DESIGN IV MACHINERY SYSTEM

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE
ENGINEERING

Calculation and
Specification of Bilge
System
Doc.No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - BG

Prepared by Checked by Approved by

Rev. Date Remark Ir. Alam
Putu Widhi A Rusdianto
Baheramsyah, M.Sc.
 DESIGN IV MACHINERY SYSTEM
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE
ENGINEERING

ATTACHMENT
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge
System
Attachment of Doc.No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - BG
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

I. INTRODUCTION
Bilge system is a piping system intended for disposing of water that
may accymulate in spaces within the vessel (holds, machinery
spaces, cofferdams) due to condensation, leakage, washing, fire
fighting, etc. It is to be capable of controllig flooding in the Engine
Room as a result of limited damage to piping systems. However,
the bilge system is not able to cope with flooding resulting from a
large hull damage not protected in due time
In addition, when the hull of the vessel is holed and fills with water
the bilge pumping system mmust be capable of keeping the
adjacent compartment dry. The components of a bilge pumping
system will depend on the size of the vessel. The standard
components are listed below :

o Pump
o Piping
o Strainer
o Bilge pump level arm
o Discharge with non-return valve
o Suction non-return valves

II. OBJECTIVES
The object of Ballast System is:
a) Calculate Bilge System Pipe
b) Calculate Pump of the Bilge System

III. REFERENCES
a) Bureau Veritas
b) MARPOL
c) Marine Engineering, Roy L. Harrington, "Chapter XX - Piping System" :1971

IV. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

dm : calculated inside diameter of main bilge pipe [mm]
length between perpendiculars at the extremities of the
L : deepest subdivision load line, in metres, for passenger ships
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page
deepest subdivision load line, in metres, 1for
of passenger
1 ships
: [m]
B : greates moulded breadth of ship [m]
D : Depth to bulkhead or freeboard deck [m]
db : inside diameter of branch bil[mm]
C : length of compartment [m]

V. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The bilge system is used to remove small quantities of fluid that
have leaked or condensed into a dry space. The system serves the
machinery spaces, cargo holds, cofferdams, voids, stores, tunnels
and pump rooms. Each space has its own piping but the pump is
likely to be shared.

The bilge main is arranged to drain any watertight compartment

other than ballast, oil or water tanks and to discharge the contents
overboard. The number of pumps and their capacity depend upon
the size, type and service of the vessel. All bilge suctions must be
fitted with suitable strainers, which in the machinery space would
be mud boxes positioned at floorplate level for easy access. A
vertical drop pipe would lead down to the bilge. The emergency
bilge suction or bilge injection valve is used to prevent flooding of
the ship. It is a direct suction from the machinery space bilge which
is connected to the largest capacity pump or pumps. An emergency
bilge pump is required for passenger ships but may also be fitted
as an extra on cargo ships. It must be a completely independent
unit capable of operating even if submerged. Bilge and ballast
systems are interconnected so that each can perform the other's
function in an emergency, ie a ballast pump could be used to pump
out a flooded engine room. They are connected by means of a cross
over valve.
A centrifugal pump with a priming device is usually used, driven by
an electric motor housed in an air bell. The power supply is
arranged from the emergency generator. A typical system is shown
in Figure . The various pumps and lines are interconnected to some
extent so that each pump can act as an alternative or standby for
another.
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

Gambar 1. Pompa Sentrifugal

b) Non Return
Function valve, are
: valves straight, screw
used at highdown
pressure and direction of flow
in one direction. In Ballast system, this valve is used on the
outlet side of the pump.

Has same function with globe valve, working in very high

pressure and just has one-way direction. Usually this valve is
used in order after the pump and another lines that the fluids
shall not back through the same line or just one-way direction.
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

Gambar 2. Pompa Sentrifugal

c) Butterfly
Function Valve
: valve is used to open and close the flow in the pipe
after branching or before the pump and after strainer in
seachest.
A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or
regulating flow. The closing mechanism takes the form of a disk,
which allows for quick shut off. Butterfly valve are generally
favored because they are lower in cost to other valve designs as
well as being lighter in weight, meaning less support is required.
Used for stop valve only, for low working pressure. In this
system, butterfly valve used in order before the pump, and as a
connecting to another equipment to make a standby function.

