Traffic Control Manual

TRAFFIC CONTROL MANUAL
Department of
Transportation & Works
www.gov.nl.ca
Revised April 2014

Transportation and Works
FOREWORD
This manual has been developed by the Department of Transportation and Works and is
intended to provide safe and consistent methods of traffic control in work zones along
roadways in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Any work occurring within the
right-of-way of a roadway, shall conform to the minimum guidelines within this manual.
This is the 7th version of this manual and replaces the 1990 Traffic Control Manual for
Roadway Work Operations, 1999 Traffic Control Manual for Roadway Work Operations,
2006 Traffic Control Manual for Roadway Work Operations, 2006 Traffic Control
Manual for Maintenance Operations, 2011 Traffic Control Manual, 2013 Revised 2011
Traffic Control Manual. This version is a slightly revised version of the 2011 & 2013
Traffic Control Manuals with numerous additions of layouts and a decision matrix for
choosing the correct layout for a roadway work operation. This manual is a living
document and will continually be revised. Users of this manual should continually check
for updates and best practices to improve upon traffic control in work zones.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This manual has been developed with the assistance of many groups and individuals
including the following:
TCM Committee
Gary Gosse, Transportation & Works NL
Murray Adams, Transportation & Works NL
Shaunna Reid, Executive Council - Human Resource Secretariat NL
Jim Thorne, Transportation & Works NL
Don Matthews, Transportation & Works NL
Christian Morris, Transportation & Works NL
T&W Maintenance Division

Christian Morris, Transportation & Works NL
Luke Edwards, Transportation & Works NL
Benson Payne, Transportation & Works NL
Chris Morris, Transportation & Works NL
Barry Ellsworth, Transportation & Works NL
TCM Reviewers
Fred Penney, Chair Specifications Committee, NL Heavy Civil Association
Reg Bennett, former Director OHS Division, Service NL
Nelson Chatman, Central Region Transportation & Works NL
Typical Layouts
Russ Langmead, Transportation & Works NL
Greg Clarke, Transportation & Works NL
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 2

Suggestions, comments and requests for changes or revisions and inquiries on the manual
should be directed to:
Assistant Deputy Minister,

Transportation Division
Highway Design, Construction & Maintenance Divisions
Department of Transportation and Works
P.O. Box 8700
St. John’s, NL
A1B 4J6
709-729-2300
This manual can be viewed on the Government of NL web site at www.gov.nl.ca

TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………. i
DEFINITIONS …………………………. iv
INTRODUCTION …………………… 1
Purpose ………………………………………………. 1
Fundamental Principles ……………………………… 1
Sign Specifications …………………………………... 3
Portable or Removable Sign
Supports with Flags ………………………………….. 4
Permanently Installed Temporary
Condition Sign Supports……………………………… 4
Mounting Chevron and Hazard Markers on Rebar
for Installation on Paved Surfaces ………………....... 4
Chevron and Hazard Markers used
During the Winter Season …………………………….. 5
Description of Advance Warning Area ………………. 5
Description of Approach Area ………………………... 6
Description of Taper ………………………….............. 6
Description of Buffer ………………………………… 6
Description of Work Zone …………………………… 6
Description of Termination Area …………………… 7
Intersecting Roads …………………………………….. 7
SPEED LIMITS ………………………. 8

Construction Zone Speed Limits,
General Information …………………………………… 8
Speed Signs …………………………………………... 8
Guidelines for Speed Limits ………………………….. 9
DELINEATION ……………………….. 9
Application …………………………………………….. 9
Location of Delineation Devices …………………….... 10
Spacing of Delineators ………………………………… 10
Construction Markers ………………………………….. 11
Chevron Markers ……………………………………… 11
Barricades ……………………………………………… 12
Heavy Barricade ……………………………………..… 13
Light Barricade ……………………………………..….. 14
Drums ………………………………………………….. 14
Delineator Posts ……………………………………….. 15
Traffic Cones …………………………………………… 15
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 i

Stand Alone Flashing Arrow board………………….…. 16

Control Vehicle ………………………………..…….…. 16
Pilot Vehicles……………………………………………. 17
Vehicle Mounted Flashing
Arrow Signals for Control Vehicles ……………………. 18
Vehicle Strobe Lights …………………………………... 18
Portable Traffic Lights ……………………………….…. 18
Variable Message Signs ………………………………… 19
Radar Display Speed Signs …………………………….. 20
Temporary Conditions Pavement markings…………….. 20
Miscellaneous …………………………………………... 21
FLAGPERSON ………………………………... 21
Introduction ……………………………………………. 21
Flagperson Equipment ………………………………… 21
Flagperson Advance Sign ……………………………… 21
General Guidelines ………………………………....….. 21
Flagperson Requirements ……………………………… 22
Where to Stand ………………………………………… 24
Remember to Wear Protective Clothing .………………. 25
Flagging Signals ………………………………………... 25
TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION SIGNS … 28
INCIDENT SIGNING ………………………… 32

Incident Sign ……………………………………………... 33
Signing for Towing Operations ………………………….. 34
CONTROL VEHICLE
APPLICATION ………………………………….. 35
Very Short Term Work - Low Speed or Low Volume …… 36
Short Term Work - Low Speed or Low Volume ………… 37
Snow Cleanup Operations – Two Way Traffic ………….. 38
Snow Cleanup Operations - Divided Highway ………..…. 39
Moving Events …………………………………………… 40
SIGHT DISTANCES …………………………. 41

Stopping Sight Distance ………………………………... 41
Intersection Sight Distance ……………………………... 41
Sight Distance at Individual Accesses ………………….. 42
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 ii

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES:

INSTALLATION AND REMOVAL
PROCEDURES …………………………………. 43
Sign Setup (Two Lane Roadways) …………..………….. 45
Work Zone Setup (Two Lane Roadways) ……………..... 46
Work Zone Removal (Two Lane Roadways) ………….... 47
Sign Removal (Two Lane Roadways) ……………..……. 48
Sign Setup (Four Lane Divided Highway) …………..….. 49
Work Zone Setup (Four Lane Divided Highway) …..…... 50
Work Zone Removal (Four Lane Divided Highway) ….... 51
Sign Removal (Four Lane Divided Highway) ………..…. 52
Sign Setup (3 & 4 Undivided Right Lane or Shoulder)….. 53
Work Zone Setup (3 & 4 Lane Undivided Right Side) 54
Work Zone Removal (3 & 4 Lane Undivided Right Side). 57
Sign Removal (3 & 4 Lane Undivided Right Side) ….…. 60
Sign Setup (3 & 4 Undivided Left Lane)………..……… 61
Work Zone Setup (3 & 4 Lane Undivided Left Lane)…… 62
Work Zone Removal (3 & 4 Lane Undivided Left Lane)... 65
Sign Removal (3 & 4 Lane Undivided Left Lane) ….…. 68
Decision Matrix and Typical layouts …..…...................... 69
SIGN LAYOUT DIAGRAMS

Work Adjacent to Roadway TCM LAYOUTS 750-1 to 750-9
Work at the Edge of the Roadway TCM LAYOUTS 751-1 to 751-9
Lane Closed TCM LAYOUTS 752-1 to 752-29
Successive Work Areas TCM LAYOUT 753-1
Roadside Diversion TCM LAYOUTS 754-1 to 754-3
Detour TCM LAYOUTS 755-1 to 755-3
Intersecting Roads in Work Areas TCM LAYOUTS 756-1 to 756-4
Positioning of Flagpersons TCM LAYOUTS 757-1 to 757-2
Pavement Drop Off TCM LAYOUT 758-1
Truck Entrance TCM LAYOUT 759-1
Typical Advance Work Area Signage TCM LAYOUTS 760-1 to 760-2
Temporary Striping Signing TCM LAYOUT 770-1
Line Painting Procedures TCM LAYOUTS 771-1 to 771-14
Grading Operations TCM LAYOUT 755-1
Road Closed Barricade TCM LAYOUTS 776-1 to 776-2
Survey Crew Signing TCM LAYOUTS 780-1 to 780-2
Portable Sign Supports TCM LAYOUT 790-1
Timing of Portable Traffic Lights TCM LAYOUT 791-1
CONSTRUCTION
DISTANCE TABLE TCM LAYOUT 799-1
LEGEND TCM LAYOUT 799-2
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 iii

