Answer Key Lesson 1

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Unit objectives
Reading and Use of English Part 8:

introduction to task type, identifying key ideas inquestions, paraphrasing
Writing Part 1:
introduction to essay writing;analysing the task, planning, linking sentencesand
paragraphs with clear references
Reading and Use of English Part 4:

introduction to task type, identifying whyanswers are correct
Listening Part 4:
introduction to task type,predicting what will be said and how ideas willbe
expressed
Speaking Part 1:
introduction to task type,giving extended answers, giving extra details,using a
variety of tenses
Grammar:
revision of verb forms to talk aboutthe past, focusing on common mistakes
byAdvanced candidates with present perfect andpast tenses
Vocabulary:
collocations with
give
and
make
Starting off
1
As a warmer
Ask students to work alone and write on a pieceof paper six statements which
describe theirpersonality, some positive and some negative, e.g.
I’m an extremely tidy person, I’ve got a very quicktemper
, etc. Tell them three of the statementsshould be true and three false and they
should bemixed up.
Students then work in small groups. They taketurns to show their paper to the
other students, who try to guess which statements are true and which are false.
The student who is being discussed should thencon󿬁rm or deny what their
partners say and say why.
When they have 󿬁nished, ask the whole class howeasy it was to guess which
statements were true orfalse and what they based their judgements on.
2
If you wish, print out and photocopy the wordlist forthis unit from the Teacher’s
Resources CD-ROM andask students to refer to it as they do the exercise.
AnswersUsually positive:
competent, conscientious,genuine, imaginative, modest, open-minded,outgoing
Usually negative:
insecure, insensitive, naïve,self-centred
Could be either:
idealistic, protective,unconventional
3
Encourage students to tell anecdotes or giveexamples which illustrate the
adjectives they havechosen.
Listening
| Part 4
1
As a warmer
Ask students to look at the photos withTask One covered and to say what they
think eachoccupation is and what the person is doing.
2
Tell students that predicting what they might hear isan important skill for
success in listening exercises.
Suggested answersA
underwater adventures, out in all weathers
B
out in all weathers
C
complete dedication to his/her craft
D
perform a new trick, complete dedication to his/her craft
E
a few of his/her recordings
F
suffer from stage-fright
G
digging at some excavation or other, out in all weathers, the 󿬁rst person to set
foot in a place
H
the 󿬁rst person to set foot in a place, out in all weathers, underwater
adventures
3
Alternative treatment
Ask students to work in pairsand explain what each option means, e.g. Task
TwoA:
If someone has ‘a positive outlook on life’, they are probably optimistic, expect
good results from theiractivities and expect to be successful
.
4
Point out to students that there are two tasks thatthey must deal with, and also
that they may hear theanswer to Task Two before they hear the answerto Task
One. Play the recording through withoutstopping, then wait ten seconds
and play it again.
Answers
1B 2G 3D
4
A
5
E
6
E
7F8
D
9
G
10
A
© Cambridge University Press 2014
9Unit 1
2Answers1
often used to take me
2
had made an/his apology
3
best she can to look
4
more persuasive than any
5
was never my aim to make/get
6
󿬁rst time my car has given/caused
3
Point out that many of the questions will containboth a grammar and a
vocabulary transformationelement.
Speaking
| Part 1
1
As a warmer
With books closed, tell students that inSpeaking Part 1 they will be asked
questions aboutthemselves, their background and their activitiesand interests
(you can write these as headings onthe board). Ask them to work in small
groups andbrainstorm 󿬁ve or six questions they might be asked.They then
open their books and compare theirquestions with questions 1–8 in this
exercise.
Answersa
1, 3, 4
b
2,5, 6,7,8
2Answers
Marta: 2 Lukas: 6
CD 1 Track 03
Marta:
Yes, I was able to give a friend a room once whenshe had to move out of her
house quite quickly. She’dbeen having problems with one of her ﬂatmates,
soshe came to stay with us for a while, just for a fewmonths, and I think that
helped her quite a lot in hersituation, which wasn’t easy for her because she
wasstudying at university and it was a long way from herfamily home.
Lukas:
One of the best is really from the summervacations which we always used to
spend together asa family at the seaside. I used to do quite a lot of sportwith my
dad, you know, playing tennis, swimming, thatsort of thing and I remember one
time we went water-skiing, which was a great new experience for me. Yes,that’s
a very good one, because I loved being close tomy dad and doing things with
him, you know, things Iwouldn’t have done with my mum.
3
When students have answered the questions,elicit from them why it’s important
to:
give fairly long answers (Answer: This allowsthe examiners to listen and assess
their level ofspoken English.)
give details to support their answers (Answer:This shows they can express
themselvescon󿬁dently and at length.)
use a variety of tenses (Answer: To show theircommand of grammar.)
speak in a natural, relaxed way (Answer: Thispart of the test is intended to be a