Gambar 3. Butterfly Valve

 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

d) Gate Valve or Gate Valve remotely

Function : valve is used to open and close or stop the flow in
the pipe after branching or in water ballast tank and this valve
located after seachest box but attached.
Gate valve is a type of valve that is used to open the flow by
lifting the lid gates that are round or rectangular. Gate Valve is a
type of valve which most often used in the piping system. Gate
Valve has a function to open and close the flow. The position of
the gate valve must be fully open or fully closed.

Gambar 4. Gate Valve

e) Strainer
Function : Strainer is used to Strainer the fluid that will go into
the pump from dirty seawater.

f) Strainer
The sea water and fresh water systems on board ship are
provided with line Strainers in order to trap the solid impurities
flowing in the system. Normally the sea water sides has more
number of Strainers incorporated in the line as compared to the
fresh water system as the later is a closed system. The different
applications for water Strainers are:
- Sea Chest Strainer
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1
It is fitted in the main suction line of the sea water inlet
system to the ship. The filter is casing normally fitted with
marine growth preventive system. Normally a strainer is
used in the sea chest so that the flow of water in the sea line
is always maintained.
- Fresh Water System Filter
All the fresh water system such as drinking water system,
sanitary water system, boiler feed water system etc. are
incorporated with a line filter in the suction side of the pump.

g) Bellmouthed Pipe
fluid flow in the End bilge well. Bellmounted enlarged funnel-
suction
shaped end. Bellmounted used in the suction pipe ends bilge
well.

Gambar 5. Bellmounted pipe end

h) Bulkhead Fitting Watertight, Flange

Function : A watertight bulkhead flange fittings used in the

watertight bulkhead. Watertight bulkhead fittings located on
pipes that penetrate the watertight bulkhead such as bulkhead
load space, and the front bulkhead of the engine room.

i) Pressure
Function Indicator
: Pressure indicators are used to gauge fluid pressure.
Pressure indicator placed on the suction and discharge side of
the pump.
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

Gambar 6. Pressure Indicator

j) Safety Valve

Function : Safety valve is used to resolve back pressure on the

discharge side of the pump when the pressure on the discharge
side of excess. Safety valve used on the discharge side of the
pump is connected to the suction side of the pump.

Gambar 7. Safety Valve

k) Flexible Coupling
Function : Flexible Coupling is a flexible coupling and is used to
prevent pipe the breaking because of the motion of the ship.
Flexible coupling is used in the main pipe Ballast System.
 Calculation and Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Function : Flexible Coupling is a flexible coupling and is used to
prevent pipe the breaking because of Page 1 of of
the motion 1 the ship.
Flexible coupling is used in the main pipe Ballast System.
ping System" :1971
 Doc. No. 04 - 14 18 NS04 - B
BILGE SYSTEM Rev. No. 00

Page 1 of 1
VI. DESIGN
Key REQUIREMENTS
NO Equipme Reference Parameter Design
nt
BKI Vol.III Bilge lines and bilge suctions are to be so
2015 arranged that the bilges can be
Sec.11- completely drained even under
N.1.1.1 unfavourable trim conditions.
compartments located fore
BKI Vol.III and aft in the ship, one bilge suction may
Bilge 2015 be considered sufficient provided that it
1 is capable of
Lines Sec.11-
N.1.1.2 completely draining the relevant
compartment.
BKI Vol.III
2015 The required pipe thickness of bilge lines
Sec.11- is to be in accordance with Table 11.5.
N.1.1.4
BKI Vol.III
Pipes laid 2015 Bilge pipes may not be led through tanks
2 through for lubricating oil, thermal oil, and
Sec.11-
tanks N.1.2.1 drinking water or feed water.
BKI Vol.III Emergency bilge suctions are to be
2015 arranged such that they are accessible,
Sec.11- with free flow and at a suitable distance
N.1.3.2 from the tank top or the ship's bottom.
Bilge BKI Vol.III
suctions 2015 For the size and design of bilge wells see
3
and Sec.11- Rules for HulI,(Part 1, Vol.II) Section 8,
strums N.1.3.3 B.5.3.
BKI Vol.III Bilge alarms of main and auxiliary
2015 machinery spaces, see Section 1, E.5.
Sec.11- and Rules for
N.1.3.4 Automation (Part 1, Vol. VII), Section 6, H.
BKI Vol.III Main bilge pipes
2015
Calculatio Sec.11-
n of pipe N.2.2.a
4
diameter BKI Vol.III Branch bilge pipes
s 2015
Sec.11-
N.2.2.a
 Calculatio
n of pipe Doc. No. 04 - 14 18 NS04 - B
4
diameter BILGE
BKI Branch bilge pipes
Vol.IIISYSTEM
s Rev. No. 00
2015
Sec.11- Page 1 of 1
N.2.2.a

