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Dictionary of Occult,
Hermetic and Alchemical Sigils

Dictionary of Occult,
Hermetic and Alchemical Sigils
?rkd settings
ROUTLEIXIE & KEGAN PA[TL
London, Boston and Henley

First published in 1981
by Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd
39 Store Street, London WCIE 7DD,
9 Park Street, Boston, Mass, 02108, USA
and Broadway House, Newtown Road, Henley-on-Thames
Printed in Great Britain by
Lowe and Brydone Printers Ltd
Thetford, Norfolk
@ Fred Getting s 1981
No part of this book may be reproduced in
any form without permission from the
publisher, except for the quotation of brief
passages in criticism
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Gettings, Fred
Dictionary of occult, hermetic and
alchemical sigils.
1. Occult sciences - Dictionaries
1. Title
133 .03' 21
' BF1407 GO- 42 122
ISBN Q-71OO-O095-2
Contents
Introduction 7
Dictionary of Sigils 39
Bibl i ography 29 3
Appendices 313
Index of Sigils 323
Antiquissimi Sapientes , quos Craeco sermons
Philosophos appal lamus, si quae naturae vol
artis reperissent arcana, ne in pravorum
notitiaru devenirenfc, variis mod is atque
figures occuitabzmt.
When the wise men of old (whom we call in tho

Greek tongue 'Philosopners') found any arcana,
any hidden things, either of a natural kind*
or resulting from the activities of nan, they
were accustomed to hide these in various ways
and with the aid of figures. They did this
in order that these Bight not be understood by
the wronc; kind of people.
CROLLluS, De Signatures, seu vera et viva

Anatomia Majoris et Minoris Mundi, 1612,
Introduction
THE TEXT OF THIS DICTIONARY has been designed as a reference, guide and
source-book for chose involved in general occult studies. Towards this
end it presents, under 1,500 headings, the meanings of over 9,000 sigils
which anpear in European alchemical, astrological, geomantic and related
hermetic sources, along with a unique graphic index by means of which the
majority of such sigils may be identified.
Before setting out the scope, plan nr.d practical considerations
relating to this dictionary, It might be as well Cor me to explain why
I have chosen the relatively rare word sigil to designate the graphic
forms dealt with in the text, when the layman might well be tempted to
use such words as symbols, signs or even glyphs.
The word symbol is not sufficiently specialised for my purpose, since
it carries a literary as well as an iconographic ;:onnotatior.. In a sense,
anything may be a symbol of anything else, provided that an analogy is

drawn, or some explanation for the symbolising given. Hius f the
mediaeval bestiary could take the apparently absurd symbol of the

vulture as representative of the Virgin Mary, simply because it was
currently believed that a vulture brought forth its ycung partiheno-
geneticully. Without a literary explanation, tacit or otherwise,
alongside such a symbol, then the meaning would be obscure, and in the
example given it not heretical, then at least obscene. Only very rarely
1
does a literary explanation stand between the sigils and their 'meanings /
and even then only in the various 'graphic: systems' (see for example the
entry under ORIGIN), for which adequate bibliographic reference is given

DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
/
wihhin the entry. For example, the curious sigil VH? is one of the
forms for VIRGO, and has been accorded a certain literary tradition
which links it with the Virgin Mary: in the entry T have made reference
to this possible graphic etymology, from the initials MV (Maria Virgo),

even though in ray opinion this etymology is entirely fanciful. The
point here is that the 'vulture' symbol requires literary explanation,
the sigll for Virgo does not, though such an explanation may throw light
on its origin or purpose as a sigil.
The word sign has a very wide application, ranging from gestures and
tokens made by the body, to a whole battery of devices designed for the
purpose of communication. As a word, therefore, it has connotation far
beyond the special sense of 'occult 1
or 'graphic 1
which I certainly wish
to imply within this dictionary. Additionally, the word sign in this
general sense may be easily confused with the word in its special
astrological application: the sign of the zodiac is one of the twelve
divisions of the ecliptic band, and not, as is sometimes erroneously
supposed, the 'graphic symbol 1
used tc denote one of these zodiacal
divisions. Thus, the arc of thirty degrees (tropical) between Cancer
and Virqo is the sign of the zodiac LEO: a picture of a lion may well
be intended to be a symbol of this zodiacal Leo, but the graphic form JC
is actually the sigil for Lee.
The word glyph is sometimes used in occult contexts, but in its
proper application it should be restricted to sculpture and architecture,
for it is supposed to refer to symbols appearing in relief work- In
the nineteenth century a number of words were derived from 'glyph'
relating to the relief processes in the printing industry; perhaps this*
alone should provide grounds for rejecting the word from the present
context. There is no doubt that certain glyphs have become slgils - this
is true of many occuit siejils derived from the Egyptian hieroglyphics.
For example, the hieroglyph ANKK and its component RU, undoubtedly both
giyphic in origin, are now freguently used as sigils in their common
forms "|" and <^
These general observations oiay indicate why I have felt compelled to
adopt the word sigil in the face of apparent competition from other words.
8
INTRODUCTION
In fact, its very derivation, from the late Latin sigillum, encourages
its use within an occult context, for this word appears frequently in
mediaeval magical contexts, and has even been used specifically for
certain astrological symbols and devices which were supposed to be
amuletic in power. Further, the word in the eighteenth century did
carry the specialised meaning of 'a small image'. Since most of the
graphic forms in this dictionary are to some extent amuletic - that is,
charged with power - and many are 'small images' of cosmic processes, and
in almost every case linked with the occult, then the word sigil connotes
very well the field to which 1 have restricted myself here.
Having explained the key word of the title for this dictionary, I must
now deal with its intended readership. T have designed the text in such
a way that it will be valuable to both specialists and general workers in

fields directly or peripherally related to occultism. In particular, it
is intended for those whose research brings them into contact with
occult
or hermetic texts, ancient or modern - for historians of the occult, for
astrologers, for those interested in the 'history of ideas', for art

students and art historians.
occult
The book needs no justification so far as historians of the
are concerned: without doubt there is a great need for such a work as
this. 1 cannot pretend that the specialist will meet with many sigils
from his own field with which he is not already famiLiar, but cne may be
certain that he will find in the dictionary some indication of how the
sigils familiar to hitu were seen and interpreted in related fields outside
his own specialisation. This much is guaranteed simply because I have
endeavoured to use the sigils recorded by specialists in a wide range of

occult and hermetic areas. A specialist in alchemical fields cannot
avoid having some passing acquaintance with astrological sigils, for
example, but it is unlikely that the full wealth of astrological sigils
will have been appreciated by such a specialist. Again, a specialist in
astrology, or the history of astrology, may well be surprised to discover

the extent to which the development of astrological sigils has been bound
yapwith the prevailing religious and occult notions concerning the nature
of symbolism. Such ideas as these are intimated in the bibliographic
9
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
sources given alongside the presentation of the sigiis.

Practical astrologers arc, by the very nature? cf their subject,
required to have some knowledge of the history of their art, and to be
aware of something o£ the 'graphic theory* underlying the sigiis they use.
Tills dictionary will be of great value to such individuals, for it will
reveal something of the variety and wealth of astrological sigiis and of
related graphic theories of symbolism. At the same time, this text may
offer a serious challenge tc the superficial "histories of astrology 1
and
'histories of the occult 1
which, under different authorship and title, but
with much the same moribund content , appear each year with depressing
regularity. These sigiis, and the sources from which they are
abstracted, indicate that the history of astrology and the occult is not
at all what the superficial historians suppose- Those who would wish to
ccmbat this nonsense cculd do no better than commence with a study of
certain of the source-book material given in support of the sigil forma
presented here* i know from experience that it is difficult to be n
practical astrologer, or interested in the history of the subject, without

becoming fascinated by the inn* v meanings ot the sigiis, which speak a
language at once arcane and cosmic, reminding one of the definition of ..
symbol given by HAASE L975 as 'essenfciaiJy purposive.., it points to some

Higher Order for whose characteristics it is a Aind of abbreviation* ,
The bibliographic sources give more often than not hints and guesses at
the 'Higher Order', at the inner meaning, though in this field/ perhaps
more than any other, one must have the eyes to see, and the mind to under-
stand.
Those individuals who find themselves interested in what is nowadays
called 'the history of ideas 1
, but which J:: âxller days was called
m«rely 'history' ion the fair assumption that ir.en were motivated
precisely by ideas, and not merely by 'social' or 'economic' pressures) ,
cannot fail to find this dictionary useful, for underlying many ot the
sigiis one finds traces of an ancient wisdom, expressed in a graphic
precision which is surprising. Additionally, rhe lines of thought
expressed in the combinations of sigiis and bibliographic reference will
provide a fertile ground for further research into the history of ideas,
LO
IttTKODVCTIQN
albeit ideas in graphic forms. A useful history of the influence of
graphic expression has still to be written, and it would be encouraging

Lo think that the indications set out in this dictionary might contribute
to such The study of occult sigils often has the effect ct

a work-
pulling together certain literary themes with the artistic expression

associated with them. For example, the influence of Jnnn Dee's curious
MONAD §? on subsequent graphic theory is considerable, and a grasp of the
Englishman's influence on Boehme'S use or sigiln, so ably studied by

FREHER ;717 and introduced to modern scholarship by MUSES 1951, might
r
indicate tc the historian lines of thought by which the ideas a::d
painterly expression of William Blake might be approached in a new and
valid way. Several of the ideas relating to secret and heretical

influences in the history of art set out in GETTTKGS 197B took theii
origin frotn a study of sigtls - notably the discoveries relating tc
the Taurean-Piscean symbolism in that remarkable basilican church of
San Miniato al Monte, in Florence, and the curious use of the dual
sigils OO and C ln the Roalcrucian symbolism of St. Pierre, in
Geneva. Such examples could easily be multiplied - especially in
xegard to modiaeva I. and Renaissance works of art.

Such an observation reminds us that art students, and especially those
line art students who find themselves interested in arcane matters - a
most common thing in the modern climate - will- find this collection of
sigiis fi stimulating source for research and experiment. I need hardly
say that students of graphics have for a long time been in need of such a
bock in order that they might grasp something of the rich graphic
tradition which underlies the history of their subject, and even modem
Hyinbolism. Wot only the sigils themselves, but also the supporting
bibliography - especially those titles which deal with graphic theories -
will provide stimulus for further research, and perhaps contribute further
to the development of a graphic theory of forms.
The general historian requires a dictionary such *as this for reasons
Which scarcely require discussion - the book is designed precisely to aid
in the deciphering and amplification of obscure historical doexments.

The art historian is, perhaps unwittingly, desperately in need of a book
I I
of this nature, fox many of the apparently meaningless Bcrawls, symbols

and decorative motives in mediaeval works of art, costume decorations and
so on axe in fact occult sigils t intended to encapsulate meaning, and now
require precise identification. The structuxe of this dictionary
provides at least a preliminary statement of the kind of systematic work
which may be done in this and related fields. It is becoming increasingly
obvious to some historians that the development of arc is itself the
history of the injection of powerful ideas from hidden and sometimes
unidentifiable sources at important moments in history. For example,
at the one extreme of our European culture, we see the dependence of art
not only on the banking systcnis developed by the Medici, but also on the
occult ideas which this family encouraged in secret, and which fed the
development of Renaissance art to a freedom of human expression rooted
in an occultism which only the Council of Trent was able to deflect,
PANOFSKY 1967 has hinted at such roots of occultism in our culture, in
much the sane vein as WIND 1958; in a more occult setting, COLLIN 1954
has touched upon the similar occult influences in other contexts. At
the other extreme, in modern times we find RINGBOM 1970 indicating the
dependence of modern art on the works of such esoteric and occult lines
of thought as Theosochy and Anthroposophy . My own study of related
themes, in GETTING5 1976, presents a bird's eye view of this relation-
ship between certain occult themes and heretical praxes and the history
of art. With such a historical situation revealing iLself, we need no
justification for attempting a preliminary survey of the occult sigils
used by secret schools and individual occultists.
So far as 1 am aware, this is the first attempt to collect toqe'Jier
under one heading, and with an Index guide, so large a number of occult
sigils. The two books which have to some extent served a similar
function as the present one are altogether limited in scope, and do not
ever, pretend to the advantages of this dictionary. The work of
SUHKSRriOFB' 17o1 x which so obviously influenced profoundly the more
easily available GESSMANN I90G, is restricted to alchemical sigils, and
in this re^Lm is indispensable, not merely in the very number of sigils
which are presented, but also in the breadth of definition offered.
12
INTRODUCTION
Excellent as it is, the book is largely unavailable, and is in any case

intended for specialist alchemists and for a medical profession which
is defunct. The work of SHEPHERD 1971 touches upon the occult field
only in the most perfunctory manner, the intention being to provide a
worthwhile reference within a modern context of signs and symbols; the
occulta which he does record from cabbalistic and hermetic sources are
sparse, and give no useful source. For example, SHEPHERD 1971 gives
and
the sigil V^f for tno zodiacal sign Capricorn, which is all well
good so far as it goeai my own entry under CAPRICORN lists no fewer than
eighty different sigils, alongside bibliographic sources.
Perhaps iL would be appropriate to give some indication of how this
dictionary was compiled, and an idea of its underlying structure. The
work was constructed by the relatively simple, if somewhat tedious and

laborious, process of examining and collating a large number of previous
compilations which relate occult sigils to particular meanings. The work
which
was rounded off by a thorough survey of the most important texts in
occult theories of symbolism and graphic forms were discussed. The
resultant collection of sigils, and their simplified meanings, were then
collated, assorted, creamed for utility, and then arranged in alphabetical
order, according to meaning, and set out in the form presented in this
dictionary. With a vast consumption of index cards, a special graphic
index was evolved to facilitate the identification of individual siqils.
This important contribution to the dictionary is explained on pauo 323,
The structure of the main body of the dictionary is that of an
alphabetical listing, in which the greater number of some 9,000 sigils
have been classified under about 1,500 headings. Each entry is accorded
a neading, a hanging indent in capitals, followed by an abbreviated
class list, and a reference which contains at least one bibliographic
source from just over 300 titles, indicating the provenance of the sigil
recorded in the entry. In many cases, the entry includes also a brief
note intended as a guide towards a deeper insight into the meaning of the
sigil-
Within the dictionary I have included a selection of the more important
secret alphabets. All of these are probably too well known to any
13
longer merit the title 'secret 1

, yet their presence in all standard occult
works, and their virtually unrecognized survival in certain paintings of
an esoteric intent, requires that they at least be touched upon as
pertinent to the theme. My aim has been to record the best known of the
scripts, and, by virtue of the explicit bibliography of sources, to point
the reader to other alphabets, should his interest lead him on tc further
study. Although 1 include only about 50 actual alphabets within the
body of this work, I accumu a-ed in my researches over
I .100 which T
originally considered worthy of inclusion, and yet/ when it cane to the

business cf seating these down, it seemed merely an offence to the
patience of the reader, and carried too far into a relatively obscure
specialisation. The short ftCemmt of the two basic classes of Eurupean
scripts - thtf HEBRAIC SCRIPT and SECRET SCRIPTS - will at least serve as
a sort of introduction to this fascinating field, and Ocviates any
elaboration here.
Not only was it not advisable for me to deal with all known secret
alphabets, but also it proved impossible to deal thoroughly with each
individual script. Generally I nuve ches&n on« sample alphabet, even

though in almost every case several variants are known to exist. For
exarapie, the entry en RUNES is as long and thorough as space permits, yet
T did riot even touch upon the derivative secret scripts, or the
cryptographic use oE runes - hence, 1 make no mention of the Lent runes
or the branch runes, which a thorough treatment would have to include.
f
Equally, 1 have not included the numerous eo(te* or Tarxuric: alphabets,
such as the stbasht In which the first letter of the alphabet is
substituted fcr the last letter, Che second for the penultimate, and
sc or*, or the common Albam or Av$ad, based on letter substitutions. Such
systems, whilst quite certainly used in secret writings, and on magical
amulets, are only distantly related xo occult symbolism. On similar
grounds I have not included any of the cryptic writings connected with
oCiEstria, a system of word exchange based on numerical values, nor the
traditional NotMrikon t based on the abbreviation :>f words to the initials
cf those words (and sometimes Le the final letters cf those words! giving
rise to puzzling secret scripts.
14
INTRODUCTION
The main body of this dictionary, conprising the alphabetical

entries, is designed to compress a 1 arqe amount cf useful information Into
a small spaeu, and towarcs this end each entry follows a schema designed
to classify and explain the individual siuils.
The hanging catchword in capitals is a heading, which generally
indicates thL* object symbolised by the sigil, rather than the nane of the
sigil itself. Wherever possible ^his heading is the traditional name
attached to the object symbolised within the hermetic source from which
it was derived. in some cases, however, it has obviously been

necessary for me to select or invent a name for identification, even
though no indication of the precis© name appeared in the source. In
such cases T have simply used my own discretion, Fcr example, the
choice of the word WRATH for the sigil given by Boehmc ^) might be
reasonably questioner; by -hose unfamiliar with Boehoe's cosmology,
ve~ this word catches mure precisely the theoscphist 's hiah
anthropcaaorjihic vision, than would a word such as DARK cr negative, which
might well be ased to contrast with his sigil for that GuCpouring which
TO calls LIGHT, a;id to which he gives the mi n:>r- image sigil C r
1 have wherever possible used one wurd for the heading, but. this should
not blind dfib to the fact that all occult sigils are multilayer in
moan_ng; for once BLAVATSXY LR77 was Rot being obscure when she claincd
that :oany occult sigils ate intended to be read en seven levels! it is
probably this undoubted septenary nature of sigillic meaning which

tc some extent explains why 1 feel somewhat frustrated in the definitions
I have g-iven many of these sigilHi for virtually every sigil could be the
subJHcL of ar least a paragraph cf explanation, ono in some cases, indeed,
as with suah sicils as the ankh ^f~
thn sphraqls -{- or the monad ^
a w>,o.e book might well be usefully written. The format of the bock has
determined tha^ the meaning of each sigil be dealt with nainiy by
providing u reference - by setting the sigil in an available context -
with bfre resulz that many of the maltilayer connotations and dynamic
spacularions implicit within the sigillic form have been ignored- to
come cases : have even nad to ignore some ot the more Important
bibliographic sources for s-ch ideas, in orde.r to avoid perplexing the
.5
reader with too much complexity of supportive explanation. For example.

It would have been possible to present a deeply esoteric explanation for
the analysis in STEINER 1906 for the sigil for CANCER f$ relating it
to the activity of the soul, and revealing the dualiLy of the sigil as
expressive of a corresponding duality within the soul/ involved with the
power of the soul to construct the physical body. No justice may be
done in brief to STEIN12K 19 Q6, and indeed a thorough treatment of the
idea behind his explanation would take us into a literature as ancient
as Porphyry, as modern as Goethe, In such cases I have restrained
myself, and have substituted in the place of prolix explanation and
bibliographic reference a set of more 'accessible' explanations, in the
hope that the mere bibliographic reference will induce the reader to
further research- This does noL mean, of course/ that the deeply
esoteric has been entirely expunged but it does mean that the esoteric
is merely hinted at, in order to avoid obfuscaticn. The attendant
limitations of explanation are to be experienced especially in connexion
with the sigils from the hermetic Rosicrucian stream, and in the
explanation of sigils derived from such authors as Boehme and Blavatsky,
in which cases my entries are in almost every case virtually apologetic
th umb-nail sketches of profoundly significant occult vision.
Arising from this endemic complexity of the occult tradition has been
my doubt, in some cases, as to how the sigils should be named. This is a
problem which is especially prevalent in the alchemical sections, for it

is in this field that the nomenclature is especially rich. Por example,
the encyclopaedic work of SOMMERHOFF 1701 lists no fewer than 40 different
names for SAT. AMMONIAC, and even more for SULPHUR, and yet 1 was reduced
to presenting such material under one heading. The impossibility of
doing this sensibly in every case has resulted in a degree of duplication
of sigils, and the provision of entries which might be taken - by those
involved in exoteric studies, at least - as the same substance or
conception. Needless to say, T have attempted to avoid the complex
cross-referencing to which this 'endemic complexity' leads, and
wherever possible 1 have used the most well-known traditional name.
immediately after each heading, the entry is prefaced by an
16
t
INTRODUCTION
abbreviation for the class list, the group of hermetic studies in which
rhe sigii is most commonly found. Those abbreviations are:
Ale . Alchumicral
Ast- Astrological
G&o* Geoinantic
Mag. Magical
Oca. Occul
Pal. Paimistic
Rel . Re! iqious
Naturally, it will be found that there is considerable overlapping of

boundaries, especially among the sigils used in rhe astrological and
alchemical contexts, I have tried to avoid confusion, and yet have
attempted at the aanm time to be fairly comprehensive, by using a system
of cross-reference. For example, the astrological JUPITER is referred

tc the alchemical TIN, and the two entries constructed separately , even
though it is understood that the two groups of sigils are frequently
interchangeable.
The AJch&mical group includes by far the greatest number of sigils,
mainly because for almost two thousand years there has been a tradition
of listing sigils and their names, and many such lists have survived- In
order to avoid prolixity, and the mere recording of sigils for the sake
of recording, I have restricted myself largely to compiling these entries
from some twenty or so books and manuscripts which T myself regard as the
best keys to the sigils- Additionally, 1 have exercised my own
discretion as to which sigils to include, rejecting all the dubious ones,
and those without clear or agreed meanings. This explains why I have in
some cases suppressed certain of the meanings from the sigils given in
such sources as THESAURUS 14C, Ccir example/ since a few of these are
illegible or dubious as copies; it explains also why T have not recorded
some of the sigils in the invaluable GE5SMANN 1906, since certain of the
meanings recorded - and indeed, certain of the sigils - are questionable.
T have In almost every case restricted myself to reproducing the sigiis
which have entered In the Western tradition, which has of course meant
that many useful lists have been rejected. This explains why the lists
of Greek sigils preserved so thoroughly by ZUKETTI 1932 have not been
17
incorporated Lo any extent into ny Text, whilst the ether, less

generous lists, from such sources as BFRTHELOT 1885 have been included,
iiqual Ly, the vmat nunbftrs of Arabic, scryptian and Syrian sigils which
may be found in manuscripts and in specialist articles/ have not been
included, save tnose which ^re (perhaps) interesting from the point of
view af graphic etymology, and tilt; forms relating ro astrology, given
by such authors as LUEJY 1928, within a larger study Of ayinboilsn. In
view of this it might surprise the rnader to find so many sigils

wnich have been preserved from The iiebraic tradition/ yet here I would
argue that many of These Sigillic forms have found their way - albeit
unrecognized - into the mainstream symbolism of mediaeval and
Renaissance art. Many of the 'decorations and apparently meaningless -*
'doodl©&' on the hems of fchfi faints' clothing in 3uch works of art

are in fact derived from The orient anc from the Hebraic, in an
'araoism' which would have shotrked many mediaeval artists, had they
recognised '-heir sources! Many of these sigils are obviously
derived from secret alphabets (which Is one reason why I have included
such rextual scripts within the present work), other are more
perplexing, being both difficult to track down and interpret, even when
found alongside forms -nore easily identifiable - as for example along
The Madonna'n hen in Rjpnj^l's Ansidoi Madonna in the National Gallery,
Tendon, only one of which is immediately recognisable as being from lia:
astrological or alchemical Traditions C=j "VI )0^2^ -fN^ Lll ° standard
gil for PISCES ^P which is or course Extremely significant within the

context of the secret strjctare and synibolism of thin puir,t_^nq. On Lht
;>rner hand, fascinating sigil-s for which I was able to determine fl
meaning from a -separate text which was not itself a Western fDttfi,
lea tJ difficulties.
The A&t&Qlt3C[£c&2 entries have received a more thorough "graphic
etymological' treatment than the ethers- This hae beer: possible simply
because extant documenrar.ion permits a clearer picture of "he development
of these sigils to ce constructed. Sur:-i iningly r these astrological
sigiis revea^ graphic etymologies which cenfeund the more popular theories
concerning Their forms. 1 have avoided recording the more irresponsible
IB
INTRODUCTION
and Imaginative 'graphic etymologies 1

which have been accorded many of
the astrological sigilg, yet at the same time X have attempted to give
seme indication of the common idea underlying a particular forn by
recording the popular etymology, even in those cases where T know this
not to be accurate* Thus, 1 have avoided mentioning the imaginative
interpretations of 5UCIIER 1971, and yet have recorded the antiquated
suggestions of AGRTPPA 1510, and even the modern "rationales* hy oach
astrologers as HOKE 1951, Inevitably, in view of the close tie which
used to exist between astrology and astranurLy, one or two or the sigils
recorded for astrology are still in use in a»trcnoi:il cal circles- 1 have
tried, however, to avoir: record! uu the larqc number of abbreviations,
symbols and short-forties which art: used in nodern astronomy, except of
course when these are found also in hermetic sources. Needless to say,
I have refrained from including the astrological sigils accorded highly
specialist meanings in the various sequences of the secret alphabets which
include astrological forms? even so, in one or two cases I have found it
necessary to refer to certain of these, for the sake of clflxity f
as for
example in the entry for ASCENDANT, In a few cases, especially where
the astrological bordered on the purely occult areas, a nuribcr of sigils
are known to me which 1 have not been able to include in the present work
simply because they are not drawn cr reproduced alongside literary
Hxpiar:atio::s. One of the most interesting of such sigils is that found
on the sword blade in the hand of Michael in Piero Sella Fr^ncesca's
famous painting in the National Gallery, Lundcn: °a ° So far as T know,
this sigil has r:c attestation, yet it is extremely important as a symbol

in that it is found frequently in Michael ic imagery. Now, whilst this
sigil Ik net (so far as I am aware) discussed in any of the books on
symbolism, it is quite clearly linked with the concept of Michael as the
leader of the seven so-called Archangels (in fact, in Trithemian lore,
the Secundadeis) which came into Western occultism from the Arabs, hy way
of Peter of Abano. It is, furthermore, a sigil actually described in
extant literature, for the SOHAR SHEHOTH refers to 'Six luminosities
(which) form a circle, surrounding a seventh IVjminosity in the centre 1 f
a description which is precisely reflected in the Michael ic sigil. This
19
DTCTTQNARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
sigil is I inkftd with many occult ideas - with the concept of the
QUINTESSENCE (in that the outer circle is the basis for the h&xaqrammic
sigil of the ELEMENTS: 2^2 ) and iL would be no difficult matter to link
the sigil, via TKITHEM1US 1522, with the 'Seven Ages' or periodicities,
and indeed with many other septenaries. Such sigils I could not properly
include within this Dictionary, in spite of their intrinsic interest to
ne, and their undoubted importance within the esoteric tradition.
The Ccomantic section refers exclusively to the correct use of the word,
and not to anything suggested by the modern popular misuse, Geomancy
properly relates to the art of contacting spirits by means of earths*
stones and minerals, usually in order to predict the future. The
so- called 'geomuncy 1
associated with ley-line studies, which arc so
popular, and bo misunderstood, today f is merely an example of the wrongful
annexing of ar. ancient word which had already a specific connotation und
denotation. The misuse, which is daily on the increase, very probably
arose because those who developed the various ley- ire theories were 1
unfamiliar with the deeper occult tradition, and certainly unfamiliar with
spiritoid prediction. The misuse was thoroughly compounded by a common
failinq amor-g nineteenth-century sinologists in translating the Chinese
term feng shui, a system distantly related to the modern telluric studies
of ley-lines* quite wronyly as 'geomancy'. The traditional geomancy of
Western occultism is a predictive art, involved with contacting spirit
agencies, and it is in this sense that the entries are included in this
text.
The Magical entries are limited almost exclusively to the more common
of the numerous sigils apportioned tc the vast hordes of demons. This
list is short within the present text because i have felt it necessary to
limit demonic activity, for fear it would possess entirely the book. My
aim has been to record only the most interesting sigils, and then only
those for the more infamous demons. I have limited the choice strictly
to those which are simple in form. A glance through the hundreds of
demon siqils in any common grimoire or specialist Lnxt - for example,
SCHETBLF I 84B - will indicate something of the temptations of complexity
and Inutility which I have managed to resisL:
20
INTRODUCTION
^^T^V? <M "1 T^S

are two examples of sigils for aEPKIflTOPHIEL which 1 did not record from
the many supplied by SCUHIBLE 1848. Within this magical section I have
avoided also recording protective sigils, such as talUmans used to ward

off the evil eye, and those designee to attract beneficent farces or
spirits. The majority of these sigils are the equivalent of emotional
doodles, with none of the cosmic significance of true occult sigils. Thoy
are best left in oblivion, and in any cane usually legitimately exclude
themselves from the present context simply because they do not. express
a clear meaning- An exception to this veto is the inclusion of many
early Christian sigils (especially those presented so ably by TESTA 1962)
which were originally either occult or esoteric, and were later quietly
appropriated for magical and talismanic use.
The Occult entries include those sigils which do net fall easily into
any of the other categories, and which still express occult ideas, if
only by virtue of being involved with a graphic system of occult thought
or symbolism. Such consideration underlies the reason why the entry
under CROSS is marked Occ, rather than Rel . , for it is precisely the
occult context which is of Interest to us, rather than Lhe traditional

religious view. It may be found that within this general Occult series
r nave had to exercise more fully than in other sections my prerogative
Lo provide verbal equivalents for sigiLs which w«re not given names by
their originators or recorders, 1 have tried to mitigate the effects ©£
this by providing useful cross-reference.
The Palmistry section is admittedly the shortest, and the sigils within
it might well have been swallowed up by the Occult heading, save for the
fact that Palmistry is not strictly speaking an occult study, even though
the symbols and sigils used in the chirognomical and chiromantic
traditions are derived from occult sources.
The Religious entries are restricted exclusively to those siqils which
are linked with the occult stream in general, or with the hermetic stream
of esoteric Christianity in particular. in making choice of sigils from
21
The vast number available, l have had to exercise ay own judgement,

without giving specific reasons far particular inclusions- For example,
when I record the ancient sigil given by BOCK 1931 as symbolic of CHRIST,
from a qlyph recorded in the tomb of Domitilla t T", / * chase tile sigil
because of its connexion with the Piscaan imagery attached to Christ (see
GETTINGS 1978), and because it combines solar imagery, as well as the
cross, integrated within the mere obvious image of fin anchor. The
neighbouring glyphs in this same source /t (S) could hardly be taken as
symbolic of Christ in that there is no supporting evidence - they are no
doubt esoteric glyphs* and whilst one may make an informed guess at the-li
meaning » one does not actually know what they mean. Tt would not have
been possible to discuss in detail all such choices and rejections in the
construction of this book. One may take it that if a common symbol
which has found its way inco a sigil form is not included in the text,
then tnere may be serious doubts as to the meaning ascribed to it. This
certainly explains why I have rejected so many of the sigils in such a
work as VERARDI 1972, for many of these, in spite of being accorded an
esoteric; meaning in connexion with the trulli art of Albexobel io, really
belong to the exoteric tradition, and in most cases permit quiLe ether
interpretations to those given by VERARDI 1972.
Following the class abbreviation is the actual entry which, without
exception, gives a bibliographic r&f&rencG to the list of literary sources
set out on page 293ff, This reference consists of a word and date. The
word is either tt» name of the author ar a keyword taken from the title
of the work, chosen in order to provide a distinctive reference; the
date is the date Of publication (nor always The first edition), or the
century of compilation. This £ate is not in itself intended to indicate
the antiquity of the sigil given in the reference, but merely designates
an accessible source as a &tafting point for further research. This
explains why certain of the astroioqieal forms, though Graeco-Byzantine,
are recorded by the modern references such as BEBTHSLOT 1855 or NBOGEBAUER
19S9.
This bibliographic reference is provided also as a source-list for
those who wish to pursue more deeply the levels of meaning ascribed to
22
INTRODUCTION
particular sigils, or revealed in various graphic etymologies. This of

course myans that the bibliography has beer* limited to those texts which
record specifically thy sigils, as well as give an explanation or account
of their denotation or meaning. This explains why, for example, 1 have
chosen to quote 3LAVATSKY 1883 in connexion with rhe CROSS symbol ism
without mention of the important RAGON 1B53 {the source upon which
aLAVATSKY J8fi3 leaned), simply because no sigils are given by HAGQK 1B53,
For -similar reasons neither BUHCKHARDT 1958 nor GUEKON 1975, both of
whom deal excellently with th« symbolism of the cross, arc mentioned in
Lhu entry.
Since 7 have determined to include material from texts which give both
a sigil and an explanation for the sigil, I have in some cases omitted
some sigils simply because no graphic torm was recorded in the sources
where the sigils themselves were described, and their meanings given.
For example, if merely the literary traditions had been my concern, the-
ir would have been possible to give the sigil vU under the entry for
ETHER1C, for there exist descriptions of such a slyil !as a 'five-pointed
star') in, for example, BLAVATSKY 1888, associated with the glyph which
I have seen many tintes on ancient remains in Egypt, In its glyph form
the sigil is sometimes shown with the sigil for the Sun J*J?~ and it
would of course have been useful tu record this solar-centred figure, tcr
within the traditional occult casmoyenesis the etherie forces are linked
directly with the sun itself (see for example WACIiSHUTK 1923).
Occultists are aware LnaL this siqil symbolises the e^herlc boay - is
indeed a vestigial drawing of the human ether ic body itself - and in this
connexion had ri profound influence cxi early Christian art.. For example*
the so-called orantes in catacomb paintings are not In fuc:t intended to
show figures in prayer, as most art historians assume, but as BOCK 1931
says, are 'representatives of the departed', being schematic drawings of
the liberated ethcric bcay. However, whilst several good occ;:1l sources
do give descriptions (an:i indeed diagrams) of this symbolic fonu, 1 h*v**
not been able to find a graphic representation alongside a name or *s
meaning* |r
°r tn is reason l have had zc omit tfre siqil from che texi-
with all -hese bibliographic references there is the dangtot th.it in
23
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGHS
simply abstracting a sigil from its context much of the complexity, and
certainly its multi-layer structure, will be lest. An example of this
may bo found in the simple entry under SWASTIKA, the sigil said to be the
oldest of all graphic symbols. The entry deals only briefly with the
meaning of the sigil, yet as BLAVATSKY 1B77 says, 'It is not too much to
say that the compound symbolism of this universal and most suggestive of
signs contains the key to the seven great mysteries of the Kosmos* - a
daunting enouqh thought tor any compiler of sigils. Thus, my biblio-

graphic reference after SWASTIKA is intended to point to some of the
occult depth within BLAVATSKY 1877, and in turn to the various biblio-
graphic references which this author herself adduces.
The inclusion of references under the conditions set out above has of
course led to the use of certain titles which might - and with good reason
* be sneered at by the academic purist- For example* the highly
personalised symbolism of KOCH 1930, who in fact reveals little knowledge
of occult symbolism, has been included because his sigils and meanings,
whatever their merit, have already entered into the bloodstream of occult
symbolism. The same might be said concerning the work of CIRLOT 1962, who
demonstrates little real familiarity with graphic symbolism, yet through
his writings has influenced a whole generation towards a particular method
of interpretation. Natural ly, such imaginative constructions, whatever
their intrinsic value, must be recorded in such a work as this: no good
lexicographer could afford to reject a word from his dictionary simply
because it is sometimes spelled wrongly, or given a silly definition!
It. follows from this procedure that the scholarship underlying my own
researches has had to encompass all levels of academicism, ranging from
the brilliance of NEUGESAUER 1943, who has put Lhfi study of the ancient
sigils on an entirely new footing, to the embarrassment of ALBERTUS 197-1,
who cannot spell even the English names attached to the sigils he lists,
let alone the Latin.
The sigils themselves are listed chronologically by date of biblio-
graphic reference, and then alphabetically within the same chronological
period. in a few cases/ as for example in the entry PLANETARY SYMBOLS,
I have treated the entry alphabetically throughout, in order to avoid
24
,
INTRODUCTION
confusion. It is evident that the date attached to the reference dees
not always indicate the earliest known use of a particular sigLl, even
though in many cases it does give some indication of the period
during
which the sigil was being used with a particular meaning. It is worth
pointing out here that the dating of sigils - particularly occult sigils -
is generally a most difficult exercise. Even in those cases where it is
possible to track down the provenance in a general way, a precise date is
generally elusive. For example, it is possible to indicate the provenance
of the modern sigil for the Sun O as being Italy {perhaps Florence)
round about 1480; yet one cannot determine from available sources whence
this sigil was derived for occult use. My article under SOTAR 1978 sets
out some of the problems regarding this particular sigil, and this may be
taken as representative of the general problem of dating sigils. The
problems which arise in regard to the dating of alchemical sigils is even

more pronounced than with the astrological ones, for these have been
copied and re-copied with more or less care from late mediaeval sources,
many of which are now lost. Generally I have followed in the footsteps
L
of UESSMANN 1906, and have merely indicated that they are mediaeva
' '
even when informed guesswork would suggest that they are much older.
It may surprise the layman that even the relatively modern sigils for
the signs of the zodiac and the planets are difficult to date.
Whilst
one may survey the development of their forms from Graeco-Byzantine

sources, in most cases the modern forms did not appear until relatively
-
late. My own view is that they were promulgated by esoteric schools
perhaps indeed by the School of Chartres and its subsidiaries - but there
is, so far as I know, no certain historical records which
show by whom
or when such work was done. Certainly, the introduction of printing to

if
the West had a profoundly settling effect on the forms of the sigils,
only by virtue of the fact that typefaces generally included the range
of specially cut founts of astrological sigils.
This might have been a convenient point to present a commentary on
the history of the theory underlying occult symbolism, which has a
considerable bearing on the development of the sigils: however, the
sigils themselves have left little space here for such a study, and
25
I mast conrent myself with augmenting the bibliography with certain

relevant works which themselves deal with the history, even though within
specific and somewhat specialised scholastic areas. The development of
alchemical sigillic forms has been treated with reasonable thoroughness
- for example in the excellent works of CROSLAND 1962, CAHBONELLI 1925
and ZURiiTTl 1932. On the other hand/ virtually everything written
around che theory of astrological symbolism does not stand the test of
even the most elementary scholastic; investigation - though such authors
as Brouault 16fi4, Kriegsmann 16G!i, HUET 1679 (whose ideas appear to have
influenced most modern writers on the subject) are worth study. The
theory of occultist symbolism fares only a little better, simply because
those who did know (as opposed to those who pretended to know) wrote
little, and usually about only a few of the sigils. Thus, the excellent
work of BLAVATSKY L888, whilst worth close study, yields few sigils, yet
the relatively imaginative wcrk of XÎIRTH 1927, in which he attempts to
reconcile the tradition of the Hebraic and nee-Platonic Cabbalistic

tradition with the alchemical tradition/ with a view to throwing light on
the 22 major arcana of the Tarot pack, produces many sigils, most of
which are of little real value within the esoteric setting of the sigillic
tradition. In the comparison evinced here, the numerates are perhaps less
important than the qualities of the work involved: BLAVATSKY lfl38 did
know what she was writing about-, whereas WIRTH 1927 did not, yet {such is
the development of such things in popular occultism) it is the sigillic
forms of Wirth which are now more widely spread In our culture/ and even
used by those who should know better.
An entry which gives more information than a mere bibliographic
reference is qenerally intended either to throw more light on a particular
siyil, or to suggest ideas for further research: in no way is such an
entry designed to give a full account of the derivation or meaning of a
sigil* One of the main problems in the approach to occult sigils is that
thn majority of them mean very many things, and in some cases the precise
meaninq may be gathered only from a given nontext- For example/ in the
singLe manuscript I list as ALCHEMY lfebO, the sigil —©~ is accorded three
different meanings - REVERB-IKATTO, EARTH and SALT * and it is only from a
26
'
ItiTRQDtSCTIOft
particular context that one may decide which of these three meaning 6 is
intended by the sigi I -
This problem is further complicated by the undisguised intention of

many alchemical texts to speak in riddles, presumably to the initiated
few. A good example may be found in the alchemical terra ATR, for which
the moat common sigii is a variant on "2^S" The uninitiated might quite
reasonably assume that the name and the sigil refer to the mixture o£
gases in which we are immersed, but a survey of the SHORT LEXICON of
WAITE 1894 will rapidly disenchant him, for this records that 'Eugenius
Phiialethes sails that the air is not an element, hvt a certain miraculous
hermaphrodite , the c&m&nt of two worlds, and a medley of extremes. It is
the sea of things invisible, and retains the species of all things what-
soever. It is also the envelope of the life of our sensitive spirit.
The First Matter of the philosophers is compared to air because of its
restlessness.
Such considerations should rightly lead those interested in matters of

scholarship to exercise caution when consulting this Dictionary, for
there may be no doubt whatsoever that the terns used by the early
occulLists do not always correspond to the meanings we take for granted
in our modern usage*- A perusal of the encyclopaedic SOMT4E3EOFF 1701
will quickly demonstrate the absurdity of assuming that the meanings are
even remotely the same - indeed, a glance at the notes on Venus miarocossd
in the entry under VENUS should indicate some of the difficulties here.
Again, a reading of the entry under PHLEGKA in the text is also relevant,
for it might be reasonable to assume that the phlegma of the alchemists
was that sputum to which we refer when we use. the derivative term, or
perhaps linked with the theory of the humours, and hence tied up with the
rich theories of the TEMPERAMENTS - however, as SOMMEKHOFF 1701 reveals,
this phleyma is an especially important distilled liquid used in the
alchemical search for the Philosopher's Stone, and presumably the sigils
given alongside the name would refer to the alchemical meaning, rather
than to anything merely modern* Thus, in specialist work, where a
precision of meaning is required, it would be as well to consult such a
specialist as SOMMERHOFF 1701, or a similar reliable Lexicon, in order to
27
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STGILS
ascertain the real meaning contained within the sigil, as intended by

those who used the sigil. Specialist requirements apart, however, the
present Dictionary has been designed so that it corresponds to modern
denotations and connotations (the frequent use of the Latin names is
intended as a mute reminder that a strict translation does not always
carry one to the sense intended in a modern usage)/ though naturally
within a field where it is taken for granted that things are rarely
wh*it they seed ho be* It is probably because so many of the ancient
sicils were intended for levels of understanding which are no longer
generally accessible that the complicated diagrams and CO- Ordinations of
algils in such a text as GFHE1ME 1788 are, for all their apparent aim
of setting out Kosicrucian lore, largely incomprehensible save to a few
specialists. Mo dictionary may take into account such refinements and
complications/ and the result is that certain of the explanations of the
sigils are en a level somewhat removed from the levels intended by the
early occultists. A fine example of this loss of meaning may be seen in
the siqil for SULPHUR *^ which may in one context refer precisely to
the element, in another to rhe fixed principle underlying natural
phenomena, in another to the alchemical union of Earth and Fire, and on
another level simply to 'Spirit*. On each of these different levels, the
materiality of sulphur itself (and consequently its sigil) may be related
to one of the Three Principles, the sigils for which are -A y Q the
potentialities emanating from the Chaos of Materia Prima* Such
considerations as these indicate how, in the field of hermetic symbolism

at least, a linear thinking is almost a hindrance to right understanding;
yet the fact is that all classification systems - especially those of a
dictionary - are in themselves linear in form and intention.
It is clear therefore that, the nature of hermetic symbolism beiny
what it is, the need to be usefully simple has led to the sacrifice of a
certain quality of 'inner' meaning. For example, in the alchemical text
"GABISLLA 1615, which is in some respects a model of occult graphic
symbolising, it is difficult to root out the many subtle explanations of
the sigil =h which is termed NuntiuSi and which I have listed quite
simply as MERCURY, in a wild injustice to both Mercury and GAI3ELLA 1615.
28
XHVROOUCTXOS
the
In Lhis sevenLeenth-century Lext the sigil is treated in the manner of
best alchemical texts, which is to say with apparent confusion. The
author's hints and guesses are obviously designed ~o discourage Linear

thinking, and if followed expertly do indeed lead to a series of multi-
dimensional meanings which are very impressive in themselves, though hard
to resolve into a few explanatory words such as would be required of a
dictionary of this kind. The meaning is indeed to be eased out of this
hermetic text, in the process beloved by the tortuous, highly spiritual,
sentient-thinking of the late-mediaeval alchemists. In regard to his
sigil Sunt I us GABELLA 1615 points out that this is the Mercurial Nuncio,
suggesting that it is both a mediator between the solar and lunar farces,
as well as between Lhe solar and the elemental. By subtle choice of words
he indicates that Mercury must contain a dangerous element i-self, in that

it mediates between the volatile .Sulphur and the inert Salt of the
Philosophers, the former being an especially difficult substance to
handle. Since Mercury does partake of danger, it is linked with the
planet Mars, the idea being a visual throwback to a previous sigil which
shows 'Mystical Mars' as a sigil composed of Sun, Moon and the four
Elements ta form related to the MONAD of DEE 1564) . The word chosen by
GABELLA 1615 for Mars is a corrupt form of the Latinised Greek Pyroesis,
obviously intended to suggest the burning nature - a quality which one
would not immediately associate with Mercury, even chough its volatility
is well recognised. Here then, in one paragraph, two or three diaqrams,
and a few literary allusions, one has nuances which link the 'planet'
Mercury with cosmic forces, with the Sun and the Earth, with the
alchemical processes, with the danger of such processes, with inner fire,
and indeed with the whole cosmic question of Martian forces, along with
its well-known undertones of degeneration and regeneration {through its
planetary rulership over the zodiacal Scorpio and Aries). There is no

obvious way in which even an indication ot such subtle 'sentient-thinking'
- almost Chinese in its literary and pictographic allusion - may be
expressed briefly, as would befit a dictionary entry. T have, Lherefore,
stripped merely one idea from this multi-Layer structure, and have left-
only the bibliographic reference as crutch for the reader. This is
29
unfortunately the case for many of the entries, but the very nature of
occultism appears to demand such treatment.
In certain cases 1 may appear to have exceeded ny brief, Cor T have

felt it appropriate to give meanings for sigils which have not been
allocated a precise meaning by an author, but which have been 'explained'
by a further image, sigti or symbolic design. This happens rurely in
the text, but a notable example is from MiCHASLSPACIHER 1616 r who gives
twelve intriguing sigils alongside his images for the constellations or
KodiacoJ signs- For example, the sigil oV-X. is given beneath the*
image for Taurus. These sigils are not explained within the text, but
are in fact meaningful when the zodiacal associations with either
certain alche:n^cal processes cr certain materials are taken into account-
In this particular case, it is true that my entries give three
alternative 'neanings 1
- a zodiacal, a materiality and a process * which
may even be cor-sidered conjectural, but. I leal that this 1h better than
offering no explanation at all for this well-known group of sigils.
I have fait little compulsion to include the graphically interesting
sigils given by such sources as HAKSKWFHATZ 17B7, fox whilst these dc
have the appearance of being 'occult sigils 1
, and are in many respects
derived from the tradition of alchemical symbolising, the system is
designed to serve the new spirit of scientific inquiry, and may therefore
not be considered occult in the sense understood within this present
context. In a s&nse, it has been difficult to determine at what point
one should draw a line between the 'occult 1 and what is merely exotic or
or exoteric symool ismr no doubt my choices and exclusions will not

please every reader, Tn this sense, then, save within the obvious
occulta of literature, especially in those fields relating to Theosophy

or Anthroposophy, and to some of the 'inventions' of K0C1J 1930 or CIRLOT
1962, my study of the sigilla may be said to terminate with the work of
DALTON 1808, or with the like-minded HASSENFRATZ 17fl7. if we seek a
'symbol' of the influence of eighteenth-century rationalism on the
development of sigillic for.us, then wh may see it in the proposal of the
latter author - authors, indeed * who sought to distinguish the 'earths'
by the Aristotelian form S^ and the alkalis, potash and scdas, with
30
I XTRQDUCTTOV
the /i thereby, in the Innocent use of a sigil narking a profound
break with an ancient tradition. This is oy no means the place to make?
a study of the modern symbolism which has attached itself to modern

Chemistry since those days - C30SLAND 1 JG2 has sketched a useful outline
C
of this development - but the fact that I end more or less with DALTON
iaOB in the alchemical realm should not Lead the reader to suppose that
this is the end of the matter for other occult areas. It is worth
observing, inrJe«d, that whilst the alchemical tradition appears wholly

swallowed in the modern Chemistry, until this latter once more discovers
or recalls its original purpose, the sister arts of astrology and its
eutoracing occultism have survived relatively intact, and are both
spawning new sigils and symbols, though admittedly of less validity and
vitality than those promulgated by the ancient mystery centres.
The very nature of the subject has required that 1 exercise a controlled
personal discrimination, especially in those cases where the precise

meanings of sigils are not known - for example, only a few of ths sigils
used on the embroideries of his figures by Raphael are still known to us,
and therefore 1 have included only those which are understood {without
entering into the refined areas of academic polemics) - in the case of the
majority of the sigils for spirits 1 have been especially careful to
record only the most frequent. For example, 1 think that there would be
little purpose in listing the numerous sigils given in TRlTHEyjiUS 1650,

ranging from the relatively decorative ^^ for 1- lle spirit Ca/nam, to
the laconic forms such as I***- for Camiul , ~^~C for *>iSM"s* cr
^y' for CabarieJ - in regard to the secret scripts which abound in
occult manuscripts, I have resisted the temptation to include certain of
the forms, alphabets and sigils which are not strictly occult, even when
these have obviously been designed for purposes involved with what would
nowadays be termed 'black magic 1
. Most of the demonological secret
scripts are virtually the equivalent of private shorthand.
Abcve all, 1 have chosen to be limited in the choice of which sigils
to include by size and complexity, it would have been aesthetically
pleasing to give the large sigils for the demons which appear in curtain
qf the more extensive demonological manuscripts, as far example tho
31
seventy^two spirit sigils from LEMEGETON 17C, of which the following are
fchre£;
Equally exciting would have been the record of the lovely sigils from the
thirty-six dccans recorded in LAMBECIUS I SCO:
CTp— :; -
Unfortunately, the very complexity of their forms render it impossible ro

copy them out on the scale envisaged within the present format and scope-
Exclusion is partly justified in any case simply because the majority of
these are not so much sigils as decorative motifs or designs. One feels
that in such exclusions due to size it is the Rosicrucian sigils which
have suffered especially, as a glance through such a text as GEHEIME 1788
will confirm. Thus, even the ROSY CROSW itself was almost rejected
as a sigil, for even the most simple form of the rose at the centre of the
cross is graphically complicated. Reluctantly, I have also excluded the
occult images in FREHER 1717, for these are highly pregnant symbols,
verging aimcst on the domain of symbolic devices, rather than sigils, an<3
whilst it would have been useful to give a record of this worthy summary
of Boehme's cosmoconception, the present format precluded this. Natural y
a sigil may range In size from a mere dot to the elaborate design of the
LAMBECIUS 1500 decanates just reproduced, and this has meant that there
has had to be some fine borderline at which a sigil is included or
rejected because of size, I have been somewhat eccentric in regard to
t-his borderline, and have not felt it necessary to explain myself, except
in terms of what I consider to be useful within the expressed aims of this
dictionary. For example, whilst the very sizes of the sigils given by
32
I tfTKODUCTlOti
'
BEHTHBLOT 1887 for the so-called 'mystic drawings' from Greek sources,
which no doubt were intended tc represent alchemical operations (perhaps
analogous to our own atomic equations) nas Led to rejection
I have none the less included the large and relatively complex sigil for
SCOKP10 from the mediaeval Italian source given as LUCCA 17C OJ-^C and
many variants of the sigils for fixed stars, such as those listed in
Appendix 2, page 316/ from AGRIPPA 1531-
A nother factor I have had to bear in mind in regard to the question of
inclusion and rejection is that of utility* Had 1 recorded sigils merely
because they are 'occult', without reference to nodern needs, then there
would have been no end to the volumes of this book. I have been very
selective in terms of what 1 feel is needed by a fairly specialist reading
public. B*or example, following what I imagine to be the needs of a
modern render, I have rejected almost ail the fascinatinq sigils in
KIRCHER 1655, quaint and imaginative as they are - these sigils would
be of value only to a specialist in seventeenth-century transcriptions
of foreign alphabets* ideas and occulta, far removed from the traditions
with which we are dealing here. In any case, such a specialist would
be sufficiently familiar with KIHCUER 1655 not to require the aid of
a dictionary, save in the questions of minutiae, in view of such an
important exclusion, it might be argued that I have included some material
which is dubious. For example, an alert reader might argue that the
sigils Eor the lunar mansions which 1 do include are not in fact sigils,
but merely visual guides or mnemonics, for those who sought to locate
the areas along the ecliptic. They might argue, for example, that the
form I give for VENTER ARTETIS, the second mediaeval lunar mansion,
is ::ct in fact a sigil, hut three stars along the ecliptic, delta Arietis
(sometimes called flutein) , epsiion and zeta Arietis, Such an argumenr

would be supported by an examination cf the night sky, and also Cy the
tact that the twenty-first mansion, called D&sertum (by a delicate twist
33
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT r HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIG1LS
of irony, Al Baldah, 'the City 1 r is the Arabian manzil equivalent)/ is
given no sigil by the source MANSTONES I4C, and is merely located between
the mansions PASTOR and TRE35. No doubt the origin of these curious
sigiis - if indeed they are sigiis - must be sought in the distribution of
the fixed stars which nark the entrances to the twenty eight mansions -
ir. markka contrast to Lhe sigiis for the signs and constellations.
However, certain lists, as for example that given by ABANO 1303 , show
that early attempts were made to originate or preserve sigiis for the
lunar mansions, as though for nagical purposes probably involving simple
amulet construction.
TL is especially in regard to sigiis known to be derived from ancient
texts that I have exercised discretion/ since many of these have now
little value* and in the majority of cases their precise meaning and
application have been lost. Thus, many of the Greek sigile liwted in
such sources as FRESNE 1638 or OMONT L893 have been rejected. Not only
have many cf the ancient sigiis names which are obscure in application/
and even the subject of remote academic argument, but aisc the names have
frequently no known application within occult contexts. For example, the
sigil ^\ given under the -name 'Arc ok v pot which may mean 'a firebrand', 'a
blister', or 'a chilblain 1

, which may ha a mistake for the AitokAiwa.
which is an astrologies term far a sign preceding a nodal centre, may
as a sigil be taker: as a close relation to the Greek form of DAIMOK -
such considerations would ;e^ri more tc confusion than clari M nation in an

encyclopaedic entry, on the other hand, certain sigiis which have
survived* but which refer to ideas no Longer used or understood in occult
contexts, have an antiquarian or paiaeoglyphic interest. for example*
the sigil recorded by OMONT 1394 for th* pars called S&iV&w , for which
the sigil is $ had a wide application as one of the important v<Aopoi
in Greek astrology: this sigil has been recorded for its antiquarian
interest even though it rfifurs to an idea long r"jll**n out of us« by
astrologers.
Th« problem of meaning ' is especially acute in the ancient texts, and
in some cases it is possible lo form an approximate idea of rhe particular
occult significance of a sigil only frcn tho farm of that sigil itself.
34
th 'product row
For example, The Greek toraiSûobc^ recorder! hy OMONT 1894 , has itself a
very wide application, meaning in general 'an assembly 1
or 'meeting'*
and it hag specialised use within grammatical , fiscal and even sexual
contexts. The Greek sigil attached to this name Q& is a compound oE
Greek forma for Moon and Sun, and these leave one in no doubt that a
sy2yqy is implied, even though this could relate to the astrological
aspect of conjunction or opposition, and even though it is possible that
the sigil was intended to express a synodic relationship between -he two
luminaries, ae these periods were of great importance to the Greek
astrologers, and relate to certain 'mystic numbers' attached Lo the
planets. More specifically, the sigil could reEer t© the rretonic cycle
of 19 solar years, 235 lunar months, or to the 25 so-cal led 'Egyptian
years 1
of 409 lunar months. An attempt to arrive at a true understanding
of the original meaning of the sigil is beset with difficulties beyond Che
capability of the merely academic mind/ and such a sigil may be recorded
for purely antiquarian reasons. At times, however, specialist knowledge
may unravel the meaning oE certain sigils otherwise lost to us so far as
meaning is concerned. For example, the word fcXvjPP\ for which the sigil
(more precisely, abbreviation) K^ has been given, has a meaning both
within a magical connotation, involved with eleromancy, and within a
specialised astrological meaning, relating to the rnodem conception of
pars {for example, the kXvjp^ tu^yk is the equivalent of the Arabian pars
fortunaa) , and it is from the astrological contexts recorded by scholars
such as FRESKE 168B Lhat one is led to ascribe an astrological meaning to
the Higi I . More generally, however, it is impossible, without extensive
palaeographic study, to determine the particular application, and only a
q^neral hint of meaning is possible, with the result that it would be

quite fatuous to inclade the sigil in a dictionary of this kind. Against
this, it mus~ be admitted that certain sigils with distinctive names have
not been considered worthy of inclusion simply because their definitions
are unknown, and their application within an occult context unclarified-
In relation tc the Greek and Latin texts in particular, 1 have tried
to avoid recording mere abbreviations, on the principle that this is
supposed to be a dictionary ot sigils. Naturally, this does not Wean
35
that 1 have excluded those abbreviations which are clearly intended to
rank as sigilla (as for example the Greek siqil </ just mentioned) , und
those sigils which are clearly derived from abbreviations, as for exaiuplc
the forms recorded under ASCENDANT, This rule has ied to the exclusion
of certain farms which historians might regard as sigils, and the
inclusion of others which other historians might regard as being merely
abbreviations- For example, from Lhe Greek collection recorded in
BEKTHKLOT 188b I have included both At\ a::d ^ which in my opinion arc
sigils/ even though derived from the the Greek terms M*y^*"^ and A^f vn><y
Such exclusions ana inclusions have been determined ultimately by my own
personal opinions.
It goes without saying that I have not thought it necessary to insert
sigils which have been preserved in erroneous form, it is unfortunately
no rare thing for siqils, and indeed whole batches of sigils, to be

printed in reverse from copperplate, or to be given upside-down by
careless printers. For example, the second line of Divine Letters in
AGRIPPA 1531 was printed upside-down in WHITEHEAD 1B97, producing a

series of magical formulae with which no ancient occultist was ever
familiar. BARRETT 1801, an indefatigable and extremely careless
recorder of occult lore, managed to get a line or so of his geomantic
figures upside-down, and inevitably these have been recorded by certain
later dubious 'historians'/ who have never bothered to examine primal
BOuro*&Si or are unaware of the graphic theory underlying the construction

of such sigils,
I have made one or two important and necessary exceptions to this
general rule- For example/ T have recorded the mistakes made by HEYDOK
1664 concerning certain of the geomantlc spirit sigils, which he copied
wrongly from AGRIPPA 1531 (see for example AMNIXTEL or SORATH) / and in
turn I have recorded the mistake of AGRIPPA 1531 in regard to H7RCUS-

Such inclusions, against the general rule, were required because these
wideJy published mistakes have themselves been adopted as the correct
forms as a result of the industry and ignorance o£ later copyists.
The few appendices commencing at page 314 have been included in order
to present the general reader with a synoptical view of the development
36
INTRODUCTION
of the more frequently used sigils. Especially interesting is the

development of the astrological sigils for the zodiacal signs and
planets, which may be studied from the selection given from four
mediaeval manuscripts in comparison with the 'modern' forms preserved
by AGR1PPA 1531, and given an apparently accidental imprimatur by the
printing press. Of antiquarian interest is the comparison which may
be made between the alchemical sigils taken from WDRLIDGU 1651 with
Che neo-alchemical forms presented by BERGMANN 1785,
Occultism being what iL is - a personal, if not to say heretical,
approach to life - I have taken fox granted that the redder will
be either specialist enough* or interested enough, ho make this dictionary
his own by extending it. Towards this end, a number of blank sheets have
b«en bound into the text, after the INDBX OF SIGILS, at page 4lO. I hope
thai the personal efforts of the reader will be such as to remedy the
omissions and defects which the book doubLless promulgates. The very
manner in which this text was constructed has determined that mistakes
should occur. For technical reasons i was required to type out
the text personally and then insert by hand the sigils which T had
collected: it is inevitable that in such laborious transcribing of forms
- in some cases, three or four times, between manuscript or book, and
the final entry within this text - errors should have crept in. The
trials and tedium of the index system - which in its very extent makes
this Dictionary unique - must also have led to unobserved errors which
will be far from unobservabl e to those who use the text frequently.
If I may excuse such errors in advance, and perhaps deflect the darts of
criticism, let me say that all the deficiencies are due merely to lack
of scholarship, and in no way arise from Irick of love for the subjects
Tf this truth is held in mind* then my intentions will be misinterpreted
only by what Crollius termed 'the wrong kind of people 1
, from whom the
ancients in any ease sought to hide the true meanings of their sigils,
Jie in pravorum notitiam tfevenirent. A more important truth Is
expressed in the words of Carlyle which BLAVATSKY 1.888 chose to head her
chapter on * Symbolism and Ideographs 1
: A symbol is ever, to him who has
eyms for it f som& dimmer or ciear«r r&v&latJon ot the Sod-liko*
37
ABS-ACI
ABSORBENT EARTH Ale. GEOFFROY 1718 JTTi DIDEROT 1763 -^7-
AB5TRACT See DISTILLATION and SEPARATE
ABYSS Occ. Slgil given by HOMER 1723 O with $ as alternative,

indicating chaos coniusum, the first of the ten links ir. the so-called
Golden Chain, presumed to be linked with the three elements within
Boehme's first Divine Outpouring (sec GRAY J 9'52) .
HOMER 1757 & LAW 1772 ©

See also CHAOS* and HOLY DEITY.
*
ACETUM See VINEGAR
ACBXMESS Ash. Mediaeval sigils for the binary alpha Virginia, sometimes
called Arista or spica, given by HERMETIS 1 3C )"t"vi
—
-''
and EVANS
1922 *J"X"Hy
—V Ln a form adopted as a variant for the modern sigil
SPICA,
ACID Ale. LUEDY 1928

DIDEROT 1763 gives the sig l : ^JJ for 'marine acid', which is
probably derived from that given by GEOFFROY 1718 foi 'acid of sea
salt'; )0 GEOPFROY 1718 gives the sigilf-" -^ for acidic. 1
SCHEFFRRS 1775 gives the sigil -H© for Acidum Salis; -j-p- for
Acidum fluon's mineralis,- o-\ -o for Acidum Arscnici ; -\-£$) Acidum
39
DlCT10x\'RRY OF OCCULT, IIURHBTIC AMD ALCI1EMTCAL SIGILS
sacchari ; -H '
\ Acidum urinae or Phosphor i ; "Tt~ Acidum formicarum
and the sigil -?^ for Acidum acreuni [but see CARBON DIOXIDE) .
The sigil for Lavoisier's Acide Nitreux is recorded by CROSLAND 1962 04-
See also ACIDUS and AQOA fc'ORTIS.
ACIDUS Occ. Sigil given by HOMER 1723 for 'corporeal acidic aspect of
the Spirit of the World (Anima Mundi) ' ; CD the third of the ten
links in the so-called Golden chain, presumably linked with the three
elements within Boehme's first Divine Outpouring (see GRAY 1952).
ACIEL Mag. SCHETBLE 1848 gives two simple variants (among several
complex slgils) for this demon: -J ^-°
ACQU1SITI0 See AQUTSTTIO
ACTIVE Occ. CIRLQT 1.962 gives the sigil to represent 'the active,
dynamic principle' . KOCH 1930 gives for 'active intellect'.
J
ADAMAS Hag. A sigil given by SIGNA 17C among a list of precious

stoneSf to be interpreted as diamond or adamantine C^3-' Almost
certainly it is the quality of 'hardness' which is intended.
0N0MAST1CUM 1574 Q>
ADAMIC SCRIPT Occ. One of the numerous SECRET SCRIPTS derived from the
Hebraic tradition of alphabets (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT), but adapted for
the Soman alphabet. The version below is that recorded by CHRISTIAN
1870, with variant characters by RIVIERE 1938:
% a n
a l) c (i
•A
h J .k 111. 11
hf 3 T IT y jb ^ 3 > ^rp
5 Vi 3> TfJ oy I? $ i "2T 3
o p q r S I 11 V W X V 7.
ACI-AGA
This script is almost identical with the Raphaelic script.
ADATIEL Mag. Two of the more simple sigil forms for this demon are
recorded by SCHE1BLE 1848: 'n4 *"
C^"^
ADNACHIEL Mag. Mediaeval variants for the 'angel' of Sagittarius,

given by BRAHE 15B2: -^ °
\J(
-\,
See SPIRIT OF SAGITTARIUS
AERUGO Ale. Verdigris 'specifically from copper' is given the tour

sigils ^- \2 ES by SCHNEIDER 1962, but these are almost
certainly a confusion with traditional sigillic forms for AIR.
AES See BRASS, COPPER and CRUDE METAL
AESTAS See SUMMER
AES USTUM Ale. Sigils are given under a variety of alchemical names,
such as Burned Brass, Burned Copper or Crocus Veneris. ^
ONOMASTICUH 1574 HE 3 WORLTDGE 1651 -*- ?> I ^
CROLLTUS 1612 i > — <&""£ CROLL1US 1670 ^ 7~
ALCHEMICAL 1671 Jf- VALENTINE 1671 $. 0>-€
FRESNE U88 =8 % ^~* ALCHEMICAL 17C ?-) i i
SIGNA 17C 9, V C^^^XAf^^S -

SOMMERBOPP 1701^$ 'f<
cT^
DIDEROT 1763 J^- 9 £ &-C
POISSON 1891
GESSMANN 1906 (9 -? ^ <JX> "+£ °^ ^>
?o ^f ^ +£
CARBONELLT 1925 f I.UEDY 1920 "td^
SCHNEIDER 1962 J ?-o See also CROCUS MARTIS.
AES V1R1DE See VERDIGRIS
AGATE Mag. Mediaeval sigil for the semi -precious stone, soir.et.iir.es
called Acnas«s or Achates, recorded by SIGNA 17C:
II
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL S1GILS
AGIEL Mag. This is the presiding intelligence of Saturn (along with

the spirit ZAZEL) , but the sigil given under this name by HEYDON 1664
is intended to represent the letter A in the secret 'Alphabet of
Angels and Genii': v \j»
AGNI See TEJAS
AHENUM Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 Q ^ LUEDY 1928 © <^

SCHNEIDER 1962 ^ © ^$
AIR Ale. The most common sigil for this 'second element" is A but
this is by no means representative of the mixture of gases we know to
today under the name 'Air': in the esoteric tradition, Air is, as
WELLING 1735 puts it, 'The Spiritual and Invisible Air which existed
before the descent of Lucifer' : the Occult Air. A modern sigil is
given by DE VORE 1947, within an astrological context: = whilst a
'cabbalistic' form is recorded by SHEPHERD 1971: S There are very
Siany mediaeval variants, of which the following are the most common:
ALCHEMY L650 ^ -r-> KIRCHER 1655 TiTT T
TABLE 1676 tf CROLLIUS 1670 2^
FRESNE 1680 "Z^r ALCHEMICAL 17G Pv TJ
SHELTON 17C A. SiGKA 17C -*V dft £ O
SOMMERHOFF 1701 A r
*l ^Z^ & *$* **
-ff
D1DLR0T 1763 © •-£-• GEHEIME 1795 A 3
GESSMANN 1906 v_s \ ^. ^^ fF? SCHNEIDER 1962 T|

WALTER 1570 A/
See also ELEMENTS
AIR HAND Pal, Sigil originated to serve modern chirognoray, intended to

denote the male Air hand font, given in GET7TNGS 1965:
The female Air hand forir. is represented by the sigil: ^
ATR TRIPLICITY Ale. Whilst in practical terms any of the sigils ir. the
forms intended to denote AIR may be vised to represent the astrological
42
AGI-AI.B
Air triplicity (Gemini, Libra & Aquarius), AGRIPPA 1510 gives a

composite sigil derived from the sigillic forms most frequently used
for these zodiacal signs: £hvvL
AKASA See AKASHYA
AXASHYA Occ. Sometimes called Asasha or Akasa, this is without doubt

the oriental equivalent of the European invisible 'fifth' element, the
QUINTESSENCE ( s«e BLAVATSKY 1888): O The sigil is described as
r
a transparent white circle with dots'/ the latter representing chhidra,
holes or spaces in substance- A sigil is given by AVALON 1919 (©)
and is associated with the Visuddha or throat chakra.
PERSONAL 1980 «
ee ETHliHIC and QUINTESSENCE
ALABROTH Ale. Sigil given in ONOWASTICUH 1574, the substance being

described as a 'sweet salt". \D
ALA CORVI Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the double star delta Corvi some-
times called Algorab, given in HERKETIS I3C J-^-<£ A variant of
this sigil was given by AGRIPPA 1510 and printed in AGRIPPA 1531, with
slight variations in a form which is now regarded as standard in
European occultism: 1
5—O^
ALAYOCU Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the fixed star alpha Aurigac, some-
times called H1KCUS, Amalth&a and CAPELLA, given by HERMETTS
which records also a related variant:
1
ALBUM Ala* Sigils for 'whiteness' or 'paleness , sometimes also used
for 'white of egg 1
.
ALCHEMICAL 17C _p 5TGNA 17C ^J\_J

See alsc ALBUMEN
ALBUMEN Ale. Generally this sigil was restricted to 'white of egg' oj
'ol.iir'.
4}
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STGTLS
FRANCKLYK 1627 9"3> ALCHEMY 1650 t& © J°

EHELTON 17C (£t GESSMANN 1906 2*^ J£
SOMMERHOFF 1701 IT <Jy © O
ALB US Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantic figures, for which
a multitude cf variants (dots, stars, floral devices, etc.) is used in

4 t
the same four-fold arrangement V Albus is linked by AGRTPPA 1531

with the element Water, the planet Mercury, and the zodiacal sign
Cancer. The following sigils are derived from late-mediaeval sources,
and are sometimes jsed to denote the planet MERCURY, as for example
in TaiTHBMIUS 1503,
AGRTPPA 1531 S S 3 2 *5T
KEYDON 1664 £^£
See also ALBUM
ALCAL1 See ALKALI
ALCAL1CUS Occ* Sigil given by HOMER 1723 as 'corporeal alkali' of

the eternal becoming of God, the fourth in the ten links of the
so-called Golden Chain, associated with the second (female, creative,
expansive) of Boehrae's Divine Outpourings {see GRAY 1952): ©
ALCHEMIST SCRIPT Oca. A large number of apparently unrelated secret
scripts called 'Alchemical alphabets 1
have been preserved in occult,
and alchemical texts, the general idea being that sigils normally used
to denote substances or processes art* substituted for the letters of
the alphabet. VIGNERE 1586 records a fairly typical example, which
is given here, along with a number of variants to it from 5ELENUS it>24
a b c (1 c 1
% li ' J k 1 111 n
O
1
e C 6 3
|
<€H 4> o\ 2 -o b
fa U n 3€ X X 1
l_ X CO \l>
o |> q s ( u V \V X V /
44
ALH-ALD
c e ii k i in n
a 1) *? .i
ê- G $ 9 e
m O" n •Jf ^ "1
1
*
o p fj I s I II W X v z
The following three, all preserved by SOMMERFQFF 17C1 are again fairly
typical of these scripts, combining astrological and alchemical sigils
apparently without any real feeling for 'meaning' or secret symbolisra:
m
;i I) { i i"
ir
h ii
a
. i k
A
1
P V
11
oC o c S ? \X/ t> <* IT!
v P 5 3 £ X c\j
& ^JH:
O p q r s n V W X y z
k n
a h c (i
uî £ ll .1
I in
^s 3* I s cf 31"
^ tT n^
G ? rf m PI
•> (X ^X x $
<) i' s I 11 v w x v z
b. c <l e r fl" h i k 1 in ii
A u L d G 4 9 I -w- 2) V -ji- D
J> "3
z a ftO -\r J> Wy }f 9?
o s Ll V \V X v z
i> 'i
See also SECRET SCRIPTS.
ALCOHOL Ale. A Qigil is given by KOCH ig30 F though without a stated
source: ^=0+- SCHNEIDER 1962 gives the sigils ^ Â for
spiritus vini recti ficatlssimvs, but see SPIRIT OP WINE.
ALPF-RARAN Ast. HERMET1S 1 3C gives the sigil for alpha Tauri : J^T
45
ALEyBIC Ale. In esoteric alt:herny, Lho synibcl is used for the human
physical body, ir. which the Grear Wcrk of transmutation takes place;
in exoteric alchemy, the tern refers to The vessel used for the process
of distillation, Th£ latter meaning is probably int«naed by the
fallowing mediaeval sigils;
ALCHEMY 1650 ~~j~ VRLKMTEHB 1G71 XK £^ 4 3 ^ ^f
SZGKA 17C ^ ^ ^<^ SOKMERHOFF 1701 >X ^ # ^
GESSMANN 1906 £/ Zfe SCHNEIDER 1362 <<Tî
ALEPH Occ, The first leLLer of £h« Hebrew alphabet, for which very
man? derivatives have been compounded within the tradition of secret
SCRIPTS, amongst which a selection from BARTOLOZZT 1675 may be regarded
us the mosL well known: *\> &* *>^^ Eett "°wever
£&± 4 °^tT^
HUBRAIC SCRIPT- The letter and its sigil derivatives have been used
generally to suggest, the idea of 'beginning*. W1RTH 1927 equates
&leph with the first arcanum of the Tarct pack, uhe JUGGLER, and thus
with zodiacal Taurus, The constellation Orion, and with rhe Mercury of
the Alchemists* He truces a graphic etymology with the forms which
demonstrate a vestigial bull's head, or that of an Ox: ^C. 5^ ^s J^-
ALKALI Aio* ONOMASTICUX 1574 ZL'

KOCH 1930 4^, SCHNEIDER 1962 CQ g ^£ Xj
See also SAL ALKALT
ALKANKT Ale. Sigilw recorded from Greek manuscript; by RSR7HEL0T 1885,

for 'dyer's bugles a' : -^ ^f The sane source gives a relatari
sigil for Laodician Alkan&t:
ALL THINGS See HOLY DSlTY
ALPHA GCC« A variety ox sigils used from early Christian times* and
based on the firsc letter of the* Greek alphabet, generally intended to
convey the idea of 'creative beginning 1
and frequently used conjointly
with OMEGA, '-he end of all tilings*! A /0\ X\
Xany related sigils have beer, adopted for Christian use, with graphic
46
—
ALE- ALU
etymological roots which go back to pre-Christian traditions. TESTA
1962 records a series of sigils from such early Christian sources, all
of which are related to the- alpha /\ A h\ A a scries which
culminates in the form of the triple alpha, symbolic of the Soly