DEFINITIONS
Advance Warning Area: the section of the roadway where motorists are first alerted to
upcoming road work. This area may begin up to 2km ahead of the approach area and
end at the TC-1 Construction Ahead sign.
Approach Area: the approach area is the section of the roadway where motorists are
given final warning of what actions are required to be taken before entering the work
zone.
Buffer Zone: the space reserved in the work area, from the last approach sign to the
taper or work zone.
Construction Speed Limit: the regulatory speed limit posted in a construction zone.
Construction Zone: a temporary workplace where double fines may be applied.
Control Vehicle: a vehicle to support traffic control in sign and work zone layout and
removal. See page 16 for further explanation and page 35 of this manual for features.
Dedicated Traffic Observer: an individual whose sole responsibility is to monitor

approaching traffic and warn workers of potential hazards.
Double Posting: the practice of placing signs on both sides of the road.
Intersecting Roads: public roadways that intersect the within the work area. These
intersecting roads shall only be considered public roadways if they exceed 1km in length
and access a minimum of ten residential dwellings, or exceed 300m in length and access
a business which generates hourly traffic volumes exceeding 25 vehicles per hour.
Lane Control: the practice of using a sign, traffic light or flagperson to control or stop
traffic.
Long Term or Long Duration Work: work that occurs in a fixed location for a period
exceeding 12 consecutive hours.
Low Traffic Volume: traffic volume on a road with less than 20 vehicles in 3 Minutes
Pilot Vehicle: a vehicle used to guide road users through a work zone that may be long
or complex to navigate.
Regulatory Speed Limit: as defined by Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices for
Canada (MUTCD) this is the speed limit that applies at a specific time or place on a road.
This is the maximum legal limit under ideal driving conditions on the section of road
identified by the signs.
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 iv

Service Vehicle: a vehicle to support a project by transporting workers and/or equipment

but not used to perform a primary work function; may be used to assist sign and device
placement.
Sign Layout Diagram: A diagram covering typical sign layout for a particular roadwork
activity. These diagrams are developed from national guidelines and adjacent regional
road authorities and usually suggest minimum requirements to be considered.
Slow Moving Operation or Mobile Operations: an operation which moves slowly,

usually continuously, and is sometimes stationary for periods not exceeding 30 minutes.
This includes inspection operations, and maintenance operations such as crack sealing
and line painting and sometimes sporting or charitable activities where groups or
individuals travel between points along provincial highways. This operation applies
where traffic volume is light and visibility is good. When traffic volume and speed is
higher a Control Vehicle should follow this operation to act as an advance warning of the
operations ahead. See Control Vehicle description and diagram.
Snow Cleanup Operations: the pushing back of snow from a roadway that has been
opened to traffic. This typically involves equipment that may have to operate
perpendicular to traffic flow and may have to cross one or more lanes of traffic.
Short Term or Short Duration Work (low speed or low volume): work that occurs in
a fixed location for a period exceeding 30 minutes, but less than 12 consecutive hours.
The normal posted speed limit is less than 70km/h or traffic volumes are normally less
than 500 vehicles per day. Consideration should be given to not performing work of this
nature during peak traffic hours.
Short Term or Short Duration Work (high speed or high volume): work that occurs
in a fixed location for a period exceeding 30 minutes, but less than 12 consecutive hours.
The normal posted speed limit is 70km/h or higher or traffic volumes are normally more
than 500 vehicles per day. Sign Requirements will be as per typical associated drawings.
Consideration should be given to not performing work of this nature during peak traffic
hours
Support Vehicle: a vehicle to support a maintenance operation by transporting workers

and/or equipment but not used to perform a primary work function; may be used to assist
sign and device placement. (usually found in line painting operations)
Taper: the area provided immediately ahead of the work zone, which provides a gradual
narrowing of a traffic lane, using various traffic control delineators or devices.
Traffic Control Plan: a plan prepared in advance of commencing work that addresses all
aspects of traffic control in the Work Area.
Very Short Term or Very Short Duration Work (low speed or low volume): work
that occurs in a fixed location for a period not exceeding 30 minutes, including the time
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 v

required to setup and remove traffic control devices. The normal posted speed limit is
less than 70km/h or traffic volumes are normally less than 500 vehicles per day.
Consideration should be given to not performing work of this nature during peak traffic
hours.
Work Area: the entire length of the roadway that is affected by any construction,
maintenance or utility work, from the first advance warning sign to the point where the
roadway is restored to normal operating condition.
Work Zone: the portion of the work area where the actual construction, maintenance or
utility work occurs.
TCM 7th Edition April 2014 vi

INTRODUCTION
PURPOSE
The purpose of this manual is to assist users with uniform and consistent methods for
installing traffic control devices, thus ensuring safety and minimizing inconvenience to both
motorists and workers. Diagrams are provided for most common traffic control layouts, and
should be used as a guide together with sound technical judgment, when providing safe
traffic control in all other situations as this manual cannot possibly cover all of the different
combinations that may occur. For unique situations, those preparing a traffic control plan are
required to contact their supervisor, technical staff and the Department of Transportation’s
Maintenance Office for advice. A suitably qualified Professional Engineer is required to
certify changes to Traffic Control Plans and Sign Layout Diagrams presented in this
manual.(Reference OHS Regulations 373 to 375)
It is the responsibility of those working on provincial roadways to ensure that the principles
and procedures contained within this manual are applied.
The appropriate level of traffic control for a situation shall be determined using the
guidelines provided and sound technical judgment based upon a review of the work site and
local traffic conditions. The decision to use a particular traffic device in a specific location
must consider the local conditions. This manual, and other guidelines available, provide the
basis for selecting a traffic control plan, but it is not a substitute for sound technical
judgment. Safety should not be compromised in the selection of a traffic control plan. If a
variation from the layouts provided is considered the traffic control plan should be reviewed
by a suitable trained traffic professional prior to implementation. The typical traffic control
layout diagrams presented in this manual can be used for all types of work, including all
maintenance activities.
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
1. All traffic signs used for temporary conditions are designed and installed for the
safety and convenience of the traveling public and for the safety of the workers.
2. Work sites shall be carefully checked to make sure that traffic controls are changed to
suit changing construction conditions due to work staging and progress, or if an
immediate improvement to the traffic control is needed. Any problems shall be dealt
with immediately and documented.
3. All signs shall conform to the required standards in shape, color, size and position as
outlined by this Traffic Control Manual and the Manual of Uniformed Traffic Control
Devices for Canada.
4. Throughout the normal construction season, including weekends and overnight, all
temporary condition signage shall be securely installed on either portable sign
supports or permanently installed sign supports. During periods of inactivity in a
construction zone, if signs are not maintained, they may be required to be installed on
permanent sign supports. When portable sign supports are used, they shall be
vertically adjustable such that signs will be displayed at the minimum required height.
If this cannot be achieved, flags shall be added to the top of the sign supports to meet
the minimum required height as per drawing # 790-1. The base of the sign supports
shall not be appreciably wider than the signs. Bases which require weighting for
support shall be weighted using sandbags only. The use of rocks, boulders, concrete
blocks, etc, as weights shall not be permitted. When signs are removed from the
construction zone, the sandbags must also be removed and not left along the shoulder
of the highway. Where portable sign supports are poorly maintained or unable to
provide constant uninterrupted support for temporary condition signage, the
contractor shall be required to install permanent sign supports.
5. Poorly maintained, defaced, damaged, or dirty temporary condition signs are

ineffective and shall be replaced, repaired, or cleaned without delay. Signs which
have been defaced or damaged and are not replaced within 24 hours of notification
shall be expropriated by the Department. All signage expropriated in this manner will
remain the property of the Department of Transportation and Works. Any work or
costs associated with sign removal, sign replacement or traffic control will be the
responsibility of the contractor.
6. No work will be permitted to commence until all traffic control devices are installed
in position, as shown in this manual and approved by the user’s qualified technical
representative.
7. After a work zone is completed all traffic signs used on that construction zone shall
be removed immediately. Any installed signs not applicable during a phase of
construction shall be removed or covered. The Department reserves the right to
expropriate all highway signs that are left in place after the work zone is completed.
In particular the Department especially focuses upon unwarranted and misused speed
limit signage and flag person signage. All signage and associated hardware will
remain the property of the Department of Transportation and Works.
8. Objects within the roadway or immediately adjacent to the roadway, which constitute
a hazard to traffic shall be marked with a delineator device.
9. Construction Speed Zones shall be implemented only as shown on the applicable

drawing. A hazard assessment should be part of determining an appropriate speed
limit in a construction zone. The Department representative should be consulted prior
to implementing a posted speed limit change on a provincial roadway.
10. After dark all signs shall be checked for visibility and those that cannot be clearly

seen shall be cleaned, replaced or adjusted.
11. Any signs not supplied by the Department of Transportation and Works shall meet all
specifications in the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Canada and the
Traffic Control Manual.
12. Sound technical judgment must be utilized in the application of the principles put
forward in this Traffic Control Manual. Traffic plans within this manual requiring
adjustment to local conditions must be reviewed and approved by a suitably qualified
Professional Engineer or other person named by the employer and acceptable to the
assistant deputy minister representing Occupational Health and Safety.(Reference
OHS Regulations 373 to 375 and other 2012 OHS Regulations) The location of all
traffic control devices and operations should be documented on a daily basis,
including any changes made to adjust to current conditions.
13. In rare instances it may be acceptable for a worker to briefly enter a travelled lane
with the aid of a Work Vehicle equipped with 4 way flashers and a warning light and
a “Dedicated Traffic Observer” rather than a fleet of warning signs. Provided the
worker can easily clear the lane when a vehicle approaches, this practice may be
acceptable. An example of such an activity may include removing a small piece of
debris from the roadway. If debris on a roadway poses an immediate safety threat to
road users it may be removed with extreme caution considering the situation and
current conditions, provided it only requires a momentary pause in the travelled lane.
SIGN SPECIFICATIONS
Unless modified by the following, the specifications outlined in the Manual of Uniform
Traffic Control Devices for Canada will apply to temporary conditions signs in all details
concerning symbols, lettering, illumination, reflectorization, position, installation, material,
support, and maintenance.
One sign only shall be placed on each support, with the exception of tab signs installed to
provide supplementary or complementary information associated with warning signs or
detour signs, or with the exception of signs placed on the back (reverse) side of the same
support, which is intended for motorists traveling in the opposite direction.
Temporary Condition Signs –shall have black symbols or lettering on an orange retro-
reflectorized High Intensity Prismatic background. The use of florescent paint on signage
shall not be considered and is not acceptable.
Regulatory and Information Signs – which may be used for temporary traffic control or
guidance shall have the same color and shape as described in the Manual of Uniform Traffic
Control Devices for Canada.
Signs shall be in reasonable condition to be effective for both day and night conditions.

