBrh vj vewtrh /kjrh oha lxGh
euoka Fkkjh vknr dfj;kS gSA miU;kl jkS ewG mÌs'; /kjrh lk: tkr uS gh dnsbZ njMS- esa Ugka[k*j lery
fganh lkfgR; %& izse vj lkEiznkf;d ln~Hkko mtkxj dj nslhA** ¼ist&86½
tfx;k dh okilh] ck?k vkSj fcfYy;ka] dj.kkS gSA 3- esoS jk :a[k %&
vyko] vkaxu ufn;k] vtgq nwjh v/kwjh] ckuxh ns[k.ktksx& ^^mÙkjknh dkadM ij b.k miU;kl eka; nsl esa vkikrdky
;g gS iqf[k;k ¼miU;kl½A cnjh folkG vkijh folkG Hkqtkoka lwa vk[kS ^^bejtsalh** ¼twu 1975 lwa ebZ 1977
miU;klka jS VkG lqnkekth fganh esa nsl uS vkika dkauh cqykoSA xaxk&teuk cha jh yx½ jS cxr jh xzkeh.k eukso`fÙk jkS fp=.k
eksdGh dgk.;ka vj dforkoka bZ fy[khA vkjrh djS] ckajk xhr rw dksuh lq.kS uha\ djhtkS gSA lkxS bZ m.k cxr jktLFkkuh
jktLFkkuh miU;kl lkfgR; lk/kuk vxq.kh fnl esa txrifr txUukFk--- ftdS jks xzkeh.k tho.k jh lkekftd] vkfFkZd]
1- eSdrh dk;k % eqŒdrh /kjrh %& uxkjks lenj Nksyk jk Madk] iwu jS :i esa jktuSfrd] /kkfeZd] vj lkaLd`frd
jktLFkkuh miU;kl lkfgR; jh izxfr esa iouiq= jS jkr fnu ctk&ctk vkikauS txkoSA ifjfLFkfr;ka jkS ltho fp=.k ns[k.k uS
b.k miU;kl jkS egrkÅ tksxnkau jS;kSA QSj gh vkika lwrk jS;L;kA fn[k.k esa HkksGkukFk feySA m.k cxr jkt jh ulcanh ;kstuk jkS
lu~ 1966 esa izdkflr lqnkek jkS vkS vsd jks Me:---vkFkw.kh lhao ij }kjdk/khl jkS xyr iz;ksx jkS [kqyklkS dFkk uS tho.k
lkekftd miU;kl gS] tdkS ekr`Hkwfe jS 'ka[k /kwa?kkV djSA P;ka: fnl esa Hkxoku [kqn iznkau djSA dFkk jkS uk;d lhukFk
izfr izse vj m.kjkS egrc izfrikfnr djSA [kM+k Hkkse jks iksjks nsosA xaxk&teuk jh fcpyh ¼f'koukFk½ jS ekjQr jpukdkj vsd uoh
miU;kl esa ?kj lwa fudfG;ksM+h vsd ukjh /kjrh tksxslj jh fpÙk fcjrh lh fdlhd Økafr txko.k jh dkslhl djS i.k eu esa
jS njn jh dFkk gS tdh vk bZ ckr fl) lery vj Llksjh gSA** ¼ist 160&161½ vsd ladk bZ ikG jk[kS dS b.k iawthoknh
djS dS ukjh gh ukjh jS nq[kka jh tM+ gSA 2- vka/kh vj vkLFkk %& O;oLFkk jkS var OgSyk ds uha\ xjhc yksxka jk
lu~ 1974 esa fy[khft;S b.k lq/kkjoknh gj izdkj lwa gqorS 'kks"k.k uS mtkxj djrk
lkekftd miU;kl esa ys[kd vsd vSM+k Fkdk okS lekt uS nks; Hkkxka esa ckaVS& vsd
vkLFkkoku pfj= uS izLrqr dfj;kS gS tdkS 'kksf"kr ojx vj nwtkS iwathifr tdkS 'kks"k.k
v.kfx.k vc[kk;ka vj ladV vk;k iNS bZ djSA i.k ys[kd 'kksf"kr ojx uS bZ vkijS
vkijh dÙkZO;fu"Bk] /kje&dje vj 'kks"k.k lk: ftEesnkj ekauSA vkS 'kksf"kr
bZekunkjh uha NksMSA ek;M+Hkkse vj ifjokj jS ojx bZ 'kks"k.k dj.kokGk uS êSoS jk :a[k*
izfr lkpS eu lwa vkijkS Qjt fuHkkoSA lr jS jkS f[krkc nsoSA oj.kkukRed 'kSyh esa
ekjx pkySA miU;kl jkS uk;d txUukFk] fyf[kft;ksM+kS vkS miU;kl lekt jk Hkyk
ft.kjS tho.k esa vko.k okGh vc[kk;ka uS vj HkwaMk nksuwa Hkkar jk yksxka jkS pfj=
^vka/kh* vj m.kjh dÙkZO; ijk;.krk uS mtkxj djSA ts flukFk] inek lwjnkl vj
^vkLFkk* jS :i esa vfHkO;Dr dfj;kS x;kS gSA /khjth tSM+k yksx lekt uS txko.k jkS dkae
jktLFkkuh xkzeh.k tho.k jkS tFkkjFk vdkG djS rkS nwtS dkauh /kuth gtkjhey vj
jS cxr Hkw[k&xjhch lwa tw>rkS eku[kkS vkijkS Fkkusnkj tSM+k ik= lekt uS pwluS [kks[kykS
tho.k fdlfon thoS\ vdkG jS cxr vdkG djSA miU;kl lkekftd&lkEiznkf;d
jkgr jS ukao lwa xjhck jkS 'kks"k.k] ljdkjh ln~Hkko vj laxBu lxrh jh lh[k nso.k jS
;kstukoka jkS nq:i;ksx] ukjh jh ykpkjh jkS lkxS vU;k; vj vR;kpkj jkS fojks/k dj.k
lVhd fprjkae b.k miU;kl esa feySA ys[kd jh tu psruk txkoSA lu~ 1978 esa vkS
vkijh lcGh nhB jS ika.k tFkkjFk uS lkEgha miU;kl lkfgR; vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh lwa
Y;ko.k lk: txUukFk uS izrhd c.kk;uS xkao iqjLd`r djhtkSA
ukf;dk lqxuh ¼lqFkkjh ukuh½ vkijh esa ljiap] jkt jk vf/kdkfj;k vj lsBka jh ckuxh ns[k.ktksx& ^^vjs csVk] pksj&pksj
lxGh jkae dgk.kh vkijS nksfgrS uS gdhdr jkS [kqyklkS djSA <ksaxh rkaf=d jh lSa ekafl;kbZ HkkbZ] jkt gS dBS\ lxGk
lq.kkoSA ys[kd miU;kl jh dFkk esa vsd ijrk [kksyS rkS nwth dkauh tlksnk tSM+h ukjh eyhnk ekFkS mrj;kSM+k gSA** ¼ist&7½
Jksrk jS :i esa futj vkoSA miU;kl esa ik= jS ika.k ukjh uS ÅtGh vksG[kka.k ns;uS 4- Madhtrk ekuoh %&
vkarfjd dGg] yqxkbZ ekFkS feu[k jk lgu lxrh jh ewjr fl) djSA miU;kl b.k miU;kl esa ys[kd xkesrh tho.k jh
vR;kpkj] lkEiznkf;d eueqVko jkS ltho fljt.k jkS mÌs';& feu[kktwa.k esa HkykabZ fdrh tfVyrkoka] fujcy vkneh jh ihM+kok]
vad& 2015 62
61
58
ckgjh vkMacj vj va/kfo'okl jkS ltho tFkkjFk mtkxj djSA miU;kl esa xq:th] 7- vpwd bykt %&
fp=.k dfj;kS gSA lu~ 1981 jS yxSVxS vklw] lqxfu;ks] vj ve: tSM+k ik= ^vpwd bykt^ vUUkkjke lqnkek jkS
fyf[kft;sM+S b.k miU;kl jh iwjh dFkk ldkjkREkd lksp jS ika.k uoh vksG[kka.k 1990 esa izdkflr fOg;kS lkrokSa jktLFkkuh
miU;kl jk ik= tM+ko vj tlksnk jS c.kkoSA b.k miU;kl jS ykjS ys[kd jkS miU;kl gSA miU;kldkj jS eu esa lekt
vk[krh&ik[krh ?kwerh nhlSA vS nksuwa bZ nks; mÌs';&Vkcjka esa izd`fr vj i;kZoj.k uS es iuirk 'kks"k.k] vU;ko] vHkko] vj
tgjhyh /kkjkoka jS :i esa lkEgha vkoS tdkS iks[k.k lk: tkx:d dj.kk vj Hkkar&Hkkar jS folerkoka jS izfr tdkS vkØks'k ÅcG
C;kt&cÍk lwa xjhck jkS [kwau pwlSA Qsj ih<h ulS lwa nwj jk[k.kkS gSA ts eu esa rsoM+ ysoS rkS fj;kS gkS okS ^vpwd bykt^ jS :i esa lkEgha
nj ih<h m/kkjh jkS djtkS c/krkS bZ tkoS i.k vsd vkn'kZ f'k{kd vS lxGk dkae vklkuh lwa vkoSA b.k miU;kl esa vsd vSM+S feu[k jh
m.klwa eqxrh uha feySA miU;kldkj ^tM+ko* dj ldSA dFkk gS] tdkS vHkkok lwa tw>rkS]
ukao jS ik= uS izrhd c.kk;uS lkEgha jk[kS] ckuxh ns[k.ktksx&^^fnuwaxS B.Mh gokA c.krkS&fcxM+rkS] mBrkS&IkM+rkS] LokfHkeku
dS vSM+k yksx fd.k Hkkar xjhc yksxka jkS Pkk:dkauh gfj;kGhA fry] xokj] eawx] eksB jh /kjrh ekFkS [kM+kS gq;uS vc[kk;ka uS
jkr&fnu 'kks"k.k djSA dFkk jkS mÌs'; vkS bZ vj erhjk&dkdfM+;kA cktjh ywGS iwu lkxSA vGxh dj vkijh eupkgh eafty rkabZ
gS dS tM+ko tSM+k tgjhyk Mad b.k lekt fpM+dY;ka xhr xkorh mMS+A** ¼ist&22½ iwXkSA dFkk jS ekjQr ys[kd vk crkoS dS
esa ?k.kk bZ feyS ft.k lwa lkopsr jSo.kkS ?k.kkS 6- ?kj&lalkj %& cqjkbZ vFkok iki dje lwa dek;ksM+kS /ku
t:jh gSA nks; VSe Hkw[kkS jS; tko.kkS i.k la[;k vj dkyØe jh nhB lwa rkS dnSbZ fd.kh jkS HkykS uha djS] b.k lk:
vSM+k yksxak jS djtS esa uha nc.kkSA miU;kl ^?kj&lalkj* lqnkekth jkS NBkS jktLFkkuh fe.kr vj bZekunkjh jh dekbZ lwa bZ
jk ik=&ckyw jh fe.kr] bZekunkjh vj miU;kl gS i.k vkdkj jh nhB lwa lS lwa ywaBkSA cjdr gqoSA ifjokj vkXkS c/kSA fd.kh Hkkar
ykpkjh jkS oj.kko ?k.kkS ljko.k tksx gSA b.kht dkj.k vkS miU;kl lu~ 1983 esa jk vkMacj dS >wBk <dkslGk dkae uha
ckuxh ns[k.ktksx& ^^lksP;ks ds.kkS fQtwy nks;&[kaMk esa izdkflr fOg;kS gkSAA vkoSA miU;kl fljt.k jkS /;s; vkS bZ
gS] dS;ka mcjlh iNrkokS vj c/klh ^?kj&lalkj* eka; vsd vSM+h xjhc] fuxS vkoS dS vc[kh lwa vc[kh ?kM+h ek;a bZ
[kkjkl ds [kVkbZA djark lks Hkjark vj i<h&fy[kh vj LokfHkekuh yqxkbZ jh dFkk gS feu[k uS dnSbZ vkijkS /khtkS uha [kkso.kkS
f[k.kark lks iM+UrkA pksj jh eka ?kMS+ esa ew.MkS tdkS :f<oknh vj nk;tS jk yksHkh lklw&lqljS pkghtSA iki jh dekbZ HkykabZ nkau esa bZ
?kky*j jksoS] dhuS gh er lq.kkokS] vkika gh jS >wBk Hkje vj vR;kpkj jh fldkj fOg;ksM+h feyS rkS bZ uha yso.kh pkghtSA vkijh
Hkjks vki.kka fd;kA** ¼ist&67½ gSA lkljS vj ihgj lwa fudG;ksM+h ok vSM+kS fe.kr ekFkS HkjkslkS jk[k.kkS pkghtSA
fBdk.kkS <wa<S tBS m.kjh [kqn jh vktknh gqoS miU;kl esa calh egkjkt jkS mnkgj.k
vj >wBh ykylkoka vj Åap& uhp jkS ca/k.k ns;uS crkoS dS vkijh fe.kr foLokl vj
uha gqoSA NsdM+ oka vsd xkao esa tk;uS gfjtu ghEkr lwa bZ tho.k lQy gq; ldSA
cLrh jS yksxka jkS mRFkku dj.kkS pkoSA b.k ckuxh ns[k.ktksx& ^êka dhajh gh dks<h
miU;kl esa ys[kd miU;kl jh ukf;dk lq/kk jS dkeuk lkxS tqM+h] nku jh vk [kqjkc xGr
ekjQRk ^nfyra e/kqja* jkS Hkko tkxzr djuS bZ ugha tgjhyh Hkh gSA vk can gqa.kh
vsd vknlZ uS O;kogkfjd vj lgt :i law pkfgtSA vk ysof.k;ka jS tho.k ewG ij
xkao jh ftanxka.kh esa ?kfVr gq;ksM+kS crkoSA vkS cM+h ?kkrd pksV djSA** ¼ist&162½
miU;kl cnGrS lekt jkS ifjpk;d gSA uoha lqnkek jh ys[ku&ÔkSyh%&
tqxpsruk vj tqxcks/k jkS vkHkkl djkoSA vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh Hkklk vj lkfgR;
Hkklk vsd ekud :i fy;ksM+h gS rkS ik=ka jkS uS flefj/k dj.k esa ft.k egkau jktLFkkuh
laokn lgt vj vkd"kZd gSA gkykafd jpukdkjka jkS tksxnkau ekU;kS tkoS m.kk
miU;kl jS ik=k jS ekjQr lekt jh eka; vUUkkjke lqnkek jkS ukao ?k.kkS eku&
jktuSfrd] vkfFkZd] lkekftd] /kkfeZd lEEkkau lwa fy;kS tkoSA jktLFkku jS xzkeh.k
fLFkfr;ka jkS [kqyklkS djhft;kS gS i.k miU;kl tu&tho.k esa vDlj ?kV.kokGh ?kVukoka
jkS mÌs'; tkfrokn jkS HksnHkko HkwyuS uS oS vkijh ikj[kh nhB lwa ns[krk Fkdk]
lkEiznkf;d ln~Hkko LFkkfir dj.kkS gSA gh;S esa m.kka jS izfr vsd xgjh lgkuqHkwfr
5- xkao jks xkSjo %& feu[kktaw.k esa dksbZ dkae NksVkS&eksVkS uha gqoS] lS jk[kuS lkekftd psruk lwa ljkcksj
lu~ 1981 esa izdkflr lqnkek jkS vkS lwa ywaBkS rkS feu[ki.kkS gqo.kkS pkghtS D;wadS lkfgR; jkS fljt.k dj.kkS lqnkekth jS
cky&miU;kl gS] tdkS Vkcjk uS i;kZoj.k feu[ki.kka jS fcuk feu[k jh dksbZ fiNka.k ys[ku jh [kkl folslrk jS;hA
vj izd`fr lwa izse dj.k jh lh[k nsoSA uha gS\ xzkeh.k thou jh laosnuk] lkekftd
miU;kl jh Hkklk ljy vj Vkcjka lk: ckuxh ns[k.ktksx& ^^[kM+h gqxh ck] gqrka gh dqjhfr;ka vj dqizFkkoka] ekuoh; ljksdkj]
?k.kh egrkÅ gSA ys[kd Vkcjk uS lh[k nsoS NksjS us ckFkka esa Hkj fy;kSA jksos gh] dq.k th jktuSfrd Hkz"Vkpkj] iwathifr;ka jh
dS i;kZoj.k] izd`fr vj isM+&ikS/kk iks[k.kk FkkeSa] vkt fdlh*d gqbZ\ gwa ea: rks Hkyka gh 'kks"k.kdkjh uhfr] /kje jS uke ekFkS
?k.kk t:jh gSA rkS nwth dkauh ys[kd >wBk ejks] FkkjS dha er gq;T;kSA dGirh Fkdh ckFkka ik[kaMh lark jh dwM+ yhyk] vc[kk;k lwa
ra=&ea=] Hkwr&izsr jkS [kqyklkS dj tho.k jkS vkSj dlyh c.k] Nksjks gh jksoSA** ¼ist&18½ tw>rh ukjh vj feu[kktw.k jh fofo/k
vad& 20
2015 62
61
58
Nfo;ka jkS tFkkjFkoknh oj.kko vj m.k lwa jktLFkkuh miU;kl& cqyan djSA m.kjh vkokt jkS vk[kS lekt
eqxrh iko.k jkS ekjx vUukjke lqnkek jh tho.k jS dM+ok vuqHkoka jh mit ekFkS tksjnkj ldkjkREkd izHkko iM+S] vkS
lkfgR; lk/kuk jkS ewG ea= dS;htSA okLro vUukjke lqnkek jkS miU;kl lkfgR; izHkko bZ m.kjh lkfgR;&lk/kuk jkS QfGr
esa lqnkekth vsd vuwBk jpukdkj jS :i m.kka jS tho.k jS dM+ok vuqHkoka jh mit tl gSA
esa lkEgha vkoS ft.kka jS lkfgR; esa vHkkoka fuxS vkoSA tho.k esa tdkS nq[k ihM+k] b.k jS lkxS bZ vUukjke lqnkek eaq'kh
esa thorS eku[kS jh psruk vj foijhr lkekftd folerk tdh oS [kqn Hkqxrh vj izsepan vj vkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn f}osnh jS
gkykr esa la?k"kZ dj.k jh f[kerk ikBd uS ns[kh m.kuS vkijh dye lwa mdsjhA T;wa m.kk lkfgR; lwa ?k.kk izHkkfor jS;kA ifj.kke
vkikSvki feySA ikBd m.kka jh dye vj jS tho.k jkS vkS dM+okS vuqHko& Lo:i lqnkek bZ m.kh xr vkijS ik=ka jS
m.kjS thoV ik=ka lkxS vsd vtka.k ^êgktu jS ?kjS iSyh ukSdjh] fnuHkj xq.kka vj dqnjr jkS rkyesy ?k.kS ljko.k
vkfRed ca/k.k esa ca/kuS jSoSA vBS vk ckr gkMrksM+ etnwjh dj;ka iNS flaÖ;k jk tksx rjhdS lwa dfj;kSA lcn&fp=.k
[kkl /;kau nso.k tksx gS dS i<îka&fy[;ka poUuh feyh vj oka bZ [kksVhA** ¼Mk;ykWx½ izLrqfr rkS deky jh gSA lqnkek
ik=ka jS ek/;e lwa lekt esa psruk jkS lkfgR; vka nksuwa bZ
txko.kh vklkau gS i.k ^lqnkek* rkS lkfgR;dkjka jh lksp lwa U;kjkS
vkijS v.ki< vj xaokj dS;ht.k uha gSA oS tdkS ns[;kS] vuqHko
okGS xzkeh.k [ksrj jk lk/kkj.k ik=ka dfj;kS m.kuS lkekftd
jS ekjQr vsd oSX;kfud nhB jS mi;ksfxrk jh dlkSVh ekFkS
lkxS&lkXkS lkeftd lerk vj dluS vkijh jpukoka uS uokS
ekuoh; ca/kqRo jkS Hkko txkoSA m.kka l:i ns; fn;kSA
jS dye jh vk bZ dkjhxjh m.kka uS vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh x|
lxGk lwa U;kjk vj lS lwa fljS lkfgR; jk vkxhoka.k fljtdka
miU;kldkj jS :i esa Fkkfir djSA esa ft.k BkSM+ fot;nkau nsFkk jkS
lqnkek jS miU;kl vj dgk.kh jk ukao ^yksd'kSyh* jh nhB lwa
uk;d&ukf;dk vsd vknlZ jh egrkÅ gS rkS m.kht BkSM+ vsd
Fkji.kk djSA nslHkxrh Hkkouka lwa ^f'k"V 'kSyh* b;kadS ekSfyd
vksrizksr] lkEiznkf;d ln~Hkko jk fljt.k jh nhB lwa vUukjke
lejFkd] ekuuh; xw.kka lwa Hkjiwj] lqnkek jkS fljt.k ?k.kkS
oSX;kfud nhB jk /k.kh vj ek;M+ egrkÅ ekU;kS tkoSA lqnkek
Hkkse jS izfr fu"Bkokau gqoSA dSo.k jkS jktLFkkuh yksddFkkoka jS tknqbZ
eryc vkS dS lqnkek jh ys[k.k “kSyh tFkkjFk lwa cpuS vkijh
lkfgfR;d vj O;kdj.k folslrkoka jpukoka xzkeh.k tutho.k jS
lwa vksrizksr vsd [kkl “kSyh gS] ft.k tho.k jk tFkkjFk dk lkpk
esa xzkeh.k tho.k jS cksypky jh fprjkae mdsfj;kA b.kh Hkkar
vkapfyd lcnkoGh bZ ns[k.k uS lqnkekth e/;dkyhu lkearh
feySA jfG;ko.kh ek;M+ Hkklk jS Hkklk uS fNVdk;uS jktLFkkuh
mf.k;kjS T;kaunkj eqgkojka vj jS vk/kqfud Hkklk&:i uS
vljnkj dgkorka jh ltho dksj.kh Fkkfir dfj;kSA dSo.k jkS
fuaxS vkoSA BkSM+&BkSM+ vaydkjk jh eryc vkS dS jktLFkkuh Hkklk
NVk vj yksd fdonafr;ka jS vksGkoS uS uokS :i fn;kSA vkS bZ dkj.k
Hkkar&Hkkar jk nz"Vkar ns;uS IkzHkko'kkyh tho.k jkS vkS dM+okS vuqHko mtkxj gS dS cnzhizlkn lkdfj;k jk
O;aX;kRed 'kSyh esa ckr dSo.k jkS vkaVkS dj.kkS ?k.kkS nkSjkS gSA gjsd jpukdkj uha dj ^jktLFkkuh 'kCndks'k* esa lqnkek jh Hkklk
lqnkekth jS ys[ku jh [kkl folslrk ldSA laLd`r Hkklk jk txpkok jpukdkj jkS ijr[k izHkko nsf[k;kS tk; ldSA okLro
ekuh tkoSA egkdfo dkyhnkl jkS ckGi.kkS bZ v.kwrh esa lqnkek jh Hkklk&'kSyh tho.k jh
vBS vk ckr dSo.kh bZ oktch gS dS xjhch esa xqtjîkS i.k m.k jk lkfgR; esa leL;koka lwa tw>rS eku[kS jh fØ;k&dGkika
lqnkek jh Hkklk euksgkjh] ljl vj dBSbZ xjhc&etnwj jh xjhch] ykpkjh vj jk lexz&fprjkae mdsj.k jh f[kerk lk:
varl uS ijl dj.k okGh vsdne [kjh m.k jS tho.k esa êSoS jS :a[kk* dkauh lwa fiNka.kh tkoSA
jktLFkkuh gSA jktLFkkuh yksd esa izpfyr fOg;k vR;kpkjk jkS mYys[k uha gS i.k jktLFkkuh jk fljS miU;kldkj %&
dsbZ vaxjsth] fganh] laLd`r] mnwZ vj vUukjke lqnkek oka vc[kk;k jkS fp=.k vkt jktLFkkuh lkfgR; txr esa
iatkch jk ljy lcn bZ ns[k.k uS feyS i.k dj.k jS lkxS&lkxS vc[kk;k lwa la?k"kZ dj.k vUukjke lqnkek-----
b.kka lwa dBSbZ ikBdka jS le>.k vj jh izsj.kka bZ nsoSA lkekftd psruk jkS Hkko ---ckdh ist 54 ekFkS
le>ko.k esa ck/kk uha vkoSA txkoSA lekt esa 'kks"k.k jS f[kykQ vkokt
rkdM+h vkxwap mrjknh dgk.kh
MkW- psru Lokeh
lalkj jS dFkktxr eka; dksbZ vsd dgk.kh jh lhaoka c/kh gSA

vSuka.k& fVdykfj;S :i jktLFkkuh fc;ka rkS lxGka gydka eka; jktLFkkuh
dgk.kh jkS i.k gSA fudsoGh fiNka.k lkxS dgk.kh jpht jS;h gS] i.k gydSokj fx.kr
vkijkS BkokS vlfrr gS] b.kjkSA djka rkS mrjknS jktLFkku b;kadS xaxkuxj]
jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jkS iSyM+kS :i gS& guqekux< [ksrj esa brjk dFkkdkj
o+krkaA fganh jkS lcn ijksVka rkS m.kuS jktLFkkuh eka; dgkf.k;ka fy[kS ft.kka jh
yksddFkk dS; ldkaA jktLFkkuh fx.kr vsd lq[kn vpaHkS eka; Ugk[kSA ys[ku
yksddFkkoka vk[kS lalkj eka; de ukaeh jS [ksrj eka; gksM ?k.kh dkae jh pht gqoSA
uha gSA tBS jkS yksd&lkfgR; ukaephu] mBS fot;nkau nsFkk VkWyLVk; lwa gksM djrk]
jh nwth lkfgfR;d fo/kkoka dnkar bZ u`flag jktiqjksfgr izsepan lwa] eqjyh/kj
detksj dS fucGh uha gq; ldSA O;kl 'kjrpanz lwaA b.kh Hkkar lwa dksbZ
jktLFkkuh jkS vk[kkS vk/kqfud lkfgR; johanzukFk Bkdqj lwa rkS dksbZ ps[ko lwaA gksM
vkijh twauh ijkijh esa dBSbZ QksjkS dS lwa Js"B ys[ku gqoSA mrjkn esa vk[kkS ys[k.k
MkW - ps r u Lokeh lk[k xeko.k okGkS uha gSA okS flej/k gS pkok&Bkok jpukdkjka jh pkoh jpuk jh
tye % 4 ekpZ] 1957 uS
vj jSoSykA lxGh fo/kkoka djrk gksM djSA
JhMwaxjx< esa
jktLFkkuh dgk.kh vkijh lk[k lokbZ b.k ckr uS gadkj.k eka; dksbZ fgpd uha
dj.k eka; vkxwap gSA nwth&nwth Hkkjrh; gqo.kh pkghtS dS mrjknS jktLFkkuh ys[ku
i<kbZ % ,e-,-¼fganh½] ih&,p-Mh-
Hkklkoka esa vuwfnr gq;uS jktLFkkuh lwa jktLFkkuh Hkklk vj lkfgR; nksuqoka uS
Nih iksF;ka % dgk.kh ljckGS ljkght jS;h gSA [kklk cG feY;kS gSA Hkklk flej/k gq;h gSA
jktLFkkuh esa ^loky* ¼dfork½] jktLFkkuh dgkf.k;ka uS ikBd ilan djSA mrjknS lhaokM+S jk chlwa dFkkdkjka eka; lwa dha
^vkax.kS fcpkGS Hkharka*] ^fdLrwjh b.k eka; gky m.kjkS vkrerr ^dFkkud* ukao rkS vSM+k gS] ft.kka jh vksG[k nsl eka;
fejx* ¼dgk.kh½] ^ba n j/ku[k* yksi uha gq;kS gSA gj dgk.kh vsd vcksV vGxh&vGxh Hkka; yx gq;h gSA eksgu
¼vkykspuk½] dfydFkk ok;k ckbikl
¼vydk ljkoxh jS fganh miU;kl jkS
dFkkud fy;ka gqo.k lwa ikBd jS eu uS vkyksd] jkedqekj vks>k] tudjkt
jktLFkkuh mYFkkS½ #pSA dgk.kh jh vk[kh eka;yh ljrka jh ikjhd] jkeLo:i fdlku] Hkjr vksGk]
fganh esa ^vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh iwjrh djS& jktLFkkuh dgk.khA vksG& jkes'oj xksnkjk] lR;ukjk;.k lksuh] izeksn
dgkuh vkSj yksdthou*] ^jktLFkkuh ipksGk vsClVªsfDVo iz;ksxka lwa gky dqekj 'kekZ] enu xksiky y<k] iwj.k 'kekZ
lkfgR; lk/kd fd”kksj dYiukdkar* jktLFkkuh dgk.kh xrjl uha gq;h gSA îwj.k*] fouksn Lokeh] esgjpan /kkew] eukst
lesr dsbZ iksF;kaA jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh l:okr esa b.kuS dqekj Lokeh jh dgkf.k;ka jktLFkkuh dFkk
laiknu % vdkneh jh if=dk Bkoh fiNka.k nso.kokGk dFkkdkj u`flag txr eka; Bkoh BkSM+ jk[kSA vS lS jktLFkkuh
^tkxrh tksr* vj ^dFkkjkt* if=dk jktiqjksfgr tksèkiqj&ekjokM+ [ksrj jk] jk Fkkfir dFkkdkj cktSA vka eka; lwa gjsd
lesr dsbZ if=dkoka jkS laiknuA ewGpan îzk.ksl*] eqjyh/kj O;kl] ukuwjke dFkkdkj jh dha&dha dgkf.k;ka blM+h gS]
laikfnr iksF;ka esa ^vk[kj* ¼dgk.kh½] laLdrkZ] Jhyky uFkey tks'kh vkn ft.kka jh pjpk jktLFkkuh vj jktLFkkuh
^jpko* ¼O;aX;½] ^futjk.kks* ¼dfork½ chdkusj jS FkGh vapy jk dFkkdkj] oBS bZ lwa ckjS bZ gq;h gSA
[kkl iksFkhA cStukFk iaokj] fd”kksj dYiukdkar uS i.k b.k vkys[k eka; mrjknk dFkkdkj Hkjr
iqjLdkj % lkfgR; vdknseh FkGh lwa ijckjk fd;ka ekukaA vk/kqfud vksGk] jkeLo:i fdlku] jkes'oj xksnkjk
iqjLdkj] egsanz tktksfn;k iqjLdkj] jktLFkkuh dgk.kh FkGh&ekjokM+ lwa l: vj lR;ukjk;.k lksuh jh dFkk grksVh ekFkS
lqxu Le`fr iqjLdkj] f”kopanz gq;h] ftdh fn[k.kkn esa okxM+ jS Hkk[kjk yx dha carG djlkaA vka P;k:a dFkkdkjka eka;
Hkjfr;k iq j Ldkj vkn ds b Z tk; iwxh vj mrjkn esa iatkc&gfj;k.kS jS Hkjr vksGk jh P;kj dFkk iksF;ka vckj yx
bukae&bdjkaeA lhaokM+S vM+xhA iatkch Hkklh rkS jktLFkkuh Nih gS tndS chtk rhuwa dFkkdjka jh
fBdk.kkS % dgk.kh uS brjh ilan djS dS jktLFkkuh nks;&nks; iksF;ka lkEgha vkbZ gSA vka lxGka
dkGw ckl] eka; Nirka&Nirka mrjkn jh jktLFkkuh ladyuka eka; 146 dqy dgkf.k;ka gSA brjh
JhMwaxjx< ¼chdkusj½ dgk.kh iatkch eka; vuqokn lepS pkoh gq; fx.kr dha de uha gqoSA jktLFkkuh dFkk
eks-& 94610 37562 tkoS] jktLFkkuh lwa cÙkk ikBd iatkch eka; txr uS vka P;k:a bZ Åjekokau dFkkdkjka
yk/kSA vka nks;&rhu nld eka; jktLFkkuh jh uSlfxZd ÅtkZ ekFkS ?k.kkS BkMkS ifr;kjkS

gSA vko.k okGS cxr eka; b.kka jk vkS:a dnS #okalk gqoka] dnS llokaA feu[k vj ftlh fprkjSA [kkl ckr rkS vk gS dS
dsbZ ladyu ikBdka jS gkFkka eka; gqoSyk] eku[kS jS eka;yk lueu uS itks[k.k jh mrjknh dgkf.k;ka mrjknS feu[k jh gkyh]
b.k HkjkslS uS bZ D;wa rksM+ka\ vka dFkkdkjka vk[kh vkQG mrjknh dgk.kh eka; pkyh] cksyh uS fcuk dha jGko jS] futkoV
jh dgk.kh tkrjk dksbZ ?k.kh twauh uha gSA lSap:M+ futj vkoSA vkS f[klc rkS fd.kh <ax lwa isl djSA vka dgkf.k;ka jk ik=]
yxSVxS nks; nld lwa oS b.k ghyS ykxsM+k dwarkjS jkS gqoS dS okS vka dgkf.k;ka jS jax] ?kVuk] nhBko lks&dha lkpkS gqoSA vS Qxr
gSA vka nlwa ladyuka eka; Hkjr vksGk jkS ile] iksr] ika.kh jh lkph&lkph dwar djSA latksx lwa lkpk ykxrk gqoS] vk dwM+h
iSykS dgk.kh&laxzS ^tho jh tkr* lu~ tksoS ftlh uS Hkk[kSA ckr gSA
1998 eka; NI;kS] jkeLo:i fdlku jkS mrjknh dgk.kh jh fd.kh vsd V.kdh csld] mrjknk dFkkdkj rkS vkijh
^gkMk[kksM+h* lu~ 2000 esa] jkes'oj xksnkjk folslrk jh ckr djka rkS b.k eka; laosx jk futh gwal eka; vsd ekFkS vsd dgk.kh jp
jkS êqduks es?kokG vj nwth dgkf.k;ka* ckgGk&lk cSaork futj vkoSA fc;ka i.k jS;k gSA i.k eqaMkxS vko.k okGkS vkS lxGkS
2005 esa vj lR;ukjk;.k lksuh jkS dgk.kh eka; cqf/krro rkS Qxr fy[kkjS lkfgR; vsd cxr jS lekt jk lkpk
?kelk.k lu~ 1995 esa eqaMkxS vk;kSA iSyM+k dUuS jS; tkoS vj fgM+nS jkS daoGkl lkaLÑfrd C;kSjk R;kj djSA tnS&dnS
ladyu HkykabZ nks;&P;kj cjl jS QsjQkj L;kgh c.k dkxnka mrj vkoSA vS dgkf.k;ka jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh foxlko tkrjk jkS
lwa vk;k] i.k vka jS ys[k.k jh l:okr eku[kS jh laosnuk jkS lkpkS bfr;kl gSA cxr lkis[k bfrgkl ekaMÓkS tkoSyk rkS
eka; dksbZ ?k.kh yksM+cM+kbZ uha gSA vka P;k:a dksbZ lekt'kkL=h vka dgkf.k;ka uS ckap usgpS bZ mrjknh dgk.kh uS U;kjS <ax lwa
bZ dFkkdkjka jkS lueu vsd bZ xkao lwa vsd U;kjS [ksrj jk ^lkekftd rF;* R;kj foosfpr dj.kh iM+SykA
jSo.k jS dkj.k L;kr ys[k.k eka; vsd&chtS dj ldSA dksbZ euks'kkL=h mrjknS feu[k dgkf.k;ka eka; vknlZ vj tFkkjFk jh
lwa vkxS fudG tko.k jh likslh gksM bZ jh vko.kokGh ih<h jS <ax&<kapS jkS Hkfo’; ckr dnS mBhA m.k iNS tknqbZ tFkkjFk bZ
jS;h gqoSyk\ vk tks[;wa rkS cjrhtkS] i.k mrjknh dgk.kh m.k
dq.k ysoS dS dq.k fd.k lwa lwa bZ vkxS fd.kh okn uS v.knhB
vkxS c/k jS;kS gS] i.k brjkS djrh vkxS c/k jS;h gSA mrjknh
t:j dS;kS tk; ldS dS dgk.kh jh vly fiNka.k m.kjkS
vckj vk[kS jktLFkkuh mrjkni.kkS bZ gSA ftanxka.kh jh gkj
dFkk dM+wacS eka; vS P;k:a jk fprjkeka eka; bZ vsd U;kjS
bZ dFkkdkj vkijkS iwtrkS lHkko jkS f[kyanM+i.kkS futj vkoSA
Fkkau Fkji jS;k gSA vBS vsd [kkst jh ckr vkS:a futj
jktLFkkuh jh mrjknh vkoS dS ik=ka jk fprjkae dksjrka
dgk.kh nks; Hkkar jk >kyk ys[kd fueZe gqo.k eka; ladkS
ns; jS;h gSA vsd lSu eka; uha djSA
rkS chtk gydka jk mrjknh dgk.kh jh fljS folslrk
dFkkdkj uS eqGd lkxS vk gS dS iBuh;rk m.k jh [kkl
uwarS& ^^Fks bZ fy[kkS\** vcS ljr gSA dFkkud jS phyka uS okS
b.k psySat uS dksbZ vaxstS tkcd bZ NksM.kkS eatwj uha djSA dksbZ
uha vaxstS] vk rkS vkxyS vGxS vkarjS jkS feu[k ts mrjknh
jh ejthA nwth lSu eka; dgkf.k;ka jkS ikBd gS] rkS okS
mrjknh dgk.kh mFkGkS uksgj&Hkknjk jS fcpkGyk vk[kk
ekaxS& ^^Y;kS rkS dSokS dha xkaoka jh vk[kh ckrka uS] oSokj uS
EgkajS isVS bZA** D;wa uha ekaxS vj Hkklk uS tk.k.k jkS nkokS dj
mFkGkS\ blM+kS dq.klkS ldSA b.kuS bZ rkS ys[kdh;
ys[kd gqoS] ft.kuS dwar jh izkekf.kdrk dS;kS tkoSA dgk.kh gqoS
mMhd uha gqoSA leh{kk] rkS dwM+h bZ gS] i.k ok lkp jS vykok
vkykspuk] lekykspuk lwa vkSj dha uha ykxS] vsd fy[kkjS jh
ys[k.k jkS fg;ko c/kS vj lkph deT;k vk bZ gqoSA
ys[kd jh xq.koÙkkA c[kka.k ldSA vS dgkf.k;ka fd.kh lekt
HkjkslS jh l:okr %&
foX;kauh jk :a&dkaVk [kM+k dj ldSA lxGh
mrjknh dgk.kh jS jpukRed foxlko jktLFkkuh dgk.kh lk: iwjh izfrc)rk
Hk;ko.kh fFkfr;ka jS ckotwn mrjknh
jh lgGh dwar gqo.kh vtsl ckdh gS] i.k lkxS mrj.kokGk Hkjr vksGk jS iSyM+S
dgk.kh vkijh eks; eka; tho.k jh iM+N
vk gqo.kh ?k.kh t:jh gSA mrjknh dgk.kh dgk.kh laxzS ^tho jh tkr* lwa bZ okajh
pky uS rVLFk <ax lwa eqaMkxS jk[kSA lekt
jkS vk[kkS vkapfGd lalkj U;kjS&U;kjS fiNka.k c.k.k ykxxhA ^tho jh tkr* jh
eka; ftdkS dha Hkkaxht jS;kS gS dS iNS uokS
dFkkudka jS ika.k vkika jS eqaMkxS gS] ft.kuS ?k.kdjh dgkf.k;ka iSyh jktLFkkuh
fljtht jS;kS gS m.k ekFkS fcpkjS
tks;] dnS vkika gj[kka] dnS vpaHkkS djka] if=dkoka eka; NiuS pkoh gq; pqdh ghA vS
dgk.khdkj jkS ol dBS jS;kS! okS rkS ns[kS
ukUgh&ukUgh dgkf.k;ka gS] ftdh fy[kkjS jh ^xkHkkpksj* dgk.kh bZ ladfyr gSA dgkf.k;ka jk ik= ?kM+ÓksM+k uha& thaork
vkS:a fy[k.k jh gwal uS vkxS c/kkoSA iSyM+S vBh&mBh b.k dgk.kh jh [kklk pjpk gq; tkxrk vj vklS&iklS jk] vkika jS
ladyu eka; dkph&ikdh lxGS Hkkar jh pqdhA dkae euksfoX;kau jh b.k dgk.kh eka;yk ykxSA
jpukoka gq;k djSA iSyhiksr ys[kd jkS gjsd eka; xkHkkpksjka jh iaxr&lh ÅHkh y[kkoSA lsDVj ua- 5 jh ?k.kdjh dgkf.k;ka tk.kS
jpuk lwa dha cslh eksg gqoSA vkijh dgk.kh jk vk[kk ik= ftdk xkHkkpksjh jh VkGÓksM+h dgkf.k;ka gSA gj Hkkar lwa Hkjr jS
jpukoka jh Lodwar dj.k jh cka.k dha ?kVuk jk pldk ysoS oS lS xkHkkpksj lwa ys[k.k jh fM?kkbZ ijxklSA ^dkpj jkS cht*
eksM+S vkoSA U;kjk uha gSA ft;kadyh dgk.kh Hkkjr&ikfdLrku jS
b.k ladyu jh iSyh bZ dgk.kh Hkklk lwa ^lsDVj ua- 5* Hkjr jkS nwtkS dgk.kh laaxzS QaVokM+ ekFkS jphtsM+h dha mEnk dgkf.k;ka
fØ;kRed nhBko jpSA b.k nhBko jh dha gSA lsDVj ua- 5 yx vkorka Hkjr jkS eka; lkey djh tk; ldSA Hkjr vka
vksGÓka vkxS ekaMkaA fcj[kk cjl.kh l: dgk.khdkj cÙkkS eSP;ksj gq; tkoSA Hkklk] dgkf.k;ka eka; Hkkar&Hkkar jk fol;ka uS
gqoS t.kk fd.kh ljrj fcgw.k djlS jS ?kj dF; vj jpko rhuwa [kkrj [kklk dsoV.k jh lQy psLVk djh gSA tho jh
jkS njlko fd.k Hkkar jkS gqoS Y;kS& ns[kkS\ lko/kkau y[kkoSA ^Vksu] eek vj Mksdjh* tkr jkS ^dksMk;kS* dFkkdkj ikap cjl jS
fcj[kk jh Vi&Vi lkxS ?kj/k.kh vkijh ft;kadyk iz;ksx bZ djSA ^nwjchu* varjky eka; lS Hkkar lwa lko/kkau ys[kd jS
/kf.k;k.kh uS dSoS& ^^Fkwa vkax.kS eka; rksokS ft;kadyh dgk.kh jpuS xkHkkpksj jS dkae :i eka; vorjSA b.k laxzS jh iSyh bZ
ewanks ekjA EgSa VksjM+h uS Hkhrj cka/kwa] ihfM+r feu[k jS O;fHkpkjh eu jh vkxyh dgk.kh ftdh laxzS jS ukaookGh gS] lekt jS
cBfG;ks flj ekFkS eSy*j okS VksjM+h uS iM+rkG djSA ^fcuk 'kh"kZd jh dgk.kh* uha rFkkdfFkr ,yhV&oxZ jh fgiksØslh uS ?k.kS
Hkhrj ckaèk.k pkY;ksA** vk dgk.kh Qxr b.k ladyu jh cYdS Hkjr jh lkarjS <ax lwa pkSM+S djSA ihlS jh nkSM+ vj
iSyh&iSyh djlS jS gj[k jk dksMhyk C;kSjk jP;ksM+h iPphl dgkf.k;ka eka; ikap fljS foykflrk jh pdkpwa/k eka; xE;ksM+k vS
nsoSA prj ikBd lkspS ljl x| lwa vk dgkf.k;ka eka; lwa vsd gSA êuw* jh yksx ekuoh; ljksdkjka lwa dkslka yx
iNS dgk.kh dn vGxk tk;
c.klh\ i.k NsdM+yh pqD;kA
rhu vksGÓka lwa vk ^naxkbZ* bZ b.k
ekjfed dgk.kh c.k laxzS jh [kkl
tkoSA vsd fl) dgkf.k;ka eka; lwa
dFkkdkj jh [kkfl;r vsd gSA naxS jS
bZ vk gqoS dS okS cxr ekuork jS
vkijh c[k.kh vykok nwtkS dha
lwa dgk.khi.kS uS yksgh>ka.k uha gqoSA
frlG.k uha nsoSA ^MksG* vj
b.k laxzS eka; ^dgk.kh jh ekSr*
fetekuh] lj.kkVkS] ft;ka d yh dha
cxr lwa iSyh] ckaFk lkekU; dgkf.k;ka
vkn lkekU; e k l w f e ; r vj lyek jkS gsr bZ b.k laxzS eka; gS
dgkf.k;ka gS] i.k ^Qjd* jS Fkk.kSnkj jh feu[khpkjS jS eqaMkxS vsd ?k.kkS eksVkS loky rkS bZ nl jS yxSVxS oS dgkf.k;ka b.k eka; gS
dG>G dksj.k eka; Hkjr vksGk [kklk ÅHkkS djS dS thHk jS Lokn [kkrj fujhg ftdh Hkjr uS vsd BkokS dgk.khdkj
lQy jS;k gSA in vj izfLFkfr feu[k uS ftukojka jh fgR;k D;wa\ vj m.k iNS b.k c.kkoSA b.k laxzS jS izdklu jh cxr ¶ySi
fd.k Hkkar vkijS yksxka lwa dkV nsoS] m.kjkS uktksxS dkae [kkrj /kje ftlM+h Åaph eSVj fy[krka EgSa fy[;kS gkS& ^^dgkf.k;ka
xSjkbZ lwa vk dgk.kh vSlkl djkoSA pht jh vkM D;wa\ eka; lxGk ik= ?kM+ÓksM+k gksoS] i.k tn oS
^dkG[k* euksoSX;kfud dgk.kh gS] b.k ladyu eka; dha vSM+h dgkf.k;ka gS laosnuk jkS lkapykS iSaMkS dj.k <wdS rkS vkS
jktLFkkuh eka; b.k euxr jh dgkf.k;ka lS ft.k eka; js[kkfprjkae jk xq.k i.k lgt Qjd dj.kkS vks[kkS gks; tkoS dS oS fdÙkk
lwa cÙkh Hkjr vksGk bZ jph gSA ukjh yk/kSA îki vj iqUu* dgk.kh jkS jkeslj rkS ?kM+ÓksM+k gS vj fdÙkk lkpk gS\
euksfoX;kau jh vSM+h bZ dha dgkf.k;ka ^Hkwr* vsd ;knxkj pfj= gSA HkS.k jk nl fjfi;k jktLFkkuh dgk.kh esa HkjkslS jk cht
laxzS eka; i.k gSA yqxkbZ vkijh ekFkS mrj fQjrh dj.k lk: chl dksl jkS iSaMkS vj rksi.kokGk Hkjr vksGk jh dgkf.k;ka lkp
vkoS t.kk ok dha bZ dj ldSA êkSlh* bZ Hkhar ekFkS ekaMÓksM+S vsd Lyksxu jh vksGh jh lk[k fuitkoSA** Hkjr vksGk /kj etyka
ukjh euksfoX;kau jh lqFkjh dgk.kh gS] i.k jh tkap lk: nl dksl jkS iSaMkS dj.k okGkS /kj dwpka vkxS c/krka b.k HkjkslS jh tM+ka uS
^C;ktfM+;ks* ft;kadyh vsdk/k dgk.kh jkeslj fprkj eka; vM+uS jS; tkoSA vkstwa tkMh bZ djh gSA
vSM+h Hkh gS ft.kuS vkika Hkjrh jh dgk.kh ^thorh tM+* jk Qwlkjke ft;kadyk rhtS ladyu jS :i ^Hkwr* laX;k uS
dS; ldkaA vHkkoka jh lk[;kr ewjr vj blM+k bZ dsbZ ys;uS fy[ksM+h nl dgkf.k;ka 2013 eka;
b.k laxzS eka; Hkjr vksGk jh dgk.khdkj nwtk pfj= vka dgkf.k;ka eka; xwaFkhtuS vkika jS eqaMkxS vkbZA fcpkGS jk ukS lky
:i dha U;kjh fiNka.k fn[kko.k okGh lko lkpk y[kkoSA Hkjr jh yxSVxS lxGh eka; fy[ksM+h Hkjr jh dgkf.k;ka jkS dkabZ