Trinity: ?\ £\
See also MORTAL ADAM
ALPHABETS See SECRET SCRIPTS
ALPHECCA Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the fixed star alpha Coronae
HERMETIS 13C:
soreaiis, sometimes called Alfeca and ELPHEIA, civer. by
V-T""^ A variant from mediaeval sources is recorded by
EVANS 1922 under the (erroneous) name Lucia corona zcorpioiu s :
â^j
entered
From such sources AGRIPPA 15*31 derives his sigil which has
the European occult stream: ^'X
ALTAMECH ASt. Mediaeval sigil for the fixed star alpha Bootis,
sometimes called Arcturus and Alchawth, given by KERMETiS
13Ci
p^
EVANS 1922 records a mediaeval versicr.: W*^ L
entered
Prom such sources AGRl?Pft L531 derived his sioil which has
the European occult stream: £__1
An enormous r.uaber of sicils fox '-his mineral salt, has

Ai.UH Ale.
survived from mediaeval times, of which those reproduced from a
mediaeval manuscript by CARRONELL: 925 are the most wiuely used in
Che alchemical tradition: & u-i o ^ ®
WORLIDGE lkS\ H O J? CROLLTIIS 1612 £j
ALCHEMV 1650 U* © tf° -© CROLLIUS LS70 '5

VALttNTTKS 1671 £5 /"A - . ^- -
ucbbucu . P 2-.V A JT» rA, j-i. SS
5- 1
-fir
,
-t- -A n
i7c
© ® •* 3" ® CD I .E±l
^ <^ 9 &• A *J i ^ ® 6
SIGNA 17C
SCBMEBHOFF 1701 <?J & V
DIDEROT 1763 J e< ^ *^
^ c^ j^ rgv -p- a e>
47
DICTIONARY Of OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGlLS
LUEDY 1928 S^J SCHNEIDER 1962 "J"

JI> Qj Df:zr
See also ALUMEN PLUMEUM, CALCINATED ALUM and POTASH
ALUMEN CALCINATUM See CALCINATED ALUM and POTASH
ALUHEN PLUMBUM Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 °~f jf\ & ~^f-

Sft
SCHNEIDER 1962 ^ j/ <£> |§ © £ ^ vg ^ °f*
ALUMEN SACCHARTNIUM Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 £)
AMALGAM Ale. A large number of variations exist, mainly related to the
four sigils recorded by SHF.LTON 17C S7CS. ^ SIGMA 17C 3S and

DIDEROT 1763 3& The following sigils are mediaeval variants:
AUTHYMIA 1563 j^ VALENTINE 1671 **».°. Jî £
ALCHEMICAL 17C ^ ^ SIGNA 17C ^fe
SOMMERHOFF 1701 ^ "^ *M $\ © DIDEROT 1763 ^
GESSMANN 1906 A ^ J^ SCHNEIDER 1962 °^ |&
AMBER Ale. ALCHEMY 1650 gives two sigils^ Q^ but see WHITE AMBER
and YELIÔW AMBER.
AMBRTEL Mag. The mosL common mediaeval characters for the 'angel' of
Gemini are given by BRAKE 1582: ^ (5~~ ~^0
However, the name is used also for one of the geoir.antic spirits for
which AGRIPPA 1531 gives the sigil QiC and UEYDON 1664: £u
TRITHEMrus 1503 gives a variant: jr
AMEN Rel . Mediaeval sigil recorded by CAPPELLI 19*19: t c it is very

likely that the cross which is so commonly tound on magical invocations
and large-scale sigils was intended to evoke the power of Amen; ^
A'.;K7[;YJT Mag. SIGNA 17C gives the sigil
AMISSIO Geo.Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantic figures, for which
a multitude of variants (stars, dots, floral devices, etc.) is used in
48
ALU-ANG
the same four^told arrangement: ,\ Amissio is linked by AGRIPPA

1531 witli the element of Fire, the planet Venus and the zodiacal sign
Libra- The following sigils are derived from late-mediaeval sources,
and are sometimes used to denote the pianet Venus* as for example in
TRTTHEMIUS 1503-
AGR1PPA 1531 b ft fC &t ft 1 £ £ A &
UEYDON 1664 gives & but this is probably wrongly copied from the
source above.
AMMONIA Ale. Sometimes referred to as volatile alcali, the mediaeval

sigil is recorded by GESSMANN 1906: OH€ Two common sigils are also
used, though these are so ubiquitous, and are intended to cover so
many other denotations and connotations, that they render most texts
obscure- PORTA 1593 gives the triangle /\^ tor example, whilst the
star is also quite common, as for example recorded by CARBONELL1 1925

for SAL AMMONIAC: ^
AMN1XIEL Way. Supposed by HEYDON 1664 to be a geomantic spirit, for
which he gives the sigil Li) bat this is wrongly copied from the
Hebrew of AGRIPPA 1531, who gives the sigil (q for the genius of
LOETTTIA and of zodiacal Pisces.
AMPHORA Ale. Mediaeval sigil recorded by GESSMANN J906 ^Z^
ANAEL wag. The most common mediaeval sigil for the angel of Venus is
given by TRITHEM1US 1503: ^nT^
though in theory any of the common
sigils for VENUS may be used, as for example in S11EPHERD 1971.
BARRETT 1801 confuses this sigil with that for the Archangel
MICHAEL: £\s?^ SCHETBLE 1848 gives several other variants,
including: E^V B» ^>

aS=
&-^ See SPHERE OF VENUS
ANGEL Occ A Greek sigil is recorded by BERTUELOT 1885: J whilst
common mediaeval sigil (an abbreviation, in fact) is given hy

a
CHASSANT 1884 for angelis; ^

KIRCHER 1655 gives the form #A^
49
.
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT , HER&VTIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
whilst OLIVER 1B26 gives the sigil l^j as 'an ancient Egyptian
symbol for the angel' - SUCHER 1975 appears to link the sigll £or
LEO with tho sphere of the Angels, which is traditionally the SPHERE OF
THE MOON: </*
AKGELIC SCRIPT See CELESTIAL SCRIPT
ANGER EGO WRATH
ANGULAR Ast. A modern sigil for this astrological concent is given by

DE V0RE 1947, for both 'angular houses' and 'lingular signs':
AN1MA See SOUL ana ANXMALIfl
ANIMALIA Oca. Sigil given by K0KER 172.1 as tho sixth of the ten iinks
in the so-called Golden Chain: © In the Thcoscphic tradition (see
BOEUME 17.10) the term animalia does not imply brutish, as derived frora
'aninai', but rather soul~enfi) l&d, as fron the Latin artimn in lri»er
theOBOphy the term would refer to a being possessed of an astral body.
GESSMAKN 1906 Z H WIRTH 19 31
ANIMATE WORLD Occ . Sigil given by KIRCHER 1655 under this heading, but
probably the author had in mind the idea of thn ASTRAL WORLD; /^
ANIMUS Rel. A mediaeval contraction is given by CAPPELLI 1949: 1/
ANISE Ale. Mediaeval sigil recorded by SHBLTON 17C: ^

AKKH Occ. Sometimes called anfc and ansstcd cross, it is one of the
~y~
siqils used from earliest times against bUXtentiSBG (see BUDGE 19 }Q) :
DLAVATSKY 18B8 sees it as a fern. DE VENUS ( ^ ) , und claims that it
symbolics 'that mankind and all anlm/i} life had stepped out of the
divine spiritual circle and fallen into physical male and femai&
generation' Additionally, BLAVATSKY 1888 claims that it Ik the
50
ANG-ANT
'sign of life, tfte Jiving? an oath, the covenant*-. rt is the

hieroglyphic: RU ( <Z> P set uprigiifc oj? the Tan-cross', The same
source gives C^T as the earliest Ankh-cross, a loop which combines both
a circle and a cross in one image, and which is called Che Ankh^tie?
the pas** of Siva. TESTA 19&2 gives several forms of the Anfch-
cross, oE which the following three are representative: ^fc *] * 7|\
STEINER IQOG calls the anJeh the Tao, the 'I an:' which streamed through
the whole world in early days.
See also CROSS, ORIGIN and RU,
ANNEAL AJc* In the early alchemical sense, this word was intended to
near- ealdxiate, to 'burn' or 'set on fire', and it is in this sense
that the mediaeval sigils recorded by GESSMANN 1906 must be taken, for
they almost certainly do not relate to the enamelling or encaustic
processns as such: _rw -w^-=> ^^rf c¥? Cn—i '"t"
1
7^ j_ <<£, £$ ?£# f
See also CALCINATE.
AKNULOb See PLANETARY SYMBOLS,
ANNUS See year
ANNUS P1IIL0SOPHICUS Ale* SOMMEKHOtV 1701 records that the 'Phi losophic
year 1
is actually an ordinary month - a 'mens!.* vulgaris* f for which he
record the sigils; -8-+ *^6T-i (33) jpjjg
See MONTH and YEAR
ANTAKEli See COR SCORPION'S
ANTIMONY Ale- A large number of sigils lor the stibium of the early
alchemists has survived, and a list of frequently used forms is
reproduced by CARBONELL1 1925; V '7
~*
''**T ^
ALCIIYMTA 1563 S WORLTDGE 1651 "$ *0

ALCHEMY 1&50 ^ ^ t^: -&* **i C30LLTUS 1670 <>
ALCHEMICAL 17C <*> SHELTON 17C g^ "^
51
C
SIGNA 17
GESSMANN 1906
:
^ 4^" ^ J g Cj DIDEROT 1763 Q
9- >t c-f © © &i as m ^ **¥ ^/ cp 5 >^ ^<#
LUEDY 1928 /I2l
SCHNE1DEK 1962 gives the sigilc ^p "rp" L, ^ for ancimoniura spa>jyricc
pracparatuia - a specialist alchemical form/ perhaps - for which
SOMKERHOFF 1701 records a lacge number of forms, not very different
W^
from those 'jsed for simple 'antimony '
Si: S/ o ^ /Vy<\ „^C Ala
V
--
S £f=b X" ^r ? $ -£ t? ->^ ^

A Greek sigil is given by BERTHELOT 1865: (j
ANTIMONY FL0W3RS Aic. ;^;:-:mant: i '"h ... * fi^ <^ S

AKTTMONY GLASS Sen ANTIMONY VTTPUM
AWiTMOKY ."CHNKTDFR 1962

flKPAR /lie.
$
ANTIMONY REGULUS AIC F3ANCKLYN 1627 § ~§
SOMMERBOET 1701 K § "F\ ^P
GBSSMAKN 190G *^T "§ IsT f^- SGHNEIOEK 1962 ^=f
ANTIMONY VITRUM JUC. SOMME3HUPF 1701 O "X" c^" O K ^ ^

GESSMANN 1906 j§ ^^ (£)
APADIEL Wag. Mediaeval sigil for the demon, given by SCHETBLE 1848 4-r
APAS Occ . Siqil for the tattva which Eorws the ma nife station of rhe
Third Logos on the Astral Plane (see IJOl'LT 1910): AVALON 1919, who
records the sigil, says that it is White In colour: ^^ This is The
oriental equivalent of the esoteric water element, and is associated
with the svadhishthanx or Spleen ch&Kra.
APOLUD Ast. A sigil given hy TUIERENS 1931 for the esoteric planet,
which he distinguishes from the common sigil for the SUN (Helios): j
52
, - :
ANT- AQC J
AK>LLONIAN SCRIPT Occ* A late-mediaeval secret alphabet which has

been recorded in a number of versions, as for example that given by
VIGNERE 1586 to a Greek alphabet {the claim that it was the script of
Apollonius of Tyana is of course entirely suppositious)
A r a. E Z H K A M (V
XX V c 3
jc r^fi^ T "
TT T * -+r JX
A version constructed to the- Roman alphabet by RIVIEKE 193 B is worth
recording for it shows the dependence upon the earlier form:
a 1> c (1 e r h i k 1 in ,
n
,
ff J 1
(*/ rf n £ z J> ri £\&

X 4* r J* %. 2 7° -=
l) (I r S i u V \v X y z
T6 ®
XL H^ e
AÛA See WATER
AQUA FOEl'lDA See AQUA MERCURTT
AQUA FORTIS Ale* A large number of mediaeval sigile have survived, but
usually these consist of a graphic play with either A or F, or with the
single letter F and the common sigil for WATER ( ^7 )
ONOMASTTCUH 1574 Y< FRftNCKLYN I G27 Ê

ALCHEMY 1650 $ kA c7l CROLLlUS 1670 ^
ALCHEMICAL 17C Vfr £& _L U^ A SEELTON I7C V"
SIGNA 17C ^f ^ ^©^
SCHNEIDER 1962 £^3
SOMMERHOFF 1701 records a number of sigils for a formula for aqua
53
. .
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, UEHMhTIC A!W ALOIEKICAL SIGILS
Ottta simplex: \f &<f ^ g

<£ o
« \»- 2|. %££ tJ Z?
4 ^ EP S* & $ 4^ £ §
GESSMAKN 190G
AQUA MESCURII Ale. SOMMRRIHOFF 1701 records the following siqils

Lor aqua foetida: J^f, -0*^^ Jg, 5^
AQUA PLUVTALTS See RA1M WATER
AQUA REGIS Ale. A largo number of mediaeval sigils has survived, but
the majority of these consist of a graphic play with the letter R and
the most common sieil for water I \7 )
ALCHYXTA 15fe3 o-€~" .'. ALCHEMY 1650 <^ -=^/-
VALEKTIKE 1671 \3 SHFXTON 17C %° „"«,.
STGNA 17C V* SOMHERHOFF 1701 'A> £$& V

GES5MANN 1906 >T ^ SÂ 3^ ^ ^ ~V «/lA A/ J Tt
_-_ J_ eft, -a- hdv H<h* «A. 8 ^ •rh' "3
AQUARIUS AsC. Sigils for zodiacal sign of the W3£fjr2>£>£rer, also BSfcd
indiscriminately for Che constellation of the same name. The printed

version is baaed on the most common mediaeval version, given by
HYG1NUS 14B2: ££A and derived ultimately from Egyptian fortis \sen
NEUGEBAUER L93&) Said by AGRTPPA 1510 to be based on the shape of
waves, though this is noL a water sign- The graphic form is also,
rather foolishly, traced by certain modern astrologers to the idea of
'electric waves 1
.
Ancient Egyptian (d&motic) BERLIN 42AD *L

STOBAR7 2C ^Z SPIEGELBEEG 1911
Q^—
Graecx>-Byzantin&/ C- 500AD: MEL'GHBAUER L959
+
PIGBY 12C ASTRONOMICAL 1400
100 £"
JAN'JA 14C -t^=^ LELP0LD1 14C ^QCn
-%*V*
ASTROLOGICAL 15C
QUADRAKTIS 15C TAriLES 15C
t/ I
54
AQU-AKC
SIGXLLIS 17C £^£J\J WELLING 1735 <

f
CaRRIGHTEROS ISC ^C^ MAGIE 18C <£}$LJ

LUEDY 1928 records a related sigil from the Syrian alchemical-
astrological tradition: ££* C DEUTSCHE 1980 =i
A sigil for the constellation Aquarius is given by LEUPOLDI 14C: ^^^
See also SPIRIT OF AQUARIUS
AQUA VITAE See WATER OF LIFE
AQU1SITI0 Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantic figures, for
which a multitude of variants (dots, stars, floral devices, etc.)

is used to denote the sane four-fold arrangement: .;. Aquisitio is
linked by AGRIPPA 1531 with the element of Air, the planet Jupiter and
the zodiacal sign Aries, The following siyils are derived from the
late mediaeval sources, and are sometimes used to denote the planet
JUPITER, as for example in TRITiJSMIUS 1503-
AGRIPPA 1531 ?9^^?*yV?
ARATRON Ma<?. Mediaeval sigil for the planetary spirit of Saturn* given
by TRITHEMICS 1503: \2^~J U~d
^CHEIBLE 134B give3 a variant: r r\
\ J
l
AKC1IAI See SPHERE OF VENUS
AHCUANGEL QQG* These spiritual beings are traditionally linked with

the sphere of Mercury (in the mere ancient cosmologies! * but SUCKER
1975 appears to link these beings wiLh ihe sigil for CANCER; '^9$
See ANGEL and SPHERE OP MERCURY.
ARCHETYPES Ocq . In her complex numerological study, BIjAVATSKY 1888

lists a number cf graphic archetypes which combine in various ways to
express occult or hermetic ideas - in this she was following a
tradition perhaps introduced by AGRIPPA 1510 and developed by GABELLA
1615. The nost Important of these archetypes ar« the central point
( .
) , the three ( A ), the five [&) and the seven (E>, which may
55
- :
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT f HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
be symbolised by ( 2^X ) - A further set of four archetypal sigils

are explained at length by W1RTH 1927: O H~~ j\ See in this
connexion HERMETIC TETRAD
The basic archetypes give rise to such symbolism as is found expressed
in the sigils for BODY ERECT, CROSS, DECADE, DEITY, ETHER1C,
OGDOAD, ONE, SEPTENARY HAN, and so on.
ARCTURUS See ALTAMECH
ARENA See SAND
ARGENTUM See SILVER
ARGENTUM MUSICUM See STLVER PAINT
ARGENTUM PICTORIUM See SILVER PAINT
ARGENTUM VIVUM See QUICKSILVER
ARTEL M49. Several mediaeval sigils have been preserved for this demon
{or spirit), the more simple of those recorded by SCHEIBLE 1848 being
the following: ^ ><^ ^^ ^^ £%
ARIES Ast* Sigils for the zodiacal sign of the Ram, also used
indiscriminately for the constellation of the same name. The printed
sigil is derived frcm the manuscript tradition, such as LAMBECIUS 1500
"Y" and AGRIPPA ISIO V The sigil is said by AGRIPPA 1510 to be

based on the shape of the Ram's horns, but this is unlikely. SUCKER
1971 suggests that it is a pietograph of exploding and imploding
spirit, whilst: GABELLA 1615 explains its form as a graphic expression
of the equinox, and gives it a curious sigil (n.fl) which is linked
with one of the sigils for FIRE.
Anci&nt Egyptian (d&motic)
STOBART 2C J_ f
SP1EGELBERG 1911 Y £
(?raeco-Byâ/itine c.SOOAD.- NEUGEBAUER 1959 ^ *\J* ^f
5fc
ARC-ARS
DIGBY 12C y° ASTRONOMICAL 1400

<
y~ i
JANUA I AC t
\/a) MANSIONIBUS 1482 \/
ASTROLOGICAL 15C
Q^° BONATTI 15C °V"
QUADRANTIS 15C "$- PICC0L0MIN1 1558 Wr
BLUNDEV1LLE 1602 _}__
PROWSSE 17C ^C
S1GILL1S 17C V^
SIBLY 1790 1(? BOUCHE-LECLERCg 1899 "*fl*" %$
MODERN ASTROLOGY 1899 IT NEROMAN 1937 ^T"
WILCZKOWSKY 1947 "Y" BUBCK11ARDT 1967
LEUPOLDI 14C gives a sigil for the constellation

*— [ for which
AGRIPFA 1510 qives a variant: o^J

alchemical-
LOEDY 1928 records a related sigil from the Syrian
astrological tradition: *"\T
See also MYSTERIOUS PLANETS and SPIRIT OP ARIES
ARISTA See ACUIMER
ENIAN BOLE
ARMENIAN Ale. SHKLTON 17C
SHELTON $ © ± 9—
SOMMERHOFI- 1701 >ft)
*f
& "^ GESSHMM 1906 ^"* ' ^ -,
*Q
A multitude of sigils and variants exist, of

which the
ARSENIC Ale.
n,ost common are the mediaeval ones reproduced by CARBONKLLI 1925: %

C— S Q (fc> <6
ALCHYMIA 1563 î 7^ ** St 0N0MAST1CUH 1574
PORTA 1593 6*
WOHLTDGE 1651 °~"* I s <t \c

VALENTINE 1671 $• ALCKEXTCAL 17C ^ ECD / tf
S HELTON 17C •$ KOCH 1930 *K ^

SHEPHERD 1971 J-
ancient Greek
A number of sigils are recorded by BERTKELOT 1885 froni
manuscripts: £z_n ' « /---^ ^

SULPilURUM, RED ORPIMENT,
See also ARSENIC SUBLIMATE, ARSENIC
and YELLOW ARSENIC.
RED SULPHURET OP ARSENIC, WHITE ARSENIC
57
ARSENIC SUBLIMATE Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 J} % _§^_ ^ tZ2~° ^) "jjt*

GESSMANN 190fi <Q AMT" gf ^}r~^ ~i.j fgTa
SCHNEIDER 1962 CJ 1 8^
ARSENICUM ALBUM See WHITE ARSENIC
ARSENICUM CITRINUM See YELLOW ARSENIC
ARSENICUM RUBRUM See RED OKPIMENT
ARSENICUM SULPHURUK Ale Mediaeval sigils given by GESSMANN 1906 <^>>
ASUEET03 -flic- Two ancient Groek sigils recorded by EERTHELOT

LB65; /^ jJ
ASCENDANT A$t. Three variant sigils of circa 500AD, graphically

derived from the word horoscopos, the name originally given in the
Greek astrological tradition to che degree of ecliptic ascending in
a given chart, arc listed by NEUGEBAUER 1959: X <£ tJj
Sometimes an abbreviation for the word Ascendant, and even for 'first
house prima c?Offlus # is also used:
1
SCHEMA l::C ]^^ MARY lf>C *f

SMITH 16C y ASTROLOGY 17C Aj
* 3*-*?
CUTTINGS 1977 £»? EBERTIN 1970 A
Thu sigil recorded for ori&ns in KAKSTONTBUS 1492 £ appears ho be
pare of a secret alphabet (since the letter 'd 1
is named sopfc&ntrio,
ynr is a letter never jsed for the Jmun? Coeli) .
ASCENDING node Ast . 7fm north node of astrology has freffl ancient Cimes
buer. signified hy The siqil 6 J but The following form is copied
from an dncient Greek text by OMONT 1394 %_9 This Is sold to be*
the fcep/saii or xnabibazcr* , the equivalent cf The modern CAPUT

cf modern astrology, but the sioil is probably a mistake*, the correct
form being given in the same manuscript for the CAUDA, the
58
AKS-A7R
Greek oura or kat&btibazon:
ASHES Ale VALENTINE 167.1 £ STGNA 17C ^ $ -£

DIDEROT 1763 -£ (J.
See also ASHES OP LEAD and ASHES OF WOOD
ASHES OP HARTS EASE Ale. CROLLIUS 1670 *\jf
ASHES OF LEAD Ala. Mediaeval sigils given by GESSMANN J.906 : jg
ASHES OF TIN Ale. SOMHBRHOFF 1701 ,/\
ASHES OP WOOD Ale. Mediaeval sigil given by GESSMANN 1906: ZE-
ASKODEL May. T'nree of the most coraraon mediaeval siclls for the 'angel'
of Taurus, recorded by BRAHE 1582: ijf^

3
I
- ^ \y
See also SPIRIT OF TAURUS.
ASTEROID Ast. Modern sigil given by NEROMAN 1037:
ASTRAL WORLD Occ. Mediaeval sigils given by KIRGHER 1655 for the
sidcrcum, by which he probably meant the 'astral world
1
, rather than
the utellatum, or zone of the fixed stars: ^ ""J"

1 *
See also ANIMALIA and ANIMATE WORLD.
Ast. A fifteenth-century contraction for asfcrologu-v is

ASTROLOGER
recorded by CAPPELLI 1949: tft'f*'
ASTRONOKIA Ast. A mediaeval contraction is recorded by GKASSANT 1884,
astronomic* and astrologia In

though there Is little difference between
mediaeval texts: *sr
diqest-.r.q
ATHANOR AlC McsL of the sigils for the con stan~-heat
53
furnace of exoteric alchemy consist of vestigial drawings, and are

scarcely siqiln as such, DIDEROT 1763 gives a fairly standard common
example: -
HnH
GESSMANN 190G reCDtf&s three mediaeval sigils under the name of
Athenoum: © ^? ©
See also AHENUM and CUCURBTTA
ATH5NEUM See ATHANOR
ATIIER See ETHEKIC
ATLANTIDES See PLEIADES
ATLANTIS Oca- BI.AVATSKV 18B3 gives Lhe sigil @ for the 'earth globe
esorerically seen as the 'unity of the spiritual world' - the top half
of the circle being contrasted with the duaLity of the lower half, the
symbol of the duality of the 'material world 1 , which she sees as a
fitting sigil to express Lhe Earth state when the male-female polarity
fully developed. The sigil may therefore be taken as relating to the
Epoch of Atlantis, rather than to the continental mags itself. See
also EARTH.
ATKAMENTUM Sen VTTRTOL
AUKICHALCUW Ale. &ERTHELOT 18B5 records two ancient Greek sigils

from manuscripts: -h
ONOMASTICUM 1574 '-(- —j- CROLLTUS 1612 c/ {$
CROLLIUS 1670 <)
SOHMEBHOFF 170! 0^^S>(f^H* -f $ V ©
9 IS £> O o-o
SCHN3IDRR 1962 XX 5* i$
AURIPIGMENTUM See OKP2HENT
AURUM See GOLD
(Vj
ATH-AZO
AURUH FOL.TATUM Sec GOLD LEAF
AUHUM MUSICUM AlC, SIGNA 17C <^T 60t ALCHEMICAL 17C tp

SCHNEIDER 1962 ^fcX
SOMHLRHOFF 1701 records the following as aurum pictorium-- ^ _J^ +-0+-
AURUM PICTORIUM See AURUM MUSICUM and GOLD PAINT
AURUM POTABILE See POTABLE GOLD
AUTUMN Oec. Sometimes the sigils are used in the seasonal sense, but
at other tines there is the more specific sense of harvest/ of the
J up J terian process.
FRAKCKLYK 1627 ^ ALCEBMY 1650 22a-
SHELTON I7C £ 3 P SOMMEKHOPF 1701 XD 2/J

GESSMANN 1906 5) 7_°
KOCH 1930 Sf[
AVACHIEL Mag. Mediaeval sigil given by AGPTPPA 1531 as ruling spirit

cf zodiacal Sagittarius: \^ The game spirit was supposed by
IIEYDON 1664 to be a geomantic genius of AQUISIT10-
AYN Occ. The sixteenth letter cf the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC
SCRIPT) , for which many sigiliic derivatives are give:> within the
tradition of secret alphabets, as for example in the well-know:;
series recorded by RARTOLOZZI ^.675: J JZ4 ^X ^d* o-i ?tA
WlKXil 1927 equatesAyn with the Tarot BXflanum the HOUSE OF GOD, with
the constellation Ophiacus and the zodiacal sign SCORPIO. In hie
record of the vestigial pictographic forms, he suggests a link with

the concept of the Eye: O U y y
AZERVEL Mag-. SCUEIBLE 184 8 records a sigil intended as the 'afternoon
symbol' for the demon: -^f^t^d^
AZOTE Ale. DALTON 1808 (J)
61
DTCTTONARY OF OCCULT, HKRNVTIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
BA5ALEL tfag. A siyi] given by AGRIPPA 16C for one o£ Lhe two deroons
associated with the planet Mars: B" 2^' 'O'
BABCFIEL See SPIRIT OF PISCES,
BABYLONIAN SCRIPT 0a<: , One of the nany forms for Lbis secret alphabet
is recorded by VTGNERE 1586;
X p 1 n n j
7$ V S] 1+ VS sc &a &
V t X 3> V $ A 5: a
Dus^?in»n '
1
This alphabet is one oC the HEBRAIC SCRIPTS, and appears to he very

closely related to the so-called CHALDEAN SCRIPT.
See SECRET SCRIPTS
BACCKUS A.st. Sigll introduced by TEIERENS 1931 for the 'planetary

o,
principle' of the Rcnar. Bacchus, the Greek Dionysos: ifl
BALM >ic. Two .nediieval siuils recorded by DIDEROT 1763: ;P^
BALNEUK y^RlAfl See GRADES OF FIRE.
62
* S
RAB-BEL
BARfiXEL Mag* Several mediaeval sigils have survived for this demon,
Of which the one recorded by SCBEIBLE 1848 is rhe most simple; «-*"->
The name is used also far the 'angel of Scorpio 1
, for which BRAHE 1582
records three sigils; YC& J 3"* —

See also SPIRIT OP SCORPIO.
BAKCH1EL Wag- B3AHE 15D2 gives two sigils lor this demon I O^
x r
2i—
whilst AGRIPPA 1531 records n siqil which is linked with the
geomantic tradition : / fY ±
BAr.vT?:^ Ala. DALTON 1808 {£5
BAT1J Ale. SOMMKRUOFF 1701 gives sigils specifically for the Balnaun
Wariae |^g Jo V ^5 J^ ^
GES5MANN 1906 gives [^ R/_ but see GRADES OF FIRE for the more
specialist sigils.
BftBARACHXBL flag. Three mediaeval slgilr. recorded by SCBEIBLE 1848 £bx

this demon: 9S / A"^^^ L
^WV
BEELZEBUB Mag, The sigil given by SCHEIBLE 1B48 is merely an
abbreviation T£) and this demon is more frequently depleted in the
form of a fly, sometimes in a vestigial drawing, in reference ro the
supposed meaning of his nane an Lord of the Flies*
BEFAFhS Hag* Onfa cf two sigils for demons linked with the planet Mars,
given by AGRIPPA ISC: -3^
BFGTNNING See ALPHA and MORTAL ADAM
B3LL METAL Ale. Mediaev.il sigil for a&s c#mp</norum given in STGNA '. 7C:
G&SSMANN I90fi qivos: j£
3ELOCH May. Name (perhaps confused wit-h Bcliar) and siyil given hy
63
HEVDON 1664 for spirit. Intended to represent the letter B in the
secret alphabet of 'Angels and Genii 1

: ^ T
BENJ AMINE FLOWERS Ale. Mediaeval sigils recorded by GESSMANW 1906: Er
BETH Occ, The second letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which very many derivative sigiliic forms are preserved within the
tradition of secret alphabets, of which the most well-known are those
recorded by BARTOLOZZI 1675: o^J \*J \t\ **£ <r «*\ °~~ô
WIRTH 1927 equates Beth with the Tarot arcanum LADY POPE, and with the
constellation Ca&siop&tA * In his list of pictorial derivatives for the
the letter, he suggests an association with the idea of a Camel, but

the vestigial drawing was almost certainly a 'house', a concept which
is reflected in the sound-value of the letter: ^ ^ 3 D -1
BETEOR Mag, Mediaevai slgil for pLanntary spirit of Jupiter recorded

by TRTTHEMIUS 1503 E__J
"± -*
SCHETBLE 1848 I
*~ 1 I
SEEPHERD 1971 '"E-j-J
3EZ0AR STONE Ale. Several variant forms of a simple graphic are given
by GESSMANN 1906: <&
BILE Ale. RERTHELOT 1885 records the following sigil from an early
Greek rnunuscr Lpt which is clearly a short—form for chyiez ^X^
3IQUINTILE Ast* Sigil for the astrological aspect of 144* given by

RAPHAEL 1900: -X
SIMMONITE 1890 records a common abbreviation: 9Q
RIRDSEGGS Ale. 3KRTHEL0T 1885 records a sigil from an early Greek

manuscript: ^
BIPTBPLACE See RU.
\\A
^
BEN- BOB
BISMUTH Ale. Mediaeval sigil given by SIGNA 17C /J*" /v with a later
version recorded by DIDEROT 1763: B>
LUEDY 1928 J^j, SCHNEIDER 1962 && 2— f*
BITUMEN STONE Ale. SOMMERHOPP 1701 &

BLACKMAL Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C A
BLACK SOAP Ale, DIDEROT 1763 ^/
BLACK SULPHUR See BRIMSTONE and SULPHUR NIGRUM
BLACK TALC Ale. Two mediaeval sigils recorded by DIDEROT 1763: ^ /T)
BLEND Ale. Mediaeval sigils recorded by DIDEROT 1763: jj
BLISDON Mag. Sigil for a demon linked with the planet Mercury, given
by AGRIPPA 16C:
BLOODSTONE Ale* Mediaeval sigil given by SUELTON 17C + with a some-
what dubious alternative by FRANCKLYN 1627: O

See also HAEMATITE
BLUE Ale. BERTUELOT 1885 records the following short-form from an

ancient Grepk manuscript: ^
Two variants, presumably mediaeval, are given by DTDEROT 1763: W 4 ^
But see also lapis lazuli under LAPIS
BLUE VITRIOL Ala. SOHMERHQFP 1701 0+

DIDEROT 1763 ©4* ^j7 <[J)H
But see VITRIOL
BOBCGEL Mag. One of two demons linked with the Sun, recorded by
AGRIPPA 16C:
65
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL S1CILS
BODY Occ. Mediaeval sigil given by S1GNA 1 7C -<b- A later form

recorded by GESSNANN 1906 is presumably derived from the Latin
corpus : /T
1
BODY ERECT Occ. In her graphic system of symbolism, BLAVATSKY 1877
gives but see also ONE.
BOIL Ale. STGNA 17C X /6

"^^
SOMMFRHOFF 1701 f-fg GESSMANN 1906 A^ -^1
See also GRADES OF FIRE
BOILED OIL Ale. Mediaeval sigil given by GESSMANH 1906: 1°
BOIIED WINE Aic. Mediaeval sigil given by GBSSMANN 1906 \j/"
BOILER Ale. Most forms for the alchemical cucurbita are vestigial
drawings, though DIDEROT 1763 gives two siqils: c? ~G
BOLE Ale. ALCHEMY 1650 T2 CA SHELTON 17C /\ /C

SOKMERHOPF 1701 J* Pp GESSMANN 1906 ^/ (^~"° Q_^>
KOCH 1930 $ SCHNEIDER 1962 d. "£~
€-9
Sen alsc ARMENIAN BOLE, RED BOLF unr. WHITE BOLE
BONES Occ. The sigil recorded by CHASSAKT 1GB4 from mediaeval sources
is obviously a contraction for the Latin ossa: o
BORAX Aic. A large number of sigils, most of them originally mediaeval

derivatives, have been recorded: the most common <ire
WORLIDGE 1651 A/ "W C? CROLLIUS L670 ^\ \—J

VALFNTINE 1671 J^ 3v T& FRESNB 16BB J^T" t±)
ALCHEMICAL i?C % SHELTON 17C t£b _^_ **£
SOMMERHOPF 1701 8 &L 2-^ y^ ^ N t |d U I I 12^
£ 8e ^ S *— ^
66
9
BOD- BRA
DIDEROT 1763 £] POISSON 1891 xS&

GESSWVNN 1906 «¥ ^ ^ ^ * fit» A ^ R^lVl
LUEDY 1928 ^
*e\
1CZ> ^
H— SCHNEIDER 1962 5 O C L-o
BORKOGQ Waff* Ono of the two demons linked with the Sun, recorded by
AGRTPPA 16C: 9JX
3CTASX0N Ale. The sigil recorded from an ancient Greek manuscript by

BERTHELOT 1D05 is probably intended to denote a Digestion Vessel: ^g
BOTTLE Ala* The word in its nounal use is designated usually by a

wimple vestigial drawing, as in the mediaeval example given by GESSXAKN
1906 f\ which represents the ampulla of the alchemists- When a
verbal use is intended/ then a sigil recorded by GilSSMANN 1906 may be
used which in fact means 'bottle when cleared'; oA> Sometimes the
sigils for LUTUM SAPIEHTIAE arc used in a strictly esoteric sense for
the idea of bottling and sealing, though this is probably n late and
inappropriate use of the sigils,
BKAC1IIUX Ale, Sigil given by MANSIONES 14C for the 7th of the
mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al Bhir& in the Arabic system o
A sigil for the amulet relating to this lunar mansion (called finis
Cemlnorum) is given by A3AKO 1303: <*$*'
BRASS Ale. There is much confusion regarding the alloys of the

alchemists, and this naturally reflects in the sigils- In some eases
the sigils for <ze$ refer to any crude metal dug from the earth; in
order cases to the common alloy of copper and tin. The alley of
copper and zinc is probably intended for the rmjority of the following
sigils, but the meaning may only be derived from the context. For
example, it is likely that the forms given by GESfiKANN 1906 designate

COPPER and even aes UStliflT.
VALENTINE 1671 -+• SHELTON 17C

P
*£
Q
-J-
67
'
DIDEROT "63 £ £ 4
GESSMANN 1906 ss ?loê> H^ sm^^'9)
T
BRICK Ale* The most common sigils are vestigial drawings, as for
example those given by GESSMANN 19061 ITTn E3§3 &t v*3
dtderot 1763 nnn E) gessmann 1906 HE] B§
BRICK DUST Ale. As with the sigils for BRICK , the most common forms
are vestigial drawings, as for example those given by GESSMANN 1906
below. Sigils are also derived from the initials of the Latin
farJna lateruro, as for example in the forms given by DIDEROT 1763; I
GESSMANN 1906 CUD H^H
BRIMSTONE Ale* A sigil is given under this name by KOCH 1930 ô

but this is actually the late-mediaeval form for 'black sulphur
- see SULPHUR NIGRUM - 'brimstone 1
being the vernacular at one time
for SULPHUR,
BRONZE Ale* The observations under BRASS are relevant to this metal,
though bronze is an alloy more easily identifiable through the sigils ,
being more commonly the a«s of the alchemists. However, confusion

still reigns, and sigils for BRASS and COPPER are often employed in
cases where bronze should be sigillated.
ALCHEM1CAL 17C °s%f OSL GESSMANN 190G ^ "©- © '"
fL'~f
See also BELL METAL.
BRORCES Wag* Sigil for the demon linked with the planet Saturn, given
in AGRIPPA I6C: ^££
BURNED ALUM See CALCINATED ALUM
BURNED BRASS See AES USTUM
BURNED COPPER See AES USTUM
68
BRI-RYD
BURNED HARTSHORN Sec HARTSHORN
BURNED LEAD See. CALCINATED LEAD
BURNED PEBBLE Ale. GESSMANN L906 ^>
BURNED TARTAR Sen CALCINATED TARTAR
BURNED VITRIOL See CALCINATED VITRIOL
BUTMONO Mag. Sigil for the demon linked with the planet Jupiter, Cfiven
by AGRIPPA 16C : \\ r
BY DEGREES Ale. Mediaeval sigil for a term used in alchemy meaning

'gradually' or 'in stag&s' , and having nothing to do with the terra used
in its astrological sense. ALCHEMICAL 17C: ^\
BYSS Occ. TAW 1772 @ See ABYSS
69
.
CAR3ALISTIC SCRIPT See HEBRAIC SCRIPT
CADENT Aet. Modern siqil qivcn by DE VGRE 1947 for both the ' cadent
house' and the 'cadent sign': l—
CALAMINE Ale. SIGNA 17C ^f NX-* ~§~~ Kr1

GESSMAKN L906 $ ^t^S^T' ^^ W Q^ ^
CALCINATE Ale . The most cccunon mediaeval sigils appear as part of a
compound in the form recorded by FRANCKLYN 1627: — ri —

ALCKYMIA 1563 JW ?" °^t FRANCKLYN 1627 £ ^ -\
S3ELT0N 17C "*-%_
SOMHERHOFF 1701 ^ IX.' £k ^T 2s O "7$, C^~ 2" Gw G "TtV^

POISSON 1891^/\
GESSMAKN 1906 'w^^ -^?— (^ ^ LUEDY i928 LC
SCHNEIDER 1962 ^C It
See BlSO CALCINATION
CALCINATED ALUM
««« 1701
Ale
^ SHELTON 17C
-
iT
^Âf^^V-o-e-a.
fa
CALCINATED BRASS See AES USTUM
CALCINATED COPPER See AES USTUM
70
CAft-CAL
CALCINATED GOLD Ale* Two ancient Greek sigils arc recorded by

BERTHELOT 1BB5 : d& && DIDEROT 1763 {_ CP 
A mediaeval sigil recorded by GESSMANN 1906 perhaps refers to the

alchemical process of 'aalcination of gold': Jfy
CALCINATED HARTSHORN Ale* SOMMBRHOFF 1701 ~3C V CCx/
GESSMANN 1906 '^ V ^ "V

CALCINATED LEAD AJc. Two sigils from the Greek alchemical tradition
are recorded by BERTUELOT 1885 fe"\ vD
SOMKERHOFF 1701 ~\j GESSMANN 1906 \0 ^/V JV
CALCINATED SILVER Ale. Two sigils are recorded from the Greek alchemic
tradition by BERTHELOT L885 ^f <£-fc
The sigils recorded by SOMKERHOFF 1701 ^>ir 3>^+- and that derived
from this source by GESSMANN I9QG ^^ probably refer to the
alchemical process of 'silver calcination 1 .
CALCINATED TARTAR Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C t>* *S^

/
3^ ^ 3 ^ ^~-
GESSMANN 1906 Q% j£) Y^ \A/ T^

CALCINATED TIN Ale. A sigil derived froD the Greek alchemical
tradition is recorded by BERTUELOT 1885: £
CALCINATED VITRIOL Ale. SHELTON 17C ©

CALCINATION Ale. KICilAELSPACHER 1616 gives the siyil +£> fiext to
the sigil for the sign or constellation Aries, either tc symbolise the
alchemical process of calcination or (less likely) the alchemical
ANTIMONY. See CALCINATE.
CALX Ale. The sigils sometimes clearly refer to the ancient meaning
71
—
of lime or yuiCKLIME, sometimes to the more modern meaning of the

powder or friable substance obtained by the calcination of metals or
minerals*
CROLLIUS 1670 ^ VALENTINE 1671 W G t?
W SIGNA 17C ?^ ^
SHELTON 17C
SOKHERHOFF 1701 OHH^^ 000 ^^^ "V.XY
LUEDY 1928 © Ck SCHNEIDER 1962 V£ nI-
See also CALX CfiYMICUS, CALX METALLORUM, CALX OVORUM and CALX TARTARIS
Unoer the heading Calx SOMMERHOFF 1701 lists also Calx Saturni: $.
Calx Soils 35 and Calx Veneris: ©
CALX CHYM1CUS Ale. Mediaeval sigils recorded by ALCHEMICAL 17C: Os
Vp. 4- VI- sA> f

CALX METALLOKUM vqic. A large number of mediaeval sigils is recorded
by GESSMAKN 1906, of which the following are worth recording;
kv H' V <d X> X $ v n=f *? ~!r T £= ^ CD <**>
CALX OVORUM Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 ^ SCHNEIDER 1962 Cy>
CALX SOLIS See CALX
CALX TARTARIS Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 LJ

VALENTINE 1671 K&
But see also CALX
CALX VIVA See CL'ICKJ.TME
CAMAEL Wag. Mediaeval slgil for the 'angel' of Mars, given by BARRETT
ISOl, but derived from Lhe aigil given by TRJTHEMIUS 1503 for
SAMAEL: ilS^^
CAMB3TEL Wag. Siqil for geomantic spirit given by HEYDON 1664, perhaps
1
j
in error from AGRIPPA 1531: uj
72
:
CAL-CAN
CAMPHOR flic. SIGNA 1?C ^ -^£

SOMMERHOL-T 1701 OOC^ ^XXX>° DIDEROT 1763 ,/J^ >0o
GESSMANN 1906 XJOO™**^ 0-<>00<500© POTSSON 1891 }—<>~0-<>-O
ALI3ERTUS 1974 Hi
CANANEAN SCRIPT Occ. One of che numerous scripts preserved under this
name is the version given in relation to the Roman alphabet by
RIVIERE 1938
a i. C (i I"
8 li i
J ,k 1 in ii
<v tf -o- >1 /* n 55 51 «A 1? ¥

n tf *. ^H 2 ?l 4 <&
O |> <|
1"
s I U v w \ v z e
This secret alphabet was originated for the Hebrew alphabet: (see far
example HEBRAIC SCRIPT) , and has been taken over from one of the
several versions called the CtiALDEAN SCRIPT:
X 3 n 1 X n V y n >
fr & 4 h TO H p 3C
4- rt ?w ff n%
i; S 3 7 "V U3
CANCER Ast. Sigils for the zodiacal sign of the Crab, used
indiscriminately for the constellation of the same nane. Printed
version of the sigil derived from one of several related forms in
the Graeco- Byzantine tradition (see NEUGEBAUER 1959 below!, given
by HYGINUS 1482: Cô Said by AGSIPPA 1510 to be based on
the movement of the crab/ though this is entirely fanciful.
Ancient Egyptian (demotic) BERLIN 42AD £=^-
STOBART 2C ]^£^ SPIEGELBERG 1911 *~*
^Z w
Graeco- Byzantine, C.50GAD: NEUGEBAUER 1959 ^==r*
ASTROLOGICAL 14C ^2
73
JANUA 14C Op LEUPOLDI 14C ^-J?

HANSI0NI3US 1482 £=^ ASTROLOGICAL 15C 1
BONATTI 15C 5_3£ QUADRANTIS 15C /~^

TABLES 15C ^Z5 SCHYNAGEL 1500 ^>°)
HERMETIS L6C 6^ S1GILLIS 17C -"o^

TRITHEMIUS 1650 <T=£ ASTROLOGY 17C a~^
TRACTS 17C 3-^ VALLEMONT 1707 (?*$
WELLING 1735 &*t? STEINER 1906 33
STEINER 1910 f^/ SUCUER 1958 ty

BURCKHARDT 1967 <&) EBERTIN 1970 &_$
RUDHYAR 1970 ko, SUCHER 1970VSN
LEUPOLDI 14C gives a sigil for the constellation Cancer as dees
AGRIPPA L510: ?
SGC also COSMIC EGG, MOON ARCANUM and SPIRIT OF CANCER
LANK Ale. Two mediaeval sigils recorded by GESSMANN 1906: T~ G

CANIS Ast. Sigil for the 13th lunar mansion, called Al Awwa in the
Arabic system, given in MANS10NES 14C: b°°'
CANTS MAJOR Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the binary alpha Canis Major is,
sometimes called Sirius, given in BBRMETCS 13C; *X2>-HV
A related variant is given by AGRIPPA 1510, which has become the
standard sigil in astrology: £<£>+h<
CANIS MINOR Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the binary alpha Canis Minoris,
sometimes called Procyon, given in HERMETIS 13C: V^V^
A related variant given in AGRIPPA 1510 has become the standard
sigil in astrology: "t^f EVANS 1922 '<3Pi'
CAPELLA 7ist. Mediaeval sigil for the fixed star alpha Aurigae, given
in HERMETIS 13C under the name of ALAYOCH ^%
this sigil was wrongly transmitted by AGRIPPA 1510, with the result
that the sigil in common use may be confused with that for ALDEBARAN.
74
C
CAN- CAP
The CUPELLA is sometimes called a r

capella r
. See also ALAYOCH
CAPILLUS Ast. Sigil for the eleventh lunar mansion, called Al Zubrah
in the Arabic astrological system, given by MANS10N2S 14C: **
A sigil for the amulet linked with this mansion, called Venter Leonis,
is recorded by ABANO 1303: *?v^
CAPRICORN Ast* Zodiacal sign of the Goat-fish/ frequently rais-termed

the Goat: the sigils are used indiscriminately for the constellation
of the same nana, AGR1PPA 1531 derives the mediaeval sigil from the
tail of the goat, but rhis is entirely fanciful, and it is likely that
Lhe common form is derived from the duality of the goat-fish fonn.
The printed version is from the manuscript tradition, as given by
HYGINUS 1482 ^ J? FIRMICUS 1499 p TJid LILLY 1647 VT
The sigils for this sign are numerous/ and to avoid confusion the
entries below hav« been sec out in three sections - MODERN VARIANTS,
COMMON VARIANTS (on the mod&rn farms), and RARE forms.
MODERN VARIANTS
j-
SIBLY 1790 V0
v*> ZP CHRISTIAN 1B70 _^&
MODFPN ASTROLOGY 1899 V-? VRBEDE 19*j4
^
NEUGE3AU3R 1959 ~Jj 3URCKHARDT L9C-7 ">
CIRL07 1962 ^fo HADES 1969

NEEKACKER 1967 \q
SUC1JER 1970 ^^
COMMON VARIANTS
CHAUCER 15C HOROSCOPES 15C ^^
SCHXMAGEEi 1 500 ~>o DART OT 1557 e/f
FICCOLOMTNI 1558 p^ GIUKTINI 1583 ^y
AGRIPPA 16C izp HERME7I5 16C '" v *^
MARY 16C Vf SMITH 16 * ><'A y
BLUNUEVILLE 1602 ^— HOROSCOPE I CM 'C '"*-r
ALCHYK1CAL 17C J^>

LUCCA 17C /*0 RULES 17C "^. ^f
TABLE 17C ^f VALLEHONT ! 707 ^r^3
75
t
WELLING 1735 GEHEIME 17H5 ~Z'e?

CARK1CETKKUS 18C ~$^ SYSTEMES lflC
PARE
Ancient Egyptian (d&motic) BERLIN 42AD
i
q^
SIOBART 2C SPTEGELBERG 1911 4-
*"f"
1
Graeco-hyzantine , C.500AD: NEUGEBAUER 1959
ASTROLOGICA 14C S/* DESTINATIONUM 14C *+£"
LEUPOLDI 14C ^3"-^

JANUA I AC pf .'-O
MANSTONIB'JS I 482 "^XT ASTROLOGICAL 15C '^X^
BONATTI ISC: "V^ FREGOSUS 15C '^fc>
QUADRRRTIS 15C & < TABLES 15C V^V^
LAYRECIUS 15C ^V"" TRITHEHIUS 1503
ACK1PPA 1510 CCj3 THURNEYSSEH 1570 J3=»
THURNEYSSER 1574 '^X. BLUNDEVILLE 1602 cG-
ASTROLOGICAL 1650 ^} HEYDON 1650 ^P
BSLOT 1667 ^j? ASTROLOGY 17C y° J^
<
LEBOY 17C \/Vo MAGICI 17C jD y°

PROWSSE 17C J S1GILLIS 17C 5*y~
SOMMERHOFF 1701 tJ Xf 2; FREHER 1717 ^f ^>£p

PYTHAGORAS 18C «-^° v;tlsok 182o Vj
GEE3MANN 1906 d >L SUCHER 1975 y> &
L.UEDY 1928 records a related sigil from the Syrian astrological
tradition:
m
J*
LEUPOLDI 14C gives a sigil Cor the constellation:
See also SPIRIT OF CAPRICORN
CAPUT As . Usually the single word caput in an astrological context

refers to c:#put draaonis, 'the dragon's head", originally an
astrological term, but now used in astrological, alchemical and
tjHOiuantic contexts- The term in its astrological sense refers tc
the Moor, 'g north Node, the point at which the -ascendinq orbit of the
Moon intersects the ecliptic. The sigil most commonly used is
mediaeval in origin* derived from the ancient Greek (see* NODE), as for
example the form given by LILLY 1647: Jli The enrry be Vow is
If:
—
CAP- CAP
divided into two pares - one listing the astrological and alchemical
sigils, the ether listing the georaantic sigils.
ASTROIXXSlCAL AND ALCHEMICAL
ASTKOLOGlCA 14C =fi=- JANUA 14C C
CANONES 15C =Qv RONATTI 15C r
y
SIGNIFICATIONS i5C 3^£ TABULAE 15C ^^
SCHVNAGEL 1500 \/ DEUTSCHE 1961 <-A*
A mediaeval abbreviation is given by CHA5SANT 18B4: Q%

It is not uncommon fox medorn epheroerides to give this sigil in a form
which may be confused with that more accurately used for LEO: <J I
GKOMANTTC
The most common form is that used for one of the sixteen geomantic
figures:*: This caput draconis is linked by AGRIPPA 1531 with the
element Earth and the zodiacal sign Virqo: a multitude of variants
{stars, dots, floral devices, etc*) is used to denote the same four-
fold arrangement, "Hie following sigils are fro© late mediaevaL

sources, and arc sometimes used in astrological and magical contexts
to connote the force and nature of astrological caput (tfbove) us for
example in TRTTKEMIUS 1503.

AGRIPPA 1531 ^ + V v Y the same source gives also the form _J_
which is surely wronq.

V7
HEYDOK 1664 records a sigil _L which is also incorrecL*
CAPL/T ALGOL Ast. Mediaeval sigil for fixed star reputed La be the
most evil in the skins, LhR modern beta Persei , given by IJERMETIS 13C
in an original form: j \ u »i A EVANS 1922 (mediaeval): ^ |
111 J
A related variant is recorded by AGPTPPA 1510, which has become the

standard modern fcrm for the sigil: i —
I d-w-i
CAPUT ARIETIE See CORKIIA ARIBT1S
CAPUT CANCR1 See OCULUS
CAPl/1* CAN IS Ast> The 5th of the lunar mansions, called Al Uak'ah in
77
.
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND AU'HENICAL SIGILS
the Arabic astrological systen, a sigil for which is yiven by

ttANSIONES 14C: * \'o
A sigil, or gcoyp c£ sigils, linked with this mansion (under the

nane o€ finis Tauri «t Cemi'xiorum), is recorded for amulotic use by
ABANO 1303 3
Vo./ ° I
CAPiri DRACOKif See CAPUT
CAPUT yjORTUUM Ale, Usually this alchemical residue is signified by

a vestigial drawing of a human skull, the 'death's head', but one or
two other variants exist:
WORLIDGE 1651 j^y n
VALENTINE 167l A>
ALCHEMICAL 17C <£* SI SNA 17C
SOMMERKOr'F 1701 J^_ ^ 4^ ^ ® T ©

CARKlCUTl-nUS 18C ^C DIDEROT 1763 ^p?
GESSMftNN 1906 O & vX^J (v ALBERTUS 1974 @

SCHNEIDER 1962 *^) -£
SOKMERHOFF 1701 gives the sigil (v) for terra daj;i^jîia
CAPUT TA'JSI 5&e COK IAUR1
CARBON DTQXTD3 Ala. SCHEFFER3 1775 gives the sigil ^- for his
Acidum aereuffl T for which BLRGMAKN 1795 gave the variant: ^^
t
CARCER Geo. Sigil for one of the- sixteen geomantie figures; 11 A
multitude of variants (dots, stars, floral devices, etc.) are used to

denote the same four-fcld arrangement. career, 'prison 1
f is linked
by AGR1PPA 1531 with the element of Earth, the planet Saturn, and the
zodiacal sign Pisces. The following ylyils are derived from the
niediaeval tradition, aad ore sometimes used to denote the planet
Saturr., as for example in THITHEMIUS 1503.
AGRTPPA 1531 l±> '£l t^ ^ £ <> §

CARDINAL See CARDINALITY
7B
1
CAP-CAU
CARDINAL CROSS Ast. Sigil introduced, with a complicated supporlive

rationale, by BAILEY 1934 to represent the four cardinal zodiacal
signs (Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn): *—
CARDINALITY A&t . Modern sigil for the cardinal quality, recorded by
DE VORS 1947: /"\
See also CARDINAL CHOSS.
cask see CUPELLA
CASSEROLE ftlCi Two mediaeval sigils r^ccjrcod by DIDEROT 1 763= &
CASSIEL Hag* Three mediaeval siyils for this angel of Saturn

recorded by BARRETT 1801 : r (/ j -E^-* thouyh the last sicjil is
given by TRITHEMTUS 1503 as for ORTPHIEL.
W
SCHEIBLE 1848 records raany nedianval variants:
-&
See also SPHERE OF SAtORN
-3*S 1 X? V 8
-^
^ t
( / ^
Ty-r
CASSRIEL Hag. SGHBIBIE 1848 gives several sigils for this demon: "-& t
V
5Lf±zr
CASTOR OIL Ale. BEHTHELOT I 8B5 records ar. ancient GxeelC sigil for thi-B
liquid: fe—
CAUDA /Ist. Usually the single word caudd refers to aauda draconis (the
dragon's tail) , which was originally an astrological term, cut which is
new J3ed in both alchemical 3Jid geomantic contexts as well. In the
astrological tradition it was intended to denote the Noon's south NODE,

the point at which the descending orbit of the noon intersects the
eclip'-ic. T:;e sigil most commonly used is mediaeval (though derived
from the ancient Greek), as given in LILLY 1647: \? The entries
below are divided into two parts, the first r;eing ASTROUtCTCAL, the
second GEOMAWttC.
ASTROLOGICAL
79
JANUA HC 2) ASTROLOGICAL 15C =^=

BONATTI L5C J-t CANONES 15C %£
S IGNIFI CAT 1 ONES 15C """? TABULAE 15C -^j-
SCHYNAGEL 1500 < /\ ASTROLOGY 17C Tj>
STRAGGLING 1824 oAs
GBOMANTIC
A basic sigil is given for one of the sixteen geomantic figures, called
aauda draconisi ^ A multitude of variant sigils exists (with
stars, dots, floral devices, etc*) used to express the same four- fold
arrangements Cauda is linked by AGRIPPA 1531 with the element Fire,
and the zodiacal sign Sagittarius. The following sigils are derived
from the mediaeval tradition, and are sometimes used in astrological
and magical contexts Lo express the idea of cauda draconis in its
astrological sense, as for example in TRITHEMIUS 1503.
AGRIPPA 1531 1 ^ A A AA
CAUDA CAPRTCORNI Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the fixed star delta
Capricorn! , sometimes called Denob Alg&di, given in HERMETIS 13c j>z^Z~~
AGRIPPA 1531 gives a variant which has entered the European occult
tradition: Sc~'"j'f 1
CAUDA LEONIS Ast . The 12th of the lunar mansions, called A} sarfah in
Arabic astrological system, for which MANSIONES 14C gives a mediaeval
sigil: -©--
A series of siqils linked with this lunar mansion (called finis Leonis
et principis Virginia, and perhaps linked with SPICA) is given for
amuletie use by AliANO 1303: V©^
CAUDA SCORPIONIS Ast. The 19th of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called
Al shaula in the arabic astrological system, a sigil for which is
given by MANSIONES 14C: go**™ °*o w

A sigil linked with this lunar mansion (called finis Scorpionis et
caput Sagittarii) is given for amuletie use by ABANO 1303: °Vy\
BO
1
CAU-CEL
CAUDA URSAE Ast* Mediaeval stgil for the double star alpha Ursac
Minoris, sometimes called Polaris? Stella Polaris, Cynosura or the
Pole Star, qiven by UERMETIS 13Ci \\ \
£
tradition; J~J~) °
AGRIPPA L5lO gives: ft ? JK > EVANS 1922 (mediaeval): "
V/X ^l
CAUSTIC METAL See CALX.
CELANDINE Ale. UERTHULOT L885 records an ancient Greek sicjil: LX.
CELESTTAL SCRIPT OCC- A number of secret alphabets, variously called

1
eel esLial ' , ' angelic ' or ' supercelestial * , has been recorded in
various occult texts, among the most welL-known of which is that given
by AGRIPPA 1531:
1 T n V
X -I 1T n V A 0<£ M A
D XT
s
1
^ W 71
n
— f
17 h: 7 -v U)
The more or leas genuine 'celestial' scripts have been derived from
the Hebraic alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT), but some writers, such as
RIV1EHE 1938 have adapted these for the Roman alphabet. Below is his
hI b
—
'angeLic' alphabet, compared with his 'celestial':
1
•q J b| nn °1
h °lid
a bed e f g 1i i
i k 1 in n
n i J
i
n 5 <x b
I 5 A a -2 *i c
p r s U V vv X V £
1 4
q l
u. £ A i]zBi_ 3 1
ai
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AftD ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
But see also SECRET SCRIPTS.
CELESTIAL VAPOUR Ale, The sigil given in the collection of Greek texts
by BERTHELOT 1885 relates to aithali ouranou: — fl which BERTilliLOT
1885 translates somewhat materialistically as 'celestial vapour 1
,
though the form of the -sigil would suqgest something of a spiritual

nature - perhaps relating zo the smoke of the pythonic oracles r or even
(though more doubtfully) to the atheric forces described in the
theosophical tradition.
CEMENT Ale* In most contexts it is clear that a verbal use is intended

by the sigil*
SRELTON 17C £~ DIDEROT 1763 /^ LTL
GESSMANN 19D6 records several mediaeval sigil s: ^ JZ- ~*Z~> ^ A.'
SCHNEIDER 1962
&
CENTRAL POINT See ARCHETYPES*
CERA See WAX.
CERES Ast* Sigil given by WILSON 1819 for 'planet' (in fact an
asteroid) in orbit between M<jrs anci Jupiter: _p
KOCH 1930 ^- SIDGWICK 1973
CERUSSA See WHITE LEAD.
CHAfAHINT STONE Ale. FRANC KLYN 1627
CHALCITE Ale, The sigil is derived from an .ibbreviatior; of the Gree^

word recorded by EERTHELOT I BBS, and probably relates to coppnr
pyrites: s>
CHALDEAN SCRIPT Occ. One of the numerous secret alphabets in the

Lradition of BEBR&IC SCRIPT. The alphabet recorded here is that
82
CEL-CHA
given by VTGNERE 1586;
1 T n - a v a
n
4- V, tf tf A &n^
d a? a s 7 "\ «> n
The alphabet has nothing to do with the historic ChaJ_dean cuneiform,
but in mediaeval terminology Ch&ld&an was synonymous with astroioêr.
CHALK Ale* Two mediaeval sigils fire recorded by GESSMANN 1906- S_r u
FRANCKLYN 1627 qives two sigils for 'chalk containing gold': ]> "V^7
CHAOS Occ • DEE 1564 gives the sigii but see also ELEMFNTS and
ABYSS.
CHARACTER Qcc. A short-form or abbreviation for character in the sense
cf 'sigil 1 , and with reference to the planetary ox alcheruical symbols,

is found only in manuscripts, as for example in CONJURATION 14C: FJ^
Thert? exists a wide range of different sigils referred to in occult

literature as "characters', many of which are listed in this dictionary
under the heading of PLANETARY SYMBOLS: nut sue also CHARACTERS OP
ELEMENTS and HERMETIC SIGIL.
CHARACTERS See PLANETARY SYMBOLS.
CHARACTERS OF ELEMENTS Ale* The following siqils are given by BRA11E

1582 as characters, but these are not intended to act as sigils In the
ordinary sense far the relevant elements! they are Intended for simple
amuletic use-
aip, O -i -P r V IV^^S ?L 3 <*- 5> -* *^-
wmi: vu H cJn_ î EO =# ¥m P^
For Lhe traditional forms, see AIR, EARTH, ELEMENTS, FIRS, guiNrBSSENCE,
83
.
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND AT^CHEMTCAL SIGTLS
THREE AIRS, THREE EARTHS, THREE PIKES, THREE WATERS and WATER-
CHARCOAL Ale. Two mediaeval sigils given by GESSMANN 1906; J £l\
CUARTOT Gcc* WIRT11 1927 relates this 7th arcanum of the Tarot pack ro
the Hebraic 2AIN, and associates with it the sigil ZJT which is the
so-called CROSS of Lorraine , which WIRES 1927 sees as rhe primitive
form of the Zain (though a more precise etymology for the graphic
vestigial form is that of a 'decorative staff* within the Egyptian
hieroglyphics) • WTRTi) 1927 also associates the rwo sigiis Q ^ with
the arcanum, presumably because these are to be found within Che

compositional structure of the design,
L'HKNOR Mag. sigil used for a spirit (perhaps the original Chani&l) by
HEYDON 1664 to represent the letter C in the secret writing called the
'Alphabet of Angels and Genii': ~r
^
CHERUBIM Oca. SUCKER 1975 appears to linfc the sigil for Aquarius vw*
with the sphere of the Seraphim, which is traditionally associated
with either the 'sphere 1
of the st^Hatuw or with r.hc zodiacal sphere
itself. In effect, each of the sigils for the four fixed signs of
the zodiac (TAURUS, L20, SCORPIO and AQUARIUS) could theoretically be
used to represent one of the individual cherubs, but must synbolists
have recourse to pictorial images, rather than sigils
CHRIST Rcl * A large number of sigils, roost often involve:: with the
symbol! sir: of the CRUSH, have been used to symbolise Christ, and the
following consists rnnreiy of a selection taken frcrj occult sources;
SCllEIbLE 1G40 (?) BOCK 1931 «A
SHEPHERD .1971 _[1 £ C< VERftRDl 1972 '\D.
(SETTINGS 1978 9C
TESTA 1962 gives a whole series of 'gnostic Samaritan-Christian 1
sigils
which might be said to symbolise Christ; -^- X ^ »-p &
^
*fc
* • : * * «&
&a
CHA-CIN
The same source lists also a number oE related sigils under CHRTSTKON
and JESUS, along with -A~ -^ ~F" ^/T^ _

CHASSANT 1B84 records a mediaeval range i X X"9 ^C~ ^f x f c x)
See also CHRIST TRIUMPHANT.
CKHlSTMON R&l. Very rr.uny mediaeval and modern variants are recorded,
most of them relating in effect to CHRIST or CROSS.

KOCH 1930 gives (J) -P -f- whilst TESTA 19f;2 records some^
early sigils derived from the Judao-Christian traditicr.i 7|<C Xi %
CHRIST TRIUMPHANT Rsl - A series of sigils recorded by TESTA 1962
relaLes to a graphic tradition which abbreviates the sign of Victory

(N-1C-A) with the V [VAU) of Jesus : A/ A/ /)/' O^ S%fi
Tne magical alphabet of Anael in SCHEIBLE 1848 gives a sigil for
Christ Triumphant: y/s
See also CHRIST, CIIRTSTMON and JESUS.
CHRYSOCOLLA Ale. Early mediaeval sigil, probably derived from the

ancient Greek, recorded by SHEPHERD 1971 for solder of gold: ^
CHRYSTAI.LUS Ale. Two sigils <?iven by SIGNA 17C: "-p -Hi
CINDERS Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 _£ G CROLLIUS 1612 "^
VALENTINE 1671 -£ SIGNA 17C $£ -¥

SOMKERliOFE 1701
D1UEROT 1763 $
> ^ ^/\~\ -£ ^ ^GESSMANN 1906 "£ *" t
T-^-T L^J \^^_^
For cinis clavellatis SQMBERHOFF l?Ol gives
For cineris saiicis SIGNA 17c gives "^ ^ >l °^{->
L
jp^
CINNABAR flic The common alchemical terra for the red form of mercuric
sulphide - thounh the sigil is also used foe the pigment vermilion.
WORLIDGE 1651 $ (§ °-J^ CROLLTUS 1612 *^'
CROLLIUS 1670 H^5 VALENTINE 1671 $ T^T
85
SHSLTON 17C £ -gr J?

SIGNA 17C ^ B / & ^ Z
SOMMEKHOFP 1701 2 5 /"3 ^ O ~55~ Hi>* ~=F 5 If)
DIDEROT 1763 f £ ~J
GESSMANN 1906
£ î^ ^ | i I ^ f B **!/
CARBONELLI 1925 "??

c
<Y LUEDY 1928 ^
SCHNEIDER 1962 £E)
BERTIIELOT 1885 records two Greek siqils: G (£
CJNNA3AR OF ANTIMONY ÎJc, Two sigils given by DIDEROT 1763: q) </©>
CIRCULATING FIRE îc. Mediaeval sigils given by GESSMANN 1906/ mainly

derived from the cocimon sigil for FIRE; /^ £s> /\ ^ .£1
CIRCUIiUS DUPLEX Occ . Sigil given by HERMES 1613 in a series of graphic

occult structures; (*) The duplex symbolises the idea o£ spiritual
growth - an inner quality is protected within the nutrient of a
shielding outer quality. The sigil may also be interpreted as being

symbolic of the alchemical process itself.
CLAVIS Oca. Sigil derived from Dee's MONAD by Beehn:e, and called by
him * the Sevan Forms of Spirit' relating to his Wirk&ndc Bigonschaften
(see MUSES 1951); X^KL The sigil combines the 'Sever: Forms' of the
seven planets:
Saturn-Moon which qives 'Harsh desiring Mill 1
: 7^-
Mercury-Jupi tor which gives 'Bitter or stinging 1
; ^ A-
Mars-Vonus which gives 'Anguish till the "flash of Fire" ' : ef V

Sun which itself represents the 'flash of Fire' and the 'Fire World
1
: &
Vonus-Mazs which gives 'Light or Love*, where the water of Eternal Life
flows': 9 C^
Jupi ter-AJercury which oives 'Noise, sounc or Mercury 1
:
2^ ¥
Moon-Saturn which gives 'Substance of Nature 1
: C "5
HL'SES 1051 presents variant* u£ these, according to Freher, in the
order given above, but with a nore thorough interpretation and with
;v.
ci n- con
the sigillic forms;

See also LAW 1772.
>
V * sT #f % ®
COAGULATE Alt:. The sigils below, all of which are mediaeval in origin,
refer to Lhe verbal use of the word. But see also COAGULATION
WORLIDGE 1651 «-4- XX RIiCHEMS 1650 >£
VALENTINE 1671 C_l_ XX DIDEROT 1763 -E-E- ^C ^.
LUEDY 1928 IS 7
COAGULATION file. Sigil given by GEHEIME 1785 for the alchemical
process of 'thickening substances'; -T

SIGKA 17C 3-| =H >-> |r fe* & **j S"^ ^ 6 h_E
GESSMANN 1906 1*/* \*J 3° °7

See DISSOLVE.
COBALT Ale.-. ALCHEMICAL 17C tfT SCHEFFERS 1775 (\

DEftGMANN 1785 >-< GESSMANN lyofc _Zg^ /$&
LUEDY 1928 /#?> SCHNEIDER 1962 J^
COHABITIO Ale. The word refers to an alchemical process.

WORLIDGE 1651
C~0 ALCHEMY 1650 ~&\
COLCOTHARUW Ale. Mediaeval slgils given by GESSMANN 1906: ©4- ©

§l> w
\t/
COMF'L* Ast. Modern Bigil recorded by SHEPHERD 1071: o'f
COMMISTIO See MIX
COMMON SALT See SALT
COMPOSE Ale. SOMMESHOFB- 1701 gives Uio fcrir.s^ <H*
COMPOSITION A lc. An ancient Greek sigil is given by BEKTHELOT 1QB3: V5
87
CONCENTRATED SPIRIT OF WINK Ale GESSMANN 1906 "W \A*
CONCH Ale. SOMMERliOFF 1701 6g> <$>
CONDENSED VAPOUR Ale, An ancient Greek slgil is recorded by

BERTHEIjOT 188G; f^J
CONGEAL Ale. DIDEROT 1763 2 JxzL
CONGELATION Ala. MICHAET-SPACHER 1616 gives the sigil 0+-3C next to

the sign or constellation Taurus, either to symbolise the alchemical
process of Congelation, or (less likely) the alchemical Bitumen.
CONJUNCTIO Geo. Sigil Eor one of the sixteen qeomantic figures: *
A multitude of variants {stars, dots, floral devices, etc.) is used to

denote the same four-fold arrangement. Conjunct io is linked by
AGRIPPA 1G31 with the element of Air, the planet Mercury and the
zodiacal sign Virgo. The following sigils are derived from late-
mediaeval sources, and are sometimes used to denote the planet Mercury,
as for example in TR1THEK1US 1503,
AGRIPPA 1531 [EfflrX J J 1 ©CDZS ^Z
CONJUNCTION Ast. An aspect in which two or more planets are in the

game degree of the zodiac. The common form o£ the sigil is precisely
that found in mediaeval manuscripts, as for example in S1GILLIS 170 if
ASTROLOGICAL 1GC ° KALENDAR 15C O-
110ROSCOPE 1614 o°
A series of individual siqils, intended to denote particular planetary
conjunctions has been given by AGRIPPA 1510:

SA1VRN AND JUPITER: 2\^ ^ ^"k
SATURN AND MARS: <^ 4S
JUPITER AND MARS 2i-> jjl
SATURN, JUPITER AND MARS: -^-^ ^

8B
^
CON- COP
CONSTPUCTION Occ A modern sigil given by CIRL.OT 1962 to represent

'the constructive principle within totality' , symbolised by the
TERNARY acting upon the QUATERNARY within INFINITY, thus: Vi-V
CONVERT Ale. Sigils used only in descriptions of alchemical processes

in the mediaeval form given by GESSMANN 19D6: S\f*
COOPERTA Ast* Fifteenth of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al

Ghafr in the Arabic astrological system, given by MANSIONES UC: °o°
COPPER Ale. Since the occult theory of signatures links copper with
the planet VENUS, virtually any of the sigils for this planet may also
bo used to denote the metal in an alchemical context. The following
sigils appear to have been used specifically to denote the metal:
SHELTON 17C Hj" © A ^-^ SIGNA 17C ? % =H= ^
C
SOHMERHOI-'F 1701 gives the series of sigils £ ^ jy. *9t- -£cH- &<^
and notes also that this is the corpus inmundum et imp&rfcctum, an
idea related to the esoteric astrological tradition regarding the
planet Venus. Additionally, SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives "hE t* $ V ;*i
DALTON 1808 (Q
GESSMANN 1906 / O^x J- ^ Jtf? X ?&> O* % "^ /^
?> S </ v ^>
SHEPHERD 1971 DS
The following sigils have been recorded by GESSMANN 1906, relating to
the alchemical copper:
COPPER CRYSTAL q> Z ^
COPPER TROK T -H>—
COPPER ORE ^^
COPPER PLATE ffi
COPPER SPLTNT §*
BERTHELOT 18B5 gives an ancient Greek form for cyprus copper ^

and one for copper ore T in addition to two sigils from chalkosy^ fi
and two for copper pure; R Re
B9
WORIiIDGE 1651 gives the following list, among which may be one or
two
dubious frormsr f &. -£3 -©- *<\ °" m *" 3 "* <§
COPPERAS flic. Term generally applied in alchemical texts to the
sulchates of copper, iron and zinc (blue, green and white copperas,
respectively), but now generally applied to the iron sulphates, also
called green VITRIOL. Another term is WHITE VITRIOL.