While signs cannot always be in new condition, signs should always be in reasonable
condition. Unacceptable conditions that warrant replacing shall be those which are: covered
in asphalt splatter, dirt, dust or snow; have several large abrasions or tears; have significant
lost of lettering; lettering has been touched up or poorly modified; message is partly missing
or illegible; have colour fading or loss of reflectivity.
PORTABLE OR REMOVABLE SIGN SUPPORTS WITH FLAGS

In construction zones, where the use of permanently installed rigid sign supports are not
considered or required, temporary condition signs shall be installed on portable or removable
sign supports. Signs shall be located on the right side of the roadway not to exceed 4.0 m
from the edge of the traveled portion of the roadway. Supplementary signs shall be located
on the left hand side of the roadway on divided highways.
If portable sign supports do not elevate temporary condition signs to the minimum required
height, then two orange flags must be installed on the portable sign support, such that the
required height is achieved. See drawing 790-1, page 96.
PERMANENTLY INSTALLED TEMPORARY CONDITION SIGN

SUPPORTS
In construction zones, where the use of portable sign supports are not desired or properly
maintained, temporary condition signs shall be installed on permanently installed rigid sign
posts, as directed by the owner. Signs shall be located on the right side of the roadway not to
exceed 4.0m from the edge of the traveled portion of the roadway. Supplementary signage
shall be located on the left hand side of the roadway on divided highways.
Signs 900mm or less in width/length shall be installed on a single post to a height of 1.5m to
2.5m above the traveled portion of the roadway to the bottom edge of the sign. Most signs in
this category can be securely installed on 100mm x 100mm wooden posts with a minimum of
1.0m of the post in the ground. Care must be exercised to ensure that the post is securely
anchored in the ground so that it cannot be ‘turned’ or removed by vandals.
Signs exceeding 900mm in width/length shall be installed according to guidelines in the

Department of Transportation and Works Specification Book, Section 580, Sign and
Signpost Installations, for the corresponding size of the sign.
The use of flags to achieve minimum required heights on permanently installed sign posts
shall not be permitted.

MOUNTING CHEVRON AND HAZARD MARKERS ON REBAR FOR

INSTALLATION ON PAVED SURFACES
Where traffic has to be diverted or channelized to cross multi-lanes of paved surfaces,
delineator devices, such as hazard markers and chevrons, may be installed as outlined in this
section.
Signs 300 mm or less in width shall be installed on a single piece of 25 mm rebar to a height
of 1 m minimum above the traveled portion of the roadway to the bottom edge of the sign.
Signs greater than 300 mm in width shall be installed on two pieces of 25 mm rebar to a
height of 1 m minimum above the traveled portion of the roadway to the bottom edge of the
sign.
CHEVRON AND HAZARD MARKERS USED DURING THE WINTER

SEASON
Chevrons and Hazard markers may be mounted on rebar or wooden posts in order to
delineate traffic through a transition. Signs shall be installed as outlined in the Highway
Specification’s Book, Sections 701.08 and 701.09
DESCRIPTION OF ADVANCE WARNING AREA
The advance area is the section of the roadway where motorists are first alerted about
roadwork ahead. Signing in this area may begin up to 2km from the approach area and
ending at the TC-1 CONSTRUCTION AHEAD sign. See TCM Layout 760-1 and 760-2 for
further explanation and diagram below.

DESCRIPTION OF APPROACH AREA
The approach area is the section of the roadway where motorists are given final warning and
information on what actions to take before entering the work zone. Signing in this area
typically begins immediately following the TC-1 CONSTRUCTION AHEAD sign and ends
at the beginning of the buffer zone.
DESCRIPTION OF TAPER
The taper or transition area is the section of the roadway where motorists are channelized
from the normal alignment to proceed safely past the work zone. Depending on the location
of the work a taper may not be required if there is no encroachment into the travelled portion
of the roadway. The taper is normally delineated with the use of pylons, construction
markers, chevrons, drums or delineator posts. The transition area may include several
diagonal and parallel sections to route vehicles to the location to bypass the work zone. The
length of the taper sections are important to properly guide traffic, and are shown on each of
the Sign Layout Diagrams.
The taper length is the length of the section of roadway required to achieve the closure and
shall be as follows when no lane control is present (based on the normal posted speed limit):
50 km/h or less 30 m
60 km/h 40 m
70 km/h 60 m
80 km/h 90 m
90 km/h 110 m
100 km/h 180 m
When lane control and low speed is present on the approach to the work zone, the taper may
be reduced to 30 meters. Lane control would be in the form of a flagperson, temporary traffic
control signal or lane controlling signage in low speed and low volume traffic areas. (See
Sign Layout Diagrams 752-1 to 752-6).
DESCRIPTION OF BUFFER ZONE

The buffer zone provides a space for protection for traffic and workers between the
taper/transition area and the work zone. It is usually delineated by traffic devices. No work
material, vehicles or equipment should be stored in the buffer zone. When a Control Vehicle
is placed in advance of the work zone, the buffer zone should be provided between the
Control vehicle and the work zone. Buffer zone lengths are shown on each of the Sign
Layout Diagrams and the Construction Distance Table 799-1.
DESCRIPTION OF WORK ZONE

The work zone is that portion of the roadway which contains the work activity (workers,

equipment, and construction materials).
Work areas may be fixed or moved as the work progresses. The area is usually delineated by
channelizing devices or in some instances shielded by barriers.
Potential hazards and conflicts will increase in the work area if:
< The work area is close to the travel lane(s);

< A physical obstruction exists (uneven pavement, trucks turning, etc.);
< Speed of traffic increases;
< The distance the traffic is shifted gets greater or more complex.
Long term work areas (in excess of 12 hours) have a greater need for delineation.
DESCRIPTION OF TERMINATION AREA

The termination area is used for vehicles to transition back to the normal travel area of the
roadway after the work zone. The termination area extends from the end of the work zone to
where normal vehicle operation can resume. This transition is normally similar to the taper
leading into the work zone. The driver is informed of the end of the construction zone after
leaving the termination area and can usually return to the original operating speed of the
roadway upon leaving this area.
INTERSECTING ROADS
Consideration shall be given to signing intersecting secondary roadways that exist within a
work zone and the area reserved for the approach signage to the work zone. As a minimum,
this signing shall consist of a TC-1 Construction Ahead sign displaying an appropriate
directional arrow. See drawings 756-1 and 756-2 on pages 69 and 70 for examples of signing
intersecting roads. Additional signage on the intersecting roadway may only be considered if
the last two signs in the sequence of approach signage are not apparent to motorists on the
intersecting roadway. Adjusting sign spacing may also be considered as a means of reducing
sign requirements on intersecting roadways while providing pertinent information that is
apparent to all motorists. In all situations, the placing of signs shall be based on a review of
traffic conditions, traffic volumes, sight distances and sound technical judgment.

SPEED LIMITS
CONSTRUCTION ZONE SPEED LIMITS – GENERAL INFORMATION

Speed limits must reflect the road conditions in existence at the time. Signs must be removed
or changed immediately when the condition changes. When the road condition does not
warrant reduced speed during non-working periods, overnight, or weekends, the signs shall
be removed or covered.
On a divided highway, if construction involves only one side of the highway, the speed limit
will be lowered in the affected direction of travel only and will remain unaltered in the
opposite direction.
The reducing of a speed limit through the entire work project will not be permitted. Having
each work zone individually considered, based on the general geometric conditions of the
work zone, is the only acceptable method of speed limit signing.
All conflicting signs within the reduced speed zone shall be removed or covered while the
temporary speed limit is in effect.
Double fines apply in construction zones. In order for the regulations to be enforced the
speed limit and the beginning and end of the construction zone must be marked. Advanced
warning signage of the double fine penalty is not always required but should be provided on
long projects at the beginning of the project limit in the advance warning area (Sign TC-CZ3)
and also on projects where the work will be long term on high speed and high volume roads.
SPEED SIGNS
All speed limits shall be signed using reflectorized maximum speed limit signs as specified in
the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Canada.
All speed limits indicated on these signs shall be in 10 km/h increments.
The Maximum Speed Ahead signs shall be placed 150 m to 250 m in advance of a
construction speed sign where the speed reduction is more than 10 km/h.
Where the Maximum Speed Ahead sign is positioned in advance of normal temporary
condition signage an advance “Construction Ahead” sign must be installed ahead of the
speed ahead sign.
At the end of the construction zone, which has a reduced speed limit posted, a speed limit
sign shall be posted indicating a return to the normal speed limit on that particular section of
highway. This sign may be omitted if there exists a permanently installed speed limit sign
within 300 m of the end of the reduced speed zone.

