FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCES & TECHNOLOGY

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE : APPLIED STATISTICS

COURSE CODE : BUM2413

LECTURER : NORATIKAH BINTI ABU

KU MUHAMMAD NA’IM BIN KU KHALIF
MOHD KHAIRUL BAZLI BIN MOHD AZIZ
NORYANTI BINTI MUHAMMAD
ROSLINAZAIRIMAH BINTI ZAKARIA
SITI ROSLINDAR BINTI YAZIZ
SITI ZANARIAH BINTI SATARI
WAN NUR SYAHIDAH BINTI WAN YUSOFF

DATE : 27 DISEMBER 2017

DURATION : 3 HOURS

SESSION/SEMESTER : SESSION 2017/2018 SEMESTER I

PROGRAMME CODE : BAA/BCG/BCN/BCS/BEE/BEP/BFF/BFM/BHA/

BHM/BKC/BMA/BMM/BPN/BPP/BPS/BPT/
BSB/BSK/BSP/BTC/ BTE/BTM/BTP/BTV

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. This question paper consists of SIX (6) questions. Answer ALL questions.
2. All the calculations and assumptions must be clearly stated.
3. All calculations must be in FOUR (4) decimal places.

EXAMINATION REQUIREMENTS:
Statistical Tables

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of NINE (9) printed pages including front page.
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QUESTION 1

A medical officer in a psychiatry department of a hospital wants to compare the family

history of psychiatric disorder of patients, with and without depression. The characteristics
of a random sample of 27 patients with depression were compared with the characteristics
of a random sample of 50 patients without depression. The study found that 12 of the
patients with depression has a family history of psychiatric disorder, while 18 of those
patients without depression has a family history of psychiatric disorder.

(i) Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference in the population
percentages of patients with a family history of psychiatric disorder, with and
without depression.
(6 Marks)

(ii) Based on your confidence interval in (i), can we conclude that the population
percentages of patients with a family history of psychiatric disorder is not the same
for with and without major depression at 1% significance level?
(4 Marks)

(iii) How large the sample size would be if we wish to be at least 98% confident that
the error in estimating percentage of patients with no family history of psychiatric
disorder with depression is 4%?
(4 Marks)

(iv) Suppose that, three confidence intervals for the percentage of patients with a family
history of psychiatric disorder without depression are computed from the same
sample at 5% significance level. The intervals are  22.70, 49.30  % ,

 24.83,100 % and 0, 47.17  % . For each confidence interval, explain why each
confident interval is different?
(3 Marks)

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QUESTION 2

A farmer wants to investigate the growth of a plant with three different sunlight exposure
durations (3 hours, 5 hours and 8 hours) and three different types of fertilizer used (P, Q
and R). After two months, the growth of the plants is observed (in mm) and the data is
given in Table 1.

Table 1: Growth of the Plant (in mm)

Exposure to sunlight
Fertilizer
3 hours 5 hours 8 hours

P 40, 45 60, 65 20, 25

Q 100, 98 120, 100 101, 97

R 62, 64 80, 76 41, 42

Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit

Sample 11412.3333 5706.1667 199.0523 0.0000 4.7017
Columns 2554.3333 1277.1667 44.5523 0.0000 4.7017
Interaction 138.3333 4.8256 0.0235 3.9653
Within 28.6667
Total 14778.0000

(i) When to use this type of analysis of variance (ANOVA)?

(1 Mark)

(ii) Identify the dependent variable used in this study.

(1 Mark)

(iii) Find the Sum of Squares of interaction between the types of fertiliser used and the
sunlight exposure durations.
(2 Marks)
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(iv) Determine the degrees of freedom for all sources of variation.

(1 Mark)

(v) At 4% significance level, is there any effect in the mean of plant growth based on
different types of fertiliser used and different sunlight exposure durations?
(5 Marks)

QUESTION 3

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is a psychedelic drug known for its psychological
effects. The LSD amount will affect the awareness of the surroundings, perceptions and
feelings as well as sensations and images that seem real though they are not. A pharmacist
is interested to study the relationship between the LSD amount (in ml) given to student and
their mathematics performance based on the mathematics scores (in %). The data of LSD
amount and mathematics scores for a sample of seven students are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: LSD Amount and Mathematics Scores

LSD Amount (ml) 1.17 2.97 3.26 4.69 5.83 6.00 6.41
Mathematics Scores (%) 78.9 58.2 67.5 37.5 45.7 32.9 30.0

(i) Show that the strength of the relationship between the LSD amount and
mathematics scores is given as 0.9367 . Interpret your answer.
(8 Marks)

(ii) What does the negative sign of the value in (i) is reflected to the study?
(1 Mark)

(iii) Calculate the coefficient of determination and interpret the value.