Coppervater is another general term, for which OKOHASTICUM 1574
gives: © < which is
derived from the abbreviation o£ enalcantho-s.
COPPER CALCINATE Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records an ancient Greek sigil

which is identical to that used for ordinary COPPER: ^
COPPER PILINGS Ale. Two sigil s common used in the mediaeval period
for COPPER are listed by BERTHELOT 1885 from ancient Greek texts as
der.oting copper-filings: § £
COPPER LEAF Ale . BERTHELOT 1885 records two ancient Greek sigils
which were used fcr copper leaf: ,$,
COPPER ORE Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 gives an ancient Greek sigil which
was still in use during the mediaeval period, though sometimes used
for COPPER: £
COPPilR WATEK See COPPERAS
CORAL AlC DIDEROT 1763 (A

BERTEELOT 1885 records the Greek alchemical sigil Y
COR LEONTS Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the triple star alpha Leonis,
sometimes called 'the little king', given in HERMSTIS 13C —ito\
(
AGHIPPA 1510 "TJ~~f

EVANS 1022
bo.1
90
COP- COR
CORNUA ARIETIS Ast . First of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al

Sharatain in the Arabic astrological system, far which a sigil has been
recorded by MANSIONES 14C: £
A sigil linked with this mansion, but used for amuletic purposes, Is
recorded by ABANO 1303; *$U
CORNUA SCORPIONIS Ast. The 16th of the mediaeval Lunar mansions,

called Al Jubana in the Arabic astrological system, a sigil for which
is given by MANSIONES 14C: ?
CORONA The 17th of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called Iklil

Ast,
al Jabhah in the Arabic astrological system, for which a sigil is given
by MANSIONES 14(^; %
A sigil designed far amuletic use, and linked with this mansion (called
finis Libri) is given by ABANO 1303: C^ \ j
corpus Get; body
COR SCORPIONIS Ast. Mediaeval sigil for the binary alpha Scorpii,
C
sometimes called Antares, given by HERMETTS 13C: °J^J
AGR2PPA 1510 gives a variant which has become the commonly accepted
sigil: °^= ^ EVANS 1922 °[ "[I ]
The same name is used also for the IBth of the mediaeval lunar mansions,
(called Al Kalb in the Arabic astrological system) «nd a sigil for *
this is recorcea by MANSIONES 1*1C: °0*
COR TAURI Ast. The fourth of the mediaeval lunar mansions/ callec
Al Dabaran, in the Arabic astrolcqical system, a sigil for which is
given by MANSIONES 14C:*£* But see also ALDEBARAN.
A sigil clearly linked with this fourth mansion, but called Caput
tauri et venter, is given an atr/jletic use by ABANO 1303i
©
p
The mansion called Caput Tauri is the third of the lunar nans inns,
and is given the sigil ^V<, hV MANSIONES L4C, and the amuletic
sigil ->K hy ABANO L303 , who terms it finis Arietis.
yi
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HBRMLTIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
COSMIC EGG Occ. In his account of Tarat symbol ism f WIRTH 1927 gives
the sigil frequently used for CANCER ^p as the 'fecundated cosmic
egg 1
of the Chinese. See also PHILOSOPHIC EGG.
COSMOS Qcc. Sigil derived by WELLING 1735 to symbolise the complete

universal character of light and darkness working together; {^©/
HOMER 1723 gives the two sigils 0© as the last in the chain of
God's coming into being, the so-called Golden Chain, representative
of the Cosmos, as opposed to the CHAOS at Che beginning of the chain*
COVERED POT Ale, CROLLIUS 1670 V

^ But see CRUCIBLE.
CREATION Qcc. A sigil given by WELLTNG 1735 is taken to symbolise the

six days of Creation, or the elements as an outflow of the Divine Fire
of the Godhead; BwjB
BLAVATSKY 1888 gives the Gimple sigil /S. along with a profoundly
esoteric: account of the relationship between the sign TAURUS and the
PLEIADES in the constellation of that name, which she terms (in full
accordance with the Cabbalistic tradition) the sitfereaJ s&ptenat&,
which manifests from the 'concealed /\ '.
The relationship between the 'invisible' creative force of the sign

Aries and Che laanifestaLion of the 'matter' of Taurus is also given a
sigil lie form by SUCHER 1975 in his highly personal graphic symbolism.
He claims that the creative force of Aries ^f may 'in a symbolic
~[~
sense 1 be read as the TAU form: But see also SACRIFICE.
A further attempt: to symbolise in graphic form the idea of creation
has been made by KOCH 1930, with a sigil which is (among other things)
unfortunately an ancient sigil for the earth: ©
CREATIVE INTELLECT Occ. A somewhat personal sigil, based on the
common sigil for the element FIRE, is given by KOCli 1930: /\
CREATIVE POTENCY Oct:. BLAVATSKY 1877 gives the sigil P to cover

the idea of latent creativity, but see also CREATION, ONE and ORIGIN.
92
,
COS-CRO
CROCUS Ale. The siqil is restricted to the substance used in the

alchemical processes, and has no botanic implication.
BERTHELOT 1B85 records a Greek sigii: KS
DIDEROT 1763 ]=[ '}£
LUF.DY 1928 _
SOMMERUOFF 1701 gives the following sigiis for 'flowers of crocus*

crocus aramaticus (See SAFFRON FLOWER) t stij-^^^'
See CROCUS MARTI S and CROCUS VENERIS.
CROCUS ANTIMONY Ale. GESSMAKN 190b ^
CROCUS AKOMATICUS See CROCUS and SAFFRON FW5WER
CROCUS MAHTIS Ale. WORI.IDGE 1651 o(T O O

ALCHYMIA 1563 ^"£ -£ CR0LL1US 1670 '§-
ALCHEMICAL 17C
SOMMERHOFF 1701 C^^^^C^^^ * ^^
$ © >- ^ ^ * C^
SHELTON 17C )&-
d« Hr tf T hsT
SIGNA 170 € /"I 1" /M ^ DIDEROT 1763 ^ f^
GESSMANN 1906 ^ -g'' •'*'
^ ~B Q^ -<* &&~ *
/?
SCHNEIDER 1962 £f ^
CROCUS METAM.ORUM Ale. SOMMERHOFF 170]
|j
CROCUS VENERIS Mc. This alchemical substance is generally regarded
as being the same as AES USTUM, but the sigillic tradition would
sugges- that this was not always the case.

VALENTINE 1671 i£ £ J ® ^ ^?
FRESNE 1688 5L 9^ 9—
^ V~"?
^ ^
SIGNA 17C . - o_ o ts
Q
SOMMERHOFF 1701 <* <f §
±
3 ^ c.
S* «f (
*
didebot "w
GESSMANN 1906 +<£
svv t*r CM
V~ ® ^^
»* <?
^ «,
'
*T £ &
J
CARBONF.t.T.I 1925 5 LIIEDY 1928 g
93
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGTLS
CROSS Ral. Along wiLh the related SWASTIKA, this is one of the oldest
of slgils, almost universal in use and application, in her study of
the ancient symbolic language, BLAVATSKY 1888 gives much space to the
cross, which she sees as being derived from the union of male and
female. Spirit and Matter, this meeting being 'the emblem of life
stomal in spirit on its ascending arc, and in matter as the ever
resurrecting element - by procx-eation and reproduction' . The
spiritual male is the vertical line j whilst the differentiated matter-
line is the horizontal: The former is said to be invisible, the
latter on the plane of objective perception. BLAVATSKY 1Q80 gives
also the sigil- £3 as the 'astronomical cross of Egypt 1
* but the
Tau-Cross which Is reversed and encircled is discussed in its esoteric

connexion with the crucifi;:-o- ^l CilSIST, -:or a simple version of this
sigil is the Rose Cross: Q^)

A large number of variant sigils is recorded in occult sources, in
addition to the standard forms listed by traditional names below. For
example, a tre&-cross given by VERARDI 1972 is said tc unite the

three worlds of the Celestial, Terrestrial and Infernal: ^
TESTA 1972 reproduces a:any early Christian cross sigils, among
which are the axe-cross, tau-cross and the curious hampt-cross, all of
which are listed below. TESTA 1962 also reproduces the various
cross^forms given in the famous Poem XIX by Pauiinus of Nola, of which
the following are out of the ordinary: Y X Zfy >fc T 33
AH )U T |
The following alphabetical list of cross-names does not give sources
simply because thtsy are so commons they have all at one time or
another appeared; in occult sources.

AXE-CROSS f4 # e|<9
BOTOMMEE *-£«
CELTIC -$- CHEVRON />

CLEVES *?-* COMMISSA
COPTIC CROSSLET
-J{—
DECVSSATA ^ EGYPTIAN
FT.EURY f^ GAMKAOA
-
GNOSTIC 4-|"r GREEK
91
: —
CRO-CRY
HAMPT "^J
pt-; <^T© Jtr[\^- LATIN ~\
'f
LORRAINE + MALTESE F&-3
MOLTNE ^ts PAPAL -=-

PATEE t&j Jh
PATEE FITCHBE 1>^ i
POMEE <»-f-°
POTENT
RUSSIAN ST ANDREW X
ST flW37iO,vy T~ Y ST PETER -\-
TAU ? T T ^ "^" ® TSX2VBS

y
TREFLEE *~f-*- VOIDED ^jr
See also CHRIST, CIIRTSTMON and CHRIST TRIUMPHANT.
CROSSING THE RIVER See TRANSITUS FLUVII
CROSSWHEEL The third of Hoehme's Divine Outpourings in the

Occ
becoming of Cod', described as the 'first matter of all sublunary
bodies in HOMER 1723: £P
1
But see HOMER'S GOLDEN CHAIN.
CRUCI3LE Ale- The most common mediaeval sigils are vestigial drawings
of containers, but WORLIDGE 1651 gives: ^^ £3
VALENTINE 167). ^
SOMMERHOfcT 1701 ^ g? X° -j- X >T •/"
DIDEROT 1763 ^ Q^
SCHNEIDER 1962 ~~/
/7
ALBERTUS 1974 ^
BERTH3LOT 1B35 records an ancient Greek sigil: ^
See also AHENUM, CUPELLA and TIGILLUM
CRUDE METAL Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C "^ ^^

See also BRASS.
CRUDE WINE ACID Ale- A sigil given by GESSYANN 1906 is probably lare
- A<—\
mediaeval ^f
CRYSTAL Wag- ALCHEMY 1650 G^ DIDEROT 1763 J

9
< ^^P
95
SC11EFFERS 1775 XX
GESSMANN 1906 C £ *£
_
H^" ^ ^ ^ /^ ^ A
SCHNEIDER 1962 ++£ ALBERTUS 1974
jf
SCHEFFERS 1775 gives the sigil 2XQ for crystalii Lunae.
CRYSTALLISED VERDIGRIS
by mmmm 1906 -f-
Ale.
ft X © © 2? ^^ S ^ ^
A number of mediaeval sigils are recorded
CRYSTAL OF SATURN Ale. DIDEROT 1763 °ZT° ^ /-
CUCUR01TA Ale. WOKLTDGE 1651 O g

LUEDY 19 2G (2\
SCHNEIDER 1962 gives the sigil CC and for cucurbita coeca: /^
•See also BOILER
CUPELLA flic. SOMMERHOFK 1701 gives the sigils J? 96 X foc
capeiia, 'the container in which separation of the

impure from the
pure metals takes place'.

symbolise the
The sigil given by S1GNA 17C is probably intended to
wooden cask or cupula: (*>ut *** CUPELLATION)
f[»
refer Lo che
STGNA 17C gives sigils for cupellare, which probably
idea of "cask lug in a wooden tub': \\ ^J *£ ^—
CUPELLATION BEHTHELOT 1885 records two Greek variants, both

Ale.
the proca S s Oi Lasting
short-forms for the Greek word used to designate p
in a cupel: U->
or assaying or refining (precious) metals
CYPRUS COPPER See COPPER.

CRV-DAR
DATMON Ast. The Greek word daimon is confused in many contexts with
the modern 'demon 1

, which is unfortunare, since only the Greek
kakadaemon works evil, and the Greek referred to an altogether higher
intelligence- in the astrological system of the ancient Greeks, the
daimon (mere exactly, the kXxpcs daimonos* 'the part of the daimon')
was that degree of the zodiac in rrirror-imaqe, relative to the
Ascendant, of the pars fortunac , for which a sigil ig recorded in
OMONT 1894: § The Greek sigil recorded under the name daimon
by BERTHELCT 1885 may not be related tc this astrological pars; B/
NEUGEBAUER 1959 records an early Graeco- Byzantine variant: si
PALDT1I Occ. The fourth letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC
SCRIPT), for which many derivatives are given within the tradition of
**0»
secrer alphabets, notably the series recorded by 3ART0L0ZZI 1675~J~J^
%-C 1/1 "1 H1RTH 1927 equates daleth with the Tarot arcanum the EMPEROR,
and in his treatment of the graphic etymology from the vestigial
drawing cf the Egyptian hieroglyphic traces the term of the letter to
Che idea of doar± ^ A, ^ n
DARKNESS Occ- Sigii derived by WELLING 1735, prob.ibiy from the
alchemical form for NIGHT, to symbolise the setting free of the
subterranean destructive forces of darkness: ^
OLIVER 1326 gives the sigil as a syrrJ>ol of the profound secrecy or
•darkness* under which the initiates were placed, fch« form being
a vestigial drawing of the Masonic tarowell ^

97
. ,
DAY Ale. ALCHYMIA 1563 —p ALCHEMY 1650

VALENTINE 1671 cf \ PRESNE 1688 5>
SIGNA 17C -f J ° — " O

GESSMANN 1306 ^ l_o ^-1 J -^n f/ </* •? ^ C+"
3ERTKEL0T LG85 records an ancient Greek sigil for daysi Stf
CilASSANT 1884 records a mediaeval abbreviation (for dies) :
KOCH 1930 gives the sigil [XJ for the rune Dag.
SOHMERUOPF 1701 gives a serieK of sigils, most of them recorded by

GESSMANK L906 abeve , but notes Lhat 'among alchemists {Medicos) not
only the time o£ sunlight, but the nightime itself makes up a day -
a Dies Naturalis' Within such a framework, the sigils given under

DAY AND NIGHT are also relevant to the idea of 'day'.
SOMMESUOPP 1701 gives : £} CT [5" i °— —°
'
"*
°~^T »-=3 *"£—» <f b
DAY AND NIGBT Ale . FRANCKI.YN 1627 /*

s
VALENTINE 1671 hj SHELTON 17C J?
GESSMANN 1906 <£, ^/ J^ J \~ _
SCHNEIDER 1962
J 7JT Jf ^
BERTHELOT 1885 records an ancient Greek form (but in this connexion
see* thfl note relating to SOMMERHOFF 1701 in DAY above} : <//
CROSLAND 1962 records a Greek form for 'days'; >t*
See also NIGHT
DEATH Occ. Usually a vestigial drawing of a 'death's head 1

is used as
a sigil or symbol for 'death', but a number of sigils have been
derived from the Greek T/ianatos - from the capital letter ZTieta - as
for example in SMITH 16C, within an astrological context: Q
CKASSANT 1884 records: -@~
BOCK 1931 gives the uncommon form; r^
The CAPUT HORTUUK of alchemy is the 'reject 1
residue left after the
alchemical process has been completed.
DEATH ARCANUM Oca. WIRTH 1927 relates this 13th arcanum of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic MEM, and associates with it the sigil VV] which
. ,
DAY- DEW
he claims to be derived from rhe primitive form for mem - though, of

course, the connexion With 'water* expressed in the Egyptian hieroglyph
as a vestigial drawing (see JENSEN 1970) , and the connexion with the
sigil for SCORPIO, are also relevant. W1RTH 1927 relates the card
to the slgii Cor SATURN j presumably because the form nay be
traced in the structure of the design, and because this planet is
exoterical.Iy linked with the idea of death.
DEATH'S HEAD See CAPUT MORTIIUM
DECAD See SENARY
DECADE Occ, In her complex numerological study BLAVRTSKY 13S8 gives a

siqil for the decide which is linked with the ten of the S&pkirothic
tree, the 'celestial fruits, the ten orQ iO born out of the two
invisible male and female seeds making up the 12, or the Dodecahedron
of the universe'
DECILE Ast. A sigil (abbreviation) is given cy STXM0K1TE 1890 Lk.
DECOCTION Ale. SOWHEFHOFF 1701 W DIDEROT 1763 -+©
DEGREE Ale* An abbreviation of the Latin gradus recorded by GESSHANN

1906, is not intended to represent the degree of astrology; ~j?~
See BY DEGREES
DEITY Oca. Sigil recorded by BLAVATSKY 1898 to record 'unity wiLhin

zero':(5 the symbol of Deity, the Universe and Man, linked with the
DECADE,
DEMON See DAIMON
DEMONS Occ. Usually the sigils preserved in the occult, tradition are
designed to represent individual demons, listed in this Dictionary by
99
the most common names, but KIRCHER 1655 gives a sigil which appears
Lo refer to damans *s ^ class: L.R
DESCENDANT Ast. A sigil is given by NEUGEBAUKR 1959 fcr the Western

horizon of the horoscope, from the Greek Dijsis; Z\
DESCENDING NODE Ast, The following sigil is copied from the Greek
text given by OMOKT 1894; O 1L is said to be the kutabahazon or
oura, the equivalent of the modern CAUDA, but this sigil is quite
probably a mistake, the correct form being given in the saint? inane-
ly
script for anabihazon or koplâJi: of l» See NODE.
DESCENDING SALVATION Oce. Sigil given by KOCH 1930 in his highly

personalised rationale of symbolism: ^
DEVIL Occ* The most common sigil for this Gentleman is the inverted
pentacle, said to represent the goat physiognomy as a vestigial
drawing: ^ ^
OLIVER 1826 gives a curious sigil as 'ancient Egyptian
1
: ^PZ
But see also DEVIL ARCANUM and KALI YUGA.
DEVIL ARCANUM Oca. WIRT1I 1927 relates this 15th arcanum of the
Taror pack to the Uebraic 5AMEK, and accords it the sigillic

associations of the reversed pentagram (see DEVIL above) S$L and what
he terms the 'primitive San\ek %
, which he gives as -^r which is in
fact (see JENSEN I07O) the Old Phoenician form, and may have bean
derived from a vestigial drawing of a fish. WIRTH 1927 associates
the card with Auriga*
DTANA Sec SILVER
DIAPHORETICS Ale. SOMKERHOF1*' 1701 records a series of lare-mediaeval
sigils for the metals ar.d minerals of diaphoretic agency, which in

each case is constructed from the nost common sigillic form:
lOO
.
DES-DIS
AXTIXQNY £fc COPPER Q-
GOLD 0. IRON -0f g^ £-=7 0^$

LEAD "% SILVER $$
TIN ^_ Zj_
DIDO Ast. Hypothetic planet claimed by MEHXSS 1927 to be the ruJ er
of the zodiacal Virgo, for which he gives the sigils CD
DIED See DEATH.
DIGEST Ale. The term is applicable only to the alchemical process,

and not to the human
VALENTINE 1671 ^" DIDEROT 1763 Q &
POISSON 1891 5 SCHNEIDER 1962 A)< D 3> 5 TJZ*
ALBERTUS 1974 \jj
SOHXERHOFF 17o! gives for digest io and digere.the forms *~j_"

^TT^TTT'^
'"~& ~wo °E which were wrongly copied by GESSMANN
H~ i^>
1906: 3"*>
~^f 4*^
DIGESTION Ale. MICfflUXSPftCHEB 1616 gives the sigil 0+ next to the
sign or constellation Leo, perhaps to symbolise the alchemical
procesH of Digestion.
DTN Mag. Sigil given by HEYDON 1664 for a spirit (perhaps Dina) and
used to represent the letter D in the secret writing called 'Alphabet
of Angels and Genii
—j_*
1 '
:
•k
DTONYSOS See BACCHUS.
DISORDERED INTELLECT Oca. Sigil given by (perhaps originated by)

KOCH 1930: -^v
DISSOLUTIOK Ale. A mediaeval sigil is given by DIDEROT 1763: ^jp
MICIIAELSPACHER 1616 gives the sigil CfTZO next tc the sign or
lOl
constellation Cancer, perhaps intending to symbolise the alchemical

process of dissolution associated with this zodiacal sign.
GEHEIME 1785 givus a sigil for the alchemical process, which he
contrasts with the sigil for COAGULATION, thus: % ±
DISSOLVE Aic. VALENTINE 1671 4- +

6
GESSMANN 1906 <S^-> U <7*w c?^
DISTILLATION Ale. Many late-mediaeval sigils are recorded for the

various forms of distillation, among which the following are the most
commonly used:
DISTILLATE WORLIDGE 1651 <&. «/U
VAL3NTINE 1671 <£^-, SIGMA 17C =^= € <T£
GESSMANN 1906 j^^ ALBERTUS 1974 J^