gq;kS] vk rkS Hkjr bZ tka.k ldSA fc;ka] gka ^phaFkhtrk lqiuk* jh fdLrwjh vj ykach [kklh fofprj fLFkfr;ka iSnk dj nhUghA
vsd ukUgkS miU;kl ^?kqGxkaB* t:j vk;kS dgk.kh ^xquS jkS Hkwr* jh xqykc vkijS mrjknS jktLFkku jh fdjlka.k tkrka eka;
vj uoh vkaV jkS miU;kl gqo.k jS dkj.k dkGtS jS gkFkka etcwj gSA vka jh nlk csVkS ys;uS csVh nso.kS jh jhr&lh pky
iwtrkS luekau bZ ik;kSA ckr djka] ^Hkwr* ns[kuS rkS Hkwr jkS bZ dkGtkS ilhtrkS iM+hA ft.k fdjlka.k jS [kkyh Nksjk gS vj
laxzS jhA dsanzh; fol; Hkwr uS eqaMkxS jk[kuS gqoSyk\ ts oS ?k.kk i<Ók&fy[;k dS fd.kh /ka/kS ckM+h
m.kjh lekt eka; O;kIr vo/kkj.kk uS Hkwr] izsr] 'kSrku] ftUu] pqM+Sy] Mkd.k] eka; dke;kc uha gS] rkS okajkS ij.kht.kkS
pkSM+S dj.k jS [kkl mís”; lwa vS dgkf.k;ka L;kjh] tj[k.kh ft;kadyk fdrjk bZ pSM+k [kklk vc[kkS gq;X;kSA vSM+k Nksjka jS ek;rka
eghuS&Mks< eghuS eka; jphthA ¼cdkSy va/kfoLoklh lekt jh èkjksM+ c.ksM+k gSA uS etcwju vkijS Vkcjka jk lk[k&laca/k
Hkjr½ vsd bZ fol; ekFkS U;kjS&U;kjS L;k.kk] lsoM+k] Hkksik] HkjM+ka jkS #txkj fd.kh nykyka jh enn ys;uS dj.kk iM+S
vsaxy lwa fy[ksM+h lxGh dgkf.k;ka mEnk b.kh euksfodkj uS ys;uS tqxka lwa tkjh gSA vj b.k dkae eka; fdrjk bZ yksxka uS /kks[kS
gqoS] vk t:jh uha gq; ldSA ^ckrka jh Hkwr ukao jS cSe vj ik[kaM uS le>.k lk: vj Bxh jkS bZ lhdkj gqo.kkS iM+SA b.k
QqyokM+h* eka; nsFkkth jh Hkwrka ekFkS fdrjh vS dgkf.k;ka ?k.kh dkae jh gSA fy[kkjka uS dgk.kh jk nks; Lrj vS gS dS yacjnkj
bZ dgkf.k;ka gS] i.k oS Hkwr gqoS dS uha gqoS jS blM+h lksís'; vkQG Hkh dj.kh pkghtSA ifjokj jS cyohj uS vsdS dkauh rkS vkijS
}a} eka; uha QluS yksd eka; ftdkS 2015 ykxrka&ykxrka Hkjr jkS pkSFkkS dM+wacS jh iqjk.kh yacjnkjh jkS vsadkj tho.k
foLokl Hkwr uS ys;uS gS] m.kuS dk;e dgk.kh&laxzS vki.kS gkFkolq gq;X;kSA b.k uha nsoS vj nwtS dkauh nks; Nksjka jk fBdk.kk
jk[kS] i.k Hkjr cSe jS Hkwr uS mrkj eka; rhu [kklk ykach vj nks; ukUgh dj.k jh eqLdyka m.kuS BkSM+&BkSM+ /kksch&
^rdZ'khy lkslkbVh* jS dkae uS vkxS dgkf.k;ka ladfyr gSA Hkjr dgkf.k;ka eka; iNkV nsoSA Nksjka jkS C;ko djuS cyohj uS
c/kkork y[kkoSA Hkkar&Hkkar jk iz;ksx djSA vsd bZ Hkkar jh nksoM+kS it.kkS iM+ÓkS& okS vkijS ?kj jh
tqxka&tqxka lwa Hkwr feu[k uS fd.k&fd.k dgkf.k;ka fy[k.kkS m.kuS vaxhdkj uha gS& tdh bTtr uS <dh&<weh jk[k.kh pkorkS
rjS lwa nq[kh uha djS] i.k lkpyS Hkwr lwa cSe vkS bZ dkj.k gS Hkjr jh dgkf.k;ka eka; ok cslh pkSM+S gq; tkoSA
jkS Hkwr ?k.kkS tksjkoj vj lcGkS gqoSA rktxh cjkScj c.kh jSoSA eksVh ckr m.kjS laxzS jh nksuwa NksVh dgkf.k;ka bZ [kklk
vsdj fd.kh jS eka; cM+Óka iNS fFkjpd dUuS vsd lwa vsd b/kdS dFkkudka jkS rksVkS vljnkjA êkSr jkS cnGkS* vsd vkanksyu
oklkS dj ysoSA vS lxGh dgkf.k;ka cSe jS uha gSA ft.k dFkkud jkS pquko djS m.kjkS lwa izsfjr dgk.kh gS] i.k vkanksyu jS nkSjku
Hkwr uS Hkkar&Hkkar jh vVdGka lwa fudkGSA fuHkko bZ iwjh [kspG vj [kkepkbZ lkxS fujhg ekuork csotg [kafMr gqoSA djS
b.k tqx jh fofprjrkbZ uS y[k&y[k djSA ^fdÙkh dgk.kh [kre* vsd blM+h dksbZ] HkjS dksbZA dgk.kh jkS var vsdS dkauh
cfygkjh gS] dksbZ Hkwr uS Hktko.k okLrS dFkk gS ftdh ikM+kslh eqyd jh ?k`f.kr dsbZ loky ÅHkk djS] oBS bZ laosnulhy
[klS rkS dksbZ Hkwr uS ijxVko.k okLrS fcjrh uS ijr&nj&ijr mtkxj djSA ikBd jh vka[;ka bZ xhyh djSA vk[kjh
vk[kkS tksj cjrSA ladyu jh iSyM+h vkradoknh laxBu] tho.k eka; vSu dgk.kh ^gFkkSM+ka ekFkS gFkkSM+k* vsd
dgk.kh eka; vuqjk/kk vkijS ÅHkkS djÓksM+S gkjÓksM+S vj Fkkdy feu[k jkS fldkj djS dykRed O;aX; dgk.kh gSA jktLFkkuh
Hkwr uS vki bZ lkp eku.k ykxSA vj v.ktka.k jk[kuS m.kjS gkFkka xqukS dgkf.k;ka eka; lkaoj nb;k vsd iwjS
Hkwr&vkink lwa xzLr ?k.kdjk yksxka lkxS djkoSA ekuoh;rk ftrjh vsd&vsd ladyu jh dgkf.k;ka jkS ik= Ldwy jS
b;ka bZ gqoS dS oS vkijS ÅHkkS djÓksM+S feu[k [kkrj t:jh gS] eqydka jS v/;kidka uS c.kk;kSA u`flag jktiqjksfgr bZ
HkksrkM+ lwa vki bZ Bxhtrk jSoSA jktuf;d lksp eka; m.kjkS xk;c gqo.kkS Ldwyka jh nlk ekFkS ^Hkkjr HkkX; fo/kkrk*
vk iksFkh Hkwrka lwa ihfM+r jksX;ka jkS vly eka; fdrjkS ?kkrd gqoSyk] b.k rFk ukao jh dgk.kh jphA fcTth jkS îqfV;kS
euksfo'ys"k.k isl djS vj fy[kkjkS b.kuS jh fiNka.k djkoS& vk ykach dgk.khA dkdkS* Hkh ekLVj gk vj Hkjr jk
fy[;kS i.k euksfpfdRld jS :i esa gSA Hkjr jh ykach dgkf.k;ka Åc iSnk uha csykjketh bZ dksbZ derh ekLVj uha gSA
vsd fy[kkjS jh fdrjh bZ Hkkar jh Hkwfedkoka djSA ^Bksdj* bZ ykach dgk.kh gS ftdh ekLVjka jh jM+d jkeslj xksnkjk bZ ^Hkfol
gq; ldS] m.k jh tkrjk vsd eu lwa chtS fd.kh jksekafVd miU;kl jkS vk.kan nsoSA jkS Hkxrfla?k* eka; de uha dk<h gSA
eu jh xSjh maMk;k eka; lSy dj.k jh gqoSA b.k dgk.kh lwa b;ka ykxS dS jksekafVd NsdM+ Hkjr jS dgk.khdkj lk: ?k.kh
vka dFkkoka eka; vsd&nks; dFkkoka blM+h miU;kl jp.kkS bZ Hkjr jS lk: nkSjkS uha gSA lkjh L;kcklh dS oS tFkkjFk lwa ijckjh
gS] ft.k eka; v.kNd ÅHkS gq;sM+S ladV jS lkxS&lkxS FkksM+kS jgL;e;h tklwlh dgk.kh fd.kh dkYifud dgk.kh uS vkijh dye
funkau lk: Hkwr uS ÅHkkS dj.kkS iM+S vj jkS Lokn i.k vkoSA ykach dgkf.k;ka eka; lS jkS LgkjkS uha nsoSA eqaMS cksyrh dFkkoka jk
m.k jk eu vksirk ifj.kke lkEgha vkoSA lwa cÙkh izHkkfor dj.k okGh dgk.kh eqagMS cksyrk fprjkae lgt bZ ikBdka lkxS
:ikGh chu.kh uS eupyk År Vhaxjka jh ^bTtr* gSA vk vsd dykRed dgk.kh gS] vi.kkikS Fkkfir djSA
[kksVh uhr lwa capko.k [kkrj ^HkwrvkGh fol; b.kjkS lelkef;d gSA dgk.kh nks; yksd dFk.kk jk lgt fprsjk %&
rtcht* jS t;iky uS vkijh <k.kh eka; Lrjka ekFkS vsd lkxS pkySA feu[k jh vkijS iSyM+S bZ dgk.kh&laxzS lwa yksd
Hkwr jkS HkksrkM+ ÅHkkS dj.kkS iM+SA b;ka bZ fcjrh gqoS dS okS vkijS HkwrdkG b;kadS laosnuk jS vsd ltksjS dFkkdkj jh [;kfr
^Hkwr jh dkjLrkuh* dgk.kh jkS egkjkt chrsM+S cxr uS ?k.kS lq[kn vSlkl lkxS feyh jkeLo:i fdlku uSA ^gkMk[kksM+h* jh
vkijS <kcS uS HkyhHkkar pyko.k [kkrj fprkjSA gjsd lekt eka; Nksfj;ka jh deh [kkl dgkf.k;ka xaobZ vcksV laosnuk jh
Hkwr tqxrh uS dkae eka; ysoSA rhth dgk.kh gq; jS;h gS] b.k lwa iSnk gq;sM+S vlarqyu dgkf.k;ka gS ftdh dgkf.k;ka uha ykx]
tho.k jk lkpk fprjkae ykxSA foLoklw dgkf.k;ka eka;A rkS bZ blM+h ifjfLFkfr;ka ^vkLokn* jkS vsd <clj Øe futj vkoSA
Hkklk eka; dFksM+kA dS.kxr bZ fujokGhA eka; fdlku jh vka[k dgk.kh lks/k ysoS vj ^nyky* okdbZ esa b.k ladyu jh] vkstwa
ikBd ^gkMk[kksM+h* jh lxGh chl ?k.kh BkSM+ vka[;ka uS vkyh dj.k jh f[kerk vkxS c/kuS dSoka rkS] fdlku jh vkt bZ
dgkf.k;ka dksM&dksM eka; [kqn ckaph vj bZ jk[kSA fljS dgk.kh gSA feu[k lr l:i gqoS] b.k
nwtka uS bZ capkbZA lkfgR; jkS lS lwa eksVkS jkeLo:i fdlku jh [kkfl;r vk dS oS okLrS vkdaB vijk/k eka; MwC;ka iNS bZ m.k
xq.k gqoS& laizs"k.kh;rkA fy[;kS gS ftdkS Hkklk lwa Hkkoka uS jpS] dgk.kh lk: oS eka; dBS u dBS feu[khpkjkS caP;kS jSoSA
iwjeiwjkS ikBd jS dkGtS <wd.kkSA ckr fd.kh vkaVSnkj jgL;e; dFkkud jh jpuk b.k dgk.kh jS [kre gq;ka iNS fopkjka jh
^dE;wfudsV* bZ uha gqoS t.kk D;ka jh ckr! uha djSA oS lvknr glu eaVks jS nkabZ ftdh vkyksp.kk&iGksp.kk l: gqoS]
jkeLo:i fdlku jh ^gkMk[kksM+h* eka; vkijh tsc lwa eqaxQfG;ka jh T;wa dFkkud dgk.kh jkS forka.k rkS m.k eka; eaMSA
vuqHkwfr;ka jk /kDdk&lk ykxrk futj uS dk<S vj ijksl nsoS& ikBd jS gkFkkaA oka nks;&jLrS ekFkS ÅHkuS ftdkS foosd jkS iklkS
vkoSA lxGh dgkf.k;ka fy[ksM+h uha ykxuS jh gjsd dgk.kh vsd bZ f'k¶V eka; lgt idM+yS okS bZ rkS feu[k gqoSA nyky prjkbZ
?kVÓksM+h ykxSA oj.ku f[kerk brjh izokg eka; fy[ksM+h futj vkoSA b.k okLrS lwa [kqn uS U;kjkS VkG ysoSA vBS ikBd
vn~Hkqr dS ikBd uS fxyfxyh&lh eSlwl bZ oS ukUgS dysoj jh dgkf.k;ka gqoSA ?k.kh rkGh ctko.k uS etcwj gq; tkoSA
gqoSA ys[k.k eka; brjh [kkepkbZ ¼n{krk½ f>xr okajS ikslkoS dksuhaA ^ckiw* dgk.kh ikBd jS fgoM+S gkgkdkj
rn bZ tkeS tn okS vkijS ifjos'k lwa fdlku] Hkklk jk dkjhxj gSA dgk.kh iSnk djnSA ^grklk* jkS izxVhdj.k brjkS
vsdkesd gq; tkoSA vaxzsth vkykspd xaobZ gS rkS iNS Hkklk eka; oS vkfHktkR; foLoklw dS ft.k oLrq uS capko.k jh feu[k
lsE;qvy Vsyj dkWyfjt jkS vkS dFku D;wa cjrS\ Hkklk bZ xaobZ gqoS] vcS m.k jh vkQG djS] lS mik;ka iNS bZ ok uha caprh
lgt bZ fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka ckaprka dFk.kk eka; pkyw lcnkoGh vkoS rkS vkoSA ykxS rkS grklk jkS vkxykS LVsi ikxyi.k bZ
ijr[k gq; tkoS dS gqoSA ^tkGlkth* fdjlka.k
^^fy[kkjS jS X;kau jkS dksbZ jS [kkrj dksbZ uoh laX;k
NsM+kS uha gqoS] dYiuk jkS uha gSA fdjlka.k rkS vk;S
/k.kh ys[kd rkS nwtkS fnu bZ BxhtSA Bxhtka iNS
fcje gqoSA** bZ fdjlka.k fugkyns xko.k
^gkMk[kksM+h* jh lxGh jkS ekíkS jk[kS] nwtS esa vk
dgkf.k;ka isVS ts vsd iaxr Åjek dBSA
eka; dksbZ ckr dS;htS rkS ok ^pquko* uS ys;uS b.k
vk dS vS lS vsd ywaBh la d yu eka ; rhu
dgk.kh jk fgLlk gSA dgkf.k;ka gSA rhuwa bZ b.k
vlokM+S&ilokM+S jkS tho.k ^pquko* ukao jS ^foukl* jkS
ys[kd jS eka; brjkS xSjkS brjkS lgt o.kZu djS dS
iSjhtsM+kS gS dS dFkkdkj dBS Hkkjr eka; yksdra= jS gkeh
lwa bZ fd.kh ?kV.kk uS mBk gjsd feu[k uS ljek
ysoS rkS ohauS lkpksV jS lkxS ej.kkS pkghtS dS blM+S HkwaMS
bZ ikj iVdSA yksdra= jh dkeuk dn
b.k laxzS jh ?k.kdjh djh ghA îkap oksVka jks
dgkf.k;ka vsd dpksV jS /k.kh* eka; ?kj jkS eS<h
lkxS iwjh gqoS] ok dpksV vkijh T;kau ns;uS ykjkS
?k.kh rkG rkabZ ikBd jS NqMkoS] ^jax* jkS Vkcj
eka; VhlckS djSA xkao jk pquko jkS fldkj gqoS vj
lxGk mG>ko] lStrkoka] ^cwcM+h* jkS ljiap cjcknh
izse&f?kj.kk] vi.kkikS&nwjh jS NsdM+yS ukdS rkabZ iwx
ft;kadyk vkikSijh jk tkoSA jktuhfr foX;kau
fojks/kh Hkko vBS xGckaFk vj lekt&'kkL= nksuqoka
?kkY;ka ÅHkk gSA xkaoka esa vcS vknlZ vsdykS oS ds djS] yksd ft.kuS cjrS ok bZ yksd uS vS dgkf.k;ka dha uok rF; cxlkoSA
bZ xkSjoSa ÅHkkS fjM+dSA xkaoka eka; gq; jS;kS lcnkoGhA vka jh dgkf.k;ka eka; lcn erS ^?kjG ejG* eka; mrjknh dgkf.k;ka jkS
cnGko MjkoS rkS MjkoSA ejtknkoka jS ÅNjS] ys[kd uS ykjS xsfM;kS ys;uS Vksj.k fiz; ik= ^xks:* v.kgwar eka; vkijh
VwV.k jkS vjM+kV fpedkoS rkS fpedkoSA jh nj bZ njdkj uha iM+SA ?k.kh ftX;ka rkS fe.kr jkS vkNkS eksy yso.k uS R;kj bZ uha
vknlZ iNkM+ [kkorkS vj NkdVki.kkS dgk.kh jh iaxR;ka fy[kkjS jh c[k.kh lwa ckjS gqoS cfYd yhyM+h xkoSA etcwjh jkS Qk;nkS
vljkG VksfM;S jh T;wa rkifM+;k HkjrkS gqorh futj vkoSA mBkoSA m.kjS eu eka; gGdh&lh O;Fkk
futj vkoS& jkeLo:i fdlku jh vcS dha ckr dgkf.k;ka jS ^daVsV* ckcrA tkxS] ft.k uS ^?kjG ejG* jkS ukao nhjhtkS
chl dgkf.k;ka jS b.k ladyu eka;
gS] i.k vkS vk/kkS lkp gSA 'kks"kd oxZ jS ^rh[kh /kkj* fdlku jkS nwtkS dgk.kh&laxzS ?kjokGka jh bZ dha&u&dha Hkwfedk rkS jSoS
fpÙk eka; fd.kh Hkkar jh ^?kjG ejG* uha gSA b.k eka; mx.khl dgkf.k;ka gSA [kkl bZ gSA
epSA ?kjG ejG jh laosnuk gq;ka lwa rkS vkS Hkkar jkS BsB tu f'kYi jp.kS jh grksVh ^gkbZ fcykbZ* jkS eaxGkS Qxr vsd
lalkj ^lerk* jS lqjaxS jax eka; jax fdlku jS dFkkdkj dUuS gSA iSyh bZ dgk.kh dkexj uha gS] okS dje uS iwtk eku.k
tkorkSA ^rh[kh /kkj* fdlku jh ys[kdh; okGkS blM+kS l[kl gS ftdkS 'kks’k.k jh
NksVk&NksVk lkSo.kk fprjkae ekaM.k eka; î[k/kjrk* uS mtkxj dj nsoSA xjhch jh laX;k lwa tk.kuS bZ v.ktka.k jSoSA ^tq)*
jkeLo:i fdlku jh dkjhxjh FkqFkdkjkS êYyk tksjh* vj rFkkdfFkr bTtr uS b.k laxzS jh dykRed dgk.kh gS ft.k eka;
Ugk[kS tSM+h gSA ^gkMk[kksM+h* blM+kS bZ vsd capko.k jh ftí ih<S jk ikxk ckG pk; ukjh euksfoX;kau jh dbZ dks.kka lwa iM+rkG
fprjkae gS ft.kuS cSaorS tho.k eka; lwa mdkG nsoSA FkksM+h vfr'k;ksfDr ykxrk djhth gSA vk vsd ekjfed vj jkspd
mBk fy;kS x;kSA blM+h ?kVukoka uS dgk.kh Fkdk bZ raxh jkS :id lkarjkS jphtkS gSA dgk.kh gSA b.kjkS dFkkud bZ vsd uoh
jh fol;&oLrq c.kko.k [kkrj dgk.khdkj lkfgR; vdknseh jS ^jkbVj bu jsthMsalh* HkkoHkkse fy;ka gSA fdlku vkijS ik= jh
dBS [klS\ ;kstuk jS rgr NI;ksM+S b.k laxzS jh ?k.kdjh gj euxr uS fprkj.k eka; ?k.kk n{k gSA
^xk dBS cka/kwa* ckj&ckj ckapht.k okGh dgkf.k;ka dkGtS uS ijl dj.kokGh gS] vk okajS dFkkdkj jh ltksjh [kkfl;r gSA
dgk.kh gS ftdh ikBd uS xqnxqnkoS& fouksn oBS dha FkksM+h U;kow dgkf.k;ka bZ HksGh ^ch;kcku* eka; dFkkud rkS dha dksuha]
iSnk djS] i.k lSdM+h cjlka lwa /kje /kq.khj djhth gSA fdlku NsdM+ tkorka dFkkud i.k ikBd jh laosnuk jS vk /k/kw.kh&lh
Hkkjro"kZ eka; xksj{kk] xkslao/kZu vj uS dgk.kh jh vly laosnuk nsoS] i.k yxk nsoSA b.k dgk.kh uS ckaprk Vkel xzs
xksiky.k ft;kadyS eqíS ekFkS lSaBkS O;aX; isl lnkabZ ok lèk tkoS vk t:jh dksuhaA ^jksVh jh vsyhth] fujkyk jh ljkst Le`fr jh
djS vj ^xks* isVS fdrjk bZ loky lqokn Hkksr gh*] ^bykt*] ^ck ckr*] ^lwuh fprkj gq; vkoSA vk dgk.kh vkijh
ÅHkk djSA lS lwa eksVkS loky rkS dS;ht.k okGh phtka] feu[kka jh
vkS dS xk; dBS ca/k.kh pkghtSA vksGwa jkS thorkS nLrkost eqaMkxS
vkika jS lekt eka; /kkjfed jk[kSA jkx vj vuqjkx jk fdrjk bZ
tkrjkoka dj.k jh fNUu p<ÓksM+h E;kuk m?kkM+S vj laosnulhy ikBd
jSoS& nq[k ik;uS yksx tkrjkoka jh jS varl uS Hkhtks; tkoSA vk dgk.kh
ns[kkns[kh djS vj m.kjS lkbM ^?kj* ukao jh laX;k jk lkpk vjFkko
bQsDV :i jkefd'ku uS vkijkS lkEgha jk[kSA
eksHkh csVkS cuokfj;kS xeko.kkS ^HkphM+* b.k eaxrS lalkj eka;
iM+SA iksaxk iafMrka jh BxkbZ uS ^vcksV* feu[k jh dgk.kh gSA dksbZ
mtkxj djS ^vkljkS* dgk.kh vj ts b.k lalkj jS yksHk&ykyp jS
^tarj earj* jS HkkuS Bx.kokGS ckgGS eka; uha cSo.kkS pkoS]
eksMka jh iksy [kksyS ^dkx iM+S&dqÙkk Hkkar&Hkkar jS dknS eka; uha dGht.kkS
HkwalS* dgk.khA nksuwa bZ dgkf.k;ka lkG*] ^tkiks* vj ^jketh* d g k f . k ; k a pkoS rkS ekMS m.kuS jkSan.k jh f[kerk
lkekftd fonzwirkoka uS pkSM+S djS vj fdlkuth jh laosnuk jh dgkf.k;ka uha fd.k eka; gS\ dgk.kh jS lcGS ik= yhyk jS
psrko.k jkS dkae djSA ûkexfj;ks* i.k ykxSA vsd ykach yhxVh [ksaP;ka iNS m.k lkpS xqest uS ikBdh; lykeA
b.kh HkkoHkkse jh dgk.kh gSA yhdVh jkS vkadl fy[kkjS uS eku.kkS bZ iM+S] ^lkbZ* b.k ladyu jh vsd lcGh
b.k laxzS eka; dha dPph dgkf.k;ka bZ gSA ikBd uS #avklkS gqo.k jh njdkj b.k dgk.kh gSA irjke jS tho.k eka; vsoM+ lwa
gq;k bZ djSA gjsd laxzS eka; lxGh bZ okLrS uha gS dS b.kh laxzS eka; ^dks< esa U;kjh dksbZ nqfu;k uha gS& D;wadS ckjyh dksbZ
dgkf.k;ka mEnk gqoS vk t:jh dksuha vj [kkt*] ^nhiyk.kS jks nkrkj* ^gkbZ fcykbZ*] nqfu;k eka; m.kjkS vj m.kjS ifjokj jkS
iNS vkLokn jk U;kjk&U;kjk xsyk gqoSA ^tq)*] ^ch;kcku*] ^HkphM+* vj ^lkbZ* dksbZ vlfrr gS rkS Qxr vsoM+ jS ika.kA
fdlkuth dnS&dnS ys[kdh; izfØ;koka uS ft;kadyh lStksjh dgkf.k;ka bZ ekStwn gSA ?kj eka; lxGk Fkksd vsoM+ jS ika.k ckijSA
ys;uS dha dgkf.k;ka fy[kS] ft.k lwa okajh ^dks< eka; [kkt* ttekuh izFkk lwa csVkS euhjke vkijh ?kjf/kjk.kh jS lh[kk;S
vSadkjh dFkkdkjh; euxr pkSM+S vkoS dS tho.kokGh tkr jS vsd feu[k jkS fp=.k vsoM+ csp.k jh rsoM+ ysoSA irjke
Y;kS EgSa crkowa dS dgk.kh fd;ka fy[khtSA gSA m.kjS dLVka jkS dha ikj uha gSA m.kjS HkyhHkkar tk.kS dS vsoM+ csp.k jkS vjFk
okajh fy[ksM+h ^ykaBh dgk.kh* ^cks* nksoM+k R;wagkj jh Qly ikdh gS] i.k mtM+.kkSA dgk.kh jh NsdM+yh vksGÓka gS&
ft;kadyk iz;ksx vk lkfcr djS dS vkijh meax] ewj[krk] fNUu eka; lxGh ^^fnuqxS mBÓkS rkS m.k jk frjk.k QkVX;kA
fdlkuth uS b;ka er tk.kT;kS dS okauS dekbZ fN.k&Hkj eka; yqVk nsoSA eu jkS ehr okS ekaph ij cSBÓkS rkS gqX;kS i.k [kM+ÓkS uha
vkykspuk fy[k.kh uha vkoSA feu[k t:jrka vj nfjnzrk jkS vkadl bZ gq; lD;kSA m.kjk xksMk VwVX;kA lr
vsd ywaBS dgk.khdkj uS vkijh y; uha ekuS] vk dksbZ t:jh dksuhaA ^nhiyk.kS jkS fudGX;kSA m.k ns[;kS dS m.k jkS csVkS
xeko.kh pkghtSA vsd ftanxka.kh eka; vsd nkrkj* ?k.kh eksVh lh[k nsoS dS tho.k euhjke nks; ckSikfj;ka lwa vk[kS vsoM+ jh
lcGkS dgk.khdkj ckt.k jkS tl dksbZ eka; dqVSo vsdyS feu[k jh ns.k uha gS] lkbZ idM+Óka [kM+ÓkS gSA** vsoM+ ikjaifjd
derh uha gqoSA m.kuS O;luka jS ekjx /kdsy.k eka; thou 'kSyh jh izrhdkRed dgk.kh gSA

miHkksDrk laLÑfr jS geyS lwa xzkeh.k vkokS] jkes'oj jh dgkf.k;ka isVS dha feu[k jh dksbZ fxukj uha djSA ika.kh fuoM+
laLÑfr [kaM&[kaM gq; jS;h gSA vka lxGh flyflySokj ckr djkaA jS;kS gS& b.k rFk uS lxGk tka.kS] i.k
dgkf.k;ka eka; Hkksr&dha VwV.kS&Hkkax.kS jkS ft;ka pkSchlwa vorkjka jkS vsdy ukao cpko.k jS dkae eka; ykx.k okGS feu[k uS
njn pldk ekjrkS futj vkoSA Hkxoku gS] fc;ka bZ jkes'oj jh ?k.kdjh ikxy ekuSA jkes'oj jS dFkkdkj jS lef"V
vka dgkf.k;ka jS f'kYi isVS rkS bÙkh bZ dgkf.k;ka jS fljS ik= jkS ukao xks: gSA Hkko uS ijxV djS vS dgkf.k;kaA
fVIi.kh djh tk; ldS dS vS ?kM+ÓksM+h uha U;kjh&U;kjh dgkf.k;ka gqork Fkdk xks: jkeslj jh lxGh dgkf.k;ka ckaP;ka dsbZ
ykxuS dek;ksM+h Hkklk lwa erS fljT;ksM+h LFkkbZ Hkko jh T;wa vkijh vsdy fiNka.k jkspd rFk lkEgha vkoS] ft;ka jkes'oj jk
ykxSA Hkklk eka; ftdkS f[kyanM+i.kkS gS okS jk[kSA ?kVukoka cnGS] xks: lkx.k jSoSA b.k dwM+ ijksVf.k;k ik= ?k.kk thoar gqoSA
erS ÅdY;ksM+kS gS] b.k dkj.k bZ vS ikBd ladyu jh iSyM+h dgk.kh lwa bZ vki.kk HksaVk ûsxsfVo vizksp* jS ik=ka isVS ys[kdh;
jS cÙkh uSM+h gSA mrjknh Hkklk jh O;atuk xks: lwa gqoSA iSyh dgk.kh jkS ukao gS lgkuqHkwfr vpaHkS eka; Ugk[kS] i.k lewph
lxrh iaxr&iaxr eqaMS cksyrh futj vkoSA ^nqgkx.k Hkkse*A uoh tho.k&i)fr dgk.kh ckaP;ka [kqn ikBd bZ oka bZ ik=ka jkS
NsdM+ esa fdlkuth lk: vsd [kkl vi.kkork vkika vki.kS tk>S ÅtkM+ dkauh HkhM+w c.kSA ^cki* dgk.kh jkS jketl eqjnh
fgnk;r] dS okauS fx.kr c/kko.k lk: /;kau d.kk djÓkS vj d.kk dj jS;k gka\ Bxh djuS vkijkS /kkdkS f/kdkoSA ?kksj ekM+h
cksgGh dgkf.k;ka jp.k jh dha [kkl t:r ns[krka&ns[krka vki.kkS /kkau] vki.kkS ifjfLFkfr;ka jS ckotwn okS gkj ekau
uha y[kkoSA dksbZ dUuS FkksM+h&lh ltksjh dkrhljkS] vki.kh tM+h&cwaVÓka] vki.kk vki?kkr uha djSA b;ka bZ êqdukS es?kokG*
dgkf.k;ka gqoS rkS vk[kh Åej oS vkijS tho&ftukoj vj vki.kkS vi.ksl Bkg uha dgk.kh jkS xks: bZ prjkbZ jS ika.k ifjfLFkfr
fy[kkjS jkS tl fuea/kkS uha iM+.k nsoSA dBS fcyk;X;kS\ cnGko jS nkarka eka; ftdkS lwa yksgkS ysoSA ukxkS gq;uS ukxki.kkS cpko.k
dkŒtS jS dŒ>Œ jh dgkf.k;ka %& dha HksysjkS gkS& okS lewGkS dqrj&dqrj gq; jh ftí vka dgkf.k;ka eka; ijr[k futj
mrjkn jS dFkkdkjka eka; jkes'oj jS;kS gSA ftdkS oka vka Åij fx.kk;ksM+h ckrka vkoSA ^xks:* ik= jh vsd vkSj dgk.kh
xksnkjk ÅtkZoku dFkkdkj jS :i vkijh jh fQdj djS] m.kuS vki.kS lkxSokGk bZ ^x/kkS* cMh jkspd dgk.kh gS] ftdh oxZ
fiNka.k c.kkbZ gSA iSyM+kS la?k"kZ uS oxZ gksM jkS ckukS
ladyu Ni.k lwa iSyh bZ okajh iSjk; vkijS vlfrr jkS BìkS
dha dgkf.k;ka i=&if=dkoka jksiSA xks: x/kka ekFkS vk[kS
eka; NiuS pkoh gq;xh ghA fnu ekVh <ksoS] jkeyhyk eka;
jkes'oj jkS iSyM+kS dgk.kh chtk nkunkrkoka lwa LokHkkfod
ladyu ûoksn; ;kstuk* jS gksM l: gq; tkoS] ftdh vsd
rgr lkfgR; vdknseh gkL;kLin fLFkfr ÅHkh dj
NkI;kSA b.k eka; okajS ys[ku nsoSA gksM eka; iM+ÓksM+kS feu[k
jh l:okrh lxGh dgkf.k;ka cjckn gq; ldS i.k vkijkS
HksGh djÓksM+h gSA ft.k ckn uha NksM ldSA b.kh ewG
dgkf.k;ka lwa jkes'oj uS fol; ekFkS ekypan frokM+h jh
izflf) feyh] oS lxGh b.k ^/kM+an* vj jkeLo:i fdlku
ladyu êqdukS es?kokG vj jh ^dks< esa [kkt* dgk.kh i.k
nwth dgkf.k;ka* eka; ladfyr gSA x/kkS dgk.kh eka; lkoG
gSA ikBd vka dgkf.k;ka uS fuxS djÓka irkS ykxS dS ^x/kkS*
vsd bZ cSBd eka; ckapuS dq.k&dq.k gSA /kje jS ukao
vkSlka.k yso.kkS pkoSA ekFkS ik[kaM dj.kokGk ^x/kk*
jkes'oj jh yxSVxS lxGh uha gS rkS vkSj dkabZ gS\
dgkf.k;ka oSX;kfud vj mrjkn jS vk[kk dFkkdkjka
HkkSfrd izxfr vj ekMS eka; U;kjh& U;kjh [kkfl;rka
Y;k;sM+S fodkl uS HkkaMrh& gS] i.k lko ukUgkS dkr.k jh
fèkDdkjrh y[kkoSA [ksr] fojrh jkes'oj xksnkjk jS
fdlku vj fcjr jh b.k dFkkdkj dUuS gS fcÙkh nwtka jS
lwxyS foxlko] tM+ka m[ksy eka; de gSA jkes'oj ft.k
Ugk[khA lS fdlc dj.kokGka dF; uS mBkoS m.k jk dksbZ bZ
jS dkGtS vsd Vhl lwai i[k O;aftr dj.k lwa NksMS
nhUghA vka dgkf.k;ka jS dFkkud jkS vk[kkS fpYyS ÅrjsM+h vDdy jkS ekuSA dksuhaA mMhd ^cfy* jS ik[kaM ekFkS fy[ksM+h
n'kZu vka dgkf.k;ka jh vksGÓka lwa foMacuk] b.kuS bZ dSoSA b.kh foMacuk jkS vsd cstksM+ dgk.kh gS ftdh yxkSrkj
N.k&N.kuS ckjS vkoSA nsl jh th-Mh-ih- fldkj êNyh* dgk.kh jkS ik= gSA îka.kh* ikBd jS eu eka; lwx iSnk djrh jSoS& vk
jh vS lkph dgkf.k;ka /kfTt;ka mMkoSA jh vlyh fpark dj.kokGS b.k lkpS bZ ys[kdh; prjkbZ gqoSA tho&ftukojka jh

cfy thHk jS Lokn lk: nhjhtS] i.k nsork gkly dj.k jh fojrhokGk yksx lêk twR;ka dksbZ rpdk ys;X;kSA dgk.kh rkS
jh bNÓk&v.kbNÓk lwa tksM+uS b.kjS oS/k yxkoS] vk[kj yxkoS] ?kfM+;S ekFkS ihlk bÙkh&lh gS] i.k m.kjS jpko eka; Hkksr
vj U;ko lEer c.kko.k jkS [ksy ?k.kkS yxkoS] ykWVjh yxkoS] fpëh [ksykS djSA vS lkjk >h.kk&>h.kk C;kSjk gSA twR;ka
jkspd gqoS] b.k [ksy jS ltho okrkoj.k jkS lS fojfr;ka ok;oh <ax lwa /ku gkly dj.k nso.kokGS ^HkkxS* jh lksl.k fojrh jkS
fp=.k ?k.kS ltho <ax lwa jkes'oj jh gSA i.k] pk;ka lwa /ku dn feyS] b.k mYys[k gSA
djÓkS gSA ckr uS tk.krk Fkdk etnwj ojx jk yksx ^<kbZ vk[kj* ft;kadyh vsd vViVh
jkes'oj xkaoka jh /kM+d.k fiNka.kS] i.k vkijS [kwu&ilhuS lwa dek;ksM+kS ihlkS izsedFkk i.k b.k laxzS eka; gSA b.k dgk.kh
ys[kd jh dsbZ rwerka gqoS& Qxr xzkeh.k vk[kj yxko.k vj vk[kj crko.k okGk uS ckaP;ka vkS rFk iq[rk gqoS dS izse jh dksbZ
laosnuk jkS dFkkdkj gqo.k jS BIiS lwa cap.k eksMk& QxMka ekFkS [kjp dj nsoSA oS dwM+ Åej] tkr vj volj uha gqoSA b.kjkS
[kkrj m.kuS ^xqa/kGdh* ft;kadyh dgk.kh jh iks[kuk djS vj dwM+ uS lkp ekau cjrSA tye vc[kh osGk] vc[kh BkSM+ dBSbZ gq;
ekaM.kh iM+S] i.k m.k jk vly ikBd blM+k vkdklh fojrh jS yksxka jS vk[kS ldS] i.k b.k ^/ku* jh #[kkG vj
L;kr m.kuS v/kfcpkGS bZ NksMnh gqoSyk\ vkpj.k vj dje oSokj uS ?k.kh ckjhdh [ksrjikG dj.kh lkSjh dBS! eaxrk cLrh
b.k laxzS eka; cky euksfoX;kau jh nks; lwa vk dgk.kh mtkxj djSA eka; vsd dks<.k vj m.kuS jsM+wyS eka;
mEnk dgkf.k;ka gSA vsd ^nhokGh* vj nwth jkes'oj jkS nwtkS dgk.kh&laaxzS ôhjS rwa <kso.k okGS v/k[kM+ iksLrh jh vk dgk.kh
^jktchj jkS rksrkS*A nksuqoka eka; bZ ghj&jka>k dS <ksyk&ek: ftrjh bZ
ckGdka jh iVk[kk vj rksrkS gkly iohr vj egrkÅ gSA
dj.k jh tdh [kspG gqoS] m.kjkS êqxfrnkrk* dgk.kh jkS var fd.kh
fp=.k brjkS foLoklw gS dS ys[kd dBksj lwa dBksj feu[k jS eka;
tk.kS vka nksuwa Vkcjka jS eka; cM+X;kS lhdaikS iSnk dj ldSA ckWMZj jh
gqoSA ?kj jkS ?kkVkS Vkcjka jh lgt fjNÓk dj.kokGS QkSft;ka jS
ekax iwjh uha dj.k ikoS] vk Vhl fØ;kdGki eka; nsl&fjNÓk jS
ikBd jS eka; b;ka tkxS dS ts vS lkxS&lkxS fdrjh fo[kerkoka ?kfVr
Vkcj lkeuS gqoS rkS vkika djnÓka gqorh jSoS& ftdh okajS eu&izk.kka uS
vka jh eulk iwjhA NsdM+ tkorka nqLe.k uS cs/kS T;wa okauS [kqn uS bZ
nksuwa bZ dgkf.k;ka ckG dgkf.k;ka lwa cs/krh jSoSA vkS i.k vsd vcksV
etcwj cki jh dgkf.k;ka c.k tkoSA fol; gS] ft.k jh vk[kh iM+rka
^gkM gjkeh jkS jkstukepkS* [kksyrh vsd lkaoBh dgk.kh jkes'oj
ekLVjh jS islS ekFkS fy[ksM+h vsd detksj ykgkSj os[k.k vkbZ* 2011 eka; yksxka jS jph gSA ft;ka dS vsd laxzS jh lxGh
dgk.kh gSA VÓw'ku[kksjh& ekLVjka eka; gkFkS vk;kSA Hkkjr&ikfdLrku jS QaVokM+ uS dgkf.k;ka lksGgokSa lksukS gqoS] vk fd;ka
c/krkS jktjksx gSA xq# vkijS /ka/kS jh ys;uS fganh] iatkch] mnwZ vj dha nwth gq; ldSA ftdh dkph dgkf.k;ka
bZekunkjh lwa fnuwafnu gsVkS mrjrkS tkoS Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka eka; ?k.kh dgkf.k;ka fy[khtxh] okajkS ds vpkj ?kylh\ vk ckr
vj vkS vcS dksbZ dgk.kh jkS fol; uha jphthA lvknr glu eaVks] ve`rk izhre] dksbZ vsd ?kj] vsd nsl jh ckr uha gS]
jS;kSA b.k jh ctk; rkS Ldwyh okrkoj.k uS Hkh"e lkguh] bLer pqxrkbZ] Ñ".k panj] ps[ko vj izsepan jS ladyuka eka; bZ blM+h
VkjxsV dj fy[ksM+h ^Hkfol jkS Hkxrflag* eksgu jkds'k] ;'kiky tSM+k dFkkdkjka b.k dgkf.k;ka NkaVht ldSA ^fNidyh* vj
?k.kh ltksjh dgk.kh gS ftdh Hkkjrh; QaVokM+ jS njn uS Hkkar&Hkkar jS dks.kka lwa ^dqtkr dwdM+kS* vj ^tqGkoG* blM+h bZ
^,T;wds'ku* jS ^QSfy;ksj* uS cMS lkpS <ax ns[k.kS jh psLVk djh gS] i.k jktLFkkuh dgkf.k;ka gSA
lwa bafxr djSA b.k flLVe jh jh< ekLVj eka; b.k njn uS ijxkl.k okGh dgk.kh ^NsdM+yh ydM+h* djlS jh lnhuh O;Fkk
ukao jkS izk.kh gS ftdkS dÙkbZ vkijS vsdk/k bZ gS] jkes'oj jh ôhjS rwa ykgkSj gS] b.kuS Qksj&Qksj pkoS fdrjh bZ
drZO;cks/k uS fcljk;ka foljkae dj jS;kS gS os[k.k vkbZ* b.k fol; ekFkS vsd thoar dgkf.k;ka fy[kkS& m.kjkS ÅijykS iklkS uha
vj Hkfol jk Hkxrfla?k vkijS erS ikaxj.k dgk.kh gS ftdh cxr jS nh;ksM+S na'k jk jketh vko.k nsoS] uha jkt bZA fdjlS jk
okGS vkd&/krwjka T;wa c/k jS;k gSA [k:aV m[ksySA lhjh rkS dksbZ Hkjr vksGk] jkeLo:i vj
v/;kid jS eka;yh deh ihf<;ka jkS [kS b.k laxzS eka; dsbZ blM+k vcksV fol; jkes'oj ft;kadyk fy[kkjk bZ gq; ldSA
ukl dj nsoSA vè;kid bZ Økafr jkS dgk.kh :i yhjhtk gS] T;ka ekFkS cMS jkes'oj jh nl lwa cslh dgkf.k;ka blM+h
vkxhoka.k gqoS vj v/;kid bZ Mwcksof.k;kS l/kko lwa jkes'oj dgk.kh ekaMh gSA gS ftdh eksM+S rkabZ fprkj eka; p<h jS;
gqoSA ^jkenqgkbZ* blM+h bZ vsd dgk.kh gSA gS rkS ldS vj jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh foxlko&
HkkSfrd pkoukoka c/k.k lwa feu[k jh vk vsd pfj=kRed dgk.kh] i.k vsd tkrjk eka; okajkS BkokS eqdkae gSA jkes'oj
mRiknd dG>G c/k tkoSA ftdkS /ku pfj= jS vykok bZ b.k eka; Hkksr dha gS iwjS dfeVesaV lkxS vj fol;ka jS oSfo/;
dek jS;kS gS] m.k lwa ikj iM+rka uha ns[kuS ftdkS cjkScj ikBd uS jlkIykfor djrkS lkxS dgk.kh jpSA dgk.kh uS ft.k Hkkar jS
dksbZ chtS <ax lwa ihlkS deko.k jh jSoSA dhfM+;kS twR;ka ekaxuS tkau p<ÓkS] i.k mipkj jh t:r iM+S oSM+kS VªhVesaV bZ m.kjS
vVdGka cslh gq; tkoSA lSar&eSar esa /ku nqjHkkx ykjkS uha NksMS] ckjkr esa lwR;S jh dUuS gSA [ksrj fols[k jkS izfrfufèkRo

djrk Fkdk jkes'oj jS fotu eka; ^dhfM+;kS* vkaèkkS feu[k gS] rkS bZ cstka gS ftdh lh/kkS&lkS lanslkS nsoS dS jkf'kQG
O;kidrk gS vj m.kjS dFkkdkj jh fQjksG [kksjlkS djuS ?kj pyko.k okGh yqxkbZ jS lwa cslh dwM+h dksbZ pht v[kckj eka; uha
bZ vk jSoS dS okS dksbZ VVdkS vj VkGoka pfj= Åijka ld dj.k lwa ckt uha vkoSA gqoS] feu[k lks&dha tk.krk Fkdk ewj[k
fol; mBkoS vj iNS m.kuS iwjS Bgjko jS gSaMhdSIV feu[k ldh gq; tkoS] vkS b.k c.kS] b.k okLrS v[kckjka jk ekfyd
lkxS dgk.kh jk vk[kk olu& vkHkw"k.k dgk.kh jkS ewG fol; gS] ts b.k fol; jkf'kQG ukao jkS dwM+ NkiSA ^yaxksfV;S* eka;
iSjkoSA jkes'oj jpko vj c.kxV jS vk[kk ekFkS lR;ukjk;.k vcS dgk.kh jprk rkS cq<kiS jS vsdkdhi.k vj ?kjokGka jh
jkNka uS bZ fcljkoS dksuhaA jktLFkkuh ckr nwth gqorhA vogsyuk fojrh jkS lkpkS njlko gSA
dgk.kh txr uS Hkjr jh T;wa jkes'oj lwa bZ vkxyh dgk.kh ^/kwM+* nk:ckt i.k ^vky.kkS* m.k lqokjFk fcjrh jh dgk.kh gS
cksgGh mEehnka gSA vk[kS ?kj uS vHkko jh ?kêh eka; ihl.kokGS ft.k eka; lqokjFkol yksx feu[k vj
xkao&?kj jh dgkf.k;ka %& tsBkjke jh dgk.kh gSA xaxkuxj& xk;&Mkaxjka lwa izse djSA
mrjkn jh dgkf.k;ka eka; vsd lqj guqekux< ftyS jS ?k.kdjS ?kjka eka; nk: ^cntkr* ukao jh dgk.kh eka; vsdS
lR;ukjk;.k lksuh jkS i.k gSA vka jkS iSyM+kS jkcM+h&jksVh gSA m.k lwa uha v/;kid ojx dkauh vHkko >syrS ifjokj uS lkth&lwjh
dgk.kh laxzS ^?kelk.k* ?k.kkS iSyk lu~ VGÓksM+kS] uha ys[kd&i=dkj ojxA ulkS xk; jS gM+d&QM+d ej tko.k jkS xe
1995 eka; Ni pqD;kS gkSA laxzS eka; vsd bZ vsd jktjksx jh T;wa c/krkS bZ tk; jS;kS gS lkyS] nwth dkauh fiaMr vj xkao jk yksx
fol;&oLrq jh 16 dgkf.k;ka ladfyr gSA vj xkaoka jkS okrkoj.k vkijh vlfy;r dgk.kh jS ik= cnGw uS b.k okLrS U;kr ckjS
ukUgh vkSLFkk eka; lR;ukjk;.k jkS ladyu [kkso.k ykxX;kS] i.k b.k dkauh uha dj nsoS dS fcuk tsoM+h dk<Óka m.k jh xk;
vk;X;kSA bUlkslsal ,t jkS lsal vka cqf)thoh ojx jh nhB tkoS] uha fd.kh ejxh vj okS xk; uS gfj}kj ?kky xaxsM+k
dgkf.k;ka eka; lqHkV fuxS vkoSA b.k o; vkxhoka.k dS;ht.k okGS ojx jhA vxyh uha djÓkA ^?kj*] êqlk.k* vkn dgkf.k;ka
rkabZ oka vkijkS HkksX;kS] i.k b.kh #>kau jh dgkf.k;ka gSA
ns[;kS] itks[;kS ifjos'k ^rsy* Hkz"V jk'kfuax dj.k okGka
iwjh lPpkbZ lkxS mdsjÓkS jS euekuSi.k uS mtkxj djSA
gSA vka lxGh ukUgh&ukUgh êqëh jkS dlko* dgk.kh eka;
xzkeh.k ?kVukoka uS vsdy csekj vj etcwj cki vkijS
dj nsoka rkS bZ dksbZ csVS jh vogsyuk lSorkS&lSorkS
vM+dkal uha gqoSA NksVk& csekj gq; tkoS] i.k Vh-ch-
NksVk n`'; uS oj.ku jh xzLr cki jh lsok dj.k [kkrj
lkQ&lQhV 'kSyh] uha dksbZ ckSikjh csVS dUuS cxr uha gqoSA
iz ; ks x A pkeRdkfjrk b.k laxzS jh NsdM+yh dgk.kh
Y;ko.k okLrS ijGhdS jk ^Ålj* [kklk izHkkoh dgk.kh gSA
nwtk dFkkdkj xkGÓka jkS vsd dykdkj ekankS gqork Fkdk
ftdkS nM+kNaV iz;ksx djS okS yksxka jS euksjatu lk: [klS]
i.k uhaA cstka tFkkjFk jkS i.k bySDVªksfud ehfM;k lwa
dBSbZ Qkyrw vkxzg uhaA cjlrS euksjatu jS dkj.k
xkao jh ?kVukoka rkS xkao jk feu[k laLÑfr fogw.k gq; jS;k
lq[k&nq[k] jkx&n~os[k] gSA okajS eka; catji.kkS c/k
nksjika& lksjikaA jS;kS gSA
iSyM+h dgk.kh 18 dgkf.k;ka jS ladyu
^?kelk.k* crkoS dS xkao jh ^/kku dFkkoka* jkS izdkl.k lu~
vHkko Hkjh ftanxka.kh eka; 2010 eka; gq;kSA lR;ukjk;.k
fd.kh jS vsd VSe HkSal lksuh jkS vkS nwtkS dFkk&ladyu
ikolS uha dS ykr ekjT;k gSA ianjS cjl jS ykacS varjky
dS ikMdh pqa?kk tkoS rkS bZ iNS vk;S b.k ladyu jh [kkl
?kj/k.;ka jS ?k.kh BkMh dkal ckr vk gS dS b.k jh ?k.kdjh
gq; tkoSA nq[k vBS d.kS dgkf.k;ka Hkkoka jh xSjkbZ] nhB jh
rksGkS rkS d.kSbZ eklkS jSoSA dgk.kh ^mckd* bZ vsd nk:ckt cki jh O;kidrk vj fol; fu:i.k eka; vkSnkR;
xkaobZ lekt eka; yqxkbZ jkS ?k.kkS eksy uha dgk.kh gSA ft.k ?kj eka; nk:ckt cki jkS y[kko djkoS] tndS iSyM+S ladyu
gqoS& vkS lkp iSyM+h dgk.kh lwa NsdM+yh gqoS] mBS dsbZ nQk ?kj jk chtk lnL;ka uS ^?kelk.k* jh vsdk/k dgk.kh uS NksM lS
dgk.kh rkabZ bdlkj futj vkoSA yqxkbZ Hkw[kkS bZ lkso.kkS iM+SA ^jkf'kQG* jkf'kQG dgkf.k;ka vifjiDo jpuk&fo/kkau jkS
[kkrj xkG feu[k jS eqaMS eka; lnho ns[kuS jkth&csjkth gqo.k okGS vDdygh.k vSlkl djkoSA ^/kku dFkkoka* jkS ys[kdh;
ckijÓksM+h bZ jSoSA nwth dgk.kh jkS ik= feu[k jh dgk.kh gSA lh/kh&likV dgk.kh tksl vsd rI;S&rik;S fy[kkjS jS tksl uS

ij[kkoSA b.k ladyu jh dgkf.k;ka bZ dysoj dgk.kh gSA
eka; rkS ukUgh gS] i.k vizksp ukrS dsbZ êjn* dgk.kh eka; Qarklh 'kSyh uS dkae
dgkf.k;ka lcGh vj lSaBh gSA eka; yhjhth gSA vsd bZ cksy yqxkbZ&
iSyM+h dgk.kh lkekftd lejlrk vj eksVÓkj fcpkGS QaVokM+ ?kky ldS& i.k ckr
dkSeh vsdrk jS Hkko uS laosnukRed <ax lwa NsdM+ esa ^bu Mk;jsDVj* esa dS;ksM+h fudGuS
ijksl.k okGh gS] oBS bZ nwth dgk.kh ^gj lwa tkpkS tp tkoSA ûktd* dgk.kh jkspd
ghykS* gjsd nhB lwa fljS dgk.kh gSA tkrh; gS& xkao eka; iM+ksfl;ka eka; cSj ikG yso.k
vfHkekau fd.k Hkkar feu[k jS ext jkS jk eqík fdrjk ukUgk&ukUgk gqoS& dgk.kh
dpjkS djÓka jk[kS] b.k rF; jkS jkspd vj b.k rFk uS mtkxj djSA vkxyh dgk.kh
dykRed <ax lwa [kqyklkS djS b.k dgk.kh jkS ^NksVh&lh ckr* b.k laxzS jh vsd ekfeZd
eq[; ik=A Ldwy jS pijklh jS czkã.kRo jkS vj lcGh dgk.kh gS ftdh NsdM+ tkork
Hkwr gj cxr [kaoS p<sM+kS jSoS& nwtS laosnuk uS ijl dj tkoSA ^Nhadh* ukjh
tkfr&ojxka lk: niVsM+h lwx vj f?kj.kk vktknh jh odkykr djSA ^gksM* eka; cb;S
pijklh nknS jS vka cksyka eka; ijxV gqoS& jkS ?kj mtM+ tko.k jh fpark gSA êkSr* liuS
^^Nk=ojrh vkoS rkS vka [kkrj] fdrkcka] jh dFkk gSA liuS eka; rkS dha bZ ?kfVr gq;
ldSA vkijh ekSr jS iNS dM+wacS
ekFkS m.kjkS vlj ns[k.kkS fdrjkS
vthc gqoS] b.kh rFk uS ys;uS vk
dgk.kh jpsM+h gSA ^meko*
tyeHkkse jS [kkrj meko vj
yxko jh dgk.kh gSA vsd [kklk
jkspd dgk.kh b.k ladyu eka; gS
vj ok gS ^fpc[kk.k*A vk dgk.kh
chth dgkf.k;ka lwa dha FkksM+h ykach
gSA o`gn vj cky euksfoX;kau jh
b.k dgk.kh jkS ys[kd lkarjkS
fuHkko djÓkS gSA b.k eka; vsd
dkfi ;ka] cLrk vkoS rkS fpM+ksdyS lHkko jS MksdjS jS gkoHkko vj
vka [kkrjA nqfu;k HkjxkS lharxkS eky vka uS dGi jkS lkxhM+kS fp=.k djhtkS gSA feu[k
lwainÓkSA Qhl ekQ vkaxh djnÓkSA ukSdfj;ka jh eka;yh euxr jk lSal njlko gqoSA
eka; dksVkS U;kjkSA Qsj vka dfu;ka] vkaxkS NsdM+ esa lR;ukjk;.k jh lkx.k m.k
dke bZ uka djokvkSA rkS HkkbZ] dksbZ iwNS fojrh dkauh tkoka ftdh fdlku eka; dha
vkauS] dS b± nhoG uS Fks gj}kj xk iaMk cslh gS& ok gS dgk.kh ys[k.k jh izfØ;k uS
c.kkÅ gkS ds\** ys;uS dgk.kh jp.k jh fojrhA b.k Hkkar jk
vly eka; fizalhiy pijklh nknS uS iz;ksx dgk.kh jh vly rkdr uS fd.kh Hkkar
Ldwy eka; ejsM+h feudh mBko.k jkS dS; cèkkoS dksuha( i.k blM+k iz;ksx dj.k okGk
nhUgkSA i.k nknkS vkt rkabZ Ldwy eka; cqgkjh cjT;ka lwa dn ekuSA
dk<h uha] uha cjr.k ekaT;k] iNS vkS lwxykS NsdM+ esa mrjknh dgk.kh isVS dha la[ksi
dkae vks<kork fizalhiy jS cPpS uS ykt eka; vkstwa dSoka dS vka P;k:a bZ dFkkdkjka jh
dksuha vkbZA dgk.kh eka; b.k pqukSrh uS lxGh dgkf.k;ka ckaP;ka vsd lgt HkjkslkS
>sy.k vj nknS jS dwnS&ukpS uS fy[kkjS ?k.kh tkeS dS oS vkijh futw laosnuk jS ika.k
prjkbZ lwa dksjÓkS gSA pfj= vfHkO;fDr jk pkSrjQ gq; jS;S laØe.k] fo[kaMu vj
lxGk jkN dkae eka; yhjhtk gSA feu[k jS eka; gq; jS;h VwV.k uS oka.kh ns;
vkxyh dgk.kh ^cksry* nk: iho.k jh jS;k gSA cktkjoknh vj Hkksxoknh ewY;
euksfojrh jk lxGk i[k [kaxkGSA ^leanj* fojrh] lS ?kjckfj;ka uS ftdk eè;e vj
Hkkoqd dgk.kh gS] eeZ Li'khZ bZA vsd feu[k fupyS ojx jk gS] okauS /kksch&iNkV ns; jS;h
vkijS xE;ksM+S Vkcj uS fprkj eka; cMkS gSA feu[k laHkkG uha ikoS fcÙkkS nq[k pkSQsj
djrkS jSoSA ^Nkrh* jktLFkkuh eka; ^/khjt* lR;kuk'kh jh T;wa ilj jS;kS gSA vsdB eka;
uS dSoSA b.k Nkrh dgk.kh jh csok eka ?k.kh dSoka rkS mrjknh dgk.kh vHkko vj nq[k jh
Nkrh jk[kSA ikBd uS xGxGkS dj.k okGh jkxGh gSA

