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CHALCOLITHIC AGE BRONZE AGE 3100BC – 1200BC

SUMERIAN--------------------------------------------------------- AKKADIAN
4000BC 3500BC 3000BC 2500BC

-Agriculture improved by -Sumerians develop -Nations of Mesopotamia -Egyptians invent

irrigation writing system and Egypt have a sophisticated papyrus
-Evidence of first -Wheel invented written language
civilizations -Ttwo kingdoms of Adam dies at the age of 930 (Gen. 5:5) Methuselah dies at 969.
Upper and Lower -Seth, son of Adam , He talked to Adam
Egypt united dies 912 243 years
-organized religion -Methuselah -Noah is born -Shem 11th gen.
in all major civilizations born c3254? 10th generation lives 600yrs
of Mesopotamia & of patriarchs
Egypt (Gen 5:28-30)
-Basket making and pottery
-Crete=Minoan
civilization ------? -FLOOD-- ?
-people first settle -2670 first pyramid
on the site of Athens built =Step pyramid
-2570 the Great
Pyramid built at
Gizeh (Giza)
-the Ark
(Bible Books cover history in these periods) Genesis Ch 7-8
Scholars disagree on dates in these earliest periods 1yr & 11 days

------------------------------------------------------------------------Genesis-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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BRONZE AGE
EGYPTIAN EMPIRE-------------------------------------------------------------------
2000 1500 1350
-Heber great grandson -Esau &Jacob(Israel) -Ahmoses expels
of Shem lived 464 yrs. (Gen. 25) Jacob has 12 sons Hyksos from Egypt
-Tower of Babel -Joseph
God scatters the people (Gen.30-47) -Pharaoh Thutmoses I
and confuses their tongues -Hyksos conquer Egypt followed by II, III & IV
-Abram later called -Children of Israel -Tutankhamen
Abraham is born go to Egypt -Israel enslaved?
7th great grandson of -Moses born
th
Shem. 4 great grandson
of Heber
-Noah dies
-Abraham pays tithe to
Melchizedek (Shem), King of Salem
-Isaac is born
to Abraham (Gen. 21)
-Code of Hammurabi
-Shem dies 600 yrs. old
-Heber dies at 464 yrs. Note: Scholars disagree on dates
-Sargon I King of Akkad g.g.grandson of Noah
Hebrew people named for him

-Genesis---------(the age of the Patriarchs)------------------(Sojourn in Egypt?)----------------------------------------------?Exodus----------

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IRON AGE 1200 – 586BC

EGYPTIAN EMPIRE--------------------------------------------------------------------
1200 1000 900
-Troy---------Age of Judges -King David -King Solomon (David’s son)
-at age 40 Moses -Deborah conquers Jerusalem builds the Temple in Jerusalem c 960
flees Egypt -Gideon He brings the Ark to -after Solomon’s death the
-at 80 Moses returns -Samson Jerusalem nation of Israel splits into
and leads the Children -birth of Ruth 2 kingdoms*
of Israel out of Egypt -Samuel (prophet) c. 931 BC, the nations of Israel in
-Sinai Covenant -Saul, the north and Judah (Ye'huda)
-Phinehas (Covenant of priesthood) 1st King of in the south. Ye'huda means
-40 yrs. later Joshua Israel "Yahweh's people". Davidic kings
leads the Children of Israel into continue to rule Judah
the Promised Land *Jerusalem is the capital of the Southern Kingdom
Samaria is the capital of the Northern Kingdom
of Israel

Deuteronomy 18:18 (and Yahweh said) “I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their
kinsmen; and I will put my words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him."

(Bible books cover history in these periods) 1 Kings----------------------------------------------------------------

----------Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy---Judges---1 & 2 Samuel----1 & 2 Chronicles-------------------------------
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ASSYRIANS BABYLONIANS--------------------
Defeated 612 by Babylon
PERSIANS-------------
700BC 550BC
-865 Prophet Elijah -Judah’s kings become wicked and
-850 Elisha the people fall away from God
-Sargon II king of Assyria -Prophet Jeremiah
-722BC Assyrians conquer -587(6) BC First Temple destroyed
and destroy Israel. The when the Babylonians conquer
10 northern tribes are Jerusalem
removed..Assyrians bring All the people of Judah
other conquered people into are taken away into slavery
the land and create the Beginning of the Diaspora
state of Samaria -Prophet Jeremiah hides the
-With God’s intervention Ark of the Covenant
Judah survives the -545 Isaiah
invasion -Daniel
-Olympic games begun in Greece -Cyrus of Persia (539BC)
776BC conquers Babylon, allows
-Rome is founded 756BC Jews to return to Judah
-515 (516)BC Second Temple is
completed in Jerusalem
=Second Temple Period