Reduced speed limit signs left in place when the work zone condition does not warrant any
reduction may be expropriated by the Department of Transportation and Works.
GUIDELINES FOR SPEED LIMITS

The recommended speed limits shown in Table 717.04.01 are provided for geometrics only
and sound technical judgment must be used to adjust these speeds depending on the surface
condition, the proximity and number of workers, equipment, and type of obstruction to the
through traffic.
Table 717.04.01
Construction Zone Speed Limit Sight Distance in Each Direction
90 km/h 280 m or greater

80 km/h 230 m – 279 m
70 km/h 200 m – 229 m
60 km/h 170 m – 199 m
50 km/h 140 m – 169 m
40 km/h 110 m – 139 m
30 km/h less than 109 m
All posted speed limits on construction zones must have prior approval from the Department.
DELINEATION
APPLICATION
Delineation devices shall be used to channelize traffic when the traffic flow is impeded as a
result of obstructions, work areas or a narrowing of the roadway. They form part of the
general category called Traffic Control Devices and shall be used as a supplement to signs
and barricades.
Where the temporary condition exists during darkness, delineation shall be achieved by the
use of construction markers, traffic barrels, barricades, chevron markers, delineator posts,
flashing beacons or similar devices. In all cases, markers and barricades used to achieve
delineation during the hours of darkness shall be retro-reflectorized using high intensity

grade sheeting to show the same color and shape by night as by day. Fluorescent paint
shall not be used as a reflectorized substitute and is not acceptable.
Delineators including all construction markers, chevrons, barricades etc. shall be in

reasonable condition to be effective for both day and night conditions. While delineation
devices cannot always be in new condition, they should always be in reasonable condition.
Unacceptable conditions that warrant replacing shall be those which are: covered in asphalt
splatter, dirt, dust or snow; have several large abrasions or tears; have deformation and
dented considerably; have colour fading or loss of more than 20% of its reflectivity.
LOCATION OF DELINEATION DEVICES

Any construction or maintenance activity on or within 1 m of a roadway shall be marked by
delineators along the work site and the approaches to the work site or obstruction. The angle
at which the delineations are placed across the closed portion of the road is called the taper
and should vary according to the maximum regulatory speed and shall be as follows:
Regulatory Speed Limit Minimum Taper
50 km/h and less 30 m

60 km/h 40 m
60 70 km/h 60 m
80 km/h 90 m
90 km/h 110 m
100 km/h 180 m
If the work area affects more than one traffic lane width, each traffic lane shall be closed
separately and a tangent section provided between the two tapers. The minimum length of
the tangent section shall be as follows:
Regulatory Speed Limit Minimum Tangent Between Tapers
50 km/h and less 50 m

60 to 70 km/h 100 m
80 km/h 150 m
90 km/h or greater 240 m
SPACING OF DELINEATORS
The centre to centre distance between delineators varies with the regulatory speed for both

tapers and tangents. Refer to the Construction Distance Table on each layout.
CONSTRUCTION MARKERS (TC-62 and TC-62A)

Construction Markers shall be of the dimensions indicated. They shall be retro-reflectorized
using high intensity grade orange reflective sheeting to indicate the same color and shape by
night as by day.
300 mm TC-62 225 mm TC-62A
100 mm 600 mm
100 mm 900 mm
Rebar 1 m minimum
* *
* * ** * * * **
* ** * ** *
* * * * ** * * * * * *
*
* ** * *
* * * * * ** * ** **
* 600 to 800 mm
** * ** *
* * * * * ** * * * * * * ** * * * ** ** * *
* * *
Under the
1 m minimum * * * ** * ** * * * * * * ** * * * ** ** * *
* ** * ** * **
** *
** road surface
* * **
* *
*
Ground Line Ground Line
Where Construction Markers are required for a distance of greater than 300 m the use of 225
mm x 600 mm marker is permissible. (TC-62A).
CHEVRON MARKERS (TC-31)
Chevron Markers shall be used on tapers for detours and diversions. They shall replace the
normal construction marker at a spacing of every 30 m from the start of the taper. The arrow
head shall point in the direction of the turn. They shall be retro-reflectorized using high
intensity grade orange reflective sheeting to indicate the same color and shape by night as by
day.
Markers that may require a weight to keep them from being knocked down or blown over,
shall use sandbags. The use of rocks or boulders will not be considered.
TC-31 signs shall be installed on two piece of 25 mm rebar to a height of 1 m minimum

above the traveled portion of the roadway to the bottom edge of the sign.

450 mm
600 mm
1m min.
Ground Line Ground Line
Where chevron markers are used to divide two-way traffic, chevron markers must be
installed back-to-back on both sides of the same rebar installation.
BARRICADES
For reasons of traffic safety and for the protection of workers, barricades shall be used to
define the work area. Such protection is considered a part of the temporary signing
arrangement. Barricades shall also be used to close streets or roads in the area where the
work is being carried out.
Barricades are always placed immediately preceding the work area on the approach side
between the road user and the obstruction or activity.
These barricades shall be reflectorized to indicate the same color and shape by night as by
day. The use of fluorescent paint on barricades shall not be considered for use after
dark.

All barricades shall have a retro-reflective high intensity grade orange background and black
print meeting the approval of the Department.
Heavy barricades shall be used to provide complete closure of a road or lane for an extended
period of longer than five days. Their supports shall consist of posts set in the ground with
two TC-64C heavy barricade faces attached as shown below:
The direction of traffic indicated by arrow.

Posts shall be 100 mm x 100 mm minimum.
1800 mm
300 mm
100 mm
300 mm
2m
HEAVY BARRICADE
Where no direction is required barricade TC-64B shall be used, as shown below:
1800 mm
300 mm
300 mm
2m
Posts shall be 100 mm x 100 mm minimum.

LIGHT BARRICADE
Light barricades shall be used for works of short duration to provide closure of a traffic lane
or roadways or blocking off road excavation sites or other work site hazards. Light barricades
shall not be used as a channelized device. The use of fluorescent paint on light barricades
shall not be considered for use after dark (TC-64A sign is required on each light barricade).
2400 mm
(Max.)
150 mm
(Min.)
1000 mm
(Min.)
Flashing Beacon (Optional)
DRUMS
Drums are to be flexible and normally 200 liters capacity set on end and used as delineators.
Drums shall be reflectorized to indicate the same color and shape by night as by day. The
drums are to be predominantly orange, not fluorescent, but a minimum of two white
reflectorized strips (100 mm width minimum) per drum is required.
Flexible drums may be used as an alternative method to channelize or delineate flow and
shall be approximately 1000 mm in height and a minimum of 550 mm in diameter at the
base. The markings on the flexible drums shall be horizontal, circumferential alternating
black and reflectorized orange strips.

Drums, delineators posts or traffic cones shall be in reasonable condition to be effective for
both day and night conditions. While delineation drums cannot always be in new condition,
they should always be in reasonable condition. Unacceptable conditions that warrant
replacing shall be those which are: covered in asphalt splatter, dirt, dust or snow; substantial
deformation from original shape; are dented, fractured considerably that affect stability; have
colour fading or loss of more than 20% of reflective material by either damage or missing.
DELINEATOR POSTS
Delineator posts used to channelize or delineate traffic shall be 1100 mm in height and 100
mm in diameter. The markings consist of two white high intensity reflective bands 75 mm in
width. Unit is weighed down with a standard 6.8kg (15lb) rubber base. +Extra 6.8kg (15lb)
base inserts can be used when required by wind conditions.
TRAFFIC CONES
The dimensions of traffic cones should be related to the normal maximum posted speed on
the roadway and their height comply with the following minimum requirements.
Maximum Speed km/h Minimum Height (mm)
50 or less 450
Greater than 50 700
The use of traffic cones is only permitted during hours of daylight.