cgh[kkrkS cjl 2014 jkS jktLFkkuh lkfgR;
MkW- egsUnz ehy
jktLFkku jkS ukao ysorka bZ eqaMkS jl lwa esa dqy feyk;uS iSarhl dforkoka gSa] ft.k esa
Hkjht tkoS vj Qs:a txokYgh e#Hkkse jh xhr] dfork] Hktu lwa ys;uS nwgk rdkr jk
feljh tSM+h ehBh Hkklk jktLFkkuh jh ckr eksdGk Loknka jk lcM+dk fy;k tk; ldS gSA
gqoS rkS Qsj dSo.kkS bZ dkabZA jktLFkkuh jkS vBS lektw foM:irkoka uS ijxVko.k esa
ljl lkfgR; vk[kS eku[kS jkS euM+kS eksgSA dfo ^vsen~;k dh esen~;k ij* esy nsoS vj
jktLFkkuh jkS twaukS lkfgR; ?k.kkS lSaBkS gS rkS vSM+h lhèkh lVdkoS tdh ^lkS lqukj jh vsd
uokS fljt.k bZ fljS gSA ts cjl 2014 eka; yqgkj jh* tSM+h tcjh pksV djSA b.k laxzS jh
jktLFkkuh lkfgfR;d ifjos[k ekFkS nhB dforkoka tu&tho.k lwa tqM+h Fkdh lgt&
Ugk[kka rkS b.k cjl lkfgR; jh yxSVxS lxGh ljy dforkoka gSa ft.kesa dBSbZ vGw>kM+
fo/kkoka esa ys[k.k&izdkl.k fOg;kS gSA ft.k jkS uha gSA
ys[kkS&tks[kkS tk.k.k jkS tru djkaA y{e.knku dfo;k jktLFkkuh jk fljS
lS lwa iSyka dfork lwa l:okr djkaA xtydkj gSa vj ^varl jh vxu*
dfork %& vkt dfork iksFkh lS lwa cslh jktLFkkuh esa xty foèkk jh xhjcStksx iksFkh
egsUnz ehy jkS 4 ekpZ 1975 fy[khtS vj NiSA D;wadS dfork esa tBS Mwaxh gSA fganh xty esa ftdh BkSM+ nq";ar jh gS ok
uS dksyhM+k&lhdj esa tye gq;kSA laosnuk gqoS oBS bZ ikBdka jS gh;S uS bZ MwaxS jh ok BkSM+ jktLFkkuh esa dfo;kth jh dSo.kh
vki ,e-,-] ch-,M- ih&,p- rkabZ izHkkfor dj.k jh f[kerk jk[kSA pkghtSA ft.k rjS mnZw xty jh çse] :i vj
Mh- gSaA jktLFkkuh jk izoklh jpukdkjka esa ofj’B fl.kxkj jh ijaijk uS rksM+uS nq";ar xty jkS
tkxrh tks r ] vi.kk;r] dfo] O;aX;dkj vj dqjtka jk laiknd uokS folS feu[k jh vc[kk;ka uS c.kk;kS
fc.ktkjks] uS.klh] e#/kkjk] ojnk] MkW- euksgj yky xks;y jh uoh dkO; iksFkh m.kht xr iksFkh ^varl jh vxu* esa feu[k
eM+bZ] jktLFkku if=dk] nSfud ^ckrka jh Qwy>M+h* NiuS vkbZ gSA b.k iksFkh uS feu[ki.kS jh xtyka gSaA ^varl jh vxu*
vklikl] nSfud vEcj] f'k[kj esa 272 NDdk ekjhtk gS tdk uS dfo NDdk esa dfo jS gh;S esa Åiuh ok vxu gS ftdh
fot; vkn i=&if=dkoka vj laxzS Nan esa jktLFkkuh dfork dS;h gSA vS lektw foM:irkoka uS ckGuS Hkle dj.kS jh
xzaFkka esa vkijh jpukoka Nih FkdhA dqaMfG;ka gS tdk ^xks;y jk xksGxIik* ukao f[kerk jk[kSA vBS dfo feu[k jS vksNS
vys[kwa xksf"B;ka vj lsfeukjka esa lwa bZ ?k.kka pkok fOg;k gSA xks;yth ewwG :i LokjFk] NG&Qjsc] pfj= ghurk uS ijS
'kks/k i= izLrqrA 'ks[kkokVh [;kyka lwa O;aX; fy[kkjk gk b.kh dkj.kS vBS b.k djuS çseHkko] ekr`Hkko] uSfrdrk]
ekFkS iSykS 'kks/k&izca/k ys[kuA
^vfHk#fp Lekfjdk* vj ^vki.kh
dqaMfG;ka esa bZ O;aX; jkS iqV lqHkV fuxS vkoSA ijksidkj] R;kx] nslfgr uS feu[ki.kS jh
/kjrh vki.kk yksx % dksyhM+k ifjokj b.k laxzS uS i<îka b;ka ykxS dS dfo lektw Fkji.kk dj.kkS pkoSA b.k laxzS esa 83 xtyka
ifjp;* jkS laiknuA vfHk#fp ljksdkjka jk egrkÅ eqík mBkoS vj gS ft.k eka; feu[k jh euxr vj NhtrS
iqLrdky;] dksyhM+k jS lapkyu esa leL;koka jk gy lksèk.k jk tru djSA dfo tho.k eksy ekFkS varl jh riu mtkxj Ogh
lgHkkfxrkA lkfgfR;d vj vkijh laosnuk uS lakoVrk Fkdk vk[kS eku[kS gSA dfo;kth vkijS tho.k esa lnho tq>k:
lkaL—frd xfrfof/k;ka esa lfØ; jk fprjkae ekaMîk gS tdk O;f"V lwa lef"V vj la?k"kZlhy jS;k gSA ykx&yisV dnS uha
HkkxhnkjhA jktLFkkuh Hkk"kk vj jh lkFkZd tkrjk jh lk[k HkjSA lekt jS jk[kh] lnho lhèkh&lkp lVdkbZA vkt
yksdlaL—fr lwa [kkl yxkoA U;kjS&U;kjS i[kka ekFkS fyf[k;ksM+k vS xksGxIik jktLFkkuh esa bZ xty [kwc fy[kh tk; jS;h
jktLFkkuh jh izfrf"Br if=dk O;aX; jh èkkj lkFkS ?k.kk vkSiS&nhiSA gSA i.k dF; jh djkekr vj flYi jkS
^fc.ktkjks* jkS ykjyk ikap cjl lwa cMsjk dfo Jhfuokl frokM+h êu jh lSaBksi.kkS derh bZ ykèkSA b.k nhB lwa
lg&laiknuA f'k{kk foHkkx esa fudGxh* dfork iksFkh jS lkFkS iksFkh&çdkl.k dfo;kth jh xtyka vyk;nh gS tdh
v/;kidhA jS pkSFkS ixksfr;S iwX;k gSA iksFkh jS fljSukao jktLFkkuh xty foèkk esa vkijh Bkoh BkSM+
ckcr dfo dS;kS gS& îksFkh jkS ukao êu jh jk[kSA
fBdk.kkS % fudGxh* vViVkS ykx ldS gSA D;wadS nqfu;k jktLFkkuh esa lrlbZ lkfgR; jh lkaoBh
Jh eksgudqat] ohj rstk dkWyksuh] esa iwjh eu jh vkt rd fd.kh jh uha rkS ijaijk jS;h gSA m.kh ijaijk eka; vsd eksrh
uoyx<+ jksM] lhdj&332001 fudGh gS vj uha fudGSyk] i.k EgS vk vkSj tqfM+;kS gS& nfyr lrlbZA ^nfyr
eks-& 9950428197 lkspuS vkS ukao jk[;kS gwa dS Egkjk eu jh lrlbZ* y{e.knku dfo;k jh b.k cjl Nih
[email protected] Hkkoukoka vj Egkjk eu jh ckQ Egkjh dkO; iksFkh gS ft.k esa dfo nwgk jS ekjQr
dforkoka jk :i esa ckjS vkbZ gSA* [kSj ukao esa nfyrka jh njn Hkjh nkLrku ekaMh gSA
dkabZ iM+îkS gS dkae ns[k.kkS pkghtSA b.k laxzS jktLFkkuh esa nfyrka ekFkS derh bZ fy[khtkS
gSA b.k okLrS dfo nfyr lrlbZ jh jpuk dfo jh dfork fy[k.k jh [kkl gBskBh b.k
djuS b.k deh uS iwj.k jh [kjh [kspG djh dforkoka lwa Hkyh Hkkar mtkxj gqoSA
gS tdh dS nfyr lkfgR; jh vsd nLrkosth Jh HkkVh dfork jS dF; jh >h.kh iM+rkG
iksFkh c.kSykA dfo uS b.k ckr jh ihM+k gS dS djrk Fkdka dkO; uS uoh Hkafxekoka] uoh
vkt tekukS tkfr caèk.k rksM+uS çxfr jk vjFk Nk;koka uS uoh vksiek nso.k esa
ikoaMk HkjrkS vkxS cèk jS;kS gS vSM+S cxr esa dkjxj jS;k gSA vkS bZ dkj.k gS dS vkijh
ts tkr&èkje jS vkèkkj ekFkS fd.kh feu[k dkO; Hkklk jh vusdwa iqM+rka gSa vj ok
jh vksG[kka.k djkbtS rkS ok ckr Hkksr lqHkV] laf”y’V vj O;kid lkaL—frd
vtksxrh ykxS vj laosn.klhy fgM+nS uS lanHkZ uS laosV.k&vaosj.k okGh Hkklk jkS
xgjh pksV ykxS] ihM+ gqoSA b.kh ihM+ uS mnkgj.k ekuh tk; ldS gSA dkO; dkS”ky
ijxVko.k lk: dfo jh vk fljt.kk lkEgha jh lcGkbZ] Hkkoka jh lq?kM+rk] fparu jh
vkbZ gSA b.k d`fr esa nfyrka lkFkS gq;ksM+S xw<rk] vksirk vk[kjka vj vyadkjka lwa
vU;ko vj lksl.k jkS ekjfed fp=.k yM+kywe vk dfork iksFkh lq?kM+ uS lkaoBh
djhtkS gSA iksFkh jS 69 nwgka esa nfyr tkr jh dkO;—fr gSA
xksrka jk ukao fx.kkbtk gS tdk nwth BkSM+ka b.kh cjl iq#’kksÙkeyky tks”kh jh vsd
nqjyHk gSaA dfo b.k iksFkh jS ekjQr nfyr ykaBh iksFkh lkEgha vkbZ gS& ^nwgk <kbZ
lekt jkS lxGkS C;kSjkS isl dj.k jS lkFkS gtkjk*A b.k iksFkh esa nsl&nqfu;k jh ckrka
lkFkS nfyrka uS vkijh grklk vj fujklk uS uS 2527 nwgka esa lkaoVîk gSA O;kogkfjd
NksMuS fodkl jk ikoaMk Hkj.k jkS gsykS nhUgkS uhfr lwa lefUor nwgka esa dfo jkS rtjckS
gS tdkS ?k.kkS ljko.ktksx gSA cksySA BsB “ks[kkokVh jk lcn] eqgkojk]
iou igkfM;+k jh dkO; iksFkh ^>ihM+* esa dScr ?k.kk jatd gSaA vS nwgk “ks[kkokVh
pkSjklh fol;ka ij rhu&rhu dqaMfG;k cksyh esa fy[khtk gSA Hkklk esa jktLFkkuh jh
nhjhtk gS ;kuh dqy feyk;uS nks; lkS ckou ok ekSfyd egd uha y[kkoS ftdh gqo.kh
dqaMfG;ka gS ft.k esa nsl nqfu;k jh ckrka pkghtSA b;ka ykxS dS lksP;kS fganh esa vj
djrk Fkdk vk[kS eku[kS uS psru dj.k fy[;kS jktLFkkuh esaA Qsj Hkh dF; vj
lk: tcjk >ihM+ yxkbtk gSA Hkkoka jh lcG çLrqfr isVS iksFkh i<.k
jktLFkkuh dfork jk dhjr Fkac dkunku tksx gSA
dfYir jh tyeHkkse >ksjM+k esa tk;k fganh dfo vKs; jS ^rkj&lIrd* jh nkabZ
tyE;k ;qok dfo çgyknflag vkijh iSyh jktLFkkuh esa dfo&laiknd vkse iqjksfgr
dkO; iksFkh ^jax:M+kS e#nsl* esa vkijh ^dkxn* vj cksf/k izdk”ku jk ek;ke`x
ijaijk uS ikGrk fuxS vkoSA vkijS gh;S vsd liuS uS lkdkj djîkS gS vj okS
vki.kh èkjrh lk: ?k.kS luekau jk Hkko gS liukS gS & ^Fkkj&lIrd*A b.k ;kstuk esa
ft.kjh lkSje b.k iksFkh esa lkxsM+h ljlhtSA v.kNI;k lkr&lkr dfo;ka jk lkr lIrd
laxzS esa fl.kxk: vj ohj jl jS Ni.kka gSA ^Fkkj&lIrd* jkS iSykS lIrd
xhr&dforkoka jh cksGxr gS tdh dS cjl 2012 esa Nfi;kS gkSA NBkS lIrd
jktLFkkuh jh ijEijkÅ dfork jh [kkl cjl 2014 esa vkika lkEgha vk;kS gSA
fiNka.k gSA dfo ohj&fl.kxkj lwa èkdS ikaoMkS lkrokSa lIrd bZh L;kr R;kj gS vj csxkS bZ
c/kkor Fkdk vkt jh ifjfLFkfr;ka uS Ni uS vklhA vS lkr lIrd bDdhloha
firoka.k uS tFkkjFkoknh xhr bZ fy[;k gS lnh jh vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh dfork jk
ft.k esa xkao] fdlku] etnwj jh ihM+ ijxV dks”k gSaA jktLFkkuh esa vkS vsd uokS fopkj
djhth gSA vk iksFkh e#nsl jh lrjaxh gS] uokS iz;ksx gS ftdkS ?k.kkS egrkÅ gSA
laL—fr jk jax:M+k fprjkeka lwa gckcksG vBS vS uok dfo vkijh vuqHkwfr jS ika.k
?k.kh jfG;ko.kh ykxSA ;qok dfo uS cèkko.k uokS fljt.k djîkS gS] vk/kqfud
lk: gh;kS gqGlSA jktLFkkuh dfork lk: vsd tehu R;kj
jktLFkkuh eku&eBksB okGk ofj’B dfo djh gS tdh jktLFkkuh dfork uS vk[kh
MkW- vkbZnkuflag HkkVh jh b.k cjl vsd Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka lkFkS ÅHk.k jkS cG cxlSA
Bkoh dfork iksFkh ^[kksy ika[k uS [kksy dgk.kh %& jktLFkkuh esa ckr dSo.k jh
fpM+dyh* NiuS vkbZ gSA vS dforkoka ?k.kh twauh ijaijk gSA ok bZ ckr ijaijk
vkijh jatdrk lwa ikBd jS gh;S uS gckcksG izxfr jk ixksfFk;ka p<rh vk/kqfud
djS oBSbZ dfork jk dk;nk Fkjirh y[kkoSA jktLFkkuh dgk.kh rkabZ jh tkrjk djh gSA
jkeikyflag jktiqjksfgr jkS ukao jktLFkkuh Hkklk vj “kSyh ys[kd jh laosnuk uS b.k xr
dgk.khdkjka eka; iSyh ikar esa yhjhtSA Hkklk ijksVrh pkyS dS ok ikBd uS vkijh
jh cq.kxV vj yksd l:i isVS vkijkS ukao vuqHkwfr tSM+h y[kkoSA bDdhloSa lbZdS esa
jktLFkkuh dgk.kh ijaijk esa xhjcS lkFkS jktLFkkuh dgk.kh gydS esa gGxG dj.k
fy;kS tkoSA dScrka&eqgkojka lwa yM+kywe okGh iksFkh gS& ^vsd lrh jh vk[kjh
Hkklk esa BsB yksd jh egdkj lwa gh;kS ijdek*A vk vsd lrh jh rkS vk[kjh
gjf[kr gqoSA eu djS vkijh dgk.;ka ijdek gS i.k “;ke tkafxM+ jh jktLFkkuh
ckaP;k bZ tkoka] ckaP;ka bZ tkokaA vSM+k ehBk dFkk lkfgR; eka; iSy ijFke ijdek gSA
dFkkdkj jkeikyflag jktiqjksfgr jkS uokS jktLFkkuh dFkk lkfgR; eka; iSyiksr bZ
dgk.kh laxzS ^fcuk Nktk okGkS ?kj* b.k vSM+kS tcjkS ixQsjkS gq;kS gS dS jktLFkkuh
cjl çdkflr gq;kS gSA ^fcuk Nktk okGkS lkfgR; lalkj uS b.k lkaoBh iksFkh uS
?kj* jh dgkf.k;ka jkS ewG lqj cnGrS tqx esa vaxsT;k bZ ljlhA “;ke tkafxM+ jh lf/k;ksM+h
cMsjka jh euxr uS iaiksGrk Fkdk twauh ys[k.kh lwa fljftr vS dgk.;ka vkijS dF;
Hkhark jk ysoM+k uS tM+ lwa m[kkM+ht.kkS gSA vj cq.kxV jS ika.k jktLFkkuh dFkk lkfgR;
vki.kS yksdtho.k vj laL—fr uS lk: mYys[ktksx bZ uha gS b;kadS dgk.kh jh
ijksVrh&iks[krh Fkdh vS dgk.;ka uoS dlkSVh ekFkS ?k.kh l”kDr vj izHkkoh gaSA
tekuS uS nk; vko.k okGh lko uoh vVax ek;M+ Hkklk jh laoS/kkfud ekurk
gSaA laxzS esa 27 dgkf.k;ka gSa ft.k esa vki.kS vkanksyu jk :M+k jax:V eukst dqekj
lekt jk tawuk jhr&ikar lwa ys;uS uoS Lokeh jkS dgk.kh laxzS gS& ^fda;ka---!!*A b.k
tekuS jh ckrka uS dsofV;ksM+h gS tdh laxzS esa lektw foM:irkoka uS lkEgha Y;korh
ikBdka uS Lokn jk lkxsM+k lcM+dk nsoSA ianjS dgk.;ka gSaA pkan lwa pky.k okGS eghuS
dFkkdkj jS eu eka; cxr jS cnGko lkFkS esa nks; i[k gqoS& pkau.k i[k vj vaèkkj
thou ewY;ka jh fxjkoV jh ihM+ gS b.kh isVS i[kA enxksiky y<k jS dgk.kh laxzS ^P;ku.k
dFkkdkj vBS uoh vj tawuh ih<h jS fcPpS i[k* uS bDdhloSa lbZdS esa nwtS nld jS
esG&feGki jkS iqG ckaèk.k jh [kjh [kspG l:vkrh iM+ko esa jktLFkkuh dgk.kh foèkk
djh gSA Hkklk jS jfG;ko.kS l:i lk: vkS jkS pkau.k i[k dS;kS tk; rkS dksbZ cstk ckr
dFkk laxzS ?k.kkS ljkbtSykA dksuhaA b.k laxzS esa vkt jS cxr vj lektw
jktLFkkuh vj fganh jk pkok dFkkdkj lkp uS gktj djrh 17 dgk.;ka gSaA
“;ke tkafxM+ jh uoha iksFkh ^vsd lrh jh enuxksiky y<k jh dgk.;ka esa oS i[k gS
vk[kh ijdek* jh lewph dgk.;ka vkt jS tdk jksthuk jh ftanxka.kh esa vkika lkEgha
cxr uS vaosjrh dgk.;ka gSaA “;ke tkafxM+ ÅHkk ykèkSA feu[k jh euxr uS mtkxj
jh dgk.;ka jh [kkl fiNka.k vk gS dS oka esa dj.k esa fy[kkjS uS vuwBh ydc gkfly gS
dksbZ ykach&pkSM+h dFkkoLrq uha gqoS] vsd tdh dgk.kh jS dF; uS dykRed <ax lwa isl
dFkklw= jS vksGS&nksGS oS dgk.kh jS jpko jk djSA jktLFkkuh dFkk lfgR; uS vkS ^P;ku.k
ikoaMk Hkjrk fuxS vkoS tdk jktLFkkuh i[k* lwai.k lk: y<k uS y[k&y[k cèkkbZA
dgk.kh uS vk/kqfud bZ uha mÙkj vk/kqfud b.k iksFkh jh lcGkbZ jS rka.k dS;kS tk; ldS
c.kko.k jk tru djSA vk ckr lksGg dS enuxksiky y<k vaèkkj i[k jk uha]
vkauk lkp gS dS jpukdkj vkijh jpukoka pkau.k i[k jk mHkjrk dFkkdkj gSaA
jk dFkk lw= lekt lwa ysoSA b.kh dkj.kS okS miU;kl %& jktLFkkuh miU;kl uS
lektw leL;koka jh vaosj djrk Fkdk vkika jktLFkkuh yksddFkkoka&yksdxkFkkoka lwa
tho.k jh vc[kk;ka uS lkopsrh lwa lkEgha tksM+uS uha ns[kka rkS vk fo/kk vBS v/kquk gSA
Y;koSA ekuo eu jh iqM+rka uS m?kkM+uS okajkS miU;kl fo/kk esa b.k cjl vsd iksFkh vkbZ
euksoSKkfud fo”ys’k.k dksbZ fojykS bZ gS& ^vo/kwr*A ^vo/kwr* jk fy[kkjk e/kq
jpukdkj dj ldSA dksbZ dgk.khdkj ts vkpk;Z ^vk”kkoknh* vka cjlka eas lkfgR; jh
ik=ka jS eu eka; b.k Hkkar jh ?kjG&ejG lxGh fo/kkoka esa ?k.kkS fy[k jS;k gSa vj
mitkoS dS ikBd vkijh futw ftanxka.kh uS lkarjkS fy[k jS;k gSA miU;kldkj e/kq
HkwyuS ik= jh taw.k tho.k ykxS rkS m.k vkpk;Z ^xokM+* jS iNS ^vo/kwr* jS ekjQr
jpko jh fljS lQGrk ekuh tkoSA b.k nhB vsd liukS&lkS fljt jS;k gS ft.k esa vk[kh
lwa “;ke tkafxM+ jh vS dgk.;ka jktLFkkuh nqfu;k vkiljh esa jG&feG uS vsd bdkbZ
dgk.kh fo/kk uS uoh fnlk nsoSA dgk.;ka jh :i esa njlS tBS vk/kqfudrk uS mÙkj
vk/kqfudrk jk lkaoBk nhBko gqoSA b;ka ykxS tksoS rkS ykxS tk.kS pkSQsj ;knka jkS vsd
dS xokM+ jS ykacS&pkSM+S Qyd uS iwjh rfj;k v.keki] v.kFkkx vj vlhe lenj
firoka.k uS m.k eka; lwa bZ ^vo/kwr* NksGk pf<;ksM+kS gSA ygjka jS muekau
fudkGîkS gSA vkilh izse] lg;ksx vj ukUgh&eksVh ckrka mNkGk [kk; jS;h gSA
ln~Hkko lkFkS vkS miU;kl va/kkji[k lwa ysf[kdk jS Vkcji.kka lwa ys;uS vtS rkabZ jh
ÅtGi[k dkauh ys; tko.k jk tk>k tru ;knka vBS HksGh gSA iksFkh eka; vkpk;Z
djSA b.k miU;kl esa cq.kxV jS Lrj jS ekFkS cnzhizlkn lkdfj;k] usehpan tSu Hkkoqd]
uok iz;ksx djhtk gS tdk jktLFkkuh “;ke xksbUdk jS tho.k lwa tqfM+;k laLej.kka
miU;kl fo/kk eka; lewG cnGko Y;kork lkFkS nwtk laLej.k gSa tdk ftanxka.kh jh
Fkdka mÙkj vk/kqfudrk jk lkaoBk nhBko tw> vj gher uS lkaiM+r djSA leS
djkoS] ft.k jS ika.k b.k miU;kl uS nwth ijok.kS f”k{kk jk ixksfFk;k p<rh ukjh]
Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka jS miU;klka jh tksM+ eka; f”k{kk jh ijHkkrh fdj.k] fel yht
jk[k ldkaA vjusLV] ykMy ckbZ vkn laLej.kka esa
y?kqdFkk %& y?kqdFkk vkt lkfgR; jh lS ukjh psruk] ukjh f”k{kk] m.kjh ftthfo’kk]
lwa cÙkh ckapht.k okGh fo/kk c.krh tk; jS;h fe.kr] la?k’kZ vj vkQG jk eqaMS cksyrk
gSA D;wadS vkt jh HkkxnkSM+ jh ftanxka.kh esa fprjkae ekaMhtk gSA jktLFkkuh txr esa
feu[k dUuS miU;kl dS ykach dgk.kh ckap.k tBS bZ laLej.k jh ckr vkoSyk rkS
jkS cxr dksuha okS FkksM+h rkG esa bZ jpuk uS MkW- rkjky{e.k xgyksr jkS ukao iSyh vksG
ckapuS tho.k uS lkSÌs”; uS ljl c.kko.kkS esa yhjhtSykA
pkoSA fy[kkjkS bZ y?kqdFkk jS ekjQr de lwa tkrjk fojrkar %& nslkVu feu[k jh
de lcnka esa vkijh ckr iwjly :i esa dS; lgt izo`fÙk gqoS vj nslkVu jS rtjcka jkS
ldSA b.kh dkj.kS vk fo/kk vkt yksdfiz; c[kka.k bZ okS djrkS vk;kS gSA jktLFkkuh esa
c.krh tk; jS;h gSA iq"iyrk d';i jh bZ b.k fo/kk eka; fy[kkjk vkxS cf/k;k gS
y?kqdFkkoka jh iSyh iksFkh vkbZ gS& Fkkajh&Egkjh i.k b.k fo/kk jh iksF;ka jh fx.kr djka rkS
vj m.kka jh ckrkaA y?kqdFkk foèkk esa vk vki vkaxGh jS ikSjoka ekFkS bZ vVduS jS; tkoSA
jh bZ uha vk[kS jktLFkkuh efgyk ys[ku esa b.k fo/kk esa iq’iyrk d”;i vsd tk.khtrkS
iSyh iksFkh gSA b.k laxzS eka; dqy 76 ukao gSA tkrjk fojrkar fo/kk esa vkijh
y?kqdFkkoka gSaA laxzS jh ?k.kdjhd dFkkoka ukjh nwth iksFkh ^vkHkS ukirk ikaoMk* NiuS vkbZ
tho.k jh vc[kk;ka lwa tqfM+;ksM+h gSa tdh gSA lkarjk tkrjk fojrkar ekaM.k lk:
ukjh lcGhdj.k jh lk[k HkjSA b.k fy[kkjS esa ckdk;nk tkrjk dj.k jkS
y?kqdFkkoka esa cksYM ys[k.k lkFkS lektw jpko ;k;kojh pko ikG.kkS ?k.kkS t:jh fOg;k
lkEgha vk;kS gSA b.k laxzS eka; dha y?kqdFkkoka djS vj vkS pko ysf[kdk esa tcjkS y[kkoSA
y?kqdFkk jh lhao lwa ckjS fuljrh ykxS i.k ysf[kdk gj cjl vkijS lk;cth lkFkS lSj
[kVdS tSM+h uha gSA Jh iou igkfM+;k ^rhtkS likVk lk: fuljSA iksFkh esa HksGk 7 tkrjk
:i* esa 77 y?kqdFkkoka gSa ft.k esa vkt jh fojrkarka esa dqekÅa] xkarksd] nkthZfyax]
HkkxnkSM+ jh ftanxka.kh jS vGw>kM+ esa dkBekaMkS] flykSax] dkthjaxk] dkek[;k]
vGwf>;ksM+S feu[k jh vc[kk;ka uS vksG[kuS iapdwyk] dq:[ksrj] dklh vj v;ks/;k jh
m.kka uS lkopsrh lwa lkEgha Y;kbth gSA laxzS tkrjkoka jk ?k.kka jfG;ko.kk fojrkar gSa
jh lxGh dgk.;ka feu[kktaw.k lwa tqM+h Fkdh ft.k esa tkrjk foxr lkFkS oBS jkS lkfgR;]
vSM+h dgk.;ka gS ft.k uS Hk.krh cxr b;ka laL—fr] bfrgkl lkaxksikax lek;ksM+kS gSA
ykxS tk.kS vki.kS lkEgha vk[kh th;ktaw.k jk vkykspuk %& jktLFkkuh jkS lkfgR;
fprjkae pky jS;k gSA ?k.kkS ywBkS gS i.k b.k jh l:vkrh
laLej.k %& laLej.k uS lkfgR; jh lS lwa vkykspuk fganh esa djhth gSA jktLFkkuh
jkspd] ljl] vkReh; uS iszjd fo/kk ekuh lkfgR; jkS bfrgkl] O;kdj.k vj dks”k xzaFk
tkoSA tdh varl jh esGw OgSA jktLFkkuh esa fganh esa ekaMhtk gSaA b.k cjl jktLFkkuh jk
MkW- rkjky{e.k xgyksr laLej.k ys[k.k esa ywaBk v/;srk vj Bkok vkykspd ch-,y-
vsd tk.khtrkS ukao gSA b.k fo/kk esa vkijh ekyh ^v”kkar* jk bfrgkl] O;kdj.k vj
ikap iksF;ka Nih Fkdh gSa vj NBh iksFkh b.k dks”k jk rhu egrkÅ xazFk jktLFkkuh eka;
cjl NiuS vkbZ gS& ^;knka bZ ;knka*A vBS vk;k gS& jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jkS bfrgkl]
ysf[kdk vkijh tho.k&tkrjk esa ikNh eqM+uS jktLFkkuh O;kdj.k vj jktLFkkuh
lcndkslA ^jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jkS bfrgkl* gquj gSA vk iksFkh ^Fks Egkjh] Egs Fkkajh* uS
jktLFkkuh esa ekaMuS vki vsd bfrgklw dkae VkGuS LoLFk lekykspuk jh l:vkr djSA
dhUgkS gSA vBS jktLFkkuh jkS ft.k rjS b.k iksFkh jh [kkl [kkfl;r gS rkfdZdrk
rj&rj fodkl gq;kS m.k jk dsbZ mnkgj.k vj rF;kRedrkA iksFkh esa fcuk fd.kh
crkoS dS jktLFkkuh Hkklk laL—r] viHkzal i[kki[kh jS de pfpZr dgk.khdkjka jh
lwa fudGuS fMaxG jS xsyS cSaorh vkt jS lcGh dgkf.k;ka uS c/kkbth gS rkS Fkkfir
l:i rkabZ fd;ka iwxh vj e#xqtZjh lwa dgk.khdkjka jh dgkf.k;ka jS fucGka i[kka uS
vyk;nh jktLFkkuh jh vksG[k vkn dsbZ njlkbtk gSA vBS vkykspd dgk.khdkjka
ckrka jh tka.kdkjh fo}kau fy[kkjS jh vVwV isVS lE;d nhB jk[kh gS uha rkS Bkdj&
lkèkuk uS njlkoSA b.k iksFkh esa vkfndky lwa lqgkorh dS;h vj uha fd.kh jS egrc uS de
ys;uS vkt rkabZ jS jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jkS vkad.k jh dksfll djhA jktLFkkuh dgk.kh
Øec) uS oSX;kfud bfrgkl gSA Jh ekyh ekFkS vk vsd fo”kn] izkekf.kd vj mi;ksxh
b.k iksFkh jS ekjQr jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jh lanHkZ iksFkh gSA
tcjh lsok djh gSA b.k cjl Jh ekyh jh cky lkfgR; %& jktLFkkuh Hkklk jh
nwth iksFkh ^jktLFkkuh O;kdj.k* NiuS vkbZ ekurk lwa egrkÅ eqíkS vkS gS dS vkika
gSA jktLFkkuh Hkklk jS ckjS esa vkS xzaFk vki.kh uoh ih<h esa jktLFkkuh Hkklk jk
egrkÅ tka.kdkjh çLrqr djSA iksFkh esa laLdkj ?kkyk ft.k lwa eka jktLFkkuh jh uhao
jktLFkkuh Hkklk] èofu] mPpkj.k vj fyfi iq[krk gqoS vj vS laLdkj rn bZ ?kySyk tn
lkFkS èofu vj o.kZ fopkj] lcn fopkj okauS i<.k lk: jkspd lkfgR; ek;M+ Hkklk
vj in jpuk] okD; fopkj ekFkS foLrkj lwa esa feySykA ft.kjh vki.kS vBS dha deh gSA
fy[khtkS gSA vkS vsd O;ofLFkr O;kdj.k b.kh deh uS iwj.k lk: iou igkfM+;k dkO;
xzaFk gS ft.k esa lxGk fol;ka uS nk[kyk iksFkh ûEcj ou vkÅayk* vki.kS lkEgha
ns;&ns; le>kbtk gSA b.k :i esa vkS xzaFk Y;k;k gSA b.k laxzS esa 41 cky dforkoka gSa
jktLFkkuh Hkklk jS Lo:i vj O;kdj.k tdh Vkcjka uS iszj.kk nso.k okGh gSaA
ekFkS vsd lkaoBkS nLrkost gSA rhtkS xazFk jktLFkkuh dkO; ijaijk eqtc iksFkh jS
^jktLFkkuh lcndksl* iSykS jktLFkkuh& çkjEHk esa eaxGkpj.k jS :i esa ^vjnkl*
jktLFkkuh lcndksl gS ft.k esa uok djhth gS dS Vkcjka esa ijekjFk jk Hkko
jktLFkkuh lcnka jkS bZ lekos”k gSA vkS lapjS vj oS lr ekjx ekFkS pkySA vkxS
lcndksl jktLFkkuh ek/;e lwa i<f.k;ka Vkcjka uS #prk fol;ka uS ys;uS dforkoka
i<sljîka lk: ?k.kkS mi;ksxh gSA vkl djka ekaMhth gSa ftdh nslHkxrh] lektw ewY;]
dS fo}kau vj i<sljh nksuqoka esa vS rhuwa i;kZoj.k] [ksy] rht&R;wagkj] ilq&i{kh]
iksFkh lanHkZ xzaFk uS vè;;u xzaFk T;wa tyeHkkse jh egek vj çd`fr lwa tqfM+;ksM+h
cjrhtrh jSoSykA gSaA laxzS jh lxGh dforkoka ?k.kh jkspd vj
lkpkS lekykspd bZ okLro esa lcG Vkcjka uS çsfjr djuS vkxS c/kko.k okGh gSaA
lkfgR; jkS laokgd gqoSA lgh nhB jk[kf.k;kS dfo ek;M+ Hkklk isVS vsd ihM+ jk[kS vj ok
vkykspd rVLFk vj fujis[k Hkko lwa jpuk ihM+ Vkcjka esa bZ iSnk dj.kkS pkoSA b.kh ckr
uS dsanz esa jk[kuS jpuk jkS ewY;kadu djSA uS nhB esa jk[kuS dfo Vkcjka jS euksHkkoka
vSM+kS vkykspd jpuk jS vkNS ekM+S i[kka uS eqtc vS dforkoka ekaMh gSa ft.kuS ckaprh
m?kkM+.kS jh dwor jk[kS] gher jk[kSA vSM+h bZ cxr Vkcfj;ka jk eu fgyksjk yso.k ykxSA
Åjek lkFkS jktLFkkuh vkykspuk txr esa iksFkh jh Hkklk lgt vj ljy gSA dforkoka
vsd ukao mHkj uS lkEgha vk;kS gS& lkFkS Nfi;k lkso.kk&ekso.kka js[kkfprjkae
MkW- uhjt nb;kA b.k cjl vkbZ m.kka jh Vkcjka uS ?k.kk #prk gSA cky lkfgR; esa vk
vkykspuk iksFkh gS& ^fcuk gklyikbZ*A b.k iksFkh Lokxrtksx gS ft.kuS Vkcjka jSS i<.k
iksFkh esa fcuk gklyikbZ yxk;ka vk/kqfud lk: Ldwyka jk iqLrdky;ka esa jk[k.kh
jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh LoLFk vkykspuk gSA pkghtSA
MkW- nb;k vBS 25 dgk.khdkjka jS 55 b.kh cjl Nih cky lkfgR; jh vsd
dgk.kh&laxzS esa lwa 150 lwa cslh dgkf.k;ka uS vkSj iksFkh ns[k.k uS feyh& lh- ,y-
lkEgha jk[kuS vk[kh iksFkh jkS cstkS cq.;kS gSA lka[kyk jh ^pM+k&pM+h dh [ksrh*A b.k laxzS
MkW- nb;k dUuS vsd lqGf>;ksM+h vkykspuk esa 13 ckG&dgkf.k;ka HksGh gSa tdh ?k.kh
nhB vj ckr uS iwjS izHkko lkFkS dSo.k jkS ljl vj jkspd gSaA i.k 48 ikuka jh iksFkh
jkS eksy 75 fjfi;k cslh gSA Vkcjka lk: eksyokau iksFkh esa Hkkjr uS VkGuS fo”o jh 13
vkSj bZ cslhA Vkcjka lk: de lwa de eksy Hkklkoka jh rhl dgk.;ka jkS jktLFkkuh
esa ?k.kh lwa ?k.kh vkNh&vkNh iksF;ka Nki.kh vuqokn gSA Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka lkFkS jktLFkkuh
pkghtSA ft.klwa vko.k okGh ih<h vki.kh lkfgR; lk: vk xhjcStksx ckr gS dS
Hkklk vj laL—fr lwa tqM+h jSoSA iq"iyrk d';i ^Hkkjrh; Hkw&Hkkse jh VkGoka
jpukoŒh&lexz %& jktLFkkuh uoh dgkf.k;ka* vki.kS lkEgha Y;k;k gSA b.k iksFkh
dfork eka; vsd BkokS ukao gS “;ke egf’kZ esa Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka lwa vuqokn djhtsM+h 12
jkSA vkijh iSyh dkO; iksFkh ^mdGrh dgkf.k;ka gSA fo”o uS Hkkjrh; dFkk lkfgR;
vksdG* vj vcS jfo iqjksfgr jS laiknu esa uS jktLFkkuh eka; Y;ko.k lk: ysf[kdk
vkijh fljt.kk uS ljlkorkS lexz xazFk uS y[knknA
^mdGrh vksdG lwa miT;k vk[kj*A 384 laL—r jk ekuhrk fo}kau in~e “kkL=h jh
ikuka jkS vkS xzaFk dfo “;ke egf’kZ jh ewG laL—r —fr ^^fo”odFkk”krde~** esa nsl
fljt.kka uS vsdB :i eka; ikBdka lkEgha fonsl jh 100 VkGoh dFkkoka gSaA b.kh iksFkh
jk[kS ft.k lwa dfo jS lektw ljksdkjka jk jkS cuokjhyky ikjhd ûoy* ^lkS dS.kh
U;kjk&U;kjk i[kk lwa ikBd v:c: gqoSA txr jh* ukao lwa jktLFkkuh mYFkkS dfj;kS gSA
vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh lkfgR; eka; yksdrÙo nqfu;k jh VkGoha dFkkoka uS ckaprk&ckaprk bZ
vj jktLFkkuh uoh dfork jS i[kk ekFkS i<sljh jS varl eka; vk iksFkh VkGoh c.kuS
lks/k jh vikj laHkkouk “;ke egf’kZ jS Bkoh BkSM+ c.kk; ysoSA
lkfgR; esa lapjîksM+h gSaA lks/k djf.k;ka chdkusj jh tM+ka esa clrk dksydkrk
lk: vk ?k.kh egrkÅ iksFkh gSA b.k lexz izoklh dfo ekfud cPNkor jS fganh dkO;
xzaFk jS ekjQr vsd ywaBS dfo jS lkfgR; uS laxzS jkS vuqfljt.k mjekoku dof;=h
vkika vsd.k BkSM+ ckap ldkaA eksfudk xkSM+ ^b.k LgSj jk yksx* fljS ukao lwa
vuqokn %& ekSfyd ys[k.k lkFkS vuwfnr dfj;kS gSA dfork :i esa b.k iksFkh esa chdka.kS
lkfgR; Hkklk jh lcGkbZ lk: ?k.kkS t:jh jS feu[kka jkS feu[ki.kkS] m.kka jS tho.k jh
fOg;k djSA vuqokn lwa bZ nwth Hkklkoka jS vkQG] m.kka jk lkekftd ljksdkj vj
lkfgR; lkFkS ÅHk.k jh f[kerk jh fiNka.k lkaL—frd ewY;ka jkS thorkS tkxrkS fcac
gqoS vj ikBdka uS nwth Hkklkoka jkS lkfgR; c.kkbtkS gSA vBS vuqoknd ikBdka uS ewG
ckap.k uS feySA cjl 2014 eka; nwth dfork jkS jlkLokn djkoS vj vk bZ
Hkklkoka jh dsbZ jpukoka jk jktLFkkuh vuqoknd jh lQGrk ekuh tkoSA
vuqokn fOg;kA Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka jS lkfgR; jkts”k tks”kh jh ykach fganh dfork
uS flej/k dj.k lk: lkfgR; vdknseh] ^lejxkFkk* jkS jktLFkkuh mYFkkS ikjl
ubZ fnYyh vuqokn djok;uS iksF;ka NkiSA vjksM+k jkS dfj;ksM+kS b.k cjl NI;kS gSA
b.k cjl lkfgR; vdknseh dkauh lwa Nih ekDlZoknh fopkj/kkjka lwa tqfM+;ksM+k tks”kh jh
jktLFkkuh mYFkS jh rhu iksF;ka jh tka.kdkjh vk dfork lu~ 1976 esa fyf[k;ksM+h gSA
feyh gSA iSyh lS;n vCnqy efyd jS if=dkoka %& b.k cjl jktLFkkuh eas nks;
vlfe;k miU;kl jkS mYFkkS ^?kj ck;jkS* egrkÅ if=dkoka Ni.kkS l: OghA iz;kl
ukao lwa ?ku”;keukFk dPNkok dfj;kS gS] laLFkku] pw: dkauh lwa Ni.kokGh vS
nwth nsos”k jk; jS ckaXyk miU;kl jkS mYFkkS if=dkoka gSa& ^vkykspuk “kks/k if=dk*
^xkFkk frLrk ikj jh* ukao lwa —’.kk tk[kM+ ¼lkyh.kk½ vj ^yhyVkal* ¼frekgh½A
dfj;kS gS vj rhth yhyk/kj txwM+h jh fganh ^vkykspuk “kks/k if=dk* jktLFkkuh lkfgR;
iksFkh jkS mYFkkS ^dksbZ vsd thorkS NS* ukao lwa esa vkykspuk vj “kks/k jS c/kkiS lk: dkae
vkse ukxj dfj;kS gSA djSyk vj ^yhyVkal* ekSfyd jktLFkkuh
iq’iyrk d”;i b.k cjl nslh fonslh ys[k.k uS lkEgha Y;koSykA b.k :i esa vS Nkik
dgkf.k;ka jkS vuqokn djuS nks; iksF;ka R;kj jktLFkkuh jS uoS fljt.k uS vsd eap ns;uS
djh gSa& êwa?kh oSf”od dgkf.k;ka* vj b.kjh lk[k lokbZ djSykA ek.kd] dFkslj]
^Hkkjrh; Hkw&Hkkse jh VkGoha dgkf.k;ka*A vijap] jktLFkkuh xaxk] vksG[k]
iq"iyrk d';i jktLFkkuh ikBdka uS fo”o vuqfljt.k] jktLFkyh] e#/kkjk] fc.ktkjks
dFkk lkfgR; lwa v:c: djko.k jkS vsd vkn if=dkoka vkijS <ax<kGS Ni jS;h gSA
lkaoBkS dkae dfj;kS gS vj okS gS& ewa?kh dqjtka] xojtk] lwjrx< VkbEl] Vkcj
oSf”od dgkf.k;kaA dFkk lkfgR; jh b.k VksGh] nSfud ;qxi{k vkn dsbZ i=&if=dkoka
bZ gSa tdh jktLFkkuh jpukoka NkiuS] v.kvksirh ckr gSA vki.kh ek;M+ Hkklk vkt cjl 2014 uS ikNk ckoM+ uS ns[kka
fu;fer LraHk vj ikuka ns;uS ek;M+ jkS vj lkfgR; lk: vk v.kns[kh vkNh uha vj b.k cjl jS jpukRed lkfgR; jkS
ekau c/kkoSA vdkneh jh if=dk ^tkxrh gSA ljdkjh mnklhurk jS dkj.kS jktLFkkuh rGiV feykoka rkS b;ka y[kkoS dS vkS cjl
tksr* b.k lky can jS;hA Hkklk jh ekU;rk jkS eqÌkS bZ
lEeku&iq j Ldkj %& lkfgR; oBS jkS oBS iM+îkS gSA
vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh cjl 2014 jS jktLFkkuh Hkklk jh
lkyh.kS iqjLdkjka esa jktLFkkuh jkS laoS/kkfud ekurk jh
vdknseh iqjLdkj dFkkdkj jkeikyflag vkokt P;k:a dkauh lwa mB
jktiqjksfgr uS okajh iksFkh ^lqUnj uS.k jS;h gSA i.k laln esa cSBîk
lq/kk* ¼dgk.kh laxzS½ lk: nhjhtkS gSA nwtk cksGka uS dn lq.khtSyk\
iqjLdkjka esa ;qok iqjLdkj jktwjke jktLFkkuh jh laoS/kkfud
fctkjf.k;ka uS ^pky HkrwfG;k jsr jeka* ekurk uS mMhdrk&
¼dfork laxzS½] cky lkfgR; iqjLdkj mMhdrk jktLFkkuh jk
uhjt nb;k uS ^tknw jkS isu* ¼cky dFkk P;kj FkkaHkk b.k cjl
laxSz½] vuqokn iqjLdkj dSyk”k eaMsyk uS <S;X;kA jk.kh y{ehdqekjh
^dqjy dkO;* ¼rfey dfo fr:oyqoj jh pwaMkor] cStukFk iaokj]
dkO; iksFkh ^fr:dq:y*½ ekFkS nhjhtkS gSA vUukjke lqnkek vj
jktLFkku vslksfl;s”ku vkWQ ukWFkZ nsonkl jkadkorA gh;S r.kkS
vejhdk& dukMk ¼jkuk½ dkauh lwa fuo.kA
jktLFkkuh Hkklk jh ekurk] izpkj&izlkj cjl 2014 esa Nih
vj lao/kZu isVS mYys[ktksx dkjt lk: iksF;ka jh vaosj vBS b.k
nhjht.k okGkS in~eJh dUgS;kyky lsfB;k nhB lwa djhth gS dS
iqjLdkj b.k cjl tq>k: i=dkj] jktLFkkuh ys[k.k& izdkl.k
laiknd vj lkfgR;dkj eukst dqekj jkS vsd dPpkS fpÎkS ikBdka
Lokeh uS nhjhtkS gSA lkEgha vkoSA b.k vaosj uS
jktLFkkuh Hkklk] lkfgR; ,oa laL—fr VkGuS nwth iksF;ka Hkh Nih
vdkneh] chdkusj jh lxGh xfrfof/k;ka gqoSyk ft.kka jkS C;ksjkS uha vko.k jkS dkj.k jktLFkkuh ys[ku&izdkl.k isVS dha eksGkS
BIi jS;h] b.kh dkj.kS iqjLdkj bZ uha Qxr vj Qxr iksFkh ckcr v.ktak.k jS;kSA vkl djka dS vkorS cjl vk deh
nhjhtkA vk ljdkj fd;ka lksoS] OgS.kkS bZ gSA iwjhtSykA

jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh /;kau&tkrjk % dFkkdkj Hkjr vksÿk
ekypan frokM+h
dgk.khdkj cqf>;ksM+S cxr uS ikNkS dj.kh Bhd jS;lhA ^xkHkkpksj* fljSukao jh

psru djS vj m.kjS pkau.kS eka; b.k dgk.kh jkS dFkkud lko vNwrkS gkSA
feu[khpkjS jS lukru :i jh vksG[kka.k feu[k jS ;kSu&fopy.k vj ;kSu&dqaBk uS
dj.k uS [kiSA vkt rkabZ fd.kh jktLFkkuh dgk.khdkj
&MkW- vtqZunso pkj.k vkijh dgk.kh jS fol; jS :i eka; uha
pq.;kSA feu[k jh nC;ksM+h dkae&Hkkouk jkS vkS
jktLFkkuh dFkkdkj Hkjr vksGk jkS iSykS vsd lko uokS [kqyklkS gkSA jktLFkkuh jk
dgk.kh laxzS lu~ 1998 esa vk;kS gkS& ^tho fljS dFkkdkj Lo- jkes”ojn;ky JhekGh
jh tkr*A b.k laxzS ekFkS okauS cjl 2002 jkS b.k dgk.kh ekFkS vkijh Vhi b.k eqtc njt
lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj feyX;kSA b;ka djh& ^^xkHkkpksj Hkjr vksGk jh blh dgk.kh
ykX;kS] tka.kS ikaoMkS c/kkork bZ eaty lkEgha gS ftdh fol; jh nhB lwa lko vcksV gSA ;wa
vk; ÅHkh gqoSA vkS fN.k ?k.kkS [krjukd gkSA rkS jktLFkkuh esa feu[kka jS euksfoX;ku uS
OgS ldS gkS dS Hkjr vksGk vkxS fy[krk bZ uha ys;uS fujh bZ dgkf.k;ka fy[khth gS] i.k
dS Hkksr de fy[krkA i.k jktLFkkuh dgk.kh fdlksj mej jS dke&euksfoX;ku uS ys;*j
jkS lkSHkkx le>kS dS Hkjr vksGk yxkSyx vk vkijS Hkkar jh vuwBh dgk.kh gSA**
fy[krk jS;kA lu~ 2004 esa okajkS nwtkS vBS bZ EgkjS eu eka; vsd loky ÅHkkS
“ ekypa n frokM+ h dgk.kh laxzS ^lsDVj ua- 5* jS ukao lwa vk;kSA gqoSA dkabZ Qxr fol; jS vk/kkj ekFkS bZ dksbZ
b.k eka; 17 dgkf.k;ka ghA fy[k.k jh b.kh dgk.kh ^vkijS Hkkar jh vuwBh dgk.kh* c.k
19 ekpZ 1958 esa tyeA jktLFkkuh gVkSVh vj yxu eka; lu~ 2009 eka; okajkS ldS gS\ dgk.kh uS fy[k.k jh dGk vj m.kuS
jk fljS ukao fy[kkjka eka; lwa vsdA
jktLFkkuh dgk.kh vj dfork esa
miU;kl ^?kqGxkaB* vj lu~ 2013 esa okajkS lk/k.kS jk fofo/k i[kk jh dkabZ fol; jS
pkokS&BkokS ukaoA ^/kMan*] ^lsyhczs'ku* vsd vuwBkS vj iz;ksxlhy dgk.kh laxzS uoknSi.k jS lkEgha dksbZ vkSdkr bZ uha\ EgSa
pkok dFkk laxzS] ^HkksGko.k* y?kq miU;kl] ^Hkwr* bZ NiX;kSA b.k cjl] erGc dS EgkjS loky uS Hkjr vksGk jh dgk.kh
^mrjîkS gS vkHkkS* jktLFkkuh dfork laxzSA 2015 esa Qs:a okajS iSyM+S miU;kl jkS nwtkS ^xkHkkpksj* ekFkS ykxw djuS b.k jh oSfyfMVh
johanzukFk Bkdqj jh xhrkatGh lesr mYFkS Hkkx ^?kqGxkaB ekFkS ?kqGxkaB* vj vsd uokS ¼oS/krk½ uS ij[k.kh pkowaA Hkjr vksGk
isVS bZ tltksx dkaeA fganh esa bZ n[kyA dgk.kh laxzS ^fdÙkh dgk.kh [kre* bZ NiX;kS ^xkHkkpksj* dgk.kh jh l:vkr b.k <kGS
^cks:ank Mk;jh* lwa vka fnuka [kklk ppkZ gSA fy[k.k jh yxu vj vkijS iz;ksx/kjeh djS&
fcpkGSA lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj] mNko jS cGcwrS vkt oS jktLFkkuh&fganh ^^vSM+kS tcjkS pksj rkS vkt rkabZ lq.;kS bZ
lw;ZeYy ehl.k f'k[kj iqjLdkj lesr dgk.kh jk ?k.kk pedhyk gLrk{kj gSA uhaA dksbZ chl ?kjka eka; pksjh gqxhA pksjh bZ
?k.kk bukae&bdjkaeA lkfgR; vdknseh] ^?kqGxkaB* miU;kl jk fganh] ejkBh vj uqaoS Hkkar jhA u Vwe&Bhdjh fudGS] uha
ubZ fnYyh esa jktLFkkuh Hkk"kk ijke'kZ iatkch eka; mYFkk bZ iksFkh:i esa Ni pqD;k #fi;kS&ihlkSA pksjh gqoS Qdr xkHkka jhA**
eaMy jk ikap cjl rka.kh la;kstd bZ gSA okajh jktLFkkuh eka; v.kwrh pjfpr b.k iSjkxzkQ esa dgk.khdkj tdh ikap
jS;kA dgkf.k;ka ^xkHkkpksj*] ^nwjch.k*] ^:iyh* vksGÓka uS vsd jS iNS vsd fy[kh gS] dkabZ oS
fBdk.kkS
vkn Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka esa bZ mYFkS jS lhxS ?k.kh lko vuo/kkau esa bZ m.k jh dye lwa dkxn
izgsfydk ljkbth gSA okajh VkGoha jktLFkkuh ekFkS mrjxh\ EguS vSM+kS uha ykxSA EguS ykxS]
lksufxjh dqvka
chdkusj
dgkf.k;ka jkS vsd ladyu fganh mYFkS esa bZ okD;ka jh c.kxV vj Øe jS ykjS dksbZ u
94600 22824 Ni pqD;kS gSA dSo.k jkS erGc vkS gS dS dksbZ vuqfparu vkijkS dkae djÓkS gSA b.k lwa
Hkjr vksGk jktLFkkuh eka; dgkf.k;ka vkxyS iSjkxzkQ eka; Hkjr vksGk pksjh jS b.k
fy[kuS vsd vf[ky Hkkjrh; vksG[kka.k ?kVukØe ekFkS xkaookGka jh fljksGh izfrfØ;k
gkly dj yhUgh gSA bZ njt djSA xkao jS fljksGS euksfoX;kau uS oS
EguS ykxS dS vcS okajkS vsd vkoxkS ft.k Hkklk&oSokj eka; vkadS] dkabZ m.k eka;
ewY;kadu djht.kkS ykteh gSA EgSa b.k fd.kh rjS jh ys[kdh; lkopsrh ekStwn uha gS\
vkys[k eka; vkS bZ dj.k jkS fuLpS djÓkS gSA ok dkabZ rkdr gS dS Hkjr vksGk jS fy[;S lwa
okajS iSyS dgk.kh laxzS jh vsd dgk.kh uS ?k.kh vkika ?kVuk vj xkao jS feu[kka jS euka
ljko.kk feGh ghA l:vkr b.kh dgk.kh lwa chpyS xuS uS b.k <kGS p:M+ gqorkS ns[kka dS