BKI Vol.III Capacity Of Bilge Pump (formula 7)

2015
Sec.11-
N.3.1
BKI Vol.III Where centrifugal pumps are used for
2015 bilge pumping, they are to be self-
Sec.11- priming or connected to an air extracting
Bilge N.3.2 device.
One bilge pump with a smaller capacity
5
Pump than that required according to formula
(7)( Capacity of bilge pumps) is
BKI Vol.III acceptable
2015 provided that the other pump is designed
Sec.11- for a correspondingly larger capacity.
N.3.3 However, the capacity of the smaller
bilge pump is not to be less than 85 % of
the calculated capacity.
Ballast pumps, stand-by seawater cooling
BKI Vol.III pumps and general service pumps may
2015 also be used as independent bilge pumps
Sec.11- provided they are self-priming and of the
Use of N.3.4.1 required capacity according to formula
other (7).
BKI Vol.III In the event of failure of one of the
6 pumps required bilge pumps, one pump each is
for bilge 2015
Sec.11- to be available for fire fighting and bilge
pumping pumping.
N.3.4.2
BKI Vol.III
2015 Fuel and oil pumps are not to be
Sec.11- connected to the bilge system
N.3.4.3
Cargo ships are to be provided with two
independent mechanically driven bilge
pumps. On ships up to 2000 GT, one of
these pumps may be attached to the
Number main engine.
BKI Vol.III
of bilge
2015
7 pumps On ships of less than 100 GT, one
Sec.11-
for cargo mechanically driven bilge pump is
N.3.5
ships sufficient. The second independent bilge
pump may be a permanently installed
manual bilge pump. The engine-driven
bilge pump may be coupled to the main
propulsion plant.
 Cargo ships are to be provided with two
independent mechanically driven bilge
pumps. On ships up to 2000 GT, one of
these pumps may be attached to the
Number main engine.
BKI Vol.III Doc. No. 04 - 14 18 NS04 - B
of bilge
2015
7 pumps BILGE
Sec.11-SYSTEM
On ships of less
Rev.than
No. 100
00 GT, one
for cargo mechanically driven bilge pump is
N.3.5
ships sufficient. The second
Page independent
1 of 1 bilge
pump may be a permanently installed
manual bilge pump. The engine-driven
bilge pump may be coupled to the main
propulsion plant.
4 18 NS04 - B

n
are to be so
be
er

suction may
ded that it

ant

f bilge lines
ble 11.5.

rough tanks
and

to be
ccessible,
e distance
s bottom.
ge wells see
ection 8,

liary
n 1, E.5.

Section 6, H.
4 18 NS04 - B

ula 7)

used for
self-
r extracting
er capacity
to formula
is

is designed
apacity.
smaller
han 85 % of

water cooling
umps may
bilge pumps
g and of the
o formula
of the
mp each is
g and bilge

be
m

d with two
ven bilge
GT, one of
d to the

one
mp is
ndent bilge
installed
ne-driven
o the main
4 18 NS04 - B
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page
VII. SUMMARY OF CALCULATION
1. Calculated of Main Bilge Pipe
Main Pipe Diameter dH = 126.82 mm
= 4.993 inches

Spesification of pipe according to

Nominal Size = #VALUE! mm
= 125 A inches
Inside Diameter dH = 0 mm
= 0 inches
Outside Diameter da = 0 mm
= 0 inches
Schedule Number = 0
Thickness = 0 mm
= 0 inches

2. Calculated of Branch Bilge Pipe

Main Pipe Diameter dH = 82.45 mm
= 3.246 inches

Spesification of pipe according to

Nominal Size = #VALUE! mm
= 80A inches
schedule -
Inside Diameter dH = mm
40
= #VALUE! inches
Outside Diameter da = 0 mm
= 0 inches
Schedule Number = 0
Thickness = 0 mm
= 0 inches
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page

