1.

   (12x + 14) - (6x + 17) 2.   32x2

28x2
3.   [(12x2 + 14x + 13) - (10x2 + 10x + 4)] × 4.   x (9x2 + 2x + 8)
[(-5x6 + 10x4 + 3x) (-5x - 12)]
5.   (-10x + 12) (9x - 4) 6.   (11x6 + 4x5 + 7x) (-8x + 8)
7.   (88x12 + 55x11 + 99x3) ÷ 11x2 8.   [(16x2 - 5x - 8) + (20x2 - 9x + 8)] × [(9x
- 3) (-5x - 11)]
9.   (-5x + 6) (5x + 5) 10.   (-20x5 - 17x4 + 17x3) - (16x7 + 9x6 -
10x)
11.   (8x) (-4x + 9) 12.   (-10x2 + 4x + 3) (5x2 + 4x + 5)
13.   (-14x8 + 6x6 + 12x4 - 10x3) ÷ 4x3 14.   -36x11

63x5
15.   (-14x + 13) (-15x - 10) 16.   x (x2 + 4x + 4)
17.   (-6x - 12) (-8x - 9) 18.   39x2

-42x3
19.   (108x7 + 168x5 - 132x4 + 120x2) ÷ 20.   (20x2 - 8x + 19) - (6x2 + 6x + 20) - (-
8
168x 13x2 - 10x + 16) - (20x2 + 6x - 14)
Classify as a monomial, binomial, or trinomial.
1.   -9x - 4 2.   -14x2 - 14x + 19
Monomial      Binomial      Monomial      Binomial     
Trinomial      Trinomial     

Add.
3.   (14x + 15) + (10x + 14) 4.   (8x + 10) + (11x + 10) 5.   (14x2 + 5x + 19) + (11x2
+ 18x + 17)

Subtract.
6.   (7x + 7) - (11x + 13) 7.   (11x + 17) - (14x + 18) 8.   (7x2 + 17x + 13) - (12x2
+ 10x + 4)
 

Multiply.
9.   (6x) (11x + 9) 10.   5x (4x + 1) 11.   10x (11x2 + 5x + 4)

Use FOIL.
12.   (11x + 8) (2x + 5) 13.   (7x + 7) (5x + 3) 14.   (5x + 2) (11x + 7)

Multiply.
15.   (5x2 + 6x - 10) (8x - 3) 16.   (9x2 + 11x - 9) (12x - 5) 17.   (-7x7 - 12x6 + 9) (6x2 -
10x - 7)

Divide.
18.   24x 19.   72x4 20.   105x

4x 36x2 126x2
 

Divide.
21.   (12x4 + 28x3 + 32x) ÷ 4 22.   (12x4 + 3x3 + 18x2) ÷ 3 23.   (75x4 + 70x3 + 30x) ÷
630x

Add, Subtract, and Multiply.

24.   [(7x + 4) (-8x - 8)] + [(8x + 9) (5x + 25.   [(11x) (10x + 11)] - [(16x + 14) - (10x
6)] + 16)]

Factor out the GCF from each polynomial.

26.   -165x3 + 198x 27.   350x3 - 400x2 - 300x 28.   -135x6 + 108x5 - 27x4

Write each polynomial as the product of two binomials.

29.   (x - 12)9 + x(x - 12) 30.   x(x + 7) + 9(x + 7) 31.   (x - 10)-9 + 7x(x - 10)
 

Factor completely.
32.   x2 + 14x + 49 33.   49x2 - 64 34.   64x2 - 9

Factor completely.
35.   49x2 - 28xy + 4y2 36.   9x4 - 100 37.   4x4 + 28x2 + 49

Factor completely.
38.   x2 - 12x + 20 39.   x2 - 19x + 84 40.   x2 - x - 12

Solve by factoring.
41.   81x2 - 100 = 0 42.   25x2 - 144 = 0 43.   64x2 + 48x + 9 = 0

1.   Factor. 2.   What is the missing factor?

f(x) = -x3 + 5x2 + 66x f(x) = 3x3 - 192x  
= ( ? )(3x)(x + 8)
3.   f(x) = -4x3 - 12x2 + 72x   4.   f(x) = -x3 + 17x2 - 60x  
Is x - 3 a factor? Is x - 12 a factor?
5.   Factor. One factor is given. 6.   What is the missing factor?
f(x) = -2x3 - 6x2 + 56x f(x) = -2x3 + 98x  
Factor: -2x = ( ? )(x + 7)(-2x)
7.   Factor. One factor is given. 8.   Factor.
f(x) = 4x3 - 24x2 - 28x f(x) = -2x3 + 8x2 + 64x
Factor: x + 1
9.   What is the missing factor? 10.   f(x) = x3 + 8x2 - 48x  
f(x) = -x3 + 14x2 - 49x   Is x + 9 a factor?
= ( ? )(x - 7)(x - 7)
11.   Factor. One factor is given. 12.   Factor. One factor is given.
f(x) = -4x3 - 28x2 + 120x f(x) = -x3 - 5x2 + 14x
Factor: x - 3 Factor: x - 2
13.   Factor. 14.   f(x) = x3 - x2 + 8x - 8  
f(x) = x3 - 6x2 - 12x + 72 Is x2 + 8 a factor?
15.   Factor. 16.   What is the missing factor?
f(x) = 3x3 - 12x2 - 180x f(x) = -x3 + 8x2 - 12x  
= ( ? )(x - 6)(x - 2)
17.   f(x) = x3 + x2 - 120x - 432   18.   f(x) = -3x3 - 12x2 - 12x  
Is x + 9 a factor? Is x - 1 a factor?
19.   What is the missing factor? 20.   Factor. One factor is given.
f(x) = x3 + 12x2 - 2x - 24   f(x) = -3x3 - 6x2 + 297x
= ( ? )(x + 12) Factor: x - 9
Complete.
1.   (-2x3 - 2x2 + 12x)  ÷  (x + 2.   (3x3 - 15x2 - 42x)  ÷  (x + 3.   (-2x3 - 38x2 - 180x)  ÷  (x
3) 2) + 10)

Complete.
4.   (x4 + 8x3 - 18x2 - 72x + 5.   (-6x4 - 2x3 + x2 + 72x + 6.