vSM+S ekSdka ekFkS feu[k jS eu esa mit.k cjrko gqoS] pkoS ?kVukoka jkS la;kstu& Bhd bZ dSoS] ^dgk.kh fljt.kk jh ikNh
okGS lwxyS jl jkS dksbZ yijdkS vkika jh fd.kh rjS jh cs/;kauh jh xqatkbl uha NksMSA fljt.kk gSA* vsd ns[kh&HkkGh nqfu;k uS bZ
thHk rkabZ bZ vk; iwxSA Hkjr vksGk fy[kS& dgk.kh fy[k.kkS vsd /;kau jh izfØ;k gSA rkS dgk.khdkj dgk.kh esa ikNh fljtSA vkS
^^:ikjke jh tksM+k;r jk Ugko.k?kj jh b.k /;kau jh rqyuk lk: xkSre cq) jkS ikNkS fljt.kkS ?k.kkS nkSjkS dkae gqoSA vkS
MksGh lwa xkHkk pdhT;k rkS ckr xj.kkV vsd nk[kykS nso.kkS Bhd jS;lhA dSoS dS dgk.khdkj jS vkijS lkEgha ekStwn nqfu;k jS
p<xhA ewaMk ftÙkh ckrkaA dksbZ dSoS] Vw.kkS Hkxoku cq) vsdj vkijS psyka HksGk fd.kh ns[k.kS ekFkS bZ fujHkj djSA dSoS dS egkau
dj.kvkGkS ys;X;kS rkS nwtkS dSoS] dksbZ jksgh jS ekjx lwa tkoS gkA pk.kpd vsd dgk.khdkj eksiklka vkijS xq# ¶ykcs;j
vkfld cankS iwX;kS nhlS rkS rhtS jk v<kbZ mMarw dhV okajS yhykM+ ekFkS vk; cSBÓkSA dUuS dgk.kh jh dGk lh[k.k lk: x;kA
pkoG U;kjk bZ ja/khtS dS xkHkk pdhT;k bZ cq) pkyrk&pkyrk bZ m.kuS gkFk lwa ifj;ka tn xq# okauS vsd r; vkarjS ekFkS HksT;kS
uha( b± ckr esa dksbZ jkt gSA i.k lkph vk gVk; nhUgkSA i.k dsbZd ikaoMk pkY;ka iNS vj ikNkS vk;ka cwÖ;kS] ^^crk] dkabZ&dkabZ
dS xkHkk rkS pdhT;k bZ pdhT;kA** cq) FkeX;kA ikNk eqM+uS lkxh m.k BkSM+ ns[;kS\** rkS dksbZ vsd eghuS vsd bZ ftX;ka
b.k Hkklk esa vsd vyk;nh vj vk;k tBS dhV okajS yhykM+ ekFkS cSBÓkS jk pDdj dkVÓka iNS ¶ykcs;j eksiklka jS
fujokGh y; gS ftdh Hkjr vksGk dgk.kh gkSA cq) L;kar Hkko lwa vka[;ka ehph vj crk;ksM+S lwa dha&dha larq’V futj vk;kA
jh ekax jS eqtc vkijh dgkf.k;ka esa dsbZ& dhV uS gkFk lwa ifj;ka gVko.k jh fØ;k Qsj dgk.khdkj jS ns[k.kS esa lq.k.kkS bZ
dsbZ rjS lwa fljtrk futj vkoSA vsd ckr vsdj Qs:a djhA b.k iNS oS Qs:a pky lkey gqoSA vly ckr rkS vk gS dS
[kkl /;kau nso.k jh Qs:a gS dS Hkjr iM+ÓkA psyka jS xq# jkS vkS ckSikj tkcd bZ dgk.khdkj okS gqoS ftdS esa vka[;ka lwa
jkS tksj brjkS C;kSjka ekFkS uha jSoS( oS lq.kuS vj dkuka lwa ns[k.k jh f[kerk
laoknka vj okajS HksGS pfj=ka jh ekStwn gqoSA dgk.khdkj jS ns[;S&
Hkafxekoka jk ukUgk&ukUgk C;kSjka lwa lq.;S jh vk f[kerk bZ m.k jh
dgk.kh jS lSewanS ifjosl uS [kM+kS dgk.kh uS thorh&tkxrh jpuk
djrk pkySA vsd bZ pfj= jS Loxr c.kkoSA m.kjh vk f[kerk bZ m.k jh
laoknka uS bZ oS [kwc cjrSA dgk.kh uS okS vnhB QqVjkikS vj
^xkHkkpksj* dgk.kh esa pksj eksM+kS ÅaMkS vlj lwaiS ftdkS dgk.kh uS
lkEgha vkoSA i.k Hkjr vksGk vkijS ckaprh osGk ikBd jS eu ekFkS
ikBd lkEgha m.kuS rn bZ Y;k; mrjÓk djSA vk f[kerk bZ Hkjr
ÅHkkS djS tndS dgk.kh esa gky pksj vksGk uS vsd [kkarhyS dFkkdkj jS
:i m.kjh vksG[k vtsl ckdh gSA :i esa lkEgha ys;uS vkoSA okajh
m.k ekFkS vtS pksjh jkS bytkae uha lxGh dgkf.k;ka vj miU;kl
gSA m.kjh iSyM+h fNc dgk.kh esa b.k yxSVxS vsd bZ ^yksdsy*& jktLFkku
rjS njt gS& jS [ksrh[kM+ bykdS guqekux< ftyS
^^lksprkS&fopkjrkS EgSa Ldwy jh Åit gSA oka L;kr~ bZ dnSbZ vkijS
iwX;kS rkS iSyhiksr pijklh ifjosl lwa ckjyS fd.kh ekuoh;
egsldqekj lwa Egkjk HksaVk gks;kA vuqHko esa mrjuS dksbZ dFkk jph
gesl jh Hkkar okS vkijS toku ewaMS gq;lhA i.k vkijS ifjosl jS lkFkS
Åxrh xweM+h uS vaxwBS vj vkaxGh okajkS lxi.k bÙkkS lka?k.kkS vj
fcpkGS ihapS gkSA cha jS ewaMS ekFkS ck cgqvk;keh gS dS m.kka b.k y?kq esa bZ
bZ lkx.k [khaphT;ksM+h mMhd ghA ekuoh; vuqHkoka jk fojkV v/;k;
dhy uhlj.k jS lepS gkso.kvkGS jp.k jh f[kerk gkly djyh gSA
tholksjS jh vcksV mMhd!** vkijS ifjosl jh bÙkh laosnuk&l?ku
b.k iSyS nhBko esa ^pijklh cki vj fofo/koj.kh Nfo;ka oka vkijh
jS ejÓka iNS eqvkotS esa pijklh dgkf.k;ka esa jph gS dS oS b.k vapG
ykX;kS uwaokS NksjkS egsl* b.k :i jS tho.k jk vsd vizfre fprsjS jS
le> uha vk;kSA vklze iwX;ka iNS
lkEgha vkoS dS m.k jh dkae&Hkkouk] m.kjkS :i eka; Hkkjrh; dFkk&lkfgR; jh
vsd psykS b.k ckcr cwÖ;kS] rkS cq)
ruko vj ruko jS fojspu jh m.kjh flej/krk esa tksxnkau lk: [;krukao
crk;kS] îSyh osGk EgSa dhV uS fcuk dksbZ
vkQG vkn vsd ltho :id esa ikBd jS gqo.k ykX;k gSA
fxukj djÓka ¼vuo/kku½ mMk; nhUgkS gkSA
fpr&eu ekFkS eaM tkoSA vk Hkjr jh dFkk b.k nhB lwa okajkS nl dgkf.k;ka jkS laxzS
b.kuS ikNkS fxukj ¼/;kau½ esa Y;ko.k lk:
jS rkuS&ckuS uS jp.k jh lkopsrh gSA vk bZ ^Hkwr* [kkl :i lwa mYys[ktksx gSA vkS
m.kh ftX;ka tk;uS nwlj mMk;kSA*
dgk.kh fy[k.kS jh dGk gSA vk dGk vkijS okajkS vsd dFkkRed iz;ksx bZ dS;kS tk;
vsd dgk.khdkj lk: b.k /;kau jk vsdS
jpf;rk lwa ekax djS dS okS vkijS dgk.kh ldSA vkijS iz;ksx jS Lrj ekFkS vkS vsd
lkxS dsbZ lhxk gqoSA MkW- vtqZunso pkj.k
fy[k.kS esa fd.kh bZ lhxS& pkoS Hkklk jkS Hkkar jh O;ogk;Z dGk erGc ^vsIiykbM
vkVZ* jkS nk[kykS gSA gq; ldS gkS dS b.k ^Vwe] /kudksjh vj vkx&cyk*A /kudksjh fryksdkS lqukj rd pkorS FkdS bZ m.kuS uha
eka; dGk jh gka.k bZ gq; tkorhA i.k Hkjr ukao jh cky&fo/kok vkijS gkykr jS gkFkka cw> ldS dS vS xS.kka m.k dUuS vk;k dBS
vksGk b.k iz;ksx eka; dGk jh ejtkn uS etcwj gq;uS tka.kS vkijS psrS jS ijckj uha lwa\ dgk.kh jS NsgyS nhBko eka; xS.kka
cpk;uS jk[k.k eka; ÅapS njtS jh lQGrk Qxr vsd ^Hkwr* uS tye nsoS] b;kadS ?kM+uk fn;ka iNS /kudksjh vkrefoLokl jS
gkly djh gSA vsd rkS vk vkijh m.kuS lksGg cjl rkabZ ikG&iks[kuS eksVkS lkxS b.k <kGS eq[kkfrc gS&
fol;&oLrq jS vkdlZ.k lwa ?k.kh iBuh; bZ dj nsoSA xkao esa dklh jh cgw jh lanwd ^^dkdk vkS! xke jk dSoS dS dklh jh
Ñfr c.kxh gSA b.kjh iBuh;rk foX;kau& eka; lwa xS.kka pksjh gqoS& gesy] eksgj] cgw ckoGh gks;xhA blh L;k.kh yqxkbZ dnS
dFkkoka jS Lrj jh gSA Hkjr vksGk vka xGljh] Vìk vj cwtyh&dkaVkA dgk.kh ckoGh gks;k djS\ vcS dkdk] EgSa vkijS
dFkkoka uS dha b.k Hkkar fy[kh gS dS Hkwrka jkS ikNh l: gqoS tn /kudksjh vS lxGk xS.kka ewaMS lwa rkS fd;ka dSowa dS ok pksjVh cafr;S jh
dksbZ vkikS gS dS uha] vkS [kkl loky bZ vka ?kVuk jS 16 cjl iNS fryksdS lqukj lkEgha cgw gS lss/kSA ekM+kS ikM+kSlh rkS ekM+kS bZ ekM+kSA
dFkkoka eka; xkS.k gq;uS jS;X;kS gSA Hkwrka jkS vkijh daokjh csVh jS C;kao jk uok xS.kk ejsM+kS bZ ls/kSA**
mRikr HkykabZ feu[kka jh ckjyh nqfu;k eka; ?kM+ko.k lk: ys; tk; /kjSA lqukj fryksdkS fryksdkS vsd ykackS flldkjkS ekjÓkSA
futj vkorkS gqoS] i.k okajh vly vkijS gkFkka ?kM+ÓksM+k vka xS.kka uS fiNka.k cksy.kkS pkoS gkS] i.k thHk rkGoS jS fpixhA
tyeHkkse rkS feu[k jkS eu bZ gq;k djS gSA ysoSA pksjh jh ?kVuk vj m.k iNS jkS lxGkS gher djuS ikx laHkkGh vj /kudksjh jS
Hkjr vksGk vka dgkf.k;ka eka; tka.kS b.kh ?kVukØe cw<S lqukj fryksdS jS eka; ikNkS eqaMS dkuh tks;kSA
izfrX;k uS vkijkS lko lqFkjkS dF; c.kk;kS ijr[k gqorkS tkoSA vHkko feu[k uS fd.k /kudksjh cksY;ka cxS gh] ^^dkdk
gSA i.k dF; jh b.k lqFkjkbZ jS vkS! lr jh ekfu;kS! EgSa rkS jke lwa
ckotwn vka dgkf.k;ka jkS jpukRed MjuS cksywaA HkfG;k jS lkr flyke--
rkaukS&ckaukS ?k.kkS laf”y’V vj - vkx&cyk ekyd nwj bZ jk[kS!**
dlkoV fy;ksM+kS gSA vka eka; fd.kh fryksdkS /kudksjh jS eqaMS dkauh
Hkkar jkS euksoSX;kfud [kqyklkS uha ns[;kSA vki dkauh b.k Hkkar fryksdS
gSA vycÙkk dgk.khdkj vBS feu[k uS tksork ns[kuS ok cksyh] ^^rkS
jS dUuS tdkS dha gS vj tdkS m.kjkS dkdk] EgSa pkywaA ck;yh jS C;kg rkabZ
dkE; gS] m.kka jS chpyS varjkG ?kM+ nsb;kS vj nsf[k;kS lwy ?kfM+;kSA
eka; mrj.kS jh dkslhl djSA b.k dU;k jS tko.kkS gS] dnS---\**
eka; pfj=ka jS oS;fDrd vj m.kjS vxyk VIik ok Vwek nkabZ fxVxhA
vksGS&nksGS jh nqfu;k jS fljksGS b.k dgk.kh esa Hkjr vksGk jh
euksfoX;kau jh xSjh vj vpwd fuLlaxrk ns[k.ktksx gSA dgk.kh esa
le> m.k jh enn djSA dgk.kh okajh ekStwnxh vksG[khtS bZ uhaA pksjh
fy[k.k jS vkaVS vj pfj=ka jh iNS xkao esa ftrjh rjS jh fØ;k&
rdyhQ jS lkFkS vsd rVLFk izfrfØ;k gqoS] m.kjkS vn~Hkqr fuLlax
lgkuqHkwfr jS pkyrka vS dgkf.k;ka vj ukVdh; fp=.k vsd vSM+S
vkijkS vsd U;kjkS&fujokGkS :i d#.k reklS jkS ekgkSy jpS ft.kesa
ys;uS vkika jS lkEgha vkoSA dS;kS dgk.khdkj jh Hkwfedk Qxr vsd
tk; ldS gS dS vka dgkf.k;ka eka; rVLFk n”kZd Hkj jh gSA dksbZ nkokS
fopkj vsd dFkk&vuqHko] tdkS uha] dksbZ R;kj urhtkS uha vj uha bZ
izdkjkarj lwa dGk&vuqHko i.k gS] dksbZ rjdka ?kM+ÓkS [kqyklkS] i.k Qsj
eka; :ikarfjr gqorkS fuxS vkoSA vkS bZ lkp ijr&nj&ijr m?kM+Óka cxSA
:ikarj.k lSy dkae uha gkSA iNS EgSa Hkjr vksGk jS iSyS dgk.kh
vsdk/k lQG&vQG iz;ksx rkS laxzS ^tho jh tkr* ekFkS Vhi djrka
djîkS bZ tk; ldS gkS] i.k vka lko fy[;kS gkS dS Hkjr vksGk jh
vyk;nh nl Hkwr&yhykoka jk elka.k dgkf.k;ka vkijS ifjosl jk okflank
<kGS m.kjS feu[ki.kS lwa csn[ky djuS
txko.k jkS vkS dFkk&/khjt mfpr ljko.kk jk yksx&yqxk;ka jS liuk ij liuk ns[k.k
m.kuS lSrkau c.kk; nsoS] b.k ckr jkS vsd
jh ekax rkS jk[kS bZ gSA vkijS pkrjd okGh gwal jh nqfu;k gSA Hkjr jkS vkijh
d#.k [kqyklkS gS vk dgk.khA >wB vj
dysoj esa vS dFkkoka feu[k jS m.k nq[k b.k nqfu;k lkxS vsd [kklkS ^vkWCtsfDVo*
iM+iap lwa pksjh jkS bytkae vsd fujnks[k
lkxS xSjkS laosnukRed fjLrkS dk;e djS fdLe jkS xSj&Hkkoqd yxko gSA b.kh yxko
yqxkbZ ekFkS vk;n gqoSA ok yqxkbZ efV;kS
ftdS uS vkt jS b.k oSX;kfud tqx eka; bZ jS cycwrS Hkjr vksGk vkijh Hkklk dekbZ
rsy Ugka[kuS cG tkoSA ok bZ Hkwr c.kSA
yksx vksijh Nh;ka dS iNS izsrck/kk jkS ukao gSA guqekux< jktLFkku jkS vsd vSM+kS
dgk.khdkj brjS dykRed vj ijks[k <kGS
ns;uS iYykS >M+dk; fy;k djSA vapG gS tBS jh jktLFkkuh vkijh ikM+ksl
/kudksjh jS fdjnkj uS m?kkM+ÓkS gS dS
b.k laxzS jh vsd tcjnLr dgk.kh gS& jh gfj;k.koh vj ckxM+h vkn cksY;ka lkxS
geslk cksy&carG djrh jSoSA b.k carG jkS m?kkM+uS m.kjkS euksoSX;kfud foLysl.k vsd iSjkxzkQ esa jkeslj jh vk fNc ns[k.k
vlj b.k lwcS jh Hkklk ekFkS ijr[k futj dksbZ lcG jpukdkj bZ dj ldSA dksbZ tksx gS&
vkoSA ygtS] lcnka] eqgkojka vkn esa bZ vkS dgk.khdkj ts ik=ka jS eu esa b.k Hkkar jh ^^jkeslj esjkS yaxksfV;kS ;kjA ikapoha
vlj ns[;kS tk; ldSA vsd [kkl rjS jkS Ågkiksg Åitk; nsoS dS ikBd vkijh rkabZ lkxS bZ i<ÓkSA gks rkS tye lwa bZ
csykSli.kkS b.k bykdS jh Hkklk jh lkalk fclkjuS oka ik=ka jkS tho.k tho.kS HkksGkS&<kGkS] i.k T;wa&T;wa yackS c/krkS x;kS]
vfHkO;fDr jh fiNka.k gSA Hkjr vksGk b.k ykxS rkS vk m.kjS jpko jh ?k.kh egrkow R;wa&R;wa vDdy phyS mrjrh xbZA eka&cki
HkklkbZ nhBko esa lwa vkijh vsd uoh miyfCèk gq;k djSA b.k nhB lwa Hkjr vksGk jS jke uS I;kjk gq;ka iNS HkkbZ&HkkHkh bZ
dFkk&Hkklk bZ dekbZ gSA feu[k jS jh vS dgkf.k;ka jktLFkkuh dgk.kh uS uoh tsoM+h dk< cxkbZA vc fQjS gS fljdk:
eukstxr vj Hkko&txr esa xSjh iSB fnlk jkS ladsr gSA lkaM&lksA tho djS cha jk Mkaxj uhj ns]
c.kko.k lk: m.kjh Hkklk esa je.kkS ?k.kkS Hkjr vksGk jS nwtS dgk.kh laxzS ^lsDVj tho djS cha jh rwM+h Nk.k ns] tho djS cha jS
t:jh gqoSA Hkklk vsd rjS lwa laLÑfr jkS ua- 5* jh dsbZ dgkf.k;ka [kwc ljkbthA vka [ksr esa tksêks ejk ns vj tho djS cBS bZ
mf.k;kjkS gq;k djSA Hkjr vksGk b.k vapG esa Hkjr jh dFkk&Hkklk vkijh iwjh jaxr vkyh&lhyh [kk;*j ik.kh ih;ysA mej
jh Hkklk jS yckS&ygtS uS jktLFkkuh x| jkS ekFkS gSA dgk.kh îki vj iqUu* jkS jkeslj pkGhl jS vM+S&xM+SA eSy lwa VwVrkS xwxGkS
vsd vVwV val c.kk; fn;kS gSA b.k :i esa vsd foy{k.k pfj= gSA voSokfjdrk jh itkekS vj jaxhy cqjlVA vksGka jh QsaV esa
oS jktLFkkuh jk vsd [kkl vkapfGd lhao rkabZ ljy vj Vkcj jh tkr fu’iki vk;sM+h desM+h&lks MhyA dwjM+&dkcjka dsl
dFkkdkj i.k gSA b.kht vapG jk jkeslj jkS pfj=kadu lkSjkS uha gkSA vj Nkij jS rky&lks ewaMksA nk<h rkS
jkeLo:i fdlku] lR;ukjk;.k jksthuk dq.k c.kkbZ ykbZ jhA [kqn bZ
lksuh vj esgjpan /kkew bZ vkS bZ vkaxGh jS iksjoka lwa jM+dk&jM+dk*j
dkae djÓkS gSA vly eka; vS nk<h jk [kwaVk VksorkS jSoS vj yk/;ka
lxGk dgk.khdkj vapG jS vsd tM+ lwa dk<*j bZ fiaMkS NksMSA**
xkao ijyhdk lwa vkoSA vka P;kj lcn] eqgkojk vj miek vkn esa
dFkkdkjka jh dgkf.k;ka lk: LFkkuh;rk jkS BkB b.k jkeslj jh
îjyhdk Ldwy jh dgkf.k;ka* tSM+kS rlohj esa ns[k.ktksx gSA b;ka ykxS
vsd fljksGkS folsl.k bZ pkokS jS;kS tka.kS Hkklk Hkjr vksGk jh gktjh esa
gSA Hkjr vksGk b.k Ldwy jk lS lwa ÅHkh jSoS vj ekSdS ekFkS okajh dye
lcG dgk.khdkj& ek=k vj lwa dkxn ekFkS mrj.k esa tkcd nsj
xq.koÙkk nksuwa bZ dlkSfV;ka ekFkS& uha yxkoSA laxzS jh êquknh*]
ekU;k tkork jS;k gSA b.k Ldwy jk ^nwjch.k*] ^Vksu] eEek vj Mksdjh*]
vsd vkS:a izfrfuf/k dFkkdkj ^Mk;eaM* vj ^:iyh* dgkf.k;ka
lR;ukjk;.k lksuh jh Hkjr vksGk jS vuqHko jh nhB lwa twa.k jk U;kjk&
iSyS dgk.kh laxzS ^tho jh tkr* jS U;kjk mf.k;kjk m?kkM+rh dgkf.k;ka
cYcZ ekFkS njt vk lEefr gSA êquknh* vsd [kqnxjt feu[k jh
mYys[ktksx gS& dgk.kh gS ftdkS vkijS lk: jkstxkj
^^tho.k jh vc[kk;ka uS mdsj.kkS jS lGw lkVS dLcS jS lkaiznkf;d
lks*jkS i.k ekuo eu jh iM+rka nj veu&peu jh HkSal ekj nsoSA
iM+rka m?kkM+*j okajkS euksoSKkfud ^nwjch.k* vsd fxjLFk feu[k jh
fo”ys’k.k dksbZ lcGkS bZ jpukdkj yaiVrk jh dgk.kh gSA Vkcj esGS esa
dj ldSA dksbZ dgk.khdkj ts ik=ka ^nwjch.k* yso.k jh ftn djS tn okS
jS eu eka; b.k Hkkar jh ?kjG&ejG VkG nsoS] i.k MkxGS ekFkS lwa ikM+ksl
mitkoS dS ikBd vkijh /kM+duka& esa Ugkaorh vsd yqxkbZ uS uSM+S lwa
lkalka uS Hkwy*j m.k ik= jh ns[k.k lk: Vkcj uS vsd uoh
ftuxk.kh tho.k ykxS rkS m.k jpko nwjch.k nhjkoSA vsd fnu Vkcj jS
nksLrks;OLdh vkijS dkGthr miU;kl
jh vk egrkÅ lQyrk ekuh tkoSA b.k Bksdj [kk;uS iM+Óka lwa vk ^nwjch.k* VwV
^bZfM;V* jS lanHkZ eka; fy[;kS gS dS vsd
nhB lwa Hkjr vksGk jh vS dgkf.k;ka tkoS tn okS Vkcj ekFkS gkFk mBkoSA vk
vSM+S feu[k jkS fp=kadu] ft.kjkS cqjkbZ ukao
jktLFkkuh dgk.kh uS uwaoh fn”kk nsoSA vksGk dgk.kh eaVks jh dsbZ csckd dgkf.k;ka jh
jh pht lwa dnSbZ lkcdkS bZ uha iM+ÓkS gkS]
jh vkijh U;kjh&fujokGh “kSyh( i.k Hkklk ;kn nhjkoSA
EgkjS lk: b.k dgk.kh uS fy[k.k jh lS lwa
jh vsd:irk jh nhB lwa dBS bZ dksbZ deh ^Vksu] eEek vj Mksdjh* vk/kqfudrk jS
cMh pqukSrh ghA Hkjr vksGk fu’iki d#.k
uha y[kkoSA** v/kdpjS ew< l:i uS m?kkM+SA dgk.kh jh
jh ewjr jkeslj uS vkijh b.k dgk.kh esa
tho.k jh vc[kk;ka jkS oj.kko lkSjkS gS] eEek vkijS nks; lky jS csVS Vksu uS fxaokj
tjk&ej.k lwa lko lqjf{kr dj fn;kS gSA
i.k feu[k jS eu uS ijr&nj&ijr c.k.k lwa cpko.k jS pDdj esa m.k jh nknh
lwa vGxkS jk[kSA nknh jkS iksrS lk: eksg MksjkA xGS eka; dkGS rkxS esa iks;ksM+kS tkoSA :iyh b.k NksVh&lh dgk.kh jS
m.kuS n;uh; c.kk nsoSA ^Mk;eaM* rkchtA yydkj ekjS rkS jsoM+ uS lkxh va/kkjS eka; lwa vsd Tokyk jh Hkkar mBrh
rFkkdfFkr daifu;ka jS dwV&O;kikj jh BkSM+ Fkke nsoSA futj vkoSA
pisV esa vk;ksM+S vsd ukStoku vj ftrjsd ÅaV xjGk;kSA tk.kS :iyh jS vkijS vapG jh Hkklk eka; /kM+drS
i<ÓS&fy[;S fdjlka.k jh csgrj ftanxka.kh ehBk liuk uS yydkjÓkS gqoSA :iyh lSewnS ekuoh tho.k jk Hkjr vksGk
jh rykl jh d#.k&dFkk gSA okS vkijS bZ ykackS&lkS flldkjkS ekjÓkSA izfrfuf/k dgk.khdkj gSA okajh ^naxkbZ*]
vsd iqjka.kS csyh jS fn[kk;ksM+S fnokLoIu uS ^^vsd lkcr jsoM+A** L;karM+h Qs:a ;kn ^fcuk “kh’kZd jh dgk.kh* vj dha gn rkabZ
lkp ekuuS Bxht tkoSA dgk.kh jh =kln nhjk;kSA êquknh* tSM+h dgkf.k;ka vapG jk eqfLye
foMacuk vk gS dS m.kuS Bx.k okGkS bZ b.k dgk.kh eka; jkr] va/kkjkS vj lwusM+ okflanka jS lq[k&nq[k jh Nfo;ka mdsjrh fuxS
vSM+h Bxh jkS bZ fldkj gS vj vsd izPNUu ifjosl uS b.k <kGS fljtS dS oS lxGk vkoSA ^fcuk “kh’kZd jh dgk.kh* cdjhn jS
izfrfgalk m.kuS vkijS bZ csyh jkS xGkS feyuS vsd :id jkS vkdkj ysork tkoSA Vka.kS nhjht.k okGh dqjckauh jkS vsd
dkV.k lk: etcwj dj jS;h gSA vk b.kuS ckapuS EguSa izsepan jh îwl jh jkr* dk#f.kd vk[;kau gSA eEew m.k cdjS jkS
dgk.kh [ksrhckM+h jh fnuwafnu cnGhtrh jkS ifjosl psrS vk;X;kSA :iyh b.k va/kkjS ukao gS ft.kuS cdjhn ekFkS dqjckauh nso.k
ifjfLFkfr;ka vj okajh fdjlka.k ekFkS iM+.k uS Nsd.k jh vj b.k lqusM+ uS Hkkax.k jh lk: ikGht jS;kS gSA lyek b.k ?kj jh
okGh ekj jkS bZ =kln fojrkar gSA rsoM+SA ok ukStokau uS txkoS vj vkijh vsd ukUgh Nksjh gSA ok vkijS eEew jS
b.k laxzS jh dgk.kh ^:iyh* uS ykM&nqykj esa [kks;ksM+h jSoSA ok b.k lkp uS
jktLFkkuh eka; L=h&foe”kZ jh vsd bZ vkNh rjS tka.kS gS dS cdjhn ekFkS
ltksjh dgk.kh ekuh tk; ldSA eEew jh dqjckauh nhjht.kh gSA ok
vsd en[kksj vj iM+[kkow cki NksVh&lh Nksjh dqjckauh jS ÅapS tTcS
vkijh nks; csVÓka uS csP;ka iNS vj eEew lkxS vkijS lkalkfjd eksg
rhljh csVh ^:iyh* jkS lkSnkS vsd jS nks; ekjxka fcpkGS ÅHkh eSlwlSA
xc: tokau lkxS djÓka iNS nk: jS dgk.kh uS ijdk;k izosl jh fo/kk bZ
ulS esa xjd iM+ÓkS gSA :iyh jkS dS;kS tkoSA ykxS] dgk.khdkj vBS
[kjhnnkj chl gtkj esa lkSnkS r; lyek esa ÅaMkS mrjuS m.k jh
djÓka iNS dUuyS >waiM+S esa lwR;kS gSA euxr uS fljth gSA dgk.kh jkS
:iyh tkxS vj lksp&fopkj esa NsgykS nhBko v.kwrkS d#.k gS %
vkijh Hkkoh ftanxka.kh jh QGkoV ^^ck[kG eka; vsd dkuh ukUgS&lS
djSA b.k dgk.kh jh rduhd njM+S ekFkS flf.k;kS uk[k jk[;kS gS
vsdne fujokGh gSA m.kjS varl vj m.k ekFkS bZ esyh tko.k ykx
C;kiS va/kkjS eka; lwa m.k jh nks; jS;h gS eEew jh ukM+A xuh vj vcw
HkS.kka m.k lkxS laokn dk;e djSA m.kuS xksMka lwa nkc.k ykx jS;k gSA
b.k Hkkar jS laokn jh xqatkbl m.kjh cSa··&cSa·· lyek jkS dkGtkS
fudkGuS dFkk dSo.kh Hkjr jh NksySA m.kjh fVjM+kVS&lh vka[;ka
vkijh vsd futw “kSyh gSA lsoV lyek uS VksoS i.k lyek lkG eka;
nks; HkS.kka jh fu;fr jS vk/kkj ekFkS cjru&HkkaMk [kqM+dko.k ykx jS;h
:iyh vkijkS QSlykS vki dj.kS jh gSA ok vkijS dkuka ekFkS gFksGh ns;
gher dj ysoS& ysoS i.k eEew gS dS gsyka ij gsyk ns
^î.k chl gtkj---\ fdÙkk gksoS jS;kS gSA m.kjS eka; lSrku HkGS
chl gtkj\** :iyh dwar.kkS pkoS gh ljtho.k gq;xkSA ok pkSljk iwaNrh
dS L;karM+h Qs:a cksyh& chl gtkj eEew uS NqVko.k lk: HkkthA nsGh
esa jSoM+ vkoS vs jkaMA** rkabZ bZ iwxh gh dS eEew lnk lk:
V.ke.k&V.ke.k Vkyh ctkorkS :lX;kSA**
jtk lwa m.kjS ÅaV ekFkS cSBuS Hkkt
iqj[kS pkS/kjh jkS jsoM+ m.kjh vka[;ka ^fdÙkh dgk.kh [kre* Hkjr vksGk jkS
tkoSA yqxkbZ jh vk vsd U;kjh&fujokGh
vkxhdj fVI;kSA /kksGh ikx] /kksGh èkksrh vc rkabZ jkS NsgykS dgk.kh&laxzS gSA b.k
[kqn&eq[R;kj fNc gS] tdh jktLFkkuh
BBk;ka pjM+&ejM+ twrh ctkorkS iqj[kkS eka; dqy ikap dgkf.k;ka gSA ^bTtr* vj
dgk.kh esa de bZ yk/kSA dgk.kh jkS jpko
pkS/kjh ckM+S esa jsoM+ laHkkG.k uS tkoS rkS ^fdÙkh dgk.kh [kre* vycr dha ykach
euekso.kkS vj ljko.ktksx gSA b.kjkS vsd
pky esa U;kjh bZ ejksM+ nh[kSA dgkf.k;ka gSA êkSr jkS cnGkS*] ^Bksdj* vj
bZ C;kSjkS vlaxr vj Qkyrw uha gSA dgk.kh
vSM+kS jsoM+ ts EgkjS b.k eksVÓkj dUuS ^gFkkSM+ka ekFkS gFkkSM+k* bZ iSyh djrka FkksM+h
jkS vkoxkS ifjosl vsd ?kwf.kZr Hkaoj jh
gqoS rkS vkS dkabZ iqj[kS pkS/kjh lwa ?kkV ykxSA eksVh gSA b.k laxzS esa Hkjr vksGk jS
Hkkar vkijS dsanz dkauh xSjkorkS FkdkS c/krkS
vk NSyh pky vj vS vka[;ka jk rf.k;ksM+k dFkk&lqHkko esa dha uok cnGkoka jkS ladsr
i.k fey.k ykxSA vijk/k uS vkijh dgk.kh nkarka ilhukS vk; jS;kS gSA ns[kkns[kh] gksM jS;kS gSA
jkS fol; c.kko.k jh vsd uoh izo`fÙk oka esa vj b.k mtM+rh pkS/kjkgV jk Hkjr vksGk b.k laxzS jh lS lwa vljnkj vj ;kn jSoS
m.kka jS ^Hkwr* dgk.kh laxzS lwa bZ futj jS vBS vsd lwa c/kuS vsd izkekf.kd tSM+h dgk.kh gS& êkSr jkS cnGkS*A b.k
vko.k ykxxh ghA b.k laxzS jh ^Bksdj* vj vuqHko ns[k.k uS feySA oS vka uS vkijh dgk.kh esa Hkjr vksGk vkijh rduhd esa
^bTtr* jk dFkkudka esa bZ vijk/k jkS rÙo dgkf.k;ka eka; jpS bZ tFkkjFk jh vkijh [kklkS cnGko fy;ka lkEgha vkoSA vkS vsd
lfØ; fuxS vkoSA ^Bksdj* rkS iwjh rjS lwa iwjh Hkafxek vj rnuq:i lVhd y;&xfr lqHk ladsr gSA vkijh jpuk jh lajpuk
vijk/k&dFkk bZ dS;h tk; ldSA m.k jh esa gSA pkS/kjh cyohj flag uS vkijh tkr& eka; izosl djrka eSufjTe ekFkS futj
iBuh;rk bZ m.kh Hkkar jh gSA flej/k fcjknjh eka; vkijS csVka lk: NksjÓka uha jk[k.kh vj tFkk volj m.kuS rksM+rkS
fdjlka.k ifjokj jkS tokau eksVÓkj fodkl feyS tndS m.kjS yacjnkj nknksth uS jSo.kkS gjsd jpukdkj lk: t:jh gq;k
mQZ foDdh vsd :ikGh Nksjh uS m.kjS rhu&rhu NksjÓka ij.kkbth ghA lsoV djSA de lwa de oj.kukRedrk vj Qxr
ekaX;ka lwa vkijh dkj esa fy¶V ns; nsoSA ok cyohj flag vsd nyky jS ekjQr vkijS laoknka dS dFkksidFkuka jS lk;jS dgk.kh
foDdh uS vkijS tkG esa itk;ka pkySA csVka lk: mÙkjiznsl esa chu.;ka r; djSA dSo.k jk vH;Lr Hkjr vksGk vBS vsd
NsdM+ tkorka ok Nksjh lqfu;ksftr rjhdS lwa i.k tkau jkS <wdko tn oBS <wdS rkS r; laHkkfor&lk foLrkj dkauh mUeq[k futj
foDdh uS vkijS fxjksg jS yksxka fcpkGS ys; NksjÓka jh BkSM+ nwth bZ dksbZ NksjÓka chu.;ka vkoSA Hkjr vksGk jh dnkl vk iSyh
tkoS vj okajS dUuS iwxuS foDdh ekFkS jkS Hks[k /kkjÓka feySA gkykr jkS ekjÓkS dgk.kh gq;lh ft.k eka; iSykS laokn P;kj
cykRdkj jkS vkjksi yxkoSA ckr [kre cyohj flag okauS bZ vkijS Nksjka lkFkS Qsjk ikuka jS oj.kko mijkar ns[k.k uS feySA
dj.k lk: ikap yk[k fjfi;k jh dgk.kh izkbosV Ldwy jS ekLVj
ekax djhtSA fodkl vsdjdkS <kbZ j.kohj flag jS ?kj jk oj.ku lwa l:
yk[k ns;uS vkijkS fiaMkS NqMkoSA gqoSA Hkjr vksGk [kklh foxr lwa
vkxyS fnu okS Fkka.kS esa tkoS] i.k ekLVj j.kohj flag jS ?kj] QuhZpj
iqfyl m.kjh dksbZ enn uha dj vj m.kjh iksF;ka vkn jkS C;kSjkS
ldSA Fkka.kS lwa fudGrh cxr okS njt djSA vly esa vkS C;kSjkS m.k
Bksdj [kk;uS yM+[kM+k; tkoS] rkS foMacuk uS p:M+ dj.k lk: gS
larjh m.kuS psrkoS& ft.k ekFkS dgk.khdkj jkS lxGkS
^^vkSgkS pkS/kjh th] /;ku lwa! i.k /;kau fVD;ksM+kS gSA j.kohj flag
[kSjlYyk cpX;kA vk[kM+Ók ftlk jktLFkku jS vsd vSM+S xkao esa Ldwy
iM+Ók dksuhaA** ekLVj gS ft.kjh lhao gfj;k.kS lwa
vk dgk.kh Qxr vsd vijk/k ykxSA
jkS jkspd fojrkar c.kuS jS; tkoSA b.k dgk.kh jS ikB uS Hkjr vksGk
vijk/kh fxjksg jh dkjLrkuh vj ?k.kh lkopsrh lwa jP;kS gSA dgk.kh jkS
okajh vkijkf/kd tkG fcNko.k jk gjsd C;kSjkS lpsru y[kkoSA vkS m.k
C;kSjka esa vkNh [kklh izkekf.kdrk foMacuk uS xSjkorkS tkoS tdh
gqork Nrka bZ Hkjr vksGk ljh[kS variar ekSr jS cnGS jS :i esa lkEgha
dgk.khdkj jh dye lwa blh dgk.kh vko.kh gSA gfj;k.kk jS LgSj fglkj
jpht.k jkS erGc le> esa uha jk iqfyl v/kh{kd vsl- ih- ;kno
vk;kSA b.k Hkkar jh dFkkoka fy[k.kkS jh xksGh lwa vsd tkV vkj{k.k jkS
okajkS ys[kdh; fopy.k bZ dS;kS tk; vkanksyudrkZ ukStoku ekjht tkoSA
ldSA b.kjS eqdkcyS ^bTtr* dgk.kh b.kjS fojksèk l:i fglkj esa tkVka jh
jkS iSykS vk/kS lwa cslh fgLlkS vsd vsd ywaBh jSyh dk<htSA b.k jSyh esa
nwtkS tFkkjFk fy;ka gSA dgk.kh jkS Hkkx yso.k jS ukao ekFkS jktLFkku jS
iwokZ)Z cnGrS cxr jS lkFkS xkaoka esa xkao jkS j.kohj flag] tBS tkVka uS
lÙkk vj lxrh jS dsanzka jS bZ vks-ch-lh- ojx eka; lkey dj
fnj ok; ?kjka ys; vkoSA vS nksuwa NksjÓka
cnGht.k vj b.kjS pkyrka lektw iSyka bZ vkj{k.k nhjht pqD;kS gS] eq¶r esa
vsd eghukS fVI;ka lwa iSyh bZ ?kj jh lxGh
lxi.kka esa mit.k okGk uok lehdj.kka uS fglkj tko.k okGh cl esa vk; cSBSA m.k
/ku&nkSyr uS >kM+&cqgkjuS jkrwajkr rSrhlk
?k.kh ÅaMkbZ lwa lkEgha jk[kSA nknS jh jh izkFkfedrk QksxV esa fglkj jh tkrjk
euk; tkoSA xkao&nsgkr jk cnGrk lektw
yacjnkjh jS lksufy;k vrhr uS <ksorkS dj.kh gS] jSyh esa lkey gqo.k jh uhaA
lxi.kka jh vk HkykabZ iBuh; vj jkspd
pkS/kjh cychj flag ekStwnk tFkkjFk uS lkph ckr rkS vk gS dS m.kuS vkijS ?kj
dgk.kh gS] i.k b.k esa ok cs/kdrk dksuha
dcwy bZ uha dj.kh pkoSA cnGÓksM+k lektw lk: cf<;k cksu pkbZuk jk Ng di
ft.kjS lk: Hkjr vksGk jkS dgk.khdkj
lehdj.kka jS pkyrS m.kuS C;kao jh mej [kjhn.kk gSA okS fglkj iwx tkoSA cl lwa
jktLFkkuh dFkk&txr esa vksG[khtrkS
fVirS vkijS csVS okLrS chu.kh lks/k.k esa mrjrka bZ m.kuS m.kjkS vsd gfj;k.koh
vad& 2015 62
38
58
tkV Hkk;ykS fey tkoSA b.kjkS ukao ctjax b.kh ckr uS nwtS lcnka esa jktLFkkuh ldSA iqfyl jh ekj lwa vnxkoGkS gq;uS
gSA okS ctjax uS jSyh esa lkey gqo.k lk: lekykspd MkW- psru Lokeh vkijS fuca/k vLirkG iwx tkoSA vka[;ka [kqY;ka lS lwa
fglkj vko.k jh ckr dSoSA ctjax dha b.k laxzS ^banj/ku[k* esa b.k Hkkar iq[rk iSyh okS vkijS dika lwa HkjÓksM+kS FkSykS tksoSA
Hkkar izfrfØ;k njlkoS& djh gS& okS Bkg uha dBS NwVX;kSA vkS var vkj{k.k
^^vk gks;h uha dksbZ ckrA vkSj Hkkb;ka ^^jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jkS fof/kor jh lxGh izfØ;k uS vkijkS fgLlkS ywV
xkS ds lkjkS gksoSA vksM+h eka; vkMkS dq.k dkyfoHkktu gky rkabZ gq;kS uha gSA vj uha yso.k jS :id esa cnG nsoSA dgk.kh
vkoS\ vkivkGkSA lkGkS vghj! le>S ds bZ vkanksy.kka jh nhB lwa jktLFkkuh dgk.kh vkj{k.k jh vkoxh izfØ;k ekFkS vsd ewau
gS vkiuS\ /kwaokS dksuh dk< nÓSxk tkV! vkS jkS dksbZ dwarkS djhT;kS gS] i.k rkS bZ fVIi.kh jh Hkkar iwjh gqoSA vkS bZ dgk.kh jkS
vkSj bZ dBSbZ fHkM+xS ns[;kS gS] gfj;k.kS xS ih<hokj jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh vkGksp dykRed QqVjkikS gSA
tkVka Åa dksuh fHkM+ÓkSA vjS lkGk! rwa [kqn djh tkoS rkS m.kjkS iSykS dkG ôkr dkG*] laxzS jh fljSukao dgk.kh ^fdÙkh dgk.kh
vkj{k.k xh vkSyknA Nkt rkS cksyS] Nky.kh ft.k eka; ckrka&[;krka jphthA nwtkS [kre* eksckby Qksu lwa vatke nhjhtsM+S
bZ cksyS! lxGh [kPpj&HkPpj uS Qk;nkS u`flag jktiqjksfgr tqx] rhtkS lkaoj nb;k vsd laxhr vijk/k jS dFkkud ekFkS
feyS] Qsj tkV xsyuS D;wa\ Egs ds eksjM+h xS tqx] pkSFkkS ekypUn frokM+h tqx] ikapokSa vk/kkfjr gSA ukStoku QdhjkS vkijS yksHk
HkkVkS ekj fn;kS\** Hkjr vksGk tqx ftdkS gky bZ cx jS;kS gS] vj ewj[krk jS olhHkwr vsd fQnk;hu
^^NksjS jh ekSr xks cnGkS Y;kaxkA** dS;kS tk; ldSA** geykoj jh Hkkar cjrht tkoSA
vsd&vsd laokn vj C;kSjS uS cgjgky] êkSr jkS cnGkS* dgk.kh jkS xkft;kckn jS cl&vìS ekFkS m.k jk
Hkjr vksGk uQklr lwa BkSM+lj ij[kPpk mM tkoSA m.kjS lkFkS&
jk[kuS iwjh dgk.kh eka; vsd lkFkS dsbZ fujnksl feu[k&yqxkbZ
foMacuk jh varèkkZjk&lhd ?k.kS vj Vkcj bZ ekjÓk tkoSA NÙkhl
dykRed <ax lwa izokfgr djh gSA ikuka esa iljÓksM+h vk dgk.kh
vkS jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jS m.k vijk/k jS lkFkS tqM+h jgL; Hkkouk
cnGko jS izkS< gqo.k jkS izeka.k gS] jkS lkaxksikax fu:i.k djSA ikBd
ft.kjkS mYys[k d.kSbZ [;krukao b.kuS lkal jksduS i<SA i.k Hkjr
iatkch dFkkdkj dsljkjke] Hkjr vksGk ljh[kS dgk.khdkj jkS b.k
vksGk jS [kkl lanHkZ eka; djÓkS gkSA Hkkar jS vkSlr dkSrd&jl jS
iatkch eka; vuwfnr vj gfj;k.kk /kjkrG ekFkS mrj.kkS vkijh
iatkc lkfgR; vdkneh] paMhx< lwa jpukRed lxrh uS fcjFkk [kiko.k
NI;ksM+S jktLFkkuh dgkf.k;ka jS vsd tSM+kS y[kkoSA vk vsd ewj[krk jS
ladyu jh Hkwfedk eka; dsljkjke m.kjS vatke rkabZ iwx.kS jh dgk.kh
fy[;kS gkS& c.kuS jS; tkoS( b.k lwa ok d#.kk uha
^ûCcs ds n”kd rd vkrs&vkrs mitS tdh dnkl Hkjr vksGk jkS
fQj ls jktLFkkuh dgkuh esa ,d vHkh’V jS;h gqoSA Hkjr vksGk uS
vyx rjg dk cnyko eglwl yksdfiz;rk jS vka pkyw yVdka lwa
djrs gSaA ;g cnyko Hkk’kk] f”kYi cp.kkS pkghtSA
vkSj dFkkud rhuksa gh :iksa esa vcS pjpk Hkjr vksGk jS nks;
eglwl fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl miU;klka jhA okajkS iSykS miU;kl
cnyko dk Js; tkrk gS pkSFkh ih<+h ^?kqGxkaB* cjl 2009 esa NI;kSA b.k
ds dFkkdkjksa dks] ftuesa Hkjr vksyk miU;kl vkykspdka vj ikBdka jS
dks vxz.kh ekuk tkrk gSA Hkjr fcpkGS iwjh pjpk uS tye fn;kSA
vksyk us dFkkf”kYi vkSj Hkk’kkbZ b.k miU;kl jkS fganh mYFkkS vka
n`f’V ls jktLFkkuh dgkuh ds fy, vksGÓka jkS ys[kd ^xqy>Vh* ukao lwa
ubZ tehu rS;kj dh gSA Hkjr vksyk djÓkSA fganh esa Nirka bZ b.k
var ?k.kkS foMacuk&HkjîkS gSA jSyh jkS
vius ik=ksa ds ifjn`”; ds vuqlkj muds miU;kl jkS ejkBh vj iatkch Hkklkoka esa
minzo eka; cnGht.kkS lqHkkfod gkSA
euksfoKku esa xgjs mrjrs gq, vkSlr bZ mYFkkS vk;X;kSA b.k miU;kl uS iatkch
fglkj jh lM+dka ekFkS Hkkjh rksM+&QksM+]
utj vkus okys dFkkud dks ;knxkj cuk ys[kd ftanj ^leanj] ?kj rs taxyh
ywVekj] vkxtuh vj fgalk gqoSA iqfyl uS
nsrs gSaA mudh dgkuh dykRedrk] dcwrj* esa Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka jS ikap pjfpr
bZ cG&iz;ksx dj.kkS iM+SA j.kohj flag
laf”y’Vrk] LokHkkfodrk vkSj lgtrk ds miU;klka jS :i esa lkey djÓkS gSA Hkjr
ywVekj esa ØkWdjh jh vsd jsgM+h lwa vkijS
lkFk&lkFk dFkkud ds fuHkko] ukVdh; vksGk jS lkFkS chtk P;kj ys[kd gk mnwZ jh
euilan cksu pkbZuk jS dika jkS FkSykS Hkj
laoknijd “kSyh vkSj yk?ko ds dkj.k bLer pqxrkbZ] rsyqxw jk ds”ko jsìh] ejkBh
ysoSA i.k vS I;kyk okS ?kjka ys;uS uha iwx
vyx [kM+h utj vkrh gSA** jk fefyan oksfdy vj fganh jk
foHkwfrukjk;.k jk;A vkS miU;kl tkfrokn uha NqMk; ldSA vkS gh.krkcks/k okauS b.k
jS nslO;kih fodV jksx uS dsanz esa jk[kuS FkGh ekFkS yk; iVdS& tkr jh fljSrk dS
jphtkS gSA vkijS fol; jh b.k O;kfIr jS gh.krk lwa tyeh dqaBk jh FkGh ekFkS& tBS
dkj.k bZ vkS Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka esa bZ ?k.kkS iwxuS oS vkijh vj nwtka jh Bhd ilqoka jh
pkokS gq;kSA EgSa b.k 112 ikuka jS y?kq Hkkar uLyh; vksG[kka.k dj.k jS [ksy esa
miU;kl jh rqyuk eSfDle xksdhZ jS lkey gq; tkoSA
dkGt;h miU;kl êka* lwa djrk Fkdk b.k b.kh miU;kl jS flDoy dS nwtS Hkkx jS
jh Hkwfedk esa fy[;kS gkS& :i esa vk;kS Hkjr vksGk jkS nwtkS miU;kl
^^vkika tk.kka dS eSfDle xksdhZ vkijkS ^?kqGxkaB ekFkS ?kqGxkaB* eka; pfj= yxSVxS oS
êka* miU;kl 1917 esa :l esa gq;h bZ gS] i.k leL;k jkS l:i cnGÓksM+kS gSA
ckY”ksfod Økafr lk: [kkl rjS jk ^VkbZIM* vkijS 116 lksGka ikuka jS NksVS&lS dysoj
pfj=ka uS ys;*j fy[;kS gkSA vj miU;kl jS eka; vkS miU;kl Hkkjr esa efgykoka jh
b.k ?kksflr mísL; jkS dykRed fu:i.k bZ lqj{kk jS ukao ekFkS c.kkbtS dkuwuka jh vsd
b.kuS ok ÅapkbZ nhoh dS ckY”ksfod Økafr jS foQG nkaiR;&dFkk jS ifjis[k esa iM+rkG
ykjS lfØ; fopkj lwa vlgefr jk[kf.k;k djSA i.k b.k miU;kl eka; dFkkud jh
rdkr ekuoh; vuqHko jS vsd fojkV vsdlw=rk [kafMr&lh fuxS vkoSA osnuk jkS
vè;k; l:i b.k miU;kl uS ckap.kkS okS lka?k.kkS vocksèk ikB eka; lwa cjken uha
t:jh leÖ;kS vj ckap*j ljk;kS bZA xksdhZ gqoS tdkS ^?kqGxkaB* jS jslS&jslS eka;
b.k miU;kl esa vkijk ^VkbZIM* pfj=ka uS bZ xwaFkhtsM+kS feGSA b.kuS fy[k.k eka; osnuk jkS
Hkjr vks ÿ k
b.k vuwBS <kGS fljT;k gS dS okajh futrk de] vkijh “kSyh esa fy[krkS pY;kS tko.kS jS
vj m.k cxr jS vk[kS :lh lekt jh eksg jkS vkosx v.kwrkS gq;X;kS y[kkoSA b.k
lkewfgd osnuk miU;kl jS dysoj esa nw/k okLrS oj.ku esa varxq±Qu jh BkSM+ vsd 6 vxLr 1963 esa xkao fHkjkuh
vj feljh T;wa ?kqGh&feGh y[kkoSA b;ka fc[kjko&lkS vk;X;kS gSA ¼Hkknjk½ guqekux< esa tyeA
ykxS dS eka miU;kl jkS nksuwa dsUnzh; pfj=ka& vLrq] jktLFkkuh jk pjfpr dFkkdkj ^tho jh tkr*] ^lssDVj ua- 5*]
eka vj ikosy& lesr gj pfj= vkijS cxr Hkjr vksGk jS b.k lexz ewY;kadu jS ^Hkwr*] ^fdÙkh dgk.kh [kre*
jh gkgkdkjh osnuk jkS lSatksjkS izfrfuf/kRo lekgkj esa vkS fy[krk Fkdk EguS gj[k lkFkS ¼dgk.kh½] ^?kqGxkaB*] ^?kqGxkaB ekFkS
djSA b.k izfrfuf/kdj.k jS lkapS esa <Grka vatl i.k gqoS dS oka vkijS jpukRed ?kqGxkaB* ¼miU;kl½] lkfgR;
Fkdka bZ okajh futrk tk.kS vsdne v[kafMr meko&mNko uS ys[kdh; fujarjrk esa vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh lk: ^lk[kh.kh
gSA oS lc lwa iSyh galrk&cksyrk] yM+rk& :ikf;r djrk Fkdk vkijS lk: vsd dFkkoka* jkS laiknu] fganh vj
>xM+rk vj nq[k&lq[k >syrk thork& BkodkS eqdkae gkly djÓkS gSA okajS jktLFkkuh esa chth bZ vys[kaw iksF;kaA
tkxrk ekuoh gSA** dFkkdkj lk: vcS t:jh gq;X;kS gS dS oS lkfgR; vdknseh iqjLdkj]
Hkjr vksGk jS miU;kl ^?kqGxkaB* jk [kqn vkijh vckj yx jh dFkk&tkrjk jh eqjyh/kj O;kl jktLFkkuh dFkk
lxGk pfj= dha b.kh rjt ekFkS vkijS vsd rVLFk vj fujee ikj[kk djSA ns[;kS lkfgR; iqjLdkj] jkor lkjLor
cxr jS vkarfjd mPpkV.k jk izfrfuf/k tko.kkS pkghtS dS okajh vkijh lhaoka dkabZ gS lkfgR; iqjLdkj] lkaoj nb;k
pfj= gSA okajh vkoxh fØ;k&izfrfØ;koka esa vj laHkkoukoka uS vkSj fdÙkhd nwj ryd lkfgR; iqjLdkj] jkedqekj vks>k
vkt jh vk[kh Hkkjrh; ;qok ih<+h jS ys; tk;h tk; ldSA dBSbZ phtka jkS v.kwrkS lkfgR; iqjLdkj] egsanz tktksfn;k
lkewfgd euksfoX;kau jh xSjh xwat gSA nqljko vj vkijS ifjosl jkS nk;jkS okajh lkfgR; iqjLdkj] ekrqJh deyk
Nrkai.k okajS eka; tho.k jh tw> vj la?k’kZ vkxyh laHkkoukoka esa dksbZ vVdko rkS uha xksbUdk lkfgR; iqjLdkj] oS|
jh fp.k[kka bZ mNGrh fuxS vkoSA okajS Y;koS gSA dsbZ ckj fy[krk&fy[krk fy[k.kkS czteksgu tks”kh&eUuhnsoh tks”kh
gkFkolq dksbZ egkLoIu dksuha] okajS iYyS rkS vsd lko vH;kl jS lkapS esa bZ <G.k ykxSA lkfgR; iqjLdkj lesr dsbZ
vsd Mjko.kkS vlqj{kk&cks/k gS] ftdkS dBSbZ vSM+kS gq;ka ys[ku esa uoksUes’k jh BkSM+ vsd bukae&bdjkaeA
vkijS ekuoh ewG lwa m[kM+ tko.k jkS gSA oS Hkkar jh ys[kdh; ûsV izsfDVl* yso.k ykxSA jktLFkkuh ekurk isVS bZ tltksx
b.k Mj lwa brjk fopfyr gq; jS;k gS dS vcS vSM+h dksbZ ?kV.kk vkijS lkFkS ?kfVr uha gqo.k [kspGA
vkiw&vkiuS ekuoh :i esa vksG[k.kkS bZ nso.kS jh Nsgyh ftEesnkjh ys[kd jh vkijh fBdk.kkS%
ikarjrk tk; jS;k gSA oS lxGk jk lxGk gq;k djSA vkykspuk jkS dkae rkS m.k dkauh fHkjkuh lnu
foHkkftr O;fDrRo gS& fLIyV ilZuyhVhtA Qdr lkuh dj.kkS bZ gq; ldS gSA lsDVj ua- 5
oS vkj{k.k jS ykHk&gka.k ekFkS cglka djS] uksgj&335 523] guqekux<
tkfrokn uS HkwaMS] izxfrlhy fopkjka jh eks- 94145 03130
>aMkcjnkjh djS] i.k vkijS varl esa
dqaMGh ekjuS cSBÓS gh.krk jS cksèk lwa ykjkS
Ôkks/k jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh vo/kkj.kk vj jktLFkkuh ukVd
MkW- xkSjh”kadj dqypanz
ikjlh&fganh jaxeap jkS vjFk ukVd lwa vka nksuwa ukVdka jkS fujnslu [;krukao
uha gkS] uha Qxr jaxeap dS ukVîlkG lwaA ukVî fujnsld ia- dUgS;kyky iaokj
csrkc tqx esa nksuwa vsd&nwtS jk vfHkUu fd;kSA
vax jS;ksM+k gSA vsd jS fcuk nwtS jS eje uS iaokj fFk;sVlZ %&
uha le÷;kS tk; ldSA Bhd vk bZ fFkfr ia- dUgS;kyky iaokj dha cxr iNS
Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka& ckaXyk] ejkBh] xqtjkrh iaokj fFk;sVlZ jh Fkji.kk djh vj
vj jktLFkkuh ukVd vj jaxeap jh ghA jktLFkkuh ukVd ^nsork* uS ys;uS
jktLFkkuh ukVdka jk tyenkrk f”kopaæ dydÙkk x;k] tBS 5@1 Dykbo jkW esa
Hkjfr;k jkS ukao ?k.kS vknj lwa yhjhtSA fLFkr vkVZ lsaVj gky esa 21 lwa 23
vkijkS fy[;ksM+kS ^dslj foykl* jktLFkkuh tuojh rkabZ cjkScj rhu fnu vkS ukVd
Hkklk jkS iSykS ukVd ekuhtSA b.k ukVd esa [ksyhtkSA ukVd jkS mn~?kkV.k 21 tuojh
rRdkyhu lekt esa QSY;ksM+h lkekftd ¼Fkkoj] clar iapeh½ uS nkuohj m|ksxifr
dqjhfr;ka uS mBkork Fkdk lekt&lqèkkj y{ehfuokl fcM+yk fd;kSA b.k ukVd
Y;ko.k jh ?k.kh dksfll djhth gSA lk: uoh –”;koyh] oL=kHkj.k vkn R;kj
vkèkqfud tqx esa O;kolkf;d jaxeap jk djkbtk] ft.k lwa vkèkqfud jaxnhiu&
MkW - xkS j hÔka d j dq y pa n z P;kj çeq[k dsaæ gk& dydÙkk ¼dksydkrk½] oSoLFkk jkS ç;ksx djhtkSA nhrokj uS nks;
cEcbZ ¼eqEcbZ½] fnYyh vj dkuiqjA ^'kks* gq;kA fnu esa eSfVuh 3 ctS lwa vj
20 Qjojh 1986 uS tyeA jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh l:vkr ukaeh jkr jk 8 ctS lwaA Fkkoj vj lkseokj uS
jktLFkkuh vj fganh Nkika esa dfork] fy[kkjk tequkçlkn iapsfj;k jS ç;klka lwa [ksy laè;k 9 ctS lwa l: gq;hA
dgk.kh] dwar Nih FkdhA vktknh lwa iSyka lu~ 1940 esa ^jktLFkkuh Hkkjrh; ukVï fudsru %&
jktLFkkuh ckydFkk iksFkh îNrkokS*A MªkesfVd lkslk;Vh* jh Fkji.kk lwa gq;hA ekjokM+h fe= eaMy] yxkSrkj vkijS
^Fkkj lIrd&2* vj êaMk.k* jktLFkkuh vkxS pkyuS jktLFkkuh jaxeap vj ukVd ç;klka lwa jktLFkkuh jaxeap esa cèkkikS
dfork laxzS esa dforkokaA ikjlh jaxeap ukVd “kSyh lwa [ksyht.k djrkS jS;kSA cxr ijoka.kS eaMy uoh jax
jktLFkkuh Hkk"kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr ykX;kA jktLFkkuh ukVdka uS jaxeap ekFkS laLFkk ^Hkkjrh; ukVî fudsru* jh Fkji.kk
vdkneh] chdkusj dkauh lwa cjl 2002 [ksy.k esa O;kolkf;d jaxeap jkS çeq[k dsaæ djhA b.k laLFkk 1 ekpZ 1959 uS dkyck
jkS ^Hkreky tks'kh egkfo|ky; cEcbZ gkSA cEcbZ jh ^jax laLFkk* gh] ft.k nsoh jksM fLFkr ^HkkaxokM+h fFk;sVj* esa
iqjLdkj*A
lwa jktLFkkuh jaxeap vj jktLFkkuh ukVd o`f)pan vxzokG êèkqj* jS fy[;ksM+S
t-uk- O;kl fo'o fo|ky; tks/kiqj
dkauh lwa 2014 esa MkW- vtqZunso pkj.k pjfpr gq;kA jktLFkkuh ukVd Êgkjh dkadM+ EgkjkS
jS funZs'ku esa ^jktLFkkuh ukVdka jkS ekjokM+h fe= eaMy %& >aMkS* uS eafpr fd;kSA b.k ukVd eka;
jaxeaph; ewY;kadu* fol; ekFkS cEcbZ esa ikjlh&fganh ukVdka jh “kSyh cEcbZ vj dydÙkk jk ukaeh dykdkjka
“kks/kdkjtA jax laLFkk ^jEer* lkFkS ekFkS fganh ¼[kM+h cksyh½ jS vykok dkae fd;kSA ukVd jkS fujnslu 'ks[kj
jktLFkkuh vj fganh ukVdka esa vfHku;A jktLFkkuh Hkklk jk Hkh ukVd ?k.kk pkok iqjksfgr vj laxhr fujnsld ek- Nsykth
gky % vfrfFk O;k[;krk] jktLFkkuh] gq;kA vBS jh êkjokM+h fe= eaMG* laLFkk ekjokM+h jkS gkSA b.k ukVd esa jktLFkku jS
jktdh; Jh Mwaxj egkfo|ky;] chdkusj jk dha mRlkgh dk;ZdrkZoka jS ika.k cfynkau] R;kx vj vsdrk jh dgk.kh :i
jktLFkkuh ukVdka jh èkwe jS;h] ft.kka esa esa bZ laokn vkstiwj.k vj pqVhyk gkA
fBdk.kkS % tequkçlkn iapksfj;k] enuyky xks;udk ewuykbV fFk;sVlZ %&
eq-iks- dqypanz vkn çeq[k gkA 1 lS lwa iSyka lu~ lu~ 1949 esa xksoèkZu esgjks=k
¼10 lh-Mh-vkj-¼ch½ <k.kh½ 1946&47 esa ekjokM+h Hkklk jk ukVd O;kolkf;d vkèkkj ekFkS ewuykbV fFk;sVlZ
laxfj;k [ksy.k jkS fuLpS djhtkSA QGl:i fQYeh jh Fkji.kk djhA çse'kadj jS fujnslu esa
guqekux<&335 063 ys[kd vj xhrdkj ia- baæ jkS jktLFkkuh fganh jkS vkS vsdek= O;kolkf;d jaxeap
[email protected]
97854 17754 ukVd ^<ksyk ejo.k* b.k cjl [ksyhtkSA jS;kSA b.k jax laLFkk dkauh lwa jktLFkkuh
vkS ukVd v.kwarkS pkokS gq;kSA b.k ukVd ukVd eaxGokj vj “kqØokj jS fnu [ksY;k
jh lQGrk iNS mRlkfgr gq;uS ia- baæ tkorkA jktLFkkuh ukVd jh jax çLrqfr
^pwuM+h* vj ^nsork* fljSukao lwa ukVd lqanj gqo.k ij nhrokj uS ukVd jkS ikNkS
fy[;k tdk jaxeap ekFkS ?k.kk pkok gq;kA eapu fd;kS tkorkSA jktLFkkuh ukVdka jS
ç.ksrkoka eka; çeq[k ukao gS& ia- baæ] Hkjr dFkk½ 1954 bZ-] ^lko.k jh rht* Hkklkoka jk ukVdka esa tBS cnGrS lekt
O;kl] fuHkÊd tks”kh] enuyky vxzokG ¼jktLFkku jh vsd LoPNanrkèkeÊ ç.k;& vj cnGrh tho.k “kSyh jh >yd feyS]
vj Hkaojyky lhdfj;kA dFkk½ 1955 bZ-] enuyky vxzokG jS oBSbZ jktLFkkuh jaxeap gky rkabZ çse&
csrkc tqx jk iqjk.kk ukVddkjka lkFkS fy[;ksM+k ^fujeksgh ckye* 1954 bZ-] dgk.kh] lklw&cgw] u.kn&HkkstkbZ] nsjk.kh&
ch- lh- eèkqj ¼o`f)pan vxzokG½ jkS ukao ^djekckbZ dks [khpM+ks* ¼eè;dkyhu dFkk½ tsBk.kh vj lkearh çFkk jS vksGS&nksGS ?kweSA
çeq[k gSA lu~ 1949 jS var esa vj 1950 1956 bZ-] ^pkan&pdksjh* 1958 bZ-] vkèkqfud tho.k jh tfVyrkoka lwa
jh l:vkr esa [ksyht.k okGk jktLFkkuh ^#De.kh dks C;koyks* 1958 bZ- vj ^chl jktLFkkuh jaxeap ?k.kkS vGxkS gkSA
ukVdka esa ch- lh- eèkqj jS fy[;ksM+k iwj.k cjl dks chan] chan.kh lkB dh* 1957 bZ-] ia- baæ jkS fy[;ksM+kS ^<ksyk&ejo.k* vj
Hkxr] uy≠arh vkn pkok vj Hkaojyky lhdfj;k jS fy[;ksM+k ^lhyks ia- Hkjr O;kl jkS fy[;ksM+kS ^jkew&pu.kk*
pjfpr jS;kA fjlkGw* ¼ç.k; lacaèkh vsd nardFkk ekFkS jktLFkkuh jaxeap jk egrkÅ ukVd
lu~ 1949 lwa 1965 jS fcpkGS vkèkkfjr½ 1956 bZ-] ûkuhckbZ dks ek;jks* c.;kA vka nksuwa ukVdka jS ika.k jktLFkkuh
ewuykbV fFk;sVlZ <kbZ lkS lwa cslh ukVd 1956 bZ- vj ^lqYrku&ejo.k dks Hkkr* jaxeap foxlko jk ixksfFk;ka pf<;kSA b.kh
[ksY;kA b.kka esa jktLFkkuh ukVd bZ lkey 1959 bZ- çeq[k ukVd gkA 3 vka ukVdka esa nkSj esa ia- eqjyhèkj nkèkhp jkS ^v[kaM
gkA vka ukVdka jkS dFkkud ikSjkf.kd] jktLFkku jS bfrgkl vj tutho.k jkS lqgkx.k* vj ^fcaèkxk lks ekrh* vj
vSfrgkfld vj lkekftd gSA vSfrgkfld ?k.kkS ljl] ekjfed vj Hkkoiwj.k fp=.k ia- baæ jkS ^pwuM+h* ukVd jktLFkkuh
ukVdka esa jktLFkku vj xqtjkr jS gq;kS gSA jaxeap uS uoh Åjek nhUghA vkxS pkyuS
bfrgkl lwa folsl :i lwa dFkkud pq.;ksM+k ^<ksyk&ejo.k* esa pkok dykdkj vS ukVd dha vSM+k dykdkj R;kj fd;k]
gkA lkekftd ukVdka esa ngst çFkk] tdk vkijh Nfo fQyeka esa c.kko.k esa
os”;ko`fÙk] foèkok&fookg] cgqfookg] dke;kc jS;k] ft.kka esa yfyrk dqekjh]
e|iku] :f<okn jS mUewyu] L=h f'k{kk] inek jk.kh] v#.kk bZjkuh] lfjrk tks”kh]
jk’VªHkk’kk çpkj&çlkj vkn leL;koka “ks[kj iqjksfgr jk ukao fy;k tk; ldSA
ekFkS lekt&lqèkkj vj jk"Vªfgr jS xhr&laxhr jktLFkkuh jaxeap jk
nhBdks.k lwa vksrçksr cslh gkA Jh jkepaæ egrkÅ vax gSA m.k cxr rkS vkt lwa bZ
^vkalw* jS fy[ksM+k ifn~euh] gkMh jk.kh] T;knk xhrka jkS çpyu gkSA dnS&dnSbZ rkS
rkjk ckbZ] vkYgk&Åny] Mwaxth&tqgkjth] iwjkS –”; bZ xhrka esa fy[;kS tkorkSA ia- baæ
laU;klh vkn ukVd pjfpr jS;kA rkS vkijkS ^<ksyk&ejo.k* ukVd iwjkS i|
ia- vEckyky jS fy[;ksM+k ehjkackbZ] esa bZ fy[;kSA
twukx< jkS lsj vkn çeq[k jax ukVd gkA îhj lkljkS*] êkjokM+h esGkS*]
jktLFkkuh jk vfHkuhr çeq[k ukVdka esa ûks;yksu jkS ?kwa?kVkS*] ^pkan pdksjh* vkn
ia- baæ jS fy[;ksM+kS ^<ksyk&ejo.k*] fQYe ukVdka jh Hkkjh lQGrk jS ykjS f”kopj.k
xhrdkj ia- Hkjr O;kl jS fy[;ksM+kS Hkhejkt jS xhr&laxhr jkS bZ [kkl tksxnkau
^jkew&pu.kk*] fuHkÊd tks”kh jk fy[;ksM+k gkSA jktLFkkuh yksd laxhr esa ekVh jh
^tS taxGèkj cknlkg* ¼vkSjaxtsc dky esa tdh egd ?kqGîksM+h gqoS] ok njldka uS
chdkusj jk egkjktk d.kZflag lwa lacafèkr çse'kadj ûjlh* <ksy dqaoj vj engksl dfj;ka fcuk uha jSoSA
dksfdydaBh yrk cksl ejo.k jh Hkwfedk vktknh lwa iSyh l: gq;kS jktLFkkuh
fuHkkbZA ukVd jkS fujnslu [kqn çse'kadj jaxeap 1963 rkabZ vkork&vkork Hkksr
ûjlh* fd;kSA ekjokM+h ukVdka esa fganh vkxS fudG pqD;kS gSA m.k tekuS esa
ukVdka jk lgk;d fujnsld f=ykspu >k ia- baæ jkS ukVd ^nsork* èkwe epk; pqD;kS
uk;d gkA yrk cksl ;k fny:ck ukf;dk gkSA vk[kS nsl esa rn jktLFkkuh ukVdka jkS
jh Hkwfedk fuHkkorhA lhrkjke iqtkjh] lS lwa ywaBkS dsaæ dydÙkk gkSA çse dgk.kh
jktLFkkuh ukVdka jS fujnslu esa ûjlh* jS ekFkS vkèkkfjr ia- Hkjr O;kl jkS ukVd
lgk;d jkS dkae djrkA vS lxGk ukVd ^jkew&pu.kk* m.k nkSj esa dydÙkk jk eapka
gjesl csrkc tqx jh ukVî “kSyh jk gkA ekFkS yxkSrkj lkr lky rka.kh okgokgh
b.kka esa ^dkWfed* dBSbZ U;kjkS vj dBSbZ ywVrkS jS;kSA cxr jS cnGko lkxS fFkfr
vaxHkwr esa nh[krkSA jktLFkkuh ukVdka jk cnGhA dydÙkk esa caxkyh jaxeap vkijkS
laokn “ks[kkokVh dS ekjokM+h cksyh esa uokS vfLrRo Fkkfir fd;kSA jktLFkkuh
gqorkA xhr] i|&laokn] “ksj&vks&”kk;jh] ukVdka jkS dsaæ dydÙkk lwa cnGuS cEcbZ
fujr jkS la;kstu ukVd jh yksdfç;rk jkS gq;X;kS vj gksGS&gksGS jktLFkkuh jaxeap
vkèkkj jS;kSA 4 vj ukVd vkijh uoh vksG[k c.kkbZA
cakXyk] ejkBh] xqtjkrh] fganh vkn jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh egrkÅ çLrqfr

^lqikrj chu.kh dqikrj chu.kh* ukVd laLFkkoka jktLFkkuh ukVd vj jktLFkkuh çLrqfr vuqjkx dyk dsaæ] chdkusj dkauh
lu~ 1976 esa Qxr vsd bZ lSV ekFkS jaxeap lk: mEnk dkae fd;kSA chdkusj jh lwa jktLFkkuh laxhr ukVd vdkneh]
[ksyhtkSA b.kjh ukf;dk m.k cxr jh pkoh [;krukao jax laLFkk ^vuqjkx dyk dsaæ* jh tksèkiqj jS jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg 1988
pfj= vfHkus=h çoh.k vkuan ghA Hkksr bZ Fkji.kk lu~ 1957 esa jktLFkkuh jk pkok esa 8 ekpZ jS fnu Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl
lknxh lwa [ksyhtkS vkS ukVd jktLFkkuh ukVî ys[kd vj fujnsld fuekZsgh O;kl Le`fr Hkou] tksèkiqj esa ;qok ukVî
jaxeap jkS lS lwa lQG ukVd lkfcr gq;kSA djhA vuqjkx dyk dsaæ dkauh lwa lu~ fujnsld nsod`".k O;kl jS fujnslu
b.kjh vikj lQGrk uS ns[krk Fkdk 1974&75 esa ;ksxsaæ çdk'k 'kekZ jS esa nhjhthA
1982 esa b.k ukVd ekFkS fQYe bZ c.kkbth fujnslu esa nks; jktLFkkuh ukVd vuqjkx dyk dsaæ] chdkusj dkauh lwa 30
ftdh fjdkMZ rksM+ lQGrk gkly djhA ^vksGekS* vj ^pkSjk;S jkS dqvkS* jkS eapu tqykbZ 1992 uS nks; jktLFkkuh ukVdka jkS
b.kh Hkkar jS ukVdka esa f”kopj.k Hkhejkt djhtkSA vS nksuwa bZ ukVd jk’Vªh; Lrj ekFkS eapu chdkusj jS VkÅu gkWy esa Jh dey
jS fy[;ksM+S ukVd îhj lkljkS* vj [;kfr gkly djhA vk jktLFkkuh jaxeap vuqjkxh jS fujnslu esa gq;kSA iSykS ukVd
5
iq#"kksÙke ^vJq* jS fy[;ksM+S ukVd ^t;Jh jh Hkksr eksVh miyfCèk ekuh tk; ldSA fuekZsgh O;kl jkS ^js[k cnGxh vsdkvsd*
jk.kh lrh* jkS ukao fy;kS tk; ldSA b.kh ^pkSjk;S jkS dqvkS* ukVd jkS eapu vj nwtkS ^Mka[kGk bZ Mka[kGk* ¼ewy ys[kd
dM+h esa dqanu fd'kksj] lwjt nkèkhp] bykgkckn esa gq;kSA fljS eapu lk: vkS vKkr] jktLFkkuh mYFkkS& fuekZsgh O;kl½
“kqHkdj.k nkèkhp ejkBh vj xqtjkrh ukVd ?k.kkS ljkbtkS vj iqjLd`r eafpr djhtkSA vuqjkx dyk dsaæ
ukVdka uS jktLFkkuh Hkklk esa :ikarfjr i.k gq;kSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap jS foxlko esa uoh
fd;k] ft.kesa ^C;kgsM+k chan dqaokjk MksyS*] jktLFkkuh jaxeap esa cèkkikS dj.k eka; jaxnhB lwa dkae fd;kSA Jh fuekZsgh O;kl jS
^dkGtS jh dksj*] ^fnoykS tx.k nS lkjh chdkusj jkS egrkÅ ukao jS;kS gSA fujnslu esa 70 jS nld lwa ys;uS 90 jS
jkr*] ^xksjh fl.kxkj djS] <ksykS ik.kh HkjS* jktLFkkuh jax vkanksyu jS l:vkrh nkSj esa nld rkabZ lsB lqèkkjpan ¼ys[kd “kksHkkpan
jktLFkkuh jaxeap jk pjfpr ukVd vuqjkx dyk dsaæ jkS ukao iSy ikar esa tEeM+½] vksGekS ¼fuekZsgh O;kl½] Hk.khxq.kh
ekuhtSA vkoSA jktLFkkuh jax fujnsld fuekZsgh xq.koarh ¼ys- fuekZsgh O;kl½] egkjktk
b.k Hkkar jktLFkkuh jaxeap eka; dsbZ O;kl jS fujnslu esa Qjojh] 1976 esa “ks[kfpYyh ¼ys- ;knosaæ 'kekZ ^paæ*½] Hkh[kks
mrkj&p<ko ns[k.k uS feyS] i.k jktLFkku jktLFkkuh ukVd ^y[kir* [ksyhtkSA <ksyh ¼ys- fuekZsgh O;kl½ vkn ukVdka jh
jk ewG ukVddkjka jh ckr djka] rkS ukVd Qjojh] 1979 esa ef.k eèkqdj jkS èkkdM+ jax çLrqfr;ka jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS
jkS Jhx.ks'k dj.k jkS tl pkok ukVddkj fy[;ksM+kS ukVd ^nqykjh ckbZ* jkS jktLFkkuh uoh çfr’Bk nsoSA
Lo- lw;Zdj.k ikjhd uS fn;kS tkoSA esa y{ehukjk;.k lksuh jS fujnslu esa eapu jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk: egrkÅ dkae
ikjhdth 1938 esa êhjka* ukVd jS gq;kSA b.k lwa ?k.kkS iSyka vuqjkx dyk dsaæ dj.k okGh jax laLFkk ^vk;ke laLFkku*]
ekjQr vk[kS jktLFkku esa èkwe epko.k jS la;kstu esa tqykbZ] 1968 ds- ds- 'khy chdkusj jkS ukao ?k.kS ekau lwa yhjhtSA b.k
okGk vsd ek= ukVddkj gkA b.k lwa iSyka jS fy[;ksM+S jktLFkkuh ukVd ^lksuy jkS jax laLFkk jh Fkji.kk 1970 esa gq;hA
vki vsd pkoh vsdkadh ^cksGko.k* fy[kh] C;kao* jkS fujnslu vklkjke xksLokeh jS vk;ke] fganh vj jktLFkkuh ukVd vj
ftdh dsbZ fnuka ukVd jS :i esa [kklh fujnslu esa gq;kSA jaxeap lk: vksirkS vj ljko.k tksx
pkoh jS;hA ikjhdth jS b.k dkjt uS ns[k vçsy] 1968 esa fuekZsgh O;kl jS dkj.k fd;kSA jktLFkku jS jax vkanksyu esa
dha uok ukVddkj bZ vkijh ek;M+ Hkklk fy[;ksM+S ^dkG vxkM+h ikG*] vçsy] chdkusj jkS ukao fljS gS] rkS b.k jax laLFkk
esa fy[k.k jkS chM+kS mBk;kS vj jktLFkkuh 1969 esa ^lsB lqèkkjpan* vkn ukVd 70 jkS ukao i.k fljS gSA
ukVd uS jaxeap [kklk xfr idM+h] i.k jS nld esa jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh vHkwriwoZ ^vk;ke* jax laLFkk jh çeq[k jktLFkkuh
ftÙkkS dkae gqo.kkS pkbtrkS fcÙkkS uha gq;kSA çLrqfr;ka gSA Qjojh] 1980 esa y{eh jax çLrqfr;ka nsl jk ukaeh ukVî mPNcka esa
êhjka* ukVd jS 35 cjlka iNS ukVd ukjk;.k lksuh jS fujnslu esa ^[kEek gq;hA jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk: uoh jaxHkwfe
lkfgR; uS vsd uokS eksM+ fn;kS ;knosaæ vUunkrk* ?k.kkS pkokS ukVd gSA vka R;kj djhA lu~ 1976 esa jktLFkkuh jax
'kekZ ^paæ* vkijS ukVd ^rkl jkS ?kj* jS jktLFkkuh ukVdka jkS çnjl.k jktLFkku ukVd ^èkkj jh dkV* ¼ewG ukVd
ekjQrA uoS jax f”kYi] lelkef;d çnsl jS U;kjk&U;kjk vapGka esa vj nsl jk MkW- jktkuan] mYFkkS çse lDlsuk½ ukVî
dFkkud uS ys;uS paæth jkS ukVd ^rkl jkS çfrf’Br ukVî lekjksgka esa gq;kSA fujnsld MkW- jktkuan jS fujnslu esa
?kj* vsd uoh vksi jktLFkkuh ukVd vj jktLFkkuh jax ukVdka jS ys[kdka& 9 ckj xzkeh.k vapyka esa eafpr gq;kSA
jaxeap uS nhUghA fujnsldka esa Lo- fuekZsgh O;kl jkS ukao jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh l'kä jax çLrqfr
jktLFkkuh jaxeap jS cèkkiS esa dha jax fljS jS;kS gSA jktLFkkuh jax txr esa okajk ^x.kxkSj* ukVd ekuhtSA b.k jax ukVd jkS
laLFkkoka jkS egrkÅ tksxnkau jS;kSA vk[kS ukVdka uS ?k.kh ljko.kk feyhA okajkS ys[ku vj fujnslu MkW- jktkuan 1987 esa
jktLFkku esa jktLFkkuh jaxeap vj ukVdka yksdukVî “kSyh jh c.kxV lwa fy[ksM+kS okajkS fd;kSA vkS ukVd fganh vj jktLFkkuh esa
ekFkS egrkÅ dkae chdkusj] tksèkiqj] ukVd ^Hkh[kks <ksyh* uoh jax ifjdYiuk lwa laxhr ukVd vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh dkauh lwa
mn;iqj] HkhyokM+k vj dksVk esa gq;kSA jax njldka uS uok jax lalkj esa ys; tkoSA ;qok fujnsldka jS çksRlkgu ;kstuk jS RgSr
jktLFkkuh jaxeap jS dkae esa chdkusj fljS jktLFkkuh jax ukVdka esa ^Hkh[kks <ksyh* 1987 esa eafpr gq;kSA b.k ukVd jkS
ekuhtSA chdkusj LgSj jh çeq[k jax pkokS vj pjfpr jS;kSA b.k ukVd jh iSyh jktLFkkuh :ikarj.k ;qok jax fujnsd
bdcky gqlSu fd;kS vj if'pe {ks=h; vf[ky Hkkjrh; ukVî lekjksg ¼dVd] iSjoh djrk Fkdk ek;M+ Hkklk jktLFkkuh jS
ukVî lekjksg] Hkksiky ¼eè;çns”k½ esa b.k mM+hlk½ esa eapu] 20 twu 2008 uS VkÅu jax vkanksyu esa ^ladYi* jkS ljko.k tksx
jh lQG jax çLrqfr nhjhthA b.kht ukVd gkWy] chdkusj esa ^vS gksl vkGk yksx* jh tksxnkau jS;kS gSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uSa
jkS jax fujnsld bdcky gqlSu jS fujnslu Qs:a jax çLrqfr gq;hA b.kh Øe esa vkanksfyr dj.k lk: lkfgfR;d vj
esa ukVî lekjksg&94 esa lQG eapu gq;kSA cqykdh 'kekZ jkS fy[;ksM+kS jktLFkkuh ukVd lkaLd`frd okrkoj.k jkS fuekZ.k ^ladYi*
b.k ukVd jh vk;ke laLFkku dkauh lwa ^jktk jkt djS* jkS tqykbZ 2008 esa jh jax fparu xks’Bh] ifjpjpkoka] jax
bdcky gqlSu jS fujnslu esa nks; cky bdcky gqlSu jS fujnslu esa eapu gq;kSA laokn] ukVî i= çdkl.k] ukVd fjO;w]
ukVî çLrqfr;ka jktLFkku laxhr ukVd b.k Hkkar jax laLFkk ^vk;ke* jktLFkkuh fjiksfVZax lwa fd;kSA
vdkneh jS lS;ksx lwa 1 lwa 30 twu] 1994 jaxeap vj jktLFkkuh ukVd lkfgR; jS jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh lcGh vksG[kka.k
¼cky ukVî f'kfoj½ esa nhjhthA vk;ke çpkj&çlkj] lao)Zu eka; egrkÅ okGh jax çLrqfr ^rhMksjko* gSA vkS ukVd
laLFkku] chdkusj jS rÙokoèkku esa tksxnkau fn;kSA b.k jax laLFkk jS ukVî jktLFkkuh jax txr esa ?k.kkS pkokS gq;kSA
jktLFkku laxhr ukVd vdkneh] tksèkiqj vkys[kka vj jax jax çLrqfr;ka lwa Bkg ykxS vkS ukVd jktLFkkuh jk fljS dFkkdkj
jS lS;ksx lwa jktLFkkuh jax ukVd ^dkpj dS jktLFkkuh jax vkanksyu eka; laLFkkxr fot;nkau nsFkk jS miU;kl ekFkS vkèkkfjr
jkS cht* ¼ys[kd MkW- jktkuan] mYFkkS gjh'k oSpkfjdrk] leji.k fdÙkkS çHkkoksRiknd gSA fcTth jS miU;kl ^rhMksjko* jkS
Hkknk.kh½ ;qok jax fujnsld bdcky gqlSu gqoSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap vkanksyu esa vk;ke jktLFkkuh ukVî :ikarj.k tudfo
jS fujnslu esa 12 vxLr] 1994 uS laLFkku] chdkusj uok vk;ke Fkkfir Lo- gjh'k Hkknk.kh fd;kSA b.k ukVd lwa
chdkusj jS VkÅu gkWy esa [ksyhtkSA fd;k gSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS vk[kS nsl esa U;kjh
jktLFkkuh jaxeap jkS vsd egrkÅ jax jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS uoh Åapkb;ka nso.k fudsoGh fiNka.k feyhA b.k ukVd jh iSyh
ukVd ^vS gksl vkGk yksx* ¼MkW- jktkuan esa jktLFkku jh çeq[k jax laLFkk ^ladYi çLrqfr nsl jk pkok&Bkok ukVî fujnsld
jS fganh miU;kl ^;s gks'k okys yksx* ekFkS ukVî lfefr* jkS i.k vSfrgkfld tksxnkau vQlj gqlSu jS fujnslu esa ladYi ukVî
vkèkkfjr½ bdcky gqlSu jkS ukVî vkys[k gSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS oSpkfjd lfefr] chdkusj dkauh lwa 16 fnlacj
gSA b.k ukVd jh lajpuk bdcky gqlSu çfrc)rk jS lkFkS&lkFkS è;s; :i vj 1986 esa ukxiqj esa nslikaMs Le`fr Hkou esa
uoh jax ifjHkklk esa djh gSA b.k ukVd jh leiZ.k lwa lhap.k jkS dkae ^ladYi* fd;kSA if'pe {ks= ukVî lekjksg esa nhjhthA
iSyh jax çLrqfr bdcky gqlSu jS jax b.k laLFkk jh Fkji.kk cjl 1977 esa gq;hA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS Fkkfir dj.k esa
fujnslu esa 27 tqykbZ 1995 uS jsyoS ofj"B ukVîdeÊ eaxy lDlsuk jS ;qok fujnsldka i.k lejfir Hkko lwa dkae
çs{kkx`g chdkusj esa gq;hA ^vS gksl vkGk cMsjpkjS esa loZJh fo|klkxj vkpk;Z] fd;kS gSA vka ;qok jax fujnsldka esa Jh ds-
yksx* ukVd jh jax çLrqfr;ka nsl jk Lo- Jh fo".kqdkar] txnh'k 'kekZ] euksgj ds- dksgyh jkS ukao ?k.kS eku lwa yhjhtSA
çfrf"Br ukVî lekjksgka esa jktLFkku vj ^dyka”k*] Lo- Jh vejpan iqjksfgr] ukVî jktLFkku jh jktèkkuh] t;iqj esa
Hkkjr o"kZ jk çeq[k LgSjka esa gq;hA fujnsld vkuan fo- vkpk;Z] jktLFkkuh jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS uoh vksG[kka.k
jktLFkkuh ukVî jpukdkj lekjksg] jax fpard eèkq vkpk;Z ^vk'kkoknh* vkn Jh ds- ds- dksgyh nhUgh gSA jax laLFkk
chdkusj 15&16 ekpZ] 1997 esa 16 ekpZ feyuS ^ladYi ukVî lfefr* jkS xBu ^vuqie jax fFk;sVj lkslk;Vh* dkauh lwa
uS chdkusj esa eapu] jktLFkku laxhr fd;kSA jktLFkkuh gkL; O;aX; ukVd ^chu.kh jh
rykl* jh iSyh ukVî çLrqfr 12 ebZ]
2002 uS johaæ eap] t;iqj esa ;qok ukVî
ys[kd vj fujnsld ds- ds- dksgyh jS
fujnslu esa gq;hA Jh dksgyh jS fy[;ksM+S
b.kht ukVd jh çLrqfr 6 fnlacj] 2002
uS johaæ eap jS eq[; lHkkxkj esa gq;hA
30 twu] 2007 esa b.k ukVd jkS eapu
vsdj Qs:a dksgyh jS fujnslu esa johaæ
eap] t;iqj esa gq;kSA tokgj dyk dsaæ]
t;iqj dkauh lwa jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg
2011 ¼19 lwa 21 vxLr½ vk;ksftr gq;kSA
b.k jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg esa
21 vxLr] 2011 uS ^chu.kh jh rykl*
ukVd jh vHkwriwoZ jax çLrqfr gq;hA vk'kk
u k V d vdkneh] tksèkiqj dkauh lwa l a d Yi ukVî lfefr jS la;kstu esa n'kZu dyk laLFkku vj vuqie jax
mn;iqj esa vk;ksftr ^jktLFkkuh ukVî vk[kS nsl esa fganh jaxeap jkS ijpe fFk;sVj lkslk;Vh dkauh lwa 24 vxLr
lekjksg 1998 esa bdcky gqlSu jS QgjkbtkSA jax dkjt rn lkjFkd gS tn 2011 uS johaæ eap t;iqj esa ukVî ys[kd
fujnslu esa jax çLrqfr] lu~ 1999 esa okS vkanksyu jkS :i xzg.k djSA b.k ckr jh vj fujnsld ds- ds- dksgyh jS b.k ukVd

jh çLrqfr nhjhthA b.k Hkkar jktLFkkuh laLd`fr foHkkx] jktLFkku ljdkj jkS Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA jax ukVî ys[kd
gkL; O;aX; ukVd ^chu.kh jh rykl* jh lS;ksx jS;kSA ^lQsn Tokjk* ukVd jkS nwtkS lwjtflag iaokj jk jktLFkkuh ukVd
t;iqj jaxeap ekFkS vHkwriwoZ jax çLrqfr;ka eapu d.kdyh ¼egkjk"Vª½ esa jk"Vªh; ukVî jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS uoh fnlk nso.k esa
gq;hA ukVd esa dU;k Hkzw.k gR;k dqjhfr jkS lekjksg esa i.k gq;kSA b.k Hkkar ;qok ukVî lQG jS;k gSA jaxeaph; rÙoka ekFkS vka jk
çHkkoh eapu vj lekt uS psrkork Fkdk ys[kd vj fujnsld vfuy ekjokM+h ukVd lko [kjk mrjS vj vka jk ?k.kdjk
ukjh jS lEekau jkS lansl nsoSA jktLFkkuh laLd`fr] yksd ijaijk uS ukVd jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh v[kwV èkjksgj
jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk: ;qok jax vaosjrk Fkdk vkèkqfudrk jS tqx esa yksd gSA Jh lwjtflag iaokj yxSVxS 20
fujnsldka esa vfuy ekjokM+h jkS ukao ?k.kkS laLd`fr] ijaijk uS cpk;S jk[k.k jk ç;kl jktLFkkuh ukVd fy[kuS jktLFkkuh
pkokS gSA vki t;iqj jaxeap esa jktLFkkuh djSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap vj ukVdka esa vS lkfgR; jh ukVî foèkk esa vkijkS tl tksxkS
ukVd vj jaxeap lk: ç;kl ykjyk nl ukVd U;kjh vksG[k jk[kSA tksxnkau fn;kS gSA Jh iaokj vkijS <ax<kGS
lky lwa dj jS;k gS] tdk ljko.k tksx gSA jktLFkkuh ukVd vj jaxeap uS uoh jk ukVddkj gSA vS ukVd uS lkekftd
vfuy ekjokM+h ys[ku vj fujnslu jS fnlk nso.k esa chdkusj jk jaxdeÊ] cnGko jkS lkaoBkS ekè;e ekauSA vki
lkFkS&lkFkS t;iqj jh fojklr vj laLd`fr ukVddkj] ukVî fujnsld Jh lwjtflag ukVd esa veweu fd.kh u fd.kh lektw
jS laj{k.k lk: [kwc dkae dj jS;k gSA iaokj jkS ukao iSyh ikar esa vkoSA Jh iaokj leL;k uS mBkoS] vj leL;koka jS iksldka
jktLFkkuh ukVd ^tSij dh T;kS.kkj* jkS jS fujnslu esa uoacj] 1963 uS ^Hkkjrh; ekFkS O;aX;kRed pksV djSA
eapu 8 uoEcj] 2004 esa t;iqj jS johaæ ukVîlkyk* jh Fkji.kk djhthA l:vkrh jktLFkkuh jaxeap esa fganh jk [;krukao
eap çs{kkx`g esa gq;kSA b.k ukVd jkS t;iqj nkSj esa vk jax laLFkk fganh ukVdka uS ys;uS ukVddkjka jh ukVî jpuk jkS jktLFkkuh
vj mn;iqj esa 9 ckj eapu gq; pqD;kS gSA vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lrj ekFkS lfØ; jS;hA Hkklk esa mYFkkS djuS jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS
laxhr ukVd vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh vj Jh iaokj jS fujnslu esa fganh ukVd flefjèk dj.k esa jktLFkku jk jaxdeÊ]
tokgj dyk dsaæ] t;iqj dkauh lwa 22 ^;knxkj*] vj ^Qt+Z* jkS eapu 1972& ukVî ys[kd&fujnsld vkxS jS;k gSA vS
Qjojh lwa 2 ekpZ 2007 uSa ^jax çfrHkk* 73] 74 esa ljnkj'kgj] tksèkiqj] ukVî :ikarj.k jax ukVd uS vkijh jax
bykgkckn] jkeuxj] uSuhrky esa gq;kSA ukVî “kSyh] jax&dyk lwa [ksY;k gSA vS
Jh lwjtflag iaokj jktLFkkuh jaxeap jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh egrkÅ jax çLrqfr;ka
lk: lu~ 1967 esa jktLFkkuh ukVd ekuh tk; ldSA jktLFkkuh jax Hkklk] uoh
^cnGkS* vj îklkS t.kS iyVS* ukVd jax ifjdYiuk] jktLFkkuh xhr&laxhr jS
fy[;k vj chdkusj] yw.kdj.klj jS laxe lwa jktLFkkuh jaxHkwfe jkS lw=ikr
lkxS&lkxS xkaoka esa eapu dj ?k.kh ljko.kk gq;kSA
ikbZA cjl 1999 esa Hkkjrh; ukVîlkyk fganh jk [;krukao ukVddkj Jh ukx
dkauh lwa lwjtflag iaokj jk ikap ukVdka jkS cksMl fyf[kr ^FkSD;wa ckck ykspunkl* jkS
îapke`r&99* ¼24 lwa 28 ekpZ½ jkS jktLFkkuh ukVîkarj.k ;qok jax fujnsld
vk;kstu VkÅu gkWy] chdkusj esa gq;kSA Hkokuhflag pkSgku fd;kSA vsdyO; fFk;sVj
b.k lekjksg esa jktLFkkuh ukVd ^ykach lkslk;Vh] tksèkiqj dkauh lwa Jh pkSgku jS
ukd* vj ÊgSa Hkksr nkSjkS pkywa* ukVd fujnslu esa vkS ukVd 27&28 vDVwcj
[ksyhtkSA b.kh Hkkar viZ.k vkVZ] chdkusj 2001 uS nks; fnolh; ukVî lekjksg jS
jh ikapoha lkyfxjg ekFkS Hkkjrh; RgSr eafpr gq;kSA vkS ukVd jktLFkkuh
uka o lw a jktLFkku jk ;qok ukVî ukVîlkyk jh jax çLrqfr ^Vkcj rkS QwVjkS yksdukVî jh [;ky “kSyh esa [ksyhtkSA ^FkSadw
fujnsldka jkS lekjksg eukbtkSA b.k gS lk* ekèkqjh dkSf'kd jS fujnslu esa ckck ykspunkl* jkS 10 uoacj 2001 uS
lekjksg esa ^tSij dh T;kS.kkj* jkS eapu vHkwriwoZ jS;hA ekfld ukVd eaphdj.k ;kstukUrxZr
22 Qjojh] 2007 uS jaxk;u tsdsds] cjl 2000 esa Hkkjrh; ukVîlkyk VkÅu gkWy] tksèkiqj esa Qs:a eapu gq;kSA
t;iqj esa gq;kSA ukVd jkS ys[ku vj dkauh lwa jktLFkkuh ukVd îkao.kk ifM;+k bZLV tksu dYpjy lsaVj] dksydkrk jS
fujnslu vfuy ekjokM+h fd;kSA dBS* jkS eapu VkÅu gkWy] chdkusj esa jk"Vªh; ukVî lekjksg esa 30 fnlacj]
Jh vfuy ekjokM+h jkS x.kxkSj ijaijk gq;kSA ukVd jkS ys[ku vj fujnslu 2004 uS ;qok fujnsld Hkokuhflag pkSgku
ekFkS fy[;ksM+kS ukVd ^lQsn Tokjk* ?k.kkS Jh lwjtflag iaokj fd;kSA jktLFkkuh jax jS fujnslu esa vkS ukVd Qs:a vkijkS
pjfpr ukVd gSA vkS ukVd vSfrgkfld ukVdka esa Jh lwjtflag iaokj jk ukVd ijpe Qgjk;kSA b.kht ukVd jkS r[krx<
vj èkkjfed fol;&oLrq ekFkS vkèkkfjr U;kjh vksG[k jk[kSA Hkkjrh; ukVîlkyk] ¼tkykSj½ esa 19 Qjojh] 2005 uS
gSA x.kxkSj ijo uS yksdioZ :i esa chdkusj jax laLFkk jk 41 cjl iwjk gqo.k jktLFkkuh vkapfyd lekjksg esa eapu
fn[kkork Fkdk lkekftd dqjhfr;ka ekFkS ekFkS jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg 2006 ¼22 djhtkSA tokgj dyk dsaæ vj jktLFkku
çgkj djhtkS gSA b.k ukVd jkS eapu 10 lwa 26 Qjojh] ikap fnolh;½ jkS vk;kstu laxhr ukVd vdkneh] tksèkiqj dkauh lwa
Qjojh] 2012 uS jaxk;u] tokgj dyk fd;kSA b.k Hkkar Hkkjrh; ukVîlkyk] rhu fnolh; jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg esa
dsaæ t;iqj esa vfuy ekjokM+h jS fujnslu jktLFkkuh jax vkanksyu esa vkijh egrkÅ ^FkSadw ckck ykspunkl* jkS eapu 29 twu]
esa gq;kSA ukVd jS eapu esa dyk ,oa
2006 uS jaxk;u] tokgj dyk dsaæ] ukVî :ikarj.k jkS eapu 3&4 uoacj] ofj"B jax fujnsld jes'k cksjk.kk jS
t;iqj esa gq;kSA 2007 uS Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl Le`fr fujnslu esa gq;kSA ukVd jh ifjdYiuk]
Jh jkenÙk Fkkuoh jS fy[;ksM+S Hkou esa vsdyO; fFk;sVj lkslk;Vh dkauh ys[ku vj fujnslu Jh jes'k cksjk.kk
jktLFkkuh ukVd ôhj nqxkZnkl jkBkSM+* jkS lwa djhtkSA 5 fnlacj] 2007 uS VkÅu fd;kSA jktLFkku dyk ,oa lkfgR; laLFkku]
eapu 28 vxLr] 2004 uS ofj"B jaxdeÊ gkWy] ckM+esj vj 8 fnlacj] 2007 uS tksèkiqj jh jax çLrqfr tSu lekt jh
MkW- ,l- ih- jaxk jS fujnslu esa e;wj yksddyk eaMy] mn;iqj esa ^HkkaM nqgkbZ* lkèoh fop{k.k Jhth egkjkt jh
ukVî laLFkk tksèkiqj dkauh lwa ukVd Qs:a [ksyhtkSA 29 fnlacj] 2007 uS tuelrh ekFkS m.kka jS çsjd tho.k jh
Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl Le`fr Hkou esa vsdyO; fFk;sVj lkslk;Vh] tksèkiqj dkauh ?kVuk ukVd :i esa eafpr djhthA
djhtkSA tokgj dyk dsaæ] t;iqj esa rhu lwa Hkokuhflag pkSgku jS fujnslu esa bZ b.k fganh ukVddkj 'kadj 'ks"k jS pjfpr
fnolh; jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg 2005 ukVd jkS eapu ekmaV vkcw jS çs{kkx`g ukVd ^lSa;k Hk;s dksroky* jkS jktLFkkuh
esa ^rksrS jh dgk.kh* jkS eapu jktLFkkuh jk esa gq;kSA ukVî :ikarj.k ;qok jaxdeÊ ujsaæ iqjksfgr
ofj"B jaxdeÊ Jh nyir ifjgkj jS ;qok jktLFkkuh ukVddkj Jh gjh'k ch- fd;kSA b.k ukVd jkS eapu jktLFkku
fujnslu esa gq;kSA 'kekZ jkS pkokS ukVd ^vSlks prqj lqtku* laxhr ukVd vdkneh] tksèkiqj jS rhu
fganh jk pkok ukVddkj ef.k eèkqdj jkS jkS fujnslu Jh fofiu iqjksfgr fd;kSA b.k fnolh; gkL; ukVî lekjksg esa VkÅu
fy[ksM+kS ukVd ^nqykjh ckbZ* jkS jktLFkkuh ukVd jkS eapu dYiuk laLFkku] chdkusj gkWy] tksèkiqj esa gq;kSA jax laLFkk jktLFkku
ukVîkarj.k jktLFkkuh jk pkok dFkkdkj] vj laxhr ukVd vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh jh dyk ,oa lkfgR; laLFkku jh jax çLrqfr jS
dfo ukVddkj Jh v'kksd tks'kh ^Økar* HksGi esa fFk;sVj ukbZV~l] 2007 jh RgSr eafpr b.k ukVd jkS fujnslu
fd;kSA ^nqykjh ckbZ* jkS eapu 16 vçsy jktLFkkuh ukVî çLrqfr jS RgSr 7&8 vt;dj.k tks”kh vj enu cksjk.kk jh
2005 uS Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl Le`fr vxLr] 2007 uS chdkusj jS VkÅu gkWy HksGi esa gq;kSA b.kht ukVd jh nwth çLrqfr
Hkou] tksèkiqj esa gq;kSA ;qok jax fujnsld esa gq;kSA b.k Hkkar ;qok jax fujnsld fofiu tokgj dyk dsaæ] t;iqj esa gq;hA
'kCchj gqlSu jS fujnslu vj jax laLFkk iqjksfgr jS fujnslu esa nks; egrkÅ chdkusj jk ;qok jax fujnsld fofiu
jktLFkkuh jax ukVd ^[ksyks iksyeiqj* vj iqjksfgr jktLFkkuh jaxeap jk nks; egrkÅ
^vSlks prqj lqtku* jh ljko.ktksx jax ukVd [ksY;k gSA nsl jk çeq[k ukVî
çLrqfr;ka gq;hA jktLFkkuh jaxeap jS cèkkiS lekjksg esa vka jS ukVd jh jax çLrqfr;ka
esa ^dYiuk laxhr ,oa ukVd laLFkku*] ljkbth gSA fganh jk [;krukao ukVddkj
chdkusj jh lkaoBh vksG[kka.k jS;h gSA ef.k eèkqdj jkS fgUnh ukVd ^[ksyk
jktLFkku dyk lkfgR; laLFkku] tksèkiqj iksyeiqj* gSA b.k ukVd jkS jktLFkkuh
dkauh lwa ofj"B jaxdeÊ vj ukVî mYFkkS ;qok fujnsld fofiu iqjksfgr fd;kSA
fujnsld Jh jes'k cksjk.kk jS fujnslu esa
jktLFkkuh ukVd ^fj'rs* jkS eapu 2 ekpZ]
2008 uS Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl Le`fr
Hkou] tksèkiqj esa gq;kSA osLV tksu dYpjy
lsaVj vj jktLFkku laxhr ukVd
vdkneh] tksèkiqj jh HksGi esa vk;ksftr
jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg esa ofj"B
^vouh* jh jax çLrqfr esa vkS ukVd jaxdeÊ jes'k cksjk.kk fyf[kr vj
[ksyhtkSA ^nqykjh ckbZ* ukVd jh nwth jax fujnsflr jktLFkkuh ukVd ^fj'rs* jkS
çLrqfr tokgj jaxeap] vtesj esa 11 eapu 5 ekpZ] 2009 uS mn;iqj esa gq;kSA
ekpZ] 2006 uS 'kCchj gqlSu jS jax b.kh Hkkar vkse f'koiqjh Le`fr ukVî
fujnslu esa gq;hA lekjksg jS RgSr 22 vDVwcj] 2010 esa b.k
jktLFkku laxhr ukVd vdkneh] ukVd jkS Qs:a eapu gq;kSA
tksèkiqj vj dYiuk laxhr ,oa ukVd jktLFkkuh jax fujnsld nyir ifjgkj b.k ukVd jkS eapu mM+hlk jS cjxM+ esa
laLFkku] chdkusj jh HksGi esa rhu fnolh; fyf[kr vj fujnsflr jktLFkkuh ukVd vk;ksftr cgqHkklh ukVî lekjskg esa
jktLFkkuh ukVî lekjksg 2006 ¼3 lwa 5 ^mej jh mèkkjh* jkS eapu Jh dey dyk fnlacj 2011 uS dYiuk laxhr ,oa ukVd
ekpZ½ rkabZ chdkusj esa gq;kSA 3 ekpZ uS eafnj lkaLd`frd laLFkku] tksèkiqj dkauh lwa laLFkku] chdkusj jh çLrqfr jS :i esa gq;kSA
'kCchj gqlSu jS fujnslu esa ^nqykjh ckbZ* tksèkiqj jS VkÅu gkWy esa vk;ksftr nks; ^lkfgR;&laLd`fr dk lzksr fcanq ^vd`r*
ukVd jkS Qs:a eapu gq;kSA fnolh; ukVî lekjksg ¼4 vj 5 vxLr] dksydkrk dkauh lwa Kkueap ekFkS vk;ksftr
d'ehjh ys[kd ,e- ,y- dsew jh 2012½ esa gq;kSA ^çFke jktLFkkuh ukVî egksRlo 2012 esa
dgk.kh ^HkkaM nqgkbZ* jkS jktLFkkuh ukVî jktLFkkuh ukVd ^nk[kh jh nh{kk* jkS fofiu iqjksfgr jS bZ fujnslu esa ^[ksyk
:ikarj.k Hkokuhflag pkSgku fd;kSA b.k eapu egkohj dkWEiysDl] tksèkiqj esa iksyeiqj* Qs:a [ksyhtkSA
jktLFkku laxhr ukVd vdkneh] lkFkS&lkFkS dyk foèkkoka jh ÅaMh nhBcksèk jktLFkkuh ukVd esa eaph; rduhd vj
tksèkiqj vj ladYi ukVî lfefr] vj m.kjh lektw mi;ksfxrk dkauh ys; vkèkqfud laosnwi.k fy;ksM+kS lkjLor dFkk
chdkusj jh HksGi esa jktLFkkuh ukVî tko.k jk ç;kl vk laLFkk fd;k] tdk jkS vSM+kS esG iSyh nQS ns[k.k uS feY;kS gSA
lekjksg 4 lwa 6 vDVwcj] 2013 uS VkÅu ?k.kk ljko.k tksx gSA MkW- enu eksgu ekFkqj jS fujnslu eka;
gkWy] chdkusj esa eukbtkSA b.k jktLFkkuh ^Hkksik HkS:ukFk* ukVd jkS iSykS eapu ^xokM+h* ukVd [ksyhtkSA Hkkjrh; jax
ukVî lekjksg esa 4 vDVwcj uS ^vSlks 1985 esa HkhyokM+k esa gq;kSA b.kh cjl ijaijk esa jktLFkkuh ukVd vkijh
prqj lqtku* ukVd jkS eapu ;qok HkhyokM+k ftyS jk U;kjk&U;kjk dLcka esa mifLFkfr ntZ djokbZA vkBoSa nld eka;
fujnsld fofiu iqjksfgr jS fujnslu esa P;kj&ikap BkSM+ vkS ukVd eafpr djhtkSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap Hkkjrh; jax ijaijk eka;
VkÅu gkWy esa gq;kSA cjl 1988 esa ^jk’Vªh; ukVî lekjksg* vkijh folsl vksG[k c.kkoSA MkW- pkj.k
jktLFkkuh jaxeap jkS vsd vuwBkS ukVd laxhr ukVd vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh dkauh lwa jkS ukVd ^cksy Egkjh eNyh bÙkkS ika.kh* jkS
gS& Hkksik HkS:ukFkA vkS ukVd eatw xksiky vk;ksftr djhtkS ft.kesa lhjhQksVZ esa vkS iSykS eapu vsdyO; fFk;sVj lkslk;Vh]
jkS fy[;ksM+kS gSA b.k ukVd jkS iSykS eapu ukVd eafpr gq;kSA 1990 esa cgqHkklh
1985 esa gq;kSA vk jax çLrqfr jlèkkjk ukVî lekjksg esa ^Hkksik HkS:ukFk* jkS
lkaLd`frd laLFkku] HkhyokM+k jh gSA b.k dksydkrk esa eapu gq;kSA cjl 1994 esa
laLFkku jh Fkji.kk cjl 1981 esa laHkkxh; ukVî lekjksg] vtesj esa
HkhyokM+k esa gq;hA jlèkkjk vsd Lo;alsoh tokgj jaxeap ekFkS vkS ukVd gq;kSA
laLFkk jS :i esa lkSfd;k jaxdfeZ;ka jS lewg jktLFkku laxhr ukVd vdkneh] tksèkiqj
jS :i esa dsbZ lektw ljksdkjka vj jk’Vªh; dkauh lwa 2002 esa jktLFkkuh ukVî
dk;ZØeka ekFkS U;kjk&U;kjk fol; jk lekjksg] mn;iqj esa vkS ukVd [ksyhtkSA
ukVd c.kk;k vj nsl Hkj esa [ksY;kA 2004 esa t;iqj esa tokgj dyk dsaæ jS
ûkVdka lwa f'k{kk* ç;kstu jS RgSr ukVdka] ukVî lekjksg esa i.k b.k ukVd jkS eapu
xhrka] dBiwrGh ukVd] uqDdM+ ukVdka jkS gq;kSA 26 ekpZ] 2010 uS jktLFkku if=dk
fujeka.k djuS jktLFkku vj jktLFkku lwa vj jlèkkjk laLFkku] HkhyokM+k jh HksGi esa
ckjS U;kjk&U;kjk LgSjka vj xkaoka esa jlèkkjk jh funsld Lo- eatw tks”kh jh tks è kiq j dkauh lwa 27 ekpZ 1979 uS
yxkSrkj çnjl.k ^jlèkkjk* laLFkk fd;kSA Le`fr esa ^Hkksik HkS:ukFk* jkS eapu uxj Jh t;ukjk;.k O;kl Le`fr Hkou esa gq;kSA
lekau mísL;ka okGh laLFkkoka uS vkijkS ifj’kn] HkhyokM+k jS VkÅu gkWy esa ukVd jkS fujnslu [;krukao jaxfpard
lfØ; fljt.kkRed lS;ksx ns;uS] Vkcjka djhtkSA ^Hkksik HkS:ukFk* ukVd jkS MkW- enu eksgu ekFkqj fd;kSA
vj ;qokoka jS lkFkS ukVî dk;Zlkykoka jkS ys[ku&fujnslu vj jax ifjdYiuk lu~ 1980 lwa 1990 okGkS nld
vk;kstu vj çnjl.k ^jlèkkjk* ukVî eatw&xksiky jh gS] tndS ukVd esa laxhr jktLFkkuh jaxeap jkS egrkÅ nld dS;kS
laLFkk jkS egrkÅ i[k gSA vk laLFkk ia- 'kaHkw iaokj jkS gSA vk jax çLrqfr tk; ldSA b.k cxr vkèkqfud nhB jS lkFkS
jlèkkjk lkaLd`fr laLFkku] HkhyokM+k jh Hkklk] dF;] flYi vj uoh jax
èkjksgj gSA ifjdYiukoka jk ç;ksx gq;kA MkW- vtZqunso
vk/kqfud ukVd vj jktLFkkuh jaxeap % pkj.k jS ukVd Êgs jktk Fks çtk* jkS eapu
jktLFkkuh ukVdka uS vj jktLFkkuh uoh jax nhB lwa gq;kSA lu~ 1984 eka;
jaxeap uS uoh nhB vj uoh jaxHkklk y{ehukjk;.k jaxk jkS ^cS:fi;k* ukVd
nso.k esa ofj"B jaxdeÊ] ukVddkj] vk;kS tdkS jktLFkkuh jkS iSykS cksYM ukVd
ukVî fujnsld MkW- vtZqunso pkj.k jkS ekuhtSA vkS ukVd t;iqj jS johaæ jaxeap
ukao fljS vj lS lwa iSyiksr yhjhtSA ekFkS [ksyhtkSA
Hkkjrh; jax ijaijk esa jktLFkkuh jaxeap jktLFkkuh jaxeap jkS lS lwa egrkÅ
lk: uoh tehu MkW- pkj.k jS ukVîdeZ cjl 1980&81 gS tn jktLFkkuh jax
lwa feySA vkijkS iSykS ukVd ^ladfj;kS* laLFkk ^jEer* jh Fkji.kk gq;hA Hkkjrh;
vj nwtkS ukVd ^xokM+h* iksFkh jS :i esa jax ijaijk esa jktLFkkuh ukVdka uS Fkkfir
lkEgha vk;kA iksFkh jkS ukao gkS ^nks; dj.k esa b.k jax laLFkk jkS vHkwriwoZ
ukVd vkt jk*A tksxnkau gSA
jktLFkku jk [;krukao ukVî b.kh nkSj eka; MkW- xksjèkuflag 'ks[kkor
fujnsld] jaxfpard MkW- enu eksgu jk ukVd ^cLrhjke* vj ^rhlekj [kka*]
ekFkqj ^xokM+h* ukVd uS fd.kh Hkklk jkS ch- ,y- ekyh ^v'kkar* jkS ^cksyrk
yks d ukVî] xhr] fujr] yksddFkkoka jS ukaeh ukVd crk;kS vj dS;kS dS eaph; vk[kj*] jked`".k dYyk jkS ôhj rstk*]
“kksèk vj eapu ekFkS folsl dkae fd;kS gSA vis{kkoka jS lkFkS vkS ukVd lkarjS <ax lwa nyir ifjgkj jkS ^lwofV;kS*] fuekZsgh
^jlèkkjk* jkS ewG ea= vfHkO;fä jkS l'kä eafpr fd;kS tk; ldSA fd.kh ekSfyd O;kl jkS ^Hkh[kkS <ksyh*] ^vksGekS] ^lkaorkS*]
ekè;e ukVd gSA ukVd uS yksduqjatu jS lwjtflag iaokj jkS ^bX;kjS gtkj jh
chan.kh*] ekypan frokM+h jkS ^t; Hkhy tutkfr jS yksdfoLokl vj laLd`fr O;kl jk bZ ukVd nsl jk çfrf’Br ukVî
vaèkdkj*] enu eksgu ifjgkj jkS ^vaèkkjkS* ekFkS vkèkkfjr gSA MkW- Hkkuq Hkkjrh lekjksg esa [ksyhtk] ft.kka esa ^vksGekS*]
ukVd v.kwrk pjfpr gq;kA tudfo yksdukVî “kSyh ^xojh* ekFkS vkèkkfjr ^Hkh[kkS <ksyh* vj ^lkaorkS* çeq[k gSA ;qok
ç;ksxkRed ukVd î'kq ukVddkj dqekj x.ks'k jktLFkkuh jaxeap
xk;=h* Hkkjrh; jaxeap lk: egrkÅ ukVî ys[kd gSA okajk
jS çeq[k ukVî lekjksg fy[;ksM+k ukVd ^cq)a 'kj.ka xPNkfe*]
esa [ksY;kS gkSA vk ^yky yksgh jk NkaVk*] ^vsd gh f'kokuh*]
jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh ^vtxj jh yhd* jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk:
egrkÅ jax çLrqfr egrkÅ ukVî jpukoka gSA
ekuh tk; ldSA Lo- v'kksd tks'kh ^ØkUr* jk jktLFkkuh
jktLFkkuh jk [;krukao ukVdka ^tkxrkS jS.kkS gS*] ^jksekal* vj
lkfgR;dkj in~eJh îkolh* jh jax çLrqfr;ka Hkokuhflag
Lo- fot;nkau nsFkk jS pkSgku vj nyir ifjgkj jS fujnslu esa
çfl) yksdksiU;kl gq;hA jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk: ofj’B
^rhMkS jko* jkS ukVî jaxdeÊ] ukVî fujnsld Hkokuhflag
eksgEen lnhd jh jpukoka ekFkS vkèkkfjr :ikarj.k gjh'k pkSgku jkS egrkÅ tksxnkau jS;kS gSA vkijS
ofj’B ukVddkj eèkq vkpk;Z ^vk'kkoknh* Hkknk.kh fd;kS ft.kuS Hkkjrh; jaxeap jh fujnslu esa fganh ukVdka jkS jktLFkkuh
jkS ^varl mtkl* vj ^xqokM+* jkS ukVî gLrh gchc ruohj [ksY;kSA ^rhMkS jko* ukVî :ikarj.k gq;kS vj okauS [;ky vj
eapu ?k.kkS lkjFkd vj çHkkoh gkSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap bZ uha Hkkjrh; jaxeap jh yksdukVî jh nwth “kSfy;ka esa eafpr
jktLFkkuh jax ijaijk eka; miU;kl vj ;knxkj jax çLrqfr;ka eka; lwa vsd ekuhtSA djhtkA Jh pkSgku d'ehjh ukVddkj
dgk.kh jS ukVî :ikarj.k jS eapu jh lu~ 1991&2000 jkS nld jktLFkkuh ,e- ,y- dsew jkS ^HkkaM nqgkbZ* jkS
ijaijk [;krukao fujnsld eèkq vkpk;Z jh jaxeap jkS Lo.kZdky dS;kS tk; ldSA jktLFkkuh mYFkkS dj dqpke.kh “kSyh esa
jaxnhB vj uoh jaxHkklk jh vksG[kka.k vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lrj ekFkS jktLFkkuh [ksY;kSA okajS bZ fujnslu esa ^jksekal* vj
djkoSA vki jktLFkkuh jaxeap esa dgk.kh ukVd vj jktLFkkuh ukVdka jh jax ^FkSadw ckck ykspunkl* jh jax çLrqfr;ka
eapu ijaijk jk iSyk jax fujsnld gSA çLrqfr;ka ?k.kh pkoh vj pjfpr jS;hA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS vkxS cèkkoSA
vki :lh dfo ps[ko] jktLFkkuh uoh jaxHkklk] jax ifjdYiuk] jaxnhB jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh çeq[k jax çLrqfr;ka
dgk.khdkj lkaoj nb;k vj 'kadjflag fy;ksM+kS jktLFkkuh jaxeap lwa Hkkjrh; lwa Hkkjrh; jax ijaijk jkrh&ekrh gq;hA
jktiqjksfgr jh dgk.kh uS ijksVrk Fkdk jaxeap jkrkS&ekrkS gks;kSA cjl 1992 esa cjl 1993 esa laxhr ukVd vdknseh
^Vkcj jh fpëh* vj ^fljSiap* vkn ukVd lkfgR; vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh dkauh lwa dkauh lwa nl cjlka jk fljS ukVdka esa
eafpr fd;kA MkW- vtZqunso pkj.k jh ukVîd`fr êqxrh&xkFkk* jkS p;u gqo.kkS jktLFkkuh
vktknh jS iNS vSfrgkfld] ikSjkf.kd ^èkjetq)* uS jktLFkkuh Hkklk jkS
dFkkudka ekFkS vkèkkfjr O;ax çèkku] iqjLdkj fnjhtkSA ukVd foèkk ekFkS
ç;ksxèkeÊ ukVdka jkS jktLFkkuh jaxeap esa jktLFkkuh Hkklk esa feG.k okGkS
cksyckykS jS;kSA lu~ 1990 esa laxhr ukVd vdknseh jkS vkS iSykS lEekau gkSA b.k
vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh vj jktLFkku laxhr iqjLdkj lwa jktLFkkuh ukVd vj
ukVd vdkneh dkauh lwa if'pe {ks=h; jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka
ukVî lekjksg t;iqj esa jaxpsrk fcpkGS eku&lEeku feY;kSA MkW- pkj.k
MkW- vtZqunso pkj.k jS fujnslu esa jS fujnslu esa ^èkjetq)* jh egrkÅ
^tsBok&ÅtGh* jkS lQG eapu gq;kSA b.kh jax çLrqfr;ka gq;hA Jh fot;nkau nsFkk
lekjksg esa egs'k paidyky jS fujnslu esa jh dgk.kh ^fjtd jh ejtknk* jkS ukVî
xqtjkrh ukVd ^xzg.k* [ksyhtkS tndS fganh :ikarj.k gq;uS Hkkjrh; jaxeap ekFkS vkS
ukVd ^bZlwjh* jkS fujnslu Hkkjrh; jaxeap ukVd [ksyhtkSA ofj"B jaxdeÊ fnus'k
jk [;krukao fujnsld v#.k ikaMs; fd;kSA [kUuk jS fujnslu esa vkS ukVd eafpr
Hkkjrh; jax ijaijk esa jktLFkkuh ukVd gq;kSA cjl 1994 esa MkW- vtZqunso
^tsBok&ÅtGh* jkS eapu uoh jaxHkwfe pkj.k jS ukVd êqxrh&xkFkk* jkS eapu
c.kkoSA jktLFkku jS vkèkqfud jaxeap esa gq;kSA vkS ukVd tokgj dyk dsaæ jS
yksdukVî “kSfy;ka jS ekè;e lwa ukVî ukVî rhFkZ lekjksg esa ;knxkj jax
ç;ksx djuS MkW- Hkkuq Hkkjrh î'kq xk;=h*] çLrqfr jS :i esa eafpr gq;kSA b.kh
^vejcht* vj ^dkydFkk* ukVd [ksY;kA lekjksg esa ^rhMkS jko* ukVd i.k
vS ukVd jktLFkku jS esokM+ vapy jh [ksyhtkSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap esa fuekZsgh

