Relational Database Management System Oracle Corporation Database Computing

Oracle DBA
The Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is a

relational database management system (RDBMS) produced and marketed by Oracle
Corporation. As of 2010, Oracle has been a major presence in database computing for
many years
Practice DDL AND DML commands

What is different between TRUNCATE and DELETE?
The Delete command will log the data changes in the log file where as the truncate will
simply remove the data without it. Hence Data removed by Delete command can be
rolled back but not the data removed by TRUNCATE. Truncate is a DDL statement
whereas DELETE is a DML statement.
What is the maximum buffer size that can be specified using the
DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE function?
1000000
Can you use a commit statement within a database trigger?
Yes, if you are using autonomous transactions in the Database triggers
What is an UTL_FILE? What are different procedures and functions associated
with it?
The UTL_FILE package lets your PL/SQL programs read and write operating system
(OS) text files. It provides a restricted version of standard OS stream file input/output
(I/O).
Subprogram -Description
FOPEN function-Opens a file for input or output with the default line size.
IS_OPEN function -Determines if a file handle refers to an open file.
FCLOSE procedure -Closes a file.
FCLOSE_ALL procedure -Closes all open file handles.
GET_LINE procedure -Reads a line of text from an open file.
PUT procedure-Writes a line to a file. This does not append a line terminator.
NEW_LINE procedure-Writes one or more OS-specific line terminators to a file.
PUT_LINE procedure -Writes a line to a file. This appends an OS-specific line
terminator.
PUTF procedure -A PUT procedure with formatting.
FFLUSH procedure-Physically writes all pending output to a file.
FOPEN function -Opens a file with the maximum line size specified.
What are between database triggers and form triggers?
Database triggers are fired whenever any database action like INSERT, UPATE,
DELETE, LOGON LOGOFF etc occurs. Form triggers on the other hand are fired in
response to any event that takes place while working with the forms, say like navigating
from one field to another or one block to another and so on.
What is OCI. What are its uses?
OCI is Oracle Call Interface. When applications developers demand the most powerful
interface to the Oracle Database Server, they call upon the Oracle Call Interface (OCI).
OCI provides the most comprehensive access to all of the Oracle Database functionality.
The newest performance, scalability, and security features appear first in the OCI API. If
you write applications for the Oracle Database, you likely already depend on OCI. Some
types of applications that depend upon OCI are:
· PL/SQL applications executing SQL

