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    Chapter 2: Classifying Speech Sounds

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    Dung Thùy
    This document contains a chapter summary on classifying speech sounds from phonetics. It discusses the differences between vowels and consonants in terms of articulation. Vowels are more sonorous while consonants involve a closure in the vocal tract. It also compares pure vowels to diphthongs, where pure vowels remain constant while diphthongs involve a glide between vowels. Various classification criteria for consonants, vowels and diphthongs are provided along with examples and exercises to transcribe words phonetically.

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    Chapter 2: Classifying Speech Sounds

    Uploaded by

    Dung Thùy
    310 views5 pages
    This document contains a chapter summary on classifying speech sounds from phonetics. It discusses the differences between vowels and consonants in terms of articulation. Vowels are more sonorous while consonants involve a closure in the vocal tract. It also compares pure vowels to diphthongs, where pure vowels remain constant while diphthongs involve a glide between vowels. Various classification criteria for consonants, vowels and diphthongs are provided along with examples and exercises to transcribe words phonetically.

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    phonology

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    Am_vi_hoc_tieng_anh

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    This document contains a chapter summary on classifying speech sounds from phonetics. It discusses the differences between vowels and consonants in terms of articulation. Vowels are more sonorous while consonants involve a closure in the vocal tract. It also compares pure vowels to diphthongs, where pure vowels remain constant while diphthongs involve a glide between vowels. Various classification criteria for consonants, vowels and diphthongs are provided along with examples and exercises to transcribe words phonetically.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    310 views5 pages

    Chapter 2: Classifying Speech Sounds

    Uploaded by

    Dung Thùy
    This document contains a chapter summary on classifying speech sounds from phonetics. It discusses the differences between vowels and consonants in terms of articulation. Vowels are more sonorous while consonants involve a closure in the vocal tract. It also compares pure vowels to diphthongs, where pure vowels remain constant while diphthongs involve a glide between vowels. Various classification criteria for consonants, vowels and diphthongs are provided along with examples and exercises to transcribe words phonetically.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    – Lecture 6,7 Thursday afternoon

    Group 4:

    ̣
    Nguyễn Thi Thanh Nhi ̣

    Nguyễn Thảo Vy

    ̣ ̀ y Dung
    Phan Thi Thu

    Châu Thi ̣Ngo ̣c Phươ ̣ng

    CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFYING SPEECH SOUNDS

    1. How are the vowels different from the consonants in terms of articulation?
    As a result of the difference in articulation, consonants and vowels differ in the way they sound.
    Vowels are more sonorous than consonants. That is, we perceive them as louder and longer
    lasting than cononants.

    2. What are the principle differences between the vowels and the consonants?

    Vowels Consonants

     Are produced with relatively  Are produced with a narrow or


    little obstruction in the vocal complete closure in the vocal
    tract tract

     Are more sonorous  Are less sonorous

     Are syllabic  Are generally not syllabic

    3. How are pure vowels different from diphthongs?


    - Pure vowels remain contant and don’t glide from one vowels to another.
    - Diphthongs consist of a movement or glide from one vowels to another.

    4. What is a consonant?
    It is a sound in which there is an obstruction to the flow of air through the vocal tract.

    5. On what criteria are consonants classified?


    There are 3 classified:
    - Voicing
    - Place of articulation
    - Manner of articulation

    6. What is a pure vowel?


    A pure vowels is a vowels that is pronounced without an glide, monophthong.
    7. On what criteria are pure vowels classified?
    Pure vowels have traditionally been classified according to three questions:
    - How high is tongue?
    - What part of the tongue is involved, that is what part is raised or lowered?
    - How long or short is the vowels?

    8. What is a diphthong?
    A dipthong is a vowel that is pronounced with a glide from one vowel to another.

    9. How are diphthongs classified?

    10. Draw the summary tables/ charts of the English consonants, vowels, and diphthongs.
    11.

    a. Give the phonetic symbol for the first sounds in the following words.

    b. Give the articulatory description for each of these first sounds.

    Example: bomb /b/ voiced bilabial stop

    a. city /s/ voiceless alveolar


    b. cake /k/ voiceless velar
    c. thick /ᶿ/ voiceless dental
    d. choice /ʧ/ voiceless palato- alveolar
    e. physics /f/ voiceless labio- dental
    f. shoot /ʃ/ voiceless palato- alveolar
    g. Thames /ᶿ/ voiceless alveolar
    h. knee /n/ voiced alveolar
    i. pneumonia /n/ voiced alveolar
    j. zone /z/ voiced alveolar
    k. usually /j/ voiced palatal
    l. jug /ʤ/ voiced palotal- alveolar
    m. quick /k/ voiceless velar
    n. what /w/ voiced bilabial
    o. English /I/ voiced

    12.
    a. Give the phonetic symbol for the vowel sound in the following words.
    b. Give the articulatory desciption for each of the these sounds.

    Example: meat /i:/ close front long unrounded vowel

    a. head /e/
    b. fun /˄/
    c. ham /æ/
    d. strange /ei/
    e. thing /I/
    f. I /ai/
    g. May /ei/
    h. Dawn / ᴐ:/
    i. hill /I/
    j. took /u/
    k. late /ei/
    l. Don /
    m. toy /ᴐ:/
    n. food /u:/
    o. stop /D/
    p. meat i:/
    q. boat /әƱ/
    r. ice /ai/
    13. Write the English words represented in the phonetic transcriptions below.

    Example: /kraƱd/ crowd

    a. /kæt/ cat
    b. /’wɜ:ði/ worthy
    c. /kru:z/ cruise
    d. /’fiᵑgᵊr/ finger
    e. /bæk/ back
    f. /beg/ beg
    g. /maIn/ mine
    h. /plaƱ/ plough
    i. /pleI/ play
    j. /’pɜ:pl/ purple
    k. /ʃƱd/ should
    l. /ʤ˄ʤ/ judge

    14. Write the following words in phonetic transcription.

    Example: lunge /l˄nʤ/

    a. church /ʧɜ:ʧ/
    b. compass /k˄mpәs/
    c. campus /kæmpәs/
    d. thrive /ᶿraiv/
    e. yelled /jel/
    f. caught /kᴐ:t/
    g. huge/hju:ʤ/
    h. stop /stDp/
    i. awful /ᴐ:fl/
    j. pew / pju:/
    k. feud /fju:d/
    l. possess /pә’zes/

    15. Describe the consonants/ vowels of the following words.

    Example:

    Word Consonant Voicing Place of Manner of


    articulation articulation

    /p/ Voiceless Bilabial Stop

    Pleasure /l/ Voiced Alveolar Lateral

    /Ʒ/ Voiced Palato- alveolar Fricative


    Word Consonant Voicing Place of Manner of
    articulation articulation

    /l/ Voiced Alveolar Lateral

    /ᵑ/ Voiced Velar Nasal

    Linguistics /g/ Voiced Velar Plosive

    /w/ Voiced Bilabial Approximant

    /s/ Voiceless Alveolar Fricative

    /t/ Voiceless Alveolar Plosive

    /k/ Voiceless Velar Plosive

    Word Vowel Tongue part Tongue Lip shape Length


    height

    /ә / Front Open- mid Rounded Short


    Phonetics
    /e/ Front Close- mid Unrounded Short

    /i/ Front Close Unrounded Short

    16. Give the phonetic transciption that correcsponds to each of the following articulatory
    description:
    a. Voiceless velar stop: /k/
    b. Voiced labiodental fricative: /v/
    c. Voiced palato- alveolar affricative: /ʤ/
    d. Voiced palatal approximant: /j/
    e. Voiced velar nasal: /ᵑ/
    f. Voiceless dental fricative: /ᶿ/
    g. Close back rounded short vowel: /Ʊ/
    h. Open front unrounded short vowel: /æ/

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