STAND ALONE FLASHING ARROW BOARD

For highways with a speed limit of 90 km/h or higher, detours and diversions that are
anticipated to be in place 12 hours or greater shall have a flashing arrow light trailer unit
located within each taper.
The arrow board shall be a minimum size, 1200 mm in width by 600 mm high, and shall be
of a type and design as approved by the Department.
```
Diagram of a Stand Alone Flashing Arrow Board as used in Sign Layout Diagrams.
Flashing Arrow Boards shall be in reasonable condition to be effective for both day and night
operation. While such devices cannot always be in new condition, they should always be in
reasonable condition. Unacceptable conditions that warrant replacing shall be those which
operate: in Arrow Mode with 2 or more lamps out in the bar or any out in the arrow head; or
have less than 5 bulbs operating in Caution Mode.
CONTROL VEHICLE
Control vehicles used during Very Short Term Work (low speed or low volume), Short Term
Work (low speed or low volume), and Snow Cleanup Operations, shall be equipped with a
vehicle mounted flashing arrow signal (see specifications below). In addition, the vehicle
shall be equipped with a strobe light, standard four-way flashers and two bumper mounted
signs, being 150mm high x 450mm long, with orange and black alternating and opposite
stripes at 45º. The signs shall be reflectorized to indicate the same shape and color by day or
night. Examples of the use of this vehicle can be found on pages 35 to 40.
Where the nature of the operations does not encroach on the travel lane or impede traffic
flow, such as slow moving inspection of culverts or utility lines, etc., the control vehicle may
be substituted by an alternate vehicle equipped with flashing lights and a roof mounted
revolving appropriately coloured beacon. If this type of operation becomes stationary for
periods exceeding 30 minutes and the parked distance from the travel lane does not exceed
0.6m, then the operation is no longer considered very short term work, and shall be signed as
per Work Adjacent to Roadway diagrams in section 750.

PILOT VEHICLES
Pilot vehicles may be used in situations where traffic control is required over a considerate
length of construction zone and where it may otherwise be difficult to control traffic with
traffic control persons or temporary traffic signals. The decision to use Pilot Vehicles to
control traffic is with the road authority having jurisdiction. The pilot vehicle may guide or
lead a platoon of vehicles in one direction through the work zone where it would be complex
to delineate and would be more efficient to pilot traffic. Pilot vehicles may also be used to
control vehicle speeds in the work zone and to protect workers by preventing vehicles from
entering a closed lane too soon (such as when milling asphalt or waiting for placed asphalt to
cool.).
The following procedures shall be used when Pilot Vehicles are used:
1. Traffic Control Persons (TCP) shall regulate traffic at each end of the Pilot
Vehicle controlled section. The operation of using Pilot Vehicles must include
communication links with the other traffic controls at each end of the work zone,
such as the TCPs.
2. The Pilot Vehicle shall move into leading position at the front of the stopped
vehicle queue prior to release by the TCP.
3. When directed by the TCP, the Pilot Vehicle shall guide traffic through the Work
Zone, travelling at a speed that would keep traffic together in a continuous flow
till the end of the work zone.
4. At the end of the Work Zone, the Pilot Vehicle shall pull over at the first safe
location to allow the queue of vehicles to pass.
5. When the last following vehicle has passed, the Pilot Vehicle shall then return to
the end of the Work Zone to be guide a queue of vehicle back to the original
starting end of the work zone.
To maintain driver discipline and ensure delays are kept to a minimum, at least two Pilot
Vehicles shall be used in this continuous operation. More Pilot Vehicles would be required
for a higher volume roadway with a long work zone. All pilot vehicles should be equipped
with a 360 degree amber flashing light and a “Follow Me” sign mounted over a “Do Not Pass
When Flashing” Sign mounted conspicuous location at the rear of the Pilot vehicle. Where
significant queuing occurs or is expected to occur, or visibility at the end of the queue is not
sufficient a “Prepare to Stop” Sign should be used upstream of the expected end of the queue.
Work vehicles that enter the work zone should be managed by the Traffic Control Persons so
that they are the last vehicle in the Pilot vehicle queue, to avoid other vehicles following the
work vehicles in the Work Zone.
Where work zones extend over a long distance with pilot vehicles for traffic control
intermediate signs should be placed at 0.5 km intervals to restrict vehicles from passing. Sign
RB-31 “Do Not Pass” with tab sign RB-31T are required to be installed.

VEHICLE MOUNTED FLASHING ARROW SIGNALS FOR CONTROL

VEHICLES
Flashing arrow signals shall have a minimum arrow head height of 600mm (760mm
maximum) and a minimum length of 1500mm. See diagram below. These arrow signals
shall consist of an array of a minimum of fourteen (14) AMBER high intensity LED lights,
with each light being 100mm in diameter, providing a minimum legibility distance of 600m.
The AMBER arrow signals shall be on a black background.
VEHICLE STROBE LIGHTS

Government maintenance vehicles are to be equipped with Blue Strobe Lights. All other
vehicles, such as contractor vehicles, tow trucks, survey vehicles, etc. are to be equipped with
Amber Strobe Lights.
PORTABLE TRAFFIC LIGHTS

With the approval of the Department of Transportation and Works, portable lane control
signals may be used to alternate traffic past a work area, in lieu of flag persons. The Director
shall be advised in each case of the intent to use this device before application.
Portable signals shall be used only under conditions where the lights are clearly visible to an
approaching motorist such that the vehicle can be brought to a safe stop. Intensity of the
signal lamps shall be maintained in such a manner that the lights are clearly visible for a
distance of at least 500 meters.
It is essential that these devices be removed immediately when conditions no longer require
them.

Traffic light timings are calculated using the table shown in drawing 791-1, page 97. It is
essential that traffic flow be monitored to determine if timing adjustments are required.
VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS

Variable Message Signs are electronic signs that are used to convey additional information
about upcoming road work. These signs shall be used only as a supplement to, but not a
substitute for, conventional temporary condition signs and devices. Their use in the field
shall be limited to installation either prior to, or within the advance warning area. The
Highway Maintenance Division of the Department of Transportation and Works shall be
contacted prior to the use of Variable Message Signs on provincially controlled highways or
projects.
Variable Message Signs may display either a single fixed message or a number of sequential
messages. When programmed to display sequential messages, each message will be referred
to as a phase. Each phase shall be visible to approaching motorists for a minimum of three
seconds, and shall be able to be read a least twice by the approaching motorist. If sequential
messages exceed two phases, additional Variable Message Signs may be required. In this
situation, the distance between Variable Message Signs shall be
given careful consideration, based on the speed limit and the phase cycle, ensuring that the
message(s) on each sign can be read twice by approaching motorists.
The following guidelines shall be used to determine the information to be displayed on

Variable Message Signs:
• Messages shall consist of upper case text with a minimum letter height of 30cm.
• The messages shall be displayed in bright yellow or orange, providing a sharp
contrast to the sign’s black or dark blue/grey background colour.
• Each message shall convey a single, relevant and concise thought.
• Abbreviations shall only be used if they are easily understood.
Roadway construction or maintenance applications, where Variable Message Signs may

be considered, include the following:
• On high speed, multi-lane roadways where significant delays, queuing or lane
changes are anticipated;
• On high volume roadways where complex and frequently changing alignment or
surface conditions exist;
• Approaching a construction or maintenance project where an alternate route may be
available, but not apparent to approaching motorists.
Variable Message Signs shall be in reasonable condition to be effective for both day and
night operation. While such devices cannot always be in new condition, they should always
be in reasonable condition. Unacceptable conditions that warrant replacing shall be those
which operate with less than 90% of the pixels in each character.

RADAR DISPLAY SPEED SIGNS
Radar Display Speed Signs are electronic signs that are equipped with a radar unit that
detects an approaching vehicle’s speed, and displays the information back to the driver.
These signs shall be used only as a supplement to, but not a substitute for, conventional
temporary condition signs and devices. Their use in the field shall be limited to installation
within the approach area, where speed control is essential. The Highway Maintenance
Division of the Department of Transportation and Works shall be contacted prior to the use
of Radar Display Speed Signs on provincially controlled highways or projects.
Radar Display Speed Signs shall only be used where speeding is an issue, and to achieve
maximum effectiveness, their use should be supplemented with law enforcement from time
to time. The numbers displayed on Radar Display Speed Signs shall be a minimum of 45cm
high. If these signs are capable to display any supplementary message, then the minimum
requirements for Variable Message Signs shall apply.
TEMPORARY CONDITIONS PAVEMENT MARKINGS

Temporary Conditions Pavement Markings are usually used in combination with other
appropriate warning signs delineation devices and traffic control devices to mark the
intended vehicle path traffic is expected to maneuver through the work zone.
Instances where temporary pavement marking may be used are on a paved diversion to
bypass a work site, such as a new bridge construction, or where partial pavement removal or
incomplete replacement has occurred in a multiple asphalt overlay process.
Where temporary pavement markings are used they should be placed as soon after an original
