DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC

SLIDING WINDOW

DESIGN AND FABRICATION PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

R RAMACHANDRAN (962816114034)

B SABARIKANTH (962816114037)

K SANKAR PRAVEEN (962816114041)

S UMA SHANKAR (962816114052)

DEPARTMANT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING NAGERCOIL

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

APRIL 2019
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this design and fabrication project report titled “DESIGN AND
FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC SLIDING WINDOW” is the bonafide
work of “R.RAMACHANDRAN, B.SABARIKANTH, K.SANKAR
PRAVEEN , S.UMA SHANKAR” who carried out the design and fabrication
project work under my supervision.

Dr. M. EDWIN, M.E.,Ph.D, Dr. S.SHEEJU SELVA ROJI, M.Tech., Ph.D,

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, SUPERVISOR,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering,

University College of Engineering, University College of Engineering,

Nagercoil-629004 Nagercoil-629004

Submitted for Viva-Voce held on ……………………

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our sincere thanks to the almighty lord

behind the successful completion of this project.

We express our gratitude and hearty thanks to our parents for their
constant encouragement and financial support lace throughout this project.

We would also like to express our thanks to Dr. T. SREE RENGA

RAJA, M.E.,Ph.D, Dean of UCEN & Dr. M. EDWIN, M.E.,Ph.D, Head of the
Department, Department Of Mechanical Engineering , for providing us with a
conductive atmosphere.

We also express our sincere thanks to our project coordinator

Dr.S.SURESH, M.E.,Ph.D, Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering for his guidance and support during the project work.

Also we acknowledge our sincere gratitude and thanks to our guide

Dr. S. SHEEJU SELVA ROJI, M.Tech., Ph.D., Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering for his inspiring guidance with creative
suggestions and complete support in completing this project successfully.

We thank to our friend B.HAJ JAMAL FAIZAL, third year student in

the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University College of
Engineering Nagercoil for his great support in completing this project
successfully.

Finally, we thank all our friends and classmates who directly or

indirectly contributed to our project work.

i
 ABSTRACT
This project is developed for the users to operate the function of
opening and closing of a window automatically. Windows are a daily thing we
can see and use to get some fresh air and balance temperature for buildings and
rooms. Traditional window will occupy more space and these models fail to work
properly when there are high winds. People are not able to open or close a window
when they are not near it. Our objective is to create a device to control the
windows of a residential house, apartment or office building. The device will help
to maintain a comfortable indoors environment by automatically closing and
opening the windows used by rack and pinion mechanism based on room
temperature and humidity. In order to reduce the man efforts, this project is
planned to create and fully automatic sliding window. The automatic sliding
window is one of the most useful things in our daily life as well as in mechanical
concern to open and closed the window automatically. The main objective of this
project to minimize or overcome the problems which are faced in traditionally
operated window. The automatic sliding window is having simplicity in design
and better control. The main aim of this study is the complete design of automatic
sliding window. The goal of our project is to provide the user a more convenient
and efficient way of life by eliminating the small task of opening and closing the
window. More and more devices nowadays are becoming automatic so we believe
that our device will definitely have its place in future markets.

LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT ii
LIST OF TABLES v

ii
LIST OF FIGURES v

1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Types of window 1
1.2 Difficulties faced in traditional window 1
1.3 Sliding window 2
1.3.1 Theory of automatic sliding window 2
1.3.2 Advantages of automatic sliding window 3
1.4 Rack and Pinion 3
1.4.1 Applications of Rack and Pinion 4
1.5 Motor 4
1.6 Work plan 6

2 LITERATURE SURVEY 7

3 CONSTRUCTION 10
3.1 Sliding window 10
3.1.1 Choose of aluminium frame 10

3.2 Rack and Pinion 11

3.3 Motor 12
3.4 Circuit 13

iii
4 WORKING PRINCIPLE 14
4.1 Opening the Window 14

4.2 Closing the Window 15

5 DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE APPLICATION 16

5.1 Line diagram for mobile application 17

6 DESIGN FOR AUTOMATIC SLIDING 18

WINDOW
6.1 Design procedure 18
6.2 Design calculation 18
6.2.1 Design for Gear 18
6.2.2 Design for Rack 22