DISTILLATION PROCESS ALCHYMIA 1563 Z. T ""^
ALCHEMY 1650 ~g~ ALCHEMICAL 17C ^ ~& 3 4

SOMMERHOFF 1701
A^ ^ ^
^k ^ C^ ^ ^ ^50^<2 Q + ^ *
C^ f
SHELTON 17C
~
~~~&~~tr
^F J* O*
DIDEROT 1763 ^
POISSCN 1891 ^~f
GESSMANN 1906 r^!. ^7\^X " »
ff
£
SCHNEIDER 1962 JJ Ô
DISTIL IN ASHES GESSMANN 1906 EJ
DISTIL IN SAND GESSMANN 1906 ||2
DISTILLATED NINE SIGNA 17C cJ^Z -^<_

D/5TILLATED VINEGAR TABLE 1676 ^= SIGNA 17C -"- TTT
DIDEROT 1763 £)- ty but see VINEGAR.
MIC11AELSPACHER 1616 gives the sigil ^ next to the sign or
constellation Virgo, perhaps to symbolise the alchemical process of

distillation, or (less likely) the alchemical RED ORPIMENT,
DIVINE LETTERS See PLANETARY SYMBOLS.
DIVINE POWER Occ- Sigil given by SHEPHERD 1971 as triceps rune:^X\
102
DIS-D'JN
DOMINIONS See SPHERE OF JUPITER
jomi;.; See HOUSE
DRACHMA Ale Mediaeval sigils for a measurement of weight, giver, in an

ancient Greek form by BERTHELOT ISBS: C
SIGNA 17C §> DIDEROT 1763 fi
GESSMANN 1906 3 As ^ Viij 3d.

CAPPELLI 1949 records a mediaeval abbreviation; A.
DRAGON'S RIOOD Ale. DIDEROT 1763 Jf ©

DRAGON'S HEAD See CKPU?
DRAGON'S TAIL See CAUDA
DREGS Aic. SCHNEIDER 1962 3"£ 9 — £r
See also FAEX VINi
DRINK Ale* GESSMANN 190fc
DROP ^Jc, GESSMANN 1906 gives several contractions for the mediaeval
contraction gutta C^ 9 ^*€
DRY /12c, GESSMANN 19 OG ^/O^
DRY SUBLIMATION Ale. SCHNEIDER 1962 •"€^3
DULL FIRE Ale. The term is used in relation to GRADES OF FIRE, ar.d
has nothing to do with the occult Dark fire.

GESSMANN 1906 ZL 2St L-4 "ZX_ l2>
DUNG hie. Several sigils (probably mediaeval) have been recorded by

GESSMANN 1906 specifically for horsedung: (? 9 C °'ZJ %* °^
103
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL S1G1LS
(dung continued) 7C~a~ jJT -inrr -J—
DUO PRATES See TWO BKOTEERS
JUST Ale. VALEKTINE 1671 i

~^. "^ f^Tf
'
ALCHEMICAL L7C ^^ J£ SIGNA 17C \ ^ %^

SOHMSiRijOFP 1701 ._£- % "J2
GESSMANN 1906 @ -3^- "^T+t
Sec also POWDLR
DYNAMIS ^st. SUCHER 1975 appears to link the sigil for Taurus ^ with
the SPHERE cf the Dynamis, which is traditionally (in terms of the
Fseudo-Dionysian hierarchies) associated with Lhe SPHERE OP MARS.
104
^
DUG-BAH
EAGLE Ast- A highly personal (and modern) sigil for the zodiacal sign
or constellation SCORPIO is given by SUCKER 1975: rv^^ The .aurlior
claims that the sign for the Eagle used in ancient times to s~and in
place of Scorpio, an esoteric idea for which the symbolic form is the
Eagle of St John (sec FOUR EVANGELISTS) , the esoteric siqil that for
Saorpio. But see also STGTL 1978*
EARTH Occ* BttKTHELOT 1885 records »in ancient Greek sigil: —V Since
this form is contrasted with that for HF.AVFN (Quranos) , it is clear
that it refers to the globe of the earth, rather than to the alchemical
eleraent. The majority of the following sigils were intended to denote
the mystical 'third element 1
, which is neither the globe of the Earthj
nor the "earth dust 1
. In cin astrological context it might refer to
the EARTH TRIPLICTTY which is manifest in the maorDCOSO as the
zodiacal Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn, in the microcosm as the
melancholic temperament. In its alchemical sense, a sigil woulri
refer only to the * third element 1 .
ALCHEMY 1650 -©- Fl ^7 X KIRCKER 1655 <

7J\
CROLLTUS 1670 *"9" FHESNE 1G3E —
ALCHEMICAL 17C "E © S-> tf Vt "R 3 HELTON 17C C^CCC7
SIGMA 17C © "K V V©^ DIDEROT 1763 ® <^p
S01WBRHC5PP 1701 "^ GBKEIHE 17 B5 ^ ^>
SCHEIBLE 1848 '%%l* CARBOKELLI 1925 ^
DE VORE 1947 @ SHEPHERD 1971 Z?
HALTER 19 70 V^
105
.
A sigil given by WELLING 1735 represents the Spiritual and Invisible

Earth, the occult Earth which existed before the descent of Lucifer:
'w? OLIVER 1826 gives as 'an ancient Egyptian symbol' for the
element Earth the sigil: ^ BLAVATSKY 188B gives a series of three
sigils for which she maintains both an exoteric and esoteric meaning:
in each case the exoteric meaning is the globe of Earth. The sigil
Q represents the 'first ideal World, self generating and self-

impregnating' , and hence a fitting symbol for the Third Race, better
known as the temurian. The sigil © represents the 'unity of the
spiritual world' contrasting with the duality of the 'material', a

sigil which symbolises the Earth state when the male-female polarity
developed, and hence a fitting sigil for the Fourth Race, commonly
termed the Atlantean. The sigil <5 esoterically represents the
condition of the earth fallen into generation, or into the production

of its species through sexual union: this last sigil was noted by
BLAVATSKY 1877 as intended for the physical Earth (the globe) , and is
commonly usee in this sense nowadays, as for example in SUCHER 1970,
where ir is used as the centre of the geocentric charts, to distinguish
them from heliocentric diagrams: however EPHEMERIDES 1766 uses 6
HALL 1959 gives the sigil -©- tor both the physical Earth and for
ANTIMONY. See also THREE EARTHS and EARTH TRIPLICITY
EARTH iJAND Pal. Sigil used in medern chlrognomy to denote the male
Earth hand, sometLmes called the PracticaJ hand form, recorded in
GETTINGS 1965; $ This source gives also the sigil for the
female Earth hand, which, is confused with that for the male: -T-
EAKTH OF LEMKO Ale . Mediaeval sigil given by GESSMAKN 1906 Li_ \L,
EARTH SILVER See SILVER ORE
EARTH TRIPLICITY Ast . Sigil recorded {perhaps originated) by AGRTPPA
1510, but rarely found later, since the elemental natures of the
zodiacal sions Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn (here encapsulated into
I06
-
LAR-ELE
one sigil) are more usually symbolised under one or other of the
sicjillic forms for EARTH: OJ£
See also ELEMENTS
EBULLITION flic. Mediaeval sigilB are given by both DIDEROT 1763;

and GESSMANN 1906; ^^ ^Y
See also BOTT,
ECLIPSE Ast. Whilst this phenomenon might be presented in a horoscope

through a sigil for either CONJUNCTION or OPPOSITION fnomally between
Sun and Moon) , siyils are given by RAPHAEL 1902 for Eclipse of the
Sun J><^# and for EcJipso of the Moon JrfO
See also OCCULTATION.
EGG Ala. SORMERHOFF 1701 O J—^J GESSMANK 190b D

BERTEJELOT 1085 records the s inqle sigil © for ogg from ancient
Greek sources* and n double form to indicate the plural; ®0
EGGSRELL Ale* BERTHEDOT 1885 records three sigils from ancient Greek
manuscripts : <£ ^— <«
EGG WHITE See ALBUMEN
EGG YOLK Aic. The mosL common mediaeval siuils are clearly short
forms derived froci the Latin vi-tollus* lis recorded by GESSMANN
190S:
J
^~ ^
EGYPTTAK SCRIPT See HEBRAIC SCRIPT
EL2CTRUH /.Jc. BERTHKLOT LB35 records several sigils for electrun)

from different Greek manuscripts: <j£
ALCHEMY 1650 gives a common mediaeval form: lX

LUEDY 1928 cives a sigil for Gl&ktron
107
+
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT , HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
ELEMENTAL BODY See MATERIA PRIMA
ELEMENTAL WORLD Occ KIRCHER 1653

,
/
ELEMENTS Occ. The BjatMJlfcs of occultism have virtually nothing to do
with tho elements o£ modern science, and must not b« confused with
these- The ancient: occult elements are exotcrieally four: AIR, 2ARTH,
FIRE and WATER, with an esoteric 'fifth' clement, usually termed the
QUINTESSENCE, all o£ which are well provided for, so far as sigils go.
As a group of four or five, they are symbolised in a variety of ways,
the most common early sigil being that given by SHELTON 17C: °~~t *"d
(the so-called SEAL OF SOLOMON) given by S0MHER1I0FF 1701 ^ which is
in fact the graphic origin of the four most common sigil h for the
FOUR ELEMENTS, in the order listed above: i~i v ^-^ V
A sigil given by GABELLA 1615 is explained as representing the four
elements in union -|— providing a basic unit which (along with the
sigils for Sun, Moon and Aries - see the MONAD of Dee) was supposed in
the Rosicruciun stream to form the ancient underlying structural base
of the planetary sigils. DUE 1564 also gives the cross H— which h«
terms, among other things, CHAOS, and links it with the sigils for
MORTAL ADAM and IMMORTAL ADAM in his esoteric Christian symbolism.
This element sigil he calls 'middle 1
,
presumably because it is caught
between the solar and lunar forces, and in connexion with the Ckristos
he terms it 'Sacrifice ojj the cross*
Whilst SOMHERHOFF 1701 gives the standard list of sigils for the
four ej-eiatrnts (listing a printer's error for Al r "^ which has been
perpetuated by later copyists as the genuine sigil) , he lists four
sigils which are intended to represent the idea of the four elements
as a unity: T"Tj -4"1 2^2 &*[ GESSMANN 1906 expands on Lhese with at
least one baa copy: t4-f *?
l
*|
5OKMEKH0L-T 1701, under his section on the Element** or Prineipia, also
gives sigils for the five elements which he lists - Spirit 5
Salt O Q Sulphur ^ h'ater
two (in accordance with an .Aristotelian classification! are s*iid to be

\T Earth ^ of which the last
100
ELF.- ENO
passive, the others active- He says, quite rightly, Lhat other
authorities list only three elements, though these are the elemental
principles of Salt Sulphur zp Mercury Sf
See also CHARACTERS OP ELEMENTS and HINKRALIA
CL1M Mag. Sigil for demon given by REYDON 1664 to represent the letter
E in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of Angels and Genii': \#
ELPHSIA Ast. Siqil given by AGRTPPA 1510 for the fixed star aJpha
Corcnao Bcrealis, as variant of the mediaeval sigil given for
AIjPUECCA :
^^\
EMETIC TARTAR Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ¥£
SMETiC W1N3 flic. GESSMANN 1906 \^"
UMPEROR Occ. WTRTH 1927 relates this 4th arcanum of the Tarot pack to
tIih Hebraic DALETH (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT), and accords XL the sigillic
Corn /\ t3(±lta r also the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet, which he
-
ys shou«c repress::!: for the Emperor the triangle with the eye in the
centre, the so-called 'eye of Provider.ee'; /<^s WIRTH 1927 also

associates this card with the sicil for SULPHUR £p the form for which
nay be traced in the composition of the traditional design.
EXPRESS Qcc. WIRTK 1927 relates this 3rd arcanum of the Tarot pack to
the Hebraic G1MEL (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT) , and accords it the sigil uf the
so-called 'rncyptivo triangle 1

as well as the 'Set square' a
J
form aarivea from the ga.-mrw, the thira letter of the Greek alphabet.
WIRTH 1927 associates Lhe card with the zodiacal VIRGTN, and accords it
the standard sigil: T(V
END Bgo IMMORTAL ADAH and OMEGA
ENOUGH Ale:. Abbreviation v;hich pay be taken as a Kigil, derived from
L09
the Latin quantum satis, given in ALCHEMICAL 17d ^

EOH Qcc* Sigii given by KOCH 1930 as rune for horse: r\
EQUAL Ale. All Che variant sigils recorded by GESSMANN 1906 are
presumably abbreviations of the late L<itin ana, 'equal in quantity' i
EQUINOX occ. A basic sigii from the Rosicrucian stream of syrrtoolisn:,

recorded by GABELLA 1G15: fi-M This sigll is derived from the
eooaion forn for ARILS ( *| ) by John Dee for his MONAD, and is linked
with Lhe meeting at a single point of the Sun and Xoon r as well as with
tJiti concept of equal hours of day arid night. It is in a similar
spirit of symbolising that DEE 1564 gives *T1 as the symbol for
FIRE, 3.S derives from the first point of Arie*, the equinoctial point.
BLAVATSKY I0O& gives the siqil o^Zp as ' Lhv two equinoxes and lha two
solstices placed within the figure of the earth's path'.
2SSENCE Qaa- SOMMBBHOTP 1701 gives for essentia; ^fc tp

KOCH 1930 gives a dot as sigii, presumably derived fron his personal
interpretation of the graphic etymology c:£ the aigil ho cftllS EYE OF
GOD: O in the sequence of sigils described by ULAVATSKY 188B,
the first sigii represents the undifferentiated spirit, 'Lhe on&
iafinitG «irid ufiftnov/j Essence' which 'exists frojn ail eternity 1
; C_}
This sigii is the first in a series of stages relating to the idea cf

materia: MANTFEST?*TION.
See aUo QUINTESSENCE and UNITY.
ESSENCE OP TARTAR flic* Several mediaeval sigils for the salt are given
by G&SSMANN 1906= *^j> \^ ^
ESSENTIAL OIL See ESSENCE.
ESSENTIA QUTNTA See QUINTESSENCE.
LID
.
EOH-ETR
ETERNAL DARX Occ. Sigil given by BOEHMEN 1635 to represent the

'kingdom oS darkness dwelling in itself and the 'external nature in the
anger'; *Z? As a sigil It is a component of the ETERNAL LIGHT.
ETERNAL LIGHT Occ . Sigil given by BOEHMEN 1635 to represent the 'Spirit
in the essence* , the flash (also symbolised by the sigil for the SUN).
The sigil is 'eternity and tin*?, God in love and anger, moreover heaven
and hell': © As a sigil it is a composite of the ETERNAL DARK and
the 5ALNITER.
ETERNITY Occ . In her basic sigil components used in astrology HONE 1951
gives the sigil O 9
to represent the 'never ending and 'spirit or
primal power' (though this term has nothing to do with the Archai of
the Dionysian system of hierarchies) KOCH 1930 gives (somewhat

imaginatively) a sigil for otornity; O
ETUERIC Occ. SCHEFFERS 1775 gives a sigil <> & for Ather, which may in
fact be related to the Newtonian concepL, rather than to the occultist,

A sigil give;; by GEHEIME 1785 is perhaps intended for the equivalent
of the Paracelsian ens veneni: j-j^
However, sec also VFGETABILlA.
A sigil form given by AYMES 1975, representative of the meeting of the

'solar' and "lunar
1
forces (the efchezic and astral respectively}, may be
che rosicrucian symbol which is the basis for the modern rival of the
form as for example ir- MERCURY 1977: these may be txa«tft to a sigil-
diagrum in STEINER 1923= © BERGKANN 1785 gives
8
- = for Aether.
See also The reference to the id«a o£ sigils for the ethcric in the
Introduction to this DICTIONARY f on page L3*
See AKASHYA, CELESTIAL VAPOUR and QUINTESSENCE.
ETRUSCAN SCRIPT Occ. One of the secret alphabets recorded within the
occult tradition {see SECRETT SCRIPTS) i under a variety of different
names and letter-orders. One cf these alphabets, preserved by
VIGMERE 1586 (see r.ext page),* illustrates in an interesting way the
der:v.jtion of the so-caiied secret scripts from historic alphabets,

for the distinguishing letter for the £ sound of the Etruscan historic
111
-
alphabet has the forms (recorded by JENSEN 1970): Q Y ? *s which

art! continued In the s&cr&t riuscan alphabet. It is accordingly
interesting to compart* the alphabet given by VIGNERE 1536 (first below!
wiLh a regular historic form (and variations) recorded by JKKSliN 1970
for non-occult purposes {second group beLow)
a 1. c <l e i"
S h i
J k i 111 11
7 V, 3 8 D f \ 1 J M VI
H A 1
7 71 V % zx z
o |) q r s i u v w x y z ch a
w\
a 8 3 \* 3
a b c <> c i" >-> h i
.j
,k i 111 11
\M 1
£_ 3 8 > B 1 si
1
1 9 a t Y
h 1 ® tx
1
<
o p (] r s i u v w x y
+
L^_i 1 * o
In other respects this so-called 'Etruscan 1
of the occult tradition
clocely resembles the historic Faliscan t and is close in many of its
letter-forms to the so-called N0ACH1TE SCRIPT.
EUCHARIST Oec. Several variant forms arc given by BOCK 1931, as used
by the early Christians: ® ® ~\"
HVANGULltTS See FOUR EVANGELISTS
EVENING Aic- KOCB 1930 gives a modern siqil which is (presunably) a

graphic rationalisation for 'the setting sun 1
: S-*
112
EUC-EYE
EVOLiri'ION Qcc* In her complex nuii:erological study, BLAVATSKY i888

gives the aigil (3 aa a symbol of the 'evolution and fall into
generation or matter'. But see also EARTH
EXALTATION Ale . The sigil given by ALCHEMY 1650 is for the alchemical
process, and has nothing to do with the astrological doctrines
-
concerning the exaltation of planets*
EXHALATION Occ. KIRCHER 1655 *f K
EXPECTANT SOUL Occ. KOCH 1930 gives a modern sigil: j
EXTRACT Ale* CAKRICHTERUS 1BC

GESSMANN 1906 ^£ ALBERTUS 1974 ^P-i
SOMMERHOFff 1701 gives »- Q* ^> for e^tractio sieffa.
EJTTRACT OP CORAL Ale- CARR1CUTERUS I 8C (§
EXTRACT OF GOLD Ale. CARRICHTERUS 18C sjy
EXUS1A1 Ast. SUCHER 1975 appears to link the sigil for Gemini J_\_ with
the Sphere of the Exusiai, which is traditionally associated with the

SPHERE OP TUE SUN,
EYE Qcc+ DERTUELOT 1885 records an ancient Greek form, and a varianr
from th« alchemical tradition; O /7\
EYE OF ETERNITY Dec, Hume and sigil given in Boiehme's graphic system
as recorded by LAW 1772 , representing that 'which cannot be pourtraued*
in a figure which 'comprehends all whatever God and Eternity is*: S^^
This sigil is derived from the union of LIGHT, WRATH and the ELEMENTS-
EVE OF GOD Occ. Sigil given by KOCH 1930, which is of course the
post-mediaeval sigil for the SUN: Q See also HOLY DEITY
113
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HER/4ETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
FAEX VINI Ale* SOMMRRHOFF L701 *${?
See DREGS
FALL OF MAK Occ. SLgil given by BLAVATSKV 1888 in the seqtt&nce of

sigils outlined in MANIFESTATION, to symbolise the disappearance of the
spiritual circle from the sigil for ORIGIN \-r? which denotes the
complete descent of Mankind Into matter:
FtittALE Qcc:* The most common sigil is that adopted from the mediaeval
traditional forms for VENUS: V and this has been taken into the*
modern canon? however , GEHEIME L7S5 gives; uj
FERMENTATION Ale. LUEDY 1928

The sigil given by BERTHELOT 1385 is for a verbal use, 'to ferment'.
MICHAELSPACHER 1616 gives the sigil \_3 next to the sign or
constellation Capricorn, perhaps to symbolise the alchemical process
of fermentation*
FERMENTUK ALBUM See SILVER
tfEKUGO See RUST
FILTER Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 records for filter the siqilTC and for
the H ro - ttS:i ^ c fiitmtion thfl forms O^D ^j" 1
J- ^^ fp ^ "^
114
.
FAE-FTR
WORLIDCE 1651 ^fy LUEDY 192R ^ ^? &

SCHNEIDER 1962 Â- CU y ^ AL3EKTUS 1974 Nj/
FINIS AQUARII See I1AURIENS PRIMUS
FINIS ARIET1S See COR TAURI
FIK1S CANCR1 See FRON3
FINIS GEKINOKUM See BRACHIUM
FINIS LEONIS See CAUDA LL'ONlS .
FINIS LTBRI See CORONA.
FINIS 5C0RPI0NIS See CAUDA SCORPIONIS.
FTNIS TAURI See CAPUT CANIS
FTR3 Oca* The rrujority of the following sigils wore originally

inLctfided to denote the 'principal and* spiritual 1
of the four elements,
sometimes called the 'heavenly r , rather than to refer tc the
incandescent gasos which wo nowadays call 'fire 1
,
For example, SOMMERROFF 1701 no~os that fire is "the efficient cause,
adcoqu® influuns in affectum* arui provides zhc following siyls:
FRANCKLYN 1627 *£%*& ALCHEMY 1650 *-/

KIRCEER 1655 %*' ALCHEMICAL I 7C A& AT 2"
O \
SilELTON 17C /\ A STGNA 17C &^
DIDEROT 1763 2^. GBHEIHE 1785 Z\
GESSMANN :906 // ^ Ô CARB0N3LLT 1925 (P~
LUSDY 1928 2~0 KOCH L93° O

SCHNEIDER 1362 J£
11!
t
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMRTTC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
3ERTHEL0T 1885 records the sloil ^£ff for fire from the ancient
Greek alchemical tradition/ but this sigil applies equally t;o the*
1
fir«' planet MASS-
DEE 1564 gives the sigilfl) for alchemical fire thOLgh it is evident
from the text tha- he has in mind that the siqil also represents the
elemental fire (see MONAD) which sigil he calls the 'the mystical
sigi j nf Aries* z his diflciple GABELLA 1615 appears to have linked it
in a variant fcro: with the elemental fire: (r~)
HELLING 1735 gives a sigii linked with the ancient form derived from
the SEAT- OP SOLOMON /&± which Vie says is the 'Spiritual and
Invisible Fire* , chat occult Fire which existed before die descent of
Lucifer. OLIVER 1S26 gives £k as an 'ancient Egyptian 1 sigil
for elemental Fire- On a more rruLpriul plane, SIGNA 17C records
the sigil . for carbon fire, which relates to GRADES OP FIRE.
See also DULL FIRE, FIRE TRTPLTCTTY rind OCCULT FIRE
FIRE BAPTISM See THREE BAPTISMS.
FIRE HAND Pal* in modern chirognomy , a sigii used to denote the male
Fire ha::d type, sometimes called Lhe Intuitive hand form, qiv^ri by
SETTINGS 1965; <3?
The female hand type is giver: the routed sigil- $
FIRE PROOF Ale. Sigil recorded by GESSMANN 1906: ^

FIRE TRTPLICITI3S As . A aigil recorded by AGRIPPA 1510, but rarely
used afterwards, is an uncou.foi table union of coiLoion sigils for the
fire signs Aries r Leo and Sagittarius: ^ ^-/
'
See also FIRE.
FIRST Occ. CUASSANT 1B84 records two tre:iiaeval abbrevj anions for the
Latin prima: p L?
FIRST HOUSE See ASCENDANT.
lie
.
FIR-FIX
FIVE Sec ARCHETYPES
Fix flic. The sigils are used in the alchemical sense of fixating.
FRANCKLYN 1627
SBLLTON 17C y-n
<J-
U,
ALCHEMY 1650 ^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 \/ ^r 7 =5^ ^ DIDEROT 1763 ^ %
poisson iasi ^ schneisek 1962 \y
FIXATION Aic. MICHAELSPACllhJR 1616 gives the sigil ?)~^p next, to the
cign or constellation Gemini, perhaps to eyntboliae the alchemical

process of fixation, though the sigil is a variant for ORPIXRNT.
SCRNE1DEP 1962 gives the sigils for fixatio: \/ \ ^^ ^
FIXED Ale-. For the alchemical application, GEOFFRCY 1718: "N/
For the astrological application, see FIXITY
FIXED CROSS Ast. A sigil introduced by BAILEY 1934 as diagram to

express the combination o£ the four fixed signs of nhe zodiac (Taurus,
*"*¥~"
Leo, Scorpio and Aquarius) ;
See also FIXITY.
FIXED SAL ALKALI Ale. GEOFFROY 1718 g?\/

DIDEROT 1763 £>-v
FIXED STAR Ast. From early mediaeval tines the fixed star has been
symbolised by ncans of u cross or by a circle <-or example, see the
manuscript yiANSIONES 14C) , though KlkCrlER IG55 gives the sigil b^£
and SYSTEMES 1BC gives: A
When such a sigil is confined to the horoscope figure, the star is
generally intended to indicate the influence of a particular fixed
star, which is usually named within the horoscope (Eor example, see
IDN EZRA 1485)
A common variant is ^ often used to distinguish the sigil from
that used Eor the SEXTTLE aspect, which also is found in horoscope
117
. 5 ,,
DICTIONARY OF OCCVLT r HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STGILS
charts- Tr, an example from PEAHCE 1B93, In the horoscope for King
George V r the Sigil precedes the name Aldebaran - however. In a
manuscript copy of this figure, the star sigil Ig changed to a small
square d which symbolises the star. This form is however very
rare, and appears to be restricted to the USA. The following
fixed stars have been accorded individual aigils In the astrological

tradition: ALDEBARAN, Algol (CAPUT ALGOL), Algorab {ALA CORVI)
ALPHECCA, Antares (COR SCORPION1S} r
ArctUTUS (ALTAMECU) , CAPELLA,
Deneb Algebi {CAUDA CAPRICORNI), PLEIADES, PoLaris (CAUDA URSAKJ

Procyon ICAKIS M7N0R) , S2CULUS (see also COR LEONTS) , Slrius (CANTS
MAJOR}, SPICA, Vega (VULTUR CADENS) Tn his study of Rosicrucian
symbols, GABKLLA 16L5 gives the sigil Q^ whilst dealing with
stars, but *che forru itself is ambiguous within the text.
FIXED SULPHUR Ale. SIGNA 17C $
FIXITY Ast. Modern sigil for the fixed q/jality, given by DE VORE
1947: [T] B-Jt see also FIXED CROSS
FLAVOUR Ale. DIDEROT 1763: Q "*"

£
"*"
FLORES Ale. The sigils given under flor&s virides aeris by SCHNEIDER
1962 refer to VBRJIGRIS:
Sfi« FLOWERS, FLOWERS OF ANTIMONY, FLOWERS
DSX^^&C&Pi^ OF 3RASS , FLOWERS OF LEAD,
.-'LOWERS OF STEEL, FLOWERS OF SULPHUR and FLOWERS OF VITRIOL
FLOOR Ale. The two sigils given below nay be applied to any "fine POWDER
SIGNA 17C <fti_ SCHNEIDER 1962 ©
See also MEAL
FLOW Ala. SOCttERHOFl 1701 ^0\_j O— K~*

=\- v
SA
G3SSMANN 1906 F <£ ^ V~0-*^~> i^
FLOWERS Ale. The cheTiical, rathe* tha:: the botanical, is intended in
lie
FIX- FOR
Che short- form sigil recorded by GESSMANN 1906: ^/

see also FLORES and VERDIGRIS
FLOWERS OP ANTIMONY Ale. SOMHERHOFF 1701 U j" O

DIDEROT 1763 "j~ *§*"
FLOWERS OF BRASS Ale. ONOMASTICUK 1574 j\

DIDEROT 1763
Y
The following siglls are given by GSSSMANN 1906 for floras virides
amris: jf <j> J\,
DIDEROT L763 '/j

—P*"7
FLOWERS OF LEAD Ale.
FLOWERS OF STEEL Ale - DIDEROT 1763 J^

FLOWERS OF SULPHUR Ale. SOMHERHOFF 1701 ^J? ^F
POISSON 1891 jr^ GESSMANN 1906 ^
FLOWERS OF VITRIOL Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 }3
FLUX Ale. SIGNA 17C ^ ^
FOG Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 gives the sigil Nl derived from the Greek
Wephnle meaning 'condensed vapour'.
FOOL ARCANUM Occ. W1RTU 1927 relates this last card (technically given
the zero, or unnumbered, but generally held to be the 22nd and final
card in the series) cf the Tarot pack to the Hebrew TAU, and accords
it the sigil O which alchenically is related to AL'JM, and of course
recalls the zero of our own numeration: the implication within this
choice of sigil is that the 'fool' should be seeking to make the zero
into a SUN sigil; Q
FORM Rat. LEO 1914 gives zhd sigil Q? wHiph represents 'all definite-
ness of form or limitation, such as birth, life periods of varying-
119
+
PrCTTOttARY OF OCCULT, HtRNETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
lengths, death or change of form and the moulding of forms that are
coming into manifestation* . It ia very likely that LED 1914 was
regarding the sigil as a representation of the basic horoscope figure
LEO 1914 also qives the ordinary sigil for this MOON X> to symbolise
f
zhc most subtle form of matL&r*
See also MANIFESTATION.
FORMIC ACID flic. SCHEPFERS 1775 Hx
FORTNIGHT See WEEK,
FOKTUNA MAJOR Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantic figures'.*
Port una (as it is often called} is linked by AGRIPFA 1531 with the
element Earth, the 'planet 1 Sun/ and the zodiacal sign Aquarius- A
multitude of variants (stars* dots, floral devices, etc:,) are used to
denote the same four-fold structure. The following sigils are
derived from the late mediaeval tradition* and are sometimes used to
denote the Su:;, as for example in TRITHEHIUS 1503.
FOKTUNA MINOR Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantic figures j*j
A multitude of variants (stars, dots, floral devices, etc.) is used

Lo denote the same four-fold arrangement • Fortuna Minor is linked
by AGRIPPA 1531 with the element of Fire* the 'planet 1
Sun, and the
zodiacal sign Taurus. The following sigils are derived from the
late mediaeval tradition, and are sometimes used to denote the Sun,
as for example in TRlTHEMIUS 1503.

AGRIPPA 1531
EEYDOK IGG'l ^
i 6 AAA 5^
FORTUNE flst, NEUGEBAUEH 1959 records a Grae co-Byzantine sigil for the
equivalent of the Arabian PARE ffior-tttn*)f the nodal point
occupied by the Moon when the Sun is regarded as being placed on the
horcscopo^ (Ascendant degree) in a chart: *-Q—
120
POR-FOU
FOUNTAIN WATER Ale. SIGNA 17C gt~* 'J* V "p

7
See also WATER.
FOUR ELEMENTS Occ. In the graphic system of WELLING 1735 "he slgli
relating to the so-called SEAL OF SOLOMON is used tc denote the

Tour elements, and explained as a form containing the golden ball of
the Schamayin: '\&f£>
DEE 1564 qives the simple cross -*— and the exploded cross— '— to
symbolise the four elements.

OLIVER 1826 gives ^^| as an 'ancient Egyptian' symbol.
FOUR EVANGELISTS Rcl . The Evangelists are most frequently symbolised

individually in terms of astrological associations.
SAINT MATTHEW is linked with the winged human Of AQUARIUS: ZZS^-
SAI'iT MARK is linked with the lion of LEO: q/£

SAINT LUKE is linked with the bull of TAURUS: O
SAINT JOHii is linked with the eagle (redeemed sigr.J of SCORPIO: "ftV
signs
Tn theory any of the sigils listed for these four fixed zodiacal
As
may be used to symbolise the Evangelists - see (SETTINGS 1978.
AGRIPPA 1531 listed wrongly (though without sigils) the relationships
between the elements and the signs, the correspondencies have been
wrongly copied ever since - foe example, WIRTE 1931 associates
Luke with TAURUS tf and EARTH, War* with LEO J\ and FIRE, but John
with SCORPIO tX]/ and AI3, though zodiacal Scorpio is actually a

Water sign. In turn, WIRTH 1931 also associates Matthew with
AQUARIUS y^ and with WATER, though the latter sign is actually an
Air sign, in spite of its name.
KOCH 1930 adapts two Christian sigils specifically for the four
Evangelists: ty
&$f°
FOURFOLD MAN Occ . Sigil given by STE1KER 1906 as representative cf
the fourfold nature of man, symbolising the physical* ether ic,

astral
and Ego 'bodies':

See also HIGEEH MAN
121
. —
FOURTH RACE See EARTH
FRACTURE Ale . GESSMANN 1906 <XXr>
FRONS Ast* Tenth of the mediaeval lunar mansions (in full, frons
L&onis) f called Al Jabhah in the Arabic astrological tradition* a sigil
~
far which is given by MANSIONES I4C; %'
A series of sigils, intended for amuletic use, and called finis Cancri,
is associated with this mansion, and recorded by ABANO 1303: OO JJ_4-'!-P
FROTH OF NITRE Ale DIDEROT 1763 Q) <^
FRUIT BRANDY Ale, GESSMANN 1906 Qs)
FULL HOOK Ast* Three ancient forms are recorded by OMONT 1894 tHI and
NEUGEBAUER 1959 <£n rj*-*L it is clear thai in the horoscopes the
last two sigils (at least) are intended to denote the most recent full
moon to th« hirthtime recorded in the figure*
SMITH 1GC gives a related sigil, which appears to apply tc the most
recent conjunction as veil as the opposition noted above: o°
FUMUS See SMOKE
IUNDLRE Ale. SIGNA 17C V^-A
FURNACE Ale. Almost all the sigils which are not merely vestigial
diawings of furnaces have come from alchemical mediaeval sources:
SIGNA 17C H ¥ SOMMERHOFF 1701 EB3
DIDEROT 1763 F^3 GESSMANN 1906 [H E3
SIGNA 17C gives a sigil for furnus cupell&tori; ~). — and one for
furnus puharion: 6 * +&
See also GRADES OF FIRE
FUSION Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 -~~?
122
KOU-GSM
GABRIEL Mag- As this Archangel is ruler o£ Lhc MOON, almost any of the
sigils given for this 'planet' might be used to symbolise him.
TRITHEMIUS 1503 "V B S-A^"^ BRAHE 1582 t£j-P
""
>
~H~^
SCHEIBLE 1848 jEi|^L^T C/A^
See also GRAPHIEL, SPHERE OF THE MOON and SPIRIT OF AQUARIUS
GARNET Ale. FRANCKLYN 1627 ® SHELTON 17C "^*

SOMMERBOFF 1701 £ - GESSMANN 1906 *&-?,
SCHNEIDER 1962 i£-
GEMINI Ast. The most common modern sigil for the zodiacal sign of the
'Twins', also used indiscriminately for the constellation of the same
name, is given by HYG1NUS 1482, derived ultimately from the ancient
manuscript tradition (see NEUGEBAUER 1959 below) : JJ The sigil is
said by AGRIPPA 1510 to be based on the idea of 'embracing', though

most modern explanations art* based on the idea of communication.
Ancient Egyptian (demotic) BERLIN 42AD "
STOBART 2C ^\~^r SFIEGELBERG 1911 I -+T
-f-t-
Graeco-By2<2ntine, cSOOAD NEUGEBAUER 1959 ^JX ° \ \

~ T
WALTER 1970 gives a Greek variant which was also used for 'lead': z\\~
ASTRONOMICAL 1400^J^ JANUA 14C
-Jj^
LEUPOLDI 14C jf MANSlONIBUS 1482 ^\\ .
SCI1YKAGEL 1500 |_4~ ASTROLOGICAL 15C <^J

BONATTI ISC O^ QUADRANTIS 15C (g,
^
123
.
LAMBECIUS 1500 -ft BLUNDEVILLE 1602 3i. 1L

ASTROLOGY 17C ~Sr MftGICI 17C 0^^
TABLE 17C jt> TRACTS 17C H
VAf-LEMONT 1707 j=^ SOKHEKHOFF 1701 [1 2 -^
30UaiS-LECLEHCQ 1899 %) WIRTH 1927 341
NEROMAN 1537 ^ XT WILCZKOWSKI 1947
I.'JEDY 1928 records a related siqil from the Syrian astrological
trad i Lien: ~o~
LEOPOLD! 14C gives a siyil for the constellation Gemini:
See also mysterious; planets and SPIRIT OF gf^ki
GENIUS OF EARTH Occ AGRIPPA 1531 J^°
GENIUS Of PlK^; Occ AGRIPPA 1531 QS
GENIUS 02" WATER Occ. AG3IPPA 1531 O
GENUINE SULPHOR Occ. GESSHANN 1906 gives the mediaeval

sigils: <& .y* </* Q-o
See also SULPHUR
GE0MANT1C SIGILS G'ô. The sixteen figures of the geomantic tradition

have been accorded very many variant terms - for example, the figure
AM1SST0 hay been expressed in the forms giver, by AGRIPPA 1531 *** TABULAE
L5C *«• and SCHMUCTEN 1642: ZH -lee each of the entries
under the names given below for the associate 'geomantic characters':
ALBUS
* ~ FORTUNE MINOR
9
1
* r
» * P o
*
-
'^ V
-f— L0B7TTIA » * a
AMISS TO V
O 9
AQVISITj \0 V POPVLSJS fl
r
G
"
CAPUT *
V * PAELLA
1
T
j *
* • a
CJl&GBB PUER •>
•*-
V
a
-j—
5 RUBEUS 9 C '
CAUDA * *
*** d a ~7~"
CQXJiMC: ?IO • TFIST7TTA

* *
i •
FORTVSR MAJOR fa
p * VIA *
1
124
.
GUN- GOD
GIMEL The third Letter of the Hebrew alphabet for which very
Occ.
many variants and derivative forms are given Within the tradition of
secret- alphabets <see HEBRAIC SCRIPT) , notably those collected by
BAKTOLOZZT 1675: </JJ VW 4~ «k Q WIKTH 1927 equals
iiSnielwith the Tarot arcanum c£ the EMPRESS, and thus with the zodiacal
Virgo. WI3TH 1927 traces the graphic etymology of the Hebrew form
from vestigial drawings relating to early alphabets A \'
/\ /\ \
and links the form with the id&a of 'camel , though the historical
1
connexion with the Egyptian hieroglyphic pictorial form would

suggesL the idea of 'officialdom' (see JENSEN 1970)
JINGER Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 g^

GLASS Ale ONOyASTlCUM 1574 /V\.
VALENTINE 1671 ALCHEMICAL L7C ©

SHELTON 17C — SICNA 17C O'
DIDEROT 1763
GESSKANN
SHEPHERD 1971
i 906
\H\
O—O
OH
i-L- °S
C - T VflO^
LUEDY 1928 records a sigil from the Syrian alchemical tradition
3ERTHET.OT 18B5 records an ancient GreoX form: jX*
^
GESSMANN 1906 records three sigils for glass drop: o—* ^= <y
See also the notes regarding the application of this sigil under VITRDM
GLUE Ale. GESSYANN 1906 ^ (7 (£/
See also LUTUM SAPIENTIAE
GOD Occ. A sigil derived from the Boehmiar. philosophy, recorded by

LAW 1772, 'comprehends all whatever Cod and Eternity is';£(£ hut see
EVE OF ETERNITY. CHASSANT 18B4 gives several mediaeval

abbreviations for the Latin Deus:T 15 £p <J~ KOCH 1930 gives three
sigils which are derived from the theosophical image for ONE I and
the ancient image for the TRINITY: Z\ "OC'
KIRCRER 1655 cÊ

See also DEITY.
L2'j
—
GOLD Ale. Since In the alchemical and astrological tradition gold is

synonymous with SUN, all the sigils used Tor this 'planet
1
may be
used to denote the Metal, and indeed may denote both at the Same LiMe.
The following sigils are specifically given for gold, but as the sigils
given under the entry for SUN indicate, they and related variants are
used tor the solar body.
BERTUELOT 1885 records for the metal the ancient Greek astrological
sigil for the Sun: & ?
<$
ALCliYKlA 1563 Cr
WORLIDGE 1651 a^> &' Z$-. 0? *$* £ "A" - A^ 6^%
©
CROLLTUS 1612 © SHELTON 17C $? ^% ££ 3& </
SOMMEHHOPF 1701 <£>«=> C? OC Gr^ <D 5 C^ ^ £7 Ô, D&
DIDEROT 176."> O (p . . *-«
Q^v-
GESSKANM 1906 J^. -=£> Ô © & tf "O <3 V-
c=g ,=3 u^ {2^£3 ^^JL M^1/Î J
GOLD ALLOY /lie. BURTHEL07 1385 records an ancient Greek sigil:
GOLD DUST Ale. GESSMANN 1906 @
GOLD FILINGS Ale BS3THEL0T L885 records an ancient Greek sigil:
GOLD FOIL Ale. DIDEROT 1763 E <& GESSMANN 1906 G3
GOLD LEAF Ale. SCHNEIDER 1962
BERTHELOT LE85 records a few sigils from the Greek alchemical

tradition: I£? d£ d3?'
GOLD LITHARGE Ale. GESSMANN 1906 °~£**

Jj
g^ *^
GOLD PAINT Ale. SOXMErfKOFF 1701
126
GOL-GRA
SCHNEIDER 1962 J2?

But see also AURUM KUSTCUM
^
GOLD SAFFRON Ale * GESSMANN 1906 W"£)
GOLD SOLDER Ale* BERTHELOT 1885 records two sigils from ancient Greek
alchemical texts;
GOLD SPIRIT See SPIRIT OP GOLD
GRADE Ala. GESSMANN 190& records mediaeval abbreviations and siqilH

restricted to the verbal use: ^* ÂIÂr T^
GRADES OF FIRE Ale* There are four different grades, each linked to
the four elements, for which ALCHEMY 1650 gives the following sigils:
AXR ~C?- /\ EARTH Ad "f^"
FIRE -y~ WATER 3 ft ^% ~X~
These are usually termed (respectively) , the aerial, cineris, ign&
apcrto and h&lsmum m&ri&e.

SOMMERliOFF 1701 gives the following sigila for the four grades;
* <P 3 r?
SHELTON 17C gives a simple series -^ ~^f ""1~

"J^" while GESSMANN
1906 records a (mediaeval) sigil which stands for the general idea
ot- 'grades of fire 1
: ""^ This last sigil may be adapted in various
combinations with the standard sigils o£ the elements, so that for
example *"^"
J
may be used to indicate igno aperto.
LUEDY 1928 records the sigils for the four grades In a simple
progression : X X* *X* *##
SOMMERHOFF 1701 lists other systems, one of 8 ana one of 9 grades, but
provides no related sigils.
GRAIN Ale. A measure of weight, one twentieth of the SCRUPULUH,
DIDEROT 1763 ^° ^£ GESSMftH 1906 X O ^
127
GKAPHIEL Maq* Sigil for spirit (in cabbalistic lore an alternative

name for GABRIEL) given by HEYDON 1664, to represent letter G in secret
writing called 'the Alphabet of Angels and Genii';
GRATE Ale. Mediu«viil siqii recorded by GESSMANN 1906 and apparently
restricted to veroal use:
GRAVEL 13AT1I Ale * GESSMAWN 1906 qives several mediaeval variants based
apparently on the idea of arena, or sand: c/t\ >\**0 «Wv4V
GREATER WORLD Oca. WELLING 1735 reinterprets the modern sigil for the
SUN as an image of the lesser world (the point, which represents the
human being), standing within the ambient of the Greater World (the
circle which represents the Macrocosm) , deriving CJ from vjj)
To some extent he is following the symbolic forms of DEE 1564/ as set

out in his study of the MONAD, but WELLING 1735 reasons that the inner
nature of iaan is potential gold (the sigil for uhe Sun is also of
course the sigil for GOLD) , and is efcernaJ and indestructible ,
DEE 1564 gives the sigil, later called the circulus simplex in the
Rosicrucian literature* to represent the Macrocosm and as one of the
three basic Eurrr.s which link the invisible am] celestial spiritual
world (that is, the Greater World) with the visible world, the open
product of Nature: CJ)
GREEK Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a short -form from a collection of

Greek alchenical texts: >*&
GHEEN VITRIOL Ale. DIDEROT 1763 <&—\
See also VITRIOL,
GUX Ale. Generally the sigils would appear to relate to the gum arable
but ether resir. gums may also be signified.
C
ALCUYM1A L563 j~? <A~ ^L^ FRANCKLYN 1627
J^ ~?
ALCU^HICAI. L7C *lfi shelton nc ofz ^
1^8
GRA-GYP
SOMMERHOFF 1701 J^S <5T3 & C 9~^ iT^T

DIDEROT 17G3 J^r ^ SHi
GESSMANN 1906 records the following as general sigils for 'gum' *h7q fir\
tf-t y^T* ^*~| 1° wlth tho e ° ilowin9 specifically listed

J""^ fe"
as for 'gum arabic': Q, J^ /°°f' » © "* ^
SCHNEIDER 1962 gives the sigil -£ for 'gum arabic'.
See also GLUE and LDTUM SAPIENT I AE
GYPSUM Ale. SIGNA 17C _I&
,^
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMTCAL SIGILS
HAEMATITE Ale. SIGNA 17C 8$.
SOMMERHOFF 1701 / g -^- Ej

GESSMANN 1906 4- ^j ff '"^T"
-
""T " "^~"
<J>
SCHNEIDER 1962 M Sec also BLOODSTONE
HAGITH tog-. Sigil given by TRITHEM1ES 1503 as sigil for a spirit of

Venus : Li=i-^J_>
HAGONEL. Wag. Sigil for demon linked with the Moon, given by
AGRIPPA 16C:
HALF Ale. Two sigils given by GESSMANN 1906, probably derived from
si
the Latin semis: ^y /3

BKRTHELOT 1905 records an ancient Greek form from the alchemical
tradition: Q,
HALF-DRAGMA Ale . DIDEROT 1763 ~f fr
HALF-LITRK Ale. DIDEROT 1763 +f
HALF-OUNCE Ala, DIDEROT 1763 r *
HALF-PUGLLLUM Ale. Mediaeval sigils recorded by GESSMANN 1906 related

to the abbreviation for the Latin pugillus semis: AJ aj$
See PUGILLUM
!_':'
11AE-UAK
HAYiAlilSLi Mag. BRAHE 1592 gives several fiiglls, all mediaeval in origin,
for the angel associated with the zodiacal Virgo; 'Vt-° rr t"l~° $Q )
Within the geomantic tradition* HEYDON 1664 gives the siyil V*0 for
Hamaliel as the genius of CONJUNCTIO, but AGRIPPA 1531 gives this as the
sigil Cor the ruling spirit of zodiacal Virgo.
SOC SPIRIT OF VIRGO,
HANAEL Mag. BRAHE 1562 gives several sigils, ail mediaeval in origin,
for the angel associated with zodiacal Capricorn; jZ ^*^~F PM ^ *
Within the geomantic tradition HEYDON 1664 gives Lhe sigil _J for
HanaeJ as the genius of CARCER f but this is almost certainly a
confusion with the Hebrew letter recorded by AGRIPPA 1531 in this
context.
See SPIRIT OP CAPRICORN.
HAND FaJ . The classification of lines and areas u£ the hand in the
chiromantic tradition is related mainly tc the use of astrological

symbolism - for example/ AGRIPPA 1531 gives the following sigils:
ZJT (Jupiter) for index; "ft (Saturn) for middle finger; £) (Sun)
for ring finger; 2 (Mercury) for little finger; Q (Venus) for
Lhe ball of the thumb; T^ (Moon) for hypcthenar eminence: X (Mars!
for central palm. The chirognomic tradition incorporates similar
astrological sigils, but see also AIR HAND, EARTH HAND/ PIKE HAND,
WATER HAND and TEMPERAMENTS.
HANDFUL Ale. Sigil given by GE5SMANN 1906 is probably an abbreviation

of the Latin manipuJus: ^/Vl a measure sometimes wrongly confused with
the PUGILLUM.
HANGING MAN WIRTU 1927 relates this 12th card of the Tarct arcana
Occ.
to the Hebrew LAMED, and accords it the sigil which is the ^
symbol of the 'completion of the Great Work (of alchemical
transmutation)presumably because this sigillic form nay be traced
• ,
within cho structure of the card {this being a reversal of the

structure within zhc WORLD ARCANUM).
131
: ,
HARDNESS
HARTSHORN Ale. The sigil given by GESSMANN 1906 is no doubt an

abbreviation of the Latin cornus cervi:
ALBERTUS L974
SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives £or 'burned hartshorn' the forma:
™= JL
while GESSMANN 1906 gives: ^^ \f ^C "V
HASMODAI Mag. Sigil supposed by HEYDON 1664 to be a geomantic spirit,
ruler of VIA and POPULUS, but the sigil appears to be a poor copy of
that given by AGRIPPA 1531 as ruling spirit of the Moon. HEYDON 1664
gives whilst AGRIPPA 1531 gives: fy
J}
UASMODET, Mag-. Sigil given for geornantic spirit by HEYDON 1664, genius
of AMISSlO, but an identical sigil is given by AGRIPPA 1531 as ruling
spirit of 2odlacal Taurus: ~7
HAURlENS PRIMUS Ast. The twenty-sixth mediaeval lunar mansion, called

Al Furgh al Mukdxm in che Arabic astrological tradition, a sigil for
which is recorded in MANSIONES 14C: ?
A sigil designed for amuletic use, and associated with this mansion
(called finis Aquarii) is given by A3AN0 1303:
,
HAURlENS SECUNDUS Ast. The twenty-seventh of the mediaeval lunar

mansions, called Al Fargh al Thani in the Arabic astrological tradition,
a sigil for which is recorded in MANSIONES 14c
HE Occ. The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which very many derivative forms have been given in the tradition
of secret alphabets, notably those collected by BARTOLOZZI 1675
f^
cT îf 3~t \A 2<£ W1RTH 1927 equates lie with the
arcanum the POPE in the Tarot pack, and thus with zodiacal Aries.
His list of earlier alphabetic forms for the letter, all related to
the proto- Hebraic, ?K "~? "7s ~/\ he derives from the idea of
-
132
HAK-HEB
'window', though it is more likely that the vestigial drawings were

originally derived from the Egyptian hieroglyphic with the pictorial
value of 'a shout of jubilation' * see JENSEN 1970.
HEAT Ale, The following sigils are obviously derived from the main
sigillic forms for FIRE, though heat is specified within the
texts - ^jv-
FRANCKLYN 1627 J\ sheivtok lie A
See also GRADES OF fire.
HEAVEN Ala. BERTHELOT 1885 giveg a Greek sigil derived from the
ancient alchemical tradition, which could be confused with the basic
sigillic form for LIBRA, but which is specifically recorded for the
heavens; —n—
KIRCHER 1655 }0 LUEDY 1928
HEAVENLY SCRIPT Spe CET.FSTIAT, SCRIPT
HEBRAIC SCRIPT Qcc. The Hebraic characters used in various sections

of this Dictionary are those listed as standard by W1RTE 1927;
N ALEPH
"7 LAMED
n BETH
"0 MEM
a GIMEL
2 NUN
l DALETH SAMF.K
n RE
13 AYN
VAU PE
El
T ZATN
X TSADE
n HETH
s?
1
KOPH
V TETH
1 RESCH
9 JOD W SCKIN
3 KAPH n TAU
133
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC ASD ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
This alphabet does not diverge in any significant way from the orthodox
'square' bebraic forms: the Roman orthography has been determined with
reference to the general occultist literature, and a short entry for
each of the 22 letters has been included in the entries. The 22
characters are, of course, derived ultimately from a deeply
significant magical structure, relating both to sound values and to
the ancient pictcgraphic symbolism, and it is probahly this which
has contributed so much to the development of the secret and nugical
scripts associated in occultism with the language. The simplest
intention underlying such scripts is that a sigil be derived from the
Bebraic form to represent that letter, and to connote the charge of
magical meaning implicit in the sound, pictographic form and its
corresponding numerical value, A good example may be seen in one of
the most famous of such secret alphabets, the celestiaJ In the form
preserved by AGRIPPA 1531:
3 1 n 1 T n V T 1
^
X2 7 T n 13 A A
n 9 9 X> wT
os;ax7"\a3n -
However, the interpretation of such scripts Is rendered especially

difficult by the wide-spread Notarikon techniques used by both the
canbalists and the occultists, and by the prevalent use of G&tatria
and Temurah - all of which render interpretation a hazardous business.
The synoptical 'magical 1
alphabet given by WIRTH 1927 in his study of
Tarot symbolism is actually related to the historic Moabite:
K 3 X i n 1 I n V »
3 * u ;
* 3 ~\ A \ 1 I M m 2 -y L
w 1
bL
-3 h- 9 ^ w X
o v -\ uj n
This pxamole should serve to remind us that very many of the so-called
L .i -1
'
HEB-HEB
'secroL' scripts are merely alphabets taken over fro:u historic sources
for magical purposes. Thus, the historic Samaritan book script
recorded by JENSEN 1970 (for non-occult purposes) clearly formed
the basis for a number of secret scripts:
K 2 A 1 n "t I n V 1 j s» 2 J
U m
i
<V SL n v <* * ei °0T 71 z^ tl £

% 7 ? Hi)
~2
3 CD hf
'
-\ u; n
In this connexion, see the entry under SAMARITAN SCRIPT - but a sample
from POSTEL 1538, who records two variants, is a good example;
I! X ) n 1 ' n V > n > a 1

j
3 1 <*> % ~2 4 # G~ (Tf 3 ^ "i h

4 1 ^ 3" T ^ — 1
OJ Zl L *^ b~
I 1
J3> XT' rrf 2 9 to N

3 V i] &> ? ^ W _r n
-
U 2 7 -\ id
In some cases such scripts were adapted from the Hebraic to the Roman
or Greek alphabet (again for magical purposes) , as for example in the
alphabet recorded by VIGNERE 1586, which is called 'Phoenician' or
1
Ionic r though only distantly related to originals of those names:
1"
.1 i) C (1 e li k 1 Ml 1)
% ' '
M E> 1 IX] j% ft * SP W
l
L -y ? IXL
nH w ro K v5 A /* X % ^^^^~
o p <1 s 11 V \v x V /.
135
A glance at one or two of the characters in the so-called CELESTIAL

SCRIPT recorded from mediaeval sources by AGRIPPA 1531 indicates
something of the extent to which such scripts are derived from this
Samaritan form. A whole series of alphabets has been more obviously
derived - albeit imaginatively - from the variety of orthodox 'square'
forios, as for example in two of those recorded by BARTOLOZZI 1675:
-1
N 3 1 n 1 1 n
& -4 H °z 22
£4 nX ^ X u \c ^
a?
"> ID n
3 X 1 n 1 1 n J
1* *
>< K 14 B J
â H > X > K& 3
d y 3 ^ 7 1 id n
A large number of related Hebraic scripts are recorded in such texts

as SELENUS 1624 and TRITHEMIUS 150B, as in the sources already
mentioned above. In this Dictionary the following Hebraic or
Hebraic-derived secret scripts are recorded: ADAMIC,
BABYLONIAN, CANAWEAN, CUALDEAN, CELESTIAL, MALACHIM,
SAMARITAN, SOLOMONIAN, 5UPERCELESTIAL And TRANSITUS FLUVI1.
See also SECRET SCRIPTS
HECADOTH Mag. Sigil given for the spirit named by bEVDON 1664 (but
probably the cabbalistic Hechaloth was intended) to represent the
letter H in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of Angels and Genii':
tn
KELTOTKOPE S2GNA 17C
KliMATITE See HAEMATTTF
136
HEC-HER
HEPATIC ANTIMONY Ale* GESSMANN ! 906
HEPHAESTQS See VULCAN
HERB Ale. BERTHELOT 1BB5 records a sigil from the ancient Greek
alchemical texts: r<H
GESSMANN L906 *H 1~B ALBERTUS 1974 ^B
HERCULES Ast. Sigil given for a hypothetical planet, claimed by

WEHYSS 1927 to be the * ruler 1 of zodiacal Leo: +
HERMES See MERCURY.
HERMETICALLY SEALED Ale . GESSMANN 1906 records a sigil which is
probably intended to cov«r the modern sense of the term {but see
LUTUM SAP1ENTIAE) ;
j+
HERMETIC CROSS See CROSS and ORIGIN.
HERMETIC SIGIL Oca. DEE 1564 gives a sigil which is described as

'a small vessel containing the mysteries' and which rausL be regarded
as the equivalent of the sigil fiermefcicutfr: -^y The more complex
sigil of the MONAD may also be taken as the hermetic sigil:
SHELTON 17C gives the more frequent sigil: /^
LUEUY 1928 *£X
See also CHARACTER
HERMETIC TETRAD Occ* In his imaginative treatment of Tarot symbolism,
WIRTB 1927 gives the four sigils Q ~\~ /\ tT~l as che Hermetic Tetrad,
and treats each individually in terms of the symbolism involved in
their forms. A fifth sigil is derived from the first - the crescent
form of the Moon (J. and this participates with the Q to give the
sigil {for example) (p which is the basic SAL ALKALI, representing
the primordial substance 'subject to the transmutation of the Moon
1
137
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AWD ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
and is of course related to the most frequent sigil for TAURUS, which
zodiacal sign has a rapport with fertile earth. WIRTH 1927 further
derives the sigil Q from \j£ by way of \/ Such derivations
are entirely speculative, however/ and bear nc relation to the historic

etymologies of such graphic forms. The first of the tetrad/ the
solar sigil (^) is related to zero at one extreme, to the Sun at the
other (see for example FOOL ARCAKUM) , with the alchemical matter of
ALUM in between: the sigil is said to be 'Male, Active, Fixed* and ia
associated with Osiris and Reason, and with all other astrological
solar connotations. The derived Lunar sigil Q^ is said to be
'Female, Passive, Mobile', and associated with Isis and Imagination,

and with related lunar connotations. The second of the tetrad/ the
cross —— is related to the TAU and to the sphragis, and is thus
essentially a symbol of life engaged in four-fold matter. Placed
above a sign it is a symbol of achievement , as for example in the

alchemical. ANTIMONY Q which is in esoteric alchemy a redemptive
sign, the spirit of O disengaging itself from the working of Lhe
material plane. The cross below a sign, as for example in the most
frequent siqil for Venus CJ is, according to the esoteric tradition,
a symbol of 'redardation 1
/ representing the fall of spirit into
matter. The sigil for VERDIGRIS @ shows the integration of this
life principle within matter (see CROSS) r a sign of equilibrium and
health. The third cf the tetrad/ the triangle Â^ is presented as
the basis for the structure of the four elements; ^\ for Fire;5Z^Z for
Earth; \? for Water/ and -/^ for Air. The fourth in this
tetrad, the square, t~\ is seen as a symbol of equilibrium/ and
represents a fall into the senses: from this he derives such sigils
as the PHILOSOPHER'S STONE; t3 By similar graphic logic, WIRTB 1923
traces an 'etymology* and meaning for each of the sigils for the seven
planets, and indeed for some of the alchemical and astrological sigiLs.
This rationale also underlies certain of his speculations as to the
inner meaning of the TAROT pack.
HERMIT Occ. WI3TH 1923 relates this Pth arcanum of the Tarot pack to
15B
LIEK-HEX
the Hebraic TETH, and accords it the sigil Qg which is a square
divided into nine smaller squares, from which is derived the sigils
with the
jjj and L9 che latter said to be the figure 9, along
'primitive feci] 1
; Q7
BERSCHEL Ast. One of the early sigils for Lhis planet is given in
SIBLY 1817 *^T and was later said to be derived from the initial of
the discoverer Hersehel. LEO 1914 saw a related variant ]£[ as
a symbol of the unity of the three basic sigillic forms of 'Will,

Wisdom and Activity' (see URANUS), expressing a higher grade of
Mercury, of which he regards Kerschel as a higher octave.

STRAGGLING 1824 Jjf SHEPHERD 1971 \\-\
Eventually re-named URANUS, the two names co-existed in astrological

circles f and a large number of sigils, many of them personal to
individual astrologers, has been developed.
UESTIA See VESTA
BETH Occ. The 8th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT),
for which raany derivative forms are given within the tradition of
secret alphabets, notably those collected by 3ART0L0ZZ1 1675;^""]
Q3 £? £j W1RTH 1927 equates Hath with the Tarot arcanum

the JUDGEMENT, and thus with zodiacal Libra, In his study of thi>
graphic etymology of the letter he gives the fonns P fl LI v\ ]
which he associates with a pictographic 'hurdle

1
, though as JENSEN
1970 suggests, the forms are probably derived from the Egyptian
hieroglyphic with a pictorial value cf 'lotus flower 1
.
HEXAGON Ast. Sigil derived from Greek manuscript by OMONT 1894

relating ro the aspect of SEXTILE.
For the non-astrological form, see ELEMENTS, LOVERS ARCANUM,
TERNARY and VAYU-
in its esoteric aspect, the hexagon is treated in depth by BLAVATSKY
1888, who terms it the hieroglyphic senary. She records that it is
139
'the symbol of the commingling of the philosophical three fires

and the three waters, whence results the procreation of the elements
of all things. The Bane idea is found in the Indian equilateral
double triangle. For though it is called in that country the sign
of Vishnu, yet in truth it is the symbol of the Triad (or the
Trimurti) - For, even in the exoteric rendering, the lower triangle
\^7 With the apox downward, is the symbol of Vishnu, the god of the
moist principle of water .,. whilst the Lriangle, with its apex
upward, ^/\ is Siva, the Principle of Fire, symbolized by the triple
flame in his hand* 1
BLAVATSKY 188B makes the point that this sigil
is wrongly called 'Solomon's Seal', *jnd that it produces the Septenary
and the Triad at one and the same time, as well as the Decad* 'For
with a point in the middle or centre, thus 5& it is a sevenfold sign/
its triangles denote number 3, the two triangles show the presence of
the binary; the six points are the senary? and the central point,
the unit; the quinary being traced by combination, as a compound of
two triangles, the even number, and of three sides In each triangle,
the first odd number '
She further argues that this is why
Pythagoras and the ancients made the number six, the seziary, a sacred
number of Venus, since the union of the two sexes is required to
develop the generative force - the r
spagyrisation of matter by triads'
(quoting RAGON 1853).
HIEROGLYPHIC SENARY See HEXAGON
HIGHER KAN Occ - Sigil given by STEINER 1904 as representative of the

higher trinity within man, as yet to be developed: the Spirit Self,
Life Spirit and Spirit Man: Z\
See also FOURFOLD MAN.
HIPPOCRATXC WINE Ale . GESSMANN 1906 gives two sigils, both derived
from abbreviation: \H \rv
HIRCUS Ast* Mediaeval sigil for the fixed star, now alpha Auricle,
given by AGRIPPA 1510, but wrongly copied from the mediaeval rnanu-
140
HIE- ROM
script tradition (see ALAYOCU) z J>v^ This error has been

continued by later copyists, so that the wrongly copied form has been
adopted within the astrological tradition, even though it is in
fact indistinguishable from the sigil used for ALDEBAftAN.
HTSMAEL Mag. Sigil given for "geamantic spirit 1 by HEYDON 1664, said
to be ruler of AQUISITIO and LOETITIA, but sigil is given by AGRIPPA
1531 as ruling spirit of the planet Jupiter: (\

KEYDON 1664 gives a variant: ^J
HOLY DEITY Occ . A highly personal sigil given in Roehme's graphic

system, and constructed from a visual play with the German auge, 'eye*'
(AUg&) **
CD The u is presented as a V f and stands for desirei *It
is all things, and yet a nothing, it beholdeth itself, and yet finds
nothing but an A r which is the Eye'. This play between the V and its
reversal A gives several vigils, all of which represent the Eternal
Beyinning and the Eternal End - 'Thus the Abyss sees in itself and
findeth itself r
<) ^ xX see law i772
HOMER'S GOLDEN CHAIN Oca. A series of sigils relating to the occult

Aurea Catena llomeri or Annulus Platonicus is listed by HOMER 1723,
with variants in brackets from HOMER 1757:
Chaos eonfusum { A )
Spiritus Mundi voiatilis incorporeus

Spiritus Mundi acsidus carpomus
Spiritvs Mundi fixus alcalicus corporeus
Materia prima osnnium aorporuw sublunarium
Aniwaiia
Vegetahiiia, seu Azoth { Q )
Min&ralia
Spiritus Mundi concentralus fixus seu Extraatum Ch&oticum purum
Perfectio consummata, sou Quintessential Universal is ( jr )
HOMER 1723 also gives within the text two variants for the
extremes of CHAOS and Perfectio
i h :
EOLY GHOST Sue THREE BAPTISMS.
HONEY Ale. Several mediaeval! sitjils have been recorded/ u few of which
are abbreviations for Lhe Latin mel.
ALCHEMICAL 17C ® SHELTON 17C M~-<
SIGNA 17C r\ AJ> TYl
SOXMERHOFF 1701 £ JV£ Q ^ <^ ^8&-o 3& HZI CD W
GESSMANN 1906 £g £? SCHNEIDER 1962 JVf
HORN Ale. GESSMANN I90G Q 'JQ -3t>- .
DIDEROT 1763 givas two sigils for stag's horn: q £

See also HARTSHORN
HOROSCOPE Ast. OMONT 1894 records t.wo Greek forms {the firs- being
iinyular r the second plural) under the name horoscopos: S>
4
FRESNE 1688 records two singular forms: ^£ lis It must be noted,
however, that originally horoscopos was a term applied to thu Ascendant

degree of what we now term the 'horoscope' - see therefore ASCENDANT.
HORSE-DROPPINGS Ale. DIDEROT 17£>3 gives tha mediaeval sigils: Q/~

See also DUKG.
HORSERADISH OIL Ale. The Greek sigils from alchemical texts art!
formed Eroo: abbreviations of the Greek, rp.corded in BERTHELOT

1885: Q
HOT WATER See WATER
HOUR Ale. Several mediaeval sigils have been recorded, a few of which
arc vestigial drawings of the hour-glass-
WORLIDCE 1651^ § ^ VALENTINE 1671 "^
S1GNA 1/C ^^ -3 ^t
SOMK&RHOFtf 170. \^_>
"
/\+ HE \\ 3 H S 3 -
DIDEROT 1763 A I£C
142
O
HOL-KYD
GESSMANN 1906 B V Y^ 'tyi 1~ ^ -^4

LUEDY 1928 ^ V SCHNEIDER L9G2
BEHTHELQT IS8d records two plural forms (hours) from Greek alchemical
f] ^ A
manuscripts :
^\^ ^£
O«0NT 1894 gives filaa a Greek abbreviation: iiu
HOURGLASS SAND flic* GESSMAMN 1906
HOUSE Ast* CETT1NGS 1977 records two 14C abbreviations of the Latin
domus: £kl SÔrtJ The sigil given in QUA3RANTIS 15C may also refer to
'house': /^ CHASSANT 1884 gives a mediaeval abbreviation : %/
Bur see also ASCENDANT.
HOUSE OF GOD Oca. WIRTH 1327 relates this 16th <iLca:;uin of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic AYN, and accords It a personalised sigil Ô^T
which is obviously related to the associated zodiacal sign Scorpio.
HUMAN WORLD Occ* KIRCH RR 1655 O-f-f—
See uIho ASTRAL WORLD, ELEMENTAL WORLD and WORLD OF INTELLIGENCE
HUMIDITY Ale. SOHXEHHOPP 1701 LD
HYDROGEN Ale. DALTON IB08 ©
143
I CHING See TRIGRAMS
IGNIS FORTTS Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 tf^\ AA

IGNIS LENTUS See SLOW HEAT
IGNIS ROTAE Ale. VALENTINE 1671 gives the sigils @ ^ but this term
is almost, certainly synonymous with the REVERBERATING FIRE, the ignis
reverbcrius or ignis circulatozius for which SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives
the sigil (for both) @ and the sigils [c] £ for the latter.
SCHNEIDER 1962 gives the sigils (J £ Eor the circulatorius.
See also GRADES OF FIRE.
IMB1BIT10 Ale. Sigil given in ALCHEMY 1650 for a process of

di sti 1 lat ion : ?
IMMORTAL ADAM Oce. A sigil probably originated by DEE 1564 , but as a

concept derived from the Christian esoteric tradition of symbolism
relating to the significance of alpha and omega; tA=* DEE 1564
links the sigil with the idea of 'the Immortal Adam', 'End' , 'After
the Formation of the elements' , 'Manifestation' , etc./ and in connexion
with the Christos, with 'King of all ubiquitous' .
See also MORTAL ADAM and ELEMENTS.
INCERAT10N Ale. MICHAELS PACKER 1616 gives the sigil £3+ next to the
144
:
TCI I- INT
sign or constellation Sagittarius? perhaps to symbolise the alchemical

process of Jnceration.
INFINITY Occ* A modern sigil given by CIRLOT 1962 to represent the
'universe, the All' * infinity* : £Z) In this modern system of
occult graphics, the modern sigil for the SUN is representative of

'the centre of infinity; the emanation or first cause':
Some occultists see the exoteric sigil for infinity, the lemniscate
still used in mathematics OO as a union of the Sun and Moon, linked
at the point of time find space: see GETTINGS 197 3.
INFUSION Ale. Many of the mediaeval siqils given by GESSMANN 1906 rire
abbreviations for the Latin tinctura; J/? T~ ^C£ C 5 ft* Ro^
INQUISITORIAL SCRIPT Occ. A script preserved by VIGNERli 1586 and
said - on no sure showing - to have been used especially by the

Inquisition, though it appears to belong to the series of scripts
which are within the occult tradition termed Cazolingian. See
SECRET SCRIPTS.
a 1) C.d F,« h 1
J
in II
y S m a+ tf n > f X X oU t9
V oV X H % A if A •n
o p q s 1 11 V w x v z
INTEGRITY Dec. Sigil probably originated by KOCU 1930:
INTELLECT Oca. KOCll 1930 gives a highly personal sigil for 'inteJlact
in action*
See also CREATIVE INTELLECT, DISORDERED INTELLECT and PASSIVE INTELLECT
INTELLIGENCIES Qcc* Several variant sigils for each of the so-called

'planetary intelligencies 1 exist, and these may be examined in the
145
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SlGILS
entries under the names of spiritual beings nowadays called Archangels

but in certain esoteric documents/ as for example in TRTTHEMIUS 1522,
referred to as Intel ligenci&a of the Spheres (see ANAEL, GABRIEL,
MICHAEL, ORTPHTEL, RAPHAEL, SAMAEL and ZACHARTE1.) . Since the
spheres were eventually associated with the planetary bodies, a large

number o£ sigils attached to the Intel! ig&ncios were associated with
the planets themselves. The following represent the most frequently
used in rhe occult tradition:
INTELLIGENCE OF JUPTTER: AGKIPPA 1531 C^ RAPHAEL 1879 C?
7
INTELLIGENCE OF MARS: AGRiPPA 1531 !>/ ^ RAPHAEL 1879 -c^/
RAPHAEL 1879
INTELLIGENCE OF MERCURY;
INTELLIGENCE OF MOON:
INTELLIGENCE OF SATURN:
AGRIPPA 1531
AGRTPPA L531
^
AGRiPPA 1531 tfff
<\V^
JÛ^RAPBAEL 1879
RAPHAEL 1879
E-fc**
r-J^J*
^
tf*
INTELLIGENCE OF SUN : AGRIPPA 1531 *">
INTELLIGENCE OF VENUS: AGRIPPA 1531 *$£ RAPHAEL 1879 *^p6

Needless to say, the tern intell igoncitts has nothing to do with the
ward int&l lig&nc& in its modern sense.
Certain of the PLANETARY SYMBOLS are probably related to the different
scries of inteliigenciGs.
INVESTED FKNTACLE See DEVIL
IRON Ala, In tooth alchemical and astrological contexts the word iron
is interchangeable with MARS, so thar. any of the numerous sigils tor
this planet may also represent the metal. A few of such sigils are
also recorded ftS relating to both "iron and steel*. The following
Eonns have been given specifically for the metal:
WORI.IDGE 1651 °+0 ^> CROLLIUS 1612 _
FRESNE 1688
1
SIGNA 17C ? $ $ *§ <H^ f X
SOKMERKDFF 1701 &, -£-
J/
^P J? ^ ]_^ ^ ~lty
WELLING 1735 C^ DIDEROT 1763 $f' ff
JALTON 1306 (7)

~ of* "£ °"* 9 5 rV ^ ~P •=" /^
LUEDY 192S Q*
>J
146
1NV- IRO
SCHNEIDER 1962
SHEPHERD 1971 ^^
*£* )f ^ j£ "£ £* ,*J> T £ ^ ^T?
BFRTrlEr«OT 1885 records some Gre«>. foras from alchemical texts: p -©^J
See alSO STEEL
IRON FILINGS Ala. ALCHEMICAL 1 7C h

SIGNA 17C y DIDEROT 1763 '0~^
GESSMANN 1906 £)
%
^L t> ^ <T
See also BARS
IRON LEAF /ilc. BERTHELOT 1885 gives two sigils derived froir. Greek
alchemical texts: & a~^
IRON ORE Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 gives a sigil from Greek alchemical
texts: f See also IKON
IRON RUST Ala. BERTHELOT 1885 gives tv/C sigils from Greek alchemical
texts: -^j jf
147
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STCILS
JAB Mag. Name, perhaps derived from Jabniel, one of the ruling angels
of the Third Heaven, and sigi] given by HEYDON 1664 Lu reprusent the
letters J and I in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of Angels and
Genii.' ; T
JASCN Ast. Hypothetical planet claimed by WEMVSS 1927 to be ruler of

zodiacal Sagittarixis, and to be in orbit between Saturn and UranuK: J^
i
JASPER Ala. S1GNA 17C (J^~
JESUS Re/- TESTA 1962 records many of the ancient siqils for the
The same source shows also that the following sigils are derived from
the early Christian gernatric tradition {BQ8 being the numerical value
of oiwiMtt ^x ¥& *+* -fc++ -4-"P+4+ 1H 1H Ih'.t
TESTA 1962 also gives a number of sigils for Jesus Christ;

^f\ ^t"
SCBEIBLE 1848 gives the sigil fg) for Jesus triumphant.

See also CURIST, CHRISTMON and CROSS.
JOD Qcc+ The 10th letter of the Hebraic alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivative forms have been given in the tradition of
secret alphabets, notably those collected by BARTOL07.ZI 1675: fTT ] 3
J> <y^ o^b WTRTH 1927 equates Jod with the Tarot arcanum the WHEEL
148
JAB-JUP
OF FORTUNE. He gives the sigillic forms w* p*, Jk -| 7 as the
prototypes of the letter, which he says is derived from a vestigial

drawing of a hand, though the etymology is actually connected with
a vestigial hieroglyphic of the god Sath, representative of Lower
Egypt.
JUDGEMENT Qco* WIRTH 1927 relates this 8th arcanum of the Tarot pack
to the Hebrew letter 11ETH, and accords it the sigil Q a so-called
primitive Heth which in point of fact only approximates to a letter

Erom the Old Phoenician script ^ as given by JENSEN 1970. WIRTH
1927 also says that this figure approximates to our own number B,
for it was originally drawn: >£ This form does not appear in the
development o£ the Hebraic scripts, though it is found in (for example)
the ETRUSCAN SCRIPT. The confusion may have arisen from the
variant for the phonetic h in the Sinai script: Q
JUGGLER Occ. WTRTH 1927 relates this first arcanum of the Tarot pack
to the Hebraic ALEPH, and thus to the constellation Orion and zodiacal
Taurus. He accords the card the sigil \ and the point * drawn as
the centre of the pupil in the Eye of God, Q thus completing a
cycle in the 22 arcana with the (^) of the last in the series, the
FOOL ARCANUM.
JUNO Ast. Sigil given by WILSON 1819 for 'planet' (actually an

asteroid) in orbit between Mars and Jupiter: y£
WILSON 1819 J KOCH 1930 2f-
SiiEPHERD 1971