lane marking has been removed to restore the guidance which was in place prior to the
construction operations. In the case of temporary diversions lane markings should be placed
prior to diversion opening.
Whenever temporary pavement markings are applied any conflicting pavement markings
shall be removed or obscured to eliminate possible confusion. Paint grinders and black
sealing compounds can be used but must be approved for the removal operation based on
existing lane marking conditions.
Typical temporary pavement markings consist of temporary marking tape, raised pavement
markers and standard traffic paint with glass beads. Yellow markings shall be used where
two-way traffic occurs and to delineate opposing traffic. White markings should be used for
shoulder edge lines or multiple lanes where traffic flows in the same direction, such as on
divided highways.
Short term lane markings may be smaller in size and less frequency of spacing. More
temporary markings should be used in areas of curves than on straight sections to highlight
road curvature. Temporary markings for long term applications should follow usual line

painting practices governed by national standards.
MISCELLANEOUS
Other miscellaneous traffic control devices, such as flares, flashlights, floodlights, lanterns,
etc., may be used, as required, to supplement the signs and other devices described in this
section.
FLAGPERSON
INTRODUCTION
Under certain conditions during construction or maintenance activities on or along a
roadway, the use of a flagperson may be required to safely guide motorists through the work
site area. The following sections specify the appropriate equipment, signs, and usage of
flagpersons under such circumstances. The final decision as to the use of flagpersons shall be
as directed by the user’s representative.
FLAGPERSON EQUIPMENT
The flagperson shall wear a high visibility safety jacket or vest, safety boots (CSA Grade 1),
CSA approved safety headgear, and hearing and eye protection. They shall be equipped with
a flagpersons “STOP” and “SLOW” reflectorized sign. This sign shall be attached to a
support pole, such that the sign and pole combination has an overall height of 2.0m to 2.3m.
For night operation, the flagperson shall have a red signaling baton flashlight to supplement
the diamond sign.
FLAGPERSON ADVANCE SIGN

Except for very short term work situations “Flagperson Ahead” (TC-21) signs shall be posted
in advance of each flagperson. It shall be of a design as shown in the Manual of Uniformed
Traffic Control Devices for Canada. It shall be retro-reflectorized with high intensity
prismatic grade sheeting to indicate the same color and shape by night as by day.
All advance flagperson signage shall be removed or covered promptly when the flagging
operations are terminated from a construction work zone for any period of time. Signage left
up will be expropriated by the Department of Transportation and Works.
GENERAL GUIDELINES
Flagpersons should be highly visible. For this reason, they must stand alone, never permitting

a group of workers to congregate around them.
Flagpersons working as a team shall agree to appropriate signals before commencing their
duties. If the flagpersons are not visible to one another, two-way radios are necessary to
ensure proper communications and directing of traffic.
No flagperson shall start working unless all required advance flagperson signs are in place.
No other construction signs shall be located between the flagperson position and the advance
flagperson signage.
The flagperson is not permitted to use a radio, cell phone or any other device which impairs
sight, hearing, or attention while working.
At no time are flagpersons permitted to use flags to control traffic.
No flagperson shall leave their post unless authorized to do so or replaced by another flag
person. As long as traffic cannot flow freely, even at mealtime, the flagperson must stay on
duty until relieved.
Flagpersons should stand just outside the lane of traffic at a point from the end of the
working area so as to be able to protect personnel and equipment. The distance from the
flagperson to the work site shall be 10 m for every 10 km/h of normal speed limit.
Flagpersons and equipment operators working at a location are to make every effort to keep
delays to motorists to a minimum. In heavy traffic, delays should be split equally between the
opposing lanes of traffic and in normal operations traffic shall not be delayed in excess of
five (5) minutes per direction. At all times priority shall be given to the motorist to proceed
through the construction zone. Flagpersons not following these guidelines shall be dismissed
from the work site.
When the flagperson leaves their position at the end of operation on a work zone, the
Contractor must remove or cover all applicable advance flagperson signage.
FLAGPERSON REQUIREMENTS
Any maintenance or construction job which results in lane blockage requires traffic control,
usually in the form of flagpersons. The following construction situations shall be used as
guidelines in use of flagpersons:
• At least one flagperson shall be provided on local roads when the traffic flow in one
direction is diverted wholly or partially into the lane of oncoming traffic and the lane
of oncoming traffic is clearly visible beyond the one lane section for the distance as
shown in Table 715.05.01 for the appropriate speed limit.
• At least two flagpersons shall be provided on local roads when the traffic flow in one
direction is diverted wholly or partially into the lane of oncoming traffic and the lane

of oncoming traffic is not clearly visible beyond the one lane section as noted in
Table 715.05.01.
TABLE 715.05.01
Clear Visibility Required in

Max Speed Each Direction
80 km/h 250 m
70 km/h 200 m
60 km/h 170 m
50 km/h 140 m
40 km/h 110 m
• The user may, where the normal traffic volume on a local road is less than fifteen
vehicles per hour, reduce the flagpersons requirements.
• At least two flagpersons shall be provided on collector and arterial roads when the
work activities require the traffic flow in one direction to be diverted either wholly or
partially into the lane of oncoming traffic.
• At least two flagpersons shall be provided when the traffic flow in both directions is
diverted from the normal vehicle path onto a one lane section. Where traffic flow in
both directions is diverted from the normal vehicle path onto a two lane section, the
use of a flagperson is not required. Traffic flow may be safely regulated through the
area by the proper use of construction signs.
• At least two flagpersons shall be provided to direct traffic at a major detour. These
flagpersons must be located at each end of the detour and must be familiar with the
area of the detour route. Extended operations of a detour will require public
advertising and detour signs along the complete detour route in place of the
flagpersons.
• At least two flagpersons at truck entrances/exits on arterial roads when the truck
traffic entering or exiting the access road is in excess of ten vehicles per hour.
• At least two flagpersons at truck entrances/exits on collector and local roads with a
normal traffic volume of fifty vehicles per hour on the through road and when the
truck traffic entering and exiting the access road is in excess of ten vehicles per hour.
• At least three flagpersons shall be provided, as positioned shown in Section 750

(drawing 757-1 and 757-2, pages 71 and 72), on collector and arterial roads when the
work activities require that the traffic flow in one direction to be diverted either

wholly or partially into the lane of oncoming traffic and when the horizontal and/or
vertical alignment at the work site does not have the distance of clear visibility
required in Table 715.05.01.
• At least one flagperson shall be provided on arterial roads which have two lanes of
one-way traffic and traffic volumes in excess of one hundred vehicles per hour where
the work activities require that one lane be closed at the work site.
• The use of a flagperson is not required on sections of new highway which is not open
to the public use.
• At least one flagperson shall be provided on a temporary bridge by-pass of one

lane width. At locations where portable traffic lights are in operation, the use of a
flagperson is not required. At a two lane by-pass, the use of a flagperson is not
required as traffic flow may be safely regulated through the area by the proper use of
construction signs.
• When traffic control is required at signalized intersections, due diligence shall be

exercised and every effort made by the user’s representative to deactivate the traffic
lights, immediately before flagpersons are required to direct traffic through the
intersection. If in the event that traffic control is required through a signalized
intersection, and time restraints or emergency situations exist, such that the traffic
lights cannot be deactivated immediately prior to work commencing through the
intersection, then the flagpersons shall exercise caution and good judgment
to ensure the traffic flow around the work zone is maintained in conjunction with the
operation of the traffic light sequences. A minimum of two flagpersons shall be used
at a signalized intersection. However, there may be situations, depending on the
location and type of work, that require more flagpersons to be utilized.
• Any other situation as determined by the user’s representative.
WHERE TO STAND
1. Stand outside the lane of traffic.
2. Stand at a distance from the working area as indicated on the sign layout diagram, so
as to be able to protect personnel, equipment and motorists.
3. Stand where you can be seen by approaching traffic.

REMEMBER TO WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

1. A CSA Approved Hard Hat.
2. A vest or other apparel which shall be reflective fluorescent and coloured blaze
orange or red.
3. Safety Footwear.
4. Hearing Protection.
5. Eye Protection.
All above items must be CSA approved.
NO NOT OPERATE ANY DEVICE THAT IMPEDES SIGHT OR HEARING.
FLAGGING SIGNALS
Standard flagging signals shall be used and given in a clear and precise manner.
To instruct a fellow flagperson to halt traffic, raise the free hand with fist clenched straight
above the shoulder, wave the entire arm slowly from the upright position to a position
directly out to the side at shoulder height and repeat signal as long as necessary;
To indicate an all clear situation and instruct a fellow flagperson that he or she may allow
traffic to proceed, raise the free hand directly out to the side at shoulder height, lower the
