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    Reynolds Experiment

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    Shary Mosquera
    The document describes an experiment to determine the range of Reynolds numbers over which the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs in a pipe. The experiment involves injecting dye into a pipe and observing the flow patterns as the flow rate is increased. Flow is classified as laminar, transitional, or turbulent based on how the dye streaks are disturbed. Velocity and Reynolds number are calculated for different flow conditions to identify the critical Reynolds number range where transition occurs.

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    Reynolds Experiment

    Uploaded by

    Shary Mosquera
    132 views3 pages
    The document describes an experiment to determine the range of Reynolds numbers over which the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs in a pipe. The experiment involves injecting dye into a pipe and observing the flow patterns as the flow rate is increased. Flow is classified as laminar, transitional, or turbulent based on how the dye streaks are disturbed. Velocity and Reynolds number are calculated for different flow conditions to identify the critical Reynolds number range where transition occurs.

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    The document describes an experiment to determine the range of Reynolds numbers over which the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs in a pipe. The experiment involves injecting dye into a pipe and observing the flow patterns as the flow rate is increased. Flow is classified as laminar, transitional, or turbulent based on how the dye streaks are disturbed. Velocity and Reynolds number are calculated for different flow conditions to identify the critical Reynolds number range where transition occurs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    132 views3 pages

    Reynolds Experiment

    Uploaded by

    Shary Mosquera
    The document describes an experiment to determine the range of Reynolds numbers over which the transition from laminar to turbulent flow occurs in a pipe. The experiment involves injecting dye into a pipe and observing the flow patterns as the flow rate is increased. Flow is classified as laminar, transitional, or turbulent based on how the dye streaks are disturbed. Velocity and Reynolds number are calculated for different flow conditions to identify the critical Reynolds number range where transition occurs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    REYNOLDS EXPERIMENT

    Objetives:
    a) Identify the different types of hydraulic regime in pipes.
    b) Reproduce the Reynolds experiment.
    c) Classify of the flow according to the Reynolds number.

    Introduction
    The Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless ratio of inertia forces to viscous forces and is
    used in determining the type of flow occurring: laminar or turbulent.

    In most engineering text books, a Reynolds number of 2300 is usually accepted as the value
    at transition; that is, the value of the Reynolds number between laminar and turbulent flow
    regimes. The Reynolds number that exists anywhere in the transition region is called the
    critical Reynolds number.

    The objective of this experiment is to determine the range of Reynolds numbers by Reynolds
    apparatus (Figure 1) over which transition occurs. Given the tube size (12 mm), the Reynolds
    number can be calculated as:

    Re V D h
    
    where,
    Re = Reynolds number
    V = velocity of fluid (m/s)
    Dh = hydraulic diameter (m)

     (mu) = dynamic viscosity of fluid (N.s/m2)


    ν (nu) = kinematic viscosity of fluid (m2/s)
    ρ (rho) = density (kg/m3)

    The hydraulic diameter (different than hydraulic radius) is calculated as:

    4*Area 4*A
    Dh  
    Wetted Perimeter Pw
    Figure 1. Reynold number (Re) Apparatus

    Experimental Procedure:
    1. Turn on the water, and partially open the discharge valve at the base of the apparatus.
    2. Open and adjust the dye injector valve to obtain a fine filament of dye in the flow
    down the glass tube. If the dye is dispersed in the tube reduced to water flow rate by
    closing the discharge valve and adjusting the supply as necessary to maintain the
    constant head. A laminar flow condition should be achieved in which the filament of
    dye passes down the complete length of the tube without disturbance (Figure 2).
    3. Record the temperature of the water using the thermometer, find the corresponding
    kinematic viscosity from a table.
    4. Then measure the flow rate by timing the collection of a known quantity (volume) of
    water from discharge pipe. This will help you to determine the velocity of the water in
    the pipe.
    5. Slowly increase the flow rate by opening the discharge valve until disturbances of the
    dye filament are noted (Figure 2). This can be regarded as the starting point of
    transition to turbulent flow. Increase the discharge as required to maintain constant
    head conditions. Do not miss to sketch the dye condition and measure the flow rate for
    each of your trials.
    6. If necessary, increase the flow rate as described above until the disturbances increase
    such that the dye filament becomes rapidly diffused. Small eddies will be noted just
    above the point where the dye filament completely breaks down. This can be regarded
    as the onset of fully turbulent flow (Figure 2).
    7. Now you should close the dye injector valve in order to finalize your experiment.
    Figure 2. Dye sketchs (Laminar through Turbulent)

    REYNOLDS EXPERIMENT
    Experiment Data Sheet

    Temperature of water = _______ oC


    Kinematic viscosity of water = _________ m2/s
    Visual Dye Classification
    Time for Flowrate Velocity
    Condition Condition Re of Flow by
    (Sketch) 300mL (s) (m3/s) (m/s) Re
    Laminar
    Laminar
    Transition
    Transition
    Turbulent
    Turbulent

    Questions:
    1. Why do we use Reynolds number?
    2. Compare the results obtained through calculations and observations. State whether
    or not the results are reasonable. If not, explain the reasons?
    3. Is the Reynolds number obtained dependent on tube size or shape?
    4. Draw a fully developed laminar and turbulent velocity profile (pipe flow).
    Explain why they are different.
    5. How is Reynolds number designed for:
    a) Flow in a circular pipe of diameter, D?
    b) Flow in a rectangular duct of cross section a x b?

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