ukVd ^Hkkst ckoGkS ukVd vkijh vksG[k vj fNc c.kkbZ gSA
ehjka cksyS*] ^HkkaM jktLFkkuh jk rhu ukVddkj lkfgR;
nqgkbZ*] ^nqykjh ckbZ* vdknseh iqjLdkj lwa uokT;k tk; pqD;k
gSA ;qok fujnsld gSA iSyk iqjLd`r ukVddkj MkW- vtZqunso
fofiu iq j ks f gr pkj.k] nwtk MkW- T;ksfriqat vj rhtk
^vSlks prqj lqtku*] y{ehukjk;.k jaxk gSA vka jh iqjLd`r
^[ksyk iksyeiqj*] ukVî iksF;ka èkjetq) ¼1992½] ^dawdw
^rstS jkS rst* vkn dcaèk* ¼2000½ vj îw.kZfene~* ¼2006½
jktLFkkuh ukVdka jkS gSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap vj jktLFkkuh
fujnslu dj jk[;kS ukVd jk çorZd MkW- vtZqunso pkj.k uS
gSA ofj’B jaxdeÊ laxhr ukVd vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh dkauh lwa
vkuUn fo- vkpk;Z jktLFkkuh ukVî ys[ku lk: cjl 2013
j a x e a p j k S egrkÅ i[k gS A ^?kjchrh ijchrh*] ^NksVS ewaMS cMh ckr*] jkS laxhr ukVd vdknseh iqjLdkj bZ fey
jktLFkkuh jax fpard MkW- vtZqunso pkj.k
^rhMkS jko*] ^lwjt jkS iwr* vj ;qok pqD;kS gS] tdkS jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk:
jS fujnslu esa êqxrh&xkFkk* ukVd jk’Vªh;
jaxdeÊ uS ukVî fujnsld fnyhiflag vsd lcG i[k gSA vkt jktLFkkuh ukVd
ukVî lekjksg] ubZ fnYyh esa gq;kSA b.k
HkkVh jS fujnslu esa jktLFkkuh ukVd vj jktLFkkuh jaxeap jkS xkSjo'kkyh
lekjksg jh [kcjka jk’Vªh; Lrj jk
^cfynku*] Êgs jktk Fks çtk* jh egrkÅ bfrgkl gSA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uoh jax
v[kckjka esa Nih vj tulÙkk esa [kcj jkS
'kh"kZd gkS& êqxrhxkFkk loZJs"B jgk*A jax çLrqfr;ka gq;hA ifjHkklk c.kkbZ gSA vk[kS Hkkjr jh
MkW- pkj.k jkS vkèkqfud jktLFkkuh ukVd jktLFkkuh jaxeap jh
jaxeap uS uoh Åjek nsoSA cjl 1996 esa egrkÅ jax çLrqfr;ka esa
êqxrh&xkFkk* nwjn”kZu ekFkS Ng ,filksM ^tk=k*] ^teyhyk*]
esa çLrqfr gq;kSA 1991 lwa 1996 rkabZ ^lR;kxzg* vkn jktLFkkuh
êqxrh&xkFkk* jkS eapu nsl jk ukaeh ukVd gSA
jax&egksPNcka esa gq;kSA fganh ukVd jh lkj :i eka; dS;kS tk;
,ClMZ ijaijk esa fy[;ksM+kS ukVd ^vtS lSa ldS gS dS jktLFkkuh ukVdka
ckdh gS* jkS fganh] vaxjsth] mnZw] ejkBh] jkS 110 lky lwa iqjk.kkS
rfey vj rsyqxw Hkklkoka esa vuqokn gq; bfrgkl gSA jktLFkkuh
ukVd vj jaxdeZ eka; dsbZ mrkj&p<ko jax&ijaijk vj jax&egksPNcka esa
pqD;kS gSA vk jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk: jktLFkkuh ukVdka jh egrkÅ jax çLrqfr;ka
xqest jh ckr gSA vk;k gSA vtS rkabZ yxSVxS 150 lwa cÙkk
jktLFkkuh esa ukVd fy[;k tk; pqD;k gSA gq;h gSA ledkyhu Hkkjrh; lkfgR; esa
jktLFkkuh jaxdeZ esa chdkusj jk ofj’B jktLFkkuh ukVdka uS uokS IysVQkje feY;kS
ukVî fujnsld bdcky gqlSu jkS ukao ^dslj foykl* lwa l: gq;h jktLFkkuh
ukVd tkrjk yxkSrkj xfreku gSA lu~ gSA uoh jaxnhB] jaxHkklk lwa jktLFkkuh
?k.kkS pkokS gSA vkijkS jktLFkkuh ukVî ukVd [ksyht jS;k gSA jktLFkkuh jax vj
ys[ku vj jaxdeZ lk: ljko.k tksx 1940 esa jktLFkkuh MªkesfVd lkslkbVh
dkauh lwa jktLFkkuh ukVdka jS eapu jh yksdukVî “kSfy;ka lwa Hkkjrh; jax ijaijk
tksxnkau jS;kS gSA ^vk;ke* jax laLFkk dkauh vfHkHkwr gSA b.k ckr jh lk[k vk[kS nsl jkS
lwa MkW- jktkuan HkVukxj jS fy[;ksM+S ukVd l:vkr gq;hA vktknh lwa iSyka lkekftd]
vSfrgkfld nhB jk ukVd fy[;k x;kA jaxdeZ vj jax&eaMfG;ka HkjSA jktLFkkuh
^x.kxkSj* jkS fujnslu bdcky gqlSu
vktknh jS iNS çsedFkk] èkkjfed] jk ukVddkj vkijS ukVîdeZ lwa
fd;kSA ^x.kxkSj* jkS eapu Hkksiky jS Hkkjr
lkekftd nhB lwa vksrçksr ukVd vk;kA jktLFkkuh jaxeap uS uoh fnlk ns; jS;k gSA
Hkou esa 1987 esa gq;kSA jktLFkkuh ukVd
lu~ 1970 jS iNS jktLFkkuh ukVd jktLFkkuh ukVdka vj jktLFkkuh jaxeap
^vS gksl vkGk yksx* jh bdcky gqlSu jS
jktuhfr] feu[ki.kkS] oSfLod] ikfjokfjd] jkS Hkfol ÅtGkS gSA
fujnslu jax çLrqfr;ka jktLFkkuh jaxeap
jh uoh vksi c.kkoSA lkekftd]
ladYi ukVî laLFkk] chdkusj dkauh lwa vkfFkZ d vj
Hkkjrh; jaxeap jk [;krukao jax fujnsld lkaLd`frd ewY;ka
vQlj gqlSu ^rhMkS jko* ukVd jkS jkS lekos l
çnjl.k djuS Hkkjrh; jax&ijaijk uS djrk Fkdk leS
lcG djhA jktLFkkuh jaxdeZ esa chdkusj jS lkp uSa
jaxdfeZ;ka jkS egrkÅ tksxnkau jS;kS gSA js[kkafdr djSA
ojreku eka; ;qok jax& fujnsld lqèks'k ledkyhu
O;kl jkS jktLFkkuh jaxeap lk: egrkÅ Hkkjrh; lkfgR;
dkae jS;kS gSA vkijk fujnsflr jktLFkkuh eka; jktLFkkuh
fQjksŒ e/;dkyhu lkfgR; jh vk/kqfud nhB
MkW- jkts”k dqekj O;kl
jktLFkkuh dfork vj x| jkS e/;dky eqtc dSowa dS chth Hkklkoka esa tdkS
[kklkS flej/k gSA lkfgR; jh lkSje uS fy[khtkS vj jktLFkkuh esa tdkS fy[ksM+kS
vaosjka rkS b.k ckr lwa uV uha ldka dS chth fuxS vkoS] m.kuS rkdM+h ij rksyka rkS
Hkklkoka jS fcpkGS jktLFkkuh esa x| vj jktLFkkuh jkS lkfgR; U;kjh&U;kjh fo/kkoka
i| nksuwa bZ fo/kkok esa rn lkarjkS fy[khtkSA jS ika.k vj lkfgR; jS lkSan;Z ika.k ?k.kkS
vk/kqfud nhB lwa m.k lkfgR; uS ckaphtS rkS ywaBkS y[kkoSA vk ckr [kkyh dSo.k lk: bZ
Bkg ykxS x| jh nsl ek; U;kjh&U;kjh uha gSA ykjyS cxr e/;dkyhu jktLFkkuh
fo/kkoka jkS tdkS fcxlko vktknh jS iNS lkfgR; jk eksVk&eksVk xzaFkk uS NkaV&NkaVuS
gq;kS] jktLFkkuh esa e/;dky esa gh m.k i<.k jh dqOor djhA Bkg ykX;kS] nwgk jh
fo/kkok esa tcjkS tksj gkSA dS;kS tk; ldS tdh ijaijk fganh esa iuih m.k lwa dha cslh
chth Hkklkoka jS fcpkGS jktLFkkuh jkS jktLFkkuh esa m.kjkS fcxlko gq;kSA vj b.k
e/;dky ?k.kkS lcGkS gkSA gka] vk ckr Hkkar gq;kS dS ?k.kdjk nwgk jk jpf;rk jkS
U;kjh gS dS jktLFkkuh esa e/;dky esa tdkS ukao bZ yksx uha tka.kSA
fy[khtkS] m.k jk :Ik vkt lwa dha U;kjk x| dkauh tksoka rkS m.k esa dFkk jS
jS;k gS] i.k gS okS fy[ksM+kS& lkarjkSA x| jh lkxS&lkxS dFksrj bZ yxkSyx fy[khtkS gSA
Mk;jh] laLej.k] dkxn fy[k.k vkn iÍkoyh] n¶rjh cgh] oalkoyh] [;kr]
lxGh bZ lcGh fo/kkoka esa jktLFkkuh jkS opfudk] nokoSr] okr~ lkfgR; uS i<uS
MkW - jkts Ô k dq e kj O;kl e/;dkyhu lkfgR; FkwFkdkjkS Ugk[k.k vkS bZ Bkg ykxS dS jktLFkkuh esa tdkS m.k
tSM+kS gSA cxr fy[khtkS m.k uS fganh jh Mk;jh]
jktLFkkuh vj fganh jk pkok
fy[kkjkA 14 flrEcj 1973 uS
vsd loky gq; ldS] jktLFkkuh jkS laLej.k] i= vkn reke fo/kkoka esa NkaVuS
chdkusj esa tyeA e/;dky dq.klkS\ b.k uS ys;uS U;kjk& dha uokS xsykS vkykspuk jh nhB lwa c.kk;
^th jS;kS feu[k*] ^dfork nsoS nhB*] U;kjk er gSA eksrhyky esukfj;k 1461 lwa ldkaA b.kh Hkkar i| esa fMaxy&fiaxG rkS
^dykokd~*] ^jaxukn*] ^d”ehj ls 1900 jS fcpkGS uS e/;dky ekauS rkS izkphu fo/kkoka gS i.k e/;dky esa bZ b.kjkS
dU;kdqekjh*] ^>jus yxrs gSa “kCn*] ujksÙke nkl Lokeh jS er lwa vksG[kka rkS tdkS :Ik lkEgha vkoS okS lkarjkS gSA
^lqj tks lts---*] ôSf”od i;ZVu*] 1551 lwa 1900 vj lhrkjke ykyl jh lar&egkRek jh ok.;ka] lk[kh vj vorkj
^Hkkjr esa i;ZVu*] ^jktLFkku esa nhB lwa ns[kka rkS 1461 lwa 1900 jkS cxr pfj= i<rka ykxS dS tdS uS vk/kqfud tqx
i;ZVu izca/k*] ^lkaLd`frd i;ZVu*] e/;dky dS;kS tk; ldSA b.k lxGk bZ esa x| dfork dSoS] ok dfork rkS
lesr eksdGh iksF;ka Nih FkdhA erka uS HksGk djuS lkspka rkS dS; ldka jktLFkkuh esa cjlka iSyh lwa fy[kht.k jh
i;ZVu ea=ky; dkauh lwa ^jkgqy 1451 lwa ys;uS 1900 rka.kh jkS cxr ijaijk jS;h gSA fujxq.k&lxq.k jh mikluk
lkad`R;k;u iqjLdkj*] tulaidZ jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jkS e/;dky dS;kS tk; jS lkxS e/;dky eka; uhfr dkO; jh
i=dkfjrk lk: êk.kd vyadj.k*] ldSA b.kh nkSj eka; 1478 eka; ekf.kD; lkaxkSikax ijaijk iM+hA
jkT; Lrjh; x.kra= fnol ys[ku pan eqalh jh î`Fohpan pfjÙk* rqdkar x| jktLFkkuh jkS e/;dkyhu lkfgR; nwgk lwa
iqjLdkj] jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk lkfgR; ,oa fuxS vkoS rkS vpynkl [khaph jh lk[k bZ [kklrkSj lwa HkjSA nwgk dBS lwa
laLd`fr vdkneh] chdkusj dkauh lwa
ôpfudk* 1480 esa vkoSA Bkg ykxS] vk;k] dksbZ uha tka.kSA i.k dha gS] tdk nwgk
^x.ks”khyky O;kl mLrkn i|
iqjLdkj* lesr eksdGk eqg.kksr uS.klh jh [;kr] ckadhnkl jkS jkS tye laLd`r Hkklk jS ^nks/kd* lwa ekauSA
bukae&bdjkaeA lkfgR; vj ckrikslh jh ijaijk jS lkxS dS;kS tkoS] nwgk yksd pkokS Nan gSA rqd
vckj jktLFkku ljdkj jS lwpuk ,oa êsgksth jh jkek;.k*] ^gkyk&>kyk jh feY;ksM+k i.k csrqd vj v.kesy bZA nks;
tulaidZ foHkkx esa lgk;d funs”kdA dq.Mfy;ka*] fdjikjke f[kfM+;k jk fy[;k vksGîka jkS Nan eryc nwgkSA dBSbZ b.kuS
^jkft;k jk nwgk*] nknwn;ky vj nwtk lark lk[kh bZ dS;kS tkoS rkS jktLFkkuh esa lksjBk
fBdk.kkS % jh ok.;k bZ b.kh nkSj esa fy[khthA bZ b.k Hkkar fuxS vkoSA lk[kh fy[k.k jh
3@39] xka/khuxj] vka lcuS i<rh cxr eu esa vkS fopkj ijaijk ckS) /keZ lwa bZ tqM+h jS;h gSA ^tkx
U;k; iFk] t;iqj bZ nhi&nhikoS dS e/;dkyhu jktLFkkuh eNanj xksj[k vk;kS* tSM+h vksGîka lwa Bkg
94615 00204 lkfgR; esa tdkS fy[khtkS gS] m.k ij ykxS xksj[kiaFkh tdk nwgk fy[;k] oka lwa bZ
vk/kqfud nhB lwa NaVkbZ dj ek[k.k dk< dchj jh ijaijk jkS foxlko bZ nwgk esa
uokS xsykS c.kk;kS tk; ldSA vk ckr b.k gq;kSA
fdjikjke f[kfM+;k tdk uhfr jk nwgk dS;htS dS jkft;k chekjh jS cxr jktLFkkuh e/;dky jS lkfgR; uS
fy[;k oS ?k.kk txpkok gq;kA uhfr jS fel fdjkikjketh jh ?k.kh lsok dhUghA tksorka oàn dfo jkS bZ ukao [kkl rkSj lwa
oka b.kkaesa cxr esa gq;ksM+S cnGko uS fdjikjke dS;kS] EgSa vkSj rkS dha uha dj lkEgha vk;kSA dS;kS tkoS] ^djr dj
ijksVîkA fdjikjke jk ^jkft;k jk nwgk* esa ldwa& Egkjh dye lwa dha vSM+kS d:ayk dS vH;kl&tM+er gksr lqtku* tSM+h vksGîka
cxr jS /kehM+k law miT;k }a} gSA pwafV;k gS Fkwa tx esa vej gq; tkoSykA fdjikjke oàn dfo jh fy[;ksM+h ghA jktLFkkuh esa
vj BkSM+&BkSM+ minslka jS ika.k lansl gSA uhfr jk nwgk fy[;kA gjsd nwgS jS var esa fMaxG&fiaxG nksuqoka esa bZ oka ?k.kdjkS
b.kh ftX;ka vsd eksVh ckr tdh lkEgha jkft;k jkS ukao ekaM nhUgkSA nwgk b.k Hkkar fy[;kSA dksbZ nl xzaFk oka fy[;kA eksVh
vkoS] ok vk bZ gS dS e/;dky esa tdk pkok gq;k dS yksx b.kka jS jp.k okGk lwa ckr vk dS oS chdkusj oklh gk i.k b.kka
fy[kkjk gk] okauS vkijh fiNka.k jh ?k.kh cslh jkft;k uS tk.k.k ykxX;kA vsd nwgkS
ns[kkS&
mitkoS vuqjkx] dks;y eu gfj[kr djSA
dM+oks ykxS dkx] jluk jk xq.k jkft;kAA
Hkklk vj Hkko jh nhB lwa jkft;k jk
nwgk b.k lwa gh fojy gSA fopkj d:a&
dykoka jS nsl jkS tdkS bfrgkl gS] okS b.kh
Hkkar jS;kS gSA oBS vk fd.kh uS Bkg uha gS dS
dks.kkdZ jS feanjk jh ewjR;ka dq.k ?kM+h]
[ktqjkgkS jS f”kYi jk ltZd dq.k gk]
vtark&,yksjk jh dyk uS dq.k mdsjîkA
dyk gS& lkarjh gS i.k oBS dykdkj jkS
ukao uha gSA lkEgha gS lko m.kk jh dykA
vkuan dqekj Lokeh dSoS bZ gS] Hkkjrh;
dyk jh [kkl fiNka.k vk bZ gS fd oBS dyk jk firkth esM+rS tk; cL;kA vkSjaxtsc jS
vM+h uha ghA oS gnHkkar pks[kkS fy[k.k vkxhoka.k gS] dykdkj uhaA e/;dky jkS njckj esa bZ oS jS;k i.k 1764 esa
ekFkS bZ ?k.kkS tksj nsaorkA vk ckr gS] rn gh jktLFkkuh lkfgR; bZ b.kh Hkkar gSA oBS fd'kux< jk egkjktk jktflag oàn uS
rkS fdjikjke f[kfM+;k jk fy[;ksM+k fy[;ksM+kS lkfgR; vkxS gS] m.k jk fy[kkjk cgknqj'kkg lwa ekax fy;kSA ^lR;Lo:i*
^jkft;k jk nwgk* m.kk jh fiNka.k lwa cÙkh ykjSA e/;dky jk bZ ckadhnkl tSM+k dfo okajkS pkokS xzaFk gSA Hkklk] Nan vj lcn
jkft;k uS fiNka.k nsoSA chth fd.kh Hkklk esa lks/;ka bZ uha yk/kSA foU;kl jh nhB lwa lkarjkS xzaFkA oàn lrlbZ
dS;kS tkoS jkft;k f[kfM+;kth jkS lsod blk dfo tdk m.k cxr tn] vsdwavsd esa uhfr jk nwgk gSA
gkSA m.kjS dksbZ Vkcj uha gkSA b.k lwa okS dj lxGh jktiwrh fj;klrka jk jktk tq) b.kjS vykok ^vorkj pfj=* jk
gesl mnkl jSorkSA fdjikjketh uS Bkg fcuk bZ vkiuh fj;klrka vaxzstk uS lwai jpf;rk ujfgjnkl ckjgB bZ e/;dky jk
iM+îkS tn oka dS;kS] Fkwa lQk MksQkS gSA oal nhUgh gh] rn oS fy[kS& ^vk;kS baxjst gh fy[kkjk gSA ujgfjnkl tks/kiqj ujs'k
larku lwa bZ uha pkyS] FkkjS [kqn jS ukao lwa eqyd jS Åij] vkgal yh/kk [kafp mjkA egkjktk xtflag izFke jk vkfJr dfo
pkySykA EgSa vSM+kS dkae FkkjS ukao lwa dj gkA vsd lkarjkS latksx fuxS vkoS dS
/kf.k;k ejS u nh/kh /kjrh] /kf.k;k ÅHkka
nsowayk dS Fkwa vej gq; tkoSykA ujgfjnkl uS okajh HkkHkh fuiwrk gqo.kS
xbZ /kjkAA
dkj.k dnSbZ eS.kkS nhUgkSA ujgfjnkl dS;kS
Ckakdhnkl HkkafM;kokl xkao esa 1828 esa
vkSykn rkS uha gS i.k EgkjkS oal vj Egkjh
tyE;kA fMaxG jk fo}kau bZ oS gk i.k lkxS
fiNka.k Egkjh jpukoka gqoSykA vk bZ gqbZA
bZ lkxS vklq dfo gkA okajS ckjS esa i<rka
fiaxG esa oka ^vorkj pfj=* tSM+kS folky
vpjt gqoS& ;knnkLr okajh ?k.kh ghA
xzaFk fy[;kS rkS ^vejflagth jk nwgk* bZ oka
jktiwrkuS jS jktkoka jkS fcuk tq) dfj;k
fy[;kSA oka yxSVxS 16&17 xzaFk fy[;kA
vaxjstk jh v/khurk Lohdkj dj.kkS okauS
b.k cxr e/;dkyhu jktLFkkuh jS
Hkksr v[kjîkSA vkijS fy[;S esa b.kh dkj.k
lkfgR; jkS xksrkS gh yxk jS;kS gwaA b.k Hkkar
oka 1857 jS xnj lwa iSyka bZ lcnka lwa
vpjt jk xzaFk vj okajk jpukdkj
geykS dj nhUgkSA jktkoka lk: fy[k.kkS
yxkSyx lkEgha vk; jS;k gS dS okajh foxr
lkSjkS uha gkS i.k ckadhnkl vy[k txk;
esa ys; tkowayk rkS fy[k.k lwa fudG.k jkS
nhUghA lw;Zey ehl.k b.kh nkSj esa& ^byk
dksbZ xsykS bZ uha yk/kSykA vkykspdh; nhB
u ns.kh vki.kh] gkyfj;kS gqyjk;* tSM+h
lwa eu gnHkkar gj[k eSlwlS gSA vkS gj[k
jpukoka dj vktknh jh vy[k txkbZA
fdjikjke th jkft;k uS ys;uS nwgk ft;ka bZ cslh i<htS] fc;ka bZ cslh c/kSA
ohj lrlbZ esa oka ohjka uS izsj.kk nso.k jkS
fy[;kA vsd nwth ckr b.k isVS vk bZ dkae djîkSA
fQjksŒ fMaxŒ lkfgR; esa ohj vj izse jl jh vo/kkj.kk
MkW- ehuk{kh cksjk.kk
jktLFkku jh vk /kjrh ekau&euokj jh] X;kau vj vkn'kZ jh uhao ekFkS vkijS dkO;
gsr&izse jk xhrka jh] x<&dksVka&Egyka jh] jkS fuekZ.k djîkSA fMaxG jkS lkfgR; x|
lar&lrh&lwjeka jh /kjrh gSA b.k /kjk vj i| nksuwa esa ?k.kkS fy[khtkSA vBS jh
lk: dS;htkS gS& fL=;ka tyeHkkse jS okLrS vkijS lrhRo jh
ty ÅaMk] FkG mtGk] ukjh uoGS os"kA fjPNîk djhA vk /kjrh tkSgj] lkdk]
iq#"k iV~Vk/kj uhits] vsgM+kS e#?kj ns'kAA R;kx] cfynku vj tho.k jh ifo= BkSM+
b.kh Hkkar xjc xqest dj.k tksx vBS jkS jS;h] vka jkS bfrgkl tq) vj ohj iqj[kka
lkfgR; gSA vkS lkfgR; tdkS fMaxG esa jh dhjrh vj fuMjrk lwa Hkfj;ksM+kSAA
jPksM+kS gS] tdkS v.keki vj v.kikj gSA fMaxG dkO; esa izse jh iqdkj] ohjrk dh
fMaxG lkfgR; izkphu jktLFkku jh vewY; gwadkj] fojg jh rM+i] eerk] okRlY; gSA
/kjksgj gSA jktLFkkuh jkS fMaxG dkO; b.kh lk: vkS dkO; gh;S esa je tkoSA b.k
'kkL= fol; jh nhB lwa ?k.kkS fofo/k vj lkfgR; esa dfo;k ukjh 'kfDr jS izfr vknj
lxGk jlka lwa ljkcksj fuxS vkoSA b.k vj J)k jk Hkko izdV djîk] eka jS :Ik
dkO; esa HkfDr jk lqj lq.khtSA tq)&Hkwfe esa oanu] ohjkax.kk jS :Ik esa m.k jh ryokj
esa ohj jl jh jxr /kkjk fuxS vkoS rkS jkS yksgkS ekU;kS] rkS HkS.k jS :Ik esa m.k lwa
fl.kxkj jl jk fprjkae thork&tkxrk izsj.kk xzg.k djh vj x`g&y{eh jS :Ik esa
y[kkoSA dS; ldka gka dS fMaxG jS b.k dkO; m.k jkS lEekau djîkSA b.k lkfgR; esa izse
MkW - ehuk{kh cks j k.kk esa ohjrk] HkfDr vj fl.kxkj jh f=os.kh rRo ejtknk] 'kkyhurk jh lhekoka esa
izokfgr gqbZ gSA O;Dr gq;kS gS ftuesa ckr c.kko] :Ik&
tye % Qjojh 1976 esa pkok jktLFkkuh jkS fMaxG lkfgR; tho.k jkS lkSan;Z] izsekfHkO;fDr jkS vSM+kS esGtksM+ fuxS
jaxdehZ Jh jes”k cksjk.kk jS vkax.kS lkfgR; gS vkS lkfgR; tho.k jS lkFkS ?k.kkS vkoS dS izhr jk ikj[kh b.k esa vkijS Hkkoka
tyeA xgjkS laca/k jk[k.k okGkS gSA fMaxG lkfgR; jkS izfrfcac ns[k.k ykxSA
i<kbZ % ,e-,- ¼jktLFkkuh] yksd tho.k esa izsj.kk] cgqjaxh fp=] m.k esa izpqj fMaxG lkfgR; tu&tho.k jS lq[k&nq[k
iz”kklu½] ih&,p-Mh- ¼jktLFkkuh½ ek=k esa feySA turk jk lq[k&nq[k] vklk jkS dkO; gS ft.k esa jktLFkkuh Hkklk jkS
Nih iksF;ka % fujklk] meax] vk?kkr] gkL;] :nu jkS 'kq) lkfgfR;d :Ik lkEgha vkoS vj vkS
jsornku pkj.k& O;fDrRo vj d`frRo] ekfeZd vadu gSaA lkfgR; jh lewph fo/kkoka lkfgR; vkijh fo'kq)rk vj O;kidrk jS
jktLFkkuh gjtl vj okf.k;ka jkS lqanj o.kZu gS] fol; jh fofo/krk bZ m.k dkj.k Lrqfr dj.k tksx gSA b.k lkfgR; esa
[kkl % esa de uha gSA izseh&izsfedk jh nqfo/kk] latksx&fotksx]
ykjyS 15 cjl lwa U;kjh&U;kjh izkd`r vj viHkzal lwa mn~Hkwr fMaxG mRlqdrk] lkekftd ca/ku vkn jk Hkko
i=&if=dkoka esa dforkoka] vkys[k] jktLFkku jh turk jS [kkl ojx jh jfp;k&cfl;k gSA <ksyk ek:] jru jk.kk]
“kks/k i= NI;k FkdkA vfHkO;fDr jkS ek/;e jS;hA fMaxG ftdh ewey&egsanz] fugkyns&lqYrku] tsBok&
jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr jktLFkkuh jS ukao lwa tka.kh tkoS] vkijh ÅtGh] ukxth&ukxerh vkn izse xkFkkoka
vdkneh] chdkusj jh dk;Zlfefr esa i.k U;kjh vksG[k jk[kSA e: Hkklk vj vSM+h gS ft.kesa tqx&tqx lwa tuekul
lnL; bZ jS;kA fMaxG jkS lkE; crkork Fkdk] vkijS izse jh vuqHkwfr xzg.k djrkS
gky % lgk;d vkpk;Z] jktLFkkuh MkW- ghjkyky ekgs'ojh fy[kS dS] vk;kS gSA
foHkkx] t; ukjk;.k O;kl fo”o ^^Dingal Gits and their metrical jktLFkku jh laLd`fr vj lkfgR; jS
fo|ky;] tks/kiqj structure have been treated as Jho)Zu esa dfo;ka vj fo}kuka jh egrkÅ
the same as the metres of Maru BkSM+ jS;h gSA dfo dS jpukdkj vkijS tqx
fBdk.kkS % Bhasa (otherwise called jkS lkaxkSikax oj.ku djSA m.k tqx jh
eaxy izkax.k Marwadi Bhasa, Marubhum lkekftd] jktuSfrd vj /kkfeZd
ekuth jkS gRFkkS Bhasa etc.). This also ifjfLFkfr;ka jkS fp=.k m.kjS dkO; esa ns[k.k
ikoVk ch&2 jksM establishes that Maru Bhasa uS feySA
tks/kiqj and Dingal are identical.** jktLFkkuh lkfgR; esa ohj jlkRed
fMaxG dfo;ka vkijh leFkZ ijaijk lkfgR; jh vsd ykach ijaijk jS;h gS vj
Fkkfir dj.k lk: ihf<;ka jS vuqHko] eksdGkS lkfgR; jphtkSA ohj jl jh b.k
dkO; /kkjk esa fMaxG jk [kqekujklkS] efgek bZ vuar gSA izse tBS Hkxrka vj ch>ks iwNS lksjBh ! izhr fdrk e.k gks;\
i`Fohjkt jklkS] Jh/kj O;kl jkS j.key larka lk: bZ'oj izkfIr jkS y{; gkS rkS ykxrM+h yk[kka e.kk] VwVh Vkad u tks;AA
Nan] flonkl xkM.k jh vpynkl [khaph ykSfdd thou esa ekuorkoknh Hkkoukoka jh fiz; lwa v[kwV izse Hkkouk vj fu"Bk jS
jh opfudk] bZljnkl jksgfM+;k jkS gkyk tksr txko.k okGkS gSA ik'pkR; fo}kau lkFkS fcNksg jh rM+Ik uS trko.k okLrS es?k]
>kyk jk dqaMfy;k bR;kn dkO; xzaFkk esa ohj MkW- ,e-lh-Mh- ,sjs jS eqtc izse rRo Hkzej] iou] dkx] gal] dqjtk] iihgk
jl jkS vlk/kkj.k o.kZu gq;kS gSA ekuo LoHkko ftÙkkS bZ iqjkru gSA izse uS vkn jS lkxS lanslk Hkst.k jh ijaijk ft.k
tyerS Vkcj uS eka ohjrk jk laLdkj ys;uS fofHkUu Hkklkoka esa v.keki lkfgR; Hkkar fMaxG dkO; esa feyS ok vkijkS tknqbZ
fl[kkoS vj gkyfj;kS gqyjkorh ej.k ioZ jfp;kS x;kS gSA vlj nh[kkorh y[kkoSA fiz; fey.k jh
jkS egrc le>koSA egkdfo lw;ZeYy vkS lkfgR; izse dFkkoka] xkFkkoka] izca/k mrkoGh mMhd jk vSM+k fprjkae ijxV
ehl.k fy[kS& dkO;] LQqV Nanka vj yksdxhrka esa lek;sM+kS gqoS dS fgM+nS esa je tkoSA ekjo.kh jS izse
bGk u ns.kh vki.kh gkyfj;S gqyjk;A gSA Hkkar&Hkkar jk dfo;ka vkijh 'kSyh vj jh ijkdk"Bk gh dS ok dkxk uS dSoS ts Fkaw
iwr fl[kkoS iky.kS] ej.k cMkbZ ek;AA vuqHkwfr jS vuqdwy b.k izse Hkkouk uS EgkjS <ksyk jS vko.k jk lekpkj nsoSyk rkS
jktLFkku jh /kjka ekFkS Hkkar Hkkar jk vksirh] vkstiw.kZ] fujkyh 'kSyh esa of.kZr EgSa FkUuS EgkjkS dkGtkS [kko.k lk: nsowaykA
lwjohj tye fy;kS] T;wa tq) ohj] djîkS gS& dmvk] fnÅa c/kkb;ka] izhre esyS eqT>A
/kjeohj] nkuohj vj n;kohj vkn tdk vdFk dgk.kh izse jh] fd.k lwa dgh u tk;A dkf<+ dGstm vki.km]
cxr&cxr ekFkS vkijS ukao uS lkFkZd xwaxS dk liuk Hk;k] lqej&lqej filrk;AA Hkkstu nsmayh rq>AA
djrk jS;kA ohj HkksX;k olqa/kjk jS lkj b.k izse iz/kku lkfgR; esa uk;d& Hkw[k x;h] frl ohljh] funzk gq;h fouklA
Hkfj;S lw= uS fMaxG dfo;ka ?k.kS :ikGS <ax ukf;dkoka jS fcpkGS lgt] lkfRod izse lwuS fiatj gwa fQ:a] tho rqEgh.kS iklAA
lwa mtkxj fd;kS gSA lw;ZeYy ehl.k jS fuxS vkoSA izse jS bErgkau esa vS cMk&cMk fMaxy dkO; esa izse i=ka jh ckuxh ns[kk
lcnka esa /kjrh jkS /kje vj ejnkbZ jkS ladVk jkS lkEg.kkS djS] nqle.kka lwa VDdj rkS vSM+kS vuqHko gqoS dS ukf;d&ukf;dkoka
eje i<.k tksx gS& ysoSA lksjB uS cpko.k lk: jko [kaxkj vsd&nwtS jS flok; chtS dkauh lkspS bZ
[kkBh dqG jh [kkso.kk] usis ?kj ?kj uhanA vk[kjh ne rka.kh tq) djS] <ksyk ejo.k dksuhaA b.k izse lanslk esa izsfedk vkijS
jlk daokjh jkorka] ohj frdks gh ohanAA Åejk vj lwejk jS geys jkS lkEg.kkS djS] izseh lk: xje Hkkr uha [kkoS D;wadS&
jktLFkkuh jh fMaxG dkO; /kkjk esa ohj lS.kh jkS gkFk idM+.k lk: chtk.kan izhre rksb dkj.kS] rkrk Hkkr u [kkfgA
jl jS o.kZu lkFkS j.kHkwfe jkS ftdkS ltho taxG&taxG HkVdS] tyky cwcuk lwa fg;M+k Hkhrj fiz; clb]
fp=.k feyS] m.kjS tSM+kS nwth BkSM+ L;kr~ bZ fey.k lk: Hkkar&Hkkar jk tru djS vj nk>.krh MjikfgAA
feySA fol; jS eqtc Hkklk vj /ofu jS ukxth uS rkS vkijk izka.k rka.kh rt.kk vk lkfgR; jh lS lwa eksVh ÅapkbZ fuxS
vuq:Ik Nan lwa fMaxG jkS Me: xwatS m.k iM+SA bÙkkS gqork Fkdk bZ vkS lkfgR; vkoSA izse tn pje lhao rkabZ iwx tkoS rn
cxr uS egkdfo Jh/kj O;kl vk[kjka esa vk'kkoknh vj ldkjkRed lksp jk[kS vj ru&eu jh lq/kcq/k [kks; tkoSA b.kjkS
b.k Hkkar <kGS& vk bZ b.k lkfgR; jh lS lw cM+h [kkfl;r mnkgj.k tSu dfo fou;&izHk jfpr dkO;
QqjQqjfg yEc vyEc vyEcfj] ust fudV gS dS b.k esa izseh&izsfedk vkijS izse uS izkIr ^fo|k foykl* esa ns[k.k feyS&
fjarjaA uha dj ldS rkS bZ fujkl uha gqoS] vkxyS tksxu T;wa /;kowa rl /;kuk]
HkjHkjfg Hksfj e;ad Hkwdj] HkjfG Hkwfj tye esa fey.k jh dkeuk djSA D;wadS m.kk fclj x;s lHk eklks KkukA
Hk;adjaA jkS izse vkfRed OgS] nsg u"V OgS vkRek uha] izse ckcr tk;lh Bhd bZ dS;kS gS dS
nM+nM+h nM+nM+ dkfj nM+cM+] nsfl fnlh b.k Hkkar fo'kq) izse Hkkouk jkS tdkS izeka.k êkul izse] HkVsÅ cSdqaBhA* b.k izse jS
nM+oM+bZA fMaxG izse dkO; esa feyS nwth ftX;ka dkj.kS bZ izse fnokuh ehjka vej gq;xhA
lapjbZ ld lqjrk.k lkg.k] lkglh lfo nqyZHk gSA lwjnkl bZ dS;kS ^lclw Åaph izse lxkbZA*
lejbZA b.kh lk: jfo ckcw jkS dFku lkp gS& izse iFk cMkS nkSjkS gSA b.kh lk: dfo;ka
jktLFkkuh lkfgR; esa fMaxG jh vsd ^^jl lkfgR; esa tks Hkko gS] m}sx gS og vkijkS dfo /kje fuHkkork Fkdk b.k ekjx
[kkfl;r vk bZ gS dS vBS ohj vj jktLFkku dk [kkl viuk gSA og dsoy ekFkS vko.k okGh vc[kkb;ka dkauh lpsr
fl.kxkj jkS vuks[kkS esG nhlSA ohj dkO;ka jktLFkku ds fy;s gh ugha] lkjs Hkkjr o"kZ bZ djrk] T;wa xqykck Hkaojk jh okjrk esa
esa tBS tq) jkS o.kZu gS mBS fl.kxkj jkS ds fy;s xkSjo dh oLrq gSA** dfo dSoS&
o.kZu bZ lkarjkS gSA lw;ZeYy ehl.k jh ohj lkfgR; esa izse rRo vkijh fojkVrk jS izhr u lkfgc dhft;s] izhr fd;k nq[k gks;A
lrlbZ esa ohj vj fl.kxkj jkS lkarjkS dkj.k dqnjr jS lkxS vsd vi.kk;r vj izhrfuHkkoudfBugS] ukgfj&e`x xfr tks;A
esG gSA ekuoh; fjLrkS dk;e djS b.kh [kkrj b.k izse iz/kku dkO; jh lS lwa cMh
izse ekuo tho.k jh vsd lgt fojrh lkSan;Z ewyd] miekoka] :idka vj [kkfl;r vk bZ gS dS b.kjk ?k.kdjk
gSA txr jkS vk/kkj izse bZ gS vj txr jkS mRizs{kkoka esa dqnjr vkijh Hkko&Hkafxekoka uk;d&ukf;dkoka&jkt Egyka lwa lacaf/kr uha
lxGkS O;ogkj izse lwa bZ pkySA izse jkS thoar :Ik esa ijxV djS gSA b.k ckr jh gk vj lkekU; tu gSaA vr% fMaxG jkS vkS
izlkj ekuo tho.k esa bZ uha] Ik'kq&i{kh vj iqf"V jktLFkkuh jk lxGk izsek[;ku lgt fl.kxkfjd dkO; tho.k jh okLrfod
ouLifr txr essa bZ ns[k.k uS feySA izse jh :Ik lwa djSA ?kVukoka lwa mn~Hkwr izse jh rhoz] fu'Ny
vj ekfeZd vfHkO;fDr nso.k okGkS gSA ist 11 jkS ckdh--- ghA P;k:a y?kqdFkkoka f”kYi fo/kkau jh nhB
b.k Hkkar fMaxG dkO; esa izse rRo jS lwa [kjh gSa i.k vka jh y?kqdFkkoka iNS vkSj
dkj.k izse esa xgurk] fojg osnuk] fiz; jh laxzS ^fef.k;k eksrh* ¼2008½ eka; ofj’B Nih gqoS] EgkjS fuxS esa uha vk;hA
fljS BkSM+] izse jh ,dkxzrk] mikyaHk] y?kqdFkkdkj Hkaojyky Hkzej vkijS vkys[k jktLFkkuh ysf[kdkoka uS y?kqdFkk ys[ku
mMhd] lqxu fopkj bR;kn b.k Hkkar ^y?kqdFkk jk ikaoMk % vsd bfrgklw nhB esa* dkauh c/kuS b.kuS flej/k dj.k jh ywaBh
vsdesd gq;k gS dS b.k fMaxG dkO; esa lwa efgyk y?kqdFkkdkjka isVS dha vksGh fy[kS& t:r gSA
foyx dj.kk vlaHko gSA b.k dkO; esa izse ^îq’iyrk d”;i fganh vj jktLFkkuh nksuwa miU;kl %
rRo tho.k uS izsj.kk rkS nsoS bZ gS i.k vkS Hkklkoka eka; eksdGh y?kqdFkkoka fy[kh gS-- vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh efgyk ys[ku esa
izse rRo tho jh tM+h c.k tho.k jkS vVwV vkijh Hkklk] “kSyh vj f”kYi foxflr vj miU;kl fo/kk esa lS lwa fljS ukao lq[knk
vax c.kX;kS gSA jktLFkkuh jkS fMaxG dL;ksM+kS--- vka jS ys[ku eka; ^cksYMus”k* dNokg vj clarh iaokj jk gSA clarh
lkfgR;] lkfgR; vj bfrgkl nksuwa bZ nhB lko fuxS vkoSA vka jh y?kqdFkkoka iSyka iaokj uS jktLFkkuh esa iSyh efgyk
lwa vf}rh;] foy{k.k vj vuqie gSA fganh eka; tl dek;uS iNS jktLFkkuh miU;kldkj gqo.k jkS luekau gkfly gSA
vkst] ek/kq;Z lwa jflT;kM+kS vkS lkfgR; ikBdka lkEgha vk;h---A vkijkS tksxnkau vkijkS miU;kl ^lkSxu* ?k.kkS pkokSA
vkijh NVk fc[ksj jS;kS gSA b.kh lk: ?k.kkS egrkÅ vj ?k.keksykS--- vsd bZ lq[knk dNokg jkS miU;kl ^feV~Bw*
dS;htkS gS & y?kqdFkkdkjk gS efgykoka eka; ftdk jh eksdGkS ljkbtkSA deyk deys”k jkS ^jk/kk*
ohj jl okykg] xwatS fMaxy xhrM+kA y?kqdFkkoka cxr&cxr ckap.k uS feySA** vj tsck j”khn jkS ûsg jkS ukrkS* miU;kl
lg lq.k.kS okykg] vkikS HkwyS vkijkSAA iq’iyrk jh y?kqdFkkoka lu~ 1979 lwa bZ ?k.kk l[kjkA
fMaxG jkS xkSjo Qxr jktLFkkuh lkfgR; yxkSyx NiSA jktLFkkuh jS iSyS y?kqdFkk jktLFkkuh ysf[kdkoka jS ^fQD”ku*] nwth
esa mn~?kkfVr uha gq;kS] vfirq nwth Hkklkok ladyu ^jktLFkkuh y?kqdFkk* ¼la- “;ke fo/kkoka jh jpukoka] d`fr;ka lwa :c: gqork
jS okaXe; esa bZ fMaxG jkS xkSjo vafdr gS& egf’kZ] 1982½ esa vka jh nks; y?kqdFkkoka Fkdk ukjh&lalkj jk [kkle[kkl vuqHkoka
o;.k Hkyka ejn ok;dka ^:[kkGk* vj ^feLVj ,MoksdsV* NihA lwa nks;&P;kj gqo.k jkS ekSdkS feySA vsd
tkM+k vk[kj tfjan] ^jktLFkyh* jS y?kqdFkk fo”ks’kkad vDVwcj vSM+kS vuqHko lalkj ftdkS efgyk jS
c.kh t ihaxG chan.kh 1979 uS bZ iksFkh :i nhjhtkS gkSA vuqHko vj vkdka{kk jkS bZ fgLlkS gqoSA
cf.k;ksa fMaxy chanA ^tkxrh tksr* jS twu 2003 vad esa
lkfo=h pkS/kjh jh P;kj y?kqdFkkoka Nih
ist 15 jkS ckdh---- miU;kl êsoS jk :a[k* iqjLd`r fOg;kSA b.kh Hkkar jktLFkku
lkfgR; vdkneh mn;iqj] jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr
lS lwa fljS miU;kldkj ekU;k tkoSA jktLFkkuh Hkklk jk vdkneh chdkusj jS lkxS&lkxS dsbZ lkfgfR;d] lkekftd]
vkykspd] lkfgR;dkj vj 'kks/kkFkhZ fganh Hkklk jk miU;kl 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkoka lqnkek uS m.kk jh lrr lkfgR; lk/kuk lk:
lezkV eaq'kh izsepan lwa b.kk jh rqyuk cxr&cxr dsbZ iqjLdkjka lwa iqjLd`r
djSA b.k BkSM+ EgSa vk bZ crko.kh pkow vj lEekfur dfj;kA
dS vUukjke lqnkek jh jktLFkkuh ek;M+ Hkklk jkS vkS liwr vkijS
lkfgR; lk/kuk uS ys;uS nks; 'kks/k&izca/k uS.kka esa ^jktLFkkuh Hkklk uS
bZ fy[khtk gSA b.k esa vsd t; ukjk;.k laoS/kkfud ekurk* fey.k jkS liukS
O;kl fo'o fo|ky; tks/kiqj jS latks;k 2 tuojh 2014 uS lqjx
jktLFkkuh foHkkx esa MkW- lksukjketh fl/kkjX;kSA lqnkekth vkijh jpukoka
fc'uksbZ jS funsZ'ku esa vj nwtkS chdkusj eka; dsbZ ckj mnkgj.k ns;uS vkijh
jk MkW- enu lSuh jS funsZ'ku esaA b.k ÅtGh vj lcGh lksp jkS
egrkÅ ckr vk dS vS nksuwa bZ 'kks/k [kqyklkS dfj;kS dS& ^^lqjx vj ujx
izca/k vUukjke lqnkek uS jktLFkkuh jk vBS b.k /kjrh ekFkS bZt gSA pks[kk
lS lwa fljS miU;kldkj crkork Fkdk dke djf.k;ka vUrr% lQy gqoS vj
m.kk uS jktLFkkuh Hkklk jk miU;kl& [kksVk dke djf.k;ka thorka Fkdka bZ
lezkV fl) djSA dSo.k jkS eryc vkS ujd HkksxSA**
dS jktLFkkuh miU;kl lkfgR; esa vkt ldy jktLFkkuh lkfgR;
vUukjke lqnkek jkS okS bZ tksxnkau txr uS vUukjke lqnkek jh lkfgR;
ekU;kS tk; ldS tdkS fganh miU;kl lk/kuk ekFkS ?k.kkS xqest gSA ek;M+
lkfgR; esa eqa'kh izsepan jkS ekuhtSA Hkklk esa ekafM+;ksM+k m.kk jk vk[kjka esa
lu~ 1978 esa lkfgR; vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh dkauh lwa m.kk jkS m.kk jh dhjr lnk vej gSA