entire arm until it rests against the side of the body and repeat signal as long as necessary;
To indicate the approach of emergency vehicles, drop the stop and slow paddle, raise both
arms to the side at shoulder height, then rapidly wave both arms from the shoulder level to a

point above the head where the wrists will cross and continue signal until the fellow
flagperson is seen to take necessary action;
A flagperson shall stand in a safe position, preferably on the driver's side of the lane used by
traffic under his or her control, where he or she will be clearly visible and where he or she
has an unobstructed view of approaching traffic.
Flagperson’s shall use normal signals when stationed on the driver's (left) side of the lane
used by traffic under his or her control and appropriate signals shall be used only when the
flag person is stationed on the right side of traffic under his or her control.
- Normal signals to STOP traffic are:
In daylight,
The flagperson shall face approaching traffic and shall extend his or her free arm
horizontally across the approach lane and
The flagpersons paddle shall be held upright with the "STOP" side facing traffic
and
When an approaching vehicle has almost stopped, the free arm shall be used to
indicate the point at which vehicles are required to stop.
In darkness,
The flagperson shall assume the same basic position as for the day signal.
He or she shall hold a reflectorized paddle in his or her free hand and flashlight
with red signaling baton attached in his or her free hand,
The free arm shall be moved slowly back and forth between limits corresponding to
the third and sixth hour positions on a clock face, and
When an approaching vehicle has almost stopped, the flashlight and baton shall be
used to indicate the point at which the vehicle is required to stop;
- Normal signals to SLOW traffic are:
In daylight,
The flagperson shall take up a position similar to the one used for the signal to
stop with the "SLOW" side of the paddle facing approaching traffic;

In darkness,
The same position and motions shall be assumed as for the night stopping signal
except that the "SLOW" side of a reflectorized paddle shall face approaching
traffic;
- Normal signals to MOVE traffic are:
In daylight,
The flagperson shall face across the approaching traffic lane and shall look across his
or her shoulder at the traffic he or she is about to move;
Traffic shall be advanced by rotating the lower free arm in an oval manner
corresponding to the direction in which the vehicle wheels will rotate;
If traffic is required to proceed slowly, the flagperson shall also extend his or her
free arm horizontally towards the approach lane with the "SLOW" side of the
paddle facing traffic; and
If traffic is allowed to proceed at the prevailing speed limit, the flagperson shall
lower the STOP/SLOW Paddle and ensure it is hidden from motorists.
In darkness,
The same signals as for daytime shall apply.
A flashlight with red baton attached shall be used in the free hand.
The order to proceed or to proceed slowly may be given verbally.
The flagpersons paddle shall not be used to wave traffic on and shall never be
displayed to traffic in other than a static manner.
All motions of the flagpersons arms, both by day and night, shall be performed
precisely and unhurriedly so that the meaning of signals given cannot be
misunderstood.

BLASTING
OPERATIONS
DO NOT USE
RADIO
TRANSMITTER
IN
THIS AREA
SLOW
FRESH
TAR
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE CONSTRUCTION
INCIDENT BEGINS ZONE
AHEAD MAXIMUM
FINE ENDS
$1500
FINES DOUBLED IN FINES

SNOW
CONSTRUCTION ZONES DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE EQUIPMENT
$1500 WORKING
MAXIMUM FINES $1500.00
INCIDENT SIGNING
Temporary condition signs shall be used to notify oncoming traffic that the normal flow
of traffic may be impeded due to the result of (1), an incident (crash) on or near the
roadway ahead, (2) and/or removal of disabled vehicles on, or back on to the roadway by
tow trucks. The placement of signs shall be as per the “Lane Closed” diagrams in section
752, of the Traffic Control Manual. The signage may be reduced if police officers are in
attendance with emergency vehicles and coning in place for traffic control.
Note that the use of signs is not intended to replace any existing safety devices or
practices that enforcement agencies now use, but rather to supplement them by giving
motorists advance notice of what is occurring ahead. All towing companies are required
to either have these signs on board their tow trucks, or have them readily available for use
on short notice.
Where an incident (crash) occurs along the highway and requires towing operations to
remove vehicles from the highway or back onto the highway, every effort must be made
to ensure that at least one lane of traffic is maintained throughout the operation at all
times. This may require police presence to direct traffic to ensure that no one direction
remains stopped for periods exceeding 10 minutes, or in excess of 8 vehicles stopped in
any one direction at a time. Where police officers are not present, the requirements of the
Traffic Control Manual shall apply. If towing operations require complete closure of a
highway for an extended period of time, the use of police officers and detour signage
should be considered, and a temporary detour route established.
All signs must be retro-reflective high intensity prismatic and designed to comply with all
specifications regarding shape, color and size, and must be kept clean and legible at all
times. All signs must be printed on either aluminum, plywood, or roll-up flexible, fabric
reinforced material. All signs shall be installed on portable stands.
The ‘INCIDENT AHEAD’ sign shall be as shown on page 33 and printed on reflective
3
FLOURESCENT ORANGE sheeting, 3M #4084 Diamond Grade DG or equivalent,
when applied on rigid substrates such as aluminum or plywood. Where rigid substrates
are not practical, the ‘INCIDENT AHEAD’ sign may be printed on flexible rollup
FLOURESCENT ORANGE material, 3M #RS24 Diamond Grade or equivalent.
32.
TCM 7th Edition April 2014

INCIDENT
AHEAD
AHEAD
INCIDENT
INCIDENT
AHEAD
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
CONSTRUCTION MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
MAINTENANCE
OPERATIONS
NEXT
2km
WORKING
EQUIPMENT
SNOW
SNOW
EQUIPMENT
WORKING
SNOW SNOW
EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT
WORKING WORKING
SIGHT DISTANCES
STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE

Stopping sight distance is defined by the Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) as
the sum of the distance travelled during the perception and reaction time and the braking
distance. See below for individual stopping sight distances.
STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE FOR AUTOMOBILES AND

TRUCKS
Design Stopping Sight Distances (m)

Speed for Automobiles and Trucks
( km/h )
40 60 - 70
50 85 - 110
60 105 - 130
70 135 - 180
80 155 - 210
90 190 - 265
100 235 - 330
INTERSECTION SIGHT DISTANCE

Intersection sight distance is defined by TAC as the sight distance available from a point
where vehicles are required to stop on the intersecting road, while drivers are looking left
and right along the major roadway, before entering the intersection. The sight distance is
considered adequate when it allows the driver to safely enter an intersection and make the
turning maneuvers permitted by the intersection layout, without significantly affecting
vehicles travelling on the main roadway. See the SIGHT DISTANCE AT INDIVIDUAL
ACCESSES diagram on page 42.
41.

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES: INSTALLATION AND REMOVAL

PROCEDURES
Before work starts on any construction or maintenance activity, it is essential that a plan
for traffic control be devised that provides protection for workers and motorists, not only
during the construction activity, but also during the setup and removal of traffic control
signs and devices. While each construction or maintenance activity can have its own
unique circumstances that may impact the plan for traffic control setup and removal, the
following basic safety guidelines shall be considered and adhered to:
• Before work starts, review the tasks to be completed and the protection that is
needed.
• An emergency plan shall be in place in the event that an incident should occur,
and shall take in to account the following:
o Have a stocked first aid kit on site at all times.
o Employees shall not work alone in the area.
o If an incident should occur, the work supervisor shall be contacted
immediately.
o If an incident should occur, medical personnel should be contacted
immediately if necessary.
• All workers shall wear personal protective equipment (PPE) that includes CSA
approved high visibility clothing, safety glasses, safety boots and safety hat.
• A service vehicle shall accompany workers involved in the setup and removal of
traffic signs and devices, and shall be equipped with an operating flashing light
unit and standard four way flashers.
• It is prohibited for any person to ride in an area of the service vehicle not
specifically designed (tailgate, box of truck, etc) to provide secure
accommodation for a person, or to ride unsecured in a vehicle which is in motion.
• No activities shall commence in the work zone until all traffic control signs and
devices are in place.
• A site assessment shall be completed to determine if flagpersons are required to

complete the sign installation or removal process. If needed, refer to pages 19 to
27 in this Traffic Control Manual for procedures.
43.

• While installing or removing signs or devices, workers shall:
o Ensure the vehicle is completely stopped.

o When installing or removing signs, exit or enter the vehicle after each sign
is installed or removed, or walk along the shoulder of the road beside the
service vehicle to complete the next task, ensuring that the service vehicle
is completely stopped each time. Always complete this action with the
flow of traffic.
o When installing delineation or other traffic control devices around the
tapers and the work zone, exit or enter the vehicle after each device is
installed, or walk along the shoulder of the road beside the service vehicle
to complete the next task, ensuring that the service vehicle is completely
stopped each time. Always complete this action with the flow of traffic.
o When removing delineation or other traffic control devices around the
tapers and the work zone, exit or enter the vehicle after each sign is
removed, or walk along the shoulder of the road beside the service vehicle
to complete the next task, ensuring that the service vehicle is completely
