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    Software Verification: EXAMPLE 6-004

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    rummaan17
    This document summarizes an analysis in SAP2000 software of a frame element connected to a grounded hook element. A temperature drop is applied, and the displacement and forces are compared to independent calculations. The SAP2000 results match closely with different iteration tolerances. When the tolerance is small enough, the results match exactly.

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    Software Verification: EXAMPLE 6-004

    Uploaded by

    rummaan17
    17 views7 pages
    This document summarizes an analysis in SAP2000 software of a frame element connected to a grounded hook element. A temperature drop is applied, and the displacement and forces are compared to independent calculations. The SAP2000 results match closely with different iteration tolerances. When the tolerance is small enough, the results match exactly.

    Original Description:

    Information SAP Example Solved

    Original Title

    Information SAP 2000

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    This document summarizes an analysis in SAP2000 software of a frame element connected to a grounded hook element. A temperature drop is applied, and the displacement and forces are compared to independent calculations. The SAP2000 results match closely with different iteration tolerances. When the tolerance is small enough, the results match exactly.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views7 pages

    Software Verification: EXAMPLE 6-004

    Uploaded by

    rummaan17
    This document summarizes an analysis in SAP2000 software of a frame element connected to a grounded hook element. A temperature drop is applied, and the displacement and forces are compared to independent calculations. The SAP2000 results match closely with different iteration tolerances. When the tolerance is small enough, the results match exactly.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    C O M P U TE R S &

    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    EXAMPLE 6-004
    LINK – HOOK ELEMENT

    PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
    In this single degree of freedom example a frame element is fixed at one end and
    connected to a grounded hook element at the other end. The initial opening in the
    hook is 0.04 inch. A temperature drop of 100 °F is applied to the frame element.
    The displacement at joint 1 and the axial force induced in the link and frame
    elements by the temperature drop are compared with hand calculated results.

    The model is created in the XZ plane. Only the Uz degree of freedom is active for
    the analysis. The hook element is modeled as a single-joint link element at joint
    1. This means that one end of the hook element is connected to the ground and
    the other end is connected to joint 1. The hook element is oriented such that its
    positive local 1 axis is parallel to the positive global Z axis. This is the default
    orientation of single joint link elements. Only U1 degree of freedom properties
    are defined for the hook element. When closed, the stiffness of the hook element
    is 5,000 k/in.

    The analysis is performed using static nonlinear analysis cases. Two different
    analysis cases are created. They are exactly the same, except for the iteration
    convergence tolerance used. Analysis case NLSTAT1 uses the default iteration
    convergence tolerance of 1E-04. Analysis case NLSTAT2 uses a smaller
    iteration convergence tolerance of 1E-06.

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 1
    C O M P U TE R S &
    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

    Link Properties (Gap U1 DOF)


    Frame element fixed at its Linear Ke = 0 k/in
    top end and connected to Linear Ce = 0 k-sec/in
    hook element at its bottom Nonlinear K = 5,000 k/in
    2 end. Total length of frame Nonlinear Open = 0.04 in
    element is 100"
    1 Frame Material Properties
    100"

    E = 29,000 k/in2
    Initial opening of hook α = 0.0000065 /°F
    Z element is 0.04"
    Frame Section Properties
    1 A = 10 in2
    X Single-joint (zero-length) link Loading
    element (hook) with tension Temperature Drop = 100 °F
    stiffness defined for the U1
    degree of freedom Active Degrees of Freedom
    Uz

    TECHNICAL FEATURES OF SAP2000 TESTED


    ¾ Hook element links
    ¾ Force-controlled nonlinear static analysis
    ¾ Frame temperature loads

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 2
    C O M P U TE R S &
    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    RESULTS COMPARISON
    Independent results are hand calculated using standard thermal expansion
    formulas.

    Case NLSTAT1: Iteration Convergence Tolerance of 1E-04 (Default)

    Percent
    Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference
    Uz displacement at joint 1
    0.04918 0.04918 0%
    in

    Link axial force


    45.893 45.886 +0.02%
    kips

    Frame axial force


    45.882 45.886 -0.01%
    kips

    Case NLSTAT2: Iteration Convergence Tolerance of 1E-06

    Percent
    Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference
    Uz displacement at joint 1
    0.04918 0.04918 0%
    in

    Link axial force


    45.886 45.886 0%
    kips

    Frame axial force


    45.886 45.886 0%
    kips

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 3
    C O M P U TE R S &
    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    COMPUTER FILE: Example 6-004

    CONCLUSION
    The SAP2000 results show an acceptable comparison with the independent
    results. When the iteration convergence tolerance is sufficiently small, the
    comparison is exact. Analysis case NLSTAT2 illustrates that a 1E-06 iteration
    convergence tolerance provides exact results in this example.

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 4
    C O M P U TE R S &
    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    HAND CALCULATION

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 5
    C O M P U TE R S &
    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 6
    C O M P U TE R S &
    S TR U C TU R ES
    IN C .

    R Software Verification
    PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
    REVISION NO.: 0

    EXAMPLE 6-004 - 7

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