7 FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC SLIDING 24

WINDOW
8 COST ESTIMATION 26
9 FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS 27
10 CONCLUSION 28 11 REFERENCES 29

iv
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 Cost 26

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1.1 Work plan 6
3.1 Sliding window 10
3.2 Rack and Pinion 12
3.3 Motor 12
3.4 Circuit 13
3.5 Arduino nano and Bluetooth module 13
5.1 Mobile application 16
5.2 Line diagram 17
7.1 Welding of rack and pinion 24
7.2 Assembly of automatic sliding window 25
7.2a Window close 25
7.2b Window open 25

v
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Windows are a daily thing we can see and use to get some fresh air, light
and balance temperature for buildings and rooms. Window is the main source
ventilation. Generally windows are used in every place like residential house,
apartment, office building, schools, colleges, industrial areas and many other
places. There are various types of window models which are still in use in all parts
the world. Many research and development units are working on new innovative
window designs. The major types which the customers usually prefer to use are,

1.1 Types of window

o Double-Hung Windows o
Casement Windows o
Awning Windows o
Picture Window o
Transom Window o Slider
Windows o Stationary
Windows o Bay or Bow
Windows

1.2 Difficulties faced in traditional window

Traditional window will occupy more space and these models fail to
work properly when there are high winds. During high winds there is a cent
percent chance for the lock failures. So this is not suitable for all occasions.
There may be chances for damaging the parts of the window during the sudden
close of the window. In order to reduce the man efforts and these kinds of
difficulties, this project is planned to create an automatic sliding window.

1
1.3 Sliding window

Nowadays sliding window has wide range of use. Its special feature is
that it has rollers which help to slide on defined rack; people have to worry about
when to close and open windows. To overcome all this above problem, here by
using the sliding window. In order to reduce the man efforts, the device which
will open and close the window automatically by rack and pinion mechanism.
The automatic sliding window is one of the most useful things in our daily life as
well as in mechanical concern to open and closed the window automatically. The
automatic sliding window is simplicity in design and better control. . It is more
convenient and efficient way of life by eliminating the small task of opening and
closing the window.

1.3.1 Theory of automatic sliding window

The theory of the automatic sliding window is very simple, this is operated
by an android device connected with Bluetooth using Bluetooth module which is
attached to the circuit of the smart window. When the open button is pressed; a
signal is send to the main circuitry board, which then allows the current to pass
through to the window motor causing the motor to run and the window open.
Once the window is fully open (depending on where the resistance beam is
located) the motor stops running causing the window to stop moving. And when
the close button is pressed the same thing happens but this time the motor run in
the opposite direction, therefore causing the window close.

1.3.2 Advantages of automatic sliding window

o Space occupied by a traditional window is eliminated with the use of the

automatic sliding window.

2
 o The automatic sliding window is simplicity in design and better control. o
Time is save during the action of open and close of the automatic sliding
widow.
o Huge number of window can be operated at the same time.
o A person should not have to be near the window to open or close it, in case
of the smart window because it uses the Bluetooth technology. o When
Traditional window are open they are parallel to wind flow and slight
distributions in the angle will cause the window to close. Where in sliding
window is perpendicular to the wind flow which reduces the chance of
automatic lock failure.

1.4 Rack and Pinion

A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears.
Which convert rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called "the
pinion" engages teeth on a linear "gear" bar called "the rack"; rotational motion
applied to the pinion causes the rack to move relative to the pinion, thereby
translating the rotational motion of the pinion into linear motion. Rack and pinion
combinations are often used as part of a simple linear actuator, where the rotation
of a shaft powered by hand or by a motor is converted to linear motion; Rack
gears have a higher ratio, thus require a greater driving torque, and then screw
actuators.