---- 1 Kings---Jonah----Tobit----Isaiah---2 Kings---Jeremiah---Lamentations-Ezekiel-Daniel-----------Ezra--------------------------

1 Chronicles---------------------------------2 Chronicles Esther
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PERSIAN EMPIRE------------------------HELLENISTIC PERIOD-------

SELEUCID EMPIRE
400BC 300BC
-444BC Ezra sets the -375BC Aramaic begins -332 Alexander the Great
Old Testament Canon to replace Hebrew language conquers Palestine
-Queen Esther saves -323BC Alexander dies
her people at Babylon. His generals fight for his empire
-311 Seleucids (Greek Syria) controls Judah.
Palestine will pass back and forth between
Syria and Egypt in a series of wars
-250 The Septuagint
the Old Testament is translated into Greek
This will be the version of the Old
Testament quoted by Jesus and will
become the official translation of the
Catholic Church
-167 Revolt
against Syria
called the Revolt of the Maccabees
Judah will become independent again

---Ezra--Nehemiah--Zechariah----Haggai---Zechariah----------------------------------------------------------------------------1&2----------
Malachi Maccabees
Note: only historic books are listed
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HASMONEAN PERIOD-----------------------ROMAN CONQUEST------

(Judah is independent again) last years of the Roman Republic---Roman Empire
100BC 1BC

-164BC December: the -Julius Caesar is born -47BC Caesar conquers Palestine
Jews recover the Temple, -68 Rome extends -44 Julius Caesar is murdered
cleanse and rededicate it. influence in Palestine-Syria -37BC Romans make
This will become the Herod, King of Judea
Celebration of
Hanukkah -31BC Octavian
-Hasmon family (known as Maccabees) assume authority (Caesar’s nephew) defeats Anthony and
as High Priests & later also Kings of Israel. A faction of Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium
devout Jews sets up a religious community at Qumran in -Octavian is
opposition to the illegal Jerusalem priesthood. proclaimed Roman Emperor
and becomes Augustus Caesar

Greek becomes the international language JESUS IS BORN

Aramaic is the common language of the Holy Land *
Hebrew is the religious language

**Jeremiah 31:14 “Behold, the days are coming, says Yahweh, when I will fulfill the promise
I made to the house of Israel and the house of Judah. In those days and at that time I will cause
a righteous Branch to spring forth for David; and he shall execute justice and righteousness in the land.”

M. Hunt Oct. 1998

NEW TESTAMENT Time Line Menu

ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
(AD = anno domini, Latin =“in the year of our Lord”)-----------------------
3/2BC 1AD 10 14 20

Judea is a Roman Province = Herodian period

-John the Baptist born -Annas is appointed The community at Qumran considers the
High Priest by the Roman appointed High Priests as “priests of
-Jesus is born in Bethlehem Romans wickedness”
*Isaiah 7:14 (Mt. 1:18f & Lk1:26f)
*Micah 2 (Mt.2:1;John 7:42;Luke 2:4-7)
-Visit of Wise Men *Psalms 72:10 (Mt.2:1,1) -Augustus Caesar dies -Saul comes
-Holy Family goes -Tiberius Emperor to Jerusalem
to Egypt of the Romans to study
-Herod the Great dies -Caiaphas is
-Holy Family returns appointed High
and settles in Nazareth Priest by the
Hosea 11:1 “Out of Egypt I have Roman governor
called my son.” of Judea

The Romans rule the known world and enforce “Pax Romana” = Roman peace.
Provinces like Judah (now called Judea by the Romans) are bled dry by being forced to pay taxes to
the Romans and to provide the best of their crops and slaves for Rome. God’s people are praying
for the “anointed” one, the Messiah, to come and save them from the Romans. They are looking for
a “Samson” or a “David.” They refuse to worship the Roman, pagan gods.
*There is no year 0. The concept of 0-place value was not introduced until the Middle Ages.
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ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
28