J- ±
JUPITJSR Ast* Modern sigil derived from the late mediaeval tradition,
a printed example being HYGTNUS 1462: 2j_ AGRIPPA 1531 traces its
form to the sceptre, but this is imaginative, and as rare examples
below indicate, there were many variants tor which no such graphic
etymology could be given* LEO 1914 says of Jupiter that it represents
'the scmi-circlo rising over the cross' and is 'the symbol of soul
149
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC ZIA'P ALCHEMICAL SICILS
1 iterating itself from matter'.

Ancient Egyptian: ÊxLlK A2AV j-
NEUGEBAUER 1959
Graaca-BifzanLine:
2r
BERTKliLOT 1885 t>-y *a #* *u rx
OMONT 1Q94 "~i£
u*p 2?
ALCUVMICAL 14C ^| CONJURATION 14C
RAGOR 1474 h^" ig 2L FIRMICUS 1499 2L
BERNARD 15C
*>* BONATTI 15C ^ &yf yft
CAMP ANUS L5C M^> CANONES 15C -^M-
DOMORUM 15C ^6$, KOROSCOPE 15C J**/
LIBELLUS I5C C)^ SCALTGER 15C '}=^
SCOT 15C #?
SIGNIFICATIONS 15C
X A1]_
«K,
SCHEMA 15C
TRACTATULUS 15C
^T^
~CL-
5CHYNAGEL 1500 2/
AGRIPPA 1510 ,*fe. FIRMICUS 1510 ?±$ ^€ Z-
DARIOT I !357 JE ALCHYMIA 1 563 7,0,X ^
ALCHEMICAL 1579 %, J ^= KIRCHER 1655 22y
BELOT 1667 2t TABLE 1676 ii
ALCHEMICAL 17C =f >? A"
i? -v V I- -Gs / S &-»
B
MAGIC! 17C ^ SHELTON 17C 22- "J H- I? T
SOMMERHOFF 1701 WELLING 1733 @"V
MAG IE IOC 'Xp PYTHAGORAS 16C 1£
CHRISTIAN 1870 ^
LUEDY 1928
NEROKAK 1937 «2r
Xti *£ 4- KS**> "~-f\-i ^ 5te ^
CARBONELLI 1925 records an early mediaeval manuscript form Y^
later mediaeval ~J^ whilsL CAPPELLI 1949 records a mediaeval:
The sigils qiven under TIN may be used synonymously with Jupiter.
:-:en also AQUISITIO* SPHERE, SPIRIT OF JUPITER and ZACHARIEL
150
KAL-KEY
KALI YUGA Occ. The sigil most usually linked wirJi the DEVIL ,
supposedly as a vestigial drawing of the horns and goat-beard, is

}5f*
said by BLAVATSKY I B88 to be the esoteric sigil for the Kali Yuga, the
'Dark Ago ' , which according to certain esoteric circles began about
4^500 years ago. The sigil is 'the sign of human sorcery, with its
two points (horns) turned heavenwards, a position every Occultist wil}
recognize as one of tfte "left-hand** , and used in Ceremonial Magic' .
KAPH Qcc. The 11th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivative sigillic forms are recorded within the
tradition of secret alphabets, notably those collected by BART0LOZ2I
WTRTH 1927 equates kaph with the Tarot STRENGTH ARCANUM, and EhUfl with
zodiacal Lee. In his record of the graphic etymology of tne letter
from the vestigia] drawing, he traces a connexion with the idea of a
palm, and there does i::deed appear to be a lir.k between the ancient
forma and the heraldic plant of Upper Eqypt, as indicated tin a non-
occult context} by JENSEN 1970- WIHT11 1927 gives the forms / \j ^
KUOBKBL Geo, Sigii given by HEYBQN 1664 for one c;f the geomantic
spirits: (^_L ihis sigil is probably copied wrongly from AGRIPPA
L531.I who gives a similar form for r spirit of Venun : \_\
KEY See CLAV1S-
lbl
KINDLE Ale- Two mndiaeval sigils recorded by SIGNA 17C: TTG VX

KNU Mag. Sigil of a spirit (perhaps Kyniel) given by HEYDON 1664 to
represent the letter K in the secret writing called 'The Alphabet of
Angels and Genii 1
: &7HF
KOPH Occ. The 19th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivative sigillic forms are recorded within the
tradition of secret alphabets, notably those collected by BARTOLOZZI
1*75= i£X
\JJ IJ[ *yt r *?4> wirth 1527 equates koph with the
Tarot SUN ARCANUM and (not surprisingly in view of the iconography of
the card) with the zodiacal Gemini, and gives the following forms as
indicative of the line of development which the letter took among the
early alphabets: y y P J° f lft would appear that the letter did
in fact develop, as he suggests, from an Egyptian hieroglyphic with the
pictorial value of 'head 1
.
KYRIOTETES Ast* SUCUER 1975 appears to link the sigil for Arias *Y*
with the Sphere of the /Cyriotetes, otherwise known as the Dominions,
the rulers of the Sphere of Jupiter,
See INTELLIGENCES.
152
KIN- LAP
LADY POPE Occ, KIPTH 1927 relates this 2nd arcanum of the Tarot pack
with the Hebraic letter BETH, and with the constellation Cassiopeia:
he accords the card the sigils of the horizontal single line and
the black disc • along with the binary \ \

which relates to the
columns behind the figure in the card.
LAbAD Wag. Sigil for spirit (perhaps derived from Lad, one of the name*
for the angel Metntron) given by HEYDON J664 Lo represent the letter L
in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of Angels and Genii*: J £
LAMED Occ. The 12th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivative forms are given within the tradition of
secret alphabets, as for example in those collected by DARTOLOZ&T 1675:
WIRTH 1927 equates Lamed with the Tarot
^T 7 y\A *D t? \f
arcanum of the HANGING MAN. tie gives the following forms as being
derivative of the letter I Lj **? ^,7 and links the pictoqraphic
origin with the idea of 'a goad 1
: however, it is likely that Lamed was
derived from an Egyptian hieroglyphic with the pictorial value of
'horizon' {see JENSEN 1970).
LAMP file. DIDEROT 1763 C_ 1?=Î
LAPIS Ale. For the generic sigils, see STONE. SOMMEKHOFF 1701 gives
the sigils for a number of different stones, as follows: Si lex
153
aetata $ xi B ~f~ -t & &, ^cf D ®<r^

Lapis Prune.1 lae: G) £* Lapis Pumexi Q> Lapis Silex: °,f
Lapis Silex ustus: tfy Lapis Tutiac: 7^ Lapis Lazuli: ^C t~L "-V
For the last one, SIGMft 17C gives ^^ -^*> J^ hj\j GESSMANN 1906
giVOS: \"^
and KOCH 1930:
V, ^ ^ VlUED* 192B: V U >#
LAPT3 ARMSNTUS See MOUNTAIN BLUE
LAPIS LAZULI See LAPIS
LAYER UPCW LAYER Ale. Several of th«se mediaeval sigils are clearly
derived from the abbreviation of the latin stratum super stratum.
WOHLIDGE 1651 W -ff9 ALCtiYMIA 1563 ?ff\ ///
ALCHEMICAL 17C TH) ffTl FB GESSMANN 1906 J^ Jt\ SsSt
LEAD Ale. Since all the sigils used for this metal are synonymous with
rhose used for the planet SATURN, see also the entries under this name-
The following sigils have been recorded specifically as relating to
the metal:
WORLIDGE 1651^-H $T "4" y° W CROLLIUS 1612 ~?
S11ELT0N 17C -t=j "% Jp-î/- -V- ^ SIGNA 17C "^ =tt ^ |o VTl ^ <+>
SOMMERHOFF 1701 -= C
aiDSROT 1763 "^
I* -((J H / <l 5"t ^ ^ ^ tj "î
GESSMANN 1906 * ^ / ^ ^ -4^ ^ JH ^ £ ±=> ±\ T

KOCH 1930 *y SHEPHERD 1971 ^ ~^ txJ *~%
LUliOY 192B records two sigils from the Syrian alchemical tradition:
BEKTEELOT 1865 records two sigils from Greek sources: V> 7^
LEAD FILINGS Ale. BER7KELOT 1385 gives two sigils from the Greek
alchemicaL tradition; ^V -Q
LEAD OF ANTIMONY Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C i^J
lLî
.
TAP- LEO
'
LEAD OF THE PHILOSOPHERS Ale. SOHMERHOFF 1701 \)
LEAD ORE flic- BERTHELOT 18B5 records a sigil from ancient Greek
alch.end.cal sources : ,J~)
LEAD SALT Ale. SHELTON 17C ~tl
LEAD SUGAR Ale. GESSMANN l'JOfc records a mediaeval sigil: ^3
LEAF Ale, BERTHELOT 18B5 records a number of sigils all relating to
the idea of leaf metal; $ HEA \n IZj
See also COPPEH LEAF, GOLD LEAK, IRON LEAF, SILVER LEAF and TIN LEAF.
LEMUR1AN Sea EARTH
LEO Ast. Zodiacal sign of the 'Lion', the printed sigil being derived
from the mediaeval manuscript tradition [see JANIJA 14C below, for
example) , though ultimately from the Graeco-Byzantine tradition (sec
NEUGEBAUBR 1959 below, for example) , recorded in print by KYGINUS
1482: oA The aigil is said by AGRTPPA 15lO to be based on the shape

of a lion's tail, though this is entirely fanciful, as many of the
mediaeval variants would suggest (even AGRIPPA 15lO uses variant sigil
forms). Two common misuses of the sigil lead to confusion, and are
worth recording. Sometimes the form ^TL is given for Leo, though
this sigil is in fact the NODE of a planet, especially the one called
caput draconis. An example of this mistake may be seen in the glyph
used in the medal for the American Numismatic Association designed by
Vincze in WHiTTICK 1971. Another common error is the reversai of the
sigIL - an example of which may be see in SIBLY 1790/ where it may to
some extent be excusable in view of the reversal of the copper plate
after engraving:
Ancient Egyptian: BERLIN 4?AD j J
4 4 r
~3^
SPIEGELBERG 1911 /
ST03ART 2C /f /J*.
Graeco-Byxantine: KEUGEBAUER 1959 J? ^ p

155
—
DIGBY 12C O] GRAMMATICA 13C °J &)

ASTRONOMICAL 1400 <? CONJURATION 14C (J\
JANUA 14C °0 LEUPOLDT 14C J
MANSIONIBUS 1482 Ot ASTROLOGICAL 15C {J
I30NATT1 15C ^\ QUADRANT IS 15C
RAWL1NSON 15C &£ LAMBECIUS 1500 9
TABLES 15C ^ (J
1 "
SCOT 15C 3 2
SCIIYNAGEL 1500 ^X THURNEYSSEF u
MARY 16C j-JtV HIBNER 1651 Q
BELOT 1667 JT SIGILLIS 17C \_j
PROWSSE 17C J (. TABLE 17C C/C
S1BLY 1790 J\ ZADKIEL 1835 ^_f\
SEPHARIAL 1920 C^ COLLIN 1954 J\
NEUGEBAUER 1969 £ RUDUYAR 1970 <J~L SL
LUEDY 1928 records a related sigil from the Syrian astrological
tradition: ^y
LEUPOLDT 14C gives a sigil for the constellation Leo: ^f^ and this is
recorded by AGRTPPA 1510 for the siyti.
See also SPIRIT OF LEO and VERCHIEL
LIBRA /ist. Zodiacal sign of the 'Balance'. The printed version of

the sigil is derived ultimately from the Egyptian (see STOBART 2C
below) via the Graeco-Byzantino, as for example in HYGINUS 1482:
The sigil is said by AGR1PPA 1510 to be based on the form of a
balance, but derivation from an Egyptian hieroglyph is more likely.

Ancient Egyptian; BERLIN 42AD U-l
STOBART 2C Lll SP1ECELBEPG 1911

NEUGEBAUER 1943 ._- o_, [ —n >
Graeco-Hijzantine; NEUGEBAUER 1959

WALTER 19 70 records a Greek sigil:
ASTRONOMICAL 14C _fl_ CONJURATION 14C _
SCUYNAGEL 15CO -°~ =. CUADRANTIS 15C 6y
TABLES 15C tr-fl-x
COLBY 17C L-ri-:> POOTE l?C E^£=f
1%
LIH-LIG
PYTHAGORAS 18C —n—J

SIBLY ] 7StO
ZADKIEL 1835 I=^=i FLAMMARION 1897

MODERN ASTROLOGY 1906 l=±4 SEMKNTOVSKY 1950
HADES 1969 (r!b{
LEUPOLDI 14C gives a sigil for the constellation Libra

See also SPIRIT OF LIBRA
LIBRUM Ale* VALENTINE 1671 "£"£.
CAPPELLI 1949 gives two mediaeval forms: 1^ ^

LIFE See ANKH
LIGHT Occ. In her complex nunerological study BLAVATSKY 188B gives

two sigils 10" CD as the f
sacred Ten (numbers or Sephiroth) ' which are
the 'Eigrftt 1 - though this is the occult light * 'through which all
things were made*, A sigil given by GABELLA 1615 in the graphic
theory of occult symbolism derived ultimately from DEE 1564 is (^
which carries the implication that the Sun and the Moon face to face,
in Lin image of the first day when light was created. This latter
sigil also represents the 'philosopher's light*. A sigll cjiven in
LAW 1772 - as part of the study of Boehme's graphic occult system -
is representative of half the nature of the created world: C the
other half is the sigil for WRATH. This light sigil is derived from
his 'One Globe': (J) But see in this connexion EYE OF ETERNTTY, A
sigil given for the expansive principle of Boehme's thcosophy, which
may be associated with the light polarity of the dualism which
pervades his thought, is Lhe simple ZS. But see TERNARY- A Kiqil
for light Is derived by WELLING 1735 from the alchemical sigil for
DAY, intended to symbolise the outpouring of spiritual forces on to
the material plane: LEO 1914 gives the sigil © for Light
and Dt*rk. it will be clear from the above notes that the Light of
the occultists is not the 'light 1 of modern physicists.

See the opposing sigils for DARK and WRATH, and also COSMOS*
LIGHTS See SUN and MOON.
157
LILITH ?\st. In modern astrolcyy, the name given to a hypothetical

Earth-Moon, the so-called 'dark Moon'.
SiiPHARIAL 1918 GOLDSTEIN 1961
LILY Ale. A sigil derived from the Greek alchemical tradition is given
by BERTHELOT 1.895, probably from the word ferine.- Kj!_>
LIMATURA See IRON FILINGS.
LIME Ale. DIDEROT 1763 (^ § C £ KOCH 1930 Z->
BERTHELOT 1885 records a few sigila derived from the Greek alchemical
tradition: V ^ ^ V
LIME OF EGGSHELL Ale. SHELTON 17C f]
DIDEROT 1763 (ST1 '^>
LIME OF GOLD Ale. DIDEROT -763 TJ C

LIME OF LEAD Aic. GESSMANN 1906 %.
LIME OF LYE Ale. GESSMANN 1906
LIME OF VITRIOL Ale. DIDEROT 1763 & %>
LIMESTONE Ale. GESSMANN 1D06 E £ See also SILEX arid STONE
LIQUEFY Ale. GESSMANN 1.906
LIQUOR Ale. ALBERTOS 1971 V"
LIQUOR OF CALCINATED LEAD Ale. DIDEROT 1763 W

\s
LITHARGE Ale . ALCHYMIA 1563 ^

DIDEROT 1763 "5"
J^
15S
r.ir.-ixDE
BERTHELOT 1B85 records three sigils derived from the ancient. Greek
alchemical tradition: /N'T ^G* / *•
LITHARGE OF GOLD M- c'• SHELTON 17C

DIDEROT 1763 <P_ j£P
LITHARGE OF SILVER Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C ^

SHELTON :?C -tr° DIDEROT 1763 3H_ "J"
LIVING See ANIMALIA and ANKH.
LIXIVIUM Ale. SIGNA 17C ^Q^ ^ £, ^ %?

S0MME3H0FF 1701 gives for sal alkali t'ixum the sigils *^t_> ty SL
:
SCilNETDER 1962 ^^ ~^^ ^

See also ALKALI
LIXIVIUM TARTARI /*lc. SOMHEKHOFF 1701 TS- J
LODESTONE ^st - The following sigils were given under the napes of
lodestoner, magncs or lapis mugnes:
ALCHYMIA 1563 *\fc- W0RL1DGE 1651 /\

SHELTON 17C a/% SIGWA 17C @
SOMHERHOPP 1701 **tf Jj£ -1-(5+- SCHEPPEBS 1775 f=\
GESSMANN 1906 ^&£ |V\ UJBDY 1928 4-^4*
But see also MAGNET
i
LOETITIA Geo- Sigil for one of the sixteen geom&ntic figures:

A multitude of variants (dots, stars, floral devices, etc.) is used
to denote the same fourfold arrangement. Loetibia is linked by
AGRiPPA 1531 with the eleoer.t cf Air, the planet Jupiter, and the
zodiacal sign Taurus- The following sigils, derived from late
mediaeval sources, are sometimes used to denote the planet Jupiter, a;
for example in TR1THEM1US 1503.

AGRIPPA 1531 B U S A 6
159
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIG1LS
UWE Dec. Sigil given by KOCH 19 K) as a rune moaning 'love 1

: p^
See RUNES
LOVERS ARCANUM Occ* WIRTH 1927 relates this 6th arcanum of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic VAU, and accords it (presumably because of the
element of 'choice' which one may read into the iconography of the
trard) the sigil y ^he important Pythagorean sigil which according
to WIRTH 1927 is related to the 'primitive Vau ' , and the hexagram
which within the occult tradition is one of the symbols of union, as
for example in the 'union of opposites' of the FOUR ELEMENI'S.
LUCIFER Wag. 5CHEIBLE 1A48 gives the sigil j± for the spirit, and
the sigil \^j for Lucifer and R&elzebub* The name Lucifer is also
associated with the morning rising of the planet Venus in traditional
astrology* and in certain mediaeval manuscripts one finds the Sphere of
Venus marked the Sphere of Lucifer, though the sigils employed refer
only to the planet VENUS, and not to the Spirit Lucifer.
See SPHERE
LUMEN MINUS See SILVER
LUNA See MOON
LUNA FIXA Me. ALCHEMICAL 17C

GESSMANN 1906 t>
LUNAR Ale. OMONT 1394 gives the sigil Q^ from Greek texts.
LUTATION The sigils are used exoterically for the operation of

Ale.
sealing or stopping up containers, and sometimes for the hermetic art
itself, which is sealed from the outer world. But see LUTUM
SAPTENT1AE.
WORLIDGE 1651 NI FRANCKLYN 1.627 ^'
ALCHEMY 1650 £\ ?rV* ^
160
T
LOV- LYE
SOMMERHOFf 170L
'
^Z^ZS^ ~v"" £^ ^—^

GESSMANN 1906 KI /V "
^JT *
LUTE See BOTTLE, LUTATTON and LUTtIM SAPTENTIAE
LUTUM SAPIENTIAE Ale. The mediaeval sigils for lutum sapientiae or

lutum philosophoxuirt were often intended to denote the esoteric
hermetic (or 'sealed') art itself - see LUTATION.
ALCBYMIA 1563 ^&£^ CROLLIUS 1612
FRESNE 1688 CROLLIUS 1670 7%
W0RL1DGE 1651 LV1 -^) ALCHEMICAL 17C [/" XT-^'
S HELTON 17C A •£-. SIGNA 17C
r>
J- r
SOMMERHOFF 1701 Q -~>- >-fr*H -7 DIDEROT 1763 . y J
GESSMANN 1906 ^C» „ Q0 ,
LYK See ALKALI
LYE Of ASHES '1 .'<:. S1IELT0N 17C
LYE Of TARTAR Ale. GESSMANN 1906 S: But see also LIXIVIUM TARTAR
161
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC A WD ALCHEMICAL SIGHS
MACROCOSM See GREATER WORLD
MiVJTAr-3 SCRIPT See ADAMIC SCRIPT
MAGIC SYLLABLE Qcc. A series of seven sigils, obviously linked with the
planetary sigils, and given by MONTE-SNYDERS 1678 as being 'seven
syllables 1
which together give the sound of the Materia Prima.
The first is linked with SATURN; ^
The second is linked with JUPITER: 2L^
The Lhird is Linked with MARS; X
The fourth is linked with VENUS: ^
The fifLh is linked with MERCURY:
The sixth is linked with the MOON:
The seventh constitxites a union of the six sigils given above, and may
be associated with the SUN, as the 'unifier' of the planetary influences
in our solar system:
HAGISTSKIUM Sfie SECRET WISDOX
ÂGISTER OF CROCUS Ale* DIDEROT 1763

£
MAGISTER OF SATURN Ale. DIDEROT 1763
XAGNi-3 See LODESTQNE
162
+
UAC-MAL
MAGNESIA /ilc. In strict alchemical terms, this is said to be an

ingredient of the PHILOSOPHER'S STONE, and consequently the sigils
do not of necessity refer to the hydrated jnagr.esiun carbonate r and
even in the late forms, it is unlikely that the. sigils are intended
for the element. DALTON 1809, who gives the form (?) is an
exception,
ONOMASTICUM 1574 <£v^ ALCHEMICAL 17C tf
SIGNA 17C J£ SOMHERHOFP 1701 Of^ ^©—

SCHEFFERS 1775 ^ "<£) LUEDY 1928 35—
SCHNEIDER 1962 O-H* T^-<
LUEDY 1928 records a related form from the Syrian alchemical
tradition: ^
3ERTUELOT 1885 records two sigils from Greek alchemical texts: |v\ /^
MAGNESIA OF GOLD AlC- ALCHEMICAL 17C Jo
MAGNESIA OF IRON Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C ^p
MAGNESIA OF SILVER &±C~ ALCHEMICAL 1 7C

J
MAGNET Ala. DiD^ROr 1763 gives a sigil for the traditional LODESTONE,
y\ and one which is probably 'modern': ^
MALACHIM SCRIPT Occ . One of the secret scripts derived from the
cabbalist tradition (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT) r recorded by BART0L022I 1675
with one variant letter from that recorded by AGRIPPA 1531:
3 1 1 n 3 V 2
rr M A AX D °3 J
nX V K»
y a
*
-
U/
M » n
^^^~ H
\x\
I
-r .-t
.
PICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC /iND ALCUEMICAL SIGILS
MALCHIDAEL «*9- Sigil given by HEYDON 1664 as 'geomantic spirit' f the

genius of pUEKj though the sigil is actually derived from that given as
the ruling spirit of zodiacal Aries by AGRIPPA 1531: tf/
AGRIFPA 1531 Oy
See also MALCHIDIEL
MALCHIDIEL Wag. Mediaeval sigils for the angel of Aries, given by

BRAHE 1582 rûJii^ Lj'seO MALCHIDAEL and SPIRIT OF ARIES.
MALE Occ- GEHEIME 1785 ©
MALE AND FEMALE Occ A sigil given by MASSEY 18Q3 is intended to

represent f
maiu and female united under other and nx>re evident twin-
types of the two sexes': tb*
BLAVATSKY 1888 gives the form for 'Man as the cube unfo!tided' i r.fh
and explains the form as the image of the 3 horizontal (female)
and the 4 vertical (male) forming the image of Man 'as the culmination
of the deity on Earth, whose body is the cross of flesh.'
BLAVATSKY 18B8 gives also the sigil \ © w nicb is derived from Lhe
Greek form |«0~ whLch means 'Moon', and which is also the symbol
of the pillar and the circle {see for example the sigils for the
LADY POPE) BLAVATSKY 1888 also gives sigils for Lhe male as a
vertical 1 the female as a horizontal « and the union in the
CROSS. See also ORIGIN and YIN AND YANG
MALE ELEMENT Geo. Sigils given by KOCH 1930 in his highly personal
system oi symbol ism: Q_) \/
MAN Occ. BERTHELOT 1885 gives the sigil "cJ""6 w "ich is a derivation
frocn the abbxeviation for snthropos* In addition to the sigils and
forms noted in MALE AND FEMALE, BLAVATSKY 1888 records Lhe emergence
of Man 'the body erect 1
\ from the spiritual £~_) to give the
'creative potency 1
r and the 'moving man 1
P^ This emergence of
individuality from the spiritual gives rise to the Pythagorean sigil
164
-
MAL-MAR
of the binary, representative of 'choice' or 'moral choice

1
:
RLAVATSKY 1888 also gives for Deity, Universe and Man, the form: £^)
MAN CRUCIFIED Occ. BLAVATSKY 1B88 gives the decussated 'Cross in

Space* y as an image of the Platonic symbol of 'the second God
who impressed himself on the Universe in the form ox the Cross' -
but links the idea of the human crucifixion with ancient initiation
rites. See CROSS
MANIFESTATION Occ* BLAVATSKY 1888 gives a progressive series of sigils

relating to the occult view of manifestation, the emergence of material
life from the absolute spirit- Whilst the following sigils have been
accorded individual entries, as indicated, the general outline of the
graphic theory is as follows: from the ESSENCE O which represents
the one unknown and unknowable infinite, emerges the sigil of
mani f testation , the first differentiation, which is sexless and infinite,
or potential space within abstract space: © The sigil represents
the spirit-principle, with its fructifying power unconcealed. A third
stage is symbolized in the sigil for the MOTHER NATURE £) which is
the transformation of the point, the emergence of duality* This in
turn becomes the sigil for the Mundane Cross, illustrative of the ORIGIN
of human life, esoterically exiled the Third Root Race: £t7 When the
encompassing circle of spirit disappears, the sigil of the cross is
left —— representing the fall into MATTER as the final accomplish-
ment, at which point the Fourth Race begins.
LEO 1914, influenced by BLAVATSKY J888, gives the mundane cross -\- for
manifestation, but reasons that *tho perpendicular beam represents
SPIRIT, the horizontal bar the animal or earthly principle being
penetrated by the Divine Spirit* ,
See FORM and IMMORTAL ADAM
MANTPULE /tic, DIDEROT 1763 m M

MARBUEL. Mag, Several sigils for this spirit have been recorded by
SCHEIBLE 1848: ^Hfj. "]££ gJ "frM*
Lb")
^
MARCASITA ARGENTEA Ala. SOMMERHOFF 1701 ^ J£, ^

YARCASITA AUREA Ale . SOMMERHOFF 1701 £? 8 r±+ ^^ ^F ^°
HARCAS1TE Ale. ALCHYMIA 1563 @~
WOHLlDGE 1651 &
^3"
JLS CROLLIUS 1612
CROLLIUS 1670
&
FRESNE 1688
VALENTINE 1671 _|j/ ALCHEMICAL 17C g— \
t
s7*
FRANCKLYN 1627 <££ XS-j SHELTON 17C (0" -3J—
S1GNA 17C O y ^ 2r^ *t
SOMXERHOFF 1701 ^^^^^S^^tf^-oSTî^
GESSMANN 1906 ^\> -\ £ ^ Z$ £> <X3. 2-? ^39 £
LUSDY 1928 /W See BISMUTH
MARRIAGE See MATRIMONY.
MARS Ast. Thts modern sigil is derived from the Grae co-Byzantine
astrological forms, through the mediaeval manuscript tradition - see
NEUGEBAUER 1959 below. The printed example is from HYGINUS 1482: <^
AGRIPl'A 1531 traces its form to the dart, hut GABELLA 1615 follows
DEE 1564 and gives a more complex version O-^-C claiming that it is
derived from the FOUR ELEMENTS ( — \— ) , the Sun ( 0) and the Moon ( C )
LEO 1914 says that the sigil O is 'really the cross over the circle'
and 'is the symbol of spirit constrained by matter'.
Ancient Egyptian: BERLIN 42AD ^
Graeco-Byzantine ; NEUGEBAUER 1959 1
BERTHELOT 1885 records several sigils from ancient Greek alchemical

texts -$*) >£3 JfT' whilst OMONT 1894 gives a related variant: £?
ALCHYMICAL 14C <L CONJURATION 14C &$ Jf~ C—
THESAURUS 14C V
RAGOR 1474 fj
?
2^- BERNARD 15C ^
BONATTI 15C °-^> If fl CAMPANUS 15C ^
CANONES 15C $ HOROSCOPE 15C ^
LIBELLUS 15C Q-
;»,.-.
MAR-MVP
SCOT 15C jzf yY SIGNIFICATIONS 15C

TRACTATUS 15C <-f LAKBECIUS 1500
ffl
SCHYNAGKL 1500 -^ AGRIPPA 1510 ^T} ^
FIRMICUS 1510 of} ALCHEMICAL 1555 ®^> G
ALCRYMIA 1563 ^ 0+- DEE 1564 ^ 0-£.
BKA11H 1582
^ AIX:HEMICAL 1579 ^
CBOLLIUS 1612 -f Z1EGLERUS 1620
VALENTINE 1645 ^ CROLLIUS 1670 ^
TABLE 1676 cc FRESNE 1688 X
ALCHEMICAL 17C <&0^ ^C G COLEV 17C g^
SHELTON 17C -$* ^ ~^_ ^ ^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 ^ -^ ^ ^^ 3"+^ *§" E
WELLING 1735 c^ GBBBIHB 1785 (J J^
CARBONELLI 1925 ^f "^ <>^> BURCKHARDT 1967 O
Since the siglls used by alchemists for the raetal IRON are used also
synonymously for Mars/ In theory any of the above sigils niay be used
to denote the metal, and vice versa -
See also PLUTO
MATERIAL Oca* A series of modern sigils related to the idea of

materiality (in contrast to the spiritual J has been given by CiRLOl'
1962, in his personal theory of graphic symbolism: the sigils for
tile material an<J passive Q and the material and active /\
combine as two opposing principles to induce the material
generation: \j> CIKLOT 1962 also gives a material quaternary; ]"/!
In the earlier tradition, the 'material' is generally represented by

reference to the hyle or MATTER,
See also EARTH, ELEMENTS and MATERTA PRIMA.
MATERIAL QUINTESSENCE Ale* GEHEIME 17B5
MATERIAL WORLD Ast r HONE 1951 gives a personal interpretation of the

traditional symbolism: —r* See also MATTER.
;.-/
,
MATERIA PRIMA Ale. AUREUS 1613 gives the cixculus simplex to denote
the Materia Prima; £)
ALCHEMICAL 17C £C
SOHMERHOFP 1701 h-§-» £3 8o
o
HOMER 1723 gives ® but see HOMER'S GOLDEN CHAIN,

GESSMANN 1906 t3- /
§ "^ O 8 o i-iU
MATRIMONY /lie. WORLIDGE 1651 <>
KOCH 1930 gives a highly personal interpretation of the sigil which he

calls marriage, though this sigil really relates to the pact between the
four elements, from which the sigil is constructed:^ This pact is the
spiritual marriage underlying the phenomena of nature: the matrimony
of the alchemists is of a different order, being an induced marriage,

by way of the spagyric art, of entities which are by nature opposed.
MATTER Ale. KIRC11BR 1655 gives the sigil *"p for materia, which is
not quite the some as our modern 'matter* .
WORLIDGE 1651 /\ GESSMANN 1906 ^^ Y^noA do

BLAVATSKY 1877 gives but in this connexion, see CROSS.
LUEDV 1928 ^/y
LEO 1914 gives the common sigil for the MOON ~J) and says it
'symbolises the most subtle form of matter-* *.Xt is the reflection of
the Real, or its Shadow' - but see FORM.
See FALL OP MAN, MANIFESTATION, MATERIAL, MATERIA PRIMA and MATERIAL
QUINTESSENCE
MEAKNESS Occ- Sigil given by LAW 1772 in connexion with Boehme's

occult system of symbolism: Z\
See WRATH
MEAL Ale* GESSMANN 1906 gives a sigil which probably means 'the edible
part of grain or pulse', chough meal was also a measure: (Ll)
MEDICATED WINE Ale* GESSMANN 1906 M

"V"
loo
. ,
MAT-MFr
MECALOP1AN SCRIPT Occ. One o£ the secret alphabets recorded by

VIGNE RE 1< .86 (se G SECRET •
ICRIPTS)
•
a 1) c (1 e 1"
S h - i
.)
k 111 11
i'
H 1 6 Z_ I l^KL|C T|A 14 w
"1 8 «^
-
9 £ HT i
o I> q r s it v w x y £
MEBOD Mag. Sigil for a spirit (name perhaps derived from Maion) , given
by UEVDON 1664 to represent Die letter M in the secret writing called
'Alphabet of Angels and Genii': +-I*
MELANCHOLIA See EARTH and TEMPERAMENT
MELTING POT Ale ALCHEMICAL 17C -j-(

/V ^
SHELTON 17C ~-J^ Jf SIGNA 17C ^~G) ^p S<? <?
GESSMANN 1906 ® C Z
7
? "X* ><£ */ ^^'^T4
See T1GILLUM
MEM Occ. The 13th letter of the Hebraic alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivatives are given within the tradition of secret
alphabets, notably those collected by BART0L0Z2I 1675: ^J 1 3*3 which he traces back to the idea of 'water'.
MENSTRUUM Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 "^F V~{ ^/ l?<3 ^

GESSMANN 1906 ifl X
MEPRTSTOPHELES Mag. Sigil given by SHEIBLE 1848 Q"D with the
sigil \Jt for 'M&phistopheles and the whole of his spirits'.
MEPHISTQPHIEL Mag Several sigils are recorded by SCHE1BLE 1848, the
1 69
.
~**]
simplest forms cf which are: ^2T ^V? TÊ
MERCUFIUS VIVUS See QUICKSILVER
MERCURY Ale. A large number of different sigils have been used to

denote the 'metal' and 'spiritual Mercury' of the alchemists/ but the
sigil for the astrological Mercury - chat is, the planet - has, in its
numerous forms, been used to denote also the metal. The following
sigils were presented within an alchemical context:
ALCUYMIA 1563 X ¥ +^ ^
DEE 1564 y* *? ALCHEMICAL 1579 M- *h ^
ALCHEMICAL 17C JJ?
N?T CH~ _0 °>f
SUELTON 17C C7 O-ttO -&. ^ «A j£ ^ >^ >" <&
SIGNA 17C to + 9 !
DALTON 1808 £p
GESSMANN 1906 ^ ^ ^> ^ £ £ M~ <£- *D ** ^9 «V ^b J?
SHEPHERD 1971 records twe mediaeval variants: }^ '\^~
The astrological sigil is derived directly from the Graeco-Byzantine

astrological tradition (see NEUGEBAUER 1959 below) , a printed example
being from HYUINUS 1482: $ AGRIPPA 1531 traces its form to the
caduceus, but a variant given by GABELLA 1615 is traced to a contraction
of Sun and Moon over the cross of materiality, in the analytic method
of DEE 1564, relating to the MONAU. LEO 1914 sums up the verbal
tradition when he says that the sigil $- 'represents the complete
union o£ the chree symbols ( O Will, 2) Wisdom, and -^- ActivityJ
in one, denoting perfectibility'
Ancient Egyptian: BERLIN 42AD \
Graeco-Byzantine: BERTHELOT 1385 $
OMONT 1894 .
£ NEUGEBAUER 1959 ^
Mediaeval: THESAURUS 14C ? RAWLINSON 15C ^
ALCbYMICAL 14C *Tjf RAGOR 1474 ¥ S <2> Mfc
D'AILLY 1490 >H~ 3ERNARD 15C W
BOKATTI 15C ^ CAMPANUS 15C V
CANONES 15C @ HOROSCOPE 15C —
170
.
MES- MER
LIBELLUS 15C £_ SCOT 15C nO

SIGNIFICATIONS 15C TRACTATUS i5C ^~
SC1JYNAGEL 1500 j& AGRIPPA 1510 £^3?
FIRMICUS 1510 0_ i $" BLUNDEVILT.E 1594 ^
GABELLA 1615 S FLUDD 1617 £
ALCHEMY 1650 ^ ^= =£ "l"^ KIRCHER 1655 H
BELOT 1667 ~p*
SIBLV 1790
STRAGGLING 1824
^ PYTHAGORAS isc^:
GESSMANN 1906
THIERENS 1931
^f,
_£_
TJf Tf ^ 'Uf £ ^ ^ £
£
A large number of sigils. have been recorded by BERTHELOT 1885 from
Greek alchemical sources, but it Is rarely clear whether the
astrological or alchemical meaning is intended by Hermes stilbon, the
Greek term: ^ §_ T
Generally, the sigils listed in the above alchemical section are also
interchangeable with the astrological forms. See also ALDUS,
CONJUNCTIO, QUICKSILVER and SPIRIT OF MERCURY
MERCURY METALLICUM Aic. ALCHEMICAL 17C
MERCURY OF ANTIMONY Ale. DIDEROT 1763 ^

MERCURY OF COPPEH Ale. SHELTON 17C
MERCURY OF GOLD t<lc. SHELTON L7C
MERCURY OF IRON Ale. SHELTON 17C
MERCURY OF LEAD Ale WORLIDGE 1651 $^_,
FRESNE 1688 £ ALCHEMICAL 17C \+
SIGMA 17C SHELTON 17C -^-
DIDEROT 1763 ^j-V

SOMMERHOFF 17o! gives the following sigils for Mercurius Saturni
171
. —
praecipitatus: J\7t ^ £j? for which SCHNEIDER 1962 also gives
the following forms: /\\ ~Ev ^ ~y § >jU=

MERCURY OF LIFE Aic. DIDEROT 1763 gives two sigils which are probably
not the same as Men-urius Vivus: V7 y*
MERCURY OF SILVER Ale. SL1KLTON 17C -£
MERCURY PRECIPITATE Ale. WDRLTDGE 1651 jjL„

DIDEROT 1763 W
>
Kr~
MERCURY SATURNI Ale FRESNE 1688 tf
MERCURY SUBLIMATE Ale. WORL1DGE 1651 P_a_

FRESNE 1688 -£*— ALCHEMICAL 17C j^_ ,f\ ^ -V
SONMERHOFF 1701 £T g$ £ Tf |^ £ft 1 %u!s #\ ^w, £ ~£-
SCHNEIDER 1962 _^f /Y\ ^
MERCURY WATER Ale. GESSMANN 1906 <_X-t ^^ ¥ -^ ^-^
METAL Ale. KTRCHER 1655 ~] SCHEFFERS 1775 \^/

GESSMANN 1906 ~V» ^ LUEDY 1928
^f~
See also MINEKALIA and SEVEN METALS
METALLA IMPERFECTA See MINERALIA
METAL LIME Ale. KOCH 1930 ^S^ Jp
MICHAEL Occ. Sigil derived from the mediaeval tradition by AGRIPPA

1565 (though it appeared in various related forms within the manuscript
tradition much earlier) : ffX±jr~y8/'
TRITHEMIUS 1503 appears to have made a mistake in giving the sigils Q
°^y Eot Michael, as these are the forms for ANAEL, for which the
same source gives the sigil: 2L V±/~2^'' _
SCHEIBLE 1848 gives three sigils: " ^> ^flJ—rr Zy_ Vfc/Av^
172
—
MER-MTN
An occult sigil which is certainly mediaeval, and presumably derived

from the cabbalistic tradition, may be given only as PERSONAL 1980 -
but see Introduction: %*%
MICROCOSMIC PENTAGON Occ + BLAVATSKY 1888 tells us that among Other

things, the five-pointed star (pentagram! represents man: "^m** the
same source tells us that in Egypt the pentagon represented the
'defunct man' - an idea which was taken over by the early Christians
in the so-called oranii^s figures. See also PENTAGKAM
MICZ ARIEL Mag- Two sigils, probably mediaeval in origin, are given by
SCHEIBLE 1848; Ci_/
o
Q
MIDHEAVEN Ast* Greek sigils, now no longer used, even in derivatives,

for the mc&ourania (the latin medium coeJi) , or culminating degree of
ecliptic in a horoscope, the sigil for which is recorded by
NEUGEBAUER 1959; j^*,
fL
£t
OMONT 1894 ^-?/*- ' >
MILK Ale. ONOMASTTCUH 1574
MINED GOLD Ale . DIDEROT 1763 ^ ^

MINERA Ala. SIGNA 17C ~X CARRICBTERUS 18C 04-
MINERALIA Occ. Sigil given by HOMER 1723, referring to the various

combinations of the four elements devoid of spiritual or animating
forces of the astrai or etheric nature: © but WIRTH 1931 gives £^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives under Mineralia 'those things which are neither
Animal nor Vegetable 1
, and provides a synopsis of general sigils as
follows:
METALS; Sun: Moon: J) Jupiter; 2_l- Venus: Q Saturn; ^
Mars: (f^ MSTAhtA IMPERFECTA: Antimonium: Auripigmentum: Q
*T Cinnabaris nativa; 2^ Marcasita: T J Sulphur; -^j^ t
|
173
\
N&trOBti (£} Alum&n: £~) Borax: ~î(~- Sal Gcnuiiae: <£> * Sal
Mar mum: -_-?
MTNERAL LEAD Ale. A Greek sigil is recorded by BERTDELOT 1BS5 from the
alchemical tradition: 7";
MINERAL SALT Ala. A vast collection of mediaeval sigils exists, cf

which the following are the nost common-.
ALCHEMY 1650 <^ ^J— &
GESSMANN ^ lT $
1906 J ^ "^ E ^ ^ ™" ^ & 1?
Eg o- -rKA^^^- 8 » £ it 25 ^>
+ * X ^ ^ ^ * $5
See also SALT.
MINIUM flic. ONOMASTTCUM i S74 TL

SBBLTON 17C A J S0MMERE10FF 1701 ^V" ^J
DIDEROT 176.1 ,X W? .
GESSMANN 1906 -WV * <^ V^ -*

f* ^^
The alchemical Mercuri'us Saturni praecipitatus (see MERCURY OF LEAD)

is probably miniuj7r.
MINUTE Ale. SllELTON 17C ^

MIST flic. A sigil recorded by B5RTKEU)T 1885 from Greek alchemical
manuscripts as meaning 'condensed vapour', is a short-form of the word
Neph&l e : J^J
MIX Mc. SOMMERbOFP 1701 gives the sigils WT JVT for commistio,
and the sigil £^ for permixtio.
GESSMANN 1906 L/\A.
MOLIBDOCHALC Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records two Greek sigils from the
alchemical tradition: ^ °^)
174
XIN-HOQ
MONAD Oca. Stgil given by DEE 1564 in his mystical theory of graphic
forms'. 5 The composition of the sigil is complex, but may be resolved
to a union of Sun C Atoon v^ and four elements —\- supported
by Alchemical Fire /T") a sigil related to the form used for ARIES.
The complete sigil is usually called the Hieroglyphic Monad, and its
form - as well as the underlying theory of its form - has influenced
greatly subsequent occult teachings concerning graphic symbolism,
notably Boehme (see LAW 1772 and CLAVISJ and GABELLA 1615.
1
MONTH Ale. A1XHYMIA 1563 {£> WORLIDGE 1651 "Y
S9ELTON 17C 3J- SIGNA 17C S3
DIDEHOT 1763 >$£ CUASSANT 1884 (mediaeval} *v\
SOMME3HOFF 1701 gj ^ p£f ^T)

GESSMANK 1906 "")
I
MOON Ast. Modern sigil derived directly from the Graeco-Byzantir-e

astrological tradition (see NEUGEBAUKR 1959), the printed example being
from HYG1NUS 1482 3 <L
AGR1PPA 1531 traces its form to the horns of the crescent. LEO 1914
departs somewhat from the tradition by linking his sigil for the Moon
(which is for him a symbol of 'the most subtle form of matter'] with
his sigil for light and dark (see LIGHT) which reminds us that the (L
r
semi-*ci rele is.-.t/ie -symbol of t/ic Moon and represents the soul in
man, that which is neither wholly spiritual nor wholly material, but
partak&& of the nature of both and is the connecting link between the
spirit and the physical body 1
.
Gtaeeo-Byzsntinat neugebauer 1959 J>
Mediaeval: ALCHYMICAL 14C CONJURATION I dC X> /

THESAURUS 14C (£ 50NAITI I5C (£ <S
CAMPAN05 15C *^ HOROSCOPE 15C Q^
SCHEMA 15C g SCUYNAGEL 1500 )
AGRIPPA 1510 <
^^ <J
ALCHEMY 1650 £* 0?:
ALCHYHTA 1563 ~> £? L*E * °\ X GT'JNTINl 1583 ®

SMITH 16C PLANETS 1617 22
175
. O
"
GABELLA 1615 O ASTROLOGICAL 1650 j) 3

CROLLIUS 1670 C RANDALL 1694 ffi £-C
ALCHEMICAL 17C «—J "^ C ^1 v" ASTROLOGY 17C ©
SHELTON 17C i)C' ~3 V OC \~° ~3&~
SOMHERHOFF 1701 9 I ' "'
SIBLY 1790 2)
ZADKIEL 1835 3
CARBONELLT 1925 records four mediaeval variants: ii_- A eft "^T
CHASSANT 1085 gives a mediaeval abbreviation lor luna: iZ.
VERARDI 1972 records a sigil +J) which may not in fact mean moon.
BERTHELOT 1885 records an early form from an alchemical manuscript in
Greek (?J and a rare sigil which is in fact a short form for the
term sejene.- <r-J The sigil given by CROLLIUS 16 70 may have been
derived from the Greek tradition;
See also FULL MOON, and the sigils used by the alchemists for the metal
SILVER, which may be used synonymously with Moon.
MOON ARCANUM Occ. W1RTH 1927 relates this 18th card of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic TSADE, and accords It the sigil lie form; S
(see HERMETIC TETRAD) , and the standard post mediaeval sigil for the
zodiacal sign Cancer: <T£* This latter WIRTH 1927 sees as the Chinese
symbol of the 'fecundated Cosmic F!gg'.
MOON DECREASING Ast. SHELTON 17C *~^/—

SOMMERHOFF 1701 & -£>—
MOON INCREASING Ast. SHELTON 17C -£—

-"
SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives two sigils 2) ~~ for both iurux ccescens and
ortus lunae, 'moonrise'
MOONPISE Ast. SOMMERHOFF 1701 "2) ~"n/~
MORNING Occ. KOCH 1930 gives a highly personal sigil, presumably a

graphic to indicate the rising sun; ^
MORTAL ADAM Occ. A sigil originated by DEE 1564 (though derived
176
MOO-MOO
ultimately from the Christian esoteric tradition) to represent many

connected ideas: OO He associates the sigil with Mortal Adam,
Beginning, Existing before the elements, tho Mortifying Self and with
the Christos and with Born in a Stable - all ideas derived from the
connexion which the sigil has with the first letter of the Greek
alphabet ALPHA.
See also IMMORTAL ADAH and ELEMENTS
MORTIFY Ale, LUEDY 192B
MOTHER NATURE Occ* In the sequence of sigils described by BLAVATSKY

1888, outlined in MANIFESTATION, the sigil @ is said to be a result
of the transformation of the form CD which is itself expressive of
'the first manifestation of creative (still passive, because feminine)
Nature*. This 'duality 1

sigil is expressive of 'the first shadowy
perception of man* , which is connected with procreation, and is
feminine because 'man knows his mother more than his father 9 . The
spiritual principle {which is the dot within the circle O } is that
which fructifies, and which is significantly concealed.
MOTION Occ+ Sigil given by WELLING 1735, derived from diagrammatic

sigils in DEE 1564, for 'second motion' which may be seen on one level
as the motion of a point towards the periphery, related to the
macrocosniic theory set out by DEE 1564, and which may on another level
be linked with the influences of the Secundadeian spiritual influences
of TRITHEMIUS 1S22; (3 A modern sigil given by CIRLOT 1962 to

symbolise the 'movement in the Upper and Lower Worlds 1
is an extension
of the related sigil for INFINITY: ©

BLAVATSKY 1888 gives the sigil f%^ for 'moving man\
See also MAN
MOUNTAIN BLUE Ale. Abbreviation for the Latin lapis armenius

recorded by SOMMERHOFF 1701^4^ and GESSMANN 1906 ^T\
177
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, UBPMBTIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
MOVING MAN Occ. BLAVATSXY 188S gives the sigil R Within this
context, see ONE,
HULTIPICATION Ale. M1CHAELSPACUER 1616 gives the sigil C^> next to

the sign or constellation Aquarius, probably to symbolise the alchemic
process of Multiplication*
MUNDANE CROSS See MANTF3 STATION and ORIGIN
MUNDUS INTELLIGIBILIS Sec WORLD OF INTELLIGENCE
MURIEL Mag. BRAKE 15G2 gives two mediaeval sigils for this Angel of
zodiacal Cancer; v>£^ "hJ
*-
^
HEYDON 1664 gives a sigil for Muriel as a 'geonantic spirit' , the genius
a£ Via, but this same sigil is given as ruling spirit of zodiacal
Cancer by AGRIPPA 1531: ^
See also SPIRIT OF CANCER.
MUTABILITY Ast r Modern sigil for the Mutable quality, recorded by

DE VORE 1947: O
MUTABLE CROSS A$t* BAILEY 193-4 uses the swastika to symbolise the
'material cftangt* and constant movement' of the four isodiacdl signs
Geraini, Virgo, Sagittarius and Pisces, the mutable signs: 1
-p
KYRTAD Occ- Siqil recorded by SHEPHERD 1971, probably from the

ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic: o
KVSTEK10US PLANETS Ast. ASTROLOGY 1917 gives three sigils said to

represent three Invisible 'planets 1
which are reiated to the signs
Aries, Taurus and Gemini* and which will or.c day becom« visible as
physical bodies- These invisible, and unnamed, planets arc related
to the zodiacal Hierarchies as follows:
Th& J Hi&r&rchy of the physical plane; *"V^
170
:
MOV- NYS
The y /fi^rarchy of the Astral Plane: (G

The TT Hierarchy of th& Mental Pl-sner
MYSTERIOUS SIGILS W*ff- RAPHAEL 1879 gives a large serious of sigils

which he terras 'mysterious characters of the planets', which are in
fact sigils derived from goomantic and magical sources - for example,
a large number of them are the standard sigillic forms for the
geomamric figures (see GEOMANTIC STGILS)
*w* 5 a fi £* * -^ £ ^ ^ ^T rV ^
MERCURY: 003^^^®^^ -^ ^ H W «
MOON:
fc=
rat»< 6 to x ^ x sa & £ x<> a a- £ -*-

y .*- ^ :t~
See also PIANETARY SYMBOLS
17 c -
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT f HERMETIC AND ALCIlbMICAL SICflLS
NATIVITY Ast. Various abbreviations from the mediaeval Latin nativitas

and its grammatical forms, given by CHASSANT 18B4: nar* na Hs **lf
But see ASCENDANT.
NATURAL SULPHUR Ale BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition:
NATURE Occ. KOCH 1930 gives a highly personal sigil: D

CHASSANT 1084 gives a mediaeval contraction for natura; n
See MOTHER NATURE and VEGliTABILlA.
NEBULOSA Ast. Eighth of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al

Nathrah in the Arabic astrological system, a sigil for which is given
in MANSIONES 14C: =/
NEGATIVE MARS See PLUTO.
NELAH Wag- Sigil for a spirit (name perhaps a corruption of Nclapa,

one of the angels of the Second Heaven) , given toy HEYDON 1664 to
represent the letter N in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of
Angels and Genii': ~ir
NEPTUNE flst. The first sigils Cor this 'modern 1

planet were
constructed around the initials LV for the discoverer, Le Verrier, and
180
NAT- NIG
sometimes (wrongly) L for Leverrier. SHEPHERD 1971 records

three such obsolete forms: L|~ l^* Q-.
Since 1871 various sigils have been invented by astrologers, perhaps

based on the trident of Neptune, though WALTHER 1939 explains the form
as being * r&ally a semicircle over the cross' :
SJi
DAATU 1901 claims that the sigil tl? is in fact derived from a
repetition of the forms for SAGITTARIUS, thus 2.—T
*3*
7 F and draws an
unconventional connexion between this zodiacal sign and the planet.
S1MM0NITE 1890 1$£*
"^JJ"
4 ^-J^
MODERN ASTROLOGY 1899 ^ J
MODERN ASTROLOGY 1906 t^P KOCH 1930 ^

THIERENS 1931 RAPHAEL 1933 "£jS
f
RUDKYAR 1936 Vp NEROHAN 1937
JONES 1941 |f DE VORE 1947 t£?
SEHENTOVSKY 1950 PAGAN 1951 4£
SIDEREAL 1951 M^ SPITZ 1959 '^fr^
EBERTIN 1970 1\S McCAFFERY 1970
X
T
RUDHYAR 1970
OKEN 197 3 ^ V MAYO 1972
TOBEY 1973 2^f
NESTORATS Wag. Three sigils have been recorded by SCHEIBLE 1848 for
this spirit: J^hJ 3^t^ Jr
NICCOLUM Ale, SC11EPFERS 1775

:
NIGHT Ale. As might be expected, many of the early sigils are merely
inverted forms of those given for DAY.
WORLIDGE 1651 / \ (^ VALENTINE 1671 ^
SIGNA 17C
f
L. ^ o DIDEROT 1763 ^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 V °"& ^ "^ ° GESSMANH 1906 *=?" ~V Ô"
LUEDY 1928 TXJ SCHNEIDER 1962 IZ £f\
BERTHELOT 1885 records sigils for the plural 'nights' from Greek
alchemical texts: °^ //*
OMONT 1894 records a sigil from Greek texts: y
181
:
NITRE GLOBULES Ale* GESSMANN 1906

* ?
NITRE SALT Ale. GESSMANN i906 4*0)
NITRIC ACID Ale. GEOFFROY 1718 ^ (J)

DIDEROT 1763 £-(D
LOEDV 1928 JXD See ACID
NITROUS AIR Ala. Sigii for Lavoisier's air nitrcux recorded by

CROSLAND 1962 /V|-
N1TR0US WATER Ale. GESSMANN 1906 pT^
NITRUM See SALTPETRE
NOACHITE SCRIPT Ouc . One of the secret alphabets recorded by RIVIERE

1938 (see SECRET SCRIPTS)
a i) c (1 C 1"
% h 1
'
k 1 111 11
i
i
ft 2> 1 ft 3 8 \ 1
n] M VI
u 2S 7 T V 9J Z
o p (| r s I u v \v x y z
NODE Ast. The term node is most frequently used without further
designation for the Moon's Node, which is dealt with in the present
context under CAPUT and CAUDA* However, in certain modern schools of
astrology, especially in those concerned with heliocentric charts, the
particular node of a planet is indicated by enclosing the traditional
planetary sigil in the basic form for the caput or caada, thus J%-b
which is the 'node of Jupiter' taken from SUCHER 1970.
f
NOTA BENE Occ. Many highly personal sigils have been used by the
alchemists, the following being common in early manuscripts, as for
182
NIT-NUT
example in ISIDORUS L2C: r^ NT O

HORlilDGE 1671 gives the familiar abbreviation; \\J
NUMBER Ale. UERTHELOT 1985 gives the slgil \f from Greek
alchemical texts.
NUN Oca. The 14th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
secret alphabets, notably those collected by BARTOL02ZI 1675 V
VV* V/ *-J 1J WIRTH 1927 equates Nun with- the Tarot arcanum
Tcwverance, and with zodiacal Aquarius, and in his list of derivative
forms for the letter ^ J 1 J
traces the idea of 'water'; the
historic graphic etymology appears in fact to be from the Egyptian

hieroglyphic with the pictorial value of (water) snake, as indicated
in JENSEN 19 70.
NUTMEG Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^\ t^M */fa-
181
.
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETTC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
OBIIT Ast. C1IASSANT 1884 records several mediaeval abbreviations and

r
short- forms: OB" oh <4>~
SMITH 16C O
See also DEATH.
OCCULTATION Ast. Occultation hy the Moon is recorded in the sigil

given by RAPHAEL 1903: 4
But see also ECLIPSE.
OCCULT FIRE Occ. According to WELLING 1735, the following sigil shows
Fire .in all its attributes: ^T^
See also FIPE.
OCCULT SALT Qcc. In the graphic system of WELLING 1735 the sigil is
used to show Salt in all its attributes:
See also SALT.
occult TRIANGLE Oca. In HERMES 1613 this simple sigil /\ Is termed

the triangle of the philosophers, and recorded as one of a series of
occult structures. It is said to have a multi-layer significance,
symbolising the numerous trinities within the alchemical works, such as

SALT-SULPilUR-MERCURY, BODY-SOUL-SPIRIT, <ind even S(JN-MO0N~MFRCURY since
the Sun and Moon may not be productive without Mercury is the
mediator'
If.l
OBI-QGD
OCCULT WATER Occ. Sigil given by WELLING 1735 Lo gnaw Water in all
its attributes.- ^&?

But see also WATER
OCH Mag. The mediaeval sigil given by TEITHEMIUS 1503 for the
planetary spirit of the Sun has survived with minor variations into
modern times:
SCHEIBLE 1848 \ \ 1 SHEPHERD 1971
OCHRE Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil (abbreviation) from the

•y
Greek alchemical tradition: ^< But see also YELLOW
OCTAVE Occ. A sigil given by HERMES 1613 as the basic structure for
what is called a 'magic vocabulary' concerned with a series of octavos
and their inter-relationships : /Q\
See also OGDOAD.
OCTONARY Occ. Sigil given by DEE 1564 in a graphic theory of occult
symbolism connected with his MONAD: The sigil is said to be

eight-fold because of the sum of angles and lines within its structure.
Following on these indications of DEE 1564, the Rosicrucian GABELLA
1615 gives the form: ^\y See also OGDOAD
OCULUS Ast. Ninth of the mediaeval lunar mansions (in fact oculu-s
Lconis) , called Al Tarf in the Arabic astrological system, a Gigil for
°
which is given by MANSTONES 14C: *j
A sigil intended for amuletic use is linked with this lunar mansion,
recorded by ABANO 1303; Ô ***'
OGDOAD Occ. In the ancient symbolic language discussed by BLAVATSKY
1888, the sigil 8 or CO symbolises the 'eternai and spiral motion

It
of cycles', which is symbolised in its turn by the Caduceus*
shows the regular breathing of the cosmos- This lemniscate, both in
its sigil form and in diagrammatic form, plays an important part in
LU^
.
modern anthroposcchical literature: see for example STEINER 1921.
OIL Ale. ALCHYMIA 1563^ WORL1DGE lfcSl^^ £ ^ a

o
CH0LL1US 1612 % -$- FRESNE 168B "^ ^
SHELTON 17C o°o © SIGNA 17C -^- *jf "^T
SOMMERHOFF 1701 A W tT^l C*^ DIDEROT J 763 ©_$ ^ -^
CARBONELLI 1925 <$
SCHEFFERS 1775 gives the forms © GO for oleum unguinosum.

BERTHELOT 1885 gives a sigil derived from the Greek *%
Besides the various OILS listed immediately below, see BOILED OIL,
HORSERADISH OIL, OIL DISTILLATE and OLEUM SANSARI
See also OLIVE OIL for similar sigillic forms.
OIL DISTILLATE Ale. GESSMANK 1006 >" c fl "O*
OIL OF ANTIMONY Ale ALCHYMIA 1563 §_j.
OIL OF CHRIST Ale. DIDEROT 1763 J?P f?|~g
OIL OF GOLD Ale. SHELTON 17C
OIL OF LILIES Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 jp ~"ffl_
OIL OF ROSES Ale. SIGNA 17C OK

OIL OF SALTPETRE Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^g^
rw ^
OIL OF SATURN Ale DIDEROT 1763 £3^" ~^^

SOMMERHOFF 1701 ^ -h"^ ^"^S-rt— ~i~K "*) o
OIL OF SULPHUR Ale. SIGMA 17C £j ~f" DIDEROT 1763 £*^J o-J^
GESSMANN 1506 ^_ ~^$" A-
OIL OF TALC Ale- SOMMERHOFF 1701 d
186
oil- one
OIL OP TARTAR Ale ALCHYMIA 1563 ^. T^

SIGNA 17C ^ ^h
SOMMERHOFF 170L ^~° ~©~ V @ ^ «°«»
S Tv"* ' ^" T
GESSyA.NN 190G ^_n a_S-c ^X_ C^^t^. /£F
C
CARBONELI.T 1925 ?J?
OIL OF VITRIOL Ale. WELLING 1735

SOMMERHOFF 1701 C<© CCD~T
OLEUM SANSAR1 Ale. SIGNA 17C £

^-^
OLIVE OIL *ic- VALENTINE 1671 ^>^ ©"£ O °o

ALCHEMICAL 17C "
"U >C "© SIGNA 17C *r
OMEGA Pel. a number of sigils have been used since early tiroes, based
on the form of the last letter of the Greek alphabet, and generaLly
intended to convey the idea of 'the end of things' The esoteric
Christian aspect of the sigil is discussed by TESTA 1962, who gives

a number of forms: UJ W -i L
DEE 1564 constructs a sigil around the omega.- tÂ^ - see IMMORTAL
ADAM.
A related sigil is given by VERARDI 1972 , as the symbol of God: j+t.
Many variants of this sigil exist, especially in the Byzantine

iconogxaphic tradition.
The omega sigil is given most frequently in conjunction with ALPHA, but
see also CHRIST, CURISTMON and JESUS, and in reference to the Tmroortai
Adam, see also MORTAL ADAM.
ONE Occ. in the ancient symbolic language discussed by BLAVATSKV 1888,

the one on the (spiritual) plane above is 'no number', a circle: O
On the plane below (physical) it becomes which signifies among the
Alexandrian Initiates a tody erect, 'a living standing man, be being

the only animal that has this privilege' . By adding a head to this
sigil, it was transformed into a 'a symbol of paternity, of the
137
creative potency* , whilst the sigil V\ signifies a moving man, on«

on his way. In the Pythagorean system, Lho odd numbers are said to
be divine.
ONYX Mag. SIC24A 17C
OPAL tfag. S1QJA I7C
OPH1EL Wag* Mediaeval sigil for the olanetary spirit of Mercury qjven
by TR1THEMTUS 1503; udTJ
SCRETBLE 1S4B ~^jp SHEPHERD 1971
OPHITES Ale. SIGNA 17C £/
OPPOSITION Ast* Several early sigits, mainly involved with joining two
circles (the celestial bodies) with a straight line, have come down to
us from early astrological systems- The standard form is recorded by
PIRHICUS 1499 f^
<
who gave also the sigil ^ as an alternative in a
woodcut of a horoscope , the sigil cutting through the connecting line
drawn between the two planets in opposition.
ASTROLOGICAL 1'jC o o SIGTLLIS 17C 8
SMITH 16C gives for ordinary opposition a variant <x> and for th^
opposition between Sun and Moon (see FULL MOON)/ the sigil COpra which
appears to relate to the most recent syzygy to the time for which the
horoscope was cast.
ORIGIN Occ. In the sequence of sigils described by BLAVATSKY 1888, and

outlined in MANIFESTATION, the sigil (^ called the mundane cross,
marks the stuage lesot«rical ly the third root race) for the incarnation
of humanity, the origin of human life in its physical embodiment. The
cross within a circle 'symbolises pure Pantheism; when the cross was
loft uninscriber!, it became phallic'. BLAVATSKY 188B gives an
alternative sigil for this symbolic Fall:Q^) explained as denoting
the time 'when the separation of the sexes by natural evolution took
IBS
1 n
ONY-OUN
pXa&e - when the figure became (\j ... the sexless life modified or
separated - a double* ylyph or symbol': £p* This encircled TAU was
said by BLAVATSKY 1B88 to have become (during the present period of
evolution - that is/ during the Fifth Race) in symbology the sacr* and
in Hebrew n'cabvah, originally phallic in meaning, but changed into
the Egyptian glyph ~T the emblem of life (see ANKU) and 'still later
into the sign of Venus: _iL Then comes tht* Svastica (Thor* s hammer,
or th& "Hermetic Cross** now), entirely separated from its Circle* - the
circlt* being the spiritualising agent: M^) - ' thus becoming purely
phallic* in the sigil; ^ See SWASTIKA. The sigils for Origin
show therefore the origin of Man as a spiritual being, and the origin
of Man as a material being, enmeshed in Nature.
ORIPHIEL Mag. Mediaeval sigil recorded by TRITHEMIUS 1503 for the

planetary angel of Saturn:
ORMOLU Ale. Several mediaeval sigils have been recorded by GESSMAWN

1906 for cjurum pictori tun: of *( Jf
ORP1MENV Ale* The most frequently used of the large number of sigils
- often listed under the name Auripigmentum * are those recorded from
a mediaeval manuscript by CARBONELLI 1525: <T— =C^=-
ALCHYHIA 1563 Of C T
SOMMHRHOFF 1701
4° ~»-
^ lTUr$ £j
_^ \ty ^ ^ § ^ J*
H?
GESSMANN 1906 I-0H
of©
,
&-*-0
„«
I — \K °~° ^ *
SCHNEIDER 1962
OSSA Rel. Mediaeval contraction given by CHASSANT 1884: O
OUNCE Ale. A mediaeval sigil given by CAPPELLI 1949: ]o

GESSMANN 1906 gives a series of mediaeval forms: 33 A <3 £* J &~\
See also UKCIA.
189
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, iWRMLTIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIC1LS
OURANOS Oc;a. OHONT 1894 records a Greek sigil —o— which represents
'the sky' and 'the home of the gods'. See also URANUS
OUTLET See RU
OXYGEN A)c. The sigil for the principe oxygine of Lavoisier, recorded
by CROPLAND 1962:
190
—
0U3-PAR
PALESTINIAN SCRIPT See HEBRAIC SCRIPT
PALLAS Ast. Perhaps the earliest sigil for this 'planet 1 (which is
in fact an asteroid) in orbit between Mars and Jupiter is given by

WILSON 1819; f
WILSON 1820 A SHEPHERD 1971 ^
PANTHEISM Sep ORIGIN
PAPAL CROSS See CROSS
PAPILIO Ast. Twenty^fifth of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al

sa'd al ahbiyah in the Arabic astrological system, a sigil for which
is given in MANSIONES 14C: * •
PARNIEL Mag. Sigil for spirit (perhaps Parmiel was intended) given by
1JEYD0N 1664 to represent the letter P in the secret writing called the
*£
%
'Alphabet o£ Angels and Genii': -j-
PARS Ast* Whilst there are very many different Arabian pars - one for
each planet save the Sun - the name by itself usually refers to Pars
Fortunas, the 'part of fortune', which Is the hypothetical point
occupied by the Moon if the Sun were to be on the Ascendant of the
figure under review.
19L
I
The common modern sigil is given {for example) by LILLY 1647: @

When another pars is to be Indicated, the normal procedure is for the
standard sigil to be given, followed by one of the sigils for the
relevant planet: for example, the 'part of Mercury 1
, sometimes called
the part of commerce? may be set out: ©$
FREODSUS 15C ® HOROSCOPES 15C
HOROSCOPE 1614 &— ASTROLOGY 17C
COLEY 17C $—c S1BLV 1790 3^C
WILSON 1819 )sC STRAGGLING 1824 ^C
RIJDHYAR 19 36 l
3H
OMONT 1894 gives a Greek sigil derived from the word klipos, though
this is a general term, t-.hero being many such purs in Greek astrology
(see for example DA1M0N) ; K^
PARS CUM PARTE Ale, ALCHEMICAL 17C j!(L
^
d thP GESSMANN 1906 J^ Kfi/££
PARS FGRTUNAE See PARS
PART Ala. The mediaeval sigils given by GESSMANN 1906 refer to

~*0 -fee
—<, *@!
quantity, and have nothing to do with PARS: ft
~fc£t ~b
PASA See ANKH
PASSIVE INTELLECT Occ. Sigil originated by KOCH 1930:
PASSIVE PRINCIPLE Occ. A modern sigil given by CIRLOT 1962 for the
'passive, static principle' :
PASTE Ale. Several mediaeval sigils have been recorded by GESSMANN

1906: $ f£ $ /
''
PASTOR Ast. Twenty-second of the mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al

Sa'd al Dhabih in the Arabic astrological tradition* recorded by
192
PAR- PEN
.VANSIONES J.4C: a a
PATINA OP GOLD Ale. BERTUELOT 1B85 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition: n?
PATINA OF SILVER Ale. BERTHEIOT 1SB5 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition: r~<L
PE Occ. The 17th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivatives and variants have been given within the
tradition of secret alphabets, r.otabiy these recorded by BARTOLOZZI
1675: ££ X ^/ Hd t^l WKCH
with the STAR ARCANUM of the Tarot pack, and with the constellation
1927 equates the letter
Andromeda and zodiacal Pisces- He gives the graphic etymology of
the letter form *] "3 *3 **0 and traces this back to the idea of
•mouth 1
, which is expressed in an Egyptian hieroglyphic related to RU.
PEARIi Ale. DIDEROT 1763 j{

£J
PEBBLE Ale. GFSSMANN 1906 •* See also STONE
PENDU See HANGING MAN
PRNTAO<AM One of the recurrent sigils cf occultism, with very

Occ.
many different levels of meaning: ^-
AGRIPPA 1531 reproduces it in
symbolic form as representative of the form of the human body, an idea

which is expressed in BLAVATSKY 18BB, and (through the connexion of the
sigil with the planet Venus) in SOMMERHOFF 1701, and in SCHULTZ 1963
(from a heliocentric point of view) - but see MICROCOSMIC
PENTAGON.
STEINER 1906 treats it as an ancient sigil of the Third Logos and o£

the Microcosm itself. In the esoteric tradition the pentagram is
linked with the etheric or guintessontiai forces in man, which is

perhaps why STEINER 190f. gives the sigil as a symbol of mankind
developing itself: 'it is the star that all wise men follow as did
19J
*
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL S1C1LS
Lhe priest-sages in ancient: ages 1

.
The sigil has a wide and varied application: see for example both
DEVTI. and POPE.
PERFECTION Oca. The sigil given by HOMER i723 to indicate both

Perfection and the Universal Quintessence is actually the late
ciediaeval sigil for the S0n4 HOMER 1757 v
PERIOD See PRIMORDIAL CIRCLE
PHALEG Mag. TRITBEMIUS 1503 gives n mediaeval sigil for this

planetary spirit of Mars: l_)
l '~*
\
~-\ —
Two variant sigils are recorded, one by SCHEI3LE 1848 i
,L
~H the
~ (
other by SHEPHERD 1971: LbJ-^— '
PU1L0SOPHER Ale. A mediaeval abbreviation is recorded by CHASEANT

1 884 : pV/
SOMMERHOFF 1701 ^?
PUlLOSOPliER'S STOKE flic. SHEPEERD 1971 gives the sigil V which

is one of the forms for SULPHUR upside-down.
PHILOSOPHIC EGG /,1c. DIDEROT 1763

L763 <h
<Z? ^
^^ LUBDY
LOBl 1928 E^>
PHILOSOPHIC LEAD Ale. FRANCKI.YN 1627 ^J

SIGNA I7C J
PHILOSOPHIC S ULPHUR Ale. VALENTINE 1G71 A
DIDEROT 1763 CO ^ GESSMANN 1906 ^ ^ ^f
PHLSGMA Occ. Phlcgma was originally one of the humours which
regulated human temperament, and the sigils listed below are perhaps
Intended to refer to this humour. However, DIDEROT 1763 gives the
Sigil i
S-^- which Is probably intended to refer to sputum.
194
-
PER- PIS
SCHNEIDER 1962 records for Phlegms*, xqua insipida $ the sigils £

o-f^X^> >?^ P7 h but these forms appear to be derived directly
from SOMMERHOPF 1701, who gives a specifically alchemical definition
for the tetrm, and calls it Aqua ttexourii prima
WORLIDGE 1651 p^ FRANCKLYN 1627
SHELTON 17C hH \7 V^*
See also* TEMPERAMENTS.
PHLOGISTON AJc. BERGMANN 17B5 *^>

DIUEROT 1763 *^S
PHOSPHORIC ACID flic. SCHSFFERS 1775 ~HZj
PHOSPHORUS Aic. DIDEROT 1763 ^

HAESENFRATZ 1787 ^S DALTON 1808 ©
LU2BY 192Q
PHUL Wag. TRITH2M1US 1503 gives a nediaevai sigi for the plarnâry
spirit of the Moon:
SCHElBT.E 1B4S
?JJj SHEPHERD 1971 V^
PILGRIMAGE Occ. A siqil WhiCft was perhaps invented by KOCH 1930 is
obviously intended to express the idea or 'pilgrimage through life',
or sane? such idea: L_L—
Within u chiromantic context, TRACTATULUS ISC gives a sigil which is
probably intended to rp£er CO the idaa of a religious pilgrimage in
the meHiaeval sense: f\\
PINT Aic. Sigil s given by DiDERO'l' 1763 for the measure of 0.9 litres
liquid; In CH
PISCES Ast* Sigil fcr the zodiacal sign of the 'Fishes', derived in
ito printed font from the later mediaeval manuscript tradition, as for
195
.
example in BONATri 15C j\ but ultimately derived from Graeco-

Byzantine forms, as in NEUGEBAUER 1959 below. The sigil is said by
AGRIPPA 1510 to be based on the shape of the fishes, though graphic
explanations within the framework of esoteric Christian symbolism
relate the sigil to CHRIST (see for example MERCURY 197B and GETl'INGS
1978)
Ancient Egyptian: BERLIN 42AD X
STOBART 2C ^P 9 & SPTRGETflERG 1911
£f
Gra&co-Byzantine 7 NEUGEBAUER 1959 •><? % X
MudiuQval: DIGBY 12C ASTRONOMICAL
y
JANUA 14C -j^- LEUPOLDI 14C
HYG1NUS 1482 X MANSIONTBUS 1482
FIRMICUS 1499 X ASTROLOGICAL 1 5C °)(
QUADRANT TS 15C IX- RAWL1NS0N 15C ~Q

SCALIGEH 15C ^ -*7 scot 15c yc -£ 3- *-
TABLES 15C )( SCHYNAGEL 1500 V
AGRIPPA 1510 TKURNEYSSER 1570 VL
THURNEYSSER 1574 DVi. BRAHE 1582 ,X*
SIGILLIS 17C ~)s(, BLUNDEVTLLE 3 602 fc
DARIOT 1557 ^ FOOTE 17C -J-ft
MAGICI 17C ~)£ ASTROLOGY 1719 i=C

PYTHAGORAS 18C ^T BOU-CIIE-LECLERCQ : 899
NEROMAN 19 37 j^? K NEERACHER 1967 oS
SIDEREAL 1951 &
LEUPOLDI 14C gives a sigil for the constellation Pisces.
See also SPIRIT OF PISCES-
PISCIS Ast. The last of the twenty-eight mediaeval lunar mansions/

called Al Batn al hut in the Arabic astrological system/ given in
gp Q V 0P(
ttANSIONES 14C:
PLANETARY SPIRITS Occ, A number of sigils have been preserved from

mediaeval aourctis relating to What are now usually called Plarrefcarc/
Spirits, though at least one group of these were originally the
19 f>
PIS-PLA
daemons of the planets/ and recorded under such nane by AGRTPPA 1531.
The DATMON of occultism, like the daimon of the Greeks, was not of
course the demon of popular lore* though it has been confused, with it
in misinformed circles: only the kakadaemon resembled in any way the
European demon. Accordingly, to avoid such associations arte
confusion, the sigils have been preserved under separate entries - see
SPIRIT OP JUPITER, SPIRIT OF MARS, SPIRIT OF MERCURY , SPIRIT OF MOON,
SPIRIT OF SATURN, SPIRIT OF SUN and SPIRIT OF VENUS. TRITHEMIUS 1522
gives a list of planetary spirits which he called S&cundadeis or
Intel liqancies (the traditional word) , and which have been since called
Archangels: these are the tutelary rulers of historical epochs,
however, and in TRITHEMIUS 1503 there is to be found a list of sigils
attached to certain of the names of these Intelligences, though it is
likely that the planetary spirits of the Epochs are derived (via the
Arabs} from the Gnostic traditicn> whilst the latter groups which bear
similar names are derived from the cabbaliwtic tradition: see the
siqils given after the names in the following table, derived from
TRITHEMIUS 1503-
PLANET PLANETARY SPIRIT PLANETARY ANGEL
JUPITER BETHOR -t-fi ^ ZACHARIEL _H -P f
MARS PBALEG \
U-4jJ ' SAMUEL
MERCURY OP HI EL ]J\~J RAPHAEL
MOON phux Lyj GABRIEL
SATURN ARATRON r^^H 0R1PHIBL
SUN OCE h^-J MICRAEL
VENUS HAG ITU U=* t=i-J ANAEL
PLANETARY SYMBOLS Occ, The following account relates to a group of

siqils termed planetary which must not be confused with the modern
application of the term: for the modern usage, see the lists of sigils
under the headings of JUPITER, MARS, MERCURY, MOON, SATURN, SUN and
VENUS. Tho following (alphabetical) list is derived almost
exclusively the mediaeval manuscript tradition, and few of the
frora
sigils within it have anything Lo do with thp symbolism common to
197
i C
astrology a::ci alchemy, in spite of the association with the planetary

names. Many of these sigils are probably derived from copies of
Arabic and oriental letters or words, and have been used almost
exclusively for magical purposes, as for example in prophylactic seals
and amulets. An enormous number of these sigils have been preserved
in manuscripts, and iz would be both tiresome and ultimately pointless
to list more than those which have, for onts reason or another, entered
the mainstream of occultism; che list below is therefore a select
but incomplete anthology. The sigils are grouped {alphabetically)
under the names traditionally ascribed to them, though the specific
differences in their use is now somewhat obscure.
ANNULOS
CARDAN 1557 gives the following;
Jupi tor: & °&»
6 X--
Wars i E^gns
Mercury £1
>«
n
Moon, o~£-
*- A-
,/Sy
j '•- -7
Saturn: |^-o
>fc _
Venus: p-j)- o <^ lH
Jupiter:
-£ ^ X ± % Q*
ASTROLOGICAL 15C
CARDAN 1557
LUNAE ISC
V
^V ^ ?
;£
£
£j >~^— O
l/ft
^ \£> 1^
^ J
jf fi
ASTROLOGICAL 15C ^ V" TL I— U°

CARDAN 1557 T^C? ^ T^V "^
LUNAE ISC £&
Mercury:
ASTROLOGICAL 15C
CARDAN 1557
LUNAF- 15C
1118
:
PLANETARY SYMBOLS
Moon
ASTROLOGICAL 1.sc J^ A -jui ~Yl Of -P-* >C
CARDAN 1557
LUNAE 15C
Saturn:
ASTROLOGICAL 15C V^ -ft*. X "0? C P? f
jP U
CARDAN 1557
LUNAE 15C X
J>j!j
J£~=
^
-f®
1-
/J"
r-L
W^
AVI
^ "^
Sun -
X
-i- O
TL t^
V 5 >=£ V^ IT
ASTROLOGICAL 15C
CARDAN 1557
LUNAE 15C
1^3
M^JX ^
CT^
f^n
|
"jf" 1>
ASTROLOGICAL 15C JfL ^5p -^} ^J

3 ^- '
|
O
CARDAN 155
LUNAE 15C 9o
7p ,
n rw o
n_jy^S> l1_lJ
u|._L^ £ C "Q^
DJV7JVL" LETTi'ffS'
Jupiter.-
AGRIPPA 1531 <}*S 3 ^ ^ S ^ JV X ^ V >WH
BRAHS 1582 K^X "b A I rt^ *+- ^ £, »7V\.
TRITHEMIUS 1503 \ \^± ^H I HT *^ "\^£ oMfi>
Mars;
AGRIPPA 1531 <
\r.'V -^ ° ~ 7
-~
^ ^ "^
BRAUE 15S2 VjX J-*^ J "^ J ^
TRITHEHIUS 1503 V^^p^— ^-17 °" «5~ "X"
Mercury -
AGRIPPA 1531 *<S <?A. "2 -<?
<^1-
>^
^
^,
^
P
3RAHF. 1532 <$.,_ ^ 2, 34,-1-
TR1THEMIU5 1503
woon .
R_ S^ ^ >rH-. <j
AGRTPPA 1531 0: O JC^J Â "%^

BRAHE 1582 % fcl C--A W" 2>
TRITHEHIUS 1503 CC ^LJ* ^"'A OA/" ^
199
: : f
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERPETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
Sa turn
AGRIPPA 1531 I ££ ^^\rr[ ^>? £ 'W"
BRAHE 1582 3l_ -F t ^W^7 .SL -9 'VV
-'
TRITBEHIUS 1503 \ -X -f t/N-A^J-^-^l X *^ 'VA/2
agrippa i53i o?a 1 ^V5^ ^ L ^ 4 <y t A/-a

BRAHE 1582
TRITHEH1DS 1503 "^\
(T j ] -[
£
^ £ VU H X^~T
1/U ^ P^T
I
AGRIPPA 1531 S^T C^ 8 £P

BRAHE 1582 <2yVT ^ g £
^
TRITHEMIUS 1503 u/V "J? 8 *^1
srGrr-5
Jupiter:
BRAHE 1582 >"* 0r+* D -X H-^ £^
^
CARDAN 1557
S1GILLIS 17C
TRITHEMIUS 1503
JTJ]