3. Calculated Capacity of Pump

Q = 90.56 m3/h
= m3/s

4. Calculated of Head Bilge Pump

Hs = 8.268 m
Hp = 0 m
Hv = 0 m
ML1s = 9.56 m
ML1d = 1.04 m
MLs = 13.23 m
MLd = 3.19 m
total = 35.29 m

5. Pump Spesification
Maker = Shanghai SILI Pump
Type of Pump = Centrifugal Pump
Serries = 100CLZ-9A
NPSH (m) = 5
Q (m3/h) = 110
H (m) = 36

Pump's Electric motor

Power (kW) = 22
Voltage (Volt) = 380
Freq (Hz) = 50

VIII. DETAIL OF CALCULATION

See attachment of Doc.N
02 - 42 18 AB04 - BG
IX. SPESIFICATION OF EQUPMENTS
See attachment of Doc.N
02 - 42 18 AB04 - BG
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page
IX. DRAWING OF ARRANGEMENT
See attachment of Dwg.02 - 42 18 AB04 - BG
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 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1
I CALCULATION DETAIL

a. Calculation of bilge main line

BV Part C Chapter 1
Section 10 (point 6.8.1
Bilge Main Line)

Where :
d = Internal diameter of the bilge main [mm]
L and B = Length and breadth of the ship as defined in Pt B[mm]
D Moulded depth of the ship to the bulkhead deck [m]

Lpp = 112.68 m
B = 21 m
H = 11.6 m

So, dH = 25 + 1.68 {(B + D).L}^0.5 mm

= 126.82 mm
= 4.99 inch

Then for bilge main pipe, it will be use carbon steel galvanized pipe
according to JIS G3454 Standard

Inside diameter (dm) 126.6 mm schedule - 40

thickness 6.6 mm
Outside diameter 139.8 mm
Nominal pipe size 125 A

b. Calculation of main bilge branch pipe

BV Part C Chapter 1
Section 10 (point 6.8.3
Branch Bilge Main Line)
Where :
d1 = is not to be less than 50 mm and need not exceed 100 mm
B and D = as defined in [6.8.1] [mm]
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

L1 = Length of the compartment, in m [m]

= 21.70 m
B = 21 m
H = 11.6 m

So, dz = 25 + 2.16 {(B + D )*L1}*0.5 mm

= 82.45 mm
= 3.246 inch

Then for bilge branch pipe, it will be use carbon steel galvanized
pipe according to JIS Standart G3454

Inside diameter ( 78.1 mm schedule - 40

thickness 5.5 mm
Outside diameter 89.1 mm
Nominal pipe size 80A

c. Calculation capacity of bilge pump

BV Part C, Chapter 1,
Section 10 (point 6.7.4
Capacity of the pumps)
where :
Q = Minimum capacity of each pump or group of pumps in m3/h
d = Internal diameter, in mm, of the bilge main as defined in [6.8.1]
= 126.60 mm
So, Q = 0,00565x (126,6)^2
= 90.6 m3/h
= 0.025 m3/s
= 1.509 m3/m
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

d. Calculation of Bilge Well Volume

The wells provided for draining the various compartments are
to be of a capacity not less than 0,15 m3. In small
compartments, smaller cylindrical wells may be fitted
Bilge wells shall have a capacity not less than 0,15 m 3
Planned Bilge Well dimension :
Length = 0.8 m BV Part C,
Chapter 1,
Width = 1 m
Section 10 (point
Height = 0.5 m 6.9.5)
So, volume is = 0.4 m³
and will be fitted = 13 set bilge well
Total volume of Bilge Wel= 5.2 m³

e. Calculation head of bilge pump

1) Calculation instalation in E/R (Pompa dan Kompresor
Ir. Sularso, MSME hal
H = Hs + HP + HV + total Head-los 28)

where :
Hs = distance from Sunction Well to Overboard
= T + 0.75 m
= 7,518+0.75 m
= 8.268 m
Hp = Different pressure in suction side and discharge side
=( Pdisch - Psuct ) / ρg
=( 1 atm - 1 atm ) / 1,025 * 9,8
= 0 m
Because pressure in suction and discharge have same value
Hv = Different flow velocity in suction side and discharge side
= ( V2disch - V2suct ) / 2g
= ( 32 - 32 ) / ( 2 x 9.81 )
= 0 m
Because pressure in suction and discharge have same value
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