1.4.1 Applications of Rack and Pinion

Rack and pinion combinations are often used as part of a simple linear actuator,
where the rotation of a shaft powered by hand or by a motor is converted to linear
motion. The rack carries the full load of the actuator directly and so the driving

3
pinion is usually small, so that the gear ratio reduces the torque required. This
force, thus torque, may still be substantial and so it is common for there to be a
reduction gear immediately before this by either a gear or worm gear reduction.
Rack gears have a higher ratio, thus require a greater driving torque.

1. Stairlifts-Most Stairlifts today are operating using the Rack & Pinion
system.
2. Steering-Rack steering in an automobile A rack and pinion is commonly
found in the steering mechanism of carsor other wheeled, steered
vehicles.
3. Rack railways-Rack railways are mountain railways that use a rack built
into the centre of the track and a pinion on their locomotives. This allows
them to work on steep gradients, up to 1 in 2 (50%), far in excess of those
a conventional railway relying on fiction alone can achieve.
Actuators- A rack and pinion with two racks and one pinion is used in
actuators. An example is pneumatic rack and pinion actuators that can be
used to control valves in pipeline transport.

1.5 Motor

The stepper motor is mostly preferable for automatic opening and

closing of sliding window. A stepper motor is a brushless DC electric motor that
divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps. The motor's position can then
be commanded to move and hold at one of these steps without any position sensor
for feedback as long as the motor is carefully sized to the application in respect
to torque and speed. Stepper motors effectively have multiple "toothed"
electromagnets arranged around a central gear-shaped piece of iron. The
electromagnets are energized by an external driver circuit or a micro controller.
To make the motor shaft turn, first, one electromagnet is given power, which

4
magnetically attracts the gear's teeth. When the gear's teeth are aligned to the first
electromagnet, they are slightly offset from the next electromagnet. This means
that when the next electromagnet is turned on and the first is turned off, the gear
rotates slightly to align with the next one.

1.6 Work plan

5
 Selection of material

Design calculation for rack and pinion

Gear and rack design

Window design

Development of mobile App

Fabrication

Welding

Assemble

Testing

Figure 1.1 Work plan

CHAPTER 2

6
 LITERATURE SURVEY
The Romans were the first known to use glass for windows, a technology
likely first produced in Roman Egypt in Alexandria ca. 100 AD.
Paper windows were economical and widely used in ancient China, Korea and
Japan. In England, glass became common in the windows of ordinary homes only
in the early 17th century whereas windows made up of panes of flattened animal
horn were used as early as the 14th century. In the 19th century American west,
greased paper windows came to be used by itinerant groups. Modern-style floor-
to-ceiling windows became possible only after the industrial plate glass making
processes were fully perfected. Window is first recorded in the early 13th century,
and originally referred to an unglazed hole in a roof. Window replaced the Old
English eagþyrl, which literally means 'eye-hole,' and 'eagduru' 'eye-door'. Many
Germanic languages however adopted the Latin word 'fenestra' to describe a
window with glass, such as standard Swedish 'fönster', or German 'Fenster'. The
use of window in English is probably because of the Scandinavian influence on
the English language by means of loanwords during the Viking Age. In English
the word fenester was used as a parallel until the mid-18th century. Fenestration
is still used to describe the arrangement of windows within a façade, as well as
defenestration, meaning to throw something out of a window. In the 13th century
BC, the earliest windows were unglazed openings in a roof to admit light during
the day. Later, windows were covered with animal hide, cloth, or wood. Shutters
that could be opened and closed came next. Over time, windows were built that
both protected the inhabitants from the elements and transmitted light, using
multiple small pieces of translucent material, such as flattened pieces of
translucent animal horn, thin slices of marble, for example fengite, or pieces of
glass, set in frameworks of wood, iron or lead. In the Far East, paper was used to
fill windows. The Romans were the first known to use glass for windows, a
technology likely first produced in Roman Egypt. Namely, in Alexandria ca. 100
AD cast glass windows, albeit with poor optical properties, began to appear, but
7
these were small thick productions, little more than blown glass jars (cylindrical
shapes) flattened out into sheets with circular striation patterns throughout. It
would be over a millennium before a window glass became transparent enough
to see through clearly, as we think of it now.