fairly informalconversation.).You can also point out that in preparation
studentscan think about how they would talk about theiractivities and interests,
but they should not prepareset speeches. The examiners want to hear
natural,spontaneous English.
Answers1
F
2
T
3
T
4
T
CD 1 Track 04
Examiner:
Marta, can you tell me, have you ever had theopportunity to really help a friend?
Marta:
Yes, I was able to give a friend a room once whenshe had to move out of her house
quite quickly. She’dbeen having problems with one of her ﬂatmates, so shecame to stay with
us for a while, just for a few months,and I think that helped her quite a lot in her
situation,which wasn’t easy for her because she was studying atuniversity and it was a long
way from her family home.
Examiner:
Thank you. Lukas, a question for you. What’syour happiest childhood memory?
Lukas:
One of the best is really from the summervacations which we always used to
spend together asa family at the seaside. I used to do quite a lot of sportwith my
dad, you know, playing tennis, swimming, thatsort of thing and I remember one
time we went water-skiing, which was a great new experience for me. Yes,that’s
a very good one, because I loved being close tomy dad and doing things with
him, you know, things Iwouldn’t have done with my mum.
4
Alternative treatment
Tell students they can alsoask each other some of the questions they
preparedfor the warmer with Exercise 1.There is extra help for students on
Speaking Part 1in the Speaking reference on page 193.
Becoming who we are
10Becoming who we are

Writing
| Part 1
An essay
1
As a warmer
With books closed, ask students:
What help or advice does the education system in your country give to help
young people decide on acareer?
How useful or helpful is the system?

With books open, tell students that one of the keyassessment criteria for the
Writing exam is ‘content’ which focuses on how well the candidate hasachieved
the task. It is therefore very important toanalyse the task and be certain what it
is asking and what it involves before starting to write. Underliningthe key ideas
helps with this.
Suggested underlining
education system does enough to help young peopleto 󿬁nd jobs / 󿬁t / abilities and interests /
courses andquali󿬁cations / work experience / careers advice /study things / never use in any
future job / without work experience / no idea what to study / teacherscan’t give me
advice / two methods / more effective /giving reasons / own words
2
If your students did the warmer in Exercise 1, tellthem they can add ideas which
arose then to theirdiscussion and notes.
3Answers1
F (You should discuss two methods.)
2
T (‘explain which method is more effective’)
3
F (It’s not obligatory – you can use the opinionsif you wish.)
4
T (They’re written in an informal style, whereasan essay should be fairly formal.)
5
T (‘giving reasons in support of your answer’)
6
F (You should ensure that everything you writeis relevant to the task.)
7
F (You should write in a formal academicstyle using complete sentences and
structuredparagraphs.)
4
Tell students that they are also assessed in the examfor ‘organisation’. It
is therefore essential to thinkand plan before they start writing, so that their
ideasare organised in a logical and coherent way.
AnswersPara. 1
:d
Para. 2
:c
Para. 3:
a
Para. 4:
e
Para. 5:
b
5
This exercise recaps some of the points made earlier.Point out also that the
purpose of an essay is todevelop and express an opinion on a subject and
thatstudents should ensure that their opinions are:
logically developed
supported by reasons and examples
clear to the reader.If they have managed these things, they haveful󿬁lled the
requirements of the task.
Answers1
To make sure you deal with the task as exactlyas possible
2
You will score higher marks if you write acoherent, structured answer.
3
Not exactly – she also included how students canlearn necessary skills while
working.
4
Yes
5
While I understand this viewpoint, I do notentirely share it; I believe; I do not
think; I would therefore argue that
6
Students’ own answer
7
An academic essay always requires students todevelop and express their
opinion. If this is notdone, the task has not been completed.
6
Point out to students that organisation involveslinking ideas together in
paragraphs which make iteasier for the reader to follow the argument of
theessay.Tell them they also score marks for ‘communicativeachievement’, so
that clear writing which convincesthe reader of their point of view is also
essential.
Answers1
the fact that many young people 󿬁nd it hard to󿬁nd the sort of job they aspire to
2
employers
3
students
4
students
5
the idea that courses are too theoretical and donot teach students the practical
skills they willneed in the workplace
6
this viewpoint
7
critical thinking skills
8
developing critical thinking skills
9
work experience
10
students’
11
an excellent general education
7
Give students 󿬁ve minutes or so to write their plan.Tell them that when they
compare their plans, theycan also make amendments to them.

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Our people

Reading and Use of English Part 8:

Reading and Use of English Part 4:

use a variety of tenses (Answer: To show theircommand of grammar.)

speak in a natural, relaxed way (Answer: Thispart of the test is intended to be a

Becoming who we are

10Becoming who we are

How useful or helpful is the system?

supported by reasons and examples

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