· C++ applications using OCCI
· Java applications using the OCI-based JDBC driver
· C applications using the ODBC driver
· VB applications using the OLEDB driver
· Pro*C applications
· Distributed SQL
What are ORACLE PRECOMPILERS?
A precompiler is a tool that allows programmers to embed SQL statements in high-level
source programs like C, C++, COBOL, etc. The precompiler accepts the source program
as input, translates the embedded SQL statements into standard Oracle runtime library
calls, and generates a modified source program that one can compile, link, and execute
in the usual way. Examples are the Pro*C Precompiler for C, Pro*Cobol for Cobol, SQLJ
for Java etc.
What is syntax for dropping a procedure and a function? Are these operations
possible?
Drop Procedure/Function ; yes, if they are standalone procedures or functions. If they
are a part of a package then one have to remove it from the package definition and body
and recompile the package.
How to check if application 11i System is Autoconfig enabled ?
Under $AD_TOP/bin check for file adcfginfo.sh and if this exists use adcfginfo.sh
contextfile=<CONTEXT> show=enabled
If this file is not there , look for any configuration file under APPL_TOP if system is
Autoconfig enabled then you will see entry like
How to check if Oracle application 11i System is Rapid Clone enabled ?
For syetem to be Rapid Clone enabled , it should be Autoconfig enabled (Check above
How to confirm if application 11i is Autoconfig enabled). You should have Rapid Clone
Patches applied , Rapid Clone is part of Rapid Install Product whose Family Pack Name
is ADX. By default all application 11i Instances 11.5.9 and above are Autoconfig and
Rapid Clone enabled.
Whats is difference between two env files in <CONTEXT>.env and
APPS<CONTEXT>.env under $APPL_TOP ?
APPS<CONTEXT>.env is main environment file which inturn calls other environment
files like <CONTEXT>.env under $APPL_TOP, <CONTEXT>.env under 806
ORACLE_HOME and custom.env for any Customized environment files.
What is main concurrent Manager types.
# ICM - Internal Concurrent Manager which manages concurrent Managers
# Standard Managers - Which Manage processesing of requests.
# CRM - Conflict Resolution Managers , resolve conflicts in case of incompatibility.
What is US directory in $AD_TOP or under various product TOP's .
US directory is defauly language directory in Oracle Applications. If you have multiple
languages Installed in your Applications then you will see other languages directories
besides US, that directory will contain reports, fmx and other code in that respective
directory like FR for France, AR for arabic, simplifies chinese or spanish.
Where is Concurrent Manager log file location.
By default standard location is $APPLCSF/$APPLLOG , in some cases it can go to
$FND_TOP/log as well.
Where would I find .rf9 file, and what it dose ?
These files are used during restart of patch in case of patch failure because of some
reason.
Where is appsweb.cfg or appsweb_$CONTEXT.cfg stored and why its used ?
This file is defined by environment variable FORMS60_WEB_CONFIG_FILE This is
usually in directory $OA_HTML/bin on forms tier.
This file is used by any forms client session. When a user try to access forms ,
f60webmx picks up this file and based on this configuration file creates a forms session
to user/client.
What is Multi Node System ?
Multi Node System in Oracle Applications 11i means you have Applications 11i
Component on more than one system. Typical example is Database, Concurrent
Manager on one machine and forms, Web Server on second machine is example of Two
Node System
Can the default values be assigned to actual parameters?
Yes. In such case you don’t need to specify any value and the actual parameter will take
the default value provided in the function definition.
What is difference between a formal and an actual parameter?
The formal parameters are the names that are declared in the parameter list of the
header of a module. The actual parameters are the values or expressions placed in the
parameter list of the actual call to the module.
What are different modes of parameters used in functions and procedures?
There are three different modes of parameters: IN, OUT, and IN OUT.
IN - The IN parameter allows you to pass values in to the module, but will not pass
anything out of the module and back to the calling PL/SQL block. In other words, for the
purposes of the program, its IN parameters function like constants. Just like constants,
the value of the formal IN parameter cannot be changed within the program. You cannot
assign values to the IN parameter or in any other way modify its value.
IN is the default mode for parameters. IN parameters can be given default values in the
program header.
OUT - An OUT parameter is the opposite of the IN parameter. Use the OUT parameter
to pass a value back from the program to the calling PL/SQL block. An OUT parameter
is like the return value for a function, but it appears in the parameter list and you can, of
course, have as many OUT parameters as you like.
Inside the program, an OUT parameter acts like a variable that has not been initialised.
In fact, the OUT parameter has no value at all until the program terminates successfully
(without raising an exception, that is). During the execution of the program, any
assignments to an OUT parameter are actually made to an internal copy of the OUT
parameter. When the program terminates successfully and returns control to the calling
block, the value in that local copy is then transferred to the actual OUT parameter. That
value is then available in the calling PL/SQL block.
IN OUT - With an IN OUT parameter, you can pass values into the program and return a
value back to the calling program (either the original, unchanged value or a new value
set within the program). The IN OUT parameter shares two restrictions with the OUT
parameter:
An IN OUT parameter cannot have a default value.
An IN OUT actual parameter or argument must be a variable. It cannot be a constant,

literal, or expression, since these formats do not provide a receptacle in which PL/SQL
can place the outgoing value.
What is difference between procedure and function.
A function always returns a value, while a procedure does not. When you call a function
you must always assign its value to a variable.
What is .dbc file , where its stored , whats use of .dbc file ?
dbc as name says is database connect descriptor file which stores database connection
information used by application tier to connect to database. This file is in directory
$FND_TOP/secure also called as FND_SECURE
What are things you do to reduce patch timing ?
You can take advantage of following -
# Merging patches via admrgpch
# Use various adpatch options like nocompiledb or nocompilejsp
# Use defaults file
# Staged APPL_TOP during upgrades
# Increase batch size (Might result into negative )

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Oracle DBA

The Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is a

Practice DDL AND DML commands

· PL/SQL applications executing SQL

An IN OUT parameter cannot have a default value.

An IN OUT actual parameter or argument must be a variable. It cannot be a constant,

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