Modern-style floor-to-ceiling windows became possible only after the industrial

plate glass making processes were perfected. Modern windows are usually filled
with glass, although a few are transparent plastic.

W. M. P. Stuart (Jan 19, 1962) 3,152,368

Proposed hydraulic drive system could lower the windows at rest, since
pressure from the hydraulic system was merely released to lower the window.
Raising the windows required an electrically operated pump to operate and
introduce pressure at the appropriate cylinder. These systems also required
pressure lines to each cylinder (in the doors, as well as on certain cars, to the
power seat and a power operated convertible top). Because of the complexity, the
system could also leak fluid. Looking this circumstance he proposed rack and
pinion design which can be operated more easily rather than the hydraulic drive
system.

Dough Rasmussen (Oct 18, 2005) US, 6, 955, 009, B2

Proposed when a body approaches within the operating range of the sensor,
it sends a logical command to open the door. The door automatically closes with
a fixed time delay. If there is no further movement within the PIR operating range.
Interrupt signals are used through limit switches to avoid locked rotor condition
of the motor. Further this project can be enhanced interfacing a counting
arrangement for keeping a record of entry and exit of people at particular place.
This can be achieved by interfacing the system with an EEPROM (non-volatile
memory) to avoid loss of stored data even if the power fails.

8
Considering above ideas this project was designed, Bluetooth mobile operated
sliding window which is more economical and reliable for use.

CHAPTER 3

9
 CONSTRUCTION

3.1 Sliding window

Sliding window has wide range of use. Its special feature is that it has
rollers which help to slide on defined rack; people have to worry about when to
close and open windows. To overcome all this above problem, here by using the
sliding window shown in figure 3.1.

Figure 3.1 sliding window

3.1.1 Choose of aluminium frame

The sliding window frame is made up of aluminium material. The main
purpose to use the aluminium frame is light in weight as well as relatively low
strength. The aluminium is not affected by moisture and aluminium windows do
not warp and stick. We have selected standard frame of material mild steel.

o Aluminium window frames are

10
 o Light

o Strong

o Durable

o Easily extruded into the complex shapes required for window parts. o

Aluminium frames are available in anodized and factory-baked enamel

finishes that are extremely durable and low- maintenance.

3.2 Rack and Pinion

A rack and pinion shown in figure 3.2 is a type of linear actuator that
comprises a pair of gears. Which convert rotational motion into linear motion. A
circular gear called "the pinion" engages teeth on a linear "gear" bar called "the
rack"; rotational motion applied to the pinion causes the rack to move relative to
the pinion, thereby translating the rotational motion of the pinion into linear
motion.

Figure 3.2 Rack and Pinion

11
3.3 Motor
The window will sit on the rack of the assembly where the pinion gear,
connected to an electrical motor, moves the rack with the pane causing it to open
or close. The stepper motor is mostly preferable for automatic opening and
closing of sliding window shown in figure 3.3.

Figure 3.3 Motor

3.4 Circuit

Automatic sliding window circuit consists of a Bluetooth module, arduino

nano, DC motor supply, sensors and other electronic items shown in figure 3.4
and 3.5.

12
 Figure 3.4 Circuit

Figure 3.5 Arduino nano and Bluetooth module

CHAPTER 4

WORKING PRINCIPLE
Automatic Sliding Window system can be retrofitted to sliding windows to
enable easy opening via simple push of a button or remote control. This system
is based on a simple “rack and pinion” design. Teethed tracks are attached to the
active window panel and then the Automatic sliding uses a gear that meshes into
13
the tracks to push and pull the sliding window to power the automatic sliding
simply plug it into a regular wall outlet.

A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears.
Which convert rotational motion into linear motion. A circular gear called "the
pinion" engages teeth on a linear "gear" bar called "the rack"; rotational motion
applied to the pinion causes the rack to move relative to the pinion, thereby
translating the rotational motion of the pinion into linear motion. Which is
operated by an android device connected with Bluetooth using Bluetooth module
which is attached to the circuit of the smart window? When the open button is
pressed; a signal is send to the main circuitry board, which then allows the current
to pass through to the window motor causing the motor to run and the window
open and close.