(2 Marks)

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(iv) Find the estimated simple linear regression model.

(5 Marks)

(v) Is it possible for the pharmacist to use the estimated simple linear regression model
obtained in (iv) to predict the mathematics scores for 15ml of LSD? State a reason
to your answer.
(3 Marks)

(vi) Copy and complete the following ANOVA table. Then, test the pharmacist’s claim
that there exist a linear relationship between LSD amount given to student and their
mathematics scores at   0.01 .

Source of variation Sum of squares df Mean squares Ftest

Regression 1
Residual 50.9333
Total 2075.78
(11 Marks)

(vii) Based on the following Microsoft Excel output, conduct a hypothesis testing on the
regression constant by using P-value approach.

Standard
Coefficients Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%
Intercept ̂ 0 7.05845 12.6235 5.5417E-05 70.9581 107.2470
LSD Amount ˆ1 1.5054 -5.9795 0.0019 -12.8714 -5.1318

(5 Marks)

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QUESTION 4

In order to enhance the customer’s satisfaction, a supervisor in a supermarket conducted a

study for the time (in minutes) a customer takes to check out after purchase by considering
the total amount of the purchase, x1 (in RM), the number of purchased items, x2 and the

customer’s household monthly income, x3 (in RM thousand). The following Microsoft

Excel output shown in Figure 1 is a multiple linear regression analysis for the study based
on data collected from 20 customers.

Figure 1: Output of Multiple Linear Regression

(i) Test the hypothesis whether there exist significant linear relationship between the
customer’s checkout time and the independent variables at 2.5% significance level.
Use the P-value approach.
(5 Marks)

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(ii) State the coefficient of determination and interpret the value.

(2 Marks)

(iii) State the predicted multiple linear regression model.

(1 Mark)

(iv) Interpret the regression coefficient of the number of purchased item and the
coefficient of the customer’s household monthly income.
(2 Marks)

(v) Predict the checkout time if a customer purchases 14 items that cost RM210 and
her household monthly income is RM5000.
(2 Marks)

(vi) The summary of the multiple linear regression analysis for the study is given by
Table 3. Complete the table for the three predictors based on Figure 1. Then, select
the best regression model for studying the checkout time by a customer. Justify
your answer for the selection.

Table 3: Summary Table for Multiple Linear Regression

Predictor(s) P-value r2 Adjusted r 2 Regression equation
x1 9.24  10 6 0.6740 0.6557 yˆ  11.3179  0.0864 x1

x2 5.35  10 8 0.8142 0.8039 yˆ  2.1230  2.5583 x 2

x3 7.8 102 0.1625 0.1159 yˆ  18.5937  1.8823 x3

x1 , x2 5.19  10 7 0.8178 0.7963 yˆ  2.7438  0.0131 x1  2.2488 x 2

x1 , x3 4.44  10 5 0.6924 0.6562 yˆ  13.0183  0.0978 x1  0.8136 x3

x2 , x3 5.3110 7 0.8173 0.7958 yˆ  2.6295  2.6486 x 2  0.2977 x3

x1 , x2 , x3

(3 Marks)

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QUESTION 5

Ministry of Health Malaysia claims that 1.3 million people in Malaysia suffer from adverse
drug effects (ADEs) each year. ADEs is also known as unintended injuries caused by
prescribed medication. A study was conducted to identify the cause of 247 ADEs’ case
reported that occurred at two hospitals. A medical officer found that the dosing errors
(wrong dosage prescribed and/or dispensed) were the most common cause of ADEs.
Table 4 summarises the type of wrong dosage cause of 95 ADEs that resulted from a dosing
error.

Table 4: Type of Wrong Dosage Cause

Wrong Dosage Cause Number of ADEs
A. Lack of knowledge of drug 29
B. Rule violation 17
C. ,Faulty dose checking 13
D. Slips 9
E. Others 27

(i) Identify the level of measurement associated with the qualitative variable.
(1 Mark)

(ii) The proportions of wrong dosage cause categories (A, B, C, D, and E) in the general
population of people in Malaysia that suffered from ADEs are known to be in the
ratio 35:20:5:15:25, respectively. Test the hypothesis that the proportions in the
categories do not differ significantly from those in the general population at 10%
level of significance.
(12 Marks)

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QUESTION 6

TGB cinema conducted a study to identify whether movie genre preferences are influenced
by gender. A researcher of TGB cinema surveyed 300 Malaysian adults on their movie
genre preferences, namely animation, action and romance. The data are summarised in
Table 5.
Table 5: Movie Genre Preferences

Genre
Animation Action Romance
Gender
Men 50 70 30
Women 50 20 80

Do gender and movie genre preferences related to each other? Test at   0.5%
significance level.
(10 Marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER