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    Pythonintroin Your Cs0160Directory. It Should Contain Two

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    nikos
    This document provides instructions for setting up Python and the text editor Atom or Gedit to write and run Python code. It describes: 1) Installing Python and creating a directory for Python code files. 2) Configuring Atom or Gedit as the code editor when working on campus computers or remotely over SSH, including setting tab widths and saving Python files with a .py extension. 3) Writing a simple "Hello World" Python program and running it and making the file executable. 4) An introduction to Python syntax using indentation to delimit code blocks instead of curly braces.

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    Pythonintroin Your Cs0160Directory. It Should Contain Two

    Uploaded by

    nikos
    30 views36 pages
    This document provides instructions for setting up Python and the text editor Atom or Gedit to write and run Python code. It describes: 1) Installing Python and creating a directory for Python code files. 2) Configuring Atom or Gedit as the code editor when working on campus computers or remotely over SSH, including setting tab widths and saving Python files with a .py extension. 3) Writing a simple "Hello World" Python program and running it and making the file executable. 4) An introduction to Python syntax using indentation to delimit code blocks instead of curly braces.

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    This document provides instructions for setting up Python and the text editor Atom or Gedit to write and run Python code. It describes: 1) Installing Python and creating a directory for Python code files. 2) Configuring Atom or Gedit as the code editor when working on campus computers or remotely over SSH, including setting tab widths and saving Python files with a .py extension. 3) Writing a simple "Hello World" Python program and running it and making the file executable. 4) An introduction to Python syntax using indentation to delimit code blocks instead of curly braces.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    30 views36 pages

    Pythonintroin Your Cs0160Directory. It Should Contain Two

    Uploaded by

    nikos
    This document provides instructions for setting up Python and the text editor Atom or Gedit to write and run Python code. It describes: 1) Installing Python and creating a directory for Python code files. 2) Configuring Atom or Gedit as the code editor when working on campus computers or remotely over SSH, including setting tab widths and saving Python files with a .py extension. 3) Writing a simple "Hello World" Python program and running it and making the file executable. 4) An introduction to Python syntax using indentation to delimit code blocks instead of curly braces.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    of 36

    pythonIntroin your cs0160directory.

    It should contain two


    lesprimePrinter.pyand
    sectionOne.py.
    Before we begin programming, we need to con
    gure the editor you will use to write
    your Python code. While you are free to use any editor of your choice, we recommend
    you use Atom. If you are working from a computer in the Sunlab or MSlab, complete
    Section 4.2, which will tell you how to con
    gure Atom universally for Python code, and
    skip over Section 4.3. If you have Atom locally on your personal computer, you can
    follow
    the same instructions to con
    gure it, although some of the instructions may be a little
    di#erent depending on how you work locally. If you are working remotely, jump right
    to
    section 4.3 to learn how to set up Gedit, which performs better over SSH. Either
    way, be
    sure to begin again at Section 4.4, where you will write your
    rst Python program!
    4.2 Working from the Sunlab or MSlab

    see what happens without an intermediate compiling step. This makes experimentation
    and testing very simple.
    Third, a feature of Python that you will grow to love and cherish is how easy it is
    to
    read. Instead of using a lot of
    fpunctuation and other symbols, which are what makes code
    in most programming languages look daunting and scary, Python uses English keywords
    and natural-sounding syntax. For example, this is a declaration and an if-condition
    in
    Python:
    x = 1
    if x > 0:

    4.1 Setting up
    Runcs0160install pythonIntrofrom the command line. This will install a folder

    Open the text editor Atom, by typingatom &in your terminal. First we will make
    the .py
    le you will write your program in.
    1. Create a new
    le: File>New File
    2. Save this
    le, File>Save, naming ithelloWorld.py. The .pyis very important!!
    Make sure the
    le is saved in your~/course/cs0160/pythonIntrodirectory.
    We now need to con
    gure Atom to work best with Python:
    1. From the menu bar, select Edit>Preferences. This should open up a new tab in the
    editor. Scroll down to theEditor Settingssection. This is where you can con
    gure
    di#erent preferences for your Atom. Take a look at some of the options and feel
    free
    to play around with them.
    Introduction to Python - 2018 March 4, 2018 2
    CS 16
    Introduction to Python - 2018
    Introduction to Algorithms and Data Structures
    2. Change theTab Lengthto be4and make sure theTab Typeis set to soft.
    3. Close this tab and you're ready to go!
    4.3 Working romotely over SSH
    Gedit performs much better over SSH, so you should use this program to work on the
    lab
    if you are not on a CS department computer.
    Typegedit &into a terminal and press Enter to open Gedit.
    First we will make the.py
    le you will write your program in.
    1. Save the current (blank) new
    le: File>Save as...
    2. Name the
    lehelloWorld.py. The .pyis very important!! Make sure the
    le is saved
    in your ~/course/cs0160/pythonIntrodirectory.
    Next, we have to con
    gure Gedit to work well with Python.
    1. Go toEdit->Preferences
    2. Click on theEditortab
    3. Ensure thatTab widthis set to 4
    4. Check the box that saysInsert spaces instead of tabs
    Close out of the preferences window. You're all set!
    4.4 Let's get to coding!
    From CS15, you are probably familiar with using these text editors to write Java
    (.java)
    see what happens without an intermediate compiling step. This makes experimentation
    and testing very simple.
    Third, a feature of Python that you will grow to love and cherish is how easy it is
    to
    read. Instead of using a lot of
    fpunctuation and other symbols, which are what makes code
    in most programming languages look daunting and scary, Python uses English keywords
    and natural-sounding syntax. For example, this is a declaration and an if-condition
    in
    Python:
    x = 1
    if x > 0:

    4.1 Setting up
    Runcs0160install pythonIntrofrom the command line. This will install a folder
    Introduction to Algorithms and Data Structures
    #! /usr/bin/python
    at the top of yourhelloWorld.py
    le. This tells your machine to use Python to interpret
    the
    le when executed. Then save the
    le, go back to your terminal, and type chmod +x
    helloWorld.pyto make the
    le an executable. (If you haven't used chmodbefore, it's a
    terminal command used to change
    le permissions, in this case to make your Python
    le
    executable. The +xargument adds executability for the owner of the
    le, you!) Now if
    you type./helloWorld.pyinto your terminal your program prints Hello world! to the
    terminal. From now on, all of your Python
    les should start with#! /usr/bin/python.
    5 Python Syntax
    Let's say that instead of wanting to write a program that just prints \Hello
    world!" and
    then ends, you wanted to write a program with a function that takes in a string
    with your
    name as the parameter, and prints \Hello<name>!" Following the CS16 Python coding
    conventions, the function would look like this:
    def say_hello(name):
    """say_hello: string -> nothing
    code. We'll be using them to write Python (.py)
    les in CS16.
    It's important you have con
    gured your editor as speci
    ed above because Python uses
    whitespace indentation to delimit your code (more on this later). For the sake of
    conve-nience, we insist that you use 4 spaces to indent your code. It will make
    your code look
    consistent across machines and prevent inconsistencies between spaces and hard
    tabs.
    Now, let's begin! Type:
    print `Hello world!'
    and save your
    le. Now go back to your terminal, make sure you are in thepythonIntro
    directory and typepython helloWorld.pyto run the program. It will printHello world!
    to your terminal.
    Hold on, do you really have to typepython yourProgramName.pyevery time you want
    to run a program? (Or for the especially lazy, scroll through your commands until
    you
    nd
    the last time you typed it?) Heck no! Go back to your editor and type:
    Introduction to Python - 2018 March 4, 2018 3
    CS 16
    Introduction to Python - 2018
    Purpose: prints a greeting of the form "Hello <name>!"
    Example: say_hello("Seny") -> "Hello Seny!"
    """
    print "Hello " + name + "!" #this is the function body
    When you de
    ne a function in Python, you simply writedef(which is short for de
    ne),
    followed by the name of the function, with all words lowercase and separated by
    underscores,
    then the parameters in parentheses, and lastly a colon. Note that you do not need
    to
    specify the type of your parameters in Python! Next, document your function with a
    block

    print "x is positive"


    print "What beautiful syntax!"
    print "Do you love Python yet?"
    You'll notice that instead of using curly braces to delimit code blocks, Python
    uses whites-pace indentation. That means that correctly nesting your code now has
    semantic meaning,
    instead of just making it easier for you (and your TAs) to read. We'll learn more
    about
    syntax later, so for now, just marvel at it

    s beauty.
    Python is similar to Java in that it also handles your memory management, meaning
    it
    allocates memory and has a garbage collector to free up that memory once it is no
    longer
    needed, making your life a whole lot easier. If you're not already convinced that
    Python
    rules...
    2 Why should you learn Python?
    We'll be using Python throughout the semester to code up some of the algorithms
    you'll be
    learning. As a computer scientist you should get used to learning new languages
    readily,
    not only because it's an important part of the subject, but also because it's
    useful (and
    Introduction to Python - 2018
    March 4, 2018 1
    CS 16

    Introduction to Python - 2018


    Introduction to Algorithms and Data Structures
    fun!). Python is especially important to learn because it is used very widely as a
    scripting
    language { Pixar uses it for all their tools, for instance { so knowing it could
    one day help
    you get a job making a movie like Toy Story 3.
    3 Day 1
    Your journey through Python begins today...
    4 Writing your
    rst program in Python
    It's tradition when learning a new programming language that your
    rst program is a \Hello
    World" program, so let's start out by writing a simple one-line program that prints
    \Hello
    World!"
    comment! Use triple quotes ("""to create block comments much like/*would in Java.
    For
    an in-line comment, use#, instead of the //from Java. This block comment should
    include
    a description of the parameters and return type, the purpose of the method, and an
    example
    of the method in use. This type of block comment is called adocstringand is crucial
    to writing readable code that is easy to understand later. There is a detailed
    handout on
    coding conventions on the course website that you can read for more information on
    writing
    good Python.
    The actual body of this function is simple. First o#, it is indented four spaces
    from
    the function declaration. This is crucial. If you do not indent your code
    correctly, it will
    not work. Whitespace indentation is used in Python to nest blocks of code, rather
    than
    curly braces. Each subordinating code block must be indented four spaces relative
    to the
    code on which it depends. As you get used to programming in Python, this will
    become
    A snake! A snake! A scaaary snake? Yes, but Python is also a programming language
    that
    you'll be learning this semester! Python bears some resemblance to Java, but in
    general
    it is cleaner and easier to read. There are a few important di#erences from Java
    that you
    should note:
    First, you don't need to declare the types of variables. Thus, you writex = 1rather
    than int x = 1. Variables do have types, but you don't need to announce the type
    when
    you
    rst use a variable. In fact, you can writex = 1and thenx = "abcd"in the same
    program; after the
    rst assignment, x is an integer; after the second, it's a string. (N.B. In
    general this is a very bad idea, so avoid it!)
    Second, the environment in which you work with Python lets you type bits of code
    and

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