4.1 Opening the Window

o When the automatic switch is pressed, the current will sent to the transformer

to allow a current to be sent to the motor to move left or right. o Once the

current reaches the motor will start to move and it will move the window

back and forth. o The window reaches the end the gate touches the limit

switch

o When the window touches the limit switch, a current were sent to the
circuitry to stop the flow of current and stops the motor.

4.2 Closing the Window

o After pressing the close button, the window will automatic close. o When it

almost reaches the end the window will touch another limit switch. o Then it
will be touched, a current were sent to the circuit and a current sent to motor

14
 to make it stop. o This device has safety measures, which pauses its action
when it deducts any object between the two slides.

CHAPTER 5

DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE APPLICATION

Nowadays it is very easy to create a mobile application. There many

courses related to free online mobile application creation. In this automatic
sliding window the mobile application used to operate the window to open and
close by using MIT App inventor. App Inventor for Android is an opensource web
application originally provided by Google, and now maintained by the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It allows new comers to computer
programming to create software applications for the Android operating system.
In this project the mobile application design is shown in the figure 5.1.
15
 Figure 5.1 Mobile Application

5.1 Line diagram for mobile application

The line diagram for mobile application is shown in the figure 5.2.

16
 Smart
window
ON

Aut Manua
o l

avg.
temperatur
e
Set
temperatur
Temperatur Temperatur e
e norma e hig
l h ope sto clos
clos n p e
ope
e n

To operate the window open and

close
Figure 5.2 Line diagram

CHAPTER 6

DESIGN FOR AUTOMATIC SLIDING WINDOW

6.1 Design procedure

The design procedure for spur gear.

1. Select the material.

17
 2. Calculation of 𝑧1 and 𝑧2.
3. Calculation of tangential load on tooth 𝐹𝑡.
4. Calculation of initial dynamic load 𝐹𝑑.
5. Calculation of beam strength 𝐹𝑠.
6. Calculation of module m.
7. Calculation of b, d and v.
8. Recalculation of beam strength 𝐹𝑠.
9. Calculation of accurate dynamic loading 𝐹𝑑.
10.Check for beam strength.
11.Calculation of maximum wear load 𝐹𝑤.
12.Check for wear.
13.Basic dimensions of gear.

6.2 Design calculation

6.2.1 Design for Gear:

Material: cast iron (from PSG design data book Pg No: 1.40)

Tensile strength: 250 N/𝑚𝑚2

Brinell hardness number: 197

Number of teeth: 𝑍1 =45

Speed: 𝑁1=150 rpm (assumed)

Calculation of tangential load on tooth (𝑭𝒕 ):

𝑃
𝐹𝑡=𝑣×𝐾0

𝜋𝑑𝑁 𝜋×𝑚 ×45×𝑁1

18
Where, v= = = 0.353m
60 60×1000

𝐾0=1.5

𝐾0=service/shock factor (for medium shock)

𝐹𝑡=0.353×1.5

𝐹𝑡 = 212.46m

Calculation of initial dynamic load (𝑭𝒅):

𝐹𝑡
𝐹𝑑=𝑐𝑣

3 3
𝑐𝑣=3+𝑣=3+5= 0.375 (from PSG design data book Pg No: 8.51)

Assuming v=5m/s

𝑐𝑣=velocity factor
212.46 1
𝐹𝑑= 𝑚 ×0.375

566.56
𝐹𝑑 = 𝑚

Calculation of beam strength:

𝐹𝑠=π.m.b.[𝜎𝑏].y

b= face width = 10m

[𝜎𝑏] =105N/𝑚𝑚2 (from PSG design data book Pg No: 8.53)

19
[𝜎𝑏 ]=allowable bending stress

Y= from factor

Y=0.154-(0.192/𝑧1) (from PSG design data book Pg No: 8.50)