^
£j
k
Hlf-p'
°^T
"%
** °
\]
^ K^^ E-nsu^P
8 l
~4-
^ ^ \JW ¥
ttBTfif
BRAHE 1582 J-^—° /f\ *j «H I

C *^~» T
^M
"
C
j-^ C 1
CARDAN 1557 O
°"J
"£ "7" ~V4
—
SIGHTS 17C CJ ^0^ <^f J ^ fl n ff t
TR1THEMIUS 1503
Mercury
^^-o l| ^ A^ t /f) "^
BRAHE 15B2 fi ^ V 7*5° ^ *L

CARDAN 1557 ^^g^^ ?^^
SIGILÎS
TRITHEMIUS 1503
17C^ »
^ ^ ^^
^ ^ 3 7^ ^ /^ T)
fe
BRAHE 1582 T£ X ^ ~/^ ° —-^ ° 7 &

CARDAN 1557 *7^ cr^- ^d^ _)"<£_ *
TRITHEMIUS 1503 ^ /^
?0O
PLA-PLU
Saturn:
ERASE 1582 J~**LLl.i^'H^
^- G^< ^ J® V ^ P ^
CARDAN 1557 <\j!xZi C\
SIGILLIS L7C li *-*
TRITHEMIUS 1503 ^7
J~l Lo Laa^ ~ll Vs -'
-t 1
Sun:
BRAHE 1582 ^ \J? + ^" 6\' «!
CL
CARDAN 15B2 -If" *X ^ J$ S~£
*
SIGILLIS 17C -^ CT& J^~ ,±f£-
TRITHEMIUS 1503 "^ <£/"> r^ '^
Venus.*
BHUK 1582 &° 5T~ A 16 ^ <2^+ ^ _
CARDAN 15S7 ^ J
Q _L^
^^j_- -|^|
-yj v^j-- rj^
sigillis i7c
TRITHEMIUS 1503
^
,T^
J\, IT) (5^ *j
See also JUPITEH, MARS, MERCURY, MOON, SATURN, SUN and VENUS.
PLANT Ala* BERTHELOT 1 885 preserves two sigiis derived f ran
Greek alchemical manuscripts: fi/ /2>/3
PLATINUM Ale. SCIIEFFERS 1775 2XD DALTON 1808 (p)
PLEIADES Ast* Mediaeval sigil for the star cluster, sometimes called
the Atlaptides, in the vicinity of 29° of the constellation Taurus*
given by HERMETTIS 13C: < >JJ -tn T- / o—n T )
stream of symbolism: Lj—1
PLI/ro Ast- The most common European sigii (see HONE 1951 below) and
the most common USA sigil (see JONES 1969 below) have surfaced from
numerous suggestions made since the official discovery of this planet
in 1930. The planet was named, and ascribed rulership over zodiacal
Scorpio long before its official discovery, by PAGAN 1911, who gave
the earliest sigi I ^4 which is the graphic equivalent of the
201
. P
negative Mars which had rulership over Scorpio until that time.
Before this, there had been a hypothetical Pluto, claimed by WEMYSS
1927 to be ruler of Cancer and 'probably the most distant planet from
the Sun' WEMYSS 1927 gives two variants for this hypothetical
planet; /T\ Jfa, hut in a later edition of his book (subsequent to
the discovery of the modern planet by Lowell) an attempt was made to
designate the discovered planet Lowell-Pluto, a name which did not
receive wide acceptance, but which may have been instrumental in
forming the common European sigil, from the initials of the suggested
name: 2 WEMYSS 1933 suggested the sigil 1_ for his own
Lowell-Pluto.
TRIERENS 1931 <j/ RAPHAEL 1933 -&-
RUDHYAR 19.16 ^ NEROMAN 1937 Q
WAL7HER 1939
EBERTIN 1950
/0\
Q ^
RAPHAEL 1939
SEMENTOVSKY 1950
^^p ^
HONE 1951 £ DEUTSCHE 1961 ^^
HAÊS 1969 ~f JONES 1969 ^
EBERTIN 1970 ^ W^ McCAFFERY 1970 c^
SIDGWICK 1973 P KENTON 1974 ^C
HAWKINS 1976 ^ MEYER 1976
^
PERSONAL 1980 t£?
PLUTO-LOWELL Ast. Sigil suggested by WEMYSS 1933: L

But see Pr.uro
POLE STAR See CAUDA URSAE
POLISH Ale. SIGNA 17C ^—
POPE Occ. WIRTH 1927 relates this 5th arcanum of the Torch pack to
the Hebraic letter BE, and accords it the sigil of the PENTAGRAM: •*&
PORULUS Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen gecmantlc figures". J I

• *
A multitude of variants istars, dots. Floral devices, etc.) is used
?oz
PL.U-POW
to denote the same four-fold arrangenent- Populvs is linked by

AGRIPPA 1532 with th« •planet 1
Moon, the element Water, and the
zodiacal sign Capricorn. The following sigils lire derived from the
late-mediêvul tradition, and are sometimes used to denote tho Koon
Itself, as for example in TRiTIIEMlUS 1503,
AGRIPPA 1531 § fe?^ %7 C2
TRITHEMIUS 1503 D L^-J
POTABLE GOLD Ale. ALCHSTHIA 1563 -+-

-J"
ONOHASTICUK L574 ^-fc Q ALCHEMICAL I.7C _? _2_

6
SOMHERKOFP 1701 ^ ^ P
GESSMANW 1906 \,
<
SCHNEIDER 1362 9~£-
POTASK Ala* VALENTTNB L671 *Vf

SHELTON 17C ^? ^ DALTON 1808
GESEMAKN 19oG records a larqe nuiaber of mediaeval sigils , among which
Che following are worthy of note: U 4r* -^ ~pJ "rH 'A V ±1
H?9^SUltîS'? © Try n
t^^CAAV V
SCHNEIDER 1962 CC ? J~i
|r
8
X T 2
s-i.
<=£ ft?- 3-
See also SAL ALKALI
POTASSIUM Ale. ALBSRTUE 1971 ~\$[
POTASSIUM NITRATE Ale. SHEPHERD 1971 CD
POUND Ale. The pound weight is t&os^ commonly given a sigillic form
from the term libra, as for example in tho list of mediaeval forms
recorded by GESSMANN 1906: ~^~ X lV iÂ. Jv* ^p \\Z Su -
/f^
5ERTHEL0T 1885 records a sicil from the Gree* tradition: '^f

ALBERTUS 1974 yives a sigil fc£ which is almost certainly a poor
copy of the comraor. contraction: To
POWDER Me. Several of the mediaeval sicils below arc used

synonymously with those for DUST, and in both oases certain o£ the
2C- ,
v ;
DTCTIQNA.HY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGTLS
sigils are derived from an abbreviation of the Latin pulvis.

WORLIDGE 1651 J-" -ijT
^ SHELTON 17C J£
-J
DIDEHOT 1763 p |§" GESSMANN 1906 % % =j=- ^8~t
POWDER OF 3RICK Ale.

SHELTON 17C C DTDESOT 1763 LT
PKAYER Occ . Two related early Christian sigils are recorded by

VERARD1 1972, though with modem (and perhaps imaginative) interpret-
ations: 'prayer addressed hy the World to Cod': Vfo* 'prayer
rising to God from the Farthly and Lower World' : >&/
TESTA 1962 gives three sigils which depict the praying human: ur-i L J
J ^
KOCH 1930 gives a highly personalised interpretation of the six-pointed
star Jf^. as being derived from a graphic form depicting the union of
human prayer with t" 6 descending power of God:
^f /\
PRECIPITATE Ale. VALENTINE 1671 — -*

% %
DIDEROT 176.1 ^ C^- GESSMANN 1906 =3=-
PRECIPITATE OF LEAD Ale. VALENTINE 1671 V_
PRECIPITATE OF MERCURY Ale. VALENTINE 1671

SHELTON 17C ~lf~ SIGNA 17C jj£
PHL? ACTION Ale. GESSMANN 1906

-ffi£
PREPARE Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives the forms for 'prepare', as a

direction to the practical alchemist: ff [^ (Oj .££ P ~p"_^ pf
SOMMERHOFF 1701 also gives the sigils £AV - oc co9"« secundum^
artem, which means 'prepare alchemically'
PREVIOUS SYZYGY Ast . Two sigils have survived, but. in bath cases the
references are generally to the opposition between the luminaries,
rather than to the conjunction. A Graeco-Byzantine sigil is given by
,.,-,.,
' o
POW-PRI
NEUGEBAUER 19G9 ~*xy whilst SMITH 16C gives a sigil OO which

is sometimes preceded by the abbreviation prae to denote the previous
conjunction: p**&« <f or opposition; prat o —
PR1APUE TAUR1 Ale. GESSMANN 1906 records several sigils, all clearly
related to r.hn zodiacal sigil for TAURUS: D O O O
PRIMAL POWER 0cc In the graphic system proposed by HONE 1051/ the
circle is said to symbolise eternity, the never-ending, *henca spirit
or primal power* , When a dot is placed inside the circle/ to produce

the modern sigil for the SUM, then 'the circle*., signifies the
beginning of the emergence of th&t power* I \^J
PRIMORDIAL CIRCLE Occ . BLAVATSKY L888 in her account of the occult

theory of time - dealing specifically with the birth of time, and
with the earliest cycle of the year - writes 'The first sign of
this primordial circle and cycle made in heaven is the earliest shape
of the Ankh-cross a mere 1 UU P which contains both a circle and
C^C
the cross in one image 1
... 'it is the ideograph of a period, an
ending, a tine.
See also ANKH and CROSS
PRINCTPIA See ELEMENTS
PRINC1PIA CHYMICA Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives the following sigils
for the 'Chemical Principles' or R/em^nta, which are scarcely the

1
Elements 1
of modern science:
SALT
SULPHWH ^
MEttCOPY W
SPIRIT ~§—
FARTH \7
See also ELfcM^NLS
20E>
DICTIONARY OC OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGTLS
PRINC1P1A COKPORUM See ELEMENTS
PRITÎVI Dec. A sigil which is virtually an equivalent of the

occidental EARTH element, given in oriental sourcus r and associated
with the Wyladhara, or Root Chakra: D
The sigil is said to be of a yellow colour, and is recorded by
AVALON 13 19-
PRUtfECTION Ale. MICHAELSPACHER 1616 gives Che sigil <g^> next ro the
giqr ot constellation Pisces/ perhaps to symbolise the alchemical
process of Projection (which/ needless to say/ has nothing uo do with
the occult spiritual technique of Astral Projection/ as it is wrongly
termed) -
PROOF Sec TEST,
PSOHTON Mag. SCHEIBLE 1848 elves four variant sigils for this
spirit: NJj rfwPi yfei, ^T
PUELLA Gqo. Sigil for one of tho sixteen geomantic figures: *
A multitude cf variants (stars, dots* floral device^/ etc.J are used

to deno~e tho same four-fold arrangement. Ptwlla is linked by
AGRTPPA 1531 with the element of Water, the planet Venus, and the
zodiacal sign Libra. The following sigils are derived from ^Jie late
nmdi'ieval r.radition , and are sometimes used to denote the planet Venus,
as for example in TaiTUEMiTJS 15o3.

AGRIPPA 1531 <£> -^ + ^ NJZ
PUBR Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantit; figures: ^^

A multitude of variants (stars, dots, floral devices, etc.) is used
to denote rhe same four-fold arrangement. Puet is linked by
AGRTPPA 1531 with the element of Fi're, the planet Mars, arid the
zoaiacal sign Aries. The following sigils are derived frorr the Late*-
mediaeval tradition, and are some times used ro denote the nianet Mars,
206
PRI-PYR
AGRIPPA 1531
KEYDQN 1664
^+^44
as for example in TRITHEMlUS 1503.
^
PUGILLUM Ale, A rough measure, used by alchemists r &nd defined <*s 'that
which may he held in three fingers' or 'that which wuy be h&ld between
the thumb and the first two fingers' * and limited in application to the
measure of powders, GESSMANN 1906 records some mediaeval forms which
arc abbreviations: l / V ht-
ALCHEMTCAL L7C "P
PULVERISE Ale. SIGKA 17C OO X^

GESSMANN 1906 </4 f* J^ 11 <zft <&%• <+ry
PURGATIVE WTNE Ale. SHELTOK 17C \2j
PURGE Ale. SIGKA 17C 0-u Bn. S V \^

PURIFICATION flic, SOMMERHOFF 1701 \J 1j \J~ \f ^ J^l
PUKIFY Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 \_J

PRANCKLYN 1G27 v_^
DIDEROT 1763 *tP VZ_ FR2SN2 1683 \/
GESSMANN 1906 °---i '
SCHNEIDER 1962 \P- *\S \j P
PUTREFACTION Ai::. W0RLTDGL1 1651 ~Y'

ALCIIEKY 1G50 ZC-V ^ SHET.TON '.
7C ~r \
GESSMANN 1906 -p* ^ *^~ <H" H>- E5
PUTREFY flic. DIDEROT 1763 Vy7 jT But see PUTREFACTION.
PYRITES Aic- BF.RTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical
tradition for copper pyrites: y^. and a number of related sigils
for ordir.ary pyrites: \~\ v P
\ IX] "Hp
207
DICTIONARY Or OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGTLS
PYKOPHORUS Ale, SCHEFFERS 1775

*
PYTHAGOREAN SIGIL Occ • The ancient Pythagorean y Is explained by
BLAVATSKY 1888 in terms of the binary (of 'Good and Lvil') deLaching
itself from the single Monad. A more exoteric interpretation,
relating the sigil to 'choice', is given by WiRTH 1923, who associates
the figure with the LOVERS ARCANUM of the Tarot pack. The sigil is
also listed by TESTA 1962 as one of the early Christian forms for the
CROSS.
?oa
PYR-QUI
QUADRATURE A&t* Sigil given by SHEPHtIRD 1971 as an obsolete

astronomical symbol for the SQUARE aspect: _[
QUARTILE See SQUARE.
QUATERNARY Occ . dee 1564 gives the sigil —J — as part of the graphic
system underlying his MONAD, relating to rhe four elements (but see
also TERNARY and OCTONARY, both of which are related to this form) .
A Heries of modern siqils, presented as d logical graphic develqpment f

is given by CIRLOT 1962. The cross is 'spiritual and neutral': H-
whilst -1— is 'the spiritual guaternary acting upon the inferior
ternary'. The 'spiritual, active or dynamic' principle is /^ whilst
the 'spiritual , active quaternary acting upon the neutral* is yk
The 'spiritual quaternary in the universe' 13 xz^p and the 'material
principle within totality' : (Lj) The A
two quaternaries - spiritual
<m<l m&teri&l - within the totality' is (j^
It must be pointed out that those explanations in no way reflect the
real occult nature of these sigils f and arts purely modern inventions-
See also MATERIAL.
QUEDBARSllEMNGTli «*#• A sigil for the spirit given by 1IEYD0N 1664 to

represent the letter Q in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of Angels
and Genii 1 : JT
QUICKLIME Ala. The calx viva of the alcheioists, for which the
209
£
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIC1LS
following siqils are most fequently used:

ONOMASTTCON 1574 — WORL1DGE 1651 ^ T ^2* V
FRANCKLYN 1627 G" VALENTINE 1671 ^ '4-
SIGNA 17C ~^\y

SOMKERHOFF 1701 "% ft
% N^ OC *%* J?T C^ Jp* 0* -Q^
BERGMANN 17B5 ^
GESEHAMN 1906 records a nomber of mediaeval forms: V \£* -£. ^' CV
J" ,3 £ -? 4 o-h ^ -^ -*- £. ^ -5- -fc je &
BERTHELOT 18B5 records
ALBERTUS 1974 J
a sigil frorr. the Greek alchemical tradition:
^
*i.
QUICKSILVER Aic. whilst this is merely another name for MERCURY, Lhe
following sigils have been given specifically under this headings
WORLIDGE 1671 Z4 ^ty V p4-e (g- P) ^
SULLTON L7C \.,~ r/ c^ f £ GO >f '-">—
£ $ ^ <=/?o
J i4
DID2RCT 1763
5. 4 isa h- o^^^^ô^^^
\£>
SCHNEIDER 1962
CRCSLANO 1962 records
-\\f
fy
o-U,
a
^
Greek sigil:
<3f
^V
$ J^ ^
Sk« mercury, for which the above siqils are also applicable.
QUINCUNX Ast. ^n astrological aspect of 150 degrees.

BIMM0K1TL 1G90 QX RAPHAEL L900 _L
RAPHAEL 1902 ^J? DE GIVRY 1931 Qf
DE VORE 1947 A HADES 196? A
quintessence Occ. m i\_ s occult sense, the fifth element has been
given few sigils, perhaps because iL is the invisible one of the five,
and iLs unstated presence in a sigil combining the 'visible' elements
is understood (see elements: . as an Invisible sigil, the quintessence

aay bo regarded as being symbolised i:: Lhe space aL Lhe cenLre of the
sigil for the four elements recorded by sommerhoff l?ol:
210
oui-yui
HOMER 1723 gives the sicjil O as the tenth in the descending series
of Lhc so-called Golden Chain of Homer, symbolic of the 'Universal
Quint essence* / the spirit of which permeates the created world: this
could cz course be the sigil for the SPIRTTUE HUNDi.

HOMER 1757 gives a variant: ^ see HOMER'S GOT.DEN CHAIN.
GEHEIXE 17B3 qiv«s ?-?£fvv%
£°r Heavenly Qui ntes$&nc& as though xo
dlsLinguish this froift the Natural or Earthly. QEHBIME 1788 gives

Lhc sigil ^3 for Natural QulnteBS&nce and a related form fcr the
Heavenly Quintessence: «.**,*.
WORLIDGE 1671 i£*^ FRAKCKL.YN 1627 (3^

VALENTINE 1671
S1CNA 1?C ^ ^°
ztf S11ELI0N 17C
^ A
*•
SOMMERHOFF 1701 t^f— Q.E

DIDEROT L763 S* ct POTSSON 1891 J^s
GESSMANN 1906 3r* Jfo. £_,
LUEDY 1928 ^ ^k-o
> p*
SCHNEIDER 1962 O.
Bu- see also AKASiJYA and ETHERIC
1/
QUINTESSENCE OF WINE Ale. FRANCKLYN 1627 Q^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 £L_9 &£, V^ 7$^
OUINTTLE Ast. Sigils given for the aspect of 72 degrees Include

stmkonitl: 189o Q^. Raphael. L903 Q_
HEXEB 1974
211
*
DICTIONARY Ol<* OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHLSICAL SIGTLS
RAIN WATER Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 equates aqua pluvialXS with 'soft
water 1
i and gives the sigils: ^y^ ^^ ^^ v V
GHSSNANN 1906 ^ ^ V^ SCHNEIDER 1962 V Pl
BERTHELOT 1895 records sigiis from the Greek tradition; **£ ^SS
RAPHAEL wag. TRITHHMXOS 1 503 records the mediaeval -T~^ I Li2J*^ lor
this Archangel who is within his system also one of the secundadeis
or JrtteJIigcncies- BARRETT 1801 gives a variant font: j-<M"© L?—
Tho mediaeval sigil recorded by SHEPHERD 1971 *-X- Indicates that
theoretically any of the sigiis for the planet MERCURY may also fce
used to denote Raphael, who is variously called 'the Angel of Mercury'

or 'the Angel of Wednesday 1
in popular occuit texts.
S«e SPHERE OF MERCDKy
REALGAR flic, WORLIDOE 1651 (§ 7b CR0LLIU5 1612 <f\ *X

FRESNK 1698 79 o\ VALENTINE 1671 X "]C
SHELTON 17C ^l SIGNS 17C ~0 d^

SOMKERHGPF L701 zf^X, ^$" *X ^^ OC rf^*V^-* ^V~^
GESSMANN 1906 J2/r\^j
RECETVFR Ale. The sigil is intended to denote a piece of alchemical

apparatus, for which GESSMANN L90fi gives two forms: ^3 ^tr^T3
/-
SCHEFPERS 1775 contrasts the sigil for the recipient ^J with that
for thO R1ST0HT \
Q**\ ALBERTUS 1974 *^)
212
.
RA1-3ED
£? SOMMERHOFF l?Ol J> ^ ^

RECIPE A}a.
GESSMANN 1906
ALCHEMICAL 17C
!> £ ^ SCHNEIDER 1962 ^^
RECTIFIED SPIRIT OF WINE AJC. ALBERT'JS L974 —Qr
RED ARSENIC Ale. ALCKEMX 1650 ^

o——q
ALCHEMICAL 17C
SIGNA 17C ***
o-S-'-o o-J*-e
0^° SHELTON 17C « ^^

^ «™
^
RED DOLE Ale. SIGNA 17C
RED IRON ORE Ale GESSHANN 1906 7T <v»
RED LEAD See MINIUM
Ala. SOMMERHOFF 1701 J^ <Af* <^ of* ^ #*- A

RED ORPIMENT
GESSMANN 1906 <£j
SCHNEIDER 1962
cA
2>0
*!* ^ ^"^ ^"^ ^ "^
See also RED ARSENIC
RED PRECIPITATE OF MERCURY AlC. CESS^NN 1906 £;-=. V

HED SULPHUR Ale ALCHEMICAL 17C /' '
\ ^ %
RED SULPUURET OF ARSENIC Ale. ALCHEMICAL 1650 JT

t
GESSMANN 19 06 -4^- °-J-« /%

Soe also HKD ARSENIC and RED ORPIMENT
REDUCTION Ale. SOMMERHOFF 17Ui *}**J £j? J- 'V
RED VINEGAR AJc- DIDEROT 1763 \/V
RED VITRIOL Ale DIDEROT L763 ^ &
213
DTCTTONARX OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STGILS
RLJ WINE Ale. D13EROT 1763 3

RUGIJLE OF ANTIMONY Ale, DIDEROT 1763
'
7 T
t-
H^ -1
REGT.r_.lIS Ale. WORI.inGE 1651 '-^ -' @;>

GESSMAWN 1906 __V~_ |.V^ -^_?'
v-v
SCHNEIDER 1962 gives fcr Fegvlas antimonii mcdicinalis:
For the sigils usod to denote the fixed star commonly caileci Rcgulus,
see the entry under COR LE0N1S. SOMXERHOFF 1701 gives a sigil.
which might well be taken as relating to the astrological usage, but
it is more likely intended fcr the alchemical term-
RELAII Mag. sigil for spirit giver, by H2YD0N 1664 to represent the
-etcer R in secret writing called the 'Alphabet of Angels ar,d
Genii": ^£j
RLNOVATIO KETAliLORIIM Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^
RESCH Occ. The 20th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRTP?]
secret alphabets, notably those collected by BARTOLOZZI 1675: 9^ °\(
J~f ^—^ â ^-*- WIRTB 1927 equates Resell with the JUDGEMENT
~~
card of the Tarot pack, and gives the forms -A ^-\ ~"\ \ as the
graphic: etymology for the letter, which he traces to the idea of 'head'
of which it was in the Egyptian hieroglyphic the equivalent form.
RES :na flic. SiGNA 170 SQMMERUOFF 1701

$
RETORT Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 6~^
FRANCKiiYN 1627 /f* SIGMA 17C ^p "r\
SCHEFFERS 1775 <J\ DIDEROT 1763 <g (p§
CARRICHTERUS 19C (^° POI3SON 1891 C^
GESSMANN 1906 Q ^ °% O—? LUliDY 1928
214
RrlD-ROS
RETROGRADE Ast. All the recorded sigils for the retrograde rr.ot.ion of
the planets appear to be based on the capital letter of the word.

IBN EZRA 14B5 ^B^ HOROSCOPE 15C Pt
GIUNTI.NI 1583 F^ WELLING 1735 Pi
5IBLY 1790 °^C ZADKIEL 1835

WEMYSS 1933 ^ DEOTSCHB 1951
REVERBE SATING FIRE Ale GESSMANN 1906 ££\
REVERBERATING FURNACE AiC. SOMMERBOFF L701 ~h j]
REVESBEKAT10 Ale. ALCHEMY 1650 —&*

SIGNA 17C (2^ SOMM3RH0FP 1701 ^f ^q
GESSMANN 1906 ^
RIND OF POMEGRANATE Ale. DIDEROT 1763 T^
RISING Ast. CROSLAND 1962 records a Greek sicjil: j\
ROMAN VITRIOL Ale. SOMMERBOFF 1701 o-J /-' -$=$ -j-*.

^Wi
See VITRIOL.
ROOT fllC. GESSHANK 1906 ft

ALBERTUS 1974 f?,
BERTiiELOT 1885 gives a sigil derived from the Greek alcherr.ical
tradition.: Lf°
ROSE COLOUR Ale. GESSMANN 1.906 ^p? }^ l-J
ROSICRUCIAN SCRIPT Occ. One of the numerous sscret cyphers attached to

che Rosiccucian schoel has been recorded by BLftVATSKX 1877 under the
name of The Sovereign Princes 'Rose Cross' cypher:
215
a b c (1 V f
g h I
J k l in n
|
* u a a *
u.= ^^ _L r- p=" /V
11 c M -i
p P z *r u
o ]) (I
r s u \v x V I
ROSY CROSS Occr, WIRTH 1927 gives the sigil Q^ as the union of the
Rose and the Cross, the prime sioil of the Rosicrucian stream, 'the
great mystery of occult generation'.
See also CROSS and HERMETIC TETRAD
ROYAL ARCH CYPHER Occ . A secret script, which exists in several

variant forms, constructed around the disposition of the Roman
alphabet within the spaces of a basic figure:
AB ' CD EF
In the example script below, discussed by
GH \ JL UN X
3LAVATSKY 1877, the alphabet has been placed
OP J
QR .ST
within the basic figure in concurrent adjacent
pairs, though there are other niethods of allocating the letters to
determine different variations as letter equivalents. The script
is called The Roya) Arch:
a b G > < <
W
1 *
o [)
(i
II X \" L
See SECRET SCRIPTS
RU Gcc- Sigil derived by MASSEY. 18B3 from the Egyptian hieroglyph,

and said to be 'the mouth or uterus of birth': O
BLAVATSKY 188B gives this sigil and a variant O for 'floor,
(/ate, mouth, place of outlet' and 'Che place of birth' at which the
sun rises, or is reborn. both occultists see the Pu as the top circle
216
ROIa-KUN
of the ANKH and thus relatec to the basic stgiL for CBR1ST.
DLAVATSKY IflflB says that it is 'the feminine type of the birth-place.,
representing the North', and sees it continued in the Cypriote RQ
and the Coptic Roi
See also TIME.
RUBEUS Geo- One of the sixteen goomantic sigils: **» A multitude

af variants (stars-, dots, floral devices, etc.} is used to denote the
same four-fold arrangement. AGK1PPA 1531 links the sigil with the
element of Fire, the pi arret Mars and the zodiacal sign Gemini. The
sigils are also sometimes used co symbolise the planeL Mars, as for
example in TRiTHEMIUS 1503-
AGRIPPA 1531 5 6 Q A ^
'-:IJ1:!V Maq. SIGN A 17C
RUNES Oec. The Nordic runes consist of u qroup of loosely connected

alphabets which were probably designed for magical purposes (the word
perhaps being derived from the Gothic runa, 'secret 1
, and cognate with
New High German raunen, 'to whisper 1

) , one or two of which have been
used in occult texts, and collected by occultists as examples of secret

alphabets. An example from the 12th century is given in
OCCULTA 12C, in the form of two separate alphabets:
1 1
+
'
i 1 1
p 5 H J rX H 1
4> h t* r\
a 1) c
^_^^^
. <1 e f ,S hi j k 1 in n
* H 1 \ H N 1 k h f N i
I! R f n f V M
<) r s u V \v X Y /. /, e
p <i
1
-|1 1— —1 1
[
^ hl^ K -
fl n| |? T _mj
Lu U5J
2L7
The letters for which there is no European

equivalent are set out alongside , to the * r P f\
right, JENSEN 1970 makes a careful Study
of the runes , from which he selects
*
variant forms, of which the Coawx>n German
Runes, set out below, are a good example: the two variant forms may
be compared instructively with the lower group of 9th and loth century
Danish runes, also given by JENSEN 1970
hik
t H n N <> A
f
i\ i) c (I (.' r *-> h 1
J k 1 in u
P * M M rX H \
(2 < h n K
£ K R * t A F> r t>
()
i> q n V W X y z /> ng
1
1
rU
1
D
1
* w h P * p
W I t
5 f
r s u V \v X / a n
I> <I
i
y 9
1
-_j 1 I
i
j
-
M
The runes have names which are acrophonic, and the following have
betm culled, with a small degree of necessary adjustment, from the
218
?
RUK-RUS
list given by JENSEN 1970 - a list * hich has much rigr«iiEiorit with
that list given alongside the runes reproduced in the twelfth century
version In OCCULTA 12C:
f FFVH belongings B BEORC birch
n or drizzle M E0fl
(j (TH)ORN $ r*K3 (name of a god)
p OS god n MA A! man
RAD ride, wagon !-• GAtfU water
R
h day
CSS H DftEG
X GYFV gift F(TH)EL property

ft
P WYNN pleasure AC
H
^ ItngGL hail {storm) 1* AESK
-|- W?D distress El
YR
1 ss ice ft EAR
<j> VER yoar * TOR
«"* Wk'ORD bait

J *F
^ PEQnb horse (?) A CALC
swat
vp £or.x elk M
V] SiGt'L sun GAR
X
^ rrR tree
As a final sample of the runic alphabet, we may give the Anglo Saxon
Runes in a series given by JENSEN l970:
a 1 ) c <i f 1 k m . n
+ B h D /I V £ * r h tb
* H
J
q R '1
/
\ h h y L
a
o p 11 V \v X / /I
q r s l
—r=
But see also SECRtfr SCRIPTS. ()
r Cl
RUST Ale. GE5SKANN 1906 TSI} H-
See also IRON RUST.
219
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT? HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
liACHIliL H&gm Sigils given by BARRETT 1801 , derived from those given
by TRITHEMIUS 1503 for the spirit Zachari&l: _^ 1£ 'f
~1 U
SCHEIBLE 1848 S$ I ~
JTr J5- ^"d^
SACRED Qcc. DERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical
tradition ; cT'
SACRIFICE Qcc, A common sigil for the zodiacal sign Libra is given by
SUCKER 1975 in his highly personal graphic symbolism, as representative
of the J
sacrifice of Divine cosmic forces'; The same source
gives as a parallel to this the sigil: ~^B~~ Within the cosmo-
conccption of SUCKER 1975 the cosmic Sacrifice is a necessary
continuation to r
provid& d fundamental impulse of evolution* , and he
gives as sigil for this the forms for CREATION T" combined with
those for sacrifice, in two new and personal sigils y the
latter of which is the ancient ANKJJ.
SAFFRON See CROCUS
SAFFRON FLOWER A?c. POISSON 1891 gives for safran de Venus tJie sigils
©—c >
GESSMANN 190€ 4> 4" ~~P
uf 5 ^ SCHNEIDER 1962 ©
See also CROCUS and CROCUS VENERIS
2 2'J
^ }
SAC- SAL
SAGITTARIUS Ast, Zodiacal sign tor the 'Archer', the printed sigil for
which Is derived from the common mediaeval form, as for exanple in
Scar 15C, given in UYGINUS 1482: T AGRIPPA 1510 says that the
nigil is based or. the shape of an arrow, though the division between
the arrow end and the material cross is more significant of the dual
nature of the sign: ;(
Anaient Egyptian* BERLIN 42AD y\ TOBAKT 2C ^~ ^~—

SPTEGELBERG 1911 ^
Gra&co-Byzantino: NEUGEBAUER 1959 *
Mediaeval: DIGBY 12C Tfii" ASTRONOMICAL 1400 ^?Y
CONJURATION 14C +- JANUA 14C î
LEUPOLDI 14C III <> MANSIONIBUS 14G2 —H+
FIRHICUE 1499 ^ ASTROLOGICAL 15C
BONATTI 15C ^( QUADRANTIS 15C r&
RAWLTNSON 15C -ft^ SCOT I5C ?^/s
SCKYNAGET, 1500 y
LAMBECIUS 1500 r-)
^
AGRIPPA 1510 -
U i
'
^[f GAURICUS 1539 -^
ALCHEMICAL 1555 ^1 DARIOT 1557 ^'
THUSNEYSSER 1570 PORTA 1593 •$(-
*r
BLUNDEVTLLE 1594 KERMETIS L6C
TRITHEMIUS 650 'X
1
J
l rU +
VTLLSFRANCHE 1661 BELCT 1667
COLEY 17C X* FOOTE 17C
MAGICI 17C J£_ GEHE1ME 1795 ^
SIDLY 1798 _J_
CARRICHTERUS 18C (JO
PYTHAGORAS 1 8C -^ GESSMANN 1906 £p
HOMER" ASTROLOGY 1906 <0 LUEDY 1928 nj
i1
NEROMAN 1937 ^7 NEUGEBAUEK 1959 >>
MANS10NES 14C gives the sigil for the constcllatioT/
Sagittarius, whilst LEUPOLDI 14C gives the form »- * -ind AGRTPPA 1510
15 lO
r~n
See also ADNACHIEL and SPIRIT OF AQUARIUS
SAL Mc. In general, see SALT and the following five entries. SCHEWEHS
/."i
1775 gives Lhe following specialist alchemical list:

Sal medius terrestris cum acido -^4*
S«fl msditis terrestris cum alcaii *
^ {7)
sal medius ntetall&GUS cum acido 'Vvf
Sal ian(lius metallicus cum alcaif ">^T ©

Sal sedativus £p
SAL ALKALI Ale. VALENTINE 1671 £} *ff
ALCHEMICAL 17C ~^T £ ^ ^"^C SH3LT0N 170 ©

T "^
mmA ArtHTAI^^^S^^^
S1GNA 17C
C ^9
IT ^
4^ e-^ <f* "Ô
i7oi
R
*?
64 LA C3
,
fl fV
DIDEROT 17£3 q Q POISSON
CARPONELLI 1925 *
1891 8
©-&
LJEDY 19 28 ©V \
SCHNEIDER 1962 3K V 'P "H^ H A

See AT.KALl and POTASH
SAL ALKALI FIXUM See LIXIVTL'M
SAL AMMONIAC Ale THESAURUS 14C -£J£-
WORLIEGE l6SlX âj^ @ ALCHEMY 1650 +K 9£ ^^

CKOLLIUS 1670 *£ VALENTINE 1671
-^J
SHELTON 17C 1JC.
SIGNA 17C -$$- -I7?
SOMMERHOFF 1701 © 3f J^ >K XC >K ^ 1 C *~~^ >K
SCHEFFERS 1775 0"3C

CESSMANK 1906 ^fC ££6 Q)^f 0^)[(T {")
CAR30NELL1 1925 CO
SCHNEIDER 1962 ,-cfef
SAL GUMMA Ale. ALCHYX1A 1563 8 ^) 9

ALCEEMY 1650 ^^ CH £l WORLIDGE 1651 & O
FRESNE 1688 <J ALCHEMICAL 17C -&— ^H- <J W
SHELTON 17C
222
SAL- SAL
SOMKERHOFF 1701 OjJ D3 6 «=§» D+- £* ^c, ^ ^ &^ ^
LUEDY 1928 ^_ SCHNEIDER 1962 £\ Cj- _S_ ~£(
SAL HARINUM See SEA SALT
SALNI7ER Occ. Sigil given by BOBHMEN 1635 to represent the salnitcr

of his occult system: 2±^ T,IG upper cross is the 'kingdom of
glory', arising out of the fire cf Che ETERNAL DARK, which combines
with the salniter to give the ETERNAL LIGHT.
SAL SEDAT1VUS Ale. SCEEFFERS 1775
SALSI73R Ale. SIGNA 17C (<£> /s S>
SALT Ale. A large number of sigils have been preserved for common
salt, though confusion reigns because these are frequently used for
specific mineral salts. a sigil given by beatus 1613 is for alchemic
salt: L3 but within the same text is a diagram presenting a cube as
a symbol of the body in Lho trinity of Spirit, Soul and Body. Salt
in its alchemical sense is therefore much more than our ordinary common
salt: in the fcria philosophoru/n, salt is commonly give:: the sigil
as for example in GE11EIME 1783.
said to represent alchemical salt because it shows Fire and Water
In WELLING 1735 the sigil @ is
working as one. The following sigils, however, are given in

alchemical texts, and probably are intended to refer to common salt.
WQRLIDGE 1651 CD & G *? ^ &
ALCHEMY 1650 % -®- r/" Z 3p ' ' " 3 3^) tf^ F ?
VALLNTINE 1671 ©— ©— I 'X!j
ALCHEMICAL 17C /|-i. f\^ [j* TT ^ <^>^

SHELTON 17C +$-< ^ f^ cfc © ~^~ _E_ Â. C7r+ ^f P
SIGNA 17C ^ Q— <£ IS ^=r
SQMMERHOFF 1701 £\ <§ "? ) lS -$>- Oj^ ^ *-$-+ *^. ~E3 L7ZH-
X $ "5S ^ © i d j^^ B 7 ¥ &

2_.-(
P
DIDEROT 1763 J^ £ ©— <>-<J ^ GEHEIME 17B5 §

LUSDY 19 2 B $
BERTHELOT IB85 records a slgil from the Greek alchemical tradition: ^S
See also MINERAL SALT, OCCULT SALT and SEA SALT
SAL TARTARI Ale . W0RL1DGE 1651 T^T

ALCHEMY 1650 ^ DC
DIDEROT 1763
ALDEHTUS 1974
BCHNEIDEB 1962 gives the sigils gj '"@_, ^) Cfc^ Q ôr Sal Tartar
fixum which are identical to those given for Sal Tartar! cy SOMMERFiOFF
1701.
Ale. r
SALT OF DEATH'S HEAD GiiSSMANN 1906 \J :
SALT OF IRON Ale. SKELETON 17C £3
SALT OF KALI Ale. CROLLIUS 1670 /S ^T?
SALT OF LEAD Ale. SDMMERHOFF 1701 2L~k £J3.
DIDEROT 1763
SALTPETRE Ale. OKOMASTICUM 1574 (£)
ALCHEMY 1650 <|) °0° Cr3br? TQ?

ALCHEK1CAL 17C CD Iô ° P V* ~X~~^>
]
jj -vs ' ^ r ^ i
IELTON
Sill 17C
^f "Wl >-> B 2-o X Y]
SOMMERHOFF 1701 9^ ^ A\
LL-1 -fi>- Etf3
^f^ "NN £A. °-J £gg
diderot 1763 Cp) ~5~
GESSMANK L906 <£ J £ ^ ^ > * 'A> '
P "g^^f^^^
SCHNEIDER 1962 _-^j <3> » —
SALT WATER Ale. GESSMANK 1906 T^
See SEA SALT
224
SAL- E AH
SAL URTNAE Ale, SOMMERHOFF 1701 ^- <B O D G3
5AMAEL Aiag. Mediaeval sigil for the spirit, sometimes said to be the
planetary angel of Mars, and according to TRITHEMlUS 1522 the
Secundad&ian of Mars, for which TR1THEMIUS 1503 gives the gigillic
form: t^-rVy^
BARRETT 180I gives a similar form for his CAMAEL^.
SCHEIBLE 1848 gives two sigils: "L^^^
SHEPHERD 1971 records the common form for MARS:
See also SPHERE OF MARS
SAKARTTAN SCRIPT 0cc. A group of loosely related scripts used as

secret alphabets and almost certainly derived from the historic
Semitic Samaritan book script. BARTOLOZZI 1675 records one such
alphabet which is reproduced here alongside the equivalent forms from
the historic Samaritan given (for non-occult purposes) by JENSEN 1970:
rv 3 H $ v» yj ei °% \</ mx i, m \p
* n 1 n v '-
^ E m. >
•k V a tn •9 *3 - N
m a s 7 "V © n
SHZ^zJE^
A related alphabet recorded by POSTEL 1538 makes an interesting
comparison with these, for many of the letter forms are the same
(below). A 'Samaritan* script more obviously developed for the
N 1 % i n 1 ' n U J n V •a j
^
1
K/ 0, ~\ ^ % *|£ G rK 3 i i h
V J nr 2* °) iJ NJ
Dys:fii?"\©n
225
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT , HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
secret script tradition is that given (below) by VIGNERE 15B6,

which, whilst to some extent still related to the historic forms, is
imaginative and more in line with the letter-forms of the popular
HEBRAIC SCRIPT used in secret cypher:
K 1 ^ X 1
1
n
h
i
<1H
n v
m)
3 > a j
4 I5 r
1
a ; "f»*>
13 h: s V U> n
SAHEK Occ. The 15th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
secret alphabets, notably chose culled by BASTOLOZUI 1675; ^J ^^t^
H^f° ^j^ °^/r° WIRTH 1927 equates Samek With the DEVIL ARCANUM of
~^4.
the Tarot pack, and in the letter-forms which he traces as the

development for Samck -£- Z 7 A \j \1 he claims a vestigial
pictorial form of a 'pot' or 'container'. It is certainly more
significant, however, that the letter-form might be traced back to the
Egyptian hieroglyphic with the pictorial value for 'fish' - see JENSEN
1970.
SAND Ale. WORLIDGE 16C ,°* SOMMERHOFF 1701 ttSJSb. ill

f Dfflf
* o.
SCHNEIDER 1962 f*<ff
SANDARAC Ale. BERTH-CLOT 10G5 gives a number of sicji.ls derived from
the Greek alchemical tradition: A £j$ /\\ ~*£*~~ *p
SAND CUPEL Ale. GESSMANN 1906 7^ .R î X

SANGUINE See AIR and TEMPERAMENTS
JAP Ale. BERTHELOT 1865 records a sigil fron Greek alchemical texts
which refers specifically to the 'juice of plants 1
:
^
22f>
SAM- SAT
SAPPHIRE Mag. SIGNA 17C <^=
SAVIOUR Occ. Sigil given in SCHEIBLE 1848, probably as an alternative

Cor the Salvator, CHRIST:
SATURN Ast. Modern sigil derived ultimately from the Graeco-Byzantine

tradition, as preserved Cor example in BERTHELCT 1885 (below) , through
the mediaeval, as for example in SCOT 15C / to the printed form
in HYGINUS 1482; y
AGRIPPA 1531 traces its form to the scythe, but this graphic etymology
is suspect, as the various early forms of the sigil indicate. LEO
1914 says of the sigil •£ that it was originally 'the: cross over the
semi-circle' and is 'the symbol o£ the soul bound by the form'.
Ancient Egyptian: BERLIN 42AD
Graeco-Bijzantinc : OMONT 1894 '^ BERTIIELOT 18B5 h
NEUGSBAUER 1959 hf
Mediaeval: ALCHYMICAL 14C %# CONJURATION 14C *\\ J[ ^J)
THESAURUS 14C J RAGOR 1474 C-f J\ T\
SCHEMA 15C rC D'AILLY 1490 -Ô
BERNARD 15C £| BONATTI 15C Y\ PO "V
CAMPANUS 15C J^ CANONES 15C ^
DOHORUH 15C ^)=C LIBELLL'S 15C J^4
SCOT 15C >-0 ^ T7 ^ SIGNIFICATIONES 15C *TT*
TRACTAT ULUS 15 CO (T SCHYNAGEL 1500 ~~^
AGRIPPA 1510 y\ **& IS FIRMICUS 1510-^ *&f
ALCHYMIA 1563
-J"
^ #" "% DARIOT 1557 ^
TAISNIER 1559 "ff BLUNDEVILLE 1594 <^~\
BLUNDEVILLE 1602 ~^y HOROSCOPE 1614 ~P|
LILLY 1647 Tp HEYDON 1650 1^

KIRCHER 1655 ^j) MONTE-SNYDERS 1663 *%
TABLE 1676 E 7c y±
SHELTON 17C ^ ~% ~9~~ **~ ^ <f
'
"T" WELLING 1735
GEHEIME 1785 £ PYTHAGORAS 18C T)
STRAGGLING 1824 ft ZADKIEL 1835
5
227
. . +
DICTIONARY OP OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
LUEDY 1928 <^0 1ZL. RUDHYAR 1970 7% T^

CAPPELLI 1949 gives a mediaeval short 'form: p
CARBONELL1 1925 records a mediaeval sigil: 2f)
LUEDY 1928 records a sigil from the Syrian astrological tradition ;C_5T
Since the alchemical term LEAD is synonymous with Saturn, any of the
sigils recorded under this name may be used to denote the planet*
See also CARCER, SPHERE and SPIRIT OP SATURN
SCHET11ALIM Mag* Sigil and name given by HEYDON 1664 to represent the
letter S in secret writing called 'Alphabet of Angels and Genii 1
:
In spite of the plural form, the name is intended to apply to one

spirit/ and may in fact be confused with Shetel
SCHIN Occ. The 21st letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivatives and alternative forms are given within the
tradition of secret alphabets, notably those collected by BARTOLOZZI
1675=^^0^^ V^*/^ £&%> S^) \£ WIRTH 1927 equates Schin
with the WORLD ARCANUM of the Tarot pack, and records the forms
by which the letter developed in the sequence Vs/ \^ \\) ^f the origin
of which he sees in the idea of 'tooth* , though it is more likely that
the letter was derived from the Egyptian hieroglyph with the pictorial
value of 'wood 1
or 'twig' - see JENSEN 1970.
SCORPIO Ast* Sigil for the zodiacal sign of the 'Scorpion'* The
printed version is derived ultimately from the mediaeval tradition,
as for example in SCOT 15C TTL but this form may have been taken
from the Graeco-Byzantine tradition (see NEUGEBAUER 1959 below)
The modern manuscript form frequently differs from printed forms, as
in FOOTE 17C: TTV1
AGRIPPA 1531 tells us that the sigil was based on the shape of the
Scorpion's sting, though both the Egyptian demotic forms, and the
occult tradition (see for example BLAVATSKY 1B88) would suggest a
derivative from a pictograph of a serpent.

Ancient Egyptian: STOBART 2C %Ar SPIEGELBERG 1911 J\f JV
Graeco-Byzajitiner NEUGEBAUER 1959 rr^ <*tf^ JTV xZf~
Mediaeval: DIGBY 12C or
^
GRAMMATICA 13C ^ \
228
5CH-SEA
ALChYMICAL 14C >Y)/* ASTRONOMICAL 14CKJ 1*-

CONJURATION 14C TO JANUA 14C "VV*
LEUPOLDI 14C C J HRNSIONIBUS 1482 Of*CI
ASTROLOGICAL 15C y° BONATTI 15C y<W

QUADRANTIS 15C QcS* TABLES ISC
LAMBECIUS 15CO j^ SCHYNAGEL 1500 YTj

AGRIPPA 1510 /Tl TQ, Tty GAURICUS L539 ^°^
DARIOT 1557 /*
S
C2^ BLUNDEVILLE 1594 0~X>
MARY 16C OTC SMITH 16C >nrQy>
r
HEYDON 1650 TO jj BIBNER 1651 00»\

COLEY 17C Tf^ FOCfTE 17C TY^T
LUCCA 17C CXX, c^C MAGICI 17C Y
lA >
1T]_
welling 1735 fry MAGIE 18C ~>YVL-
PYTHAGORAS 1BC 'Vf^XjA SIBLY 1790 TT^
STRAGGLING 1824 S^-A RAPHAEL 1903 TQ^
WIRTH 1927 Q~i^ NEROMAN 1937. ^/^---^
PERRY 1971 TY^

LUEDY 1928 records a slgil from the Syrian astrological tradition:
LEUPOLDI 14C gives the sigil o- « aCT' for the constellation Scorpio,
while AGRIPPA 1510 records the variant form:
See also SPIRIT OF SCORPIO
SCRUPTJLUS Ale. A measure of 20 grains.

VALENTINE 1671 -7) SIGNA 17C ^-1
GESSMANN 1906 ^ 7T hC 1
CAPPELLI 1949 records mediaeval sigils tor five scmpuli: and

J>(
for ftaif scmpulus: d for which GESSMANN 1906 records: ^- 7/3 ^J^
SEA Occ. BERTHELOT 1885 records two sigils from Greek alchemical
texts, one of which refers to ordinary sea ~~^ ,
the other
referring to the idea of an (unspecified) 'sacred sea': ^^Jt
SEAL See LUTAT10N and PLANETARY SYMBOLS.
229
SEAL OF SOLOMON Occ- One of the most common devices of occult

symbolism* for which a wide number of different explanatory accounts
has been given. A form is recorded in SCHRIRE 1966: W
An exoteric explanation for this form is related to the theory of the
four elements and the corresponding fifth element (quintessence) which
according to the esoteric tradition underlie the sensible world of
appearance: thus the four 'visible' elements commingle around the
invisible 'centre 1
of the fifth clement:
Ascending elements FIRE /\

AIR z^s
COMBINE;
Descending elements WATER \/
EARTH 5^
However, see also SENARY, and the remarks on the derived sigil °»*
and its esoteric connexion with the Chain of Being, which relates to
the ancient order of the planetary spheres, in the introduction to
this DICTIONARY. See also HEXAGON.
SEALS OF PLANETS Occ- A large number of sigils traditionally called

seals have been preserved/ though under a wide variety of names - see
for example the forms given under MYSTERIOUS SIGILS and PLANETARY
SYMBOLS. The following variants are derived from the mediaeval
tradition, as recorded by AGRIPPA 1531/ but it is to be noted that
they are sometimes confused with the Intelligencies and Planetary
Spirits given in the same source and in derivatives*
Jupiter;
Wnu*:
230
, .
SEA- SEC
SEASALT Ale* SOKMERHOPF 1701 or

GESSMANN 1906 ^C^J>
But see also SALT WATER
SEAWATER Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical
tradition i^££ which has nothing to do with the astrological sigil
for AQUARIUS.
SECRET SCRIPTS Occ. An enormous number of secret alphabets have been

recorded In the occult and hermetic tradition, very many of them of a
somewhat dubious value, but a few of them used in the occult literature
and in various artforms. Some of these alphabets are merely
bowdlerised versions of genuine historic alphabets (see for example
SAMARITAN SCRIPT} The fifty or so scripts recorded in this
Dictionary have all been collected from occult texts (with the
exception of most of the scripts in RUNES) / and a great many of them
have been derived from cabbalistic and Hebraic sources (see HEBRAIC
SCRIPT) The most well known of the Hebraic alphabets are those
recorded by AGR1PPA 1531 , the so-called TRANS1TUS FLUVII, the MALACHIM
and the CELESTIAL SCRIPT. The following three are (1) the TRANSITUS
FLUVIi script, given by WINKLER 1930, (2) a manuscript variant of
the THEBAN SCRIPT, from ALCHEMICAL 1579* and (3) from BARTOLOZZI 1675:
K "1
J 1 T n V
& j 1 n n 7^7
2 J X '
A • '
-c * 'I
^^^~ 1
'
^~^~
D V •s ~\ m n
•
a i) c (1 e, f h 1
i
k i in n
L
a, v^ n y, W vtf \ If °\ X % vy,
o
n. ^ \N\ % "fr -*
u
_ ^
v w x
n
y z
p q r s l
231
:
X HI m
H YHJ°$m#V^ n V
n
Many non-llebraic secret scripts - some of them entirely personal and

fanciful - have been preserved, a few of thero in manuscripts relating
to the occult field, as for example the following from HAG1C1 17C, in
which the nature of the writing pen is itself used as the stylistic
base for the script:
a I) c d e f g h i i k 1 m 11
5 H w n A
f \ c*
o p q r s t u W X V
LAMBECIUS 1500 preserves a page of manuscript aiphabets relating to

the secret or cryptographic tradition, one of which is clearly derived
ABrAEZH©
from the Greek alphabets
I KAMN^l
/> £> L A CO z \ 1 1
V Y L) _n *w\
-TV
* C _L A -6-
* + U
o rr T 4> -V J~L
and another which may give the appearance of being Greek-derived, but
which in fact contains sigiis from various sources and historic
alphabets
Lb A * A V s- / 7Z. 7\ X Co uo
L. 1 jr Z- -e- 3 ~]
7 £ £
232
SECRET SCRIPTS
In addition to the fact that the alphabet just recorded is probably

derived from different sources, it may well be that it is set out in a
sequence which does not reflect the standard alphabetic order in either
Greek or Roman, for an adjacent alphabet in the same manuscript
(LAMBECIUS 1500) is obviously intended to transpose letters in the
standard cryptographic manner;
^ 1 < ^-tx /^ o F 0~ "T V <£ ;* + co-H3££/?r6<<

Thus, reading in reverse order one obtains alpha oC back to eta VI
and then omega &J backwards to thcta 9~ This example reveals

something of the difficulty attendant upon the reading of such scripts,
and even in the collating of the individual letter- forms,
BERTHELOT 1BB5 records two alphabets which are called the Hellenic and
Gr#f*k Astrologic* These are representative of the types, designed
for the Greek alphabet but/ as tradition shows, adaptable to any other
alphabet: the second is properly termed astrologic because it
incorporates several siglls from the Greek horoscopic art - for example,
the first sigil is the common form for the 'sun 1 -
^Wl & £ / - j* > 4> # E oO $

$ <-** ^ t j ^ ft x* ,
CO
X
|
JsA tr 1r J • < < "IT h J

v~ "V /> y t T fe H *O
Three further alphabets, all culled from SELENUS 1624, will indicate
something of the variety of these cyphers: each of them is taken (in
the sequence over) from the occultist writings of della Porta,
Trithemius and Maurus;
2i3
— .
a b c (1 e f « h i
k 1 in 11
e 1 £ X A V * _a J X
b 3 A ct- U /K r U
o p q r s ll W X V Z
a i) c b (^ *. T ?
o p (1 11 v \v x y z
a , b. G (1 e f « ll i
J
k 1 ni ii
1
b © o G e G
CD <ry o <3 A J
l r 1 D s m E E
o p q s I u V w V £
Each of the preceding eleven alphabets has been given mainly as

representative of the types of secret scripts - the Hebraic* the
Greek and Roman, the personal and the random cyphers (sometimes based
on a single alphabet with a volvelle to provide a number of potential
alphabets equal to the number of letters Ln a particular sequence)
The main 'traditional' scripts - open secrets, so to speak - recorded
within this Dictionary are listed as follows: ADAMIC SCRIPT,
ALCHEMIST SCRIPT, APOLLONIAN SCRIPT, BABYLONIAN SCRIPT, CANANEAN
SCRIPT, CELESTIAL SCRIPT, CHALDEAN SCRIPT, ETRUSCAN SCRIPT, HEBRAIC
SCRIPT, INQUISITORIAL SCRIPT, MALACHIM SCRIPT, NOACHITE SCRIPT,
ROSICRUCIAN SCRIPT, ROYAL ARCH CYPHER, RUNES, SAMARITAN SCRIPT,
SOLOMONIAN SCRIPT, SUPERCELESTIAL SCRIPT, TEMPLAR SCRIPT, THEBAN
SCRIPT and TRANSITUS PLUVII.
SECRET WISDOM Occ, A sigil given in HERMES 1613 is called the
2d4
SEC- SEN
Quadrangle of the secret wisdom i»g given as one or a series or

graphic structures related to occult ideas. The sigil has a multi-
layer significance, but is virtually illustrative of the text
attributed to Aristotle by the alchemists: Divide the alchemical
stone into the four elements , rectify these, then conjoin them as one:
in the whole you will have the Magisterium.
SECUNDADE1S See PLANETARY SPIRITS
SEI.ENITE Ale- BERTHELOT 1885 records two sigils from the Greek
alchemical tradition: (± <p£
SEM1-SEXTILE Ast. Moat of the sigils for this aspect of 30 degrees are
truncated forms of the SEXTILE.
PEARCE 1879 5>£ S1MHONITE 1890 Sx
DE GIVRY 1931 = DE VORE 1947 ^L
HADES 1967 y
SEMI-SQUARE Ast, This aspect of 45 degrees is sometimes called the

semi-quartilo, and all the most commonly used sigils are derived from
that used for the SQUARE*
ZADKIEL 1849 *0- PEARCE 1B79 5Q
SIHMDNITE 1890 $ Q DE GIVRY 1931 <^
DE VORE 1947 ) HONE 1951 l_
SENARY Qcc+ Sigil given by BLAVATSKY 188B -yC intended to show the
commingling of the three (philosophical) fires with the three

(philosophical) waters* 'whence results the procreation of the elements
of all things'. BLAVATSKY 18B8 claims that it is wrongly called the

Seal of Solomon, and adduces argument as to why the sigili with a
central dot, is a decad; Kp£
See SEAL OP SOLOMON.
SENSORY Qcc, A modern sigil given by CIRLOT 1962 as 'sensory.
/.^
anthropomorphic principle': JX This view of the sigil does in

fact find some support in the occult tradition, as for example in
AGRIPPA 1531/ STEINER 1904 and SUCHER 1970.
SEPARATE Ala. The sigil is intended to denote the verbal sense of

the word in ALCHEMICAL 17C: J~F
SEPARATION Ale. MICHAELSPACHER 1616 gives the sigil ^^ next to the

sign or constellation Scorpio, either to symbolise the alchemical
process of Separation, or (less likely) the alchemical Sulphur.
SEPTENARY MAN Occ. Sigil given by BLAVATSKY 18Q8 to represent the

image of the seven principles within man, the assumption being that
the senary is symbol of physical man (the six dimensions of all bodies)
plus the immortal soul, which is symbolised in the seven points of the
sigil: £i The triangle is symbolic of the three 'higher spiritual
beings of man - those human principles still capable of development,
called in thoosophical parlance Atma, Buddhi and Manas* The square
represents those spiritual bodies which have been developed, if not yet
controlled; the 'principle of animal desire 1
the Kama-nipa , the 'vehicle
of life 1
the Lznga-sarira, the pcwcr productive of vital phenomena,
which is the Prana? and the physical body itself, which is built up
from substances formed and moulded over the Linga-sarira by the action
of Prana, BLAVATSKY 1888 develops many parallelisms between the
triad and the quaternary of this sigil, but broadly speaking the triad
represents the cosmic or spiritual element (the upper Sephirothal)
whilst the Quaternary, which emanates from the triad, symbolises the
'fieave:;ly Man 1
, the sexless Adara-Kadmon, who may become a septenate
'by emanating from itself the additional three principles. But see
also HEXAGON,
DEE 1564 makes of the simple cross a septenary from the addition of
three —-j— (two lines and an intersection) and four — — (the four arms .
<
of the cross) , which is clearly intended to link with the occult

septenary of man's spiritual nature, seen either as the combination of
2J6
—
SEP-SET
the body (four elements} with the three spiritual principles of what
would in modern occultism be termed the etheric, astral and ego, or as
the image of man related to the planets in his present state, along
with his future spiritual development- DEE 1564 argues in a special
graphic logic that the cross is at once the numerates:

ONE: —V" The cross alone.
TWO: — -
\
Two lines.
THREE: -4— Two lines plus the point of intersection.
FOUR: — 1
The four arms of the cross.
The addition of 1, 2, 3 and 4 gives 10. The multiplication of the
first triad with the second senary gives 21 (3x7)- this argument is
is
related to the alphabet of the Elizabethan because the cross (X)
the 21sL letter.

See also DEITY
SEPTILE Ast. Sigil for the aspect of 51 degrees, 25 minutes, given by

MEYER 1974: &
SERAPHIM Ast. SUCKER 1975 appears to link the sigil for CAPRICORN Vj
with the Sphere of" the Seraphim, which are traditionally associated
with the spheres beyond that of Saturn, most frequently with the
steilatura, or with the zodiac.
See SPHERE OF SATURN
SESQUIQUADRATE The pure sigils for this aspect of 135 degrees

fist.
are formed from the union of a 'square plus half a square' since the ,
aspect relates to the addition of a pure SQUARE with a SEMI-SQUARE.

ZADK1EL 1B49 "d PEARCE 1879 SSQ
DE GIVRY 1931 ZZn DE VORE 1947 I£j
HADES 1967 Cp "0NE L951 *2
SESQUIQUINTI7.E Ast. STMMONITE iB90 Y

L
SETON See SPHERE
'
'.7
SETTING Ast. CROSLAND 1962 records the Greek sigil n

^^
SEVEN FORMS OP SPIRIT See CLAVIS and SEVEN METALS
SEVEN METALS Ale. GESSMANN 1906 gives a single sigil V 1 (for which
LUEDY 1928 gives the variant JL^ ) , but the seven metals of alchemy
are COPPER (see also VENUS), GOLD (see also SUN), IRON (see also MARS),
LEAD (see also SATURN) , QUICKSILVER (called also MERCURY) , SILVER (see
also MOON) and TIN (see also JUPITER). The most frequently used
forms of the modern sigil. a for these metals (planets) are:
COPPER 5£ GOLD
IRON f-fl LEAD *2
QUICKSILVER £ SILVER (L
TIN 2^_
See also CLAVIS
SRXES See ORIGIN
SRXTAHiUS Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^ £^> >^ E^J J^S

SEXTILE Ast. OMONT 1894 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical
tradition for this astrological aspect of 60 degrees; &
KALENDAR 15C H+- SCALIGER 15C &
SIGILLIS 17C X GESSMANN 1906 }&
DE VORE 1947 7^
SEXUAL ENERGY Occ. A sigil which is in fact a variant form for MARS
is linked in an alchemical figure of the microcosm with the sexual
parts, presumably to signify the earth-bound, or demonic, nature
of
the sexual energies, in VALENTINE 1645: £
In a similar manner, the sigil for the MOON is placed over the
sexual
parts in PLUDD 1617, the purpose being to link the sexual energies
with the sublunar demonic forces: t2
SHEET Ale. a sigil which appears to be used to designate sheet or
238
SLT-SIL
loaf metals, given by GESSMANN 1906: _.T? E^B "E=l
SIDUS FORTUNAE Ast. sigil for the 24th of the mediaeval lunar mansions,
which is called Al s&'d al Su'ud in the Arabian system/ giver, in
MANSIONES 14C: ?
SIDUS PARVUH Ast. The Sidvs Purvum Lucis Magnae, sixth of the
mediaeval lunar mansions, called Al Han' ah in the Arabian system, given
by MANSIONL'S 14C: ^T
SIGIL Occ. CONJURATION 14C Q % But see also CHARACTER.

DIDEROT 1763
^ y^
CiiASSANT 1884 records various mediaeval short -forms for the latin
singular and plural: [i?f*+iU fV S** SC, S' f ri ^

For the sigil Hernteticum see HERMETIC SIGH..
See also PLANETARY SYMBOLS and SEALS OF PLANETS
STLEX Ale. SHELTON 17C gives A whilst SCHEPFERS 1775 records the
sigiJ -^- for Terra Silicea , and SHELTON 17c gives °G° for Silices
usti - but see BURNED PEBBLE and STONE
SILVER A3c. Since within the alchemical tradition the term 'silver' is
synonymous with the astrological MOON, all the sigils for the plan&t
may be used also to signify the metal. SOMMEKHOFF l?OL records several
sigils under Argentum, all of which may he used to denote the many
hermetic names, such as corpus album, £&nt\cntum album, lumen minus,
jVaccr, Diana/ uxor odorjfers and so on: 2) (C D C (££} (s
<
W
The following sigils appear to have bu&n intended specifically for the
metal.
BSRTHELOT 1B85 records sigils from the Graeco-Byzar.tine astrological

tradition; *=* <&
THESAURUS 14C >" ALCHYMXA 1563 D 2£ £ t 9fJ#

WOKL1DGS 1655 :^ T
-, ^ ^ UST Y £ B %->
239
'
SHELTON 17C //0 ^y ^C —5- r~° ALCHEMICAL 17C J?^~~~
DIDEROT 1763 $ DALTON 1808 (5)
GESSMANN 1906 <^> ^ Qv^ ^ ^ LUEDY 1929 ^

SCHNEIDER 1962 Q£> £ ^T SHEPHERD 1971 *^ <^ M^ «j)
SILVER FILINGS Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition: fy*
SILVER LEAP Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition; &ti GESSMANN 1906 £1
SILVER MERCURY Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C

Q
SHELTON 17C ^
SILVER OIL Ale. SHELTON 17C _T^ GESSMANN 1906 T) (
SILVER ORE Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition;
\ %
SILVER PAINT Ale. SOMMERHOFP 1701 gives several siglLs for argentum
masicum or argentum pictorium: ^ yf Q*
GESSMANN 1906 $> £ A ^ "/) .y( ^ j£> tJfcf
SCHNEIDER 1962 gives \^ ^£ for argentuoi musieum
SILVER SOLDER Ale. BERTHELOT 18B5 records a slqil from the Greek
alchemical tradition: (L
SILVER SPIRIT Ale. SHELTON 17C ^

SILVER SPLINT Ale. GESSMANN 1906
See also SILVER FILINGS
SKILLET Ale. A name given to a form of TIGILLUM, for which GESSMANN

1906 records several mediaeval sigils: -^ £ Y ^C fl ^W 4" V IL7
240
—
SIL-SQP
SKULL Ale. DIDEROT 1763 gives the following specifically for 'human
skull': 27" ©
Sometimes CAPUT MORTUUM is confused with skull, though properly this
is the undifferentiated residual powder at the end of an alchemical
process, much as the skull is itself the undifferentiated remnant at
the end of the alchemical process of life.
SKY Oca.. BERTHELOT 1885 records two sigils from Greek alchemical
texts which refer both to the physical sky as well as to the 'Heaven
as home of the Gods, the incorruptible domain in the Aristotelian
sense: -
ft — —n~=
SLOW HEAT Ale. SIGNA 17C J\ ^ /-
SOMMERHOFF 1701 J±^ ^\ J LA 2£—
LUEDY 1928 T SCHNEIDER 1962 .A 2S-
See GRADES OF FIRE
KE Ale. SHELTON 17C $\ )) SIGNA 17C V

SOMMERHOFF 1701 JVJ Q Q^
GESSMANN 19 06
L dvv en
LUEDY .1958 ^_,
BERTHELOT 188b gives a sigil from the Greek alchemical tradition
for smoke pip in addition to one for aetherial smoke wheh may
be related to the etheric phenomena of modern occultism: o~

See CELESTIAL VAPOUR
SOAP Ale. WORL1DGE 165 1 <^> VALENTINE 1671 <J>
DIDEROT 1763
J&
GESSMANN 1906 T
SOAPSTONE Ala. GESSMANN 1906 </ S © g£^ ® ^ <£ <^_ <§ # fe
SODA Ale. DIDEROT 1763 2-LL -Ln? ^^ DALTON 1B08 (JJ)
241
^
DICTIONAKY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
GESSMAWN 19 06 ^/
BERTHELOT 1885 records a few sigiis from the Greek tradition: (£) r^>
$ rsi râ
SOL See SUN
SOLAR Ast. OMONT 1894 records a sigil from the Greek astrological
tradition: ^
But see also SUN.
SOLAR SYSTEM Ast. LEO 1914 gives the sigil Q which is said tc
symbolize 'both the centre and the circumference of the solar system'.
Prom this sigil he derives the form ^7 for light and dark (see
LIGHT)* which is unfortunately like the occult sigil for DEATH, from
the Greek thanatos* But see also DEITY for a sigil derived from the
theosophic tradition within which LEO 1914 worked-
SQL MERCURTI Ale, ALCHEMICAL 17C *

SOLOMONIAN SCRIPT Ale. A number of secret scripts have been preserved
in the occult tradition under this general name, of which the two be lew
are given by V1GNERE 15B6:
3 1 T n V T
6 rA 6
J V V3 n Is X ff
•
X
Dys^7"\UJn '
— *
* 1 n 4 J n u 3
1
> 9 \ 11 T y
X V XX ?a V5 cJ T
L/ y a x 7 -\ ip a
242
SOL- SOU
SOLSTICES Occ- BLAVATSKY 1888 gives the sigil *^_f as representing
the 'cross of the two equinoxes and the two solstices placed within
the figure of the earth's path'.
See also EQUINOX
SOLUTIO Ale. The original connotation of resolving or sotting free or

dissolving appears to have stayed within certain alchemical contexts,
but in a few cases the term is used of the power to release subjects
from tualignant magical influences. The following sigils are, however,
almost certainly restricted to the earier alchemical meaning.
ALCHEMY 1650 ~~E~ ALCHEMICAL 17C W%^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 l-y/W^ P %$ffi
SOLVERE Ale. LUEDY 1928 J~° <0 %'

SCHNEIDER 1962 r-^J> ^V oi"^ ^W
See SOLUTIO.
A sigil recorded by GEHEIME 1738 is intended to designate the first
part of the alchemical process of solve et coagvla: The second
process is accorded the sigil:
SOOT AlG. GESSMANN 19DG Jl "ill] *%* 2&
SORATH Ceo. Sigil supposed by HEYDON 1664 to be that for the

'geomantic spirit 1
, the ruler of FOPTUNA MINOR and FORTUNA MAJOR/ but
in fact a poor (reversed) copy of that given by AGRIPPA 1531 as ruling
spirit of the Sun: r^
SORCERY See KALI YUGA.
SOUL Occ* LEO 1914 follows the hermetic tradition and links the sigil
for the Moon X* with the soul/ as syobol of 'that which is neither
wholly spiritual nor wholly material, but partakes of th& nature of
both, and is the connecting link between the spirit and the physical
:::":
body'. HONE 1951 follows in the same theosophic tradition, and

gives the sigils K^/ J relating to the astrological context.
Sometimes the use of a sigil suggests that the denotation is in fact
confused with the word SPIRIT, as for example in AUREUS 1613* who qives
the form ê for sulphur or soul.
Within a strictly religious context, CHASSANT 1884 gives a short-form
for the Latin anima, of mediaeval derivation: 9
See also ANIMALIA and SPIRIT-SOUL.
SPANISH WINE Ale. DIDEROT 1763 ^ <£
SPHERE Oca. A mediaeval short-form is recorded by CHASSANT 1884 for

the Latin sphera, which doos not refer to the body of the planet but
to the spiritual area within its orbit: rp**
BERTliELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek astrological tradition,

intended to refer to the celestial spheres in general: Q7 *
As the entries under specific planets below indicate, it was usual

for astrologers to use the sigils which we would now designate to the
planetary bodies themselves to denote the spheres- However, ISIDORUS
12C gives the following forms which, since they stand outside the
familiar planetary sigillic tradition, may be taken as symbolising the
spher&s which were in later cosmoloqies confused with the planets;
LU?:a (HOOS) O
MERCURIUS
LUCIFER ('MORNTNG STAR' VENUS) ~^fF~ VESPER ('EVENING STAR') ^f^
SOL (SUN) O
SETON (JUPITER) -=(£=-
SATURNUS <iz&3>
CROSLAND 1962 records a general form, said to be mediaeval: (+)
SPHERE OF JUPITER Ast. In the mediaeval astrological system, this

sphere is associated with the Dominions or KyriotetBs, United with
the idea of Virtue or Justice - but see the entry on SPHERE, above.
Wbrking from the mediaeval forms, BRAHE 15B2 gives the planetary
244
.
SPA-SPB
sigil A but dn y of the forms for JUPITER could theoretically be

used to denote the sphere, as could the sigils for the INTELLIGENCIES
who move the spheres, or the named ruler ZACHAR1EL. But see also
SPIRIT OF JUPITER.
SPHERE OP MARS Ast* In the mediaeval astrological systems, this

sphere is associated with the Virtuos or Virtutes, the Dynamis of the
Dionysian system. BRAHE 1582 gives a standard planetary sigil for
the sphere -5? but any of the forms for MARS could be used in theory
to denote Che sphere, as could the sigils for the INTELLIGENCIES who
move the spheres, or the named ruler SAMAEL. But see also SPIRIT OP
WARS.
SPHERE OF MERCURY Ast+ In the mediaeval astrological system, this

sphere is associated with the Archangels, the tutelary spirits of
Nations. BRAHE 1582 gives the standard planetary sigil V ^ u ^ an V
of the forms for MERCURY could theoretically be used to denote the

sphere, as could the sigils for the INTELLIGENCIES who move the sphere,
or the named rulers RAPHAEL, OPHIEL or Zadkiel. But sec also SPIRIT
OP MERCURY
SPHERE OF THE MOON Ast . In the mediaeval astrological system, this sphere
is associated with the angels, the guardian spirits of individual human
beings (though the word ANGEL is frequently used in a generic sense for
all the different Orders of spiritual beings) . BRAHE 1582 gives the
standard lunar sigil (L but any of the forms for the MUON could in
theory be used to denote the sphere, as could the sigils for the
INTELLIGENCIES who move the spheres, or the named ruler GABRIEL. In
modern western occultism this sphere Is called karmaloca, in esoteric

Christianity, Purgatory. See also SPIRIT OF THE MOON.
SPHERE OF SATURN Ast. In the mediaeval astrological system, this sphere

is associated with the Thrones, the spiritual beings who mark the end of
time. BRAHE 1582 gives the standard planetary sigil ~5 but any of
245
A §
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICSLS
the forms for SATURN could theoretically be used to denote the sphere,
as could the sigils for the INTELLIGENCIES who move the spheres, or the
named rulers CASSIEL or ORIPHIEL, 3ut see also SPIRIT OF SATURN.
SPHERE OF THE SUN Ast . In the mediaeval astrological system, this

sphere is associated with the Powers or ExusSaJ , whose virtue is that
of Prudence. BRAHE 1582 gives the standard modern solar sigil © but
any of the forms used fox SUN could theoretically be used, as could
the sigils used for the INTELLIGENCIES who move the spheres, or the
named ruler MICHAEL* But see also SPIRIT OF THE SUN.
SPHERE OP VENUS Ast. In the mediaeval astrological systems, this

sphere is associated with the Archai, those spiritual beings who rule
over the Ages, and sometimes (as in the celestial system outlined by
Dante) with the Principalities* BRAHE 1582 gives the standard
planetary sigil O but any of the forms for VENUS could theoretically
be used, as could the sigils for the INTELLIGENCIES who move the
spheres, or the named ruler ANAEL. But see also the two different
sigils given under SPHERE, and see also SPIRIT OF VENUS,
SPICA Ast. a late-mediaeval sigil for the binary alpha Virginis is

given by AGRIPPA 15lO, which is in fact a variant on the sigil given
for the identical fixed star under the name ACHIMER: —*> For a
J r
study of the graphic nature of this later sigil, see MERCURY 1978.
The fourteenth of the mediaeval lunar mansions is sometimes also
called Spica, being the Al Sitn&k of the Arabian astrological system,
for which a sigil is given in MANSIONES 14C: • O* 1
SPIRIT Qcc. WORLIDGE 1651 —J*— 5j> -©- CROLLIUS 1612 £j

VALENTINE 1671 S4" ~®~ SBELTON 17C ^ X
—
SOMMERHOFF 1701 6 '
n —C^- ^=0=* "%* J^P — \J
DIDEROT 1763 •©-•
GESSMANN 1906 "=£= 5— •— h *

^ c^
POISSON 1891 Sp — LUEDY 1928
CHASSANT 1884 records a mediaeval short^form for spiritus; \p*,
246
,
SPH-SPI
AUREUS 1613 gives the sigil 5 for 'Mercury or Spirit' in the

triad of SOUL Q (Sulphur), BODY (Salt) ^ arid SPIRIT.
in the series of sigils on the descending scale of the Golden chain,

HOMER 1723 gives the following sigils:
incorporeal spirit of the vitcjJ world: <D
Acidic and corporeal spirit of the world; CD
Alkaline and corporeal spirit of the world: ©
See HOMER'S GOLDEN CHAIN and SP1RITUS MUHD1.
SCHEIBLE 1848 gives the sigil 2/ for 'Me conquers iy way of the
spi ri t ' .
BLAVATSKY 1B77 gives as the true monad - but see also CROSS.
See CLAVIS and SPIRIT-SOUL.
SPIRIT OF AQUARIUS Mag. Numerous sigils exist, most of then* of rather
dubious importance. The following mediaeval forms are derived from

TRITHEMIUS 1503: £TJ ^
J ^7-/^
The same source gives two sigils for Gabriel, 'the angel of Aquarius'
both forms being mediaeval: ^Hrr &tJ\_jj3
SPIRIT OF ARIES Mag* Numerous sigils exist, most of them of dubious

importance. The following mediaeval forms are derived from
TRITHEMIUS 1503: ^£T° —A & £> <^—o 5
The same source gives two sigils for Malchidicl, 'the angel of Aries',
both forms being mediaeval: \T ÎLLL
SPIRIT OF CANCER Mag, Numerous sigils exist, most of them of rather

TRITHEMIUS 1503: °^^ ^ o T!^ ^
The same source giv^s two sigils for Muriel, 'the /uigel of Cancer',
both forms being mediaeval: ^\J^V^ ^Ptfj
SPIRIT OF CAPRICORN Mag, Numerous sigils exist, most of them of

dubious importance. The following forms are derived from TRITHEMIUS
1503: rFT"*^ +<— « h 4^
247
o °
SPIRIT OP COPPER Ale. SHELTON 17C \~a~\
GESSMANN 1906 §-
See also SPIRIT OF VENUS
SPIRIT OF GEMINI Ast. Numerous sigils exist, most of them of somewhat

dubious importance. The following mediaeval forme are derived from
TRTTHEMIUS 1503: °*T — ^t o <-\j—
The same source gives three sigils for Ambziel , 'the angel of zodiacal
Gemini'; 4 **? j(-
SPIRIT OF GOLD Ale. SHELTON 17C

GESSMANN 1906 -J Q
See also SPIRIT OF THE SUN
SPIRIT OF IRON Ale. SHELTON 17C gj*
SPIRIT OF JUPITER Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 gives a mediaeval gigil which has
entered the mainstream of occult symbolism:
See also ZACHAR1EL
SPIRIT OF LEAD Ale. SUBLTON 17C \

SPIRIT OP LEO Mag. Numerous sigils exist, most of them of dubious
importance. The following mediaeval forma are derived from
TRTTHEMIUS 1503 : ~h<> H~^ '
b ^ ^ 1
" ^ ^ £°
The same source gives three sigils for Verchi&l , the angel of 2odiacal
SPIRIT OF LIBRA Hag. Numerous sigils exist, most of them of dubious

importance. The following forms are derived from TRITHEMIUS 1503:
£^ A
The same source givas two sigils for Zuriei, the angel of zodiacal
Libra: \/^^\ o : \\ -o
24%
h —
SPT-SPI
SPIRIT OF MARS Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 gives a mediaeval sigll which has
See also SAMAEL and SPIRIT OF IRON
SPIRIT OF MERCURY Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 records a mediaeval sigil which

is not alchemical, but related to the magical form. Due to frequent
copying, this has now become one of the main sigillic forma:
GESSMANN 1906 W See OPHIEL and RAPHAEL
SPIRIT OF THE MOON Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 gives two mediaeval sigils which
have entered the mainstream of occult symbolism: 4j *s^. These have
at times been wrongly copied/ as for example in the forms given by
RAPHAEL 1879: A> and such copies have become 'standard'
forms- See also GABRIEL
SPIRIT OF PISCES Mag. Numerous sigils exist, most of them of dubious

importance.The following mediaeval forms are derived from
TRITHEMIUS 1503 d^^" c 5?°^" 0-^— r^LJU^ 7V L
The same source gives two sigils for Babchiol, the angel of zodiacal
Pisces: + O V- 4^ Q See also AMNIXIFi
SPIRIT OF SAGITTARIUS Mag, Numerous sigils exist, most of them of

TRITHEMIUS 1503: <^= t — O-^ O
The same source gives two sigils for Adnachiel f the angel of zodiacal
Sagittarius ;
—
Oî^-- l^_ q ^j
SPIRIT OF SALT Mag. CARRICHTERUS 18C irj
SPIRIT OF SATURN Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 gives a mediaeval sigil which has
See also AG1EL, ARATRON, CASSIEL, 0RIPH1EL and SPIRIT OF LEAD
SPIRIT OF SCORPIO Mag. Numerous sigils exist, most of Lhem of dubious
,M9
- »
importance. The following mediaeval forms are derived from

TRITHEMIUS 1503 1 O 3 3 -« o-E3-> •& J— S^ r "fc; — i ll I
fr
The same source gives three sigils for Barbiel , 'the angel of zodiacal
Scorpio': 3" -o T TVr^\
SPIRIT OF SILVER Ale. SIIELTON 17C 2£

See also SPIRIT OP THE MOON
SPIRIT OP SULPHUR Ale. CARR1CHTERUS 1BC ^

SPIRIT OP THE SUN Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 gives a mediaeval sigil which has
See also MICHAEL, OCH and SPIRIT OP GOLD
SPIRIT OF TARTAR Ale. CARRICHTERUS 18C %
SPIRIT OF TAURUS Hag. Numerous sigils exist, most of them of dubious

importance.