stopped each time. Always complete this action against the flow of traffic.
o Offload and load signs or devices from the side of the vehicle that is
farthest from the open traffic lane OR if not practical, from the back of the
vehicle.
o Assemble or disassemble traffic control devices away from the roadway.
o Avoid pointing the service vehicle towards the flow of traffic, especially at
night.
• The sequence for setting up signing for a work area, requires that advance
warning and approach signs be installed first, followed by the delineators, signs
and traffic control devices in the tapers and tangents around the work zone.
• The sequence for the removal of a work area requires that the traffic control
devices and delineation around the tapers and tangents of the work zone be
removed first, followed by the removal of the advance warning and approach
signs.
Examples of sign setup and removal procedures for typical lane closure situations are
shown on pages 45 to 68. These procedures shall be used as a guide for any construction
or maintenance activity that requires the installation of traffic signs and devices, as shown
in the Traffic Control Manual.
44.

TYPICAL SIGN LAYOUT DECISION MATRIX
Type of Activity Type of Work
MOBILE OPERATIONS VERY SHORT DURATION SHORT DURATION LONG DURATION
Divided Undivided Divided Undivided Divided Undivided Divided Undivided
Roadside Work and Shoulder Work on a Two-Lane Road

Right Shoulder Work 750-2 750-2 750-1 750-1
Encroachment in Right Lane 751-3 751-2 751-2 751-1
Roadside Work and Shoulder Work on a Multi-Lane Road

Right Shoulder Work 750-5 750-4 750-5 750-4 750-3 750-3 750-3 750-3
Left Shoulder Work 750-6 750-6 750-7 750-7
Work in Median 750-8 750-9 750-9 750-9
Encroachment in Left lane 751-4 751-5 751-5 751-6
Encroachment in Right lane 751-7 751-7 751-8 751-8 751-8 751-8 751-9 751-9
Single Lane Closed

Two-Lane Road - Right Lane Closed
i) Yield to Oncoming Traffic 752-5 752-5 752-5
ii) Traffic Control Person(s) 752-3 752-6 752-1 or 752-2 752-6 752-1 or 752-2 752-1 or 752-2
iii) Temporary Traffic Control Signals 752-4 752-4 752-4
Multi-Lane Road - Left Lane Closed 752-9 752-8 752-10 752-11 752-12 752-11 752-17 752-7
Multi-Lane Road - Right Lane Closed 752-9 752-8 752-14 752-13 752-15 752-16 752-15 752-16
Five Lane Road - Left Lane Closed 752-8 752-18 752-18 752-18
Five Lane Road - Two-Way Left Turn Lane Closed 752-8 752-19 752-19 752-19
Two Lanes Closed

Four Lane Road - Two Right Lanes Closed 752-20 754-2&3 752-20 754-2&3 752-20
Five Lane Road - Two Right Lanes Closed 752-21 752-21 752-21
Five Lane Road - Two-Way Left Turn Lane and Left Lane Closed 752-22 752-22 752-22
Continued on the following page

TYPICAL SIGN LAYOUT DECISION MATRIX
Type of Activity Type of Work
MOBILE OPERATIONS VERY SHORT DURATION SHORT DURATION LONG DURATION
Divided Undivided Divided Undivided Divided Undivided Divided Undivided
Median Crossover
Divided Highway Median Diversion ( MUTCD Mid-Block Location) 754-2&3 754-2&3
Detour
Alternative Roads 755-1 755-2
Roadside Diversion 754-1
Lane Realignment 755-3
Ramps
Ramp Closure 752-23 752-23 752-23 752-23 752-24 752-24
Lane Closed at Ramp Exit 752-25 752-25 752-25 752-25
Lane Closed at Ramp Entrance 752-26 752-26 752-26 752-26
Lane Closed at Intersection on Two Lane Roads

Near-Side Lane Closed 756-3 756-3 756-3
Far-Side Lane Closed 756-4 756-4 756-4
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION
ZONE ZONE
BEGINS BEGINS
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM
FINE FINE
$1500 $1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
FINES FINES
DOUBLED DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE MAXIMUM FINE
$1500 $1500
$1500
MAXIMUM FINE
DOUBLED
FINES
$1500
FINE
MAXIMUM CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS BEGINS
MAXIMUM
ZONE
FINE
CONSTRUCTION
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE ZONE
BEGINS BEGINS
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM
FINE FINE
$1500 $1500
FINES FINES
DOUBLED DOUBLED
$1500 $1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE ZONE
BEGINS BEGINS
MAXIMUM MAXIMUM
FINE FINE
$1500 $1500
FINES FINES
DOUBLED DOUBLED
$1500 $1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION
FINE
$1500
50
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500 CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
$1500
FINE
MAXIMUM
BEGINS
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ENDS MAXIMUM
ZONE FINE
CONSTRUCTION $1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
FINE
$1500
ENDS
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
FINE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM $1500
FINE
$1500
50
50
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
50
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
225 mm TC-62A
100 mm
600 mm
Rebar
150 mm 1.0 m minimum

TO
Driving Surface 225 mm
* * * 75mm
* *
** ** *
*
* ** ** * * * Minimum 600 to 800 mm

* **
* * * ******* * * * ** Dropoff
* *
* ** *
* *
* * ***** ****** ****** ** ** * * * * ** under the
* * **
** ** ** * **
* * ** ** *
* ** ***** * *
* *** ***** *** * * * *** * * * ** ** **** **

* **
* road surface
* * ** * *
**** * *** * **** * * * **** * *

* * ** **
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES DOUBLED IN
CONSTRUCTION ZONES
MAXIMUM FINES $1500.00

CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
TEMPORARY
CARE
PASS WITH
STRIPING STRIPING
TEMPORARY
ENDS
ENDS TEMPORARY
STRIPING STRIPING
TEMPORARY PASS WITH

CARE
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
PAINT
C R EW
AH EAD
C A U TIO N
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ENDS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
PAINT
C R EW
AH EAD
C A U TIO N CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
CONSTRUCTION
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
PAIN T
CR EW
AHEAD
C AU TIO N
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ENDS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
PA INT
CR EW
A HE AD
C AU TIO N
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS BEGINS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CREW
PAINT
AHEAD
CAUTION
ENDS
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CREW
PAINT
AHEAD
CAUTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
PA IN T
CR E W
A HE A D
C AU TIO N
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ENDS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
CONSTRUCTION
ENDS ZONE
BEGINS
ZONE
MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
PA INT
CR EW
A HE AD
C AU TIO N
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
ENDS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
3
ZONE
ENDS BEGINS
ZONE MAXIMUM
CONSTRUCTION FINE
$1500
50
50 CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS 3
50 50
50 50
CAUTION CAUTION
PAINT PAINT
CREW CREW
AHEAD AHEAD
FINES FINES
DOUBLED DOUBLED
$1500 $1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
ENDS
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
CAUTION
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
ENDS CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
PA INT
CR EW
A HE AD
C AU TIO N
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
ENDS
ZONE BEGINS
FINE
$1500
50
50
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
AHEAD
CAUTION
CONSTRUCTION
CREW
AHEAD
PAINT
CREW
ZONE
PAINT
CAUTION
ENDS
ENDS
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
CAUTION
PAINT
CREW
AHEAD
ENDS 3
ZONE
CONSTRUCTION
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
ZONE ZONE
ENDS ENDS
CONSTRUCTION
ZONE
BEGINS
MAXIMUM
FINE
$1500
FINES
DOUBLED
MAXIMUM FINE
$1500
MINIMUM HEIGHT MINIMUM HEIGHT
ACHIEVED WITH ACHIEVED
FLAGS WITHOUT FLAGS
TYPICAL
SIGN
TYPICAL
SIGN
1.5 m
MINIMUM
REQUIRED
HEIGHT PORTABLE SIGN
SUPPORTS
DRIVING SURFACE DRIVING SURFACE

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TRAFFIC CONTROL MANUAL

Revised April 2014

T&W Maintenance Division

TCM 7th Edition April 2014 2

Assistant Deputy Minister,

This manual can be viewed on the Government of NL web site at www.gov.nl.ca

TCM 7th Edition April 2014 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………. i

SPEED LIMITS ………………………. 8

TCM 7th Edition April 2014 i

Stand Alone Flashing Arrow board………………….…. 16

TYPICAL CONSTRUCTION SIGNS … 28

INCIDENT SIGNING ………………………… 32

SIGHT DISTANCES …………………………. 41

TCM 7th Edition April 2014 ii

TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES:

SIGN LAYOUT DIAGRAMS

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Construction Zone: a temporary workplace where double fines may be applied.

Dedicated Traffic Observer: an individual whose sole responsibility is to monitor

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Service Vehicle: a vehicle to support a project by transporting workers and/or equipment

Slow Moving Operation or Mobile Operations: an operation which moves slowly,

Support Vehicle: a vehicle to support a maintenance operation by transporting workers

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TCM 7th Edition April 2014 vi

5. Poorly maintained, defaced, damaged, or dirty temporary condition signs are

9. Construction Speed Zones shall be implemented only as shown on the applicable

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seen shall be cleaned, replaced or adjusted.

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PORTABLE OR REMOVABLE SIGN SUPPORTS WITH FLAGS

PERMANENTLY INSTALLED TEMPORARY CONDITION SIGN

Signs exceeding 900mm in width/length shall be installed according to guidelines in the

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MOUNTING CHEVRON AND HAZARD MARKERS ON REBAR FOR

CHEVRON AND HAZARD MARKERS USED DURING THE WINTER

DESCRIPTION OF ADVANCE WARNING AREA

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DESCRIPTION OF APPROACH AREA

DESCRIPTION OF BUFFER ZONE

DESCRIPTION OF WORK ZONE

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equipment, and construction materials).

< The work area is close to the travel lane(s);

DESCRIPTION OF TERMINATION AREA

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CONSTRUCTION ZONE SPEED LIMITS – GENERAL INFORMATION

All speed limits indicated on these signs shall be in 10 km/h increments.

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GUIDELINES FOR SPEED LIMITS

Construction Zone Speed Limit Sight Distance in Each Direction

90 km/h 280 m or greater

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Delineators including all construction markers, chevrons, barricades etc. shall be in

LOCATION OF DELINEATION DEVICES

Regulatory Speed Limit Minimum Taper

50 km/h and less 30 m

Regulatory Speed Limit Minimum Tangent Between Tapers