-John the Baptist *Isaiah 40:3 -Jesus calls 4 fishermen -Jesus chooses the
baptizes Jesus in the Jordan River. To become his Apostles: rest of the disciples
The Holy Spirit descends Simon, Andrew, James,
*Isaiah 11:2; 42:1; 61:1,2 and John -The Sermon on
Psalms 45:7 (Mt. 3:16,17 the Mount
Mt.12:17-21; Mk 1:10-11, etc)
-Satan tempts Jesus -Jesus begins his first
-Jesus spends 40 days in the Wilderness preaching trip through
-Jesus performs his first miracle at the Galilee *Isaiah 9:1
the wedding at Cana at Mary’s request
-Matthew decides to
follow Jesus

*denotes some of the Old Testament prophecies fulfilled in Jesus

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ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
28 Fall 29
-Jesus tells parables about the -John the Baptist
kingdom of God *Psalms 78:2 is murdered
(Mt.. 13:34)
-Jesus feeds the 5,000
-Jesus calms the storm -Jesus walks on water
-He proclaims
I AM (Yahweh)
the Bread of Life
-Jesus performs many miracles
& Isaiah 32:3,4 -Jesus feeds 4,000
-Simon says that Jesus
is the Son of God
Jesus changes his name
to Peter “rock ”. Jesus
says that Peter will build
the (Catholic) Church.
(Mt. 16:13-20; Mk8:27-30;
Lk 9:18-21 -Jesus tells his disciples
that He will die.
-Jesus is transfigured
-Jesus raises Lazarus
from the dead
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ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
30AD THE LAST WEEK (Spring)

-Jesus begins His last trip to Jerusalem SUNDAY:

-3rd prophecy of His death Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem (Palm Sunday)
He heals blind Bartimaeus *Zec. 9:9; Isa. 62:11
-He talks to Zacchaeus in Jericho MONDAY:
Jesus curses the fig tree and
judges the Temple:*Mal.3:1
-He visits Mary, Martha and TUESDAY:
Lazarus in Bethany on Saturday; Jesus teaches in the temple
6 days before the Passover WEDNESDAY: *Psalms 118:22; Is. 18:14;28:16
(John 12:1) Has dinner at Bethany with His Apostles
and friends; Mary anoints His feet.
The plot is made with Judas to betray Jesus
THURSDAY: FEAST OF THE PASSOVER
The Last Passover and the First Eucharist;
sundown =Nisan 15.
Jesus is arrested in the garden
FRIDAY: AM scourging & trial*Is. 50:6;
Micah 5:1; Psalms 22:7,8;
JESUS IS CRUCIFIED: *
all of Psalms 22; & 109:24, 25; &
69:4 & 21; 38:11; 22:18;
Zech 12:10; Is. 53:3 & 12; Is 49:7.
The last 7 words of Jesus:
**“It is finished” = last words of the Passover “My God, my God have you forsaken me?”Ps.22:1
meal after host drinks from the 4th cup “Into your hands I commit my spirit.”Ps. 31:5 **
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ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
30 AD Spring cont. 30 Winter

AFTER THE RESURRECTION -Peter and the Apostles choose

-Sunday: disciples discover the empty tomb Matthias to replace Judas
Jesus appears to 2 disciples going to Emmaus -The Catholic Church meets on Sunday,
Jesus appears to 10 disciples in Upper Room the first day of the week which they call
He breaths on them, giving them the Holy “the Lord’s Day”. They celebrate the
Spirit and all power and authority. Eucharist (thanksgiving) and call
themselves “The Way”
-One Week later: -Peter and John are arrested
Jesus appears to 11 disciples in Upper Room -the rest of the disciples are arrested
Jesus with some disciples on Sea of Galilee but a respected Jewish leader has
-Sometime later them released
Jesus Appears to 500 -the Church begins to grow but
-After 40 days on the earth Jesus instructs his disciples also begins to face persecution;
to return to Jerusalem and pray. Jesus ascends to the Father. both Priests and Pharisees
An angel tells disciples that Jesus will return to this very convert (Acts 6:7; 15:5)
spot on the Mount of Olives when he comes back again
as he has promised.
-Ten days later = The Feast of Pentecost (giving of the Law at Mt. Sinai)
120 disciples including Mary are praying in the Upper Room
God sends the Holy Spirit to his Catholic (universal) Church
In the “law” of the New Covenant God has written his Word
on our hearts. Peter preaches his first homily; 3000 saved!
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ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
THE HOLY CATHOLIC CHURCH
34AD 35 36 37