Y= 0.154-(0.912/45)= 0.1337

𝐹𝑠=π×m×10m×105×0.1337

𝐹𝑠= 441.14𝑚2

Calculation of module:

We know that, 𝐹𝑠≥𝐹𝑑

m = 1.08mm m

= 2mm

Calculation of b, d and v:

Face width b = 10×2 =20mm

Pitch circle diameter d= m×z =2×45 =90mm

𝜋𝑑𝑁 𝜋.90.150
Pitch line velocity v= = = 0.7m/s
60 60

Calculation of beam strength (𝑭𝒔):

Beam strength, 𝐹𝑠=π×m×b×[𝜎𝑏]×y

=π×2×20×105×0.1337

𝐹𝑠 = 1764.12 N
20
Calculation of accurate dynamic load (𝑭𝒅):

Dynamic load, 𝐹𝑑=𝐹𝑡+21 21𝑣𝑣(𝑏𝑐+𝐹+√𝑏𝑐+𝐹𝑡)𝑡 (from PSG design data

book Pg No: 8.51)

𝐹𝑡=P/v = 50/0.75 = 66.67 N

C= 5930 e (from PSG design data book Pg NO: 8.53)

e=0.025 (carefully cut gears) c=148.25 N/mm

𝐹𝑑

𝐹𝑑= 104.64 N

Check for beam strength:

𝐹𝑠 > 𝐹𝑑 , therefore the design is safe and satisfactory.

Calculation of maximum wear load ( 𝑭𝒘) :

𝑤𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝐹𝑤=d×b×Q×𝐾𝑤

2𝑖
Q= ratio factor =
𝑖+1

i=𝑧2 = 77= 1.77

𝑧1 45

Q= 1.261

𝐾𝑤=1.42 N/𝑚𝑚2 (from PSG design data book Pg No: 8.51)

𝐾𝑤=load stress factor

𝐹𝑤=90×20×1.26×1.42 = 3220 N

21
Check for wear:

𝐹𝑤 > 𝐹𝑑 , therefore the design is safe and satisfactory.

Basic dimensions of gears: (from PSG design data book Pg No: 8.22)

Module m=2mm

Face width b= 20mm

Height factor 𝑓0= 1

Bottom clearance c=0.25m=0.25×2= 0.5mm

No. of teeth in pinion 𝑧1=45

Pitch circle diameter d= m ×z=2×45=90mm

Tip diameter𝑑𝑎1=(𝑧1+2𝑓0)m=94mm

Root diameter 𝑑𝑓1=(𝑧1-2𝑓0)m=85mm

6.2.2 Design for rack:

Assumed uniform straight rack, feed force: rack C45, module = 4, teeth = 80, with
𝐹𝑢𝑡𝑎𝑏=11.5kN

Mass to be moved m= 3.760 kg

Speed v=2m/s

Acceleration time 𝑡𝑏=1s

Acceleration due to gravity g= 9.81m/𝑠2

Co-efficient of friction µ=0.1

22
Load factor 𝐾𝐴=1.5

Life-time factor 𝑓𝑛=1.05 Safety

coefficient 𝑆𝐵=1.2

Linear load distribution factor 𝐿𝐾𝐻𝛽=1.5

Tangential force (𝐹𝑈):

𝑚.𝑔.µ+𝑚.𝑎

𝐹𝑢= 1000

𝑣 2 2 a=
= =2m/𝑠
𝑡𝑏 1

3.760
𝐹𝑢= =0.1226kN

𝐹𝑢 𝑡𝑎𝑏 11.5𝑘𝑁

𝐹𝑢

𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚=𝐾𝐴𝑆𝐵𝐹𝑛𝐿𝐾𝐻𝛽 =1.5×1.2×1.05×1.5 = 2.44kN 𝐹𝑢

𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚>𝐹𝑈; 2.44kN > 0.12261 kN = > fulfilled

The design is safe and satisfactory.