The following mediaeval forms are derived from
TRITHEMIUS 1503: °~e£> T^ o y
^ <•
°—tttV
The same source gives three sigils for Asmodol, in the guise of the
spirit of Taurus: t}0 J7" L^ —
SPIRIT OP TIN Mag. SHELTON 17C ? 7
GESSMANN 1906 QV T
See also SPIRIT OF JUPITER.
SPIRIT OP VENUS Mag. AGRIPPA 1531 gives a mediaeval sigil which has
entered the mainstream of occult symbolismi
See also ANAET. and SPIRIT OP COPPER
SPIRIT OF VIRGO Mag. Numerous sigils exist, most of them of somewhat

TRITHEMIUS 1503: "fc «* *Z— F ? €$ ]JP L
The same source gives four sigils for HamlSel, the angel of zodiacal
250
SPi-SQU
o..q ^.e_L= Jk°#°

Virgo : ef *)
SPIRIT OF WINE Ale . WORLIDGE 1651 ^/ S^X «<. -©

FRANCKLYN 1627 V VALENTINE 1671 A SpX
S HELTON 17C °y° DIDEROT 1763 V
50MMERU0FP 1701
GESSWVNN 1906 v/C
spirit-soul occ. sucher 1975 links the siqii ^ wich Jsis Imagery,
along with the graphic ideas expressed in his sigils for SACRIFICE,
"n
To the supreme
and With the zodiacal forms for the sign Taurus.
spiritual "Sun" forces of Life are now added the Moon-like forces of
cosmic-existence' . One takes from this the component sigil fc? as
representative of the cosmic Soul, the sigil O as representative of
the cosmic spirit. The combined sigil is undoubtedly Rosicrucian

in origin, however, though rarely found divorced from a
complex setting,
and rarely given a specific meaning, though see for

example STEINER
1910, where it is accorded a different meaning.
See also AKASUYA and PLUTO
SPIRITUS MUNDI Occ. GESSMANN 1906 See HOMER'S GOLDEN CHAIN
SPIRITUS PER ASCENSUM Ale. SOMML'RHOFF 1701 <> See SPIRIT
SPIRITUS PER DESCENSUM Ale. SOHMERHOFF 1701
See SPIRIT
SPOONFUL Aic- DIDEROT 1763 d <-^
SPRING Ale. The sigils given below are used for the Season only.
ALCHEMY 1650 P SOMMERHOFF 1701^.
KOCH 1930 Q
SQUARE Ast- Sigils used for the square aspect of 90 degrees, as for
?^1
—
example in the Graeco-Byzantine form preserved by OMONT 1894: X2

KALANDAR 15C gives a mediaeval example: D
See also QUADRATURE
STAGNATED Ale. GESSMANK 1906 £> ©

STAR Ast. OMONT 1894 preserves an example from the Graeco- Byzantine
tradition which is still widely used in modern times: -^4 even though
this form leads to confusion with the sigil for the SEXTILE aspect.
KIRCHER 1655 gives a sigil intended for the plural: b €-
LUEDY 1928 records a sigil from the Syrian alchemical tradition:

See also FIXED STAR.
The following fixed stars have been accorded individual sigils within
the astrological tradition: ALDEBARAN, Algol (see CAPUT ALGOL),
Algorab (ALA CORVI) , ALPHECCA, Antares (see COR SC0RPI0N1S),. Arcturus
(ALTAMECH) , CAPELLA, Deneb Algedi {CAUDA CAPRICORNI) , PLEIADES, Polaris
(see CAUDA URSAE) , Procyon (see CANIS MINOR), REGULUS, Sirius (see
CANIS MAJOR), SPICA and VULTUR CADENS.
STAR ARCANUM Occ.

WIRTH 1927 relates this 17th arcanum of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic PE, and accords it the sigil ^- which he claims
is a Chaldean hierogram, che Star of Ishtaz.
STEEL Ale. SHELTON 17C $f ^£

DIDEROT 1763 ^ fa
SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives a number of sigils for chalybs, an early term
for steel: tT ,? ^ <>^ <f -& ^ ^^ £ $ ^
t *
GESSMANN
"i *g ** **
1906 t ^ <P^
J
^^
tf
§ tf
$ ^
£ ^ ^ ?
f\
KOCH 19 30 2^f
STEEL FILINGS Ale. SOMMERHOFF 1701 "£-\ QVU

^ . o^-^ rf*
252
STA-SUB
STELLAR INFLUENCE Ast. SCHETBLE 184B j*\
STIBIUM See ANTIMONY
STONE Ale* WORL1DGE 1651^3=- VALENTINE 1671 ]\J
SOMMERHOFF 1701 *V° gg "V* ^ E KIRCHER 1655

SCHEFFERS 1775 -??
GESSMANN 1906 *£? V^ ^
SHELTON 17C gives throe sigil s, though presumably each is related to
a particular kind of stone: & <T^X} -j-/

BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical tradition
N w
relating to the plural 'stones' 'T *f derived from the Greek Lithos.
See also LAPIS
STOPPING See LUTATION
STRATIFICATION Ala. DIDEROT 1 763 ^ ^/^

See also LAYER UPON LAYER
STRENGTH ARCANUM Occ+ WIRTU 1927 relates this 11th card of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic CAPH r and accords it a sigil which he describes as
the pentagram described in the hexagram' , for which he gives the
version: S#T This is, of course, a hexagram within a hexagram, and

the correct sigil should no doubt bo:
STRONTIAN Ale* DALTON lBOS ©

SUBLIMATE Ale The following sigils are generally used for the nounal
denotation;
ALCHYMIA 1563
FRESNK 1688
^ S^4
z£h= ALCHEMICAL 17C Q§^~
SBELTON 17C —^— DIDEROT 1763 =£r J${
The following appear to be used for the verbal*
ALCHEMICAL 17C -Q. "0<* *f\ ^L
25H
SOMMERHOFF J7D1 J\f>~ o-E* J? ^^ V 1 ^^ <&&

DIDEROT 1763 £~\
GESSMftNN 1906 s$C • CZ^ *
j ^p(j ^\_ -yy
SUBLIMATED ARSENIC &lc - GESSMANN 1906 ^ ^ i. gSlL _^>-o §
SUBLIMATED CALAMINE îc. GESSMANN 1906 ~^K ^S^

SUBLIMATED MERCURY Aic CROLLIUS 1670 *
ALCHEMICAL 17C ^- j~\ Jd^r $-*- SHELTON 17C ~§~~
DIDEROT 1763 x& ^ $ .*__
GESSMANN 1906 £ Ms £^_ ^ Sp J^ "^" "Tf" J^_ "S^
SUBLIMATED SULPHUR flic. GESSMANN 1906 4-
SUBLIMATED WINE Ale, ALCHEMICAL 17C 3 — "

•> -4-=- -^ ft
''
GESSMANN L906 <5* l£ '
it
SUBLIMATED ZINC OXIDE Ale. DIDEROT 1763 'jS? _._
SUBLIMATION Ale. MICHAELSPACHER 1616 gives the sigil ££5 next to the
sign or constellation Libra, either to symbolise the alchemical process
of sublimation, or (less likely) alchemical Roman vitriol.
SUBSTANCE Oec. WELLING 1735 gives the sigil A to represent the

tangible universe, the meeting of Fire and h'ater, the respective
sigils for which are the opposing directions of the simple triangle,
representing the upward striving of fire 2_l and the downward
striving of water: "S^
SUCCEDENT Ast. DE VORE 1947
SUFFICIENT Ale. Short-form of Latin quantum sufficii, given by

ALCHEMICAL 17C: q5
254
.
SUB-SUL
SUGAR Ale. STGNA L7C 64

DIDEROT 1763 CO GESSHANN 1906 £_
SUGAR OF LEAD Ale. GESSHANN 1906 2"tj
SULPHUR Ale. Very many sigils exist, of which those given below are
merely the most common. CARBONELLI 1925 reproduces four of the most
frequently used in post- mediaeval documents: t± /V'' ^t* »
BERTHELOT 1885 gives a few sigils from the Greek alchemical tradition
for ordinary sulphur ?f -e- ^5-" -XL f°* unburned sulphur *V and
natural sulphur: m
THESAURUS 14C ~^~ ONOKASTICUM 1574 &-£>
ALCHYMIA 1563 *£* ^ ^ h T

VALENTTNE 1671 £ J ^) ? 6
ALCHEMICAL 17C X -^ A{
<J>
A^ ALCHEMY 1650 ^ \^ % «"o
A
SHELTON 17C C-
SOHMERHOPF 1701 ^ $ H* t_
l^c^^V^^™^ _^^ ~p
DALTON 180B
GESSYANN 1906
®~P -u
4-"
* -r^rac^?^^^
TT ^^
I ^ 'T1 ^ *
J^.
SHEPHERD 1971 L^
SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives the sigils
See also BRTfSTONE
(p ^^lo f foc suIPftor verura
SULPHUR NIGRUM Ale. CROLLIUS 1612 35

ALCHEMICAL 17C <£ SOMMERHOFF 1701 ~f^
DIDEROT 1763
SCHNEIDER 1962
^ -]^
<"> j£^
GESSMANN 1906 ^
See also BRIMSTONE
SULPHUROUS MATTER Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records two sigils from the
Greek alchemical tradition: i_o_y —w>—
SULPHUR PHILOSOPHORUM Occ. CROLLIUS 1612 4^

CROLLIUS 1670 ^ SHFLTON 17C & &
255
DIDEROT 1763 gives two variants for Sulphur of the Prophets: X /K?
SULPHUR TARTARI Ale* GESSMANN 1906 c?V 5*

SULPHUR VIVUM Ale. VALENTINE 1671 "M*
SUMMER OCC. ALCHEMY 1650

SHELTON 17C
KOCH 19 30 \J"
^ ^ GESSMANN i9o6 -jfu 36 -%_ ^
SUN Ast. The common sigil used in modern times, the encircled dot G
wag introduced during the Italian Renaissance (see SOLAR 1978) from the
esoteric Christian tradition. Prior to that, in both alchemical and
astrological texts the sun was symbolised by means of one or other of
the Graeco-Byzantine sigils, most usually the <y which is
presumably a derivative of the short-form Iielios.
Gra&co-Byzantine: NEUGEBAUER 1959 ^
ALCHYMICAL 14C Q CONJURATION 14C ^> <$>
THESAURUS 14C Qa RAGOR 1474 £ <$> €

BERNARD 15C O <$
BONATTI 15C <V ($> $> DOMORUM 15C ^
LIBELLUS 15C § SIGNIFICATIONS 15C
SCOT 15C <&- AGRIPPA 1510 ££j
FIRMTCUS 1510 <V $ AGRIPPA 1531 fife
ALCHEMICAL 1555 -^ OM SCALIGER 15C
kjy«
,
<J>
ALCHEMICAL 17C A & ^zf A£# 3XL CfSlGTLLTS 17C
SIBLY 1790 -J^- ;\;% CARBONELLI 1925 (mediaeval) GX=~ (§> ^
LUEDY 1928 gives ° and also records a sigil from the Syrian
f
astrological tradition: ft
See also GOLD, a term used synonymously with Sun in many alchemical
texts. See also MICHAEL, SORATH and SPIRIT OF THE SUN
256
SUI^SWA
SUN ARCANUM Oca. WIRTH 1927 relates this 19th arcanum of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic KOPH. Since the astrological associations of the
card include the Sun and zodiacal Gemini, WIRTH 1927 gives the sigils
f?\ ^yTr the latter of which corresponds more to the iconography of
the card than to any zodiacal tradition*
SUPERCELESTIAL SCRIPT Occ. One of the numerous alphabets from occult

sources, given by RTVIERE 1938 alongside a Roman alphabet:
il Uc c r % • , j
k 1 .
m ii
3 1 A n A p H K a
^? —) v V\ t v T
o p r s l \1 V \v y ''
q
If this alphabet is translated liberally back into its original

Hebraic equivalent, then it will be seen to closely resemble the
CELESTIAL SCRIPT used by occultists:
K, u * -!
n l i n u * 3 > J
i*
K 2 A.
"1
"h 1 TnuA p h# £
V 3? p X 7
-
*7 ty u
13 3 ^ 7 "\ a n
See also HEBRAIC SCRIPT and SECRET SCRIPTS
SWASTIKA Qcc. In her study of the ancient symbolic language,

BLAVATSKY 1888 says that 'few world symbols are more pregnant with
real occult meaning than the Swastika' : *-|-i It represents the
four cardinal points, the Zenith and the Nadir, and is thus a SENARY,
and might reasonably be used as a sigll for the ZODIAC, if not tor
the horoscope chart- The Initiated may trace its form according to
BLAVATSKY 1888 'the relation of the Seen and the Unseen'* In the
Macrocosmic work it is called the 'Hammer of Creation* and 'refers to
2S7
the continual motion &nd revolution of the invisible Kosmos of Forces',

It points tc the cycles of Time of the world's axes and their
equatorial belts: 'the two lines forming the Swastica meaning Spirit
and Matter, the four hooks suggesting the motion in the revolving
cycies'. Applied to the Microcosm it depicts man between heaven and
earth, the right hand being raised at the end of the horizontal arm,
the left pointing to the Earth. It is, insists BLAVATSKY 1B8B, 'at
one and the same time an Alchemical, Cosntogonical , Anthropological and
Magical sign, with seven keys to its inner meaning* •
See also ORIGIN, WHEEL OF FORTUNE and WORLD ARCANUM
SWELLING Aid Used in the sense of ' tumour 1

-
FRANCKLYN 1627 -j/ SHELTON 17C ^C
SYZYGY Ast- OMDNr 1B94 records a sigil from the Greek astrological
tradition: <b$
See Introduction, and also both FULL MOON and PREVIOUS SYZYGY.
r
/ f
J
:
iiWE-TAH
TALC Me- VALENTINE 1671 1*£ SHELTON 17C X

DIDEROT 1763 ~:/. ^ GESSKANN 1906 ^ &> "fc^ 4 I
KOC11 1930 X
TAO Occ. Name and sigil given by STEINER 1906 as 'the language of
Nature': -9- This sigil is of course derived from the ANKE.
TAPIITIIAHTHARATH Geo. Supposed by HEYDON 1664 Co be 3 georaantic spirit,
ruler of Albus and Conjunction. •—

f-«
TAPOK Occ. Sigil and name given by STEINER 1906 and said by hitr. to
be 'known to the Initiates of the Egyptian Mysteries'

See TAU.
TAKOT Occ. The slgils used by WIRTH 1927 in connexion With his attempt
to relate the Tarot arcana to the cabbalistic tradition are given under
separate headings as fellows: CHARIOT, DEATH ARCANUM, DEVIL ARCANUM,
EMPEROR, EMPRESS, FOOL ARCANUM, HANGING MAN, HERMIT, HOUSE OP GOD,
JUDGEMENT, JUGGLER, LADY POPE, LOVERS ARCANUM, MOON ARCANUM, POPE,
STAR ARCANUM, STRENGTH ARCANUM, SUN ARCANUM, WHEEL OF FORTUNE, WORLD
ARCANUM. See also HERMETIC TETRAD
TARTAR Ale. ALCHYMIA 1563

4f ^/
A^ ™$7 S /_
ALCHEMY 16SO ~5\
KORLIDGE 1651
p §£$ 33 L
259
VALENTINE 1671 >^ FRESNE 1688 J& 3?
ALCHEMICAL 17C <[^ ^ 4 V °5 K 2f ^ DC ff-
GESSMANN 1906
CARBONELL1 1925
^ ^
Lp J&_
t/3
2_
^K F* ^~Z £*£- ^ 3L *$£ <d #£
LUEDY 192B £\ $9.
KOCU 1930 pl-
TARTAR SAI-T Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^ $ 8/ l]l

^®— ^X*
See also SAL TAKTARI and TARTAR.
TAT Occ. An Egyptian hieroglyph, given in sigillic form by SHEPHERD
1971 as meaning myriad: w

TAU
f
i* Occ- Claimed by many scholars to be the earliest form of the
CROSS, though BLAVATSKY 1877 traces its occult meaning to a combination
of Greek letter and Arabic number, giving it as a 'symbol of life,
and of life eternal: of earthly life, because (gamma) ]" is the
symbol of the Earth (Gaia) , and of 'life eternal" because the figure
7 is the symbol of the same life linked with the divine life:
f" plus 7 equals

TESTA 1962 records some of the early Christian forms: ^ "V £
GETTINGS 1978 traces the use of the sigil in certain architectural
and artistic forms : tI7
BLAVATSKY 1888 derives the sigil © from the Tau t perhaps in error,
and calls it the 'Astronomical Cross of Egypt 1
.
The Tau is also the 22nd letter of the Hebraic alphabet (see HEBRAIC
SCRIPT) , and many derivatives have been given for the letter within
the tradition of secret alphabets - notably those collected by
BARTOLOZZI 1675:^ «ff£ J^] t$£> JJ) <J^£
WIRTH 1927 equates the card and letter form with the FOOL ARCANUM of
the Tarot pack, and traces the graphic forma ^ )j JJ J^ back to the
idea of CROSS. As JENSEN 1970 shows, L'ne Tau may be (.raced back to
an Egyptian hieroglyphic with the pictorial value of the 'sign of Life 1
,
the Egyptian ANKU: "~¥~
/hO
TAR-TliH
TAURUS Ast. Zodiacal sign of the Bull. The printed version of the
sigil is derived from the late-mediaeval manuscript tradition, which
links with one of the forms used in the Graeco-Byzantine - see as
example, HYGINUS 1482: Z3
The form is said by AGRIPPA 1531 to be based on the shape of the bull,
horns, but the derivation from the earlier tradition would appear to
deny this: see for example (SETTINGS 1978.
Ancient Egyptian; STORAKT 2C £i, SPIEGELBERG 1911 X 2-~>
Graeco-Byzantine: OMONT 1894 ^* NEUGEBAUER 1959 > * j^ Y?> V

DIGBY 12C OWp GRAMMATICA 13C t
\/* °y^
ASTRONOMICAL 14CO <J2^ JANUA 14C \X/°
LEUPOLDI 14C Stj MANSIONIBUS 1482 C*ncf V
PIRMICUS 1499 t
£7'
>
LAMBECIUS 1500 V
SCHYNAGEL 1500 >f ASTROLOGICAL 1 5C \?
BONATTI 15C ^ QUADRANTIS 15C ^f
SCOT 15C '<£ y{ tX AGRIPPA 1510 C~> &
BLUNDEVILLE 1594 MAGICI 17C \f
PROWSSE 17C y TRACTS 17C &
SOMMEKHOFE 1701 3 f^ WILCZKOWSKT 1947^5
HADES 1969 'M*
LUEDY 1928 records a sigil from the Syrian astrological tradition:
LEUPOLDI 14C gives the sigil for the constellation Taurus,
^^J
while AGRIPPA 1510 gives the form: sf
See also MYSTERIOUS PLANETS and SPIRIT OF TAURUS
TEJAS Occ. Sometimes called Taijas or Agni, this is the oriental

equivalent of the FIRE element, associated with the Manipura or Navel
chakrm £\ The sigil is said to be of a red colour, and is
recorded by AVALON 1919.
TEMPERAMENTS Occ. The four so-called 'Bippoeratic' or 'Gallenic'

humours are the expression on the microcosmic plaê of the working
of the four ELEMENTS, as follows: AIR is associated with the Sanguine,
EARTH with the Melancholic, FIRE with the Choleric, and WATER ivith the
?.•:.!
:
Phlegmatic* In almost every case* these four temperaments arc

represented by sigils derived from those used to denote the four
Elements, and the standard form of synbolism would Lhurafore be:
SANGUINE 2^T ^= 4£ MELANCHOLIC ^ ^ <J) Q
CHOLERIC ZS> ^ ^"-O *\% PHLEGM/xTIC \/ ~S7 *$${f
W
The wide range of slgils associated with these elements may bo used
to denote the four aspects of the human temperament - for example,
TRITHEMXUS 1503 gives sigils specifically for COLERA: /V SANGUIS: 4^
PI2VLA (Phlegmatic) i *\7 MELANCHOLIA z but these sigils are
used in his earlier list for the ELEMENTS. (SETTINGS 1965 records
four groups of sigils for the chirognomical types, related to the four
temperaments FIRE (male) : ^ (female) : Q AIR (male) : ^
(female); $ WATER (male): Vv^ (female) s v^/ EARTH (male)* ^
(female): 41 In a manuscript from Gotha (given in KL1BANSKY 1964)
the following forms are found alongside images of the four temperaments
as riders; CHOLERIC: # SANGUINE: / PHLEGMATIC: j/ and
MElANCHOLICt 4 s
TEMPLAR SCRIPT 0CC+ Onu of the SECRET SCRIPTS recorded by KIV1EKE

1938:
a c (1 r . f ir h 1
i .
. Ji
k in . n
V A > V V <o 6 o X
V< A > V <1 A 6 t oo
p <| r s I II \v Y.
TENTH HOUSE Ast. OM0WT 1894 records a sigil from the Graeco- Byzantine
astrological tradition for the mesourania, the equivalent of the

modern MIDHEAVEN: *-f-*-
TLIREBINTH Ale . The various contexts would suggest that the sigil refers
to the resin (or to the turpentine) , rather than to the terebinth tree
itself.
DIDEROT 1763 '^V^ C ft. GESSMANN 1906 $£$.
:.(/.
:
TEM-TER
TERNARIUS Occ+ GABELLA 1615, following DEE 1564 in some respects,

gives two 'trinity* sigils- The first is related to the theory
derived from the modern sigil for the SUN ( O } which is pictured as
the closing of the ternarius around the central point: *»*
The second consists of two lines, in which the copula is presumed at

their junction: "C
DEE 1564 gives the TERNARY in a related form r as the sum of the two
lines of the cross, meeting at the intersection (which is the third
element) thus — ,— is the triad of body, soul and spirit.
TERNARY Occ. In the ancient symbolic language discussed by BLAVATSKY

18B8, the sigil /\ is said to be 'the first of the geometrical
figures', and it is accorded a complex esoteric interpretation relating

to the triadic nature of the spiritual world: see for example
TERNARIUS.
In the series of sigils given by CIRLOT 1962, as a logical graphic
development, the 'neutral and successive* ternary is t_A whilst /_i
is 'evolutive, since the vertical axis is the greater' and \? is
* involutivc since it is inverted'. Such thought-out symbolism

relating to the triad ultimately goes back to Boehme's use of the
triangular sigils given in LAW 1772, relating to the cosmic struggle
between the MEAKNE3S /\ and the WRATH: *\y As indicated in LAW
1772, these unite to form the SEAL OF SOLOMON: 3J^C See ARCHETYPES.
TERRA DAMNATA See* CAPUT MORTULM
TERRA LEMK1A Ale. SOMMEKHOFF 170L ^L^ ±^

SCHNEIDER 1962 ^j __*
TERRA S1G1LLATA ALBA Ale. SOMMERiJOFF 1701 $j — '

S
^7 \Sj
TERRESTRIAL Ale. 8ERTHEL0T 1885 records a sigil from the Graeco-

Byzantine alchemical tradition: C
263
:
TEST Ale. It is likely that those sigils recorded by GESSMANTJ 1906

were intended as the equivalent of argun&ntum or proof in an alchemical
operation ; ,/K
TETH Occ. The 9th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT)
for which many derivative forms have been given within the tradition
of secret scripts, notably those collected by BAKTOL0ZZI 1675: *>—f (^
VVVi y^S WIRTH 1327 equates Teth with the
HERMIT card of the Tarot pack, and gives a graphic etymology for the
letter (^ d/ UA ^Jj)
which he traces back to the idea of 'tree*.
TETRAD See HERMETIC TETRAD
TETRAGONUM Ast- OMONT 1894 records the Greek sigil Q which denotes
the equivalent in Greek astrology of the SQUARE aspect.
THEBAW SCRIPT Occ* One of the most famous of all SECRET SCRIPTS,
recorded by AGRIPPA 1531:
rl h c (i
< r
g h i
.]
k i m ii
n i n "i i 7 If V n X 1
i i X
o
i ? It
u
X
v
T%1 —
x y z
p q r s I \v
THIRD EYE Occ, Sigil given by B1AVATSKY 1888 as development of the

sigil £or KU, and (presumably) linked with the chakra between the
eyebrows
THIRD ROOT RACE See ORIGIN and MANIFESTATION
THOR'S HAMMER See ORIGIN
THREE See ARCHETYPES and TRTNTTY
&A
TES-THR
THREE AIRS Occ. Three separate sigils representing the 'three airs'
are recorded in HERMETICUM 17C: ^%- O ($
THREE BAPTISMS fleJ . Sigils derived from early Christian so-jrces ana
recorded by TESTA 1962, as follows:
BAPTISM OF FIRE: >T—X
BAPTISM OF THE HOLY GHOST: £-2C~P
BAPTISM OF WATER;
THREE EARTHS Occ. Sigils given in HERMETICUM 17C as the 'three earth
sigils': 9 © -^
THREE FIRES Occ. Sigils given in HERMETICUM 17C as the 'three fire
sigils': 0=0 ~£ ?t
PUREE PRINCIPLES Occ. STEINEK 1906 gives three symbols by which

in every age the 'three Divine principles have been represented in
occultism' Qj SQS . "^V* The £) is the first Logos, the Godhead,
the 2$5 is the Second togos , or Macrocosm, while the p^ is the
Third Logos, or Microcosm. The connexion between these three are
conceived as a creative relationship. The first Logos is the
'one primal source and centre of manifestation'/ and may be
conceived as 'a life-begetting warmth' suffusing the whole universe
by which the rajcrocosmic Life is quickened and reflected in the
creative activity of the human soul.
THREE WATERS Occ. Sigils given in HERMETICUM 17C as the 'three water
sigils': jj* <&- Cp
THREE WORLDS See ASTRAL WORLD, ELEMENTAL WORLD and WORLD OF INTELLIGENCE
THRONES Ast. SUCHER 1975 links the sigil for Pisces % with the
sphere of the Thrones, which is traditionally the sphere of SATURN,
See also SPHERE OF SATURN.
2fab
-
TIGILLUM Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 ~F FRESNE 1688 ^

SCHNEIDER 1962 f JJ
But see also CRUCIBLE and MELTING POT
^J f ^/jj* tf W 4^
TIME Occ. BERTHELOT 18B5 records a sigil from a number of Greek and
Graeco-Byzantine manuscripts, almost certainly derived from the word
Chronos: -ife-
CHASSANT 1884 (mediaeval) "tr
CROSLAND 1962 records the Greek form /£.
But see also GETTINGS 1968*.
See PRIMORDIAL CIRCLE
TIN Ale. Whilst the following sigils are given specifically for this
metal, all the numerous sigils given under JUPITER may well be used to
denote this metal, and the two terms are used synonymously by the
alchemists
BERTHELOT 1885 records numerous Graeco-Byzantine sigils from ancient
alchemical documents: >f ?* 5
£ ^
^% §. "*3
R
® Sf
^ X
T V
WORLIDGE 1651 \tf &" iA** *& .
CROLLIUS 1612 2 SHELTON 17C ^ % H- T? ^ i

U
-
GESSMANN 1906 4
(
-' % ^. > Z" ^ it^- ^6 ^W

J^ p- R 'Jo- j^L r-e, % $ 6- -V- e 44*, T^ ^
KOCH 1930 T7
TIN ASHES Ale. GESSMftNN 1906 A

TINCTURE Ale. ALCHEMY 1650
ALCHEMICAL 17C J\
schneid;:p 1962 Tr" -p ^^
TIN FILINGS Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 gives two sigils from the Graeco-
Byzanti no alchemical tradition^ x 2
TIN LEAF Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from tho Graeco-
Byzantine alchemical tradition: *2
266
7TG-TKE
TIN ORE AlG* BESTHELOT 1BBS records a sigil from the Graecc-
Byzantine aichecr.ical tradition: 9
TIN PLATE Ale. 5KELTON 17C

n
TIN SPIRIT Ale. The sigil recorded by GESSMANN 1S06 has nothing in
caramon with the sigils given under SPIRIT OF JUPITER, despite the
cautionary note given under TIN above: <^—~ Presumably this sigil
relates to an essence or ex t tact of the iretal.
T1RIEL Bay* Sigil for a spirit, said to be one of the angels of

Mercury, given by HEYDON 1664 to represent the lett&r^T in the secret
writing called the 'Alphabet of Angels and Genii 1
:
TOGETHER Ale:, 3ERTHEL0T 1885 records two sigils from the Greek
alchemical tradition: AA /S/\
TOPAZ Ale. SIGNA 17C J)
TRANSITUS FLUV1I Occ One of the most famous of secret alphabets

relating to the HEBRAIC SCRIPT, called in soido occult texts Crossing
the River, or Passing the River. The exanple given here is from
BAKTOLOZZI L675, with two minor variations in that given by AGRIPPA
1531:
3 1 1 i T n V 'J
< "in? 7
? I X F1 A y V& 7
D 1? 2 IT 7 -\ U3 n
rti 1
V|-E.
TKANSFLUTO Ast. HAWKINS 1976
TRH3S Ast. Sigil for the twentieth of the mediaeval Lunar mansions,
2ft 7
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT* HERMETIC AND ALCIILMICAL SIGILS
called Al Wa'an? in the Arabian system of manzils, recorded In

MANST0NE5 lACi *
ft 4
TRIGRAMS -Mag. The philosophical machine, and divinatory system, known

as the I Ching, or Book of Change is based upon the interpretation of
six-lined figures constructed from yin or gang * lines,
which are presented in groups of three {for example ~y ~^ } each with
a copiplex series of associations and characteristics, each representing

"cosmic forces' which are seen as relating together to establish
situaLicsns which have been named and studied within the text of the
1 Ching . Thus, a lower group of three lines
~~ may 'meet*
or unite with r an upper group of three lines == to produce the
figure £r= which has been called Chung Fu ( tf> 2j- ; 'Inner Truth',
to which an extensive explanatory text has oeen appended. The result

of mixing the two yin and yang Lines is eight trigrams, with the
following names, attributes, images and family relationships, culled
from WiliBEIiM 1951;
— CH ' IE?i &, creative strong heaven father
s= K'tW receptive yielding earth mother

*f
*~
=~
CHEN * arousing inciting thunder first son
X 'AS >£. abysmal dangerous water 2nd son

=-=
tf&'v
& keeping still resting mountain 3rd son
— SUN U gentle penetrating wind 1st daughter
Li clinging light-giving tire 2nd daughter

ft
== TUI ft joyous joyful lake 3rd daughter
See also YIN AND YANG
TRIGONUM Ast, OMONT 1894 records a Graeco- Byzantine sigil, the

t rigonum r which is the equivalent of the modern TRINE aspect: /\
TRINE Ast. Sigil for the astrological aspect of 120 degrees, derived
from the earliest Graeco-Byzantine manuscript tradition (see TRTGONUM)
given for example in KALENDAR ISC: /\
LUCCA 17C gives the form \f but this is rare.
263
.
TRI-TSA
TRINITY JteJ. To judge from the numerous records, virtually any three-
pointed sigil may be used to denote the idea of trinity, even though a
specialist use might be intended by the particular form {see TRINE for
example) The early Christian sigils recorded by TESTA 1962 include
the forms:
VERARDI 1972 gives
J% /\ ^J<
t^J"
^ ^ [> ^ ^J
whilst KOCH 1930 gives the /urea V and
SHEPHERD 1971 gives the Criguetra ^?p* all of which are common in
occult and esoteric sources.
See also TERNARIUS.
TRIPLE ALPHA See ALPHA.
TRIQUETRA See TRINITY.
TRTST1TTA Geo. Sigil for one of the sixteen geomantic figures, given
by AGRIPPA 1531:* * A multitude of variants {stars, dots, floral
devices, et.c.J are used to denote the same four-fold arrangement.
Tristitia is linked by AGRIPPA 1531 with the element of Earth, the
planet Saturn, and the zodiacal sign Scorpio. The following sigils
are derived from late-mediaeval sources, and are sometimes used to
denote che planet Saturn, as for example in TRITHEMIUS 1503-
AGRIPPA 1.531 '^ ^ S V ^
TRITURATE Ale. DIDEROT 1763 >^
TRUE SALTPETRE Ale WELLING 1735 proposes the following sigil, in his
personal graphic system: {¥j>w
TSADH Occ. The 18th letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HRBRATC SCRTPT)
for which many derivative forms are given within the Lradition of secret
scripts, notably those collected by BARTOLOZZI 1675: F1 J î^° F%
"JH *&>
C
^
WTSTH 1927 equates Tsade with the MOON ARCANUM of the
Tarot pack, and traces the derivative forms of the letter |^ \ / Q j
to the idea of 'javelin'. It is likely, however, that the letter
.:r-"
5
DTCTIOSARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
is derived from an Egyptian hieroglyphic with the pictorial value of

countenance 1
, which i« th« Hi&rxrahic script was written: Q
TURPENTINE See TFRFH7NTF
TURQUOISE Wag. SIGNA 17C (J~0
TUTIA Ala. Generally/ this is the name used for crude zinc oxide.
ALCKYMIA 1563 y- ^ ALCHEMICAL 17C ^ ^
SHSLTON 17C X X DIDEROT 1763 V"
GESSMANK 190J« 3
ALCHEMICAL 17C gives the sigil
;A:tii-^x^-;-^ 3.(; for tutia preparata.
-<^
SCHNEIDER 1962 gives the sigils A Û J^ Jftj for tutia Mexandriiia

CARbONKLLI 1925 USBBX 1928 -jfc—
^
TWO BROTHERS Asfc. SOMK3RHOFF 1701, under the term duo f rates, gives
three groups of sigils which are, astro logically speaking,
representative of opposing polarities, but which are from the point of
view of sigillic structure based on similarities of forms which have
beer, reversed. These analyses of the three pairs are not provided
by SOMMERHOFF 1701, but are giver, here by way of explanation:
~)
JUPITER & SATURN 2\- ^] ( Z> PliJS -[-equals l ) 2|_
( 3 Plus -T- oqual

5 ' \
><ARS £ VENUS (J* 1
O ( q plus X equals # > <?
< O Plus H- equals
$ ' ¥
MOON £ SUN 2) ( Pl»s 3> equals 3> ) z>
< plus C equals O >
270
TUR-UNI
UTjCER Ale, FRAKCSLYN 162 7 -s/C SHELTON 17C -\f__
UNBURNED SULPHUR Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 gives a sigil derived from the
Graeco-Byzantine alchemical tradition: -j;
UNCIA Ale- The alchemical OUNCE.

SIGNA I7C if
CAPPELL1 1949 records a mediaeval short-form: \o
SCHNEIDER L962 << & \ 3^

The half uncia is usually given: '&-*< %^ <f*X~^
UNION Occ. Sigil given by GEHEIME 1785 ^ derived from Lhe idea
of union attained through the alchemical process of solve et coagulo,
though the sigil does appear to be used for the union of opposites, as
for example in the union of roaJo and female. Sun and Moon, K&rs and
Ve.nus, and so en, as well as for the union of Sulphur and Mercury, so
clearly indicated within the form of the sigil.
UNITY Qcc* Sigil given in HERMES 1613, with a multi-layer meaning, for
such principles as Mercury of the Philosophers, the Materia Prima, and
for the Mercury which is 'the beginning, purpose and end of the
dJc/iemicai work* : O
JEE 1564 intended his famous MONAD sigil ^K to represent Unity.
CIRLOT 1962 gLves a si:;gle dot - to represent 'unity, the origin*.
271
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, BSRMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STGILS
UNIVERSAL MERCURY * 3 ^- WELLING 1735 proposes the sigil as park

o£ his theory of graphic symbolism.
UNIVERSE Occ. KIRC11ER 1655 UT\ See DEITY
URANUS As£. The modern sigil is generally explained as being derived

from the initial letter of Berschel, as for example in HONE 1951: '1*
However, already WILSON 1819 calls the planet Ouranos, and accords It
the sigil: W and VARLEY 182B, who still calls it Herschml, and
ascribes it rule over the zodiacal Aquarius, gives it a related form
of sigil: J"T1 The planet is still called Herschel in certain
astrological texts. As with the other so-called 'modern' planets,
the sigils used to denote this planet are highly personal ones, and more
than often the result of confused thinking, or of somewhat specialist
views of the nature of symbolism: for example, the author uses the
sigil -j^C* which has, so far as he knows, never been published- LEO
1914 says that the sigil *£> 'symbolises the unity of the three symbols
{ will, ^T) wisdom and ~p activity) on a higher grade than
Mercury, of which it is the higher octave'- The following sigils
are by far the most common.
WILSON 1819 l£i
PEARCE 1893 3jt SIMMONITE 1890 fj*
MODERN ASTROLOGY 1906 >W ASTROLOGY 1917

§
THIERENS 1931 NEROMAN 1937
o
EBERTTN 1950 A RUDHYAR 1970 *J*
SHEPHERD 1971 W O PERRY 1971 ^

MEYER 1974 3f*
PERSONAL i960 "+C
See also HERSCHEL
URINAPHATON Wag-- SCHEIBLE 1848 gives two sigiis for this demonic
L
being:
O
URINIi Ale. WOKLIDGE 1651 gives the following sigils:

J A
272
UNI-UXO
VALENTINE 1671 ^>

fRESNE 1688 P ALCHEMICAL 17C Nfe
SIGNA 17C -•»
SHELTON 17C
SOHMEKUOFP 170L
DIDEROT 1763
,'-.,
*$}
6t ^ "^f Q O ^^
GESHMANN 1906
££ ^T
r^ 0+" R
^
LUEDY 192 B C9 6+" K0C " i93° ^
SCHNE1DER 1962 Q? Cg? G\
UXOR OIXWIFERA See SILVER
27.1
VABAH Mag. Kama and sigil for this spirit given by HEYDON 1664 to
represent the letters U and V in the secret writing called 'Alphabet
of Angels and Genii 1
: ^ X
VALERIAS Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a Greek sigil:
VAPOUR Occ- BERTHELOT 1885 gives the Greek alchemical sigil

a text which implies that this is a ceiestiaJ vapour: see both SKY
and CELESTIAL VAPOUR.
VAPOUR BATH Ale. DIDEROT 1763 g ^B/

GESSMANN 1906 \T \/j F\
VAU Oca. The Gth letter of the Hebrew alphabet (see HEBRAIC SCRIPT) ,
for which many derivatives are given within the tradition of secret
alphabets, notably those Collected by BARTOLCZZI L6?5i o^Vi\, c>s4
^^ZH *-4~° Vl 2C WIKPH 1927 «»»*« Vau with the LOVERS ARCANUM
of the Tarot pack, and gives the derivative fcrms V* L/ ^] .is
the graphic etymology for the letter, which he traces back to the
idea of 'small hook 1
? however, research into the Egyptian pictorial
origin for the letter indicates a development along lines of the
following - hieroglyphic hierarchic <0 Old Twmdic CD
South Arabian £p Old Phoenician S Moabite V and since the
pictorial equivalent of the Egyptian hieroglyphic is a *knob*
. #
VAU-VEN
suggesting the idea o£ 'opening 1

or 'entrance** then the significance
of the link with both the LOVERS ARCANUH and with the Pythagorean
sigil for 'choice' {suggested by MIRTH 1927) ]
which relates to
the form of the Moabitt* equivalent, becomes clear.
VAVU Occ. An oriental equivalent of the European AIR clement,

associated with the fin&h&ta or Heart chakra; &J*L The sigil is
recorded in a Western contort by AVALON 1919, ana is sale to be
smoky grey colour
VEGETA3ILIA Oca* The following siqils do not refer specifically tc

vegetative life, but to the concatenation of forces which through an
invisible activity support vegetative life* thus, in hernia of modern
occultism, the terra ia approximately the equivalent of the ETHERIC.

HOMER 1723 {+) HOMER 175? i^
WIRTH L931 gives £ft But see also HOMER'S GOLDEN CHAIN,
VENEREAL DISEASE Occ. SHELTON 17C tf V
VENTER ARIETIS Ast . The second of the mediaeval lunar mansions

called Al Dutain in the Arabian astrological system, the sigil being
preserved in MANSIONES 14C; pO
A sigil which has been employed in amuletic use, ar;s associated with
this ui^nsion, is given by ABANO 1303 :
^+^ <>
VENTER GEHTNOR JMr

See SIDUS PARVUM
VENTER LEONIS See CAPTLLUS
VENTER VIRGINIS Ast. A sigil given in ABANO 1303 was employed for
amuletic purposes* and associated with Lhe thirteen lunar mansions of

the astrological tradition: S~L J to
VSKUS Ast. The modern sigil for this planet is derived ultimately
275
dictionary of occult, hermetic and alchemical sigils
from the Greek astrological system/ by way of the mediaeval

manuscript (see for example CONJURATION 14C) , the printed version
being found in HYGINUS 1482: 5j? AGRIPPA 1531 traces its form
to the mirror, 'but DEE 1564 gives a construction from the Sun and
the four elements. T.RO 1914 says that the sigil Q is 'symbol of
Spirit triumphaiiL over matter, circle over cross' (see HERMETIC TRIAD } ,
though this largely contradicts the hermetic tradition which sees

the Venusian impulse as essentially involving a descent into
incarnation/ an entanglemenL in matr.er (hence perhaps the esoteric
significance of Agrippa's 'mirror'). When SOMMERHOFF 170] wrote
Venus Microcosm! sunt Re/iest, he had in mind that the 'renes ' were the
seat of human affections - a distinct link with the Venus Pudica of
both the occult and the artistic tradition.
Egyptian demotic* NEUGEBRUER 1959 \(
Craeco-flt/zanfcf'ne: BERTHBLOT 1885 T ff y

OMONT 1894
MEDIAEVAL: CONJURATION L4C j£
THESAURUS 14C y RAGOR 1474 V
CANONES 15C T DOMORUM i'jC c)
—
LTBF.LLUS 15C §-- SCOT 15C ©
SIGNTFICATTONES 15C Ql SCALIGFR 15C 5 ^5"°
SCHYNAGEL 1500 Q AGRIPPA 1510 JP
DARTOT 1057 ^ ALCHRMY 1650 CH~ 3" ^
GICNTINT 158.1
/f>,
PLANETS 1617 ^-
TABIE 1676 ALCHEMICAL 17C ijL ~fe v^= *\
SHET.TCiC 17C j£ ® ^$ *— C VALLEMOK7 1707 •£-
SOMHERIIOPF 1701
SIBLY 1817
^ Q j£* [~*
C ^^ "^
LUEDY 1928 £_
? *£l*
^£
^ [HI]
Oei'tsche 1961
CHASSAN7 1884
^
gives a mediaeval
L-ARBONELI.I 1925
form
(mediaeval) ^
rt 5<f
See also the sigils used by thn alchemists for COPPER, a term whi::h is
synonymous for Venus.
See also AMTSSIO, HEXAGON, ORIGIN and SPHERE OP VENUS
276
VtlR-VES
VERCHIEL Mag- BKA1IE 1582 gives several mediaeval characters for the
<D~^-^
'angel of Loo': tj %Z-
HEYDON 1664 gives the same name as the genius of the geomantic Fortuna
minor and Fortuna major, though the sigil he gives for this genius ^\
is probably related to that given for the ruling spirit of Leo by
AGRIPPA 1531 : \\0
VERDIGRIS Ale* There is some confusion regarding the many siqils which
have been preserved to denote vordigris 9 a confusion which probably
stems from the variety of names by which the sigils are described or
listed. The following are selected from the least dubious of the
numerous sources.
SIGNA 17C £ ^ —O f f-
SOMMERHQFF 1701 © f /f °®° ££ ^f \ OW> © Jff 4? $Hl
DIDEROT 1763 -*Afc *^(/-
GESSMANN 1906 ££ ^-- H j£> L'ARBONELLI 192b (mediaeval) -+-{-
SCHNEIDER 1962 3> 8 # © © &TT ^

GESSMANN 1906 also lists variants under the name of Crook vordigris:
See AERUGO
VERMILION Ale SHEPHERD 1971 gives the sigil 5tfc buL hefore the use
of modern dye pigments, this was one of the names given to the pigment
of CINNABAR.
VESPERUS See SPHERE
VESTA flSt- Symbol (perhaps! originally given by WILSON 1319 for a

planet (actually an asteroid) in orbit between Mars and Jupiter: ifi
WILSON 1B19 J*! K0CU l93 ° \f-

SHEPIIERD 1971 r=pT
TKIZREN5 L931 suggested -+- as the sigil for the 'planetary principle
of the Roman Vesta and the Greek ttG&ti** as the 'higher octave 1
of Mars*
-
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT f HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIC1LS
VTA Geo- Sigil for one of the sixteen qeomantic f igur&s: * A large
number of variants (stars/ dots, floral devices, etcj Is used to
denote the same four-fold atroctaro of the sigil. via is linked by
AGRiPPA 1531 with the element of Water* the planet Moon, and the
zodiacal sign Leo* The following sigils are derived from late
mediaeval sources, and aru some Limes used to denote the Moon - as for
example in TRITHEMIUS 1503 who gives (no doubt in copyist error), the
G
form: o
o
AGRippA 1531 % ;;
VINEGAR 1,1c. BERTHELOT 1685 records several sigils from the Creole
alchemical tradition: C2y *0" {*
3IGNA 1?C r^j<- "-]- 1

TABLE 1676 '.
VALENTINE 1671 ^£ "6L

SOMMERKOFF 1701 °-f" ^" 3C £ * H~ <_A_ X C.A 5 &
DIDEROT 1763 ^
GESSMANN J906 -^ fl © \/£~ ~°~ T^T ^^
Per rJjroe-foid distiliai.(?cJ vinegar, the following sigils are given:
VALENTINE 1671 j>^ "r+T S HELTON 17C ^p
30MMERB0FF 1701 /tSj
GSSSHANN 1906 -fr- fjf -^f- ^ 4^ X H^ ^ 3 tT <X J^
'
SOHME3HOPP 1701 gives the following Eur distilled vinegar-- / /7
^ #. $ *. v k
SCHNEIDER 1962 records the sigil J~X-
^ *. mm
for Acetum vini rubri
*
, and
— fc~7~ vinum mortuum.
WALTSR 1970 gives two of the uore simple sigils derived from the
ancient Egyptian alchemical tradition:
"J ^0^
VIRGIN Occ. The 'cabbalistic' sigil for virginity is given by

SHEPHERD 1971 Q but in regard to this sigil, see Rtf.
S0MH8RHQFF 1701 gives the sigila ^/\/ \-y for virgin Earth.
GESSWANN ;906 gives for Virgin Max: >K*
The zodiacal sign VTRGO is sometimes called Virgin.
278
> .
ViA-VIR
VIRGIN EARTH See VIRGIN.
VIRGIN WAX See VIRGIN and WAX.
VIRGO fist. Zodiacal sign of the 'virgin', the printed version of the
sigil given by HYGINU5 1492, derived from the mediaeval manuscript
tradition: Tf7 The si-^" 1 *- * s s ** id bv AGRIPPA 1531 to be based on
the shape of an ear of com - the Spica carried in the arms of the
constellation figure, but this suggestion is as unfounded as the

suggestion of KIRCHER 1655 that it was derived from three ears of corn.
ALLEN 1899 records the idea that the sigil is derived from the
initials MV, for MARIR VIRGO, though an esoteric tradition derives the
form from a legend concerning the Fall of Kan (see SETTINGS 1978)
Egyptian demotic BERLIN 42AD Cl £ ST0BART 2c
SPIEGELBERG 1911 k-
G [3 &co- By zan t i ne NEUGEBAUER 1959 ^<
MEDIAEVAL DIGBY 12C ^ ASTRONOMICAL L400 YTf)—
7
CONJURATION 14C *YJ)? JANUA 14C ^jp'
""^ H
LEUPOLDI 14C MANSIONIBUS 1402 £S""
FIRM1CUS 1499 T.AMBEC1US 1500 ," .) <S\*L
ASTROLOGICAL 15C ^^ BONATTT 15C T^L-

QUADRANT1S 15C 6~\/ RAWLINSON 150 T~D
TABLES 15C *}^' SCUYNAGEL 15O0 YY>
TRITIIEMTUS 1503 °ffP MESSAÂLAH 1504 \^\>
L^L>
AGRIPPA 1510 T? 3 rJARIOT 1557
THURNEYSSER 157C ^P? THURNEYSSER 1574 TO €

SIGIEfcZS 17C BLUKDEVTLLE 1602 ^J\
^-hz V^
HOROSCOPE 1614 'VOc EEYDON 1650 YT£
r
BELOT 1667 \fL LUCCA 17C 'YY^,
MAGICI 17C ÂJ b tracts v/c^P y< -vyc
PREIIER 1717 'WV WELLING 1735 £tf,
QEHEIHE 1785 TLK GEHETME 1708 TY^
CARPTCHTERCS 13C _f!>"
PYTHAGORAS 18C J^
WTLSON 1B20 ZADKIEL 1835 IT)?
279
POISSON 1891 rry GESSMANN 1906 Tfjt ¥

WIRTU 1927 JT}, NEROMAN 1937 TfK\
RUDHYAR 1970 TC\> NEEKACHER 1967 Tf~f
PERRY 1971 ^^C
LUEDY 1928 records a sigi.1 from the Syrian astrological tradition: a^
LEUPOLDI 14C gives the sigil J__^P for the constellation of Virgo,
See also SPIRIT OF VIRGO
VIRIDE AES See VERDIGRIS
VISHNU 0cc - The occidental sigil for the element of WATER is linked by
BLAVATSKY 1888 with Vishnu, the 'god of the moist principle and water
(Narayana, or the moving Principle in Nara, water)' as an exoteric
symbol : \7
VITRIOL Ale. BERTUELOT 1885 records the Greek sigil: ^

ALCHYMIA 1563 O ^\_ ">^ W0RL1DGE 1651 © *P °o~ ?t
FRANCKLYN 1627 fl^T/l, £D ALCHEMY 1650 <B^ Q ~<$
VALENTINE 1671 0>— J-
ALCHEMICAL 17C £D CT^ £&> T ^| V
SHELTON 17C CBu SIGNA 17C \^ O ^C ^)
SOMMEKKOFF i?01 «-^~\ <&-* ^ (£— ^7 0^j ^-c ^ "} 0^^
DIDEROT 1763 T^ •£)
SCHEFPERS 1775
GESSMANN 1906
f*
(3?
^"M^^SP^G^ ®~^ ^ ^^ , r-
LUEDY 1928 ^ ^ SCHNEIDER 1962 >"\, U -^

See also COPPERAS, OIL OF VITRIOL, ROMAN VITRIOL, VITRIOLIC ACID,
VITRIOLIC FLOWERS, VITRIOLIC SALT and WHITE VITRIOL
VITRIOLIC ACID Ale. GEOFFROY 1718 >(£> ^/^

DIDEROT 1763 CD
VITRIOLIC FLOWERS Ale. GESSMANN 1906

.
VIR-VUt
VITRIOLIC SALT Ala. GESSWVNN 1906 I£\
V1TRUH Ala. Generally these sigils are applied to GTASS, and are
accordingly listed under this heading, but within a specifically
alchemical context the sigils may sometimes be applied Lo tha idea of
a 'glass vessel ' . For vitrum (unspecified application) ALCHEMY
1650 gives the forms .X
SQMMERHOFF 1701 T )J ^ XX
(? f ^ D5 ^ ^P O
VOLATILE Ale. GEOFFROY 1718 /\
GESSMANN 1906 ^ <yi„
SOMMERHOFF 1701 gives "~\-Q for volatile and "On/ for sal volatile.
VOLATILE ALKALI See AMMONIA
VOLATILE SAL ALKALI Ale GEOFFROY 1718 0^

DIDEROT. 1763 ^"A
See also AMMONIA
VULCAN Ast. The following sigil is given by THIERENS 1931 to symbolise

the Roman Vulcanus and the Greek Hephaestos as planetary principles in
astrological esotericism: O
VULTUR CADENS Ast. Mediaeval form for the sigil used to denote the
fixed star the modern alpha Lyrae, sometimes called Vega, recorded in
UERMETIS 13C;
2B1
I
WARM Ale. FRANCKLYN 1627 ^ SHELTON 17C X,

GESSMA!*N 1^06
WftSBOGA Mag. Sigii and name for spiric given by HEYDON 1664 to
represent the letter W in the secret writing called 'Alphabet of
Angels and Genii 1
; .
x $
WASH IN LYE Ale. GESSMANN 1906
WATER Qcc. The majority of the following sigils were undoubtedly

originally intended tc denote the element cf water, the principle of
liquidity, rather than the specific liquid now expressed by the
word.
BERTHELOT 18B5 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical tradition: X/
and one which, whilst appearing in the Greek forms, is probably
from the Egyptian : £V££*
ALCHEMY 1650 V J^W^ CROLLIUS 1670 *
V <<&$f
FRESNE 1688 ^^ ALCHEMICAL 17C *\/ J^l â/
SIGKA 17C W fc&& —~
SOMffllRHOFP 1701
DIDEROT 1763
J-
gg \D
^^V*NÂ8^V
\7
O GEHEIME 1785
GESSMANN 1906 ^ S«/ CAHB0NELL1 19 25 tjf
LUSUY 19 2 B gives in error; M<L
WEIJiIWG 17^5 records three specialised sigils, the first of which is
282
WAR-WAT
intended to show a 'reflection' of the higher spiritual forces (but

in tliH sutLt> text, the siqil is used also to denote common destructive
sulphur}: \?/ The second sigil is said by WELLING 1735 to
represent the 'invisible spiritual Water' , that occult water which
was supposed to have existed before the descent of Lucifer: ^/
The third sigil given by WELLING 1735 nay be confused with other
sigi Is, for example with one of the forms for ORPIMENT: n j?
Among other rarities, OLIVER 1826 gives the sigil /W\A as an

'Ancient Egyptian symbol 1
for elements] w-itor,
for common water, DIDEROT 1763 gives two variants £ ^ GE55MAMK
1906 gives three ^LOf Ha "^y^jas well as recording a sigil for
hot waters \y
For unsavoury water, GESSMANN 1906 gives the form: ^
KOCH 1930 gives the sigil ^7 which ir.ay be wrongly copied from those
given for the THREE WATERS.
SHEPHERD 1971 gives one sigil of circa 1400: -i. and one sigil
claimed to be cabbalistic i XJ~
Besides the sigils listed for the special types of Water set out below,
see also RAIN WATER and THREE WATERS.
WATER BAPTISM See THREE BAPTISMS.
WATER PATH Ale- GESSMANN 1906 gives the following sigils for the
Balneum Marine- f^Q Fs J^vV X^Jf "jf J^?
qQ
But see also GRADES OF FIRE.
WATER HAND PaJ. In modern chirognorcy, the sigil \A/ is used to denote
the male Water hand type, sometimes called the Sensitive hand, giver, in
GETTINGS 1965. The female Water hand is accorded the sigil:
WATER OP LIFE Ale. VALENTINE 1671 V Jf

ALCHEMICAL 17C \/
DIDEROT 1763 <[0
^ LUEDY 19 2B
SCHNEIDER 1962 §, rQ+- A/ ^ <.A^ ^V% fc
-ty
2fil
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETTC AND ALCHEMICAL STGILS
various recipes,
701 gives var
SOMMERHOFF 1701 and the following sigils: B
WATER OP MERCURY Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C ^4

WATER TR1PLICITY Ale. sigil recorded by (perhaps indeed devised by)
AGRTPPA 1510 to symbolise the three water signs of the zodiac (Cancer,
Scorpio and Pisces} of which the sigil is merely a rather obvious
amalgam: ,_ 1 ^ VL
Usually, in on astrological context, one of the common sigils for WATER
is used to represent the water triplicity, and DE VORE 1947 (for
example) gives Che form:
WAX Ale. WORLIDGE 1651 -f-

"0* VALENTINE 1671 1— =0^
STGNA 17C ~^~ SHELTON 17C )Z(
DIDEROT 1763 C ^ KOCH 1930 VT
See also VIRGIN and YELLOW WAX,
WAXING AND WANING MOON ASfc. Sigi ] given (perhaps originated) by KOCH
1930 in his somewhat personal collection of sigils: J~ —C
WEEK Ale* SOMMERHOFF 1701 records a mediaeval graphic system in

which QKB 9fBBK is £ TWO IfBBKS ]]> 2 THREE WEEKS ^XSl
and FOUR ??F,EKS: £>^
See also MONTH
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES For alchemical weights and measures, see page 320.
WHEEL OF FORTUNE Oca. WIRTB 1927 relates this loth card of the Tarot
pack to the Hebraic JOD, and accords it the sigils $£ s$ (3 the first
of which is the SWASTIKA, the last two of which are claijned to

represent the number 10, and are thus related to the symbolism of the
DECADE,
WHITE Ala. BERTHELOT 1885 records the sigil A^ from the Greek
??A
Oy
WAT-WHT
alchemical tradition. For the European forms, see ALBUM
WHITE AMBER Ale. SHELTON 17C ^*

GESSMANN 1906 G>S S fr*~
WHITE ARSENIC Ale. SHELTON 17C arrx> ^/ a qb a —

SIGNA 17C O—O
SOHMERHOPF I 701 4+* O-u £> 4P CM £j ^ (TTS. 8 ^^^ &*-
GESSMANN 1906 %+ $ ^ =*= (§ ^ ^ <r2Rr (^ ^b^ «o

SCHNEIDER 19fc2 ^) ^ -^<r *•? £^** KOCH 1930_?C
WHITE BOLE Ale. GESSMANN 1906 /% /%__
WHITE COAGULATE Ale. BERTHELOT L885 records Lhe sigil^/^ from the
Greek alchemical tradition.
WHITE CORAL Ala. SHELTON 17C ffi
WHITE LEAD Ale. ALCHEMICAL 17C

TGNA ~-T
7 DTDF-ROT 176: O-4-O ^
POISSON 1891 -4"- GESSMANN 1906 V^ ~ - V
LUEDY 1928 Xj KOCH 1930 fjf* "^
SCHNEIDER 1962 •-}- Cj-USf eR, —^T
SOMMERHOFF 1701 records the sigilsofr crb and records further for
cerassa; HH c^-^ -j%^ £+ "~Qr ~*7
^ %" ^^
i^*^
WHITE OF EGG See ALBUMEN.
WHITE OXIDE OF ARSENIC See WHITE ARSENIC
WHITE PRECIPITATE OF MERCURY Ale. GESSMANN 1906 77J
WHITE VINEGAR fllff. DIDEROT 1763 VV

23 b
DICTIONARY Of OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
WHITE VITRIOL Ale. ALCHEMY 1650 8 J2C ^J ^
WHITE WINE Ale. SOMMERROFF 1701 J& 7"s j} X! W \,

DIDEROT 1763 2/ ^S
GESSMANN 1906 c'ô ^V" 1
Jl
LUKDY 1928 j[ SCHNEIDER 1962 \A

But sen also WINE
WICK Ale. DIDEROT 17G.3

y GESSMANK 1906 ^l^J
WILL Occ. LEO 1914 gives the modern siqil for the SUN to symbolise
the power of the human will: ^'J}
WIND FURNACE Ale. GESSMAKN 1906 gives three slgils for the fOtn&X
portabilis: Q '"©-' E3
WINE Ala. ALCHEMICAL 17C <Q DIDEROT 1763 'A
GESSMANN L906 v^ '?) /*£ -^
BEHTHELOT LB85 records a sigil from the Greek tradition: "JV
CROSLAND 1962 records the Greek slgil for sweet wine: ^p

30MMERHOFF 1701 gives a number of variants, as follows:
VINUM V 4 ^ VINVH ADVSTUM '1®£ l§)
V1NUH ALBUM 7^ \A \P "& ^ $ VINilM CIRCOL/iTUH Q Q)
VINVH COCTt.'N \]/ VINVH CORRECTOR \/~-
VltoVH EMETICUM \£~ VXNtM HIPPOCRATICVH VH y/

VINVH LAXATr/VM "^ VINVH MEDICATUM \A1
VIMM MOHTUVH © '^ X^ VJflWff PVBPVN Vx
'/r,',7.'W S'JXLIHATUH ^ \-'
286
wiii-wou
WINTER OCC ALCHEMY 1650 TVt SHELTON 17C 1/1/1
SOXMEKHOfcT 1701 *fT ^^ GESSMANN 1906 _/^P ./^v^*
WISDOM oec. LEO 1914 gives the standard sigil for the MOON to
symbolise human wisdom: (S*
KOCH 1930 gives the sigil /\_ which is perhaps wrongly derived
from the sigil hermeticum.
WITHOUT WINE Ale . A sigil recorded by GESSKANN 1906 is no doubt a

short- form for sine vino: C-^V
WOOD Ale. SOMKERHOFF 1701 ^j^ ^t

GESSMANN 1906 Â C5^ o£> SCHNEIDER 1962 (?jfc,
KOCH 13 30 y
WOOD ASHES Ale. GESSMANN 1906 n=r
WOOL /lie- SOMMEKHOFF 1701 H£

T\ £
WORLD ARCANUM Occ. WIRTH 19?7 delates this 21st card of the Tarot
pack to the Hebrew letter SCHlN, and accords it the sigil of the CROSS,
or the 'primitive tau' -f- X as well as the SWASTIKA: |j^
Since the World card has within its design the four fixud signs of the
zodiac, syntbolised in the FOUR EVANGELISTS, a basic cross formation
may indeed be said ro underlie the design: however, this card is
graphically the reverse of the HANGING MAW, and should perhaps be
given the sigil: jlS^
WORLD OK INTELLIGENCE Occ . KIRCHER 1655 gives two related siglls for
the Mundum Intel ligibllom: ^j) vmTn
See TtiREE WORLDS
WOUND Ale. SHELTON 17C \X/X
287
WRATH Oca. Sigil given by TAW 1772 in connexion with Boehme's occult
system of symbolism "^7 which contrasts with MEAKNESS. A sigii
which is the equivalent is derived from Boehme's One Globe ( CO ) and
stands in contrast to LIGHT: J
But see also EYE OB' ETERNITY.
.'
jU
;
WRA-YEL
XYZ
XOBLAH Mag. Sigil for spirit given by HEYDON 1664 to represent the
letter X in the secret writing called the 'Alphabet of Angels and
*"'
Genii ;
|
YANG See YIN AND YAKG
o
YEAR Qcc. WORLIDGE 1651 FRANCKT.YN 1627
SHELTON 17C O— DIDEROT 1763 ((/§) fflC
GESSMAKN 1906 ~&~
LUEDY 1928 (V ve * ALBERTUS 1974

But see ANNUS PKIL0S0PH1CUS
YELLOW Ale. LUEDY 1928 records the sigils —^ V^> ^J for yellow ochre,
BERTHELOT 1835 records a sigil from the Greek alchemical tradition;
CROSLAKD 1962 records a Greek abbreviation: ^><[
YELLOW AMBER Ale. GESSMANN 1906 gives a short-form, derived from

the Latin succinium dtrinum: 5C SiC
YELLOW ARSENIC Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^T

YELLOW COAGULATE Ale. BERTHELOT 1885 records a sigil from the Greek
alchemical tradition: t:
v
;
YELLOW ORPIMENT Ale. GESSMANN 1906 ^j—
289
YELLOW WAX Ala, SOMMESaOPF 1701 £41 ; if ?^

1
V 7^ ^f"
-$- vi* -if
GHS3MANN 1906 —<V- o—|—o ^y" Y~ SCHHEIDBR 1362 y^p /^ ' /
.Shh also WAX
YIN AND VAKC Gcc. BLAVATSKY 1388 gives the sigils for yin and
yang* I M verticals, but it is more usual for theju to be expressed
as horizontals, even in Chinese texts, and in the translation of the
I CHHtG by WTLHELM 1951: and in an ancient sigil called
in Chinese t r ai ohi* the yin and yang are united in a circle, as areas
of 'dark 1
and 'light' respectively, each containing within itself a
seedling element of the other, in the font of a small dot: f v|

Thn doctrine underlying these important polar opposites is extremely
complex, but in simple terns, the yin is feminine, dark/ lunar , hidden,
passive a:;d receptive: the gang is masculine, light, solar, external,
active and penetrating. It is the interaction of these pciarities
which ure figured in the series of eight TR1GRAMS which underlie the
philosophy of the Rexagrriixnic sequence of the Chinese I Chincf.
YOLK OF EGG Ale- GESSMANN 1906 records several sigils, three of

which are constructed around the capital letter V, from the latin
viteJJus,- i
V *
y JM— F E
VSCiUEL May* Sigil for spirit (perhaps YasahieJ.) given by EEYDON
LG64 to represent the letter Y in the secret writing called the
'Alphabet of Angels and Genii';
ZACRARIEL Mag. Mediaeval sigilfi recorded by TH1THEYIUS 1503 for the

pianeLary ange] of Jupiter: _J? ^x. Ill
BARRETT 1801 uses similar sigils -or SACH1LL.
EAIN Occ. The 7th letter of the Hebrew alphabet {see HEBRAIC SCRIPT),
2y-
TbC
•vsan so j,iaids os T e aa s
V991 NOOAaH H^m."* hkmj l_A iTbts aaîoup ss/\t& I€EiT VddlHSV
[«oup, sp^ jog sit6ts -[PAaeppaa; o«q 3s>Afb S8ST 3KVHH *6e»« 13IHHZ
-©- 0861 1VN0SH3d '?fitf .0YIQ02
VIJAL ^>OS &PJXQ OTfpE JOJ
9061 NNVWSS30
@ 8O8T r
NOJ. Iva ^z S91T: xounaxc
\ OH 'IVÎKtfHJ'lV
m
oj)t DNIZ
pus? si@buv jc âqeqdxv, aq4 pîx^ 6uTqxJrt ôjods oqj uj <& Jd^di
aqq juosajidaj: 0-4 frggi KOQ&im Aq uoaj£> 'tVjJftfe e *oj X7&TE *J5ew 8V732
£v :sÂf5 osj© &99T N0UA3H
JO 3TJ^S fiUjITU aq^ joj IE5I VddlHDV ^q usaj6 sj (T fi T^ V«?TW* V
'iTitds Dfûemoafi 3iR *oj J739T NOaxaH Aq uâjB XT&TS *ob;) 1S2S2
'iJJ^ls pen^jooap, uaaq 3Ai?q Cft sapaddc paAtjap bem jrsa^x
&m qDTLjrt iao:r:j oxqdAxfioâTq ueiid^&a oqa 30 onjv/i j^TXO^Djd ûq. ^^©3
ux 'i«odBBAi jo pspx a^l W* L i^Z I z»l"4»l aq} jdi saoejq ©q

A5oxotuA^9 OTqdpj5 aqi jo ux&T*° a M^ sûxi pu* **ped 3.0 jvj, sqa jo pjieo
JiOlUVH^ aq*4
^>* :
W u*ez Kêtoosse iêx HJ.HTM
S£9T LZ2C710J-HVS Aq panoaxToa asoiW Aiqinou 'sqaqpqdxe lO-ZDOS

^J *^[ \^
:jo uotiTpejq aifl UTqatM udaiB 3.ie Gtuoj daxipax^P Au^tu qoxqa aoj
aaz-as*
' . . .
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. . .
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC flWD ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
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FLUDD 1617 Utriusque Cosmi . - .Uistoria. J?, FJudd, 1617 etc.
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FRANCKLYN 162? Mss, BM London, SI. 2792. Explanation of
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FREGOSUS 15C Mss. BM London, Ar. 88. Figura nativitatis (et)

Judicium de nativitate (de Campo Fregoso Cenuensis)
FREHER 1717 Mss. BM London, Add. 5789. Paradoxa, uniblemata,
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2yy
.
ZlBLTOGRAPHY
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GA3ELLA 1615 Secretioris Philosophize considcratio Brevis ,

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GAFUSUS 1496 Practica Musics. F. Gafurus, 1496.
GARDNER 190 3 A Catalogue RaisonnS of Works on the occult
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GASTER 1925 Studies and Texts in Folklore, Magic, Mediaeval
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GAURICUS 1539 Trattato d'Astrologia ludiciaria sopra 1c nativita
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GEHEIME 17B5 Geheime Figuren der Rosenkreuzer aus dem 16ten und
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GEHEIME 1788 Geheime Figuren der Rosenkreuzer , aus dem 16ten und
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GEOf'FROY 1718 A Table of Affinities between several substances.
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GQLDASTUS 1730 Ferum AJamannicarum Scriptores. 14. H. Goldastus,
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299
. . . .
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. ,. , .
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DICTIONARY 01' OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
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KOCH 19 3Q The Book of Signs. P. Koch, 1930.
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DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGZLS
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TRACTATUS 15C Mss. BM London, SI. 332. Tractatus de
con junc tionibus planetarum cum luna.
TRACTS 17C Mss. BM London, SI. 1734. A Book of Astrological
tracts from Bona t us , Firmicus, Hermes (etc.)
TRITHEMIUS 150 3 Mss. NB Vienna, Cod. 11313. Rec. 359.
Calendarium naturale magicum. 'Trithemius'
TRITHEMIUS 1503 Polygraphia libri sex. J. Trithemius, 1508.
TRITIILMIUS 1522 Do Scptcm Secundadeis — J. Trithemius, 1522.
TRITHEMIUS 1609 Philosophia Naturalis de Geomantia. J. Trithemius,
1609.
TRITHEMIUS 1650 Mss. A'L Edinburgh, Adv. 18.2.12. Steganographia
(and) Clavis Steganographia (after Trithemius) .
510
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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1972.
VIGNERE 15 86 TTOictS des Chiffzes, ou Secretes Manieres

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WAITS 1894 The Hermetic and Alchemical Writings of Auzelius
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WALTER 19 70 Die Symbole der Chemiker. W.W. Walter, 1970.
WALTHER 19 39 'Towards a Net/ Astrology 1

, THE MODERN MYSTIC, Dec.
1939. II. Walther (contr.) .
WELLING 1719 Opus Mago-Cabbalis ticum et Theosophicum.

G. von Welling, 1719.
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G. von Welling, 1735.
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ft. Wcimjss, 1927.
WEHYSS 1933 More Notable Nativities. M. Wemyss, 1933.
WHITE 1950 The Moon's Nodes. G. white, no date, but c. 1950

WHITEHEAD 1897 Three Books of occult Philosophy or Magic...
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W11ITTICK 1971 Symbols, signs and Their Meaning. A. Whittick,
1971.
WXLCZKOWSKI 1947 L'ilomme et le Zodiac. C. Wilczko>/ski , 1947.
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'circa 1880') .
311
. ,
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGTLE
WILSON 1820 A New and Complete Set of Astrological Tables.

J. Wilson, 1820.
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WINKLER 1930 Siegel und Charaktere in dcr muhantmedanischen
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1'Alchimie et la Franc-Maconnerie. 0. Mirth, 1931.
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WORLIDGE 1651 A Table of Chymical and Philosophical charectcrs
dated 1651, bound into a 1671 edition of
VALENTINE 1671. J. Worlidge, 1651.
ZADKIEL 1835 An Introduction to Astrology ... 718q21.

(n.J. Morrison), 1835.
ZADKlEL 1849 The Grammar of Astrology. . . Zadkiel, 1849.
ZIEGLERUS 1620 Pharmacopoea Spagyrica. H. Zieglerus, 1620.

7.URETTT 19 22 Alchemistica Signa. Vol. VIII CAT. DES MSS
ALCHIMIQUES CRECS . C.O. Zuretti , 1932.
.112
eit
'036T 3H0SJ.naa iikxij ^fcaxojqse u;taporo ut sxtBts ,

pjepireas i m
L
*6TST N0S1IM giojj ABoxojiqse uzapon uj .prepuces, pojapxsuoD sxtBts *9
m
S8LT KMVWDH39 taojj isxx ipotto^dt^-obu Aanqiiao qquf>B:m6*ta u\f "5
*
TOiT 3dOHH3WWOS wax$ stiBtb AzniUQD inuddmSia At-isa JO uoxôoxos V 'U
TS9T aOQTTHOM raojj 1ST! x^DTra^qn^^ Ajhûbd ipua9)UciA9s v *£
"DSX IJ.J-VNOH V Dfl 1V3IWAH0TV 'DPI HYIWONOBiLSV
*3£I A93ia mojj sjT fi T s loaTfeoro-iqsr? leAoetpam 30 uotaoaxos v 'x
;&j© sa^Tpuaddv oqj,

•hj&uoziOTQ sip trcnqxrt coxjqira x^ n PT A TPu T
aqq uj pQTpn^s sq Aem sxt^TS osoin TT^ u & siuptjda pUD saATjeAXJop
}stX*?xoodg *58iT NNVW^H3S jo scuog xôjujaqoxe-oau sin apTsBuoX* l^s
btq XS91 EDQIIUQM wcug SXT&TS "[PDiraipiP pasn Axûanbajj jo uoxqoox^s
V *036T ailOSXnaa jo sxT*TS lijapow aqq oq qBnoJtqq 'XEST VddlHOV "T
ssojd Buxûxad eqq Aq jpDSXJoqm*, suuoj qqiw pozedroco aq A*tn sqdj.iosmueiii
XBAapxpaiD jno3 iiiojj sxT^T s 3° sotjos v "sanrpq ujepouj oq. xeA3B7poni chojj
«ujoj auBâodoiT jo Jioqomu t? 30 q.u»mdoxaAap aqa jo rtSXA jBâirafi B SAtB

oq pouBxsop STT&TS jo suox'4^»t»s 30 ^htbuoo saotpuadde Butmoxxoj oqj.
saaipuaddy
SIISIS TVDTtf&HJlV QHY DIJtSWtiiHH 'JfltODQ JO AtiVNOIADia

~
APPEND! C&S
froo
RPPLNDIX J.
A selection of mediaeval astrological siglls
BONATTI ISC
DIGBY 12C, ASTRONOMIAE 14C, KfcCfflmiCftt 14C «
DIGBY l^C
J.IBR/.
ARIES 3°
TAURUS o\r\() SCORPIO
GEMINI Sagittarius
CANCER ° — capricorn
cxct-
aquarius
virgo ~n_ PISCES Pj^
ASTRONOH1AE 14C
ARIES LIBRA JL
<iy SCORPIO
TAURUS ©^
S/tGITTARIUS «ri- a^J-
GEMINI ^
CANCER CTp- CAPRICORN yft
AQUARIUS
LEO Cp
PISCES -%-'
VIRGO -t
ALCHYMICAL 14C
SATURN *y\ VENUS -?•
JUPITER MERCURY
MARS
SOL a=-
A LUSA C
BONATTI 15C
SATURN VENUS
MERCURY
>
JU PITt'R
5P 5
HAAS UMA
sot
<f* ARIES y taurus ^ amiHx o^ CANCER
LEO •YTf^yiRGO ^= LIBRA

^ SAGITTARIUS 7^ CAPRICORN
' s/w\ AQUARIUS
¥ PISCES
315
T
APPENDIX 2 A late fifteenth century selection of sigils from

AGRIPPA 1531
•v flri es Gojiius of Aries o5
tf Tdurus Gen US of Taurus

j
11 Gemini Gen j us of Gamini QSX
<Tg Canoer Genius of Cancer <&

a Loo Genius of Leo <ZS>
wp Virgo Genius of Virgo ^
''_
Libra Geni us of Libra W
"r/\j Scorpi o G&ni us of Scorpio ZSXt
-¥> Sagittarius Geni us of Sagittarius ^^

V AquariusCapricorn G&nivs of Capricorn
Genius of Aquarius
£7
<£>
X Pi sees Geni us of Pisces &

-h Saturn Genius of Saturn £>
u.
i
Jupiter Geni us of Jupiter ^
<T Mars Genius of Mars
p
Sun Geni us of Sun
£p
$ Venus Genius of Venus d
¥ Mercury Genius of M&rcury 2
c Moon Genius of Moon 6
Genius of Earth
7?
Genius of Mater o
Genius of F/re
\t
_„ .
Caput Algol r^ -oUl
K_J If i
Pleiades j,
U
\ \
M
| rj
»
&
Aldebaran A/° Hircus

X
Gania major %^~HK Canis minor
ll
T
\N*J^
Cor Looms MT1 Cauda ursae J J
Ala corvi xpica j-C *
316
:
APPENDICES
(APPENDIX 2 continued!
*
Alchamoth I
r x o Elphei a
Cor Scorpi *rf ^r^> Vultur cadcns

^
Cauda capricami
>€^n
Characters of Saturn; X. *£• *4Wj J^ 9 "vV
Characters of Jupiter: *W ^3 <^ 3- X -^ Jfi tC *3* V ^Xr}
Characters of Mars; '^^y —O 137 ^ /K
_( ""^7
Characters of the Sun: ^31 1rr^S*

r
\* £, LfV *I
Characters or" Venus -•
^-H? cj?~ 8 cT'
Characters of Mercury:
characters of the Moon:
**2£ <Sj^ -@ O—tff <
^N ^ g
*£}£ ^7 <^^--i P r_ \ ^Tv/^
GEOMANTIC CHARACTERS
Via I T
Populus: g ^^ ^ @
Coûnctio: E ^ JJ J ® © X S E
ffl I
Albus: 5g g£ J
Amissio: tb[Jl^^&a±)^Âd
Puo2ia: ^ ^ 1-- ^ ^7 T!'
^ ^ yY
Fortuna majori YQV
Por£ "na *«« ft 6 A A A 4 A
J g H S^
RuJteuff.-
Puer: ^7+ ^
^ 4^ 4-
ffa»l*it&» r] rp
^ ^ ? ^ £ * # S* <?
S6SA6
f
Loeti tia; L3
Career.- tÔÔ^^^^
Tristitia.- F^ £ ^V^
Caput draconis.- J yy V ^ Y
Cauda draconis.- _J_
X A A A. A
317
•
dtctto?;ary of occult, hermetic and alchemical sigils
APPENDIX 3 A seventeenth century alchemical List from

WORLIDGE 1651
A Table of Chymicall A Philosophical! Charecters with their significations

as they are usually found in Chymic&ll Authors both printed £ manuscript
Sfl fyrne ^^ - » *- ffaln&um Mariae n5

Lead *Jo* lyJ' /} Balneum Vaporis \B Mercury precipitate ^t \r-
^ x Bene "tri Mercury Saturni c£_^
Mercury Sublimate j5Lr\-^
Cali*r*4 zi&r& c- Hot* bunt* JSB

Calx M^ g *=n Jtost ^ 1 ^
Mars c.'x irim ^ T S=K CV Ola urn **a © 3-
*
Iron C'aJx ovorum ,3^- Praecipare ~\J"
o Caput roorfcuurw (v) •K- Pluvis

J? £ $ *
Sol 4- e a-
-^ CaKmontare z^ pulvis lata rum fevJ
Gould •A *> ^ Cera

Chris tall urn
-y~ V PuriXicare
Putrificare
V-?
V
r
Venus
9 f X B-fl"
^
c^*" _ "
Cinis "S C
-J-
Qu / n ta Essej] 1 2 a
-
C3?E ^
*Vx 1
copper ^ +3-* ^ O Cineres davollati Ip, Realgar X £S X

Cinafcax $ ^ *|-* flegulus fAntijnontf J ^ ^"*
Mercury 'c CoaguiurG £_i_ XX i?ctort^ 6'

^
(V- ?i
yuicfcsilver
l-L
«J Cohaldtio *— -O* Sal conwtunum T— © <? n K
3>
Crocus »Vartis ctf
>t
J" 5" Sal Alkali Q> ^
Luna
8U«»r
J2l ^
cr^ "S </]\
y
£ G V>
Crocus Veneris
or
AfiS us turn
£*al Ar/noniac >< ^^"
Crucibuium y ^ ^ Sal potra Ct-' $^

Aoetuffl X -V- -C CucfvrM t un? O & Supo ^
Ace turn distiilate ^tH Spiritus —'^ s;
V
Dies 6j d* o &
Acs -J" Digerere 5^ spiri tus vini ^ J>& A o<>
fler ^ Oi sso 1 v* re \^' J"

Strata super stratun? 5^5 5^f
^- . \i Distillare
Soiver^ ^
Alun#>n n "C v¥ Flltu£G
Subl 11*138 re —/^— * ^
Fimus bqu tnua

^
%
p
VRT StiJpfiur
$& % I $J
3iB
— '
APPENDICES
(APPENDIX 3 continued)
Aim us '
tZ? FZoguH ^
Antimaniuw
£ ^> Flue re ^ Sulphur Philosophorum >pt
Aqua 'y7 w& Gumna ? t£~ f Sulphur nigrum j^S
Aqua Fortis
Aqv& R&gis
v^
V5L
Hffira
zgni s
2g
^'X
£ ^ Tartar
Sa2 Tartari
g ^^ ^ £ ^T
Aqua Vit&&
Arena I t
V
4 V
6 *
V
*
V Ignis rotae /2^
Lapis Caliminaris
Âf
~\S\r
'Y'alcujn
Terra
\^
^7
Arsenicum * — J •* £ Lapis ^= TigiiluiTT ~V
JC He Lutarc .M Tutia ^gf
^ S* Lutujn sapientiae L-VL -#3 Vitriolum <J»- 9 °f~ 3'
Aur ichalcum A j>

Vitrun O- $
ViridQ aoris Qy
Auriplgm?ni ;ud? o^d s£ =-JteterJa X^ Uxirta <^ 0"+"
Ala trimoni uei ^
319
APPENDIX 4 A selection of early eighteenth ccncury sigils from
SOMMF.RKOFF 1701
EARTH V 4 D ^ -^ wflTEfl ^ ^ 3 o n- 4* V
ARIES "V' 7^ TAURUS $ 'XT
GLMTNT 7E S UH CANCER ^9
leo <~b <fh £h £1 vihco try TQz rp wv <£
LIBRA =^= SCORPIO TOj T£\_? TfK

A' >—V
C 3^
5AC;J7TAKX(/S *F J^ CAPRJ"C0RW "2r "îT (t! |( jf
NIGHT O / ^ C- TO" V^
C^3 c*^ 1
My a«k wic/yr of 3 I fill
WEEK E WQWTif Ei ClC iC^

@
O&
year t-f^— »-8-* @«3
sott -t„- c^S eO c=£ moo-v QJ I)
JUPITER
fy 4?_s
tt-O ^F 4 2| ^5 SATURN JX >t ^ W ^ "?^
MAR5 -f £, ^ </ ^ T
ALCHEMICAL WEIGHTS & MEASURES
One IShrum t If ^V> JTY X
Waif a 2i*rum tt/3 X
One f/ncia î F
Half an uncia yA
Drachma *>i
2Vo drachma "31J
Scrvpulus 34
Five scrupuli ^/
24 gran&e
^
Manipulus Hi"
Waif ma/ripulus Mb
320
i
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 5 An eighteenth century neo-aichemlcal list from

RFKCMANN 1785
ACIDS ALKALIS
-|- £^L vitriolic fîy pure fixed t/ogetafrie
-k (£ nitrous pure fixed mineral
-\-
O marine pure volatile
v5 aqua recti a
-^V acid of t'luor EARTHS
O-i-C arsenic ^Z ^ pure ponderous
-t- Xih bora x pure calcareous 7iroe
-+@ sugar pure magn&sia

-+**? tartar pure argillaceous
-(* <te- sorrel pure siliceous
H- C lemon
^/ wat&r
i"<TD amber vital air

sugar of milk rf-% p/iioyiston
ac&tous disti Hated a Matter of hât
_j_(^ milfc ^ suiphur

-|-^* ants @^ saline hep&r
-f @ fat SV spirit of wine
V^ phosphorous 2 aether
+•
Prussian Aluo % essential oi
unctuous oil
JL. Aerial
METALLIC CALCES
ij-J O SOld UJ ^ bismuth
^ J£G> piatina \v 9 ulckle
%7> silver y/o o arsenic
^ iy lead K
-\i £\ cobalt
v
4-
7
^? copper ^ <Q> zinc
antimony
^ <^l iron H? 7^
^2i_ tin ^ ^p mangvjneKf*
121
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL 5IGILS
APPENDIX 6 Sigils considered 'standard' in modern astrology from

WILSON IB 19
SATURN Yl VENUS Q PALLAS Q

JUPITER 21 MERCURY £ CERES ^
MARS ^ THE MOON (X. jojvo
THE SUN Q URANUS Jfl VESTA j3
ARIES °v° TAURUS y GEMINI 77

CANCER 0~^ LEO S\j
LIBRA :£= SCORPIO Tf\
CAPRICORN VJ AQUARIUS --Â'
PISCES }£
SQUARE D SEXTILE ^t\ OPPOSITION {£

TRINE A. CONJUNCTION O