jktLFkkuh dFkkdkj ckjhd ckr jkS cstksM+ fljtd % jkeLo:i fdlku
MkW- lR;ukjk;.k lksuh
^fy[k.kkS vklku Qxr oka lk: gqoS okauS l[r uQjr gSA oS esgur ekFkS
tdk esa vkRekykspuk jkS vHkko gqoS % HkjkslkS djS vj vkijh vsd&vsd jpuk
chtS lcnka esa& tdk izfrHkklkyh uha ekFkS eghuka rkabZ dkae djSA vkS esgurh
gqoS] ftdka uS fy[k.k jkS tquwu gqoS] fetkt okauS [ksrh lwa bZ feY;kS gSA oS
okauS vkS dkae lks[kkS ykxSA fy[k.kkS lkfgR; esa bZ [ksrh nkabZ ipSA gjsd cxr
dM+h esgur jkS dkae gS] Fkdk nso.k lkfgR;e; jSo.k okGk fdlku fljt.k uS
okGkS& foukldA* îkVZ Vkbe tkWc* eku.k okGk rFkkdfFkr
& vysDlsbZ rksyLrks; ys[kdka uS QVdkjS] D;wadS oS [kqn fljt.k
uS eq[;deZ ekuS( okajkS iwjkS ys[ku felu jS
MkW - lR;ukjk;.k lks u h :lh lkfgR;dkj vj fopkjd Hkko lwa gSA oS ys[ku lwa lkekftd cnGko
vysDlsbZ rksyLrks; jkS vkS dFku jk gkeh gSA
10 ekpZ 1969 uS ijyhdk esa jkeLo:i fdlku ekFkS lVhd cSBSA jkeLo:i fdlku ekDlZoknh gS] i.k
tyeA firk Jh pqUuhyky lksuh vj fdlku jktLFkkuh jk izfrHkklkyh vj okajS fljt.k ekFkS fopkj/kkjk gkoh uha gSA
ekrk Jherh deyk nsohA esgurh lkfgR;dkj gSA oS ftrjk esgurh fopkj/kkjk okajS fljt.k jS ekjQr
,e-,- ¼fganh] jktLFkkuh½] ch-,M] gS mrjk bZ vkRekykspdA okajS vBS fljt.k vkyksfdr gq;uS dykRed :i /kkjSA fparu
ih&,p-Mh-A vj lze vsdesd gSA rjslB jh mez esa uS dykRed :i nso.k jkS gquj dksbZ
Nih iksF;ka %
vkt bZ [ksr esa [kwc ipSA oS lhekar fdlku fdlku lwa lh[kSA okajh gjsd dgk.kh vj
?kelk.k] /kku dFkkoka ¼jktLFkkuh gSA fd.kh Hkklk jkS ys[kd mez jS rhljS dfork esa dksbZ u dksbZ fparu vol cksySA
dgk.kh½ iM+ko esa [ksrh ljh[kkS vc[kkS vj dBksj jktLFkkuh lkfgR; esa jkeLo:i fdlku
fganh esa dsbZ cky iksF;ka bZ Nih FkdhA deZ djrkS fljt.kjr jSoS rkS vkS fd.kh iSyk vSM+k jkbVj gS tdk jh fparu iz/kku
bukae&bdjkae %
vtwcS lwa de uha gSA fd.kh feu[k uS c/ksM+h dgkf.k;ka jh ewG laosnukoka vj /ofur
ekjokM+h lEesyu] cacbZ jkS ?ku”;ke nk<h vj ?kalsM+k xkHkka esa ÅaVxkM+S ekFkS HkkokFkkZa rkabZ leh{kdka jh igqap uha c.k
nkl ljkQ loksZÙke jktLFkkuh cSBuS fur [ksr tkorkS ns[k dq.k dS; ldS ldh gSA dSo.k jkS vFkZ dS fdlku jh
iqjLdkj&1996] Kku Hkkjrh] dksVk jkS dS vkS jktLFkkuh jkS cMkS dFkkdkj vj dgkf.k;ka jkS tfVy tFkkjFk le>.k lk:
xkSjh”kadj deys”k Le`fr iqjLdkj& dfo gSA i.k vkS lkp gSA jkeLo:i ckSf)d Lrj jh njdkj gqoSA fdlku uS b.k
1997] jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk] lkfgR; ,oa fdlku jktLFkkuh dFkk&lkfgR; esa vsd ckr jh ihM+k bZ gS dS okajS ys[ku uS Bhd lwa
laLd`fr vdkneh] chdkusj jkS iSyh cMkS ukao gSA b.kjkS dkj.k okajh yksd& le>.k okGka jh deh gSA
iksFkh iqjLdkj&1997] ^jkuk* dkauh lwa laizfDr gSA oS yksd vj lzelhy oxZ uS nwj vysDlbZ rksyLrks; vsd BkSM+ fy[kS dS
dUgS;kyky lsfB;k iqjLdkj lesr dsbZ lwa ns[k.k okGk uha gq;uS [kqn ohajk fgLlk vkykspd uS fopkjd lwa cslh pkrj vj
bukae&bdjkaeA gSA b.k dkj.k oS vkijkS HkksxsM+kS tFkkjFk dykdkj lwa cslh izfrHkklkyh gqo.kkS
[kkl %
ijxV djSA fdlku vkijh dgkf.k;ka eas pkghtSA b.k okLrS fdlku ekFkS fy[k.kkS
2002 lwa 2007 rkabZ lkfgR; xzkeh.k tho.k jkS [kwc nksgu djîkS gSA oS fd.kh vkykspd lk: vsd pqukSrh gSA [kqn
vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh jS jktLFkkuh xzkeh.k tu&tho.k vj laLd`fr jk ekLVj fdlku fy[kS] ^dbZ yksx dgk.kh jh leh{kk
ijke”kZ eaMy esa lnL;A jktLFkkuh gSA okajS ekSfyd fparu uS ckapuS okauS fd.kh djrh cxr Qxr folS uS egrkÅ ekuSA
Hkk’kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr vdkneh] ;wfuoflZVh jS n”kZu”kkL= jS O;k[;krk lwa oka lk: fd.kh vcksV folS ij fy[;ksM+h
chdkusj jh dk;Zlfefr jk bZ lnL; de uha vkad ldkaA okajS fparu vj gjsd dgk.kh egku gqoSA okajkS jkso.kkS Qxr
jS;kA oSpkfjd Lrj ekFkS vys[kwa fVIif.k;ka ys[kd bÙkkS gS dS HkkbZ lkc] vki.kh Hkklk esa lSDl
dFkk if=dk ^dFkslj* jk laiknd bZA yksx djrk jS;k gSA ij dgk.kh dksuhaa] cktkjokn ij dksuhaa]
jktLFkku f”k{kk foHkkx esa izk/;kid fdlku vsdne ukfLrd vj izfrc) ukjh foe”kZ ij dksuhaa] egkuxjh; ifjos”k
¼fganh½ vksgnS ukSdjhA ys[kd gS] tdk lh/kk&ljy vj lgt ij dksuhaa] fd.kh nfyr ij dksuhaa vki.kh
fBdk.kkS %
gqo.k jS lkFkS bZ cMk LokfHkekuh gSA oS Hkklk esa dgk.khA jktLFkkuh jk rFkkdfFkr
xkao&iksLV % ijyhdk lkfgR; esa yksHk&ykHk vj ys.k&ns.k jh uhr vj ukSlhf[k;k leh{kdka jh dgk.kh leh{kk
ok;k&xksxkesM+h ¼guqekux<½ 335 504 jS f[kykQ gSA “kkWVZdV vj fd.kh Hkkar jh jkS izeq[k ekunaM vj izfreku vkS bZ gSA oka
94601 02521 gokbZ [;kfr iko.kokGk lkfgR;dkjka lwa lk: ok bZ dgk.kh cMh gS tdh jkS folS
77428 14567
gkFkh tSM+kS gqoSA* ¼dFkslj] tuojh&ekpZ] l: dj.kkS pkghtSA fdlku jS dFkk&ys[ku c/;kS vj i=&if=dkoka esa dgkf.k;ka Nih]
2013½ jh l:vkr y?kqdFkk lwa bZ gqoSA cjl i.k okajh dgk.khdkj :i esa fiNka.k cjl
vly esa fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka laosnuk 2000 jS l: esa okajkS y?kqdFkk laxzS ^liuS 1995 esa tks/kiqj esa gq;S jktLFkkuh
jh Vdlky gS vj okauS le>.k vj oka jkS liukS* izdkl esa vkoS vj iNS b.k dFkkdkj lEesyu lwa gq;hA b.k lEesyu esa
ekFkS vkykspdh; nhB jk[k.k lk: cjl jS vkf[kj esas dgk.kh laxzS vsd dFkkdkj jh xSjgktjh jh otS lwa okauS
vkykspd uS ^fdlku* c.kukS iM+S tdkS ^gkMk[kksM+h*A iNS cjl 2009 esa ^rh[kh dgk.kh&ikB jkS ekSdkS feY;kSA oBS oka
?k.kh esgur vj lkopsrh jh ekax djSA /kkj*A ^gkMk[kksM+h* vj ^rh[kh /kkj* y?kq vkijh NksVh&lh dgk.kh ^nyky* ckaphA
fdlku okLrS rkS r; dj.kkS bZ vc[kkS dkae vkdkj jh dgkf.k;ka jk laxzS gS rkS b.k fcTth lesr jktLFkkuh jk eksdGk
gS dS oS ewG :i lwa dfo gS dS dFkkdkjA oS cjl 2015 esa Ni.k lk: R;kj dgk.kh dFkkdkj vj dsbZ chth Hkklkoka jk pkok
ftrjk ftEesnkj dgk.kh lk: gS] mrjk bZ laxzS ^ckjhd ckr* jh dgkf.k;ka jkS vkdkj jpukdkj bZ oBS HksGk gkA fdlku jh b.k
dfork lk:A okajh iSyh iksFkh 1998 esa vis{kkd`r cMkS gSA vysDlbZ vk i.k fy[kS dgk.kh jh oBS bÙkh rkjhQ gq;h dS cw>kS
Nih tdh dfork jh ghA ohajS iNS bZ dgk.kh dS cxr jS lkFkS ys[kd jkS fodkl gqoS vj erA b.k NksVh&lh dgk.kh jkS dn m.k fnu
vj dfork jkS fljt.k lekau :i lwa gjsd d`fr ohajkS fo”ofo|ky; vj m.kjS Hkksr cMkS gq;X;kSA b.kjk dsbZ Hkklkoka esa
pkyrkS jS;kS gSA fdlku jkS dfork la x z S fodkl jh mit gSA fdlku jk rhuwa dgk.kh mYFkk gq;k vj jktLFkkuh jh pfpZr
^vk cSB ckr djka* jktLFkkuh bZ uha] laxzS yxkSyx ckaP;ka b.k fodkl uS b.kh :i dgkf.k;ka esa vk dgk.kh fx.kht.k ykxhA
vuwfnr gq;uS iatkch esa bZ [kklk pfpZr esa leÖ;kS tk; ldSA m.k fnu iNS vtSyx fdlku jh dye lwa
jS;kS gSA pkok :lh lkfgR;dkj fdlku jS ys[ku jh l:vkr fo|kFkhZ vsd lwa vsd tcjh&lkarjh vj Hkkoiw.kZ
dksULrkfUru Qsfnu eqtc] ^ys[kd uS tho.k lwa bZ gq;h] i.k [ksrh esa csvkslka.k 55 dgkf.k;ka fudG pqdh gS] tdh 3
vkijh dyk lkfgR; jh gjsd fo/kk esa jSo.kkS vj Ni.k&Niko.k jS ekeyS esa dgk.kh&laxzka esa lkey gSA
lh[k.kh pkghtS] Qxr vsd esa uhaA ft;ka bZ vkGl vj vX;kau jS pkyrS okS ys[ku fdlku jh iSyh dgk.kh ^dBS gS esjkS
vki dye mBkokS] vki vkijh laiw.kZ lkG esa VaX;S lwr okGS >ksGS esa bZ BwalhtrkS cuokfj;kS* ^tkxrh tksr* jS flracj 1993
dyk lk: ftEesnkj gq; tkokSA* rkS fdlku jS;kSA fdlku ekuS dS 1990 jS vklikl vad esa NihA jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jS [ksrj esa
dfork&dgk.kh jS vykok vkykspuk vj lR;ukjk;.k lksuh jS laidZ esa vk;ka iNS fdlku jkS vkxkt bÙkkS nenkj gkS dS b.k
vuqokn esa bZ vkijh dyk vtekbZ gSA jktLFkkuh lkfgR; lwa tk.k&fiNka.k gq;h] iSyh dgk.kh jkS bZ fganh vuqokn
vysDlsbZ rksyLrks; ekuS dS vsd b.k lwa iSyh okajkS v/;;u&ys[ku fganh jkS ^ledkyhu Hkkjrh; lkfgR;* ¼ebZ&twu]
dFkk&ys[kd uS fy[k.k jkS dkae y?kqdFkk lwa bZ gkSA Ni.k&Niko.k jS ekeyS esa X;kau 1997½ esa NI;kS vj dsbZ chth Hkklkoka esa
bZ vk dgk.kh vuwfnr gq;hA nwth dgk.kh fpf=r djSA xkao dksbZ nwjch.k lwa ns[k ifjpS jkS eks*rkt uha gSA* ¼vkykspuk jh
^nyky* jk rkS vaxzsth vj fganh lesr dsbZ Nfo;ka mrkj.k okGh pht uha] uk bZ dksbZ vka[k lwa % i`’B&78½ njvly fdlku jh
Hkklkoka esa vuqokn gq;kA b.k dgk.kh ekFkS ySaMLdsi jh Hkkar dksj.k jh] i.k fdlku jh gjsd dgk.kh vsd fujokGS ys[k jh ekax
dFkk&iqjLdkj feY;kS vj ^dFkk* jS dsbZ dgkf.k;ka uS xkao jS feu[k jS gh;S jkS djSA jktLFkkuh esa iSyh oGk Hkko] Hkklk]
ladyuka esa vk dgk.kh NihA ^dFkk* dkauh ySaMLdsi t:j dS; ldkaA D;wadS xkao uS f”kYi vj dF; jh nhB lwa lko uoksi.k
lwa vktknw iksFkh :i esa bZ vk dgk.kh NihA ns[k.k lk: m.kjS ÅaMS dkGtS iSB.kkS iM+S ys;uS vkbZ vS dgkf.k;kaA dgk.kh jkS
uCcS jS nld jh loZJs’B lksGg Hkkjrh; vj fdlku vkS dkae vkijS vuqHko vj ijaijkxr Ýse fdlku rksM+SA ft.k Hkkar
dgkf.k;ka esa lkey gq; b.k dgk.kh izfrHkk jS ik.k djîkS gSA xty fy[k.k jh ctk; dSo.k jh pht gqoS]
jktLFkkuh jkS :rckS c/kk;kSA b.kjkS vaxzsth ^fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka esa xkao vkijS fc;ka bZ jktLFkkuh jS vk/kqfud vkykspdka
vuqokn vkt bZ ØkbLV ;wfuoflZVh] fofo/k :ika esa ijxV gqoSA ijaijkxr lgt uS iSyh okj ykX;kS dS fdlku dgkf.k;ka
cSaxyksj dukZVd jS ch-,-@ch-,llh- tho.k thorkS xkao] jktuhfrd Hkze esa fljtS uha] dSoS gSA fljt.kS vj dSo.kS esa
lesLVj 4 jS bafXy”k isij vj egkRek mGÖ;kS xkao] eksgHkax jh =klnh >syrkS vkS Hksn feVk nso.kkS bZ fd.kh dgk.khdkj jh
xka/kh ;wfuoflZVh] dksV~Vk;e dsjy jS xkao] ifjorZu vj fodkl ¼\½ jh vka/kh eksVh [kkfl;r gq;k djSA tn bZ rkS
vkWiu dkslZ vkWQ bafXy”k ikBîØe esa nkSM+ esa ÅaVxkM+h ekFkS dEI;wVj&tqx uS vysDlsbZ rksyLrks; dgk.kh uS v.kwarkS bZ
lkey gSA b.k dgk.kh lk: ek;ke`x vsd yknîka gkaQrkS&nkSM+rkS xkaoA vSM+k bZ dfBu dyk :i ekuSA oS dSoS& ^ykacS
Qslcqd desaV esa fy[kS& ^nyky* dgkuh vusdkusd }a}ka] var}Za}ka vj fojks/kkHkklka vk[;kau esa lzs’B oj.ku] jflr okrkZyki
i<us ds fy, eSaus jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk vj Hkkar&Hkkar jk mik;ka lwa ikBd uS
lh[khA mlls igys jktLFkkuh i< laeksfgr dj.kkS laHko gqoSA* ikBd uS
ugha ikrk Fkk] ysfdu bl dgkuh us laeksfgr dj.k jh vk ÅapkbZ
vius vkidks i<ok fy;kA ¼uouhr fljtd jh dfBu lk/kuk jkS
ikaMs jh vsd iksLV % 14 vxLr] ifj.kke gSA i.k loky mBS dS
2015½ dgk.khdkj fdlku vkijh l:vkrh
^gkMk[kksM+h* jS izdkldh; dgkf.k;ka esa vk egkjr dhdj
oDrO; esa bZ ek;ke`x fy[kS& gkly dj yhohA i.k tokc gS&
^xzkeh.k tu&tho.k jk fprsjk jpukdkj jkS /khtkS] ft.kesa okS cjlka
fdlku jh nhB u Qxr lw{e oju yx vkijS Hkhrj vuqHko lkapjrkS
ekSfyd bZ gSA xkao uS fdlku jS;kS vj fo”o lkfgR; jh Dykfldy
[kqyh&ukxh vka[;ka lwa ns[;kS gS] b.kh d`fr;ka jS v/;;u&euu lwa vkS
lwa xkao jh tdh Nfo;ka oS mdsjS] oka vuqHko iq’V gqorkS jS;kSA fdlku jkS
esa dksbZ frfyLe uha] FkksFkkS vknlZ bZ vkS iSykS laxzS okajh 49 jh mez esa
uhaA ^LVhfj;kS Vkbi best* lwa gVuS NiuS ikBdka lkEgha vkoSA vj vk bZ
xkao uS ^Lo* esa ns[k.k okGk fojGk otS gS dS ikBd i<rkS FkdkS
ys[kdka esa fdlku jh fx.krh djh vkikSvki lzksrk esa rCnhy gq; tkoS
tkoSA* vj [kqn dgk.khdkj jpuk&ikB
MkW- uhjt nb;k vk/kqfud djrkS fuxS vkoSA vk fFkfr rn bZ
dgk.kh tkrjk jS 15 cjl jS rhtS laHko gqoS tn dksbZ jpukdkj vkijkS
dkG[kaM ¼1985 lwa 2000 rkabZ½ jh futw eqgkojkS ?kM+SA ys[kd vj ikBd
miyfC/k;ka fx.kkork fy[kS& ^cjl jkS vkS rknkRE; bZ fd.kh dgk.khdkj
1986 esa ^/kM+an* jkS Ni.kkS vj jh lS lwa cM+h lQyrk gSA L;kr b.kh
cjl 2000 eka; ^gkMk[kksM+h* okLrS MkW- psru Lokeh fy[kS& ^b.k
dgk.kh laxzS jkS vkijkS vsfrgkfld laxzS jh dgkf.k;ka dsbZ dkGka iNS
eksy cxr c[kk.kSykA* ¼vkykspuk jS fcj[kk jkS vSlkl djkoSA xkao&
vkax.kS] ist&28½ laxzS jh lxGh chlwa vj Vdjkoka jS chp xkao vkijh lekt uS uoh vka[k lwa ns[k.k jh vkQG
dgkf.k;ka ckaP;ka vk ckr ijr[k gqoS dS jktuhfr r; djSA* ¼ek;ke`x % gkMk[kksM+h vka dgkf.k;ka eka; lw>SA vka dgkf.k;ka jh
fdlku xkao jk vka njlkoka vj pfj=ka jkS jkS izdkldh; oDrO;½A [kkfl;r vk gS dS vka eka; f”kYi jh
Qxr fljtd bZ uha] HkksDrk i.k gSA m.k fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka jS ikWoj jkS vanktkS dksj.kh jh dksbZ [kkl fxukj uha djh gSA
vkijS HkksX;ksM+S tFkkjFk uS vka dgkf.k;ka jS b.k ckr lwa yxk;kS tk; ldS dS okajS b.k yksd dgkf.k;ka yksd Hkklk esa dS;ksM+h gSA
ekjQr ijxV djîkS gSA fdlku jkS vkS iSyS laxzS jh leh{kk djrk Fkdk dqanu ekyh vS jP;ksM+h dksuhaaA jp.kS vj dSo.kS eka;
laxzS izekf.kr djS dS xkao oSM+kS uha gS tSM+kS iSyh vksGh esa bZ fy[kS& ^vk/kqfud Qjd gqoSA* ¼tkxrh tksr] Qjojh 2002]
nwj egkuxj esa cSBîk jpukdkj ohauS jktLFkkuh dgk.kh&fljt.k jS ifjis[k esa ist&70½ jp.kS uS dSo.kS esa cnG nso.kkS bZ
jkeLo:i fdlku jkS ukao vcS fd.kh
laizs’k.k jh vk[kjh “krZ vj vfHkO;fDr jh nks vj ckS vsdA cS ykjS vj vj ckS vkxSA Hkklk jh f[kerk uS rksy.kS jh rkdM+h
vafre lQyrk gS] tdh fdlku uS VhaMlh&eku Vhaxjka m.kjh ika[k iM+k jk[kh Qxr dfork bZ uha] gjsd lkfgfR;d jpuk]
gkfly gSA ghA VhaMlh&eku\ vkSj ds] mej rkS nksuka vBS rkabZ dS tu&lk/kkj.k jkS lcn&ojrko
b.k laxzS jh dgk.kh ^nyky* }a} eka; jh tksM+îka bZ ianjk lwa cslh dksuhaa ghA i.k bZ fd.kh Hkklk jh f[kerk jh vksG[kka.k
QaL;S rulq[k jh nksxkpharh lwa ikBd uS gk lk;uk&lkA Qxr lky [kaM jkS vkarjkSA djkoSA Hkklk ok lxrh gqoS] tdh esa de
>d>ksj Ugk[kSA MkW- vtqZunso pkj.k nksuka ykach tsoM+h jkS vsd&vsd fljkS lcnka esa cMh ckr dSo.kS jh f[kerk gqoS]
fy[kS& ^jkeLo:i fdlku jh ^nyky* jkS idM+ jk[;kS gkS vj cjkScj HkktSA m.kuS tdh esa de lcnka esa lw{e vj ltho
eq[; ik= nyky vsd vknlZ nyky gSA rkarh esa Qalko.kkS pkoSA ixka mHkk.kkA ns fp= [kSaP;k tk; ldS] vj ft.kjkS fd.kh
^ÊgSa nyky dksuhaa cwf<;k! rsjkS laokt rsjSxh&ns rsjSxhA rsjk c/kS*d esjkA HkktS chth Hkklk esa mYFkkS vks[kkS gqoSA vS lxGh
vkoS lkS dj!** bÙkk bZ FkksM+kA i.k de ckS bZ dksuhaA [kw.kka& [kkfl;rka fdlku jh Hkklk esa ekStwn gSA
nyky jkS vkS tokc vknlZ gS dS [kpw.kka] ckM+ka&cVksM+ka iwu bZ c.;kS cxSA fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka jh Hkklk jktLFkkuh jkS
tFkkjFk] b.kjkS fuj.kS rkS ikBd vki&vki NksVh&eksVh Hkharka rdkr uS yka?kSA dwVGS jS BsB ykSfdd :i ys;uS izxV gqoS] ft.kjS
jh le> eqtc djrk jSoS] i.k vk dgk.kh f<xyS lwa blkS dlwrkS <GS dS ykjS vsd&vsd okD; jS vuqokn lk:
m.k lkp uS ÅHkkS djS tBS ykxS dS vkt jh HkrwG&lkS [kM+îkS djnîSA cS vka[k elG*j vuqoknd uS eghuka rkabZ [ki.kkS iM+ ldSA
ifjfLFkfr;ka esa feu[k vkn”kZ vj tFkkjFk ns[kS brjkd esa vkarjkS pkSx.kkS djT;SA jktLFkkuh jk eksdGk ys[kd vsd ys[kd
jS lka/kS ekFkS ÅHkkS >wyS gSA vj dgk.kh m.k dnS&dnS f>jdh dkV Vhaxjka jh eqV~Bh /kwM+ folsl jS Hkklk :i uS vaxhdkj dj yhUgkS
tfVyrk dkauh vkikauS ys;uS tkoS gSA vj uok fy[kkjka uS bZ oS lq>ko
tBS dha fuf”pr uha gSA ?kVuk ?kVrh nsoS dS veqd fy[kkjS jh veqd
?kVrh jS; tkoS i.k ?kVuk jkS uha jpukoka ckap vkika uS Hkklk lh[k.kh
?kV.kkS bZ vBS vsd ?kVuk c.k tkoS pkghtSA Hkklk uS Åijh rkSj lwa
vj vk bZt b.k dgk.kh jh [kkfl;r ns[k.k okGk yksxka jh vk bZ xr gqoSA
uS mHkkjSA* ¼jktLFkkuh dgk.kh % i.k fdlku b.k :f< uS rksM+SA oS
ijEijk& fodkl] ist 82] 83 vj Hkklk lh/kh yksd lwa idM+S vj
84½ vkijkS vsd U;kjkS ygtkS ?kM+SA
rulq[k esa rCnhy gq; ikBd [kqn vysDlsbZ jS b.k lq>ko jkS iky.k
vkijS islS uS vkfFkZd uQS&uqdlkau okajh jpukoka esa vkikSvki gq; tkoS
jS vkl.k lwa mrkj ekuoh; /kjkrG dS tn vki dksbZ miU;kl fy[k jS;k
ekFkS ys; vkoS vj tn&tn islS esa gqokS rkS lksp fyjkokS dS vk[kS
vSM+h fFkfr vkoS m.kjS lkEgha miU;kl esa] m.k iwjh ykach iksFkh esa
^nyky* jkS cwf<;kS vj dklh vkiuS vsd bZ lekau lcnkoGh ;k
dkjhxj vk; ÅHkk gqoSA jpukdkj lekau folsl.k nksgjko.kkS uha
ijdk;k&izosl jh izfØ;k lwa ;knxkj pkghtSA vysDlsbZ rkS Qxr vsd
pfj= jpS] i.k fdlku [kqn jS iksFkh jh ckr djS] i.k fdlku esa vkS
lkFkS&lkFkS ikBd uS bZ ijdk;k& nksgjko vkiuS dBS bZ uha yk/kSA
izosl djko.k jh f[kerk okGk tndS nwth dkauh dsbZ fy[kkjka jk dha
jpukdkj gSA i<rh cfj;ka ikBd iSB lcn gS& oS lcn okajh jpukoka
dnS ^dkpS nw/k jkS yksVkS* jkS esa vkoS bZ vkoSA vSM+k jpukdkjka
tSefy;kS] dnS ^ckiw* jkS uanw] dnS lk: vysDlsbZ vpjt djS dS ^dksbZ
^tkGlkth* jkS uksjax] dnS îkap c.kh&c.kkbZ lcnkoGh esa dhdj
cksVka jkS /k.kh* jkS dqlfG;kS] dnS ckr dj ldS\ vkS ?kfV;ki.k gS]
?kjGejG jkS ^xks:*] dnS b.kjS flok; dha dksuhaA*
^gkMk[kksM+h* jkS Hkk: c.k okajh tw.k tdS jpukdkj dUuS vsd lcG
HkksxSA b.k Hkkar ykxS dS vkijh dgkf.k;ka jS e s a HkjknîSA i.k Vhaxj bZ cha jk ckiA Hkklk gqoS] Hkklk jS iz;ksx jkS ykackS vuqHko
ekkjQr laosnukoka mitkorkS fdlku ej.kkS ekaM fy;kSA ykjkS dksuha NksMîkSA vj ltxrk gqoS] ohajh jpukoka bZ ;knxkj
yxkSyx csgrj nqfu;k jp.k lk: [kiSA lsoV xÅlkGk dUuS tkaorka rkarh es jks*M+ jpukoka c.;k djS] D;wadS ^Hkklk ekuo
fdlku Hkklk vj cq.kxV jS vkijS gquj jS bZ fy;kSA i.k ckS MVîkS dksuhaA tksjkoj tkfr jh fljS lkaLd`frd miyfC/k gSA*
ika.k vsd vSM+kS okrkoj.k jpS dS dgk.kh jS T;kuoj Vkcjka lwa dn MVSA Vhaxjka jh xksMh ¼vysDlsbZ rksyLrks;½ fdlku Qxr fopkj
iSyS lcn ekFkS futj xMk;ka iNS ikBd <GxhA i.k Vhaxj bZ djM+kA tsoM+h dksuha vj /kkj.kkoka bZ uha] v.kwark bZ isphnk
NsdM+yS lcn lwa iSyh futj gVk bZ uha NksMhA ykjS BjM+htrk bZ cxSA oka jS dkpS fprjkae v.kwarS uktqd lcn&jaxka esa isl
ldSA ^gkMk[kksM+h* jh l:vkr ns[kkS& ^cS gkFkka jhGk pky.k ykxX;kA vj xksMk djSA okajh vk dyk b.k ckr ekFkS [kjh
NqyX;k tdk U;kjkA*
mrjS dS ^tk.kS feu[k jS fnekx esa gtk:a] ykjSA* gkaMhA MksbZ jh txka MksbZA >sj.kS jh txka
L;kr yk[kwa rkj gS vj dksbZ feu[k tn rhtS dgk.kh laxzS ^ckjhd ckr* esa bZ vk >ssj.kkSA FkkGh&ckVfd;k] yksVk&fxykl]
lcn cksyS rkS v.kns[kh vkaxfG;ka lwa [kkfl;r ns[kh tk; ldSA ^gkMk[kksM+h* lwa dwaMh&?kksVkS] Åa[kGh&ewlG] rksokS&ijkr]
fnekx jS vka rkjka uS NsM+ nsoS gS] vj ys;uS ^ckjhd ckr* jS lQj rkabZ vkork& pdGkS&csy.k] Nqfj;k&phafi;k lks&dha
laxhr jkS tdkS Loj tyeS] okS lzksrk jS eu vkork fdlku dha cslh lw{e gq; tkoS vj vki&vki jh txka fcjktS gkA dksbZ bZ
esa xwat mBSA* ¼vysDlsbZ rksyLrks;½ >h.kh&lh laosnuk uS bZ cMh ckjhdh lwa vfrØe.k uha djS gkSA vfrØe.k\ m.k
^rh[kh /kkj* dgk.kh laxzS jh dgkf.k;ka jh idM+SA fd.kh ckr jkS vsd ckjhd&lkS rarq cxr lhao rksM+.kh vfrØe.k uha gkSA
/kkj ^gkMk[kksM+h* lwa dha cslh rh[kh vj tdkS dksbZ fojGkS bZ dgk.khdkj idM+ ldS] lqgkoar ghA ijLij gst gkSA b.k lk: dBS
/kkjnkjA 19 dgkf.k;ka jS b.k laxzS jh fdlku m.k rarq lwa bZ vkijh dgk.kh jkS bZ dksbZ yM+kbZ uha ghA dBS bZ leku
Hkwfedk esa MkW- vkbZnkuflag HkkVh fdlku lekiu djS dS ikBd jkS varl Hkht tkoS] yksgh>jku uha gkSA vkax.kkS vSu L;kar vj
uS uoS vj iqjk.kS dgk.khdkjka esa fljS okS lksp.k ij etcwj gq; tkoS vj dgk.kh [kql gkSA vsd pht nwth pht uS gkal*j
dgk.khdkj Fkjirk dSoS& ^vk/kqfud jkS dFkkud ikBd lk: vsd ;knxkj vki jh cxy eka; txka nsoS ghA vBS rkabZ
Hkkjrh; Hkklkoka esa jktLFkkuh jS izfrfuf/k dFkkud c.k tkoSA dS vsd pht nwth uS vki jS isV ij
dgk.khdkj jS :i esa vkt ts fd.kh uS laxzS jh fljSukao dgk.kh ^ckjhd ckr* esa fyVk;*j ihB iGwalS ghA vsd nwth uS
[kM+îkS fd;kS tk ldS rkS okS uke OgSyk& fdlku ihf<;ka jS varjky uS lko fujkGS i/ksfM+;ka pd*j ukprh y[kkoS gh vkax.kS
jkeLo:i fdlkuA laosnuk vj f”kYi <ax lwa ijxV djSA ckM+S vj dPpS <wa<ka esa jh ftulkaA dbZ rkS vsd& nwth uS flj ij
nksU;wa bZ :ika esa jkeLo:i fdlku fcBk;*j vki jS Vkcjka nkabZ jekoS
xtc jh egkjr jk[kSA* HkkVh fy[kS& ghA dBS bZ fd.kh Hkkar jkS fojks/k uha
îkl&iM+ksl vj xkao&xqokM+ jh b.k gkSA vkax.kS eka; lksgcr gFkkbZ
dgkf.k;ka esa ftdh lkarjh laosnuk djS ghA*
vj fopkjka jk ekfeZd lokyw ?kj jh lxGh phtka vBS ekuoh;
njlko fdlku jpS m.k lwa i<f.k;ka gq; tkoSA phtka uS b.k Hkkar ns[k.k
jkS varl Hkht mBSA* jkS vkS utfj;kS bZ fdlku uS cMkS
vly esa fdlku m.k ftX;ka lwa dgk.khdkj FkjiSA
dgkf.k;ka dk< ysoS tBS dksbZ dPpk <wa<ka jh BkSM+ dksBh c.k
dgk.khdkj dgk.kh jh mEesn bZ uha tkoSA ?kj esa feu[kka jh rknkn de
dj ldSA ^jksVh lqokn Hkksr gh gq; tkoS vj tho&ftukoj jkS rkS
vkt* jS eÙkw jh vsd ehBh&lh cka.k ukao&fulk.k bZ uhaA i.k HkGS bZ ok
dgk.kh fljtok nsoSA dgk.khdkj mjGkbZ uhaA dgk.kh jkS uk;d oha
Qxr okrkoj.k fp=.k vj [ksrh jk lksgcr]oha gFkkbZ uS rjlSA ^dnS&dnS
fcack jS ika.k dgk.kh uS m.kjS eqdkae lkspwa] vk dksBh lcnka jh dRyxkg
rd iwxkoS rkS ok vuwBh c.k iM+SA gSA* dgk.kh jkS vsd&vsd lcn]
dSuokl ij fp= dksjrS fp=dkj jh vsd&vsd okD;] vsd&vsd njlko
Hkkar dksbZ pht NwVS uhaA ^ÅaV rkS dgk.khdkj jh yksd&laizfDr jh
ds gS] pht gSA rh[kkS uDlkS] ykack gkeG HkjSA dgk.kh jk lxGk
Mhy] ?kM+S eku FkwbZ] ckaFk esa ekoS vkStkj dgk.kh uS vkijS eqdkae rd
blk ihaMk] pkSM+h cxyka] NksVk iqxkoSA ckM+S] ?kj vj dksBh jS fel
vsMj] NksVh iksM+h vj iwaNM+îka esa vk dgk.kh rhu tqxka jkS ekfeZd
caVA nksuwa bZ vsdlkA vssd uS fp=.k gSA b.k dgk.kh esa vkfne tqx
yqdks;*j nwtS uS dk<kS] fiNk.k uha jh jkxkRedrk] lH; tqx jkS izse
ldSA D;wadS ek tk;k gSA ?k: lka*M vj HkkbZpkjkS vj vfr lH; tqx jh
jkA b.kh jhy lkFkS ckS va/ksjS esa ?k`.kk] }s’k] bZ';kZ] cSj vj fgalk jh
Qksjk&lkjh djS gkSA brjkd esa nwtkS HkkbZ ftdkS lq[k vj jkxkRedrk gS ok lw{e >kafd;ka gSA cktkj jh vka/kh nkSM+ esa
fpye [khaprkS vk;X;kSA vj m.k uS fpye dksBh lwa dkslka nwjA dPpS <wa<ka jS ladM+syS lkey gqorh vj jktuhfr jS lwxyokM+S jh
idM+korkS cksY;kS& esa bZ feu[k bZ uha] tho&ftukoj vj ?kj pisV esa vk;uS HkkbZ&HkkbZ lkFkS cSj clko.k
^yS] rw fpye [khap vj EgSa cksjk yknwa jh lxGh lkatr ?kj jkS vVwV fgLlkS gS] okGh nqfu;k uS fdlku lzelhy oxZ jh
ÅaVka ijA* i.k dksBh esa feu[k&feu[k vkil esa bZ uha jkxkRdrk jS fel vsd cMkS lansl nsoSA
m.k vsd ÅaV ij ik.kh jk ?kM+k ?kkY;k tqM+ ldSA ^vkax.kkS bZ dksbZ ?k.kkS BkMkS fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka jS var eas dksbZ u
vj nwtS ij uhjS jkS cksjkSA HkGS nksuwa HkkbZ dksuha gkSA i.k Qsj bZ lxGkS leku dksbZ >h.kh laosnuk] dksbZ u dksbZ ckjhd
vsd ij p<X;k vj nwtS uS idM+ fy;kS vki&vkijh BksM+ tP;kS iM+îkS gkSA ckr ikBd uS rjafxr dj nsoSA ohauS
fcykso.kS jh txka fcykso.kkSA gkaMh jh txka
>d>ksj uS NksM nsoSA ^ckjhd ckr* esa iwjh dgk.kh esa T;kau&eky jh {kfr jkS dBSbZ fp=.k esa bZ gSA b.k dgk.kh esa bZ laosnuk
dFkkuk;d ys[kd jk cksy& îSyka vckGS vkHkkl bZ uha feyS] tndS vkre& lEekau] :< ftX;ka uha gq;uS vsd uoh ftX;ka gSA
nkabZ Nhnk&Nhnk dksuha jSorkA* ^vkt jksVh vkc: vj bTtr jh {kfr uS vn~Hkqr gquj fdlku dgkf.k;ka jS tfj;S laosnukoka jS
lqokn Hkksr gh* esa eÙkw jkS cksy] ^vBS ds lwa fcfcar djuS dgk.kh uk;d ckcr :<&LFky uS udkjîk gSA dS; ldka dS
djkS dkxykS! vk txka rkS esjh gSA* ikBdka jh tdh d:.kk fdlku vftZr djh fdlku jktLFkkuh dgk.kh esa laosnukoka jk
îkaxGh laosnuk* esa ys[kd jk cksy] ÊgSa gS ok cstksM+ gSA uok LFky [kksT;k gS] tdkS vsd oSKkfud&
Egkjh ikaxGh laosnuk uS [kkanS pd*j veweu ekfyd&etnwj laca/kka fcpkGS deZ gSA
v.ke.kkS&lkS cl esa cSBX;kSA*] ^ch;kcku* lksl.k ij vk/kkfjr laosnuk jh bZ vis{kk ^xk dBS cka/kwa* jS ewG esa oS iwathokn
eas jkeyky jh ihM+ ^carG djrkS jSowa djh tk; ldSA i.k fdlku jh dgk.kh ‘kMîa= gS tdka jS rgr iwathifr lkekU;
?kjokGka lwaA*] ôh.kk jk rkj* esa ys[kd uS ^gkbZfcykbZ* vsd vSM+kS viokn gS tdS esa t.k jh vkLFkk lkFkS f[kyokM+ djrkS jSoSA
^dkabZ Bkg gkS dS dw.kS eka; [kM+h oh.kk jk ekfyd vj etnwj jS fjLrS uS b.k Hkkar dgk.kh&uk;d jh vkLFkk ekFkS lsB jkS
rkj dBS&dBS tqM+îksM+k gqoS vj fd.k Hkkar xwaF;kS x;kS gS dS oBS lksld&lksflr jS geykS :a QkM+SA vkS vsd rjS jkS ekufld
lkjSdj fVirka bZ >j.kk mBSA*] ^fpjGkVh* fcpkGS la?k’kZ uha gq;uS nks; pfj=ka jS cykRdkj gS tdS jkS fldkj dgk.kh&uk;d
jkS uk;d& ^Vªd jS MkyS ij ekFkkS Vsd*j fcpkGS ?kelka.k gq; tkoS tdS esa ekfyd jh gqoSA fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka vka [kkfl;rka lwa
QQd iM+îkSA Vªd jh dwaV esa [kM+h HkSal m.k ctk; etnwj thrSA lsB gkjS vj eaxGkS ljkcksj gSA
jkS flj lwa?kS ghA*] ^/ka/kkS* jkS uk;d& ^gkFk [kkrh thrSA ft;ka dksbZ ckN: lkaM uS /ku deko.k jh gksM+ esa dLlh djhtrkS
esa iykl >kY;ka ?kqIi va/ksjS eka; ckGi.kkS] lwxyh jktuhfr esa /kM+ esa
psrkpwd&lkS [kM+îkS lkspS gkS dS cl rCnhy gq o rkS feu[ki.kkS ]
eka; EgSa p<îkS gwa*d ckSA*] ^jk[k* ljek;snkjh O;oLFkk lwa v.ktka.k
esa& ^>qXxh jS ckal ij mnkl dkxykS loZgkjk oxZ essa vkijS /ka/kS jS izfr
pkap jxM+S gkSA*] ^Mad* esa& ^^Y;kS mitrkS vlarks’k] esgurdl feu[kka
ekjY;kS Fkki---** lqx.kh vkalqoka lwa jk jk[k gqork liuk] ?kVrS
rj vki jk xky ekaM fn;kA*] fyaxkuqikr jh ihM+ >syrk ifjokj]
^Dyse* esa ys[kd jS Hkhrj lwa vkokt lka>S ifjokj esa <Grh mej jS
vkoS& ^D;wadS ixk.kS cSB.k okGk yq x kbZ & ek.kl jh ihM+ jk
rkS ckiM+k tqxka lwa Dyse bZ Hkjrk euksoSKkfud njlko fdlku jh vka
vk;k gSA vj ^/kM+* esa ys[kd jkS uoh dgkf.k;ka jh [kkfl;r gSA vsd
dFku& ÊguS vka dkGtkS&QkM+ bZ laokn lwa xwaFkhth dgk.kh ^Dyse*
[kcjka jkS vpaHkkS uha gq;kSA EgSa gSjku vj yqxkbZ fcgw.kS ?kj jh foMEcd
gkS dS b.kjS iNS bZ vkS nsl xqÏh fLFkfr jkS fp=.k djrh ^f=Hkqt*
cjxkS pkyS gkSA dBSbZ dksbZ gypy ljh[kh ykach dgk.kh bZ vka dgkf.k;ka
dksuhaa ghA iz/kkuea=h fc;ka bZ fonslka esa lkey gS] tBS lqjtS jh Hkw[kh Mkx
esa Mejk djrkS fQjS gkSA yksdlHkk] eks*jh rqM+k;uS lid ns.kh nqjktS lwa
jkT;lHkk eka; fc;ka bZ fdpkG b.k Hkkar frlG tkoS tk.kS dksbZ
dkVhT;S ghA ikap rkjk gksVyka eka; phd.kh lkc.k gkFkka lwaA vly esa
ukprka jS ixka rGS fc;ka bZ jksVh b.k O;oLFkk esa esgurdl feu[k jS
fdpjhT;S ghA* dgkf.k;ka jS var esa gkFkka lwa frlGrS gd jkS ladsr djrh
vkS ekfeZd fparu ys[kd jh tu& vS dgkf.k;ka feu[k uS L;k.kkS
izfrc)rk jkS izeka.k gSA c.kko.kS jk tru djrh y[kkoSA b.k
fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka esa laosnuk dgk.kh eka; Mkx jS rqM+ko.k jkS tdkS
jk ckjhd vj uok dks.k izLrqr gq;k fp=.k gS] m.k lwa lkcr gqoS dS
gSA laosnuk tBS veweu gqoS oBS uha tho.k nwj lwa idM+.k okGh pht
gq;uS vGxh ftX;ka laosnuk jh vk rykl iNkM+uS nlZdka jh lgkuqHkwfr thr drSbZ uha gSA tho.k uS rkS th;uS bZ idM+îkS
fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka uS ÅapkbZ cxlSA ysoSA m.kh Hkkar eaxGkS] lsB uS iNkM+uS tk; ldSA
ckuxh jS rkSj ij& ck< esa veweu T;ku& ikBd jh lgkuqHkwfr thrSA fdlku jkS vkS yso rksyLrks; jk lcnka esa ^lkfgfR;d
eky jkS uqdlku gqoS vj b.k folS ekFkS vankts&c;ka leh{kdka lk: cMh pqukSrh gSA x| eka; pchZ lwa NqVdkjkS iko.k vj
fd.kh Hkklk eka; ts dksbZ dgk.kh gS rkS ok ykxS fdlku NqVîksM+S uS fy[kS] tdkS fd.kh ekalislh c<ko.k jkS xqj miU;kldkj jh
T;kau&eky jh {kfr ij bZ dsfnzar feylhA jS rkcS uha vkoS m.kuS fdlku dkcw djSA rqyuk esa y?kq dgkf.k;ka jkS ys[kd dBSbZ
i.k fdlku jh dgk.kh ^fpjGkVh* esa iwjkS b.kh Hkkar ^jksVh Hkksr lqokn gh vkt* jh cslh vklkuh lwa lh[k ldSA* fdlku jh
Qksdl izfr’Bk jh gkfu ij bZ fVD;ksM+kS gSA ewy laosnuk d`f’k&laLd`fr uS m.k jh dgkf.k;ka ckaP;ka y[kkoS dS fdlku b.k xqj
fØ;klhyrk esa xwaFkrS xaobZ Hkksj jS ltho
uS HkyhHkkar lh[;kS gSA okajh dgkf.k;ka jkS jktLFkkuh dgk.kh esa izxfrlhy fopkj/kkjk
dlko bÙkkS tcjkS gS dS dksbZ lcn dk<.kS jh ygj ijyhdk lwa bZ pkySA* ¼jktLFkkuh
dS tksM+uS jh xqatkbl bZ dks; jSoS uhaA jh vk/kqfud dgkf.k;ka] ist&20½ vly esa
fdlku tdkS ns[kS m.kuS m.kh :i esa uha b.k izxfrlhy fopkj uS vkijS v/;;u]
ekaMS] D;wadS dgk.kh dksjkS njlko uha gqoSA euu vj fparu lwa fdlku iq’V djS] tdS
m.k esa ys[kd jkS fparu] m.k jkS jkS vlj vBS jS jpukdkjka ekFkS ijr[k
euksfoKku ijr[k gqo.kkS pkghtS vj vkS ns[;kS tk; ldSA
iquflZjt.k jS gquj jh ekax djSA fdlku eSDlhe xksdhZ jS b.k dFku ekFkS dS
ns[;ksM+S njlko uS mdsj.k lwa iSyh vkijS lQy ys[kd vkae cxr esa ys[kd uha gq;uS
fparu] vkijS euksfoKku vj ckSf)d Lrj [kwu&ilhukS cgko.k okGkS vkae ukxfjd
uS ik=ka jh vkRek esa mrkjS vj iNS okajh gq;k djS] fdlku [kjkS mrjSA vly esa
fØ;klhyrk uS dgk.kh esa xwaFkSA fdlku Qxr [ksrh jkS bZ fdlku uha] okS
fdlku jktLFkkuh dgk.kh jh m.k dgk.kh jkS bZ tcjkS fdlku gSA fuLpS bZ
izxfrlhy eqfge jk vkxhoka.k jpukdkj fdlku jh dgkf.k;ka lwa jktLFkkuh jkS jkeLo:i fdlku
gS] tdh jkS ftdj ”;ke tkafxM+ djS& vk/kqfud lkfgR; jkrkS&ekrkS gq;kS gSA tye % 14 vxLr 1952] ijyhdk
^xaxkuxj laHkkx lwa dsbZ ys[kd vsdS lkFkS dgk.kh iz/kku if=dk ^dFkslj* jS i<kbZ % ch-,-
mHkjS vj ukuS&eksVS vkanksyu jh rfj;ka laiknu jS lkFkS&lkFkS yxkSyx lkaoBh jktLFkkuh iksF;ka % fgoM+S mith ihM+]
dgk.kh uS izxfrlhy utfj;S lwa tksM+SA b.k dgkf.k;ka jkS fljt.k fdlku jh izfrHkk dwD;kS ?k.kkS dchj] vk cSB ckr djka
lwa iSyka dgk.kh vsd fiVsfiVk;S <kapS lwa izekf.kr djSA oka lwa yxkSyx vSM+h bZ ¼dfork½] gkM+k [kksM+h] rh[kh /kkj¼dgk.kh½]
ckjS dksuha vk;hA ---tnfi chtk ys[kd Hkh ;knxkj dgkf.k;ka jh mEesn jSoSykA liuS jkS liukS ¼y?kqdFkk½
vki&vkijS [ksrjka eka; jpuklhy gk] i.k fganh iksF;ka % xkao dh xyh&xyh ¼dfork½
mYFkkS % jkrh dusj ¼johanzukFk Bkdqj jh
ukVd iksFkh ^jDr djch* jkS jktLFkkuh
mYFkkS½
iqjLdkj % lkfgR; vdknseh vuqokn
iqjLdkjA dFkk laLFkk fnYyh dkauh lwa
dgk.kh ^nyky* uS dFkk iqjLdkjA Kku
Hkkjrh] dksVk dkauh lwa xkSjh”kadj deys”k
iqjLdkjA jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk] lkfgR; ,oa
laLd`fr vdkneh] chdkusj lwa eqjyh/kj
O;kl jktLFkkuh dFkk lkfgR; iqjLdkjA
lkfgR; vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh lwa jkbVj bu
jsthMsalhA
laiknu % dFkslj ¼frekgh if=dk½
[kkaVk fdlkauA dkae&/kkae [ksrh&ckMhA
fBdk.kkS%
eqiks- % ijyhdk&335 504
r- % uksgj ¼guqekux<½
94677 34004

Ôkks/k jktLFkkuh lkfgR; ys[kS tltksx dkae
“kadj flag jktiqjksfgr
vk[kS jktLFkku eka; chdk.kS jh U;kjh fo'ofo|ky; jh Fkji.kk djhthA ft.k jkS
fudsoGh fiNka.k gSA chdkusj jh Fkji.kk iNS pkyuS 3 vDVwcj 2008 jS
foØe laor~ 1545 ¼1488 bZ-½ eka; jko uksfVfQds'ku ekjQr egkjktk xaxk flag
chdk djhA b.k uS iq[rk djrkS vkS nwgkS& fo'o fo|ky; ukao FkjihtkSA vkS fo'o
iujS lkS iSarkGoS] lqn oSlk[k lqesjA fo|ky; egf"kZ n;kuan ljLorh fo'o
Fkkoj cht Fkjfi;kS] chds chdkusjAA fo|ky;] vtesj jS [ksrj chdkusj] pw:]
jktLFkkuh Hkklk ?k.kh lkaoBh vj tawuhA Jhxaxkuxj vj guqekux< jS bykdS jh
m.kjkS lkfgR; ?k.kkS t#r ika.k FkjihtkSA
Ôka d jfla g jktiq j ks f gr vkS fo'o fo|ky;
flej/k vj laLÑfr
tye % 12 flrEcj 1969 uS Jh gnHkkar :ikGh gSA ^;w f uoflZ V h vkW Q
Hkaojflag jktiqjksfgr jS vkax.kS xkao jktLFkkuh jkS bfrgkl chdkusj ,DV 2003
vkÅok&ikyh esa ?k.kkS vtjkS vj ywaBkS] ¼,DV ua- 13 vkWQ
i<kbZ % ,e-,- ¼jktLFkkuh] xksYM tx pkokS gS A 2003½ jS ekjQr
eSMy] t-uk-O;kl-fo-fo-½] ;wthlh jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jh jktLFkku xtsV esa 7 twu
usV vSfrgkfldrk] lexz 2003 vk;kS vj vsd
iksF;ka % vkHkS jS m.k ikj ¼dfork½] lkfgR; ekFkS chdkusj LVsV ;wfuoflZVh Hkkar
lq.k vjtq.k ¼O;aX;½] x.kuk;d] esa 'kks/k laLFkku vj dkuwu esa HksGkS gq;kSA
fdÙkk ikfdLrku] egkRek xka/kh jh jktLFkkuh fo}kuka egkjktk xaxk flag
cstksM+ vkxhoka.kh ¼mYFkkS½
i=dkfjrk % ^nSfud ;qxi{k* vj
^nSfud HkkLdj* esa dsbZ fnu
egkjktk xaxk flag fo'ofo|ky;
i=dkfjrkA
laiknu % ^x.kir* jktLFkkuh if=dk
eksdGkS dkae dfj;kSA chdkusj jS lkfgfR;d fo'o fo|ky;] chdkusj esa vktknw :i lwa
iq j Ldkj % HkÙkeky tks ” kh
laLFkkuka esa Hkkjrh; fo|keafnj izfr"Bku] vtS rka.kh ikap foHkkx bZ gSa& dEI;wVj
egkfo|ky;h iqjLdkj] iSyh iksFkh
Jh lknqZy jktLFkkuh fjlpZ baLVhVÓwV] lkabl] bafXy'k] ,uok;jesaVy lkbal]
iqjLdkj ¼jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk] lkfgR;
jktLFkku izkP;fo|k izfr"Bku] fganh fgLVªh vj ekbØksck;ykWthA b.kh dkj.kS
,oa laLd`fr vdkneh] chdkusj½]
fo'oHkkjrh vuqla/kku ifj"kn~ vkn izeq[k fof/kor fjlpZ jkS dkae ?k.kkS fljS uha
ihFkG i| iqjLdkj ¼uxj fodkl
gSA jktLFkkuh fo}kuka esa izks- ujksÙkenkl pf<îkSA fc;ka b.k fo'o fo|ky; jS nk;jS esa
U;kl] chdkusj½] vuqokn iqjLdkj
Lokeh] Bk- jkeflag] lw;Zdj.k ikjhd] vko.k okGh dsbZ dkWystka esa vktknw HkklkbZ
¼lkfgR; vdknseh] ubZ fnYyh½ lesr
MkW- euksgj 'kekZ] MkW- t;pUnz 'kekZ vkn jk foHkkx gkA vj vkS bZ dkj.k jS;kS dS fjlpZ
dsbZ bukae&bdjkaeA
ukao ?k.kS vatl lwa yhjhtSA jktLFkkuh yxkSyx gq;ckS dfj;kSA JhMwaxj dkWyst]
dha cxr ^vkpk;Z rqylh “kks/k
yksd&lkfgR; jS lkxS o+kr&[;kr vkn chts,l jkeiqfj;k dkWyst vkn fjlpZ jk
laLFkku* vj ^xka/kh “kks/k izfr’Bku*
lkfgR; jS m)kj esa vka fo}kuka jkS ywaBkS x< ekuhtckS dfj;kA i.k nqjHkkx dS vBSbZ
chdkusj esa “kks/k vf/kdkjh vksgnS
tksxnkau jS;kS gSA jktLFkkuh vj fganh jS jktLFkkuh ,e-,- uha ghA iNSl jktLFkkuh
dkaeA vckj jktLFkkuh Hkk’kk ekU;rk
LukrdksÙkj ikBÓØe esa cjlka lwa i<kbt.k Hkklk esa fjlpZ fd;ka gqorkS! i.k fganh jk
lfefr jS ekjQr vkanksyu esa
okGk dkGt;h xzaFk ^fØlu #de.kh jh i<sljh jktLFkkuh lkfgR; lwa tqfM+;ksM+k gk
vkxhoka.kA
osfy*] ^<ksyk&ek: jk nwgk* vkn jkS laiknu vj fganh i<kof.k;k vj 'kks/k&funsZ'kd bZ
vka fo}kuka jS bZ cwrS jh ckr ghA jktLFkkuh lwa gsr jk[kf.k;k gkA vkS bZ dkj.k
fBdk.kkS&
vSM+h lkfgfR;d vj 'kks/k laLFkkoka lwa jS;kS dS fganh esa ih&,p-Mh djrh osGk dsbZ
jktiqjksfgr jSokl fudG.k okGh i=&if=dkoka b;kadS fjlpZ jktLFkkuh jpukdkjka ekFkS
dìkG HkSa: feanj jS ykjS oSpkfjdh] jktLFkku Hkkjrh] fo'oEHkjk vj dsafnzr jS;kA
loksZn; cLrh jktLFkkuh xaxk jk jktLFkkuh jS 'kks/kkfFkZ;ka vSM+k “kks/k dkjt HkykabZ fganh jS ekjQr
chdkusj&313 001 lk: ?k.kk egrkÅ vad izdkflr gq;k gSA gq;k gqoS] i.k okajh vkRek jktLFkkuh gSA
76108 25386 chdkusj esa cjl 2003 esa chdkusj jktLFkkuh vk/kkj lkexzh gSA vj b.kh lhxS
okajkS v/;;u jktLFkkuh jS foxlko lk: ?k.k egrkÅ gq; ldSA dsbZ&dsbZ “kks/k izca/k rkS [kklh [kspG iNS R;kj djhft;ksM+k gSA tdk vkijh
vsd nhB jk[kSA vBS b.k fo'o fo|ky; lwa jktLFkkuh fol;ka ekFkS ih&,p-Mh- djf.k;k fo|kfFkZ;ka jh foxr b.k Hkkar gS&
Ù-la- 'kks/kkFkhZ jkS ukao 'kks/kdk;Z jkS fol; 'kks/k funsZ'kd cjl
1- 'kdqaryk nsoh jkuk jktLFkkuh ,oa fgekpyh yksdxhrksa dk rqyukRed v/;;u MkW- osn 'kekZ 2007
2- t;Jh lsfB;k dUgS;kyky lsfB;k ds dkO; esa xka/kh&n'kZu MkW- osn 'kekZ 2008
3- v#.kk O;kl Jh vUukjke lqnkek ds miU;klksa esa lkekftd
vkSj jktuhfrd la?k"kZ MkW- enu lSuh 2008
4- eatwckyk [k=h Jh nsofd'ku jktiqjksfgr lkfgR; esa tupsruk MkW- enu lSuh 2009
5- larks"k pkS/kjh jktLFkkuh yksdxkFkkvksa esa yksdthou MkW- enu lSuh 2009
6- Hkaojyky Jhyky uFkey tks'kh ds dFkk&lkfgR; esa lkekftd vkSj
jktuhfrd psruk MkW- e/kqfydk 'kekZ 2009
7- eueksgu Jh ;knosanz 'kekZ ^panz* dk dFkk&lalkj %
fo'ks"k v/;;u& <ksyu dqatdyh MkW- e/kqfydk 'kekZ 2010
8- Ñ".kk xgyksr jktLFkkuh dFkkxhrksa esa yksd&laLÑfr vkSj i;kZoj.k psruk MkW- 'kkfyuh ewypankuh 2010
9- lR;ukjk;.k lksuh yksdthou vkSj jktLFkkuh miU;kl MkW- enu lSuh 2010
10- ehuk{kh pkS/kjh vUukjke lqnkek vkSj ;knosanz 'kekZ ^panz* ds xzkE;kapycks/k
ijd miU;klksa dk rqyukRed v/;;u MkW- osn 'kekZ 2010
11- uhrw vks>k ;knosanz 'kekZ ^panz* ds miU;klksa esa cks/k vfHkO;fDr ds
fofHkUu vk;ke % vUos"k.k ,oa ewY;kadu MkW- osn 'kekZ 2011
12- vkjrh lkekSj fot;nku nsFkk ds jktLFkkuh dFkk&lkfgR; esa yksd&laLÑfr MkW- 'kkfyuh ewypankuh 2012
13- uekeh'kadj vkpk;Z vkt jh jktLFkkuh dgkf.k;ka eka; ukjh&psruk MkW- Hkxokunkl fdjkM+w 2012
14- lR;izdk'k vkpk;Z vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh miU;klksa esa xzkE;thou ds cnyrs ifjn`'; MkW- 'kkfyuh ewypankuh 2012
15- lwjtdyk Lokeh jktLFkku ds yksdxhrksa esa L=h&iq#"k dh ifjO;kfIr %
v/;;ukRed vuq'khyu MkW- osn 'kekZ 2013
16- galk Lokeh nsonkl jkadkor jS miU;klka eka; laLÑfr vj lekt MkW- ,tkt vgen dknjh 2014
17- ';kek raoj jktLFkkuh yksdxhrka eka; laLÑfr vj lekt MkW- enu lSuh 2015
b.k Hkkar egkjktk xaxk flag fo'o fo|ky;] chdkusj lwa jktLFkkuh yksdxhr] yksddFkkoka] jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jk izeq[k dfo;ka] dFkkdkjka]
miU;kldkjka ekFkS 'kks/kdk;Z gq;kSA vkS lxGkS dkae fganh eka; gq;kS gSA jktLFkkuh esa 3 'kks/kkFkhZ 'kks/k&izcaèk R;kj dfj;k gSA b.kka esa uekeh'kadj
vkpk;Z] galk Lokeh vj ';kek raoj HksGk gSA i.k 'kks/kdk;Z jh nhB lwa jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jk U;kjk&U;kjk i[kka uS mn~?kkfVr djSA
'kks/k&fol;ka jh nhB lwa ns[kka rkS rqyukRed v/;;u] ewY;kadu] laLÑfr vj lekt] xka/kh&n'kZu] lkekftd vj jktuhfrd psruk] ukjh
psruk vkn jkS foospukRed fo'ys"k.k djhtkS gSA vk/kqfud jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jk fljekSj dfo;ka] dgk.khdkjka] miU;kldkjka esa in~eJh
dUgS;kyky lsfB;k] in~eJh fot;nkau nsFkk] vUukjke lqnkek] ;knosanz 'kekZ ^panz*] Jhyky uFkey tks'kh] nsofd'ku jktiqjksfgr] nsonkl
jkadkor [kkl gSA 'kks/k funsZ'kdka esa jktLFkkuh jk pkok dFkkdkj] vkykspd] vuqoknd] jkeHkfDr dkO; jk fo}kau MkW- enu lSuh fljS gSA fganh
jk 'kks/k funsZ'kdka eka; MkW- osn 'kekZ] MkW- 'kkfyuh ewypankuh jkS ekjx&njl.k ?k.kkS egrkÅ gSA
vkl djhtS dS vkS vkys[k jktLFkkuh lkfgR; jk fo}kuka] 'kks/kdrkZoka lk: egrkÅ fl) OgSykA jktLFkkuh lkfgR; eka; 'kks/kdk;Z djf.k;ka
lk: vk tka.kdkjh egrkÅ i.k gqoSyh] ft.k lwa b.k dkae uS vkxS c/kk;kS tk; ldSA
Ôkks/k ekyka.kh jk Ôkkld jkoy eYyhukFk
iq’ik HkkVh
eYyhukFk jkS tho.k vkijh nhB lwa fto.kS* vj m.kht osGk vklFkku jh lsuk
?k.k egrkÅ gS] b.kjkS v/;;u t:jh gSA xksfgyka ekFkS VwV iM+h vj [ksM+ ekFkS vkijkS
eYyhukFk ekjokM+ esa jkBkSM+ jk’VdwVka jk ijpe Qsjk; fn;kSA tndS [ksM+ gLrxr
oalt ekuhtS gSA b.k jkS izkd`r :i dj.k jkS tl vklFkku uS tkoS i.k fo- la-
^jBmM+* gSA ft.k lwa ^jkBkSM+* cf.k;kSA 1686 jS egkjkoy txeky jS uxj
xkSjh”kadj ghjkpan vks>k jh ekurk gS dS vfHkys[k lwa Bkg iMS+ dS lksux xksfgyka lwaw
jk’VªdwV tkfr vj oal jk fljkse.kh gqo.k [ksM+ [kksl fy;kS gkSA laHkor~ vklukFk jh
jS dkj.k b.k ukao lwa ukaeh fOg;kA jk’VªdwVka vkX;k eqtc vkS dje dfj;kS OgSyk vj
jS izkphu vfHkys[kka lwa Bkg ykxS gS dS b.kjkS iNS lksux bZMj tk;uS fj;kS vj vklFkku
jkt iSyk nD[k.k esa gkS vj b.kjh jkt/kkuh vBS [ksM+ eka;A
êkU;[ksr* ghA oBS lwa bZ vS xqtjkr] ekyok b.kka jh ohjrka lk: vsd xhr ?k.kkS
vj jktLFkku vk;kA pkokS gS&
ekjokM+ esa lSrjke jk csVk flagk yxSVxS xhr jko vklFkku aflgkaor jkS
700 cjl iSyka vx.kkÅ }kjdk jh tkrjk ikyh miM+S xk [ksM+ igyh] xksfgy [kkxka
djrh osGk ekjokM+ vk;kA m.kk jk iqj[kk xkGSA
dq.k gk b.kjh tka.kdkjh dksuha feyS gSs tndS lhga r.kka ohjn lhgakor] vklukFk
[;krdkj flagk jkS laca/k dUukStifr mtokGSAA
^tSpUn* lwa tksM+S gSA fd.kh ikSjkf.kd bZMj l[kaks?kkj Åijka] vka.k o/kkjs vsrhA
oalkoyh esa b.kka jkS laca/k jko ôjnkbZ lsu* uodksVh ekjokM+ [kxkauj] lhgSa yh?k
iq " ik HkkVh lwa tksM+htS gSA b.kk jS nks; csVk gk& vsd lgsrhAA
fFkjiky vj nwtkS lsrjkoA lsrjko jS Ng vklFkku lksux vt ÅHkk] HkkbZ =kgwa
tye % 7 uoEcj 1982 csVk lwa flagk ekjokM+ vk;kA vS Hkhueky HkqtkGkA
i<kbZ % ,e-,- ¼bfrgkl] vj ikyh eka; ix /kfj;k vj jkt xksfgy [kkxka ekj xfG;k] de/kt cM
jktLFkkuh½A Fkjfi;kSA flagk jkS lqjxokl ikyh dUuS fdj.kkykAA
t; ukjk;.k O;kl fo”ofo|ky;] fOg;kSA vkS xhr jko vklFkku lksux vj vt
tks/kiqj jS jktLFkkuh foHkkx lwa
MkW- vtqZunso pkj.k jS funsZ”ku esa
flagk jh fejrw jkS Lekjd ys[k ikyh jS jh ohjrk lwa lacaf/kr gS xhr esa b.kjS ek/;e
^jktLFkkuh lar dkO; ijaijk esa dUuS ^chBw* xkao esa gSA ft.kjS eqtc fo- la- lwa ikyh] bZMj vj xqtjkr uS thr.k jkS
eYyhukFk vj jk.kh :ika ns % vsd 1330 dkrh cnh 12 uS b.k jkS /kkae fOg;kSA xksfgy uS ekjuS ekjokM+ ekFkS vkf/kir
v/;;u* VkWfid ekFkS ih&,p-Mh- b.kjh iRuh ikjorh jS rhu csVk gk& 1- dj.k jkS oj.ku gSA [ksM+ ekFkS vf/kdkj
yxkSyxA vklFkku] 2- lksux vj 3- vtA b.k jh djcka jS dkj.k b.kka jk oalt ^[ksM+spk*
iRuh jh larku jkS vf/kdkj ^xks;Unk.k* ekFkS dSfoft;kA
fBdk.kkS % fj;kSA f[kyth lqYrku fQjkstlk rqxyd lwa
nwtkS jsyoS Økflax vklFkku flagk jS lqjxokl iNS yM+rk Fkdk fo- la- 1348 esa vklFkku jh
ckyksrjk ¼ckM+esj½ vklFkku xknh laHkkGhA oS ikyh dUuS xwankst fejrw OgSxhA
[email protected] xkao esa fj;kA vklFkku ikyh esa jSork Fkdk vklFkku jS rhu csVk fOg;k& ?kwgM+]
Hkksfe;ka lwa ikyhoky czkgE.kka jkS ilq/ku /kka/ky vj tksilkA ?kwgM+ vklFkku jS iNS
eqxr djk;uS vkijh lxrh jkS ifjpS fn;kSA xknhifr fOg;kSA vkS vkijS fijkdje lwa
[ksM+ ekFkS m.k VSe Pgqok.kka jkS vkf/kir gkS 140 xkao vkijS jkt esa feyk fn;k vj
vj m.k jS vk/khu xksfgy jSork gkA izfrgkjka uS gjk;uS eaMksj ekFkS dCtkS fd;kSA
vklFkku ekSdkS ns[kuSS oBS vf/kdkj dj i.k m.kuS dk;e uha jk[k lfd;kSA fo- la-
yhUgkSA uS.klh jh [;kr esa fy[;ksM+kS gS dS 1366 esa ipinjk jS ^frjlaxMh* xkao esa
[ksM+ jS xksfgyka jkS iz/kkau ^Mkch* jktiwr gkSA b.kk jh fejrw fOgxhA ?kwgM+ pkdsLojh ekrk
okS vklFkku lwa fefy;kS vj tq) lk: jh ewjr ekjokM+ esa Y;k;uS ûkxk.kka* xkao
vklFkku uS mdlk;kS vj tn tq) l: esa Fkkfir djh ftdkS jkBkSM+ka jh dqynsoh
gq;kS rkS Mkch dS;kS] ^Mkch MkoS rkS xksfgy ûkx.ksph* ekrk jS ukao lwa ukaeh OghA