23
 CHAPTER 7

FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC SLIDING WINDOW

Automatic sliding window is a window used to open and close the window
automatically. In order to reduce the man efforts, this project is planned to create
and fully automatic sliding window. The automatic sliding window is one of the
most useful things in our daily life as well as in mechanical concern to open and
closed the window automatically. This is operated by an android device
connected with Bluetooth using Bluetooth module which is attached to the circuit
of the smart window. The device will help to maintain a comfortable indoors
environment by automatically closing and opening the windows used by rack and
pinion mechanism. The main objective of this project to minimize or overcome
the problems which are faced in traditionally operated window. The automatic
sliding window is simplicity in design and better control. The welding joint for
rack and pinion is shown in figure 7.1. And the assembly of motor and automatic
sliding window is shown in figure 7.2 and 7.3.

24
Figure 7.1 Welding of rack and pinion

Figure 7.2 Assembly of motor

Figure 7.3 a window close

Figure 7.3 b window open

25
 Figure 7.3 Assembly of automatic sliding window
CHAPTER 8

COST

The total cost details for the project Design and Fabrication of Automatic
Sliding Window are listed below in the table 8.1.

Serial no. Components Specifications Quantity Price

1. Rack 1 feet straight 2 1700/-
rack
2. Gear Cast iron 1 250/-
3. Aluminium 1×1.5 feet 2 2000/-
Window each
4. Motor 60 watt 1 500/-
5. Arduino nano V3.0 1 250/-
6. Bluetooth module HC-05 1 250/-
7. Motor driver L298N 2A 1 250/-
8. Other items - - 400/-
9. Labour cost - - 500/-
Total: 6100/-

Table 8.1 Cost

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 CHAPTER 9

FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS

o For an improved, effective system to be implemented and achieved, the

following suggestions should be considered for further work

o There can be a timer, which can be operated only in the working hours. o

It sense and works according to the room temperature and humidity. o It

can work as an emergency window during fire accidents inside the room.

o There can be a rain sensor, during rain it automatically close the window.

o Battery backup: extra power supply will be included when there is a power
shutdown.

o Mobile application can be improved by future needs. o Motor speed can

be controlled at the end of the window close. o In future window can be

controlled through IoT (Internet of Things). o High power and faster

mechanisms can be used with availability of better power supply.

o Better sensor is recommended to achieve new functionality.

CHAPTER 10

27
 CONCLUSION
This project will make it more convenient for office workers, home
owners, and especially the elderly, and the physically disabled. This
automatic sliding window is most useful and simply to operate at any
condition. Because of atomization no manual force requires. Time is save
during the action of open and close of the automatic sliding widow. Huge
number of window can be operated at the same time. A person should not
have to be near the window to open or close it, in case of the smart window
because it uses the Bluetooth technology. When Traditional window are
open they are parallel to wind flow and slight distributions in the angle will
cause the window to close. Where in sliding window is perpendicular to
the wind flow which reduces the chance of automatic lock failure. This can
result in more efficient and effective outputs. The automatic sliding
window system fabricated and tested.
The result that expected is, the motor and circuit was compatible with
each other with the sliding window. The motor was able to move the
window from one end to the other and smoothly with the push/touch of a
button.

CHAPTER 11

REFERENCES

[1] Garvin S L, Automatic door and window controls for the disabled, Building
Services Journal, pp39-40, August 1997.

28
[2] Garvin S L, Domestic automatic door and window controls for use by elderly
and disabled people, BRE Report BR334, Construction Research
Communications, 1997.

[3] Todd Michael Bello (April 10, 2012) US,8,151,519,B2

[4] GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND

RESEARCHES RACK AND PINION OPERATED AUTOMATIC
SLIDING
GATE Inamdarvasim1,khaireakshay2 and Mr.pataitS.B

[5] International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online):

23197064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2013):
4.438

Books

1. Design of machine element– V.B. Bhandari, third edition

2. Machine design A.P. Varma
3. “Design Data Book” for engineers
4. Theory of Machines by R.S. Kurmi
5. Design of Transmission Systems by Dr. V.Vijayakumar

Website References
1. www.google.com
2. www.atlantadrives.com
3. appinventor.mit.edu

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