-Stephen is murdered -Philip converts Samaria -Caligula Emperor

-more and more Gentiles -Philip and his 4 of Rome
enter the Church daughters begin
a church in -name Christian
-Saul actively seeks out Caesarea -Church at Antioch, is being used by the
followers of Jesus Syria is founded Church at Antioch
for persecution. -Peter begins baptizing
gentiles. He is criticized -Caligula makes
by Jewish believers but Herod Agrippa
insists that Jesus came for King of Judea
all. The Church is catholic= (he is the grandson
universal! of Herod the Great)
-Saul is sent to Damascus to
pursue and persecute Christians. -Paul meets
Jesus appears to Saul. He is the Apostles
converted. And as Paul he will in Jerusalem
spread the Gospel to the gentiles
(non-Jews).He will preach in
Damascus for 3 years
**Herod Agrippa has Peter arrested and thrown into prison in AD 43 but an angel releases Peter and
Peter goes to Rome. He will make Rome the capital of the Catholic Church. Peter is our first Pope.
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ROMAN EMPIRE - AD
THE HOLY CATHOLIC CHURCH
49AD 60

-Apostle James Zebedee martyred

-James, kinsman of Jesus, The Church continues to grow despite persecution
is the Bishop of Jerusalem *The Gospels are written
-Peter calls the Council of Jerusalem -62?68 James, Bishop of Jerusalem
Apostle’s Creed written by Apostles is martyred; succeeded by Simenon
at this time (?) -64 Nero’s persecutions of
It is decided that it is not necessary for Christians; thousands die.
Gentile believers to convert to -Peter is crucified and
Judaism; nor is it necessary for Paul is beheaded ca. 67AD
Christians to live under the 613 & Linus succeeds Peter as
regulations of the old Jewish law. Pope = “Father of fathers”
Peter, John, and James (Bishop of
Jerusalem) are the leaders.
(ca.42AD the Apostle James Zebedee is the first martyred Apostle; beheaded by Herod Agrippa
Agrippa I. All the Apostles except John will suffer martyrdom).

• Many scholars believe that all of the Gospels and Paul’s letters were written by this time. There is
compelling evidence to support that the N.T was written before the destruction of the Temple in
Jerusalem (70AD). None of the books mention this world altering event. Even in the book of Revelation
John is instructed to go and measure the Temple in his vision. He does not protest that the Temple no
longer exists which suggests his vision must be before 70AD. Others scholars do not agree.
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ROMAN EMPIRE AD
HOLY CATHOLIC CHURCH
65AD 70

-Jewish Revolt against Rome -The Roman army conquers

66 AD -68 Nero commits suicide Jerusalem after a 6 month
-68AD ca. 1,000 scrolls siege. The Holy Temple is
including all the books of completely destroyed just as
the Old Testament (except Jesus prophesized. Roman
Esther) are hidden away in General Titus
caves near the Dead Sea (son of the Emperor)murders
close to a community at a million Jews and sends
a place we call Qumran thousands into slavery

-Christians realize this is the time

of destruction Jesus had told prophesized.
Simon, Bishop of Jerusalem leads the Christians across the
Jordan River to safety in Perea as prophesied in Old Testament
-69 General Vespasian becomes Roman Emperor
- 68?John is exiled to the island of Patmos by the Romans.
He writes the book of Revelation
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ROMAN EMPIRE FIRST PERSECUTES THEN ACCEPTS

THE HOLY CATHOLIC CHURCH
70AD 300
-The Catholic Church continues to grow in spite of terrible persecution.
-312 Roman Emperor Constantine becomes a Christian.
-313 Edict of Milan outlaws persecution of Christians.
-325 Nicene Creed is written.
-382AD Councils of Rome,
393 Hippo & 397 Carthage =
the Catholic Church sets
the official New Testament Canon!
Michal Hunt –Oct. 1998