jk;iky& /kwgM+ jS iNS jko jk;iky ikV lksyafd;ka jh HksGh lsuk lwa tq) djrh osGk tn rkbZ f=Hkqo.klh thorkS gS rn rkbZ okS
cSBkA vS ?k.kk nkuh iqj[k gkA vdkG jS dkG uS fefy;kSA tndS ekyk.kh jS bfrgkl egsoka ekFkS gd uha tek ldSA b.k okLrS
Vse t.k&ek.kl esa /kkau&eky ckVuS esa fy[;ksMkS gS dS vkS eqYrku jk gkde m.kkjS HkkbZ inelh uS ijyksHku ns;uS
êghjsy.k* ukao lwa ukaeh fOg;kA ;knooalh lwtkey lwa tq) dfj;kS vj rqjdkS jh ^lksey* T>Sj jk ?kkoka ekFkS ikVk dj.k jkS
jktk êkaxk* uS vkijkS pkj.k c.kk;kSA egsoka ekFkS p<kbZ jh osGk fo- la-1339 esa dSoSA ft.k lwa m.kjh fejrw OgS tkoS vj
ft.k lwa b.kka jk oalt jksgfM+;k ckjgB ekfj;kS x;kSA vki egsok jk Lokeh c.k tkoSA
dSfoft;kA jk;iky ckM+esj jS dkauh jk jko NkM+k& tky.klh jS iNS csVkS jko lG[kka& jko lG[kka HkhjMx< xkao
iaokjka uS gjk;uS egsok esa ijosl dfj;kS NkM+kth jktikV laHkkfG;kSA oS tSlk.kS ekFkS clk;kSA Hkhueky tk;uS Pgwaok.kkS lwa naM
vj b.kuS vkijS jkt esa feyk;kSA jk;iky p<kbZ djh vj iNS oBS jk HkkfV;ka lwa olwfy;kS vj vkijh jkt/kkuh c.kkbZA
}kjk ckM+esj jk 560 xkaoka uS ijekjka lwa vkijh csVh ij.kkbZA b.kjS fojn tSlk.kS jh cknlkg lwa lhoka.kkS [kksluS HkkbZ tSreky uS
fNucka jkS oj.ku gSA jk;iky fo-la- [;kr esa tSlk.kS jk jkoG NkMk ekFkS tq) nhUgkSA
1309 eka; nsoyksd fOg;kA dfj;kS vj jkBkSM+ka uS vkijh csVh ij.kkbZA Ekkyka.kh jS bfr;kl esa ly[kkath jS ikap
xhr jko jk;iky /kwgM+ksr jkS vS Hkhueky jk lksuxjka lwa tq) djrh jk.kh;ka crkbZ gSa& 1- eaMksoj jh ifjgkj
;g dksV ÅFkki /kjk Fkjlys] fje jslk jslS osGk fo-l-1345 esa dkae vk;kA NkM+k jS jk.kka :iM+k jh csVh A 2- gkM+hthA 3-
fjejkgA iq=ka jh foxr b.k Hkkar gSa& VhMk& vS jkt mejdksV jh lks<hA 4- lksyadh;k.kh vj
jk;iOo olS j<jke.k] ok/kka ngwafopS ikV laHkfG;kSA b.kjS vykok [kks[kj] 5- Pgaqok.k.khA
okjkgAA okuj] lheky] [khilka vj dkUgMns vknA jk.kh eaxk HkkVkS jh cgh esa lG[kkath jh
vkG Hka;dj dku vGkoS] VkGS ugha dkbZa jko VhM+k& NkM+k jS iNS jko VhMk Ng jk.kh;ka jkS oj.ku feyS gS&
dakVkGkA jktikV laHkkfG;kSA fVÏh nG jh rjS lSuk 1- jk.kh ijk.kns Pgqoak.k xtsiky gsekor
[kkOo ukgjkafg;S [kSMspkS] vkBwa ikS?kZj djS gqo.k jS dkj.k b.kjkS ukao ^VhMk* ifM+;kSA dhA
fxMvkGAA vS lkearflga lksuxjka lwa Hkhueky esa tq) 2- jk.kh xskjtk xksikyk.kh jk;ey
dkaBS jgS da<hj d.k.krk] yksis rdS ugha dfj;kS vj m.kjh fllksn.kh jk.kh uS vkijS xtfl?kkaorjhA
rGyhgA jkt esa ys; vk;kSA ft.k lwa ^dkUgM ns* jkS 3- jk.kh /khjkns xsgyksr.kh Hkknq ctkor jh
/kwgMmr lnk fnu ?kkSOokS] vsdy pjS oGS tye fOg;kSA xqtjkr jh lsuk tn egsoka fBdk.kk dqpSjkA
v.kchgAA ekFkS geykS dfj;kS tn vkS dkae vk;kS vj 4- jk.kh ifjgkj jk.kk :i fl?kkaor jhA
b.k xhr esa jko jk;iky jh ohjrk jkS b.kjS iq= lG[kka uS xqtjkr lsuk idM+uS 5- jk.kh jxkans lks<h gkikor oh.kkor jh
oj.ku gSA b.k esa dfo b.k uS lwvj jS T;wa ys;xhA b.kjh fejrwa lhok.kk esa vkijk fBdk.kk vejdksVA
cGlkGh crk;kS gSA vkS tkyksj vj Hkk.ktk lkry vj lkse jh enn djrh 6- jk.kh ohjkns eksgyk.kh lkaxka cknzor jh
tSlyeSj jS chpkGS fujfHkdrk lwa jkt osGk gqoSA jko VhMk jS iq=ka jh foxr b.k fBdk.kk lkpkSjA
HkksX;kSA m.kjS jkt vfrØe.k jkS fd.kh esa Hkkar gS& uS.klh jh [;kr eka; lG[kkath jh vsd
lkgl dksuha gkSA 1- f=Hkqolh 2-dkUgM+ ns 3- lG[kka 4- okr jh foxr b.k Hkkar feyS gS&
dudiky& yxSVxS fo- la- 1313 esa inelhA iSyh ly[kkath jS vkSykn dksuha ghA
jk;iky jS iNS csVkS dudiky egsok jkS jko dkUgM +ns& jko rhMk jS iNS dkUgM vsdj vS taxG esa vk[ksV lk: x;kA tn
xknhifr Og;kSA m.k VSe tSlka.kS jh lhao bZ ns xknh laHkkGhA jktikV lEHkGrka bZ lS lwa oS ?k.kk vGxk x;k rkS m.kkjS rhj ykx
egSok lwa tqfM+;ksM+h ghA fo- la- 1323 esa iSyh vkijS HkkbZ lG[kka uS NqMko.k jkS x;kS rkS oS vsd lk/kq jh /kw.kh dUuS tk;uS
HkkVh “kkldka jS minzo esa dudiky jh ftEekS ysoSA m.k jS dUuS brjh lsuk dksuha ika.kh ihcka jh eulk jk[khA tn lk/kq
fejrwa OgSxhA b.kjS rhu csVk fOg;k& gh dS okS xqtjkr lsuk lwa yM ldSA b.k deMaG dkauh blkjkS djuS ika.kh iho.k jkS
Hkhedj.k& ftdkS HkfV;ka lwa tq) djrh lk: okS ckgM+ vj chgM ukao jk nks; dS;kSA m.k osGk lG[kka vj m.kjkS ?kksM+kS
osGk dkd unh jS rV ekFkS ekfj;kS x;kSA jktiqjksfgrka uS vkS dkae lwfi;kSA oS tksxh nksuwa ika.kh ih;kS i.k okS deaMG [kkyh uha
b.k lk: vsd nwgkS ?k.kkS pkokS gS& jS Hks[k esa oBS iwfx;k vj oh.kk ctk;uS gq;kSA vkS ns[kuS lG[kka nax jS; x;kS vj
vk/kk /kjrh uhao] vk/kh yksnjkos /k.khA cknlkg uS [kql dj nhUgkS vj ojnkau :i okS vkijh larku uha gqo.k jh ckr dS;h rkS
dkdunh js lhoa] jkBkSMak uS HkkfV;kAA eaas lG[kka uS eqxr dj.k jh izkFkZuk djS lk/kq m.kuS P;kj lqikjh vj vsd xksGkS
tky.klh& vkS dudiky jkS xknhifr vj lG[kka eqxr OgS; tkoSA tn okS [ksM+ ns;uS dS;kS dS vS vkijh ?kjokGh uS
fOg;kSA vkoS dkUgMns m.kuS HkkbZ caV esa xkao nsoS f[kykoSyk rkS m.k lwa ikap larku gqoSykA
fotSiky& b.kjkS oal foLrkj dksuha ftdkS ^ly[kkokl.kh* dqgk;kSA iq+= jkS ukao eYyhukFk jk[khtkSA lG[kka
fOg;kSA f=Hkqo.klh& dkUgM+ ns jS iNS m.kjkS HkkbZ lk/kq dSs;kS T;wa bZ dfj;kS vj b.kjS P;kj
tky.klh& b;ka rkS Hkhedj.k duduky f=Hkqo.klh jkt laHkkGSA b.k VSe b.kjkS csVk vj vsd csVh OghA
jkS eksHkh csVkS gkS i.k m.k jh fejrw firk jS HkrhtkS eYyhukFk b.kjS lkxS tq) djS vj b.kh [;kr esa nwth dkauh fy[;ksMkS gS dS
thork Fkdk fOgxh gh rkS m.kjkS HkkbZ b.kuS ?kk;y djuS lkljS ¿bank ifM+;kjÀ lG[kka dhjk.kka jh ftalk [kjhn.k lk:
tky.klh xknh cSBkSA vkS HkkVh vj iwxk; nsoSA m.k osGk eYyhukFk lkspS dS egsoka vk;kS rkS ekjx esa m.kuS P;kj 'ksj
vad& 2015 57
65
feyS ftdkS vkijkS fldkj [kk; fj;k OgSA jko lG[kka jh larku lwa m.k VSe ?k.kh tye cjl uS lqGtkoka jh ftX;ka vGwtk
vkS ns[kuS jksgh m.kuS lxqu crkoS dS ckrka tqfM+;ksM+h ghA dSoS gS dS lG[kka jS ?kjS nsoSA b.k dkj.k eYyhukFk frfFk uS iq[krka
lG[kka jS P;kj csVk OgSykA b.k Hkkar vkxS 'kaHkqukFk tksxh jh fdjik lwa lkseokj vj rkSj r; dj.k lk: vSM+h frFk jkS vkljkS
pkyuS vk ckr lkph OgS tkoSA ly[kka jS lkre jS fnu eYyhukFk jkS tye fOg;kSA yso.kkS iM+lh ftdkS b.kka jkS tye cjl
P;kj csVk vj vsd csVh OgSA ft.k jh iqfLV b.kjS rhu csVk vkSj fOg;kA vj VhdkS fuf”pr dj ldSA b.k okLrS jkoG ?kM+lh
?k.kdjk [;krdkj djh gSA eYyhukFk uS fefy;kSA b.k nwgk esa tksxh jkS jh dksbZ frFk vkika jh enn dj ldS] D;wadS
xhr jko lŒ[kk rhMkor jkS& ukao ^'kHkqaukFk* gS i.k nwth [;krka esa tSlk.kS jk HkkVh “kkld eYyhukFk jk
ckgjwvka gqvS udks cSjkb ] /k.k fogfl ds ^jruukFk* bZ feyS gSA eYyhukFk jS tye ledkyhu gk vj lkxSS&lkxS oS bZ tSlk.kS
dk.kka /kqvkA iNS lG[kka jkS Hkkx [kqyX;kSA vSM+h fdonarh ekFkS ?kM+lh jkS vkfFkir Fkkfir djok;kSA
ikSr QqVr leS nS ij HkqbZ] ly[k fy;k rkbZ gS dS eYyhukFk jS tye iNS tn m.k jk flykys[kka jS eqtc jkoG ?kM+lh jh fejrw
Lky[k gqvkAA vkaoG teha eka; xkMcka lk: [kkMkS HkfV~Vd laor 738 fo- la-1418@ 1361
nqtM+kgFkS xzgS nl nslk] /kM+ lcGh ekpark [kksncka ykX;k rkS oBS lksuS jh eksgjka lwa bZ- esa OghA b.kjkS eryc vkS gS dS
?kkbA Hkfj;ksMkS p: fefy;kSA b.k lwa lG[kk jh eYyhukFk jkS tye ?kM+lh lwa ?k.kkS iSyk
deGk HksaV djS dSohgj] dify;sSt dukS vkjfFkd gkGr pks[kh OgSxhA OgSX;kS gkSA tSlk.kS ekFkS vkf/kir djkoka esa
tSjkbAA ßtS Fkkuda yh/kkS tye] eky tlS egospA eYyhukFk jS csVS txeky jkS gkFk gkSA vj
djs u dGfga ØeS tkb dsoh] djSft;ka uj vorkjh uhitS] [k=koV HkM [ksM+spaAA** txeky jh Åej m.k VSe 20 cjl jh ghA
fdjekG dfjA ckr rkS fOg;h eYyhukFk jS tye LFkku b.k nhB lwa le>ka rkS eYyhukFk jh Åej
NkMkgjkS dgS u NkMw] vk; lxzaoh ftdk jhaA vcS ckr djka tye leS jh] rkS tye pkGhl cjl OgSykA b.kjkS eryc vkS gS dS
vfjAA leS esa ekjokM jk [;krdkjka esa ?k.kk eYyhukFk jkS tye fo- la- 1374 lwa
mxe.k yxS Lkwj mNkfG;S] feGS egkcG erHksn ns[k.k uS feyS gSaA 1380 jS chp fOg;kSA ftdkS ?k.kkS gn rka.kh
ePNfjeka.kA ia fo”oslj ukFk jsÅ jS eqtc eYyhukFk “kkld vj jkf.k;ka jh tye i=h lwa esG
Rkk.kS crGk;kS rhMkmr] <kf.k;ka rkb <hy jkS tye fo-la- 1415@ 1358 bZ- esa [kkoS gS vj f'koflg pks;y jh frFk lkp
fo;S <ka.kAA fOg;kSA jS vklS&iklS fQjS gSA i.k jsÅ vj
b.k xhr esa lG[kka fd.k Hkkar nqleh jkedj.k vklksik jS eqtc eYyhukFk jkS vklksik jh frFkka lgha uha ykxS D;wdS vS
“kkflr ijnslka uS ywVuS y[kifr c.kSS] tye fo-la-1431@1374 bZ- esa fOg;kSA nksuwa bZ ekuS dS tSlyeSj fnjko.k esa
b.kjkS oj.ku gSA jk.khexka HkkVka jk cgh jS eqtc b.kka jkS eYyhukFk jkS dksbZ tksxnkau dksuha gkSA
uS.klh jh [;kr esa lG[kka jh vkl tye fo- la-1314@ 1257 bZ- esa b.k rjS vkS lkj d<S dS eYyhukFk jkS
vkSykn b.k Hkkar gS& vafdr gSA tye fo-la- 1374 esa fOg;kSA tdkS “kkld
1- Pgqok.k eatqiky gsejktksr jh iq=h lwa Mh-ch- {khjlkxj rkfdZd vk/kkj lwa vj jkf.k;ka jh tyei=h esa fn;ksM+kS gSA
eYyhukFk vj tSrekyA crkoS dS eYyhukFk jkS tye fo- la- eYyhukFk jkS oal fojN
2- tksfg;ka /khjns jh iq=h lwa ohje nsA 1380@ 1323 bZ- lwa fo- la-1400@ 1- jko flagk ¿ekjokM+ jk laLFkkid
3- eksfgy t;ey xtfla?k jh iq=h lwa 1343 bZ- jS fcpkGS fOg;kSA 1112& 1273 bZ-À
lksfHkr jkS tye fOg;kSA Hkwjflag jkBkSM+ lar “kkld jh tye 2- jko vklFkku ¿1273& 1292 bZ-À
TkndS nwth [;krka esa ekyk vj tSreky frFk fo- la-1395@1338 bZ- esa fuf”pr 3- jko /kwgM+ ¿1292& 1309 bZ-À
uS ifjgkjka jk Hkk.ktk crk;k gSA ekuS gSA 4- jko jk;iky ¿1309& 1313 bZ-À
b.k vk/kkj lwa vkika dS; ldk dS jko eYyhukFk jS tye isVS vsd nwgkS ?k.kkS 5- jko dudiky ¿1313& 1328 bZ-À
lhgka jh uoha ih<h esa jko lG[kk jS ?kjS pkokS gS& 6- jko tku.klh ¿1323& 1328 bZ-À
eYyhukFk jkS tye fOg;kSA eYyhukFk jkS ßlaor ponksa fpyksrjks lqn lko.k eklA 7- jko NkM+k ¿1328& 1344 bZ-À
tye vsd tksxh jS ojnkau lwa lG[kk jS ly[kkor tYeh;ks fljs izdV eky 8- jko VhM+k ¿1344& 1357 bZ-À
eksHkh csVk jS :i esa ipinjk dUuS ^xksiMh* izdklAAÞ 9- 1- jko dkUgM ns 2- jko f=Hkqo.klh
xkao esa fOg;kSA mn;Hkka.k paikor jh [;kr b;kadS fo- la-1404@ 1347 bZ- esa lar 3- jko ly[kkath ¿1357& 1374 bZ-À
esa eYyhukFk uS izfrgkj jk.kk :iMka jh “kkld jkS b.k lalkj esa inkZi.k fOg;kSA 10- 1- eYyhukFk ¿1374&89 bZ-À2-
iq=h jh dw[k lwa crkoS gSA tks/kiqj jh [;kr “kkld vj jk.kh;ka jh vizdkf”kr tye tSreky 3- ohje 4- lksHkr
vj ckadhnkl jh [;kr b.kjkS vuqlj.k if=;ka jh dqaMGh eqtc eYyhukFk pSr cnh 11- eYyhukFk jS nl lwa cslh csVk gq;k
djS gSA tndS uS.klh jh [;kr esa b.kuS ikape laor 1374@ 1317 bZ- esa fOg;kSA ft.kka esa txeky cslh ukaeh gq;kSA
eatqiky gSejktksr Pgqok.ka jh csVh tk.khn vj ?kkae ekxZ”kh’kZ cnh X;kjl xq#okj
jh dw[k lwa fo-la-1415 eka; crkoS gSA laor 1450@ 1393 bZ- crkoSA
^^lkre us lkseokj lG[ks, >kyh f'ko jh ßekGiqr lG[kk uhr jhr dkt geHkosaA
lsrukA lk>a lhj eu[kka] gGe dj le>kosaAAÞ
lG[kka uS VwVkS 'kaHkqukFk nh/kks eksch MhdjksAÞ vBS fn;ksM+h lxGh frfFk;ka eYyhukFk jS
phar&char esokM+h fp=dyk vj ek;M+Hkklk iz;ksx
MkW- Jhd`’.k tqxuw
jktLFkku jh fp=dyk vkijS fo"k;& i.k crko.k jkS tcjkS dkae djS vj fl)
oSfo/; vj pV[k jaxka jS eqtc ?k.kh pkoh djS dS ts ek;M+ Hkklk jkS egrc uha gqorkS
vj Bkoh gSA vBS jktklz; vj yksdklz; rkS Qsj mYFkkS D;wadj gqorkSA iB.k&ikB.k
nksuwa esa fp=dyk jkS foxlko ns[;kS tk; vj ckap.k rkS ek;M+ Hkklk esa bZ gqorkS gkSA
ldSA nslh fj;klrka vj BkSM+&Fkka.k jS eqtc lk/kkj.k feu[k lwa ys;uS lkear vj
dsbZ ukoka lwa fp=dyk jh fiNka.k djh tkoSA jktkx.k bZ ek;M+ Hkklk esa bZ ckr djrk]
b.kesa esokM+ jh dye vkijS pks[kk&vksirk ckaprk vj folS uS gh;S jkS gkj c.kkorkA
jaxka vj eksVh dye jS :i esa vBS [kkl&[kkl fpf=r xzaFkka ekFkS fopkj
tka.kh&fiNka.kh tkoSA egkjk.kk eksdy djhtS ft.kka jk fprjkae jS lkxS&lkxS m.kka
¼1420&1433 bZ-½] egkjk.kk dqaHkk esa fy[;ksM+h vksGîka esa ek;M+Hkklk jh lkSje
¼1433&1468 bZ-½] egkjk.kk jk;eG ysork vkika jkS eu dksuha HkjSA esokM+h
¼1433&1508 bZ-½ vj iNS egkjk.kk dye jh vk eksVh fiNka.k gS dS m.kesa
çrki ¼1572&1597 bZ-½ lwa ys;uS pdyhyk ewG jax feyS vj js[kkadu fiNe
egkjk.kk vejflag ¼1597&1620 bZ-½] Hkkjr jh viHkzal “kSyh lwa feySA js[kkadu esa
MkW - Jhd` " .k tq x uw egkjk.kk dj.kflag ¼1620&1628 bZ-½] dks.knkj js[kkoka feyS vj eqaMk jh c.kxV
egkjk.kk txrflag ¼1628&1652 bZ-½] tawuh iksF;ka jk fprjkae jS eqtc gqoSA vBS
egkjk.kk jktflag ¼1652&1680 bZ-½] oj.k&fo/kkau] vkdkj vj c.kxV jh
Jhd`’.k tqxuw jkS fpÙkkSM+x< ftyS
jS dLcS vkdksyk esa 2 egkjk.kk t;flag ¼1680&1698 bZ-½] vkijh futwa ç.kkyh gh] ts dkG jS varjkG
vDVwcj] 1964 bZ- uS tyeA êsokM+ egkjk.kk vejflag nwtk ¼1698&1710 esa iwjh rjS lwa Qwyrh&Qyrh jS;hA
izns'k dk ghM lkfgR;* Åijka jktLFkku bZ-½ vj egkjk.kk laxzkeflag nwtk i`Fohjkt jh osy %
fo'ofo|ky; lwa ih&,p-Mh-A ¼1710&1734 bZ-½ jS vklz; esa jkxekGk chdkusj jk jkBkSM+ i`Fohjkt jh jP;ksM+h
i=dkfjrk eka; bZ LukrdksÙkj fMIyksek vj chtS xzaFkka jkS tdkS fp=.k gq;kS rkS osy jkS ukao fØlu&#def.k jh osy gSA
vj f'k{kk LukrdA lu~ 1978 lwa fp=dyk vkijS futwa :i fy;ka txpkoh esokM+ esa b.k xzaFk ekFkS fp=kadu egkjk.kk
ys;uS vkt rka.kh 6 gtkj lwa cslh ys[k gq;hA vBS jk fprsjk laL—r xzaFkka jS t;flag jS cxr¼1680&98 bZ-½ esa gq;kA
U;kjS& U;kjS Nkika esa NI;k FkdkA
^jktLFkku dk yksd igukok* ¼ekuo lkxS&lkxS ek;M+ Hkklk jktLFkkuh jS Bkok i`Fohjkt ikrlkg vdcj jk njckjh gk
lalk/ku fodkl ea=ky; [kkrj 'kks/k xzaFkka jkS i.k fp=kadu dh/kkSA vj vdcj lwa m.kk uS xkxjkSu jkS x<
los Z { k.k½] ^HkykHkkbZ & cq j kHkkbZ * dsbZ xzaFkka jkS mYFkkS fp=dkjka jS le>.k fefy;ksM+k gkSA ihFkG jS ukao lwa i`Fohjkt jh
¼jktLFkkuh yksddFkkoka½] êsokM+ ds lk: gq;kS vj Qsj oka ft.k Hkkar jk fp= [;kfr jktLFkkuh lkfgR; esa vkijS
yksdu`R;*] ^fookg cUnuoky* ¼esokM+ dksjîk rkS xzaFkka jS mYFkka uS uoh fiNka.k egkjk.kka çrki uS fy[;k i= lwa Bkoh gS&
jk fookg xhr½] ^fprpksj fpÙkkSM*+] feyhA b.kesa ,dfyax ekgkRE;] lwjlkxj] ikrG ts irlkg] cksys eq[k gwark o;.kA
^n'kZuh; mn;iqj*] êsokM+ ds efUnj*] ekyrh&ek/ko] ek/ko&dkedanyk] lwdj{ks= fegj fiNe fnl ekag] ÅxS dklijko mr॥
^yksd'kfäihB vklkojk ekrk*] êsokM+
dh tutkrh; o yksd laLd`fr*] ^dyk ekgkRE;] fdlu&#def.k jh osy tSM+k xzaFkka i`Fohjkt jkS tye foØeh laor 1606 esa
dh dkydFkk*] ôkLrq ,oa f'kykp;u* jkS ukao dnSbZ Hkqyk;ka uh Hkwy ldkaA b.kht chdkusj jk egkjktk jko dY;k.key jS
lesr ?k.kh bZ iksF;ka Nih FkdhA :i esa <ksyk&ek: jh pmibZ] i`Fohjkt Egyka gq;kSA ¼jktLFkkuh lkfgR; % iq#"kksÙke
jklkS tSM+k jktLFkkuh dkO; xzaFk rkS vkijS yky esukfj;k] ist 67½ b.k xzaFk jk 95
fBdk.kkS % ewG :i esa fpf=r gq;k vj dknacjh] fp= mn;iqj jS iqjkrRo foHkkx jS n¶rj esa
40] jktJh dkWyksuh ,dkn'kh ekgkRE;] Jhen~ H kkxor] Bkok gSA b.kesa gjsd fp= jS ekFkS twauh
fouk;d uxj egkHkkjr] jkek;.k] lkjax/kj] iapk[;ku] esokM+h esa Vhdk fy[;ksM+h gSA lxGk
mn;iqj&313001 jfldfç;k] xtsaæeks{k] fcYoeaxy tSM+k fprjkae y?kqfp=.k “kSyh jS :i esa gSA vkS
eks- % 9672872766 NksVk&cMk xzaFk vkijS ewG jS ikB jS xzaFk Hkxokau —".k vj #def.k jS C;kg lwa
lkxS&lkxS fpf=r gq;uS vkijh fiNka.k laca/k jk[kSA b.k jh dFkk jkS vk/kkj Hkkxor
dk;e djhA dBS&dBS xhr&xksfoan jk iqjka.k lwa fy;kS gSA b.k xzaFk jh dFkk uS nks;
fprjkae esa i.k mYFkkS ns[kck esa vkoSA Hkkxka esa ckaV ldkaA vkxyk vk/ksd esa —".k
b.k vkys[k tksxrh lxÿh vBS fpf=r gq;k xzaFk vkijS mYFkk ikB jS vj #def.k jS C;kg jS iNS fey.k jkS
QksVqoka tqxuw th jh gSaA &la- :i esa ek;M+ Hkklk jS çfr eksg&yxko uS ojojkS gS tndS ikNyk vk/ksd esa Ng
vad& 2015 60
_rqoka vj dfo jh fou; ns[kok&ckapok esa es# gsa dabZ mpka esA jh"kh'ojka f=vko.kZ O;kd.khZ iqjk.k lkaHkY;kA ft.kh esa
vkoSA lu~ 1610 esa chdkuSj jS iNS isyh xk;ks gsA Jhijes'oj jks vf/kdkj NsA rha Fkh egknso
mn;iqj esa b.k osy ekFkS fp=kadu gq;kSA ç-॥osy jks i=॥4॥ çFkhjkt dgs gsA gsa xksj gsa iwtsa gsA ekrk&firk jk eqa<k vkxs
b.k xzaFk esa jktLFkkuh esa mYFkk jkS ekrk nl eklA mnj js fo"ks jk"ks gsA nl ykt djrkaA ykt vkos NsA Hkh"ked jktk
rRdkyhu :i ns[kck tksx gSA ikukaokj ojlrkamaA ikys eksVks djs gsA rhFkh firk Fkh dgs NsA #de.kh Jh—".k gsa nhtsA #debZ
b.kjh Hkklk jkS :i ljko.k tksx gSA iSyS ekrk lqa gsr ?k.kksA n";.k esaA dqan.kiqj gsA vks dgs NsA Xokyka lqa fdlh lxkbZ॥
ikuS ekFkS i`Fohjkt uS fojkftr OgS;uS dFkk tBs Hkh"ke jktk gsA fr.kh js ikap iq=A NBh ç-॥ osy jks i=॥9॥ jktdqy NksMsA
djrk fpf=r dh/kk gSA fp= esa vk/kkj iq=h gsA lqj vlqj uj ukx lsos gs॥ vghjka lqa lxkbZ fdlhA blh #debZ vks
yky jax lwa eaMîkS gS tndS dFkkHkkx uS ç-॥osy jks i=॥5॥ çFkhjkt dgs gsA dgs gsA firk ekrk #debZ vk çrsa dgs NsA
ihGkS djuS vk[kj uS dkGh L;kgh lwa #de.khthA y{ehth jks vorkj gsA vax.k lqj uj ukx Jh—".k gsa lsosa NsA y{eh
ekaMîk gSA dFkk eqtc ijeslj] ljLorh fo"ks blh lksHks gsA tka.ks gal jks ckyd gsA ljh"kh #de.kh NsA olqnso jks iq= oklqnso
vkn vki&vki jk vklu&okg.k ekFkS tka.ks lksukjh osy nks; ikauka jh gsA Ns॥
fcjkftr fn[kk;k gS& #de.khA <qyhj esa gsA lgsY;ka esa blh lksHks ç-॥ osy jks i=॥10॥ iNs #debZ vsA
çFohjkt jh osy jks i=॥1॥ çFkhjkt gsA T;qa tkjka esa cht jks paæ lksHksA liuk ekohrka jh e;kZnk esVsA blks dáksA
jkBkSMA Jh ijesljth gsa ueLdkj djs gsA leku o; gs॥ fllqiky ljh"kks lqoj dksbZ ughaA dqavj
ljLorh gs i.k ueLdkj djs gsA lrxq# gsa ç-॥osy jks i=॥6॥ #de.kh th jhA #debZ vksA oj lkyk jk okgyk jh ukabZA
i.k ueLdkj djs gsA , rhuh rÙo gsA ckY;koLFkk FkhR;k xbZA T;qa lhlhj fjr mQ.;ksA xqj lqa tk, dáksA Egkjh csgu
eaxy :i Jh Hkxokau gs xkots॥ x;ka iNsA olar vki jh ifjxyhvka vkos f'k'kqiky gsa |ksA tnh xqj tk, f'k'kqiky gsa
çFkh-॥ osy jks i=॥2॥ çFkhjkt dgs gsA gsA R;qa #de.khth gsA tksou vkijh ukysj nh/kksA
T;k QqryhA fprkjs fp=h gsA T;kbtA ifjxsys vk;ks॥ b.k Hkkar C;ko jh dFkk vkxS pkySA dFkk
fprkjk gs fp= gsA deykifr jh dhjfr ç-॥osy jks i=॥7॥ #de.khth jks eq"kA jS eqtc osy xzaFk jk :ikGk&:ikGk
dgqa॥ tka.ks xqaxksA ljLorh lqa okn djs gsA iw.kZeklh jk paæek ljh"kks gsA u;.k rsbZt fprjkae dksjîk fx;k gSA b.k esa /;kau nsck
T;qa ikaxyksA eu jh nksM gsa D;qa ikspsxks॥ R;qa deksfnuhA nhid R;ksbZ tuk dgsA tksoujs tksx ckr vk gS dS dkO; xzaFk jkS pks[kkS
gqa ijeslj jk xq.k D;qa xkmaxks॥ tksjs #de.khth jk djo/;kA ty js tksjsA mYFkkS djîka iNS dFkk uS fp= jS eFkkjS
ç-॥ osy jks i=॥3॥ çFkhjkt dgs gsA dkae jk cka.k o/;kA dkae.k jk dqpA gkFkh fy[kh gS vj m.k jS ijoka.kS bZ fp= c.kk;k
lsl js gtkj Q.k gsA Q.k çr nks; thHk jk diksy ljh"kk NsA tka?k dsy ljh"kh gsA fx;k gSA m.kka esa esokM+h dye jkS thorkS&
gsaA thHk çrsa uoks tl xkos gsA rh.kh ikj ioZr ljh"kk dqp NsaA f=oyhA f=os.kh tkxrkS çeka.k feySA vk[kh dFkk mYFkk jS
ik;ks ughaA rks MsMdks dabZ xq.k xkosA rs : ljh"kh NsA u"kka jh miekA :i esa i<ck esa vkoSA b.k esa Hkklk jkS 17
lean dab frjsA ia"kh xxu dabZ ikspsA jad ç-॥osy jks i=॥8॥ #de.khthA oha lnh jkS :i i<ck esa vkoS i.k vkS bZ
vad& 2015 61
:i vkt rkabZ cksyck&pkyck esa vkoSA pks[kh Hkj.k nh[kSA m.k ekFkS fy[;kS gS& fprjkae jh jax vsdkvsd cnGh ykxSA
,dfyax ekgkRE; % ,dfyax ekre jks i=॥1॥ ukjn ok;q gs vk[kkS /kjkrG ?kqIi va/kkjk esa MwC;kS ykxSA
egkjk.kk jk;ey jS jkt cxr iqNs gS॥ Fks lxyks rhu yksd ns";ks gsA rhu tksxfuæk tSM+h nklZfud /kkj.kka uS fprkjS
¼1495 bZ-½ esa esnikVslj ijesljkth yksd jh okr Fks eks lqa lxyh foLrkjs us /kqvka/kkj dh/kkS gSA e/kq&dSVHk nkuoka uS
,dfyaxth vj dSykliqjh rhjFk jh efgeka dghA esfnuh D;wa dsok.khA çFoh D;wa flanwjh vj /kksGS jaxka esa crk;k gSA lslukx
jS :i esa ,dfyax ekgkRE; jh jpuk L;kr~ dsok.khA xzaFk djrk x.ksl ljLorh gs uS /kksGS jax vj m.k ekFkS iks<îk ukjk;.k
iafMr xksiky Hkê nsoHkklk esa dh/khA vkS ixsykx dgs gs॥ uS ihGk dfVoL= /kkj.k fd;k yhyk oj.k
xzaFk egkjk.kk dqaHkk jS jkt cxr esa nwtS ikuS esa xzaFk jh dFkk jkS vkjaHk esa crk;k gSA ukfHk lwa fudGîk czãkth uS
fljT;ksM+k ,dfyax ekgkRE; jkS uokS :i crk;kS gSA vk—frewyd fprjkae jh nhB tksxek;k jkS /;kau djrk fpf=r dh/kk gSA
gSA b.k vk[kS bZ xzaFk jkS esokM+h esa mYFkkS i.k lwa b.k i= jh [kkl ckr vk gS dS b.k esa b.k fp= esa dFkk fodkl jk dsbZ pj.k
gq;kS ft.k jh vsd ikaMqfyfi EgkjS dUuS gSA e[k&tX;l= esa lwr lHkk uS crkoh gS vj ns[kck esa vkoSA b.k ekFkS fy[;kS gS&
tn EgSa b.k xzaFk jkS fganh vuqokn dh/kkS rn dsbZ fjfl;ka uS vkijh ftX;klka fy;ka gkFk ,dfyax ekre jks i=॥3॥ rnh lwr
Bkg ykX;kS dS b.k ekFkS fp=kadu bZ gq;ksM+kS tksMîka ekafM;k gSA yky /kjkrG jS lkxS bZ iksjkf.kd lkSud çrsa cksY;kA ,d lesA
gSA jktLFkku jkT; iqjkrRo foHkkx jh yhykacj esa csoka.k p<îk nsorkoka jS uhpS çy;karsA Jhfo".kqA ls"klk;h iks<îk FkkA
mn;iqj 'kk[kk esa b.k xzaFk jh ekr`dk jk :a[kM+k jh l?kurk uS xgjk vj gGdk rnh fo".kq jk dkauka FkhA e/kq dVSHk nSR;
ikuka feySA çrki laxzgky; jh twauh oLrq oj.kka jS lkxS fn[kk;k fx;k gSA lHkk jS eka; gqvkA rnh m.ks fo".kq jk ukfHk fo"ks czãk
pkSiM+h esa ikuka 213&237 rkabZ b.k lxGk m?kkM+h dk;k esa gS i.k /kksrh /kkj.k ns";kA czãk gs ekjok nksMîkA rnh czãk
fprjkeka jh fx.krh 93 feySA vkS fp=kadu fd;ka gSA b.k ikuS ekFkS fy[;kS gS& ;ksxek;k jh Lrqfr djsA fo".kq tx;kA fo".kq
jkS dkae 1630&35 bZ- jS iNS] egkjk.kk ,dfyax ekre jks i=॥2॥ iNs ok;q tkxs ikap gtkj ojl ;q) dh/kksA rnh nSR;s
txrflag jS vklz; esa
fprkjk lkgcnhu jS usr`Ro
esa Fkjih fprkjka jh vksojh esa
FkksM+S cxr iNS gq;kSA dyk
leh{kd vsaMªks VkWElfiYM vkS
ekuS dS ,dfyax ekgkRE; jkS
fp=kadu 1680&90 bZ- jS
fcpkGS gq;kSA ¼dksVZ isafVax
,V mn;iqj % ,.Mªks
VkW¶lfiYM] ist 94½ b.kht
osGk b.k xzaFk jk lxGk dS
fx.;k&pq.;k 'yksdka jkS
rRdkyhu jktLFkkuh esa
mYFkkS gq;kS vj vsd&vsd
fp= jS eFkkjS nks; lwa ys;uS
rhu&rhu yS.kka esa dFkk
fy[khA
b.k xzaFk jkS vkjaHk
ukjn&ok;q laokn jS :i esa
gq;kS gS i.k l#vkr
x.kslth jh lqej.kka lwa gSA
iSyS ikuS uS rhu pj.kka esa
ckafV;kS gSA b.kesa Mkok cktw
yky lwaM okGk pkjHkqtk/kkjh
x.kslth fojkteaku gS vj
lf[k;ka m.k jh lsok&Vgy esa ukjn çrs dFkk dgs gs॥1॥ lkSmud fj"khA dáks& oj ekaxA rnh dáks eka Fkh ejksxkA
paoj gGkorh nh[kSA manjkS jktheuk gSA usfe"kkj.k fo"ksA ;K djrk Fkdka lxyk b.kht Hkkar pkSFkS ikuS esa /kwlj] xgjkS
eFkkjS fto.kka cktw ok;q vj ukjn uS fj"kh jh lHkk lkaeyrkaA lwr ikSjkf.kd çrsa HkwjkS] yhykS vj cSax.kh jax ?k.kkS nh[kSA
iqjka.k jkS laokn djrk fpf=r dfj;k gSA cksY;kA T;ks esfnuh D;qa dsoka.khA rs i`Foh b.kesa e/kq&dSVHk jh dFkk uS vkxS fy[kh gS
fprjkae esa lthork nh[kkck lk: ihGkS] D;qa dsok.khA ;k foLrkj lqa dgksA i.k fp= jS uhpS l`fLV jk iSyk jktk i`Fkq
gfj;kS] yhykS] yky vj xqykch jaxka jh rhtS ikuS esa dFkk jkS fodkl Øe gS i.k vj i`Foh :i xk; uS laokn djrk crkoh
vad& 2015 62
69
gSA m.k fnuka /kjrh vsd ljh[kh dksuha ghA b.kht rjS lwa rsjgoSa ikuS esa dke/ksuq jh lwa xqQk djrk gqvkA iNs xqQk esa ços'k djs
/kjkrG ekFkS folerk ?k.kh ghA :a[kM+k lwa tkrjk uS crkoh gSA b.kesa vejdaVd] jsok f'kokjk/ku dh/kksA tnh f'ko çlau Ogsj
<D;k exjk jh jpuk lwa varjkG nsaork laxe] vksadkjslj] mTtSu] R;aZcdslj tSM+k nj'k.k nh/kksA oz"kHkk:<A ikoZrh;qäA
Fkdk fprjkae jS eFkkjS /kuql lwa exjk uS rhjFkka jh jpuk jh :i esa oBk jk ijcr] iapoD=A n'kHkqtA blk f'ko çxV gqvkA
/kjkrG jS cjkScj djrk i`Fkqjktk us ufn;ka] xkaoka jk fp=.k lesr vsd&vsd tnh xkSreth f'ko çrsa cksY;kA jktFlks
fn[kk;k gSA ikuS ekFkS fy[;kS gS& ikuka fy;ka :a[kM+k uS crk;k gSA b.k ekFkS :i var/;kZu ilkM+s f'kofyax çxV djksA
,dfyax ekre jks i=॥4॥ iNs nSR;s fy[;kS gS& tnh f'ko dáks vo';A b'kks oj ns
fo".kq lqa dáksA tBs ty u Ogs] rBs ekjksA ,dfyaxekre jks i=॥13॥ iNs var/;kZu ikFkkA iNs xkSreth dkae/ks jks
rnh fo"kks ys cslkMs ekj~;kA iNs m.kka jk dkae/ksuqA flo rhjk vkKk ekaxsA Lej.k dh/kksA iNS dkae/ksuq çxV Ogs
ekal Fkh esfnuh dsoka.kh॥1॥ jktk i`Fkq vejdaVd çrsa x;kaA rBs jsok usadfiyk jk f'kofyax ijs nw/k lwa lhaP;ksA
gqvksA ft.kh jktkA esfnuh gsa vfLFk ekal lqa laxe fo"ksA Åadkjs'oj ekgknso çxV /;kau tksx ckr vk gS dS b.kesa /kksGS jax
fo"ke ns"ksA /kuq"k jk xkslk lqa leh djsA dh/kkA iNs nq/k lqa flapu dh/kksA iNs lwa mHkk o`"kHk jkS vadu gSA m.k jk flaxM+k
exjk Hksyk Fkk ts leh dh/khA rnh çFoh dkae/ksuq mts.k tk,A egadkys'oj çxV uS lksuk lwa tMîk crk;k gSA xGS esa
/ksuq :i djsA çlau Ogs on nh/kksA rnh dh/kkA iNs dkae/ksuq L=acds'oj çxV Nqæ?kafVdkoka uS jetksG jh ft;ka cka/kh gSA
jktk dáksA b.kh js folsL; ?k.kks OgksA Egkjs dh/kkA n{k nsl fo"ksA tBs jkae y{ke.k b.k ekFkS dsbZ eqaMk vj m.kka ekFkS vk/kk
ukae çFoh dsokvksA rnh dáks OgksA lhrk jáka Fkk॥ paæek uS /kkj.k dh/kk] xaxk jh rjaxka lwa
b.k xzaFk esa esokM+h dye jh folslrkoka vkxs 14oSa ikuS esa /kksGh dke/ksuq jS Hkhatrk nlHkqt f”ko uS lokj fn[kk;k gSA
rkS nh[kS gS bZ i.k m.k cxr esa cksypky esa fopj.k jk dsbZ iM+ko vsd gh ikuS ekFkS fto.kka cktw meknsoh fcjkft;k gSA xkSre
vkok okGh jktLFkkuh yksdHkklk esa laL—r ekaMok esa fprkjs ?k.kh gqaL;kjh crkohA eqfu uS vSM+S :i jh vkjk/kuk djrk] gkFk
jS mYFkk jh NVk bZ ns[kck esa vkoSA de lwa b.kesa /otknaM vj fl[kj&vaMk lesr tksMîka fpf=r dh/kk gSA eFkkjS nsoxk;
de vksGîka jS eka; dFkk jS Hkko uS nsoy okGh cLrh nh[kSA ifjosl us jkrksNV dke/ksuq uS L;kar Hkko esa nw/kk/kkj cgkork
le>ko.k jkS pks[kkS dkae nh[kSA vkBoSa] dh/kkS vj dke/ksuq jk Lruka lwa flafpr vj m.kk jS uhpS f”kofyax us fpf=r dh/kkS
uaoSa vj X;kjgoSa ikuS esa eaMh vksGîka uS flofyax uS P;kj Bka.kS crk;kS gSA b.kesa gSA b.kht esa xkseq[k lwa tG/kkjk uS crkork
fprjkae lwa vkiwavki le>h tk; ldSA ç;kx] okjk.klh] }kjdk tSM+k rhjFkka uS Fkdk xkserh unh uS dyfir dh/kh gSA
fy[;kS gS& fn[kk;k gSA b.k ekFkS fy[;kS gS& xkSre fjfl dqlk jS vkxS jk Hkkx lwa [kkM+kS
,dfyax ekre jks i=॥8॥ iNS ikoZrh ,dfyaxekre jks i=॥14॥ iNS djrk rhu :ika esa crk;k gSA b.k fprjkae
Jki nh/kksA eka/kkrk uxjh fo"ksA flofyax dkae/ksuqA ç;kx fo"kS tk,A egknso çxV esa vsd bZ t.kka jS dsbZ dkeka jkS fp=.k
iM+ksA iNs esnikV esaA dke/ksuq laHkkj~;k dh/kkA iNs okjk.klh fo"ks tk,A fo'oukFk ns[kck tksx gSA exjk jh xqQk jS esa
FkhA ,dfyax çxV djhA rBs Fks lxyk çxV dh/kkA }kjdk fo"ks lkseukFk çxV vk;rkdkj dqaM vj m.k esa vkBdks.kh;
nsork ik"kk.k :i Ogs ds jstksA brjks dgsA dh/kkA iNs vusd fyax çxV dh/kkA tGjkfl jkS :ikadu T;kferh; js[kkoka jh
ikoZrh foa/;oklk nsoh gqrk gqvkA iNs flo vkxS 73 oSa fprjkae jS eFkkjS m.kjh nhB lwa lqfu;ksftr :i esa gS vj fp= esa
ihMk ikaE;k Fkdk xksyksd x;kA iNs xk; jk fol;&oLrq jS :i esa xkSre fjfl jkS çlax dFkk uS dsbZd Lrjka ekFkS nh[kkoh gSA b.k
isV esa xHkZ jákA iNs uhyoz"kHk Ogs çxV b.k Hkkar fy[;kS gS& ekFkS fy[;kS gS&
gqvkA iNs bUækfnd nso Lrqfr djrk gqvkA iNS xkSrethA tkaus ioZr vkosA dq'kkxz iNS ,dfyaxth jk x.k Hkkar Hkkar jk
,dfyax ekre jks i=॥9॥
iNs ikoZrh uanh gs Jki nh/kksA
eksgs rs vJq NksM+k;k NsA rha Fkk
rq ck"i jktk gkstsA ukxºzn js
fo"ks---A
,dfya x ekre jks
i=॥11॥ iNs dke/ksuqA nq/k
Jos usa ,dfyax ikrky Fkh
çxV dh/kkA dke/ksuq ,dfyax
gsA nq/k lqa Luku djkorh gqbZA
iNs czãkfnd nsoA gkFk tksM+s
Jh,dfyax jh Lrqfr djrk
gqvkA dSykl Fkh flo i/kkj~;k
tnhA ioZr ioZrka js fo"ks y;
ik;kA ikfjtkrkfnd oz";A
oz";k js fo"ks y; ik;kA
vad& 2015 62
61
58
okgu us Hkkar Hkkar jk eq[k] bZ'kk x.k ltho vj mnkÙk dYiuk ns[kck&tksck fj;kS gS vj frjlwG fy;ka egknso urZu
egknsoth js lehi olrk gqokA egknsoth okGk jS lkEgha jk[kh gSA /kje lwa fojks/k dj fj;k gSA m.kjS cktw esa vsd t.kkS
js lehi fo"ksx Hkokuh vusd :i djS jsrk djck okGk çse uS HkoHkwfr lekt lk: ekanG ctk fj;kS gS vj nwtkS eathjk
gqokA ,dfyaxth jks l:i çkr:dkys czãk uqdlkunk;h le>uS m.kuS fljS lwa [kkfjt [k.kdk fj;kS gSA tdkS çlax ekaMîkS fx;kS
jks l:i nh"krks gqoks] e/;kUg dks #æ :i] dj fn;kS gSA OgS ekuS dS çsek gS] m.k jS eqtc bZ fp= dksfj;kS fx;kS gSA
la/;k leS fo".kq :i nh"krks gqoksA vlekIrksRlo:A çse jkS mPNc dnSbZ ekyrh॥8॥ rnh uVA jkth Ogs cksY;ksA
b.k fprjkae esa ,dfyaxth jk dsbZd [kre dksuha gqoSA ¼laL—r lkfgR; dk ;ks jkt jks gksde dhts gsA th.kh gsa T;ks
:ika uS ^vsd dk; U;kjk&U;kjk njl.k* bfrgkl % cynso mik/;k;] ist 544½ os"k tqxr gsA R;ks os"k rnh t lh"kk;ksA
T;wa fn[kkok jkS :ikGkS dkae ykxSA vsd lwa b.k xzaFk jS fp=kadu esa 17oSa lbZdS esa oz/kkojr tnh t.kh jks ukae dkeandhA
cslh eqaMk fy;k f”ko uanh ekFkS vlokj gSA yhyk] [;ky] Hkka.k&HkqokabZ vj ukVd jS rh.kh jks isyks os"kA lq=/kkj /kjsA rh.kh jh
b.kht Hkkar 90oSa ikuS ekFkS fy[;kS gS& eapu jh ijaijkoka vj m.k jk yksdkpkjka psyhA voyksfdrkA rh.kh jks os"k /kjs॥
xk; vkxs JhØ".k dgs gSA dfytqx js uS vkNh rjS lwa ns[;kS tk; ldSA esokM+h b.k vkBoSa fprjkae esa nks; t.kka iM+nkS
fo"ks xk; nw/k FkksM+ks djSA ckjs cjl jh L=h dye jS eka; ts folslrk nh[kS] m.kk jk idMuS ÅHkk gSA ikNS ekanfG;kS ekanG vj
çloSA d.khd~ js csVk ?k.kk OgSA d.khd js eksVk&eksVk :i b.k çdj.k&xzaFk jS rqjhoknd lqf"kj cktkS ctk fj;kS gSA Åaph
larfr dkabZ u OgSA 'kwæ czkã.kka gs mins'k fp=kadu esa ns[kck esa vkoSA m.k cxr esa xknh ekFkS ns[kck uS egkjk.kk fcjkft;k gSA
djSA [;kyka esa ijM+k fd;ka ykxrk] dBS ukVd& ikNS flokykS gS ft.k jS cktw esa :a[kM+kS
b.k fprjkae esa Jh—".k lwa laokn djrk [;ky gqork] xkck okGk] ctkck okGk] ekaMîkS fx;kS gSA vkxS lw=/kkj [;ky jk
dke/ksuq c.kh gSA vkS fprjkae vsd bZ ikuS ns[kck okGk dBS cSBrk vj [;kyka jkS Hks[k esa çdj.k jS çlax uS nh[kk; fj;k gSA
ekFkS dsbZd çlax uS fn[kkck jkS pks[kkS :i vk.kan mBkork] vkS i.k ns[kok&le>ck m.kk jk lkekau i.k vkxS /kj;ksM+k gSA
gSA dGtqx esa c/krk vukpkj jkS çlax b.k esa vkoSA laL—r jkS mYFkkS m.k dkG jh nwtk&rhtk fprjkae %
esa ns[;kS tk; ldSA eFkkjS Mkok cktw jktLFkkuh esa fd.k Hkkar fd;kS x;kS vj esokM+ fp=”kSyh esa dsbZ laL—r Lrks=
ikNGk ixka uS mBk;ka xk; Jh—".k jS vkxS m.kuS fd.k fo/k fy[kh] vkS lc b.kka i.k mYFkk jS lkxS fpf=r gq;k gSA b.kesa
eqaMkS fd;ka laokn djSA uhpS i.k xk; uS mnkgj.kka esa ns[;kS tk; ldS& vsd ^fcYoeaxy Lrou* gS tdkS egkjk.kk
ÅHkh crkoh gS tdh lxGk lkekftd gky ekyrh ek/ko॥2॥ x.ksl jks ekFkk jks vejflag nwtk jS jkt
¼1695&1700 bZ-½ esa mn;iqj
esa fpf=r gq;kSA lksukxs:
¼fgjfep½] tyjax vj lqo.kZ jh
Hkjr fy;ka vkS Lrou dkxt
ekFkS fpf=r dh/kkSA Lrou jk vS
fp= 26 xq.kk 20-3 vkdkj jk
gS vj ijnsl jS esVªksiksfyVu
E;wft;e vko vkVZ esa 2006]
239 uacj lkxS laxzfgr gSA vS
flafFk;k gktsu ikWyLdh vj
ysvksu ikWyLdh jS ekrgr iSyh
ckj tk.kck esa vk;kA
b.kesa vsd nhoka.k ekFkS jktk
cSBk Fkdk vkijh nhB lalkj
ekFkS Ugk[kS vj vBS jh
Hkkar&Hkkar jh yhyk uS tksoSA b.k
fprjkeka esa esokM+ jh fprjkae
uS ns[krk Fkdk fpark djrh ykxSA ¼lwjt tsM+kS jax½ uanhx.k i"kkot otkosA ijaijk eqtc yky jax jkS vkax.kkS nh[kSA
ekyrh ek/ko % egknso---uh djks eksj vk;ksA fr.kh Fkh eFkkjS bZ fp= jkS ojojkS fy[;kS FkdkS gS&
ekyrh ek/ko laL—r jkS ukae/kkjh ukVd egkukx MjI;ksA fr.kh lqaM jks foojA fcy 21॥ fcyoeaxyA JhØhlu :ik gkFkhA
¼çdj.k½ gSA lkroSa lbZdS esa gq;k HkoHkwfr tks is lok ykxksA rnh x.ksl phl dh/khA rhu tkbxs ca/kk.kksA ,d rks ma"kyk lqa
jh b.k jpuk esa nl vad gS vj lxGh b.k fprjkae esa Egyka jS vsd eaMi esa ca/kka.kkA tksxhLojka jk fpÙk lqa ca/kka.kkA
oLrq dfo jh dYiuk lwa tk;ksM+h gSA b.k esa jktkth fcjkft;k gSA jktlh Hks[k vj xksikaxuk jk dqp lqa ca/kka.kk॥
ekyrh vj ek/ko jS çse çlax uS ?k.kS lqanj BkB&ckVA lkEgha ckr lq.kf.k;kS&gqadkjk ÅijS crk;k E;wft;e esa bZ jkek;.k jk
<ax lwa fy[;ksM+kS gSA tkscu jkS gBhykS çse nsorkS nh[kS vj ikNS paoj/kkjh paoj gyk; fprjkae bZ Vh- jksukYM cuZj 1974 esa HksaV
b.k esa ?k.kk jlHkfj;k vankt esa fpf=r fj;kS gSA Mkoka cktw esa "kM+kuu ¼dkfrZds;½ dh/kkA vS fprjkae 1680&90 bZ- esa
dh/kkS gSA vk[kS çdj.k esa çse jh ?k.kht vj x.kslth ÅHkk gSA eksj lki uS ns[k
vad& 2015 62
61
58
esokM+ esa c.;kaA L;kgh] fgjfep vj dh/kh ykxSA lrjgoSa ikuS ekFkS b.k Lrks= jh efgek
tGjaxka jkS b.kka esa ç;ksx dh/kkS fx;kS gSA xtsaæeks{k jh dFkk fo".kq/keksZÙkjiqjk.k] fy[kh gS&
b.kka esa bZ jkek;.k jS 'yksdka jkS mYFkkS djuS okeuiqjk.k vj Hkkxoriqjk.k esa vkoSA xtsaæeks{k.k॥17॥ ;ks Lrks= Hk.ksA
fy[;k gSA oudkaM jS 111oSa ikuSa ekFkS jkae esokM+ esa xtsaæeks{k jk fp= nks; :ika esa lkaHkysA oSdaB ikaesA es#ijcrkfndA
vj fyNe.k uS lhrk jh [kkst djrk çlax feyS& Hkkxor jS fp=kadu jS lkxS vj czãyksdA lhoyksdA rh.kka js oh"ks lxys
esa fy[;kS gS& lqrarj xtsaæeks{k Lrks= jS :i esaA Hkkxor iqtkosA
oudkaM॥111॥ iNS jkaeA ijcr çrsa jk fp= vkBoSa Lda/k lwa iwuk jk HkaMkjdj b.k rjS lwa jktLFkkuh esa mYFkk jh ijaijk
cksY;kA lhrk gs crkoA ds Fkkjk fl"kj jh vkWfj;aVy bfLVVîwV esa laxzfgr gS tndS esokM+ jk tawuk fprjkae crkoSA nsoHkklk uS
lksHkk ckyqaxksA ia"khA :ika lqa iqNrk gqvkA xtsaæeks{k Lrks= jk 17 fprjkae mn;iqj jS ljy ek;M+ Hkklk esa mYFkk jS lkxS&lkxS
inkjS BkSj VkiA iqjkrRo foHkkx jS n¶rj esa gSA jktLFkku esa fprjkae jh NVk fd.kh folS&oLrq uS ljy
jkepfjr ekuldkj xks L okeh b.k Lrks= uS xtsaæeks{k.k jS ukao lwa tk.;kS rkS c.kkoS bZ gS] fol; uS le>.k esa lS;ksx
rqylhnklth jS pfj= jk fprjkae bZ L;kr~ fx;kSA ek/kksnkl n/kokfM+;k xteks[k ukao i.k djS gSA esokM+ dye jk fprjkae jh vk
esokM+ esa bZ c.;ka gSA b.k jkS vsd fprjkae lwa fy[;kSA esokM+h “kSyh esa ts lrjg eksVh [kkfl;r gS dS fprjkae c.kkrh cxr
ns[kck esa vk;kS gSA b.k esa esokM+ dye jh fprjkae feyS] m.kka esa Hkkxor jk 'yksdka ts ckrka fprsjk vkRelkr djh] m.kk uS
lxGh [kkfl;rka ns[kck esa vkoSA b.kesa jkS iwjkS Hkko xzg.k djuS vsd&vsd ikuS fp= vj m.k ekFkS vksfG;ka fy[k&fy[kuS
rqylhnkl jS pfj= jkS ojojkS m.k dkG jh ekFkS fy[;kS fx;kS gSA lxGS ns[kck&ckapck okGk jS lk:
jktLFkkuh esa gS tndS rqylhnkl jkS dfoÙk iSyS ikuS ekFkS ou[kaM jkS njlko vj latho.kh T;wa ns;uS pks[kkS dkae dfj;kSA b.k
vof/k esa T;wa jkS R;wa fy[;kS fx;kS gSA fjfl;ka uS dFkk djrk fn[kk;k gSA lwa bZ Hkklk ys[ku vj fyfi jkS cks/k bZ gqoSA
b.k fNc esa jkt jh NVk ns[kh tk; ldSA fy[;kS gS& vBS nsoukxjh esa fy[;kS tkorkSA vsd&
Nan jS eqtc Hkxr çºykn jkS pfj= xtsaæeks{k.k॥1॥ lqdnsoA jktk ijh{kr vsd vk[kj ekFkS fljksjs[kk rkS ç;ksx fd;kS
fn[kk;kS fx;kS gS vj ikrlkg vj lqa dgs gsA ,sd f=dqVkpy ijcr jh dFkkA tkorkS gkS] eksM+hfyfi jh ekurkoka ekFkS
rqylhnkl uS uko esa fcjkft;ksM+k fn[kk;k lxyk O;klknhd jh"khLojka gsA ç.kkae djs ikNS fopkj dj.k jh xqatkbl nh[kSA
fx;k gS tdk rqylhnkl lwa laokn djSA dghA rBs vusd cz{kA vusd nsoA xa/kjoA mPpkj.k jh nhB lwa fganh jk vkt jk
[kaHk lwa ca/;k çºykn ij —ika.k okj djrS viNjkA vusd ous jk flagkfndA rh.k fu;eka jh ctk; b.k fyfi esa NksVh&eksVh
fgj.;df'kiq] tcjkS dky jkS xky] çºykn tqxr gsA T;ks ijcr leqæ Hksns uhdY;ks gsA ek=koka ekFkS cslh /;kau dksuha fn;kS
lwa cw>rk>] [kaHkQkM+ ujflag vorkj] gfj nwtkS fprjkae b.k vksG~;ka uS fy;ka gS& tkorkSA gka] tksM+yk vk[kj ¼la;qäk{kj½ jh
dFkk vj vusd :ika esa Hkxrh jk njlko xtsaæeks{k.k॥2॥ th.kh ijcr fo"ksA ?kM+r fyfidkj jh vkijh&vki jh bZ ns[kck
bZ b.k fp= esa vsd lkxS njlk;k gSA b.k jS vusd lkyA rkyA rekyA dnyhA vkezA esa vkoS] i.k m.k jkS fu;e lxGka uS ekU;
Åij fy[;kS gS& "kjtqjkfnds lksHks gsA "kk[kkezx gsA vusd gqorkSA b.kesa bZ lksGgoSa lbZdS esa ek=koka
JhjkethA ikrlkgth usa Hkxr thosd jsA T;ks ou lksHks gsA rh.kh ijcr jk vk[kj jS vkxS ikM+h tkorh ghA
rqylhnklth uko esa csBka Fkdk iqPNîksA lks rhu lzax gsA ,sd lqoj.k jksA rh.kh gs fp=dyk jh nhB lwa b.k “kSyh jk
fganqvka jS iFkj gsa D;ksa iwts gsA ft.kh mijs lqjtkfnd lsos gsA nqtks lh"kj :ik jks gsA fprjkae esa pVd jax ?k.kkS vksirkS ykxSA
rqylhnklth dfoÙk dáks gsA dkf< rBs paæ gsA rhtks lzax inejkx ljh"kks gsA lqjk tSM+kS yky jax] dslfj;kS] ihGkS vj
djikau djikafu xgh firq dky djky tBs vusd flagkfnd gsA pdksjA e;qj ?k.kk yhykS jax cÙkkS feySA fprsjk jh vkijh
fcyksd u HkkxsA jkae dgka lc Bke gs gka] gsA rh.kh ljksoj eka gsA lksukjkd esy gsA futwa jax c.kkck vj ?kksGck jh tqxr jS;h
lqfu gka dfr gh ujdsgfj tkxs॥ cSjh gal gsA gS ft.kesa fi;ksM+h vj flanwj c.kk.kkS ;kn
fcnkj Hk;s fdjeky dgs isgyknfg dsa rhtS vj pkSFkS ikuS ekFkS fy[;kS gS& jk[k.k tksx gSA yhy vj egkoj tSM+k jax
vuqjkxsA çhr çrhr c<+h rqjlh rcrsa lc xtsaæeks{k.k॥3॥ th.kh ijcr gsA Hkyk :a[kM+k lwa fy;k rkS xs#vkbZ] fgjkSath vj
ikagu iwtu ykxs॥ gs ts lsos gsA ukLrhd u ikaesa gsA rh.kh jkejt tSM+k jax [kkuka lwa gkFkS vk;kA
rqylhnkl jfp;ksM+h ^dforkoyh* esa vkS ijcr fo"ks ,sd ou gsA R;ks ou lks tkstu fprjkeka esa yky vj ihGkS jax cslh feySA
dfoÙk Nan FkksM+sd ikBkarj jS lkxS feyS& eksVks gsA nl tkstu pksMks gsA rh.kh ou esa vk—fr;ka jk eqaMk esa lqjk tSM+h yyrkbZ jax
dkf<+ —iku] —ik u dgwa] firq dky djky vusd xtka jk tqFk gsA dj.kh dyHk djs HkjîkS tkorkSA b.k Hkkar esokM+ dye esa
fcyksfd u HkkxsA jke dgka\ lc BkÅa gSa] lksHkhr gsA jaxka jh c.kxV] vk—fr;ka jh rGNV vj
[kaHk esa\ gka] lqfu gkad u`dsgfj tkxs॥ cSfj xtsaæeks{k.k॥4॥ rBs ,sd ryko gsA nks dqnjr xgjhxV lko&lko futjS vkoSA
fcnkfj Hk, fcdjky] dgsa çgyknfga ds ls tkstu maMks gsA r.kh ljksoj esa ,sd gn vk “kSyh vkijS Hkklk&mYFkk jS ç;ksx jh
vuqjkxsA çhfr çrhfr cM+h rqylh] rcrsa gsA rBs ,sd xzkg jgs gsA T;ks xzkg gkF;ka Fkh nhB lwa lS lwa U;kjh vj ywaBh gSA
lc ikgu iwtu ykxs॥ ¼dforkoyh] mÙkj- cyh gsA rh.kh ljksoj fo"ksA ,sd xt
128½ b.k rjS lwa fprjkae esa pfj= fp=.k enksuera FkdksA gFk.;ka lgsrksA mBs vk;ksA
jkS ifjpS ek;M+ Hkklk esa feyS] i.k dfo jh tka.ks pkyrks ijcr blksA ty ihok vk;ksA
ckr m.k jh vkijh Hkklk lwa bZ xzg.k th.kh jk enxa/k Fkh ou jk tarq UgkBkA
vad& 2015 62
61
58

PDF Alochana Shodh Patrika 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PDF Alochana Shodh Patrika 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PDF Alochana Shodh Patrika 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ISSN : 2394-2673 cjl % 1 vad % 2

izca/k laiknd jktLFkkuh dFkkdkj

Lokeh izdk'kd] eqnzd iz;kl laLFkku] iz;kl

NI;k fopkj ys[kdka jk futw U;k; [ksrj pw:

vad& 2015 2 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

lcn jkS cjrko vk ckr lkEgha Y;koS dS tkx etwj fdlku js

lalkj jS dFkktxr eka; dksbZ vsd dgk.kh jh lhaoka c/kh gSA

vad& 2015 16 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 18 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 21 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 22 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 23 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 24 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 25 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 32 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

dgk.khdkj cqf>;ksM+S cxr uS ikNkS dj.kh Bhd jS;lhA ^xkHkkpksj* fljSukao jh

vad& 2015 33 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 42 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 44 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 48 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 54 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 61 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

vad& 2015 64 vkykspuk 'kks/k if=dk

You might also like