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    Week 3 Notes

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    Yahyah Nahaboo
    This document discusses sustainable consumption and production. It defines sustainable consumption as meeting basic needs and improving quality of life while minimizing resource use and waste. Cleaner production is introduced as improving production process efficiencies to reduce environmental impacts. The key point is that sustainable consumption and production are interrelated and both must be addressed through a systems approach across the full life cycle of products and services from extraction to disposal. Stakeholder engagement is important to integrate consumption and production patterns toward sustainability.

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    Week 3 Notes

    Uploaded by

    Yahyah Nahaboo
    51 views28 pages
    This document discusses sustainable consumption and production. It defines sustainable consumption as meeting basic needs and improving quality of life while minimizing resource use and waste. Cleaner production is introduced as improving production process efficiencies to reduce environmental impacts. The key point is that sustainable consumption and production are interrelated and both must be addressed through a systems approach across the full life cycle of products and services from extraction to disposal. Stakeholder engagement is important to integrate consumption and production patterns toward sustainability.

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    This document discusses sustainable consumption and production. It defines sustainable consumption as meeting basic needs and improving quality of life while minimizing resource use and waste. Cleaner production is introduced as improving production process efficiencies to reduce environmental impacts. The key point is that sustainable consumption and production are interrelated and both must be addressed through a systems approach across the full life cycle of products and services from extraction to disposal. Stakeholder engagement is important to integrate consumption and production patterns toward sustainability.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    51 views28 pages

    Week 3 Notes

    Uploaded by

    Yahyah Nahaboo
    This document discusses sustainable consumption and production. It defines sustainable consumption as meeting basic needs and improving quality of life while minimizing resource use and waste. Cleaner production is introduced as improving production process efficiencies to reduce environmental impacts. The key point is that sustainable consumption and production are interrelated and both must be addressed through a systems approach across the full life cycle of products and services from extraction to disposal. Stakeholder engagement is important to integrate consumption and production patterns toward sustainability.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 28

    Sustainable Consumption & Production: Making the Connection

    Integrating
    Sustainable Consumption & Production

     What is Sustainable Consumption & Production.


     Need for a practical approach.
    Objectives
     improve learners understanding of how
    sustainable consumption and production are
    interrelated.
     demonstrate the tools and strategies that
    are available to address this.
     support participants in identifying
    opportunities for leveraging sustainable
    consumption and production in their
    activities.
    Outline
     Sustainable Consumption
     Cleaner Production
     Integrating Consumption and
    Production
     Stakeholder engagement and
    future directions
    What is Sustainable
    Consumption?
    “…the use of services and products which
    respond to basic needs and bring a better
    quality of life while minimizing the use of
    natural resources and toxic materials as well
    as the emissions of waste and pollutants over
    the life cycle of the service or product so as to
    not jeopardize the needs of future
    generations.”
    UN CSD, 1995
    Sustainable Consumption is ...
     more than “consuming green”
     meeting basic needs
     about changing patterns,
    not “doing without”
     responsible consumption
    consuming differently, efficiently !!
    Consumption Optimisation
     Different consumption
    – what changes in choices and infrastructure will
    satisfy consumer demand more sustainability?
     Conscious consumption
    – How can consumers increase their quality of life
    by “choosing and using” more wisely?
     Appropriate consumption
    – Are consumption levels sustainable? Is
    consumption the best way to achieve every type of
    quality of life?

    UNEP Division of Technology,


    Industry & Economics
    Mixed messages from consumers…
    I’d like to end poverty,
    stop violence and racism,
    and get rid of pollution.
    Everyone should be equal.

    I want to dress in the nicest clothes,


    drive a great car, talk on the latest
    mobile phone, and watch my brand new DVD
    Driving Forces that Influence
    Consumption
     Economic: economic growth, disposable income and
    prices,
     Demographics: single-person households, longer/healthier
    lifetimes
     Social: lifestyle and cultural tastes for diversity,
    individualism, working/leisure hours.
     Education, Media and Information: environmental
    awareness.
     Existing technology and infrastructure, available products
    and services.
     Policy framework: economic instruments, regulations and
    social tools.
    Needs - opportunity – ability model
    of consumer behaviour
    GOAL
    Sustainable
    Development
    striving to change the way
    in which needs are met to
    reduce environmental Sustainable Consumption
    impacts

    Cleaner Production improving efficiencies of


    current production
    processes with an eye
    to product changes
    Recycling
    using byproducts on/off site
    so that waste being disposed
    Treatment of is minizised

    money spent on environment is


    Dilution an expense not an investment, no
    economic return

    Reactive Proactive
    Consumption & Production:
    Different Terms …Different Concepts?
    Leapfrog change

    Voluntary
    simplicity
    What is Cleaner Production?
    “ Cleaner Production is the continuous
    application of an integrated environmental
    strategy
    to processes, products, and services
    to increase overall efficiency,
    and reduce risks to humans and the
    environment.
    Cleaner production can be applied
    to the processes used in any industry,
    to products themselves and
    to various services provided in society”
    me.htm
    What Cleaner Production means for…
     Production processes: conserving raw materials,
    water and energy; eliminating toxic and dangerous
    raw materials; reducing the quantity and toxicity of all
    emissions and wasters at source during the
    production process.
     Products: reducing the environmental, health and
    safety impacts of products through their entire life
    cycle, from raw materials extraction, throughout
    manufacturing and use to the “ultimate” disposal of
    the product.
     Services: incorporating environmental concerns into
    designing and delivering services.
    Cleaner Production in action
    For companies, cleaner production is
    implemented via:
     factory and site Cleaner Production audits
     improved maintenance and operational
    practices
     equipment modification
     increased recycling
     change to cleaner technologies
     better product design
    Cleaner Production example:
    Nicaraguan beverage company (PEPSICO) undertook a
    Cleaner Production Assessment working closely
    with the 260 employees and found that
    product loss was almost 80% due to mechanical problems
    - 20% of which were housekeeping measures.

    Measures taken:
     Water conservation reduced water loss by 50%
     Energy efficiency solutions resulted in 12%
    reduction in refrigeration, 40% reduction in air
    conditioning, overal fuel costs reduced by 30%
     On going training of employees reduced bottle breaking by
    30% savings of $26,000/year, and established an atmosphere
    supportive for looking for continual improvements.
    There is no

    Sustainable Consumption without

    Sustainable Production

    and vice versa


    Process-Focused
    Consumption and Production

    Consumption Production
    A Systems Look at Sustainable
    Consumption and Production

    Consumption Production
    Consumption and production:
    integrated issue
    “Consumers are increasingly interested in the
    world that lies behind the products. They want
    to know how and where and by whom the
    products have been produced.”

    “This increasing awareness is a sign of hope.


    Business and governments must build on
    that.”
    Klaus Toepfer, UNEP Executive Director
    Life Cycle Thinking
    … implies that
    Return to the
    environment
    everyone in the
    whole chain of a
    product’s life cycle,
    Obsolescence Society’s Need
    Consumption/
    Use for Products and
    Re-Use Services
    from cradle to
    Manufac- grave, has a
    turing Recy-
    cling responsibility and a
    Exploration
    role to play, taking
    into account all the
    Refining Extraction
    relevant external
    effects.”
    Klaus Toepfer
    UNEP Division of Technology,
    Industry & Economics
    Engineering view of processes
    to meet human needs
    1.
    Need for Integrated Approach

     Increasing resource use efficiency


    (technological innovation, better management,
    alternative materials, etc.) to meet the basic
    needs
     Reduce material and energy density of
    consumption
     Promoting sustainable development
    (economic, social and environmental)
    Manufacturing System
    Schematic
    Facility level Process Flow Map

    Inputs Outputs
    Labor Product
    Time Scrap
    Energy
    Process Heat
    Capital Packaging
    Materials Waste
    Production Chain Schematic
    Examples of strategies to improve
    resource productivity I

    • Cleaner processing and


    energy technology More
    • Cleaner processing emphasis on material • Cleaner processing
    and energy technology with a favorable life and energy technology
    course
    • Less material per unit
    • Larger share of
    materials from recycling
    industry
    • Better moduling of
    components
    Production Chain Schematic
    Examples of strategies to improve
    resource productivity II

    • Cleaner and more • Rationalize link between goods or


    • More systematic
    effective transport • Services and consumer
    Recycling
    • Possibly spread (computer shopping)
    • New materials
    Production • Better utilization of energy
    • technology
    • Re-use of transport • More re-use and recycling
    packaging • A large share of the total
    consumption should refer to service
    • More “sharing”
    Consumption and Production -
    A Complex System
    Production Production

    Consumption Consumption

    Production Products Consumption


    Production
    Production

    Consumption Consumption
    New approach for development
    Example of mobility
    Needs: to be able to reach places easily, timely and
    comfortably
    Environmental impacts (life-cycle): land use for road,
    material use in making automobiles, roads and
    related facilities, energy consumption and pollution
    emission, automobile wastes, etc.
    New approaches: urban planing (location of residents,
    commercial and leisure services), public transport,
    cleaner fuels, design for efficiency and recycling,
    telecommunication (working from home, tele-
    conferencing, on-line shopping), diversity of leisure
    activities
    Actors: government, financial institutes, automobile
    manufacturers, public transport services, leisure
    service companies, IT industry, etc.
    Sustainable Consumption and
    Production: a role for ALL

    Sustainable consumption and production is


    a common responsibility of
     Governments,
     Industry,
     Consumers and
     Mass media.
    Future directions...
    Encompasses entire consumption and production
    system with a life cycle perspective
     Includes stages upstream and downstream of
    targeted area
     Focuses on minimising impacts of entire
    system
     Includes interventions that influence
    consumption patterns (e.g, PSS, product
    information and product design)
     Involves wide range of stakeholders
     Covers both policy as well as techno-
    managerial aspects

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