DRAGON'S HEAD a DRAGON'S TAIL *& PART OF FORTUNE ($
APPENDIX 7 'Standard' siqils in modern astrology from
DEUTSCHE 19 BO
SATURN T\ VENUS Q jupiter 2l

MERCURY & MARS ^ wogw Tj
SUN G 'JRANUS rjt NLfTUNV Cp
DRAGON'S HEAD Jl
AR TBS °P TAURUS >X CEHXWi JJ
CANCER C~Q virgo TTp
LIBRA JX~^
r SCORPIO TV^
CAPRICORN ^ AQUARIUS ZZ1 pisces yi
-'/?.:
Index of Sigils
MY ATM TN CONSTRUCTING THIS INDEX has been to reduce a vast number of the
more frequent sigils to a formal classification which will facilitate
Identification, and thus supplement in a useful way the entries within
this Dictionary, Towards this end, I have reduced some 5,000 sigils to
small distinctive groups on the basis of a two Eold division. The first
division is based on a count of strokes comprising the sigils - a division
loosely allied to the character count favoured by the Chinese lexicography
- whilst the second division is based upon salient 'recognition features'
within the sigils themselves. 3y this two fold division a very large
number of sigils has been reduced f by a fair graphic logic p to groups
which may be presented in the space of approximately two pages - indeed,
in most cases, within the space of one page only.
My first division is in terms of character strokes. The sigils have
been divided according to the number of strokes {straight lines, curves,
circles, and so on) which give them their distinctive* forms* For example,
the following three sigils are each different forms for MERCURY;
323
—
A simple count of the number of strokes underlying these three forms
revtsals each slqil to belony to a different primary class, thus:
7n equals H ^ O which gives THREE STROKES
jji equals ^ O 1 which gives FOUR STROKE
^ equals w ^ O I
— which gives FIVE STROKES
A curved loop is counted as THREE STROKES, on the grounds that it
consists of an enclosure with two arms, thus: d

Because of this, a sigillic form for MERCURY such as W^ would be
counted as consisting of FIVE STROKES/ on the following basis:
^ equals \-J O <J— which gives FIVE STROKES.
In practice, one must be careful to distinguish such a 'three stroke 1
loop from the form ^f— which is in fact actually made up from two
strokes, one being a straiqht line, the other a curve. Similarly, the
'three stroke 1
must be distinguished from the form <**- which is made
up from the small circle and the curve, Lhus: c (_
What may at first appear to be a somewhat complex matter, proves in
fact to be very simple. Anyone who wishes to Identify an unknown sigll.
In order to find the relevant entry in the Dioticmai^y, must first count
the number of strokes from which the sigil is constructed, suppose, for
example, one wishes to seek the identity and meaning of the three sigils:
The first Aj*> consists of the constituents: / , n
i24
INDEX OF SIGILS
The second JK consists of the constituents: \ / ^ y^
The third J^=P consistG of the constituents: | ^^

Accordingly, one would therefore seek the forms (and hence the identity)
of each of these three sigils in the columns ranged under the prime class
Of FOUR STROKES.
By means of this prime division, only five groups are established-
It proved inpracticable to extent the Index beyond the limits of sigillic
forms constructed from more than five strokes. However, the very large
number of sigils included within such limitations require a further basis
of division to make them manageable , I have accordingly adopted a
subdivision based on salient recognition principles, which reduce these
groups considerably.
The basis of this subdivision is a recognition of the individual images
themselves- For example, if we examine once more the three forms given
above - A& \ ^T - we must observe that what they have in
common is a structure based on three straight lines producing an enclosure
of some form or other. If, therefore, we seek to identify these three
sigils, we need only look under the prime classification of FOUR STROKES,
and under the subdivision Three straight lines producing an enclosure, on
page* 379 and we should be able to identify these three forms. By means
of this identification it should be possible for us to discover the
corresponding name which will refer us to the actual entry within the
body of the Dictionary.
relates to OIL OF TARTAR
325
—
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC A.YD ALCHEMICAL 5IGILS
relates to LIME OF EGGSHELL
1-^=- relates to SATURN
Within the respective entries of the Dictionary, further information
relating to meaning, source, and so on, will be found.
This second basis of division, by salient recognition principles, has
led to the following groupings, alongside which i give here two examples
to help in identification of the class*
ONE STROKE
One line or point {page 331) *
TWO STROKES
Two straight lines (page 322) \/ ,X

*~m
One straight line and one curved (page 333) ^2 \~
Both strokes curved (page 3351 1/ — *•
Large circle and one stroke (page 338} © -
Small circle and one stroke (page 340} °^C
THREE STROKES
Large circle with lines inside (page J42) © Q)

Large circle with lines outside (page 343) (^j Q}
Large circle with strokes both inside and outside (page 344) 3> ©—
Two sfflaU circles plus stroke (page 346} \ * |
Three small circles (page 347) o oO d
One small circle plus two curves (page 343} <^^ ^V
Y/X:
/
INDEX OF SIGILS
THREE STROKES (continued)
One small circle plus one straight line {page 349) Jf >Q
One small circle plus two straight lines (page 350) /\ _p_
z-^~
Three straight strokes forming enclosure (page 351) /~±
Three straight lines forming open sigil (page 352) —i- - 1 \\

Two straight lines, in cross or T, forming open sigil (p-354) —^_
Two straight strokes, forming enclosure in sigil (page 355) ^ r
Two straight lines giving open sigil (page 356)
One straight and horizontal strcke(page 358) ,J

u
One straight and vertical stroke (page 360) ^4^ >">)
One straight line at angle (page 361) ^^ C^f^^

Curved* forming open sigil (page 362) Q /I
Curves with enclosure (page 363) T^j
FOUR STROKES
Large circle enclosing lines (page 364)
Large circle with three straight lines (page 365) 5

Large* circle with three lines (page 366) J^ 3
Large circle with lines cutting circle (page 367) y
Small circle with straight lines (page 368) \/No s<
Small circle with one curved stroke (page 369) j£- ^jo
Small circle with at least two curves (paqe 370) ^j^j
Small circle isolated within sigii (page 371) \j"
Two circles plus straight lines (page 372) &*
Two circles plus at least one curve (page 373) S/'9
327
FOUR STROKES (continued)
Three or more circles (page 374) c^-o 0/

Straight lines producing quadrilateral enclosure (page 375) Q /Z
Four straight lines, producing triangular enclosure (p. 376) ^r^ A\
Four straight lines producing open sigil (page 377) î<^ ^t\
Three straight lines incorporating enclosure {page 379) y> >Nr
Three straight lines producing open sigil (page 380)

J^
Twci straight lines with enclosure (page 382) ~~|" Q_~
<
C
Two straight lines producing open sigil (page 3B3) ^t'
One straight line with enclosure in sigil (page 385) ^V
One straight line with open siqil {page 386) ^T^ ^>f^
Curves with enclosure within sigil (page 387) ~^y& 2*^
Curves only (page 388) V?^ Q^P
ftvk strokes
Sigil incorporating large circle (page 389) Jv. ° ^~*
One large circle (page 391) KjJ Q

Small circle with straight strokes (page 39?)
c _)
Small circle with at least one curved line (page 394) °-\
Two small circles {page 396) *H4-e £ j
Three or more small circles (page 398) o^ -^S
Five straight lines forming trianqular shape (page 399) \V~ j^TsJ
Five straight lines forming quadrilateral in sigil(page 4ol) tj "\^

Five straight lines giving open sigil (page 402) -\= '\j
Five curves only (page 404) ^J^ O^v
^23
I
INDEX OF SIG1LS
FIVE STROKES (continued)
P
Four straight lines in sigil (page 405) V-^— \7
Three straight lines in sigil (page 407) /\ >^
Two straight lines within sigil (page 409) —Q— ^~£
One straight line in sigil (page 4lOj 5*1
329
^
INDEX OF SIGILS
ONE STROKE - One line or point
ARCHETYPES
UNITS
C CRYSTAL
LEAD
o EGG
ESSENCE
LIME ETERNITY
LADY POPE j
FIRE
MATTER
PASSIVE PRINC.
6 RETORT GENIUS OF WATER
GREATER WORLD
WATER
e WATER HERMETIC TETRAD
INFINITY
<? DUNG MANIFESTATION
ACTIVE MATERIA PRIMA
BODY ERECT G~ AM3RIEL NIGHT
JUGGLER ONE
ONE AKNIXILL OXYGEN
PRIMAL POWER
PLANETARY S. (D)
& SPIRIT OF GEMINI SOLAR SYSTEM
SUN
ai
r MERCURY & PLANETARY S. (C) THREE AIRS

UNITY
1
HALF D MOON VTTRIOL
l/
PHILOSOPHIC LEAD
C\ ALUM SILVER o ALUM
r\ ALUM
LIME OF EGGS! JELL
3 SOUL o ANTIMONY VITRUM
DISTILLATION ARSENIC
CTO DISSOLVE
9 DUNG
S CHARACTERS OF EL
PLANETARY S. (C) GUM
(J~5
PLANETARY S. <S) SAND
FIMUS EpiJTNIJS VENUS
J~L. LEO J> LEO «
SOAP STONE PLANETARY S. (S)
GU PURIFICATION
a
<J\ T.EO VITRIOL
<j~k CAPUT
Q LEO 2
•\, LAPIS
LEO o CHRIST
,_j
iJlp LEO rî SATURN

o CHALK
Q> CHALK
w
t_) SOUL o ABYSS
AIR • LADY POPE
[_) PURIFY AKASHYA
ALUM • EARTH
\J ARIES ANTIMONY VITRUM
BLOODSTONE
1/ SUMMER CUCURBITA
CUPELLA
(•J
**
PLANETARY S . (O DEATH
331
A
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SXG1LS
TWO STROKES - Two straight lines
y ABIES V EARTH
y ELEMENTAL WORLD
MARCAS1TE QUATERNARY SESQUIQUINTILE
OIL OF TARTAR SALTPETRE
PLANETARY S. (C)
TARTAR
SULPHUR — AIR
TALC
TAURUS I [ LADY POPE
CREATION VINEGAR
CROSS
MARS
VTTRUM
WORLD ARCANUM
+ WHITE LEAD
SALTPETRE
TAU J? WINE
TINCTURE
X" UNCI
QUINCUNX
PLAKFTARY E. (C) T ANGULAR
J. AQUA FORT IS |__

CADENT
IRON
AURICHALCUM PLUTO
CHAOS PLUTO- LOWELL
CROSS SEMI- SQUARE
CRUCIBLE
DISTILLATION I— SLOW HEAT
ELEMENTS
EUCHARIST INTEGRITY
FALL OF MAN
FOUR ELEMENTS ^> FIRE
HERMETIC TETRAD
MANIFESTATION / EGGSHELL
MATERIAL WORLD
OCTONARY CHARACTERS OF EL
ORPIMENT
QUATERNARY ~7 CRUC IBLE
TEHKARIUS MELTING POT
VINEGAR OIL OF TARTAR
VITRIOL VITRIOL
WORLD ARCANUM WHITE VITRIOL
~Y CROSS / EGGSHELL
SEMI-SQUARE
4- CROSS
SEMI-SQUARE
—\- characters of el.
— | PLANETARY S. (D)
X a:k
CHRIST PHLEGMA
CROSS
Y
CRUCIBLE \ SKILLET
ii2
— I
INDEX OF STGILS
TWO STROKES - One straight lino and one curved
INFUSION ANTIMONY 2i- PLANETARY S. (D)

~f~'
q PLANETARY S. (D)
W CALX
AQUA FORT IS
D- AES USTUM
' CROSS
SMOKE
D -p- ANTIMONY
«B- BOLE
\\J AMNTXIEL —37 PLANETARY S. <D>
CALX GSM IN
CALX MLTALLORUH "M VITRIOL ^7 BOILER
ETERNAL DARK
U^ CALX MLTALLORUH V FIRST PLANETARY S. (D>
PLANETARY S. (S)
/Tt SILVER % ALABROTK
'\_T SALT
&
^
LEAD
SALT
/T MOON
a- URINE
(£ MAKE P CEMENT
CALX
MOON
6 CROCUS HARTIS -£" CALCINATE
C CRYSTAL
9- AES USTUM -^- SPIRIT
Wj LEAD CROCUS VENERIS
O CAPRICORN
h SATORN
FURNACE
VENUS
" r
CAPUT
/ TARTAR
-6 CINDERS PLANETARY S. (C)
y SATURN
~^~ SILVER ~~
T~ CUPELLA
n SATURN
j^ta
2) MERCURY 7~ SPIRIT OF SCORPIO
/. P1ANETARY S. (C)
3 MOON METAL
<£ CINNABAR
^ CROCUS
19 CAPRICORN } MOON
MERCURY SCRUPULUS
SAFFRON t'LOWFR DISSOLVE
SALT
-f PrANFTARY 3. (C)
WHITE ARSENIC
-f SUN ^_ SOAPSTONE
d crliattve potency
onu
BU f PLANETARY S.
RETORT
(C) O CALCINATED TARTAR
SATUKN PLANETARY S. (C)

—h p;anetary s. (d)
+^ PUGILLUM CANCER
f^j_ COAGULATE
£p WHITS LEAD -9 PLANETARY iJ • (C)
continued
133
TWO STROKES - One straight lino and one curved (continued)
v/l CANCER yS^ CALCINATED TARTAR
o PLANETARY S. (O £*? PLANETARY S. (S!
< ARIES J>C 2LECTRUM
• CROCUS VENERIS
*.
SALT
'
VENUS
0/ QUICKTIME
CA CALCINATE
^ TUTTA
^ SULPHUR
C PLANETARY S. (S)
w SPOONFUL
/ SILVER PAINT
cV CALX CUYMICUS
/ IRON
SILVER PAINT
Yj> CAPRICORN
/
NIGHT
ROMAN VITRIOL
1
x-'
Oi HISMAEL
KISHAEL
c/ PISCES
6>
A PLANETARY S. ID)
^0 DISTILLATION
< CINNABAR
$S)£ BRONZE
£ YARS CRUDE METAL
s MERCURY Cj'L PURIFICATION

C
G CROCUS MARTIi !
]J' PURIFY
PLANETARY S. (S) (^ DRACHMA

qS
CRYSTAL ARSENIC
*>
j^ PLANETARY S. (»> (~\ SALTPETRE
<yy DRY S^\j CAUDA
jy COPPER
HASMODAT
J>
V SALTPETRE
33<
)
IXDEX OF S1CILS
two STROKES - Uoth strokes curved
~"l?
SPIRIT OF TAURUS f^ PLANETARY S {D> ?7 PLANETARY S {C.
REDUCTION
2j capricorn SILVER l>/ T.EO
TIN
y REDUCTION
SALTPETRE £_y CHAIN
2
JlP
LE0
CALCINATED TARTAR
WINE fp QUINTESSENCE
REDUCTION ALUM
(j\j
SAVIOUR
(5n PLANETARY, s. (S] f\f\J ALBUM
")~^, WHITE WINE
£ PLANETARY S. (C) Cy^j V,lRGO
2^J CALCINATE
f PLANETARY £. (C) r SILVER
^7 SCRUPULUS
& LIXIVIUM 1^ TAURUS
Pf) EQUINOX
PISE ^ SAL GEMMA
PLANETARY E.
Q PLANETARY S. (S)
CC)
r SPIRIT OF VIRGO e
)6> \J\l PLANETARY S- (D)
<J PLANETARY S. tct)
"Z1 OIL OF TARTAR t J]f SCORPIO
RED SULPHUR /O PLUTO
*\Q LEAD
ARIES ijj J SILVER
'Y'
CREATION r^D PLANETARY S (U)
CROSS O w
-
UAHALTFr.
JUPTTER /"> LIGHT
9
MELTING POT
MERCURY
MOON ^ CAPRICORN
MONTH Q VIRGIN , SUAPSTONE
JKj lTASON Y) LAP IP ALUM

Q__^ DISTILLATION
d BCLL
BORAX
fl LAPIS HOUR
JUPTTER
"y~[ PLANETARY S. (C)
O^, VOLATILE PLANETARY S. (3) ^2*] PLANETARY S. (C)
VITRIOL
[^ PLANETARY S. (Si f?\ EYE
/5 BASHQDAI MUTABILITY
to OMEGA
^ LEAD i^ PLUTO
£ MOON
£ HALF'-DRAGMA (JS ASBESTOS
€s PIANETARY S. (C;
3!i5
TWO STROKES - Both strokes curved (continued;
3 SILVER
X PISCES
REALGAR *P
COPPER
^
JJ SILVER SILVER
£ LEO
/T ASHES
CINDERS X A LUMEN
DUST
PLUMEUM
G3 MARS
NOON PISCES DROP

ORPTMENT POUND <1
FLUX
POWDER MOON
fV MARS SOAP STONE
CAPRICORN
^} SCRUT'ULUS
3>
^f
ALUM
BORAX
t GEMINI
n^f ALUM CINNABAR

£ SALT
CAUDA FEMALE
PURIFICATION FORM SILVER
SPIRIT OF LEO MOON f
<?}J ALUM
TARTAR MOON INCREASING
MOONRTSE
QUICKSILVER
X NTGHT
GENIUS OP FIRE
SOUL
OS
>^ PTX TOPAZ
T GRADE
SAND CUPEL
3-^j AES USTUM
CROCUS VENERIS £ ARSENIC
BORAX
TIGILLUM
HATTER 6" LEO

C_3 PISCES MOON
^~*
TIN MOON DECREASING
SILVER y LEO
^ DECOCTION
GRAIN
WISDOM
3
LEO
PISCES t=> APAS PLANETARY S. (C)

GOLD «s
Jl EBULLITION MOON 9' SIGIL
PHILOSOPHER
3f CALX METALLORUM SEXUAL ENERGY OUNCE
CAPRICORN SILVER tf*
HANAEL WATER P1ANETARY S. (CJ
MATERIA PRIMA n>
MOON s=* WATER
PISCES
PLANETARY S. (D)
QUICKSILVER
^ PHOSPUORUS
z8 .2
Ô
PLANETARY S. (C)
REALGAR
SAL ALKALI
% CHARACTERS OF
*
EL.
T i
PUCILLUM
WARM iyvi PLANETARY S. (C) d BOLE
3£ PULVERISE (ji_^ COAGULATE ^ PUCILLUM
336
INDEX OF STGILS
TWO STROKES - Both strokes curved (continued)
Z> LEAD
PUG1LLUM
A DISTILLATION
SILVER
% HOUR
*XP CALX HETALLORUM

a KEDEMEL
W AIR a KEDEMEL
{JV CALCINATED ALUM /3 HALF
^\. POUND A SALT
^V MARS 'c' TAURUS
^Q CAPRICORN Y) SATURN
2^ MELTING POT <S SUN
\K/'
r
SOAPSTONB
^_£T* CANCER
0) CANCER
r*"
PLANETARY S. (S)
<~~> TAURUS
*-v- TAURUS
L TIGILLUM
SAL TARTAR!
DC
y
"^ CALX
QUICKLIME
(fj
SULPHUR
J"L GLASS
^^ VITRUM
£D FIRE
RECEIVER
J)
$ POPULUS
£ SAT. ALKALI
137
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC A%D ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
TWO STROKES - Large circle and one stroke
©- SALT —Q- ORPIMENT GLASS

REVERBERATID OIL
_Q OLIVE OIL SAL GEMMA OIL DISTILLATE
SALT OIL OF TARTAR
Q AHF.NUM SALTPETRE SALT
AIR SANDARAC
ALCALTCUS SPIRIT OF WINE
EARTH SULPHUR CINNABAR
ELEMENTS
HOLY DEITY Q_ GLASS ALUM
LIGHT
LILITH
MANIFESTATION
(V) ALUK
SPIRIT
^ TAURUS
MARCASTTE
MOTHER NATURE
MOTION (3> MOTION K BORAX
PLU70 IRON FILINGS
SALT £f PASTE LUNA F1XA
SILVER QUICKSILVER SAL GEMMA
SPIRIT
THREE EARTIiS SALTPETRE y> SALT
STAGNATED TAURUS
S) VERDIGRIS VITRUH
M MURIEL
O ACIDUS
AZOTE
Q Albums
CINNABAR ry GOLD
DIDO COSMOS POTASH
MALE ELEMENT ESSENCE
ORIGIN
POTASSIUM NITRATE
EYE OF GOD
HYDROGEN
£ SAL ALKALI
SALS ITER INFINITY _,Q CANCER
SALTPETRE JUGGLER
SPIRIT
THREE WATERS
MALE
MANIFESTATION
& M:M
PERFECTION (£. ALUM

FLOWERS OF BRASS POTABLE GOLD SOAPSTONE
PRIMAL POWER
© IRON SUN
SUN ARCANUM
Qj SALT
MAKCAS1T2
SALTPETRE
THREE PRINCIPLES Q SOAPSTONE
VITRIOL Q DEATH
OBIIT y
ALKAL-
AQUA REGIS
SVOKE BORAX
? DECADE CASSIFI.
cb
SUN CINNABAR
BOHAX ALBUMEN COPPER
CTRCULUS DUPLEX CRYSTALLISED VFR
SARTH COPPER HAEMATITE
339
TUDEX OF SICTLS
TWO STROKES - Large circle and one stroke (continued)
Q MARCASITE (£) MOON

MINERAL SALT
OGDOAD (^) PROJECTION
PLANETARY S. (C)
PLANETARY S- (D) Q___j PLANETARY S (S)
POTASH
PRIAPUS TAURT (?) ALUXEN PLUMEUM
SAL ALKALI
SAL GEMMA
TUTTA
Q CRYSTAL
QUTNTILE
VERDIGRIS SOAPSTONE
WATER OF LIFE
WHITE ARSENIC ££) MARCASITE
WHITE VITRIOL SALTPETRE
CXD INFINITY Q, SUN

OGDOAD
OPPOSITION 'TO CRUDE METAL
v- BRONZE
O° KAURIENS PRIMUS
SIDUS FORTUMAE CONCH
Oc PRNUA SCORPION IS £ TAUHUS
p MOON
<e SOAPSTONE
(£) CALCINATED GOLD
GOLD
339
)
TWO STROKES - Small circle and one stroke
<]> GLASS </* SUH DISTILLATION

f~)
l
LEO
i ANTIMONY 6^ BURNED ALUM
DAY Ci LEO
CROSS
r DAY iT CHARACTERS OP EL.
1
J) LEO
DISTILLATION L
i
SALTPETRE SALTPETRE
VERDIGRIS t \J PLANETARY S. (5!
9 CHARACTERS OF EL, / LILITH

MARS
P GENUINE SULPHUR
MELTING POT MERCURY LEO

NIGHT OIL OF TALC
I
VENUS SALT
QUINTESSENCE o COPPER CALX

*J fe
DEATH CHARACTERS OF EL
SMOKE EARTH COAGULATION
SPIRIT
jj ALUM S~ ">
RETORT
.s> LEO
P KTGHT ^p DAY
/ ARSENIC ARSENIC
U>
J HOUR SOLVERE
r SAL ALKALI
-?
r\ LEO
\ NIGHT BOLE
Cj
1 DISTILLATION
O NIGHT ^j ALUM
VERDIGRIS "2 WHITE VITRIOL
"a DISTILLATION
© CROCUS MARTlS
"3 LEO
^ DISTILLATION
SAT. GEMMA
0- CONJUWCriON SILVER
O CONJUNCTION Ij ARSENIC
WHITE ARSENIC-
DAY S\J CAUDA
VITRUM ARSENIC
"}_/> FIRE
© COPPERAS SOOT DUNG
O — PLANETARY
i S. ( S fb DISSOLVE ALTUMH
U LEO
rf CONJUNCTION SOLVFRbl o HAURIENS SFCUNDUS
DAY
(_j o ANTIMONY CO PREVIOUS SY?.YGY
GENUINE SULPHUR LEO
MERCURY C? ARSENIC
MO
TNDBX OF SIGILS
TWO STROKES - Small circle and one stroke (continued)
8 OGDOAD
WATER
<=> CAPRICORN
<Xls VINEGAR
y MAGNESIA OF GOLD
<r» CAPRICORN
TERRESTRIAL
i
s\ SAL ALKALI
SALT OP KALI
COBALT
A
V MERCURY
TAURUS
Q EYE
TTN
"o~ DISTILLATION
BONES
c_ MYRIAD
O CORNUA ARTETTS
O CONJUNCTION
2 SILVER PAINT
e—^ EARTH
£ C-OLD
S 0CCULTAT10N
£// LEO
'Ml
A
7HR3E STROKES - Largo circle with lines inGicte
@ VEGETABTLTA
e EVOLUTION
MINERALIA
Q LEAD
@ EARTH ORTGIN
TAU
(?) PLATINUM
(^ AHENUM (G) MYSTERIOUS PLA.

£D AKIMALIA
(+) SPHERE SOAPSTONE ^) SAL AMMONIAC
VEGETABIL1A
(T^ CRYSTALLISED VER, (*>) SAL AMMONIAC
ALUM ^L^ GENUINE SULPHUR
CALX VERDIGRIS Q MARCASITA AUREA
CAPUT MORTUUM VITRIOL
CREATION VITRIOLIC ACID (£$ SEPARATION
CROSSWKEF.T.
CRYSTALLISED VER. £F) VITRIOL *^) GOLD
DEATH
EARTH ££) COLCDTHARUM (T) WHITE VITRIOL
FALL OF HAN
FORM (T) CONJUNCTIO AGATE
HERMIT VERDIGRIS
MALE AND FEMALE --MM
MAN 1FE STATION (J) CONJUNCTIO

ORTGIN
PARS SODA
QUATERNARY
ROSY CROSS OIL
SULPHUR
VERDIGRIS
VITRIOL
Q HONEY
CROCUS VENERIS
Q3 SUBLIMATION Q SILVER
ALUM (T) STAGNATED

AMTSSIO
CAPUT MORTUUM (ty SUN
CHRIST
DEATH (5) QUICKLIME
EUCKARIST
FERMENTATION THREE AIRS
MATERIA PRIMA
(T) SALTPETRE
ALUMF.N PLUMEUM
ANIMAL I £) CAPUT MORTUUM
ATLANTIS
CROSS (v) SODA
EARTH
3.42
INDEX OF SICILS
THREE STROKES - Largts circle with lines outside
3
& DIGEST CROCUS VENERIS <
MINIUM
yjj REALGAR ARSENIC SUBLIMATE Q, ETHERIC

TAURUS
/~Vl- COPPER FLOWERS OF BRAS.
£} TAURUS
*— ^ DIGESTION LITHARGE
MARS
SOAP STONE VENUS pyy scorpio
THING Q-4- I'AURES ~(*~£ Sftli AMMOKXAG

5 =
TAURUS
(~\ —j RETORT oQ par as 3
PRIAPUS TAURI
s REALGAR Q, ,
CHARACTERS OP EL, VITRIOL
VTKEGAK Q—K DAY so RED OR PI MF NT
ANTIMONY Q-Q AURIC11ALCUM 0£J AUTUMN

FIRE
BORAX
CINNAEAR ("V-£ SAL GEMMA
EARTH
"
VITRUM 1 LOW
O™
FORTUNA MINOR
JUPITER 7*J
DIGEST
MARS
THREE FIRES CALCINATE O QUINTESSENCE
VENUS ? DAI HON RED ORPIKENT
ANTIMONY REGULUS
COBALT RED VINEGAR
RON GRADES OF FIRE
<*:•1ARS Q^ SUN
QUICKLIME POTASH
VENUS SEN
Q* MARS
AIR MARCAS ITE
ry^ crocus r-iARTis BELL METAL
ANTIMONY
COPPER
FEMALE
8 CINNABAR
FORTUNA MAJOR Q LETUM SAPIENT-

ANTIMONY VENUS
VERDTGRIS EAIMON
LEO
CARCER CROCUS VENERIS

SALT VENUS
CROCUS VENERIS 9 p:-aneta"<y s* (C)
343
THREE STROKES - Larga circle with strokes both inside and outside
a> SUN
LOETITIA
CD LITHARGE OF GOLD
OIL
? TIN
LEAD
tf
GOLD CRYSTAL QUICKSILVER
^ ARMENIAN
/fS
EARTH
BOLE TRTSTIT1A MARS
(£ VERDIGRIS MARS
^ SALTPETRE
X MAGNESIA O EARTH
C0
n
PASTE
^ SALTPETRE WHITE VITRIOL WHITE VITRIOL
(D HALF OUNCE {
c^ CALCINATED ALUM CALCINATED ALUM
>K EARTE
MONTH
f§ SAL. — | SALT
SAL GUMMA CD SALT 0— QUICKSILVER
YA TAURUS Q, Kiir.PHTTR ACID
V WAX
G4-
NITRIC ACID
^ MARCASTTE M
M CROSS
(B- COPPERAS
(5 CALAMINE T*^ HAEMATITE THREE WATERS
PARS VITRIOL
(5 DIGEST SALT WHITE VITRIOL
zodiac:
Hp CALCINATED GOLD
Q) VITRIOL
^CALX
PARS ^
NrX" CALCINATED TARTAR
PARS
VERDIGRIS
(^-> VITRIOL
^6 PISCES VITRIOL
ffij
($- ARMENIAN BOLE
(*\ PLANETARY S. (S) VERDIGRIS VITRIOL
-
3D— '
O COPPER 0^ HA MALI EL
Q£ CROCUS VENERIS
Q) ARMENIAN DOLE OIL Q£ ORPJMKNT

-r ASHES >T
MORTAL ADAM
DOLE /j/ ANTIMONY
CALAMINE
CINDERS M PASTE
^0^ ROMAN VITRIOL
FIRE HAKT1 —(^- CINNABAR
MENSTRUUM g/ OLIVE OIL
NITRE GLOBULES «-©"" FORTUNE
SULPHUR SPIRIT OP VIRGO
VENUS
^£^- ARMENIAN BOLE
3-1-1
INDEX OF SIGILS
THREE STROKES - Larye circle with strokes both Inside and outside (cont.}
/Ts ALUM
VITRIOL
f~~\ COPPER
^-^ PURGE
Q— t,
AES USTUM
@£ COPPER
OIL
MOON
cyz sun
CINNABAR
£^ BORAX
^2^ ARSENIC SUBLIMATE
J45
— —
TURKU STROKES - Two small circles plus stroke
1
AES USTUM
ANTIMONY u ARIES
NODE
5>
oo
VERDIGRIS
ARSENIC PURIFICATION GLASS

CHARACTERS OF EL. REALGAR
CHRIST -0©- SULPHUROUS MATT]
COPPER FTT.INGS C_9 A3CENDTNG NODE
NICCOLUM <5L> QUICKSILVER
OPPOSITION O^J- OLEUM SANS ART
PLANETARY S. <C) "S MERCURY
WHITE ARSENIC J> PURIFY
WHITE ARSENIC
<=: DISTILLATION V TAURUS
COAGULATION
PLANETARY S. (S)
V CAPUT
ALUM
D WHITE ARSENIC NODE
SAL V1TRI
AURICHALCUM
BRASS
8 ZINC UNCIA DISTILLATION
GOLD
8 PLANETARY 5. (D) a b SOAP STONE OPPOSITION
SPIRIT OF GOLD RED ARSENIC
QUICKSILVER
VITRIOL
CAPUT
S DISTILLATION
BORAX
CTNNABAR
eft.
DESCENDING NODE
LEO
S ANGEL
IRON FILINGS
-s- CINNABAR
A LEO
s° ALBUMEN
ALUM
ORFIMENT
VITRIOL n JUPITER
SUBLIMATE s* WHITE ARSENIC
YEAR WHITE WINE
~5~* COAGULATION £~^) ASCENDING NODE

DESCENDING NODE
s QUINTESSENCE
g~0 CHARACTERS OF EL.

~g DIGEST
C\ OUNCE y* QUINTESSENCE
% .
SAL GEMKA
£~\ MERCURY SUBLIMATE £ SATURN
8S MERCURY SUBLIMATE
ARSENIC {$ WRITE ARSENIC
SALT bORAX
GLASS °^>_ CHARACTERS OP EL
Q_P PURIFY OPPOSITION
WHITE ARSENIC ®> SOU
<°5 BOLE VENUS
DRACHMA *- n WHITE AfiSESlC
OIL OF TARTAR AGATE
346
INDKX OF SIOILS
THREE STROKES - Three small qircles
o CORONA
MERCURY OF LEAD
$ CONCH
o AQIIA RSGTS
° ° ETHER1C
OIL
OIL DISTILLATE
OIL OF TARTAR
OLIVE OIL
SULPHUR
o o AQUA REGIS
° COOPEHTA
oo o WHITE ARSENTC
ooo CALX
CALX METALLORUM
•Oo WHITE ARSENIC
« BOILED OIL
* PEBBLE
<f?
MINIUM
$0 PASTOR
O* BRACHIUM
<S> TIN
347
THREE STROKES * One small circle plus two curves
=£ MAKCASITU <5^ LEO Og, LEO

MERCURY SUBLIMATE
^T spirit ^ APOLLO
aO CHARACTERS OF EL.
*y7) TAURUS °LEO CINNABAR
T REALGAR
SAL AMMONIAC
X 7 PURIFICATION
in LEO
XHOUR
IRON <? LEO
STEEL
LEO
•O
o—^ FLOW
eft SUBLIMATE
1
J> IRON
^
{
SALS ITER
tt FLOWERS OF BRASS
r*i DISTILLATION
l_J WHITE ARSENIC
\tfy COAGULATION
a APAMAS
AQUISITIO
O
^~Vi CAPRICORN
KjJ* CAPRICORN
*a
AQUISITIO
AMISSIO
y.
JjiT^ CANCER
'Y^ CALCINATED TARTAR ^ VITRIOL
^ LEAD
y CANCER
t~Y~* ARIES
j SUN
%p GENIUS OF EARTH
w AKASHYA
PLUTO
SPIRIT-SOUL
<r
\o OIL OF TARTAR
'"W CAPRICORN r PI.ANETARY S. (C)
3° ARIES
O-^ MALCl-IOAEL
LEO
°)C PISCES 5
^ CAPUT MORTUUM
DEATH
*3 TARTAR
o>> SCORPIO
348
INDEX OF STGIf-S
THREE STROKES - One small circle plus one straight, line
STEEL 2 O AUTUMN r PLANETARY S.

y<? (S)
CROCUS VENERIS } o PLANETARY S. (S) *s( SULPHUR

IRON
MARS 9—-o SPIRIT OF TAURUS 07^ ALL'MEN PLUMEUM
MERCURY
SPIRIT OF PISCES ^\ PLANETARY S. (S)
\>-*3 VINEGAR
O BORAX BOLE
\- —9 STAR
iJ
WHITE ARSENIC
ARSENIC
£ SALTPETRE SAL ALKALI
'4^ S^y* PLANETARY S. (C)

NEPTUNE O <. AES USTUM
GLASS ^~ SACRED
PLUTO PLANETARY S. (S)
<Q ARSENIC SUBJ.TM.

M NEPTUNE tff" DISTTL1ATTON
\T
<
ARIES
AES USTUM J" ANTIMONY FLOWERS
f °^\ COPPER
h l,-:al> ore —&- MERCURY
^X MARS
*jL AURICHALCUM ~gj TAURUS
BRASS
IRON FILINGS (D-o BOLE
^ RETORT
C^ SUN
O ARIES <O_"=0
ft* SAL GEMMA
Sfc. SALT f**\ CUCURBITA
/O) SATURN
J ANTIMONY HE PAR f°*\ ANTIMONY
nS ALUMEN PLUMEUM ^ 30LE
*—1 PLANETARY S. {S) y® T£AD

D
lo' PLANETARY S. (S) CALCINATED TARTAR
R SAND CUPEL ? TARTAR
~Q LEAP K CAPRICORN
M1NTUM
X
SATURN y^ AQUTSITIO
CROCUS MART1S UNBURNED SULPUUR
CROCUS VENERIS
x^ VENUS
VI -;
THREE STROKES - One small circle plus two straight lines
A CIRCULATING FIKE
POTASH
TUTIA
i PLANETARY S, (c:
SAL ALKALI AI,UM O—| 1

PLANETARY S.
CRYSTALLISED VER,
/£\ CARDINALITY FIXED CROSS n£ OIL
DRACHMA 7.0DIAC
i SAL ALKALI
o EGGSHELL ARSENIC SUDL.
PLANETARY S. (S)
MAKCASIT2 SILVER PAINT
ALUM
\y ALBUMEN
EGG YOLK
V s
SILVER
SILVER
SAL GSMXA CROCUS HARTIS
-\ o PLANETARY S. (S!
(X AURUM HUSICUM <f SPOONFUL

1 O DAY
jf PLANETARY S. (S: SULPHUR
o 1 DAY
~J~ POTABLE GOLD t$f SUN
- tt -. LIBRA
JUPITER ^ BORAX
4- i
ORIGIN _2 LIBRA
SAL'J'
CHRIST GBM1NJ
-f CHRIST
CHRIST
\
"t
POTASH
ANXH
CAPRICORN
^ CINNABAR
-f CHRISTEN OIL OF SULPHUR

ORIGIN
# AMIS SI
BILE
KU
SACRIFICE
CRUCIBLE TAO
VENUS
°\ WINE
CINNABAR
—u SULPHUR
SKILLET
SULPHUR MENSTRUUM
"J5
MERCURY ALUM
6
VERDIGRIS
+ COAGULATION
CRYSTALLISES VER,
PLUTO
T v I TRIM
DAY
SALT
350
INDEX OF SIGTLS
THREE STROKES - Three straight strokes forming enclosure
A AMMONIA
ARCHETYPES
^X SAL AMMONIAC
CREATION TT7 MELTING POT
CREATIVE INTELLECT ^ PLANETARY S. (C)
DESCENDANT PLANKTAKY S. (S)
EMPEROR POTASH
FIRE SAL AMMONIAC
HEAT TIN
HERMETIC TETRAD
HIGHER MAN -\-/ SPIRIT OK WINE
LIGHT
WEAKNESS Y IIOLY DEITY
MINIUM
OCCULT TRIANGLE _^y JISORDERSD INTELLECT
TEJAS
TERNARY y\- ALUM
TPIGONUM
TRINE
TRINITY
A ASCENDANT
COPPER
WISDOM
<£^- FIRE
< ALEPtf
SLOW biLAT LEO
^ SLOW HEAT y MELTING POT
^v FIRE A JUPITER
ills
A* SLOW BEAT
X SAL G3MKA
A *
DISTILLATION
MELTING POT
MINIUM
V CHARACTERS OF EL.
ELEMENTS
SKILLET
TARTAR
FOUNTAIN WATER TIGILL'JM
MALE ELEMENT
PHLEGMA
PLANETARY. S. (C>
X CRUCIBLE
SKILLET
PLANETARY S. (S) TIGILLUK
TEMPERAMENT S
TRINE
WATER
WRATH
V PHLKGMA
PLANETARY S (C)
N PIANETARY S (S)
351
A
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT f HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGHS
TERSE STROKES - Three straight lines forming open sigil
—1-1— MARCAS1TE \ CALAMINE Z JUPITER

SALT
JTL- AQUA REGIS CALCINATE TARTAR
-="" AQUARIUS
X AN I MALI i PLANETARY S- (D)
^=
-==
IRON
LEAD
ANTIMONY ViTRUM
PLANETARY E. (C)
PLANETARY S. (D) ^N VITRIOL
LUTA7I0N
LEAD
H AURICUALCUM
2 DAY AND NTGhTT
PASSIVE INTELLECT
3 DAY AND NIGHT
=
QUADRATURE o< VINEGAR
AQUARIUS -
1
L_ NIGHT >? TIN
J_ AQUA REGIS
"IT ARIES
* >> TIN
f
111 ACTIVE INTELLECT
F FLOW •fr
FIXATION
,-j- EARTH HAND
JESUS -f CHRIST -K SATURN
-±Z
WHITE LiEAD
CHARIOT
n NIGHT
SIJCCF.DENT
^ ATR
SAL AMMONIAC
HERCULES
MERCURY u_ TERRA LEMNIA vH
1
WAX
WHITE ARSENIC
WHITE LEAD 4^ TIGILLUM 7 TUTIA
MELTING POT OIL OF TARTAR

~T- PUER 4 7
-^r PLANbTARY S.
FUEL LA
IS) 1 i AQUA PORT IS
> WHITE VITRIOL
^ B1QUINTILE
H SAL ALKALI
7 ARSENIC SUBLIMATE
RED SULPHUR T CANE

> SALT
-\- CAPUT HOKTUUH TT SAL ALKALI *1 VITRIOL
-*^V air P CHARACTERS OF EL. L CALCINATED GOLD
-++" SAGITTARIUS
SEXT1LE
M SALTPETRE A' CRUCIBLE
T CROSS /" CROCUS MART IS

^ SAGITTARIUS TAD
v-^ SAL AMMONIAC
\
— \ BRASS VV IRON
PHLbGMA SAL AMMONIAC
;un BOKAX
V
>52
txdzx or SICILS
THR2E STROKED - Three straight lines forming oper. siuil (caatirtaeti}
* AMMONIA A VOLATILE
CliRTSTMON
FIXED STAH /X CROSS
PRAYER
SEXTlLE /X ALPHA
STAR
SUMMER SAGITTARIUS
->^- fixed star MARCASITE

sal ammoniac PUTREFACTION
STAR SAGITTARIUS
WHITE ASEENIC
IRON
y^ cross MARS
SAGITTARIUS
,X 1
NIGHT ^ SAGITTARIUS
s*
X\ CHBISTMON
~/\ QUINCUNX
4 PLANETARY 3. (S)
DISSOLVE
4-
~\y' CROSS SILVER
I EXPECTANT SOUL SUBLIMATE
LOVERS ARCANUM
PRAYER wr FURNACE
PYTHAGOREAN SlGIL * i
TRINITY - CHARACTERS OF 2L.

i
VAU * *
IL CHARACTERS OF EL
\y NIGHT
\ / COPPER
r CALX CHYMICUS
, AIR
_V-_ SSMI-SEXTILE
PLANETARY S. (C)
\f~ SEMT-SEXT1LE
^ COPPER
\A SULPHUR
X/ FIXATION
1 DESCENDING EALVA'IION
N
' PRAYER
QUINCUNX
A-PHA
351
THREE STROKES - Two straight lines f in cross or T, forming open sigil
-^-— PLANETARY
^ COPPER
MAGNESIA OP IRON
S. (S) ANTIMONY
MERCURY Jyp SAL ALKALI -\f- ACID

MERCURY SUBLIMATE
~[~-
NEPTUNE T1G1LLUM "to LEAD
QUICKLIME
QUICKSILVER ^3^* TUTIA ~fe^ ARSENIC
r SOAP STONE TUTIA
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yj
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NEPTUNE
QUICKLIME ~3 PLANETARY S. (S) -U LEAD
SATURN P SATURN
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QUICKSILVER t_j SATURN AMBH1EL
LEAD
3-t
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QUICKSILVER
"fj SATURN LEAD
JUPITER
* TEST ~T CALCINATE 5- CERES
TUTIA
.-1- AURICUALCUM CERES
PILGRIMAGE 2 TUTIA
PLUTO PLANETARY S. (DJ
TUTIA
PLANETARY S 2_L- AQUA FORTIS
JUPITER PLANETARY S. (S)
~y±- URANUS TIN
WARM :: QUICKSILVER
SAL ALKALI
*o
SAL ALKALI
TIN
* SAP
JT
y PLANETARY S.
RED WINE -\^_

URINE
SATURN
V
^
CALX METALLORUM
SUBLIMATE
hT CROCUS —\H ANTIMONY CHRIST TRIUMPHANT
"J,
CALCINATE -fcs LEAD NEPTUNE
^ SATURN
^C PLANETARY S. <D) LIME
LEAD
1 PLANETARY S. (D) SATURN CRYSTAL
^ AN1HAL1A —L^ SULPHUR CROSS
Vl
INDEX OF SICILS
THREE STROKES - Two straight strokes, forrainc enclosure in sigil
P
I— CKKIST JP SOLUTIO QUICKLIME
CROSS
~~
^ TAROK RETORT
p> DISTILLATION
^ MELTING POT ~F TAU POTASH
<2 TARTAR ^Ji SAFFRON FLOWER QUICKLIME!
'Y'
CRUCIBLE ~\j »IGHT 3 QUICKLIME
C—p* VINEGAR C£7 PLANETARY S. {D>

t QUINTESSENCE
*^2_ DULL FIRE ^ ZA2EL v^ STONE

UC-X. MERCURY SUB .
£JT MERCURY -A
:
AQUA FORT IS
VS MINIUM ,-—r^ QUICKLIME 9b SALTPETRE
\^7 MOON 7*: CINNABAR £) VERDIGRIS
y. SPRING -^- CHRIST 3- MAGNESIA

X/ VINEGAR ~~qf STE2L c3 VITRIOL
Y^ ROMAN VITRIOL ^ STEEL 35 CRYSTALLISED VER

/'"V CAPUT
—| nil
__
^) WHITE ARSENIC ^f- CRYSTAL ,
1 1
|i
^7 TARTAR V" POWDER û CAUDA

_i
*"*7* T 1P|!%
^^ MOON (Js, WAX A ALEMBIC
£_ CALX y\ YELLOW WAX -^ AQUA REGIS
& CALX METALLORUM yY LEO

f CHARACTERS OF EL
'
2£_ ALEFH <P^ MARS CINNABAR

/ V
3^ VITRIOL J:--— MARS 1) VITRIOL
— ^ SOAP STOKE ? SILVER PAINT
3? MOON CUPELLA
P LAMP ^^ HOUR
PLUTO
^\p HONEY
^ MOVING MAN
SAL ALKALI
SLOW HEAT
iV,
'
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AMD ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
THREE STROKES * Two straight linos giving open slgil
\*/ AQUA REGIS n__ LIBRA -VO MONTH

^ KENSTRUUM OU RAMOS
SPIRIT OF MINE SKY — If MERCURY
WATER OF LIFE SPIRIT
* j
SUBLIMATE Gr CANE
Y SPIRIT OF WIKF VINEGAR
1— CANCER
(y QUICKLIME JX
bBl
LIBRA
OMEGA
v_
CALX METALLGRUM
CV QUICKLIME
-Q
<
~^
SUBLIMATE I
1 7
SAGITTARIUS
Q/ MINERAL -SALT PLANETARY S. (D)
SODA
tsf/LEm e PHLEGMA
SAY
V 5
<r
YELLOW WAX
t*
DRACHMA
MARS
^H LIT3ARGS
'"V3 STONE MINERAL SALT 41- M2L7ING FOT

PLANETARY S. (C)
y~ REGULUS SAL AMMONIAC
i
MERCERY
SALT
\y FIXED
T*»
HOUR
o5 MICZ ARIEL |
V FILTER
PLANETARY S. (S)
"Va SAT I IRH
1
c5 s^
V' FIX SUBLIMATE
/V ALUM
€
%
STONE
OIL
K LAPIS
A ALUM CALX
/^\ ALPHA
9 HOUR y
> LIBRA
?
7 PLANETARY
% OIL
PLANETARY
y^-* PLANETARY S.
S. (C)
% OIL
j
1 PLANETARY
S-
S-
(D)
(S)
*Y^ ALKALI
{C)
^ OIL 1 * *
PLANETARY S. (C)
y\T MELTING EOT

d 1"
FLORF.S
^ PLANETARY S. (C)
/V' SUBLIMATE
ALUM L DAY AND NIGHT
PLANETARY S. (D) 1^ LUTUM 3APIENTIAE

—u— EARTH
PRECIPITATE ur PLANETARY S. (S)
<F
SUN
—rt— ANNEAL,
I ARIES <>T TARTAR
CALCINATE
^Ll_ MONTH .
1- HOUR
i~C
INDKX Of SICILS
THREE STROKES - Two straight lines giving open sigil (continu&rf)
w PTANETARY S. (S)
"\V
CALCINATED LEAD I CALCINATED ALUM
v° SALTPETRE **-* PLANETARY S. (S) V FIX
*n SCRUPULUS ^1 COAGULATION V FIXED
COAGULATION V VI ROD c= i. i
':
^^\. QUICKLIME
5 SATURN
COAGULATE
^ QUICKLIME
SUBLIMATE
c3
X-v PLANETARY S. (S) 2_j PLANETARY 5. <S)
S LUCIFER V SALT
PLANETARY S.
3f RECEIVER
$
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(S)
c\ FROTE OF NITRE PLANETARY S. (S)
<i/- FIX rg< VIRGO
^ VERCHISL K. WHITE ARSENIC
T
S*
SOAP ST ONE
SSMT-SEXTIIiE
^
q-
VINEGAR
SCRUPULUS
SATURN JUPITER
V-, IRON TERNARIUS
MOON MILK
\/\ SUBLIMATE Q HALF
JUPITER (? CINDERS
JUPITER *]£ ARIES
CKRISTMON LAPIS
CAPRICORN ^ MARS
ANTIMONY "}£ CRUCIBLE
—— ANISE X*" CRUCIBLE
357
c S
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILff
TIIHUU STROKES - One straight and horizontal stroke
yt SAL AMMONIAC -i- DUNG V- CROCUS MARTI
A
*Y" PISCES DC MINliRA 9t CALCINATE
-* */
MOON
PISCES
>- t CINDERS
VITRIOL
J PLANETARY S. (D)
SILVER PAINT JUPITER

W
-¥ MERCURY
X PISCES
L_ ALUM
VENUS
-£ HALF LITRE
D^
FfP
LEAD 3 f BISMUTH
COPPER -ff GEMINI
K PISCES MARCAS ITE

X TARTAR
K SATURN
DUST
¥ AQUA REGIS
ARIES
CALAMINE
7- TIN
-9<
PLUTO SAL ALKALI
9f SILVER SAL AMMONIAC
9£ EXTRACT
SPIRIT V TIME
SUMMER X ARIES Zt CROCUS VENERIS
ê ALUM X BORAX ~L, PLANETARY S. (S)

PISCES
PLANETARY S.
POTABLE GOLD
(C) A PLANETARY S. (S) £ TAURUS
SOAP STONE J~X LEO 6c POUND

THREE FIRES P
n- *
VIRGO h_ PLANETARY S. (D)
BEGS
*C PISCES EQUAL Jt MINIUM
MARS
P PISCES
J¥\ AUTUMN
MOON
n ASTRAL WORLD s
v- GLASS
l£- LODE STONE
M—
>
PISCES
AMEN
£. CALCINATED TARTAR
~f
^Xl
LUTUK SAPTENTIAF.
SCORPIO
PISCES
WAXING AND MAN.
3 JUPITER
* MARS
TIN
9C CAMPHOR 3 -Ct- MERCURY SUBLIMATE
CASSRIEL
3Z
> PLANETARY S. (S) PLANETARY S. (D) Lin ANTIMONY
Vi ZURISL
4 JUPITER
TIN
2_ AQUARIUS
iba
TNDEX OF SIGThS
THREE STROKES - One straight and horizontal stroke (continued)
"7"C ALUM 7 CAPRICORN
YELLOW "T ALUM
MARS _3 AQU AR I US
SAGITTARIUS
9- —W SAL ALKALI
SPIRIT
J7~"C ALUM
LUTUM SAPIENTIAE
M TIN
'—f\— VINEGAR
*% VIRGO
_p—u SAL ALKALI
U"\_ TINCTURE
PLANETARY S. (D)
SATURN
-4- SATURN
-f-v SAL ALKALI
O SALT
C^)- ANTIMONY
C_^C WHITE VITRIOL
(/f WHITE VITRIOL

PULVERISE
CC7~ NIGHT
TZO NIGHT
CO. IGNIS FORTIS
359
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMFTTC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
THREE STROKES - One straight and vertical stroke
1^ BORAX
CALX METALLORUM
FIRE
o4*ti«
^3 GYPSUM
^
hn
VIRGO
SULPHUR
"p LI BRUM ]^j BEELZEBUB MERCURY

I?
J)JC SAL AMMONIAC Tt DECILE
V MERCURY
DC
U>
:JORB
QBICKSILVER fr(, LEAD

^ SALTPETRE
SAL AMMONIAC
WHITE CORAL Pi. BONES
^ MERCURY
KIN I UK
j? BODY ERECT
RAIN WATER
POUND
QUXCKUHE p 30RAX
VAPOUR BATH
^fs YELLOW WAX
I
P CHARACTERS OF EL.
\ — > PLAN2TARY S. (S) TIN
^1 SATURN ~f^ RETORT
^ JUPITER 4^ COPPER
^D INFUSION
TINCTURE
Sp
I
SPIRIT
i
Jft S'JN
i
C SATURN
^~2L TAURUS
^t^ SATURN i
iy YELLOW
$__ PLANETARY S. (S)
Tv> YELLOW
J-^ CAPRICORN
C_J-i JUPITER
HJ JUPITER
"U/ CASSI3L
C -\ C PLANETARY S. (S)
V-Cj POrASH
*~^) SORATIJ
1 » î
(af]-" PLANETARY S. (SJ
"j> TAURUS m
q^ RLD BOLE
^f-^ CONJUNCTION
5£) DRAGON'S BLOOD
C-"2—J CALCINATE
360
-N&F.X OF SIG1LS
THREE STROKES - One straight line at angle
^7 CUPELIA rV^" ALEMBIC /^3 SANDA3AC

JUPITER
J^ ANTIMONY RETORT
*«-^
AKtiji.-M. J SATURN
/<? „ALGINATE ^) ZftZEL
'^P' PLANETARY S. (D)
(^ ZAZEL
2/t PISCES
,J5~* TARTAR
J
H JUPITER
'^/ VJt
REDUCTION
%l SOLVERE
10 BODY
J/ RED SULPHUR
t^XTARTAR
RED PREC. OF HER t" sal ammoniac
Jtf AMALGAM
Q^ SCORPIO
'"""-^S LEAD
SAGITTARIUS
l
Jt^" UUP ITER
X M INIUM
*> BOLL
MAGNESIA
COPPER
PLANETARY S. (S)
^2_ VEKD1GRIS
PLANETARY S. (D)
/0 BISMUTH
PLANETARY S, (D)
'yy SILVER PAINT
CRYSTAL
AV PHILOSOPHIC LEAD
SCORPIO
00 CUPELLA
YELLOW WAX
S pf V? PLANETARY S. (D)
[Jy> WITHOUT WINE

&*>• CAPRICORN
i_ TIN
PLANETARY S. (CJ
SAL AMMONIAC
i
*J% POUND
v
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' PLANETARY
CAPRICOEH
S. (C|
7V^ SULPHUR
7>, ' COAGULATION
"JV QUICKLIME ^-^ CAPRICORN
CALCINATED ALUM
52
V\ VIRGO
JE1
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HF.RMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL STGTLS
TERES STROKES - Curved, forming cpen aigil
CL CALX JUPITER PLANETARY S. (A)
C^ HORN CHRIST LAPIS
£_> JUPITER HONEV yARCASITA ARGEN.

SEXTARIUS
HONEY WHITE LEAD
PLANETARY S- (C)
PLANETARY S- [C} CAPRICORN
PLANF~ARY S- (D)
PLANETARY S. {C> g/S QUICKLIME
£jj CAPRICORN
*S/1__ PLANETARY S. (Dl ^)-i-- SATURN
—f^, PLANETARY S. (O
LUTUM SAPIENTIAE CALX CRYMICUS
C SIGIL
QUICKSILVER SILVER PAINT
Vyi MERCURY
PLANETARY S. (S) /? PLANETARY S. (D) CANCER
TO. HONEY AMBRIEL SATURN

SCORPIO
Ml/ SCORPIO
-3 CAPRICORN "5> SATURN
PISCES SEA
TlK GRADE
T<1/ SPIRIT OF WINS
J CALCINATED TARTAR *^} TERNARIUS
JUPITER J7 MERCURY
|l I PLANETARY S. (S) SAND CUPEL
C^- CALCINATS
rr; VIRGO DRACHMA
L^p VIRGO £ JUPITER

an EQUINOX
^
y
CEMENT
^
wi
CAPRICORN
WINTER
c£> CAPRICORN
VOLATILE
PURIFICATION
rÂ^| EAGLE
E^ TIN
ALUM
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JV" PISC3S is PEARL
HONEY
vT' TAURUS SUBLIMATED WINE
•^
S SAND
TIN
SALT
c? SATURN ^ PLANETARY
SALT
£ PLANETARY
SCRUPULUS
362
TNDEX OF SICILS
THKtiE STROKES - Curves with enclosure
s REALGAR ^\ TIN ASCENDANT
S~ ARIES ^^ PISCES JUPITER
r ARIES
COPPER
^ê pisces Ck SANDARAC
TAURUS C-^ PLANETARY S- <C) ^ DROP
^^ ARIES
7
'T^ PISCES Vv"! LEAD
•y5
ST JUPlTbk "
DISTILLATION
SILVER
TV! MERCURY
V SULPrJUK
VITRIOL
TIN
'"*g> SALT
^¥P JUPITER
M? PLANETARY S. IS)
V GUM
C
WATER BATH
Q-> SUFFICIENT
s^ TAURUS PISCES
~0 SUBLIMATE
V GL M ~~~G^ SALTPETRE
<^ PISCES
X3 PEARL
C?<^ CHRIST
*^R CALCINATED ALUM
(J*} PRIMORDIAL CIRCLE ^ SAL ALKALI
LEO
CAPRICORN __^ DISTILLATION
"Tj MOON
%1 BORAX \ DISTILLATION -^ white: vitriol
**$\ SAL GEMMA PISCES -3? SILVER
~^° MOON G)^ LUTUM SAPIENTIAL CT MOON
i^\ PLANETARY S. (C) [•'Jih'.CAiiiTL (£" MOON

r
^ 1 CAPRIC03N ^J? QUINTESS. OF WINE /*-? CAPRICORN
—^~3 PLANETARY S. (c; ^\r PLANETARY S. <S) OP SILVER
*"£ SULPHUR LIBRA HARCASITE

°y
V-S^ ALUM
^ TIN '*~*-jL CAPRICORN
9 AEE USTUM TIN O RB
cr^ CALX f TARTAR /^ SUN
Q* DISTILLATION ^b VIKEGAK J^— POUND

(5^ ALBUMEN <<
s
ASCENDANT -y3 TALC
363
Y
FOL.- STROKES - Laxge circle enclosing I in .-:-
EUCHARIST © VERDIGRIS
PASS
TALC
© VERDIGRIS
VERDIGRIS ® SQAPSTONE
CHRT3TM0K
© ATEANGR
POPULIIS
SPIRIT OF SALT
o PLUTO
PCTAKH © CAPUT 3KJRTUUX

SAL URIKAE
SUN
VITRIOL
HONEY
O SAL TJRINAE
(A) CORAL
© 3EATH
1GKIS ROTAE
@ CALX
BYSS
© VINEGAR
ABYSS
^) CINNABAR
PHOSPHORUS
(J)
COLCOi'HARlIM
jCT) AHEKUM
DEITY
tj C3RES
(V) Z1KC
(^ AWT 1 HON
@ SALT
(£) COLCOT11AKJM
(£) FROTH Of NITRE
LDBEStONE
-) EXTRACT
*f..j
J
INDEX Of SIGXZS
straight lines
POUR STROKES - Large circle with three
-<_>- BODY {ARTS

TIN
5. VENUE SPIR"T
*y T'JTTA
CROCUS VENERIS EVENING

IRON f") GLASS
COPPER MARS
GCI.J
AES USTUM
AURICHALCUM
% LITHARGE
PLUTO OH"? MAGNESIA
1
BRONZE CROCUS MARTI

COPPER CROCUS KARTIS
COPPER FILINGS
c^« RON ANTIMONY FLOWERS
CROCUS VENERIS MARS
STEEL GLASS
VENUS
WHITE ARSENIC VITRUM
CROCUS MARTIS
O-^ I R0N
MARS GLASS
BELL HE x AIi
STEEL
~Jj FLOWERS OF ANT.
BRAS
CROCUS VENERIS £ IRON
MARS Ot^ COPPER
LITHARGE OP SILVER
% tf ANTIMONY FLOW. <TT vitriol
DUET
£ POWDER
O AES USTUM Q -1- URINE
PRECIPITATE COPPER
PALLAS
VENUS
Q CTNNAPAR
KERCtmY
CROCUS VENERIS
~~\
SULPHUR
? ¥ *y CROCUS VENERIS
G) CROSS CROCUS VENERIS
DEATH -|~0~1~ ANTTMONY

5 CINNABAR
BLUE VITRIOL
GOLD MERCURY <J>+
6 -1-©+ GOLD
AURICHALCUM _Q_ VERDIGRIS
-?
S/Q NITRIC ACID iOj VINEGAR
OIL OP LILIES
y(V) NliRIC ACID
*q* DISTILLATION
VENUS
9 \_-@
/
CROCUS MASTIS
SALT -fG ACiL1
8 LEAF
SALT
9
« SALT SALTPETRE
:>£b
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCUVNSCAL SIGILS
FOUR STROKES - Large circle with three lines
rh "ARS Q UKANUS
(\f MERCURY Q VESTA
*4~ MARS Q VENUS

O STEEL
>-, ANTIMONY FL.
0~Z HARS
_Q AES USTUM
£j*- MARS
SAMAEL s
_j'- COPPER
Cj steel ^fe VENUS
P" CROCUS VENERIS CT^) GOLD
Qr CROCUS VENERIS cy MOON
2 CROCUS VENERIS £y SUN
V5 ELEMENTS O-^GOLD
"+" MERCURY
SPIRIT 1
•pr MAGTSTER OF CR
SUBLIMATED MER.
THREE WATERS _Q^ VITRIOL
5 MERCURY (^7^ FOUNTAIN WATER
V? MERCURY
f*\
MINERAL SALT
K MERCURY ^j? DUST

H MERCURY OF LEAD •^y SALT
<i QUICKSILVER 5? BORAX
^ MERCURY £U- URINE
Q-% MERCURY OF LEAD O•

MERCURY
(3 NATURAL SULPHUR
3CH" QUICKS IVLER

•+ ANTIMONY FTiOWERS
4- STEEL
*6b
4
INDEX OF SIGILS
FOUR STROKES - Large circle with lines cutting circle
ANTIMONY REG.
CiKNABAR
SALT
><f
TUTIA
GOLD FOIL ^
a? MERCURY WATER
ANTIMONY
& STEEL
O NITRE GLOBULES WHITE VITRIOL
"T" OIL OF SULPHUR "^ VENUS
SALT OF LEAD
"77 CINNABAR CRYSTAL
2)fl)
€»— PARS
*-£-* SPIRIT OF WINE COPPER
\-Q-{ ORPIMENT
©+ BLUE VITRIOL
-^71 FIRE HAND
SPIRIT $ SPIRIT OF TARTAR ^—' TEMPERAMEOT
rOl SILVER OIL ^

•*"
IRON
TALC
OIL OF VITRIOL
BORAX
^/7 YELLOW CALAMINE
2_0 BORAX
9Q^ LEAD ARMENIAN BOLE
t p-0 BORAX
•S TAU SALTPETRE
IT
gL BORAX
(Q — CALCINATED ALUM HORSE-DROPPINGS
^J^ CRYSTAL
-@- FURNACE
£ CRYSTAL
QX QUINCUNX
©W PURGE <$ AQUISITIO
QXm. QU1NTILE
-©"V PURGE & AMISSIO
C5—^ STEEL
IsTj ft it*
-
"Jt
"P BKrtiib QUICKSILVER
_ "0~] IRON
CROCUS VENERIS
©T- MERCURY
—©— BRONZE
^ VITRIOL % COPPER ^rt»
(jSf SILVER
"g ETERNAL LIGHT NITRE GLOBULES
2_lJ BORAX
©TJ VITRIOL MINUTE
^^Pn £§^ REVERBERATIO
*-? *-* VITRIOL SAGITTARIUS
£j GOLD
(J7 C AES USTUM NITRIC ACID
CROCUS VENERIS 55-' SAL TARTARI
RENOVATIO MET,
O 1 GREEK VITRIOL ^ ANTIMONY REG.
367
o B ! Y
FOUR STROKES - Small circle with straight lines
NA. SATURN AQ'JA FORTIS SAFFRON

A- OIL
£
X CLALCITE Z SAFFRON
P-
OIL OP TARTAR
*r MAECASITE
x" CRUCIBLE
GUM
^ i.
T— DM i SUBLIMATE T WEITB ARSENIC
1
*1
STEEL
PLANETARY S. (S)
y IKON
MARS
SILVER PAINT
\
>
-
—
O
ANT T HON
TAURUS
r o I
HERB
ktver S I SON
MARE
^ j
-Q-i SPIRTT
GEMINI
3 CINNABAR X ORMOLL H
VERJIGRI3
TT' CUPELLA MARS
,
SALTPETRE
TT POTAS LITHARGE OF S
</> M&LCaiBAEL
AL'JM CROCUS MARTIS
\r I MARS CT^° PLANETARY S. ;cl
<? ARMENIAN HOLE MORN TNG
URANUS \i/* MOON
LA? IS
-T
^f MARS SPIRIT OF VIRGO
X DISTILLATION 7 RON PLANETARY. S. (S)
J?
CROSS
FLOW ^ tf
WHITS ARSENIC
AKTIMONV
T~""° PLANETARY S. (fi.) iPlRIT OF CANCER
\^ SUBLIMATED AKSEN.
^l ^ CHARACTERS OP EL. ;£- T7ME
TIG1LLUM
-i- 3 QUINTESSENCE <£* ARSENIC
Li SKILLET
VENUS ^' SALT
z\ STELLAR INFLUENCE
%_ JUPITER
\ HOUR WHITE ARSENIC
^ ignis rcjtae
water
vj\RCASITE
ANKH
Z—X OIL CHRIST
CHRISTMON
-d- MA3CAST7R SAL AMMONIAC
3f,ft
>
INDEX OF SICILS
FOUR STROKES - Small circle with one curved stroke
yulCKSI_,VER
"t, WHITE ARSENIC \? CALCINATED HARTSHORN
*£""
CROCUS VENERIS S^ PURIFY
^ QUIC kuims:
—pr LEAD \^- c PLANETARY S. (C)
_I^ NEPTUNE
o -^> AQUA REGIS
—
A OIL DISTILLATE
MERCURY SATURN
JY SUBLIMATED WINE
5-
,J~,
PLUTO SATURN
pjK AURUH BUSICUM
..I.
/3> ÛICKSILVEK 1. SPIRIT OF ARIES

Qy CRYSTAL
^
T IK UK LEAD OF ANTiy,ONY
3 ° WHITE VITRIOL
J? MERCURX J 7 DISTILLATICK
"
o \\ SAL ALKALI
rt= POWDER \3 -'
QUICKSILVER
~5> REVSRBERATTO
5}^ SICiL, Q/), SATURN
— *»-o LIBRA
^ PIAKETARY S. (Sj >T ANTIMONY FLOWERS
,_Jte- VENUS
.^"P. PLANETARY 2. (C) "C^ ° SPIRIT OF TAURUS
*X" VITRIOL
© F AES USTUM y° WHITE VITRIOL
^9 LEAD
tr—€ STAR "t"-' ANilMONY FLOWERS
/// ROMAN VITRIOL
0-A> SOAPSTONE £ CROCUS METALLORUM
-O-J TIN ?T CROCUS VENERIS
Cj 5P.K1T CI' WINE ^-^ SATURN

l.ITHARGF OF STLV. —V~t~ POUND
|£X CAUDA HALF-LITHE
=^=o CAPUT ARIES
=P^B CAPIH A VENUS
_i 1 HOI"ASH ^LlP COPPER
~^}"~} MINERAL LEAD /*\°> CHRIST
J—? LEAD iXXIVXUM
.'69
DICTIONARY Of OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
FOUR strokes - Small circle with at least two curves
PISCES TAURUS
* a:-:ct.n"jant
oi° HOUR <

JLS CROSS \S PURIFICATION
CO ALIRICBALCUM "V^-O HAMALIEL O—*_/* PLANETARY S. (S]
S-' PLUTO ^ft-o Z.URIEL <r & LEO

\L/ CHRIST PLANETARY S. IS)
<>
Y> >
SILVER
-^- WATER \ ? e SPIRIT 01 LIBRA °\/" MYSTERIOUS PLAN,
J PLUTO ££T* PLANETARY S. (C) e/0 SCORPIO

^K URANUS "-P SOAPSTONE ^S^ GEMINI
POTABLE GOLD Si-/ P) MOLIBDCCHALC w Jji, CHRIST

J-fc
J^ SOAPSTONE ARTES
oA SPIRIT OF SUL. "?-i^ AMBRIEL

-A
(O) PLANETARY S. (D)
<
\\tS 1NTELLTGENCIES
'K MERCURY y> JUPITER

L QUICKSILVER
£\ TARTAR
MERCURY
TIN 2Jd JUPITER
T_SAL ALKALI <^<? URINE
I SCORPIO ? CUPELLA
PLANETARY S. (S) s^/S> DISTILLATION
SPIRIT OF CAPR. J~~^ CUPELtA
"7J-a REALGAR MARCASITA AUREA
VLT" SCORPIO SULPHUR
^—OJ planetary
1
s. D ^5 JUPITER
CJj BOTTLE J)
S^ BORAX
\T^ ODLD /- BOLE

IRON
RETORT MARS
370
INDEX OF SIGILS
FOUR STROKES - Small circle isolated within £igil
_e_
SPIRIT <T
T~g STONE
YEAR
^- MATTER
o CELESTIAL VAPOUR
SMOK
y,OKE C^— waiTE ARSENIC
VEAR
lQ± saltpetre
R OUNCE
UNCI A ona
o*v* SCORPIO
^ HI Hi:
CTNNABAR
l|o CUP ELIA
t MYSTERIOUS
* QUICKSILVER
URANUS
¥ PLUTO
LEO
»z.
Xc FIRE
^ TAURUS
ALUM
1. SOAPS TONE
A^° PLANETARY S. (S)
1 C CALCINATED TARTAR
o
<>5,-<, OIL OF TARTAR
/ q ^ LIBRA
i_Q v LIBRA
OIL OF TARTAR
"5 PLANETARY E- (C)
371
FOUR STROKES - Twc circles plus straight lines
/
P CANCER AKS USTUM a *• SALTPETRE
DAY AND NIGHT WATER
CUCURBITA WHITE ARSENIC
yV* CANCER %
AES USTUM C*=0 TKREB FIRES
ANTIMONY
DAY AND NIGHT ARSENIC CCZO WHITE ARSENIC
SALTPETRE BRASS
/ CROCUS VENERIS tf^ WHITE ARSENIC
dp DAY AND NIGHT POTABLE GOLD
ARSENIC
(f/ LAY AND NIGET BRASS &^P CALAMINE
HOURGLASS SAND
SALTPETRE SPIRIT OF GOLlS WHITE ARSENIC
a-— CANCER
SALTPETRE
SULPHUR # WHITE ARSENIC
PHILOSOPHIC SUL. 0|o ORPIMENT

i BORAX
Q MARCASITE
1
VINEGAR
\
/* ARIES
"^l
^
^) SRL TARTAR I
PURIFICATION H~ V1TRUH
RISING ^P^ SALTPETRE
TAURUS
WATER O? LIFE g ABYSS
LIXIVIUK
QB"\ CROCUS MARTIS
d\ ASHES OF TIN FLAVOUR
LODESTONE sptr:t B
KAtiNBT GO FKONS
SETTING &-&—\ CROCUS MARTIS
^> CAUJA C.KOCUS VENERIS
<^ COPPER o—(—o WHITE LE&D
<*$ LODE STONE o-j-o ACID
</b I.EO <^*£ REALGA1
0^6 calcinate jy ZiUNG
\ SUN- <yV ORMOLU
AQUA FORI IS HELIOTROPE

(ST
M2RCURY SUBLIMATE
QUICKSILVER DISSOLUTION
ORPIMENT
i COPPER RED ARSENIC
«e
INDEX OF SICILS
FOUR STROKES * Two circles plus at luast one curve
£/ PURGE « CANCER 3>) SCORPIO
ffV° ARIES (
£_s> CANCER a5-o CROCUS KARTIS
' ARSENIC JtoL
CORAL £3 CANCER Q LIME
^^ ARIES :
;^
CANCER
OP QUICKSILVER
£*9 SANDARAC 6'-? CANCER

MOON ARCANUM f Eli/EER
<\^~ PURIFY MYSTERIOUS FLAN.

<s* CANCER
vSiS CAUDA CRYSTAL OF SAT.
/^ ??
^^
9j-\_j> MERCURY
9_
CANCER
CRYSTAL OF SAT.
SU3LIMATED MERC.
*^~V SAL ALKALI ^ WHITE WINE
INTELLIGENCES 31
C/^, KOON FLOWERS OF ST.
WHITE LEAD REALGAR
C^-f CAPRICORN SPIRIT OF MOON a WHITE ARSENIC

MOON
SPIRIT OF SAT. nr SPIRIT OF ARILS
,f-J DISTILLATION DAIMON
"LP ALUM
si
^k .JUPITER MERCURY SU3L.
SUBLIMATE
/* 9 ARSENIC Q=0 TIN
£—*-^ i- x -
CO CATENATED TARTAR
Ti REALGAR
<§> THIRD 3YE
1ft PLANETARY S. {S)
r& CALCINATED TARTAR ANTIMONY
cO GANGER > ARSENIC
FURNACE
-Or* WHITE VITRIOL
6-J— rt
£5 B0LE
O^-o SPIRIT OF SAG. \ LLECTRUM
6 *5 CANCER
n FIRE s SILVER
^5 CANCER < \
T RED WINE
STONE
um
- -.-
6b SUGAR WHITE WINE

M 3°^
*
WHITE ARSENIC nI
J
bo CANCER ARSENIC
--^ SAL AMMONIAC MATTES. <C CAPUT
6^ DAY AND NIGHT */- PLANETARY S. (C) 5) CKYX
37 3
SCORPIO W WHITE ARSENIC
DICTIONARY 01' OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIG1LS
FOUR STROKES - Three or mere circles
HONEY
° - OIL OF TARTAR
e
0° SALTPETRE
SJ SAL GEMMA
g?_, BORAX
C TAURUS
o°^ DUNG
S*0 CANTS
P
O VIA
o
371
I
INDEX OF SIGILS
FOUR STROKES - Straight lines producing quadrilateral enclosure
EARTH POWDER OF BRTCK GEMINI

FIRE J>
FIXED STAR ORPIMENT GEMINI
FOUR-FOLD MAN M SATURN
HERMETIC TETRAD -P SALTPETRE
LOTIIM SAPIENTIAE
MATERIAL MELTING POT £ AQUISITTO
NATURE
PLANETARY S. (S) AIR
$ AMISS TO
PR I TB IV AIIRICHALCUM XX BRASS
SALT BRASS GRADES OF FIRE
SATURN BRICK DUST
TETRAGONUM
URINE
GEMINI
HOUR
W ALEMBIC
AUPICHALCUM
IRON
CH SALT LEAD
MARCASITE
# GLASS
GRADES OF FIRE
T II SESQU TQUADRATE STEEL
CALCINATED GOLD
ZINC
3 MATRIMONY
GEMINI ALPHA
CJ LTME OF GOLD A CALCINATED ALUM
MERCURY ASHES
OUTCKSTLVER CINDERS
4 ALUM
ANTIMONY CINDERS {=> LODESTONE

BRASS
CARCER GEMINI SAL GEMMA
HOLY DEITY q.
MATERIAL
SOAP
H GEMINI
HOUR
-¥r DISTILLATION
VITRUH Jq LEAD
# COPPER
H DUNG
FURNACE
GSM TNT
A TARTAR
HOUR
<^\, PLANETARY S. (D) VERDIGRIS
\ MELTING POT "77-

~^~
GEMINI
SATURN
\£> PLANETARY S (D)
GEMINI
li— TARTAR HOUR
t-T SPIRIT OF ARIES "'sV GEMINI

~^ WHITE LEAD
r/',
FOUR STROKES - Four straight lines producing triangular enclosure
4 CARCER
CROCUS MART15
-v WATER X PLANETARY S. (S)
LEAD
MARS V SATURN
_S" PLANETARY S. (CJ
PUELLA
SATURN V LEAD
SATURN
X PLANETARY S. (S)
SULPHUR
VINEGAR X COVERED POT V2 EARTU
A' WATER OF LIFE

4 PUER
^
^
PLANETARY S. (C)
LUTATIOK
A CAUDA PHLEGMA
HOUR
<& PLANETARY S. (D)
<h- SAL GEMMA
*
SAL ALKALI
A AMALGAM 7
_^s /
JUPITER
•A HERMETIC E1GIL -
GOLD
A ATP
*j MINIUM
1^ ATR
V EARTH
î- TARTAR Uî DULL FIRE

fe^ WHITE ARSENIC
V ATR
EARTH
£ CINNABAR
ELEMENTS
RAIN WATER 2T VENUS
1
WATER
*? 4i TALC
EARTH
P EARTH ^ TARTAR
AQUA REGIS
V" MENSTRUUM
A/
' ¥
CHRIST TRIUMPHANT
V WATER OF LIFE
TV RED VITRIOL
SEPARATE
Y CAPUT
/h PLANETARY S. (S)
^ AQUA PORT IS
CARCER
r
MERCURY
PUER
CROSS
^ PUELLA
iXJ
PYRITES
WHITE ARSENIC
-V EARTH
V EARTH
X CONJUNCT 10
HOUR
37f:
A S
INDEX OF SIGTIS
FOUR STROKKS - Four straight lines producing open sigi.
* CHRIST
FIXED STAR
SAL AMMONIAC
^H COAGULATION
CROCUS MARTI
PLANETARY S. {S. -$" CROSS PLANETARY £. (Si
SAL AMMONIAC DEVIL ARCANUM
SEXTILE PLANETARY S. (S)
STAR CROSS
STAR ARCANUM HARCASITE
WHITE ARSENIC HH LAYER UPON LAYER
IRON
JJ*_ CINNABAR CROCUS MAKTIS
EARTH liAND
A QUICKLIME
JUNO
2J£ TRON
MARS ANTIMONY REG.
J CHRIST
OIL OF TARTAR SATURN
T COPPER ORE
SAGITTARIUS
SULPHUR ANTIMONY REG.
TEMPERAMENTS
FIXED STAR
MERCURY OF LEAD
^4- PUTREFACTION
BORAX
PLANETARY S. (C)
CAUDA -+> AIR
A VERDIGRIS
CINNABAR
MARS
MARACSITE
7TC VERDTGRTS
SAGITTARIUS T7 CHARACTERS OP El
^ CAPUT
COAGULATION
MARS
z* CROCUS MARTI
3.
METAL
PLANETARY S- (Si
SAGITTARIUS
MARS
* NEPTUNE
MARCAS1TE
xX H-
1
SEXUAL ENERGY NEPTUNE
CONJUNCTIO
SWELLING
TUT I 3 PRAYER
CAUDA
VITRIOL h-
OIL OP TARTAR
PLANETARY S. (S>
3> WATER V WHITE LEAD
TIN
SOAP STONE 0>0
Sf JESUS
TV BORAX
CAPUT
i CAUDA
y2u£
^p
EGG YOLK
SAGITTARIUS
'A BORAX
BORAX
~| JUPITER "^"
SAL ALKALI V
s
QUICKLIME
-i- SAL AMMONIAC
~f SAGITTARIUS
377
1
FOUR STROKES - Four straight lines producing open siqil (continued)
o* VIRGO /Xk MERCURY OF LEAD <L GEM TNT
HH WHITE LEAD r~ TARTAR

X PISCES
LlJ-
TTT^ JESUS
SAGITTARIUS $ PYRITFS
>7 TIGJLLUM
B^K NT V
[.APIS H- DAY
"t CAPUT MORTUUM
L,
CHARACTERS OF EL. n
4
LirTATTON
h WATER
-E
AES USTUH
ASHES i
FIX •> CLASS
CINDERS V SEMI-SEXT1LE /^ HEAVEN

PLANETARY S. (D)
— J
CHARACTERS OF EL.
'
M t
JUPITER
t AMALGAM \
1
PURIFY I EOUR ELEMENTS DAY

1 QUATERNARY
ub LIBRA
J IRON
PLANETARY S. (DJ
L-Ll LIBRA TV HOUR
4J MARCAEITE
£- SUGAR
IH JESUS
FIRE
_nL
i
BORAX ~
JE
JUPIYEK VH HIPPOCRATIC Wl
SULPHUR
/fc\ MERCURY
MINIUM
SALTPETRE
SUB.
± SAI. GEMMA
:z_l ALUM
XX ALEM3IC
COAGULATE
VITRUM
T 1
PLANETARY S. (C)
V
^r* v
ARIES
OIL OF TARTAR An
AQUA FORTIS
PLANETARY S. (S)
PLANETARY S. (S)
VAPOUR BATH FA LODE STONE
y SWELLING
1
V"
AKTTMONY REG-
Ks PLANETARY S. (D) -Ft SATURN
< P1JLEGMA N? SWELLING
w MAGNRSIA
OMEGA
r- HOUR
i?g
INDEX OF SIGILS
i-'OUR STROKES - Three straight lines incorporating enclosure
TRINITY MELTING POT

£9 TUTIA
A FIRE
HERMETIC SIGIL
OIL OF TARTAR
¥ SALT
MARS POTASH
A. OIL Of TARTAR
4* CAPUT MORTUUM SALNITER
CIRCULATING FIRE 2fe
SANDARAC ALKALI
4- CAPUT MORTUUM
MINERAL SALT
CALCINATED ALUM LIXIVIUM CHARACTERS OF EL.
CIRCULATING FIRE AM13RIEL LIME OF EGGSHELL

SPIRIT OP GEMINI
STELLAR INFLUENCE <3 BRASS
ELEMENTS
AIR COPPER
ELEMENTS
ALEMBIC BRASS
SALT
CIRCULATING FIRE
QUICKSILVER
F7 SALTPETRE
AIR 3d SATURN
VEGETA3ILIA
/\o SALT SATURN
SAGITTARIUS
WOOD GLASS
PLANETARY S. {C
MARS
SALTPETRE
+8 DECOCTION
WATER UNITE
CHRIST
\/^ RATN WATER C1IRISTMON MARS
CROSS
S/7 AQUA REGIS MARS
PREPARE <>
\f*l RAIN WATER HOUR
DUST
%
^
HOUR
PLANETARY S. (D)
AQUA FORTTS H EARTH
BRICK
COPPER
OIL OF TARTAR
P PLUTO
JESUS
?"J CRUCIBLE
379
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HEPftETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGHS
F0U3 STROKES - Three straight lines producing open sigiJ
^ STEEL }^ ROSE COLOUR "^) SATURN
7? .SAGITTARIUS % TIN ^~y SPIRIT OF GEMINI

1
-H} SAL ALKALI «/TL LI3BUM 5 LI Mr! OF LEAD
$ 1
.
MARS "%" OIL
'
PLANETARY 5. y'D}
^ conjunction t/V CALCINATED LEAD r~^ MINERAL SALT
^ IRON
MARS
|jT
^•L
CHARACTERS OF EL. +b, PINT
^ CROCUS MftRTIS
7J~ L CHARACTERS OF
MATTER
EL.
OIL OF SATURN
CINNABAR
•Z IRON
J7 white WINE V^cD CASS ILL
SAL AMMONIAC
J
n__/ planetary s. (d; \ r SODA
CONJUNCTION 1
^-N BRASS -il- GLASS
PUTREFACTION
4^ SULPHUR NIGRUM 2 |[ SODA / -// IRON
^
j SALT 3t|_ SALT r2 SATURN
-y- PLANili'ARY S. (D) ~)| I STEEL 2-7~ SKULL
IRON ~}~i_
LITHARGE OF SIL. X^ SATURN
<3
PARS CUM PARTE \^ ° MONTH ^\/ QUICKSILVER
CHARACTERS OF EL. PLANETARY S. (C) H ?.-A PLANETARY S. (DJ
ALEMBIC =T—*~> PLANETARY S. (":) lO CALCINATE!: LEAD

3
ZINC U~T] ALUM pY CALX METALLORJM
AMALGAM "/^H MARS V~f CAPRICORN
MERCURY "^y FLOWERS OP LEAD £>^ TIN
MERCURY TIN 5T CHRIST
CALX "V SUBLIMATE

C AKN3AL
PLANETARY S. |S) ^_ ;
ALUM JUPITER
OIL OF TARTAR
PLANETARY 5. (C)
380
——
IfiDEX OF STGTLS
FOUR STROKES - Three straight lines producing open sigil (continu&d)
V VIRGO CALX ^ PULVERISE
^r STEEEi VJ CALX PLANETARY S. (S)
f
f
SCORPIO
V SAL GEMMA PLANETARY S. (C)
MERCURY OP LEAD
> LEAD
-ft
9
PLANETARY K. (S)
? MARS LEAD SALT CROCUS VENERIS

Z,
* BORAX "H' CALX
& .QUICKLIME
* MACKESIA
QUICKSILVER
K. SAL GEMMA / COPPER
SAL AMMONIAC FIX

V CALX
2^ JUPITER if PLANETARY S. (D)
ACID
-- -
AURIC HALCUM
^ JUPITER pf RETROGRADE
2E .TUP ITER — =- |JX

LIBRA
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DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGIL5
FOUR STROKES - Curves only
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FIVE STROKES - Sigil incorporating large circle
(J) CAPUT MORTUUM (ySl AIR HAND POWDER

IRON FILINGS
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PLUTO
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(7j MARS
389
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMTCAL SIGILS
FIVE STROKES - Sigil incorporating large circle (continued)
MERCURY CD VENUS
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'O-' MERCURY OF LIFE o-^J)—o VF.RDIGRIS
J2 MERCURY OF GOLD VERDIGRIS
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INDEX OF SICILS
FIVE STROKES - One large circle
© CALX COPPER TIN

(Ay WHITE ARSENIC CROCUS VENFRTS URINE
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STRONTIAN
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GAL GEMMA SPIRIT OF WINE

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VITRIOL
DAY
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PLANETARY S. tS) ELEMENTS 1 PLANETARY S fS)
AURUM KU5ICUM ELEMENTS OLIVE OIL
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URANUS VERDIGRIS CROCUS

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WHITE VITRI QL
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PLANETARY S.
SPIRIT OF GFMTNT
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392
INDEX OF SICTLS
FIVE STROKES - Snail circle with straight strokes (continued)
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WTNE
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IRGN RUST
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INDEX OF STGIhS
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OIL OE SATURN PLANETARY 3. (S)

A
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PLANETARY S- (S)
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FIVE STROKES - Three or mare small circles
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399
DICTIONARY Of OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SXGTZS
FIVE STROKES - Five straight lines forming triangular shape (continued)
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DICTIONARY Of OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
FIVE STROKES - Five straight lines giving open sigil
SAGITTARIUS £~T SAND <X/ CHRIST TRIUMPHANT
CASTOR OTL T__ TIN BORAX
SAGITTARIUS *T ZINC PUTREFY
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4, COPPER
<f LEAD
A" CROCUS MARTI ADRTCKALCUM

-H
CALX
QUICKLIME
SAGITTARIUS 1—J TIN
CROSS
71 MARS / LAPIS
^ SAGITTARIUS
IRON
•X
4j_N E
DISTILLATION
SKILLET
COPPER
ESSENCE
1
NEPTUNE
VT
BORAX
30RAX m"
CTtOSRS NT LUTATIQN
PUTREFACTION T"
U—
~~
CINDERS I\J SODA
COPPER i— POTASH
CINDERS
SULPHUR NT WATER
3
CTNDERS ALPHA
ASHES
ASS USTUM H 1
TIN CHRIST TRIUMPHANT
DIGEST /\/ CHRIST TRIUMPHANT

WIME
q," 1 TIN -^_ SAGITTARIUS
YELLOW WAX
j.
p| LAPIS HOUR
SALTPETRE
IZ3_ XARCASITE VENUS
CHARACTERS OF EL.
i
402
INDEX OF SICILS
FIVE STROKES - Five straight lines gtvinq open siyil (continued)
V WATER
IRON
TARTAR
TRINITY
KATTER VINEGAR
LIMESTONE VIA
v.INliBAL SALT BORAX
PLANETARY S, BORAX
2^
SAL ALKALI ANNEAL
x FIX ACIEL
DISTILLATION APADTFT
PLANETARY S. (S)
COPPER
^ CRUCIBLE
JESUS
ANTIMONY REGULUS
FT
TIN
SALT
EMETIC WINE
QUINTESSENCE
y^7<. DUNG
IX. LARTH OF LEHNO
POTASH
JJJ__ TARTAR
^t" TALC
J-
PLANETARY S. (S)
;.;::<
'
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, HERMETIC AND ATCHEMTCAL STGTLS
FIVE STROKES - Five curves only
'YQL^ V1RCO .TUP ITER

S€ -Zf QUICKSILVER
Ay* /
wry VTRGO
VTRGO
^ JUPITER
KINDLE
SJS
<i£
WINE
HAEMATITE
"WY^ VIHGO
<JvV SMOKE 5* SILVER OIL
'WP) LAYER UPON LAYER SMOKE

cCaj?
Tt^-3 SALTPETRE GRATN
fr*
VIRGO 6 PLANETARY 8. (C)
C/yT) GftLCIHRIEED ALUM -^Z" LUTUM SAPIENTIAL
"YYf CHARACTERS OP EL, MIDHEAVEN

^V^
'YvYV- * VTRG0 ^-^ COAGULATION
/-^' MAGNESIA 3—^ BORAX
A ,X COAGULAT T OK *3? PLANETARY S. fS)
-£g
\-> CAPRICORN
TIN
w** SALT
ALKANET
/*> CAPRICORN
£< MOON
^ CAPRICORN
MOON
X LEO
9S STLVER
^3£ MARCASITE
CAT-CTNATED GOLD
a-€ ALUUMEN
<H. ALBUMEN
SULPHUR
>d> ALBUMEN
TAURUS
L
cfo SPIRIT OF TAURUS
CAPRICORN
SCORPTO
> CHARACTER
WHITE ARSENIC
S1GIL
40<1
I
T&DEX OF SK3TT.S
FIVE STROKES - Four straight li::es I:: siai.1
—r^ BRONZE PHILOSOPHIC SUL. fT| HONEY

JUPITER
(_n—^ ANTIMONY CALCINATE URIKE
7
WHITE LEAD SULPBDR NIGRUM Q ALJI-l
^ GRADES OF FIRE BLACK TALC sal.

>;
EGG YOLK
YELLOW WAX f PHILOSOPHIC SUL. dALT.
SULPHUR LTî MEPHISTOPKELFS

LUTATION
N/
MOON DECREASING PLANETARY S. (D) — l-v FILTER
HOON INCREASING
MOON RISE
SILVER
X CONJUNCT 10
c
)D SEMI -SQUARE
WAX AQUA FORTTS SEMI -SQUARE

YELLOW WAX
RAIN WATER Ô SEMI- SQUARE
DISTILLATION
RAIN WATER T— HONEY
_i+3_ OMEGA
PIANBTARY S. (C) 7^",- QUICKLIME
MOON DECREASING
MOON INCREASING AQUA FORT IS •^ LIME
SPIRIT ABSORBENT EARTH W CASS TEL
SPTRTT
V ABSORBENT EARTH V* ASMODEL
Vtj-4 LEAD MEPHIfc'TOPHELES /_/ CASSIEL
GOLD <:OHABTTTO VITRIOL

Kr— PRECIPITATE AURTCHALCUM "tZ/i QUICKLIME
HORSEDROP PINGS «^> SUN JrC QUICKLIME
b SPRING A SUN W-* JESUS
"2^ CONJIINCTTO <y--W^ FILTER •7C TIN
yy LIXIVIUM i. PLANETARY S. fS) <—

f~" PLANETARY S. (s;
-6. CALCINATE IfJ

s CIRCULATING FIRE SAL AMMONIAC
DISTILLATION
SULPHUR *4- QUICKLIME
405
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT, IWRMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIGILS
FIVE STROKES - Fciir straight lines in slgil (continued^
V^L--'' SEASALT MERCURY TUTIA
J^ SEPARATE ANTIMONY yy^, SUBLIMATE
SILVER QUICKSILVER £_0 PUTREFACTION
VIRGO FIXATION P CHRIST

J(
SPIRIT OF AQU. WHITE LEAD ^7~V STEEL
JUPITER BORAX
4 ¥1 PLANETARY S. {D)
JESUS RED SULPHUR PLANETARY S. (S)
RECIPE RECULUS PLANETARY

3> S. <D)
SAL AMMONIAC MARCASITE SAL CEH.YA

C.
VINEGAR MARCASITE
l/*T* 7TK EARTH
^4_L CONJUNCTION AD ATI EL CALCINATE
rj~i
JJ. _ V.
MERCURY
CONJUNCTION
1 CONJUNCTION
OIL OF TARTAR
3 ARSENIC SUB.
SALTPETRE
MERCURY JUPITER SAL GEMMA
SAGITTARIUS SAL GEMMA
^J3- PLANETARY S MARS TV SAL ALKALI

~yA>~*"\ PLANETARY S (a: SAGITTARIUS PLANETARY S. (C)
PLANETARY S. {C| SAGITI'ARIUS

& EXTRACT OF COR.
3~t COAGULATE ULCER OCULUS
PLANETARY S. (C)
1 PLANETARY S. {S. SPIRIT
^
~\Z\ MINERAL SALT PUTREFACTION CHRIST
TIME
>£ l/' FIRE TRIPL.ICITIES '~)?\ ADKACHIEL
TAU
V U GRADES OF FIRE Or SOAP STONE
PLANETARY S. (5)
FIX C§\ VERCEIEL
406
INDEX OP SIGILS
FIVE STROKES - Three straight lines in sigil
REVERBERATING FIRE PLANKTARY S. (D) GRADES OF FTRF
SPIRIT OF SILVER ALUM 1* SPIRIT OF TAURUS
SULPHUR ALUM -2Tj PLANETARY S. (S)
STONE AMBRIEL PLANETARY S. (S)
ALKALI PLANETARY S. (C) POTASH

fr
RED IRON ORE OPAL POTASH
PIANETARY S. (A)
B BENJAMTNE FLOWERS CALCINATED SILVE
4- AQUA REGIS BORAX SELENITE
VITRIOL CAPRICORN FULL MOON

/
QUICKLIME VESTA PREPARE
I
v MOON ARCANUM PYRITES PULVERISE
AQUA REGIS JUPITER GEMINI
ANAEL RECIPE 2Xr BORAX
LEO PYRITES MARCASIT3
AMALGAM v-
UMMEE 2k. BORAX
AMALGAM SUN HARTSHORN
CTNNARAR PLANKTARY S. (C) FIRE
BORAX RED VINEGAR 2-2+. AUTUMN

FULL MOON MINIUM xJ7 CHALK
LITHARGE PLANETARY S. {S) PLANETARY S, (S)
LIBRA LIBHA MINIUM
COMPOSE PLANETARY S. (D) ptanetary s.

Jc^G) is)
'Z-f-y CONJUNCTION GRADES OF FIRE PTANETARY S. (S!
1 .fJ2 PLANETARY S. (C) O^^1- SU3LIMATF. PLANETARY S. (D>
'107
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT^ HERMETIC AND ALCHEMICAL SIKILS
FIVS STROKES - Three straight lines in sicil (continued)
NIGrlT
NIGET
V
^f
ST0N3
JUPITER
Q/) QUICKLIME
JUPITER
NIGHT P1.AMF.TARY S- (S) SILVER PAINT

r
ANNEAL EARTH FLOWERS
ALUM POTASH MINERAL SALT

i i
ANNEAL
TARTAR -4-
YET-LOW ORPTMF.NT
^ MARCASITE
MARS RETROGRADE
SEXTARIUS ALUKRJT P7.UMFUM

jjt
Be SILVER FAINT CINL'KI''-
PQTftBLE GOLD PULVERISE
COMPOSE DUKT
PAEX VINI bur^d alum
% LAPIS
LIMESTONE
IXR
I*n£>
NITRE
NOTA BENE
WOOD ashes rv| MANIPULE
V ASHES OF HARTS.
CINDERS
H; MIST
PLANETARY S. (D)
IT AKTTHOKY t*Sj F0G
CALCINATE
14-i~ NEPTUNE RORAX
MERCURY CALCINATED KARTSliORN
^tT CALX METALLORUM T. ITI LARGE
SULPHUR MARS
"2L kSTAR
7A! PURIFICATION-
4QH
—
INDEX Or SIGILS
FIVE STROKES - Two straight lines within sigil
~xT
WHITE LEAD ^r^ MARS
sr SUBLIMATE
—o PREPARE <-P MARS CEMENT
isr
TV GRADES OF FIRE
*0
.
<-^ SAGITTARIUS
$ DUST
-*-lP MICHAEL
PLANETARY S. (C)
cx* MARS
IRON
n JUPITER
MERCURY
J o? He
csb- SUBLIMATE
$- MARS REALGAR
^f LIME OF VITRIOL £- MARS

-S HOUR
ip
?
Vf
COPPER
CAPRICORN 1^
STEEL
44 STEEL
^3 CAPRICORN
£>
SCORPIO
PLANETARY S. (<
r FIRE
PLANETARY S. (C)
v^ CAPRICORN ^-ru) SCORPIO

*? GREEN
v^ CAPRICORN
V FIREPROOF
j
1 f
r
i;r,v
CINDERS
* BATH
Ofr AQUA REGIS
j
â CAPRICORN
m CORONA X>o CAMPHOR
ALKALI
? BISMUTH * SUMMER
-£-t_ CHARACTERS OF EL
&
^ MINIUM
V SULPHUR VIVUM
^ CAPRICORN '
SALT
T+ SPIRIT OF WINE
^ CASSTEL U_rr/ WHITE LEAD

*r VINEGAR
^ WHTTE LEAD
% PART
^_ SUBLIMATED WINE
v# VIRGO
%
H
PARS
-f
RAPHAEL
< SUN
PLANETARY S. (S)
&
PARS
JUPITER
*
¥1
CROSS
MINIUM
U-/D SATURN fr MOON 0*^ SCORPIO
>x PLANETARY S. (D)
37 TARTAR
^ TIN
40a
DICTIONARY OF OCCULT f HFRfttTIC AND ALCHEMICAL SICILS
FIVE STROKES - One straight line in sigil
^* SAGITTARIUS WASH IK LYE ^-V^- CAPR ICORN

•fb Ef
(^^Y ANKEAL CHARACTERS OF EL .If- AURICHALCUM
£\j PLANETARY S- (C) QUICKSILVER 7 RECULLS

•X ("v--
-*^^ CAPRICORN VIRGO J><y MELTING POT
^/Jo CAPRICORN
F- PLANETARY S (C)
Jfy* CAPRICORN
TO<r,
PREVIOUS SYZYGY
r^ TAERUS -7) SUBLIMATED WINE
£}
'
TTN /#t POWDER
^y-* SUBLIMATE -^ SAGITTARIUS

V SALTPETRE CTNKARAR
P 5S
JK WATER
M PMOKF
C,"
r>'-'
ryj
REVSRBESATIQ
e SKULL
root TOV07 ATHANOR
Rj RETROGRADE c£ TAURUS
R<?
y
\y~
RETROGRADE
VAPOUR BATH
PUGILLUM
^
?-lty
sr-
PLAN71TARY S.
VIRGO
PLANETARY S.
(D)
(S)
£( P TKREBINTB
|
g — c-
PISCES
(Jvp PARS CUM PARTE #» C0PP2R
^T-. PLANETARY S. (C) TARTAR

f
J*r
^-y\ JUPTTER PISCES
>x-
Vh^ ORPTtfFNT
3-^ POTASH
«
,
"M /planetary 5;. (c> GUM
^"X^ CAPRICORN ^- POUND
-110

J J Benítez - El Papa Rojo

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What is the purpose and scope of the dictionary?

What is the purpose and scope of the dictionary?

What types of sigils are covered in the dictionary?

What types of sigils are covered in the dictionary?

Dictionary of Occult,

Hermetic and Alchemical Sigils

ROUTLEIXIE & KEGAN PA[TL

London, Boston and Henley

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

When the wise men of old (whom we call in tho

CROLLluS, De Signatures, seu vera et viva

anything may be a symbol of anything else, provided that an analogy is

mediaeval bestiary could take the apparently absurd symbol of the

entry under ORIGIN), for which adequate bibliographic reference is given

to this possible graphic etymology, from the initials MV (Maria Virgo),

a way that it will be valuable to both specialists and general workers in

or hermetic texts, ancient or modern - for historians of the occult, for

astrologers, for those interested in the 'history of ideas', for art

endeavoured to use the sigils recorded by specialists in a wide range of

astrology, or the history of astrology, may well be surprised to discover

sources given alongside the presentation of the sigiis.

practical astrologer, or interested in the history of the subject, without

language at once arcane and cosmic, reminding one of the definition of ..

symbol given by HAASE L975 as 'essenfciaiJy purposive.., it points to some

albeit ideas in graphic forms. A useful history of the influence of

graphic expression has still to be written, and it would be encouraging

to such The study of occult sigils often has the effect ct

pulling together certain literary themes with the artistic expression

Englishman's influence on Boehme'S use or sigiln, so ably studied by

indicate tc the historian lines of thought by which the ideas a::d

painterly expression of William Blake might be approached in a new and

valid way. Several of the ideas relating to secret and heretical

Geneva. Such examples could easily be multiplied - especially in

xegard to modiaeva I. and Renaissance works of art.

Which scarcely require discussion - the book is designed precisely to aid

in the deciphering and amplification of obscure historical doexments.

of this nature, fox many of the apparently meaningless Bcrawls, symbols

Excellent as it is, the book is largely unavailable, and is in any case

work was constructed by the relatively simple, if somewhat tedious and

longer merit the title 'secret 1

originally considered worthy of inclusion, and yet/ when it cane to the

individual script. Generally I nuve ches&n on« sample alphabet, even

The main body of this dictionary, conprising the alphabetical

it was derived. in some cases, however, it has obviously been

probably this undoubted septenary nature of sigillic meaning which

reader with too much complexity of supportive explanation. For example.

problem which is especially prevalent in the alchemical sections, for it

Naturally, it will be found that there is considerable overlapping of

of cross-reference. For example, the astrological JUPITER is referred

of Greek sigils preserved so thoroughly by ZUKETTI 1932 have not been

incorporated Lo any extent into ny Text, whilst the ether, less

view of this it might surprise the rnader to find so many sigils

'doodl©&' on the hems of fchfi faints' clothing in 3uch works of art

astrological or alchemical Traditions C=j "VI )0^2^ -fN^ Lll ° standard

gil for PISCES ^P which is or course Extremely significant within the

and Imaginative 'graphic etymologies 1

this sigil has r:c attestation, yet it is extremely important as a symbol

a description which is precisely reflected in the Michael ic sigil. This

^^T^V? <M "1 T^S

avoided also recording protective sigils, such as talUmans used to ward