2) Calculation of head losses in suction line

(Pompa dan
Kompresor
a) Major losses : Ir.Sularso,MSME hal
28)
Re = ( D x V ) / υ

where :
dH = Inside diameter Main Pipe :
= 126.60 mm
V = flow Velocity
= 3 m/s
u = 0.0000849/106
= 8.49E-11 m2/s
Then :
Re = (0.126 x 3 ) / 8,49E-11 if Re <2300,"laminer"
= 4473498233 if Re >2300,"turbulen"
= turbulen

Major losses = λ x L x v^2 / (D x 2g)

(Pompa dan
Kompresor
Where : Ir.Sularso,MSME hal
λ = 0.02+0.0005/dH 28)
= 0.0239494
L = Length of Suction Side
= 110 m
v = 3 m/s
D = dm
= 126.60 mm
Then :
Mayor loses = 0.0239 x 110 x 32 / (0,126 x 2x9.8)
= 9.56 m
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

b) Minor losses = (Σ n.k) x v² /2g

No.Accesoris n k nxk
1 Elbow 90o 3 1 3
2 Butterfly valve 2 0.86 1.72
3 T joint 8 1.8 14.4
4 Bellmounted pipe end 1 0.05 0.05
5 NRV Remotely 1 2 2
6 Bulkhead Fitting Watertigh 4 0.02 0.08
7 Filter or strainer 2 2.5 5
8 Flexible Coupling 3 0.46 1.38
9 Cross Join 1 1.18 1.18
Σ 28.81

Minor losses = (Σ n.k) x v² /2g

= 28,8 x 3² /(2x9.8)
= 13.23 m

So, Head Loss in Suction Line

H = Major Head Loss + Minor Head Loss
= 22.78 m

3) Calculation of head losses in discharge line

a) Major losses = λ x L x v^2 / (D x 2g)

Where :

λ = 0.02+0.0005/dm
= 0.0239
L = Length of Discharge Side
= 12.0 m
 Doc. No. 02 - 42 18 AB04 - B
Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1
v = 3 m/s
D = dm
= 126.6 m
Then:
Mayor loses = 0.0239 x 12 x 3^2 / (0,126 x 2x9.8)
= 1.04 m

b) Minor losses = (Σ n.k) x v² /2g

No. Accesoris n k nxk

1 Gate valve 1 1.15 1.15
2 T Joint 1 1.8 1.8
3 SDNRV 2 2 4
Σ 6.95

minor losses = (Σ n.k) x v² /2g

= 6.95 x 3² /(2x9.8)
= 3.19 m

So, Head Loss in Discharge Line

H = Major Head Loss + Minor Head Loss
= 4.23 m

f Conclusion

HEAD TOTAL = Hs + Hp + Hv + Σ H losses (Suction & Discharge)

= 35.29 m
CAPACITY = 90.56 m3/h

g Pump Selection
Merk = SILI PUMP
Type = Centrifugal Pump
Series = 100CLZ-9A
Q = 110 m3/h
H = 36 m
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Calculation and
Specification of Bilge Rev. No. 00
System
Page 1 of 1

h. Specification of Bilge - Fifi Pump

Merk = SILI
Type = 100 CLZ-9
Capacity = 100 m3/h
Head = 50 m
Rpm = 2900 RPM
Power = 30 kW
42 18 AB04 - B

pter 1
int 6.8.1
e)

anized pipe

pter 1
int 6.8.3
Main Line)

eed 100 mm
42 18 AB04 - B

vanized

pter 1,
int 6.7.4
e pumps)

umps in m3/h
defined in [6.8.1]
42 18 AB04 - B

V Part C,
hapter 1,
on 10 (point
6.9.5)

n Kompresor
MSME hal

have same value

scharge side

have same value

42 18 AB04 - B

0,"laminer"
0,"turbulen"
42 18 AB04 - B

1
42 18 AB04 - B

1
42 18 AB04 - B