Abstract Expressionists
Abstract Expressionists
Abstract Expressionists
văn
hóa đại chúng và của các ngôi sao truyền thông, phong trào Pop Art hướng tới mục
tiêu làm mờ đi ranh giới giữa nghệ thuật “cao” và văn hóa “thấp”. Quan niệm rằng
không có hệ thống phân cấp về văn hóa và nghệ thuật có thể mượn từ bất kỳ nguồn
nào - một trong những đặc điểm có ảnh hưởng nhất của Pop Art.
It could be argued that the Abstract Expressionists searched for trauma in the soul,
while Pop artists searched for traces of the same trauma in the mediated world of
advertising, cartoons, and popular imagery at large. But it is perhaps more precise
to say that Pop artists were the first to recognize that there is no unmediated access
to anything, be it the soul, the natural world, or the built environment. Pop artists
believed everything is inter-connected, and therefore sought to make those
connections literal in their artwork.
Although Pop art encompasses a wide variety of work with very different attitudes
and postures, much of it is somewhat emotionally removed. In contrast to the "hot"
expression of the gestural abstraction that preceded it, Pop art is generally "coolly"
ambivalent. Whether this suggests an acceptance of the popular world or a shocked
withdrawal, has been the subject of much debate.
Pop artists seemingly embraced the post-World War II manufacturing and media
boom. Some critics have cited the Pop art choice of imagery as an enthusiastic
endorsement of the capitalist market and the goods it circulated, while others have
noted an element of cultural critique in the Pop artists' elevation of the everyday to
high art: tying the commodity status of the goods represented to the status of the art
object itself, emphasizing art's place as, at base, a commodity.
The majority of Pop artists began their careers in commercial art: Andy Warhol
was a highly successful magazine illustrator and graphic designer; Ed Ruscha was
also a graphic designer, and James Rosenquist started his career as a billboard
painter. Their background in the commercial art world trained them in the visual
vocabulary of mass culture as well as the techniques to seamlessly merge the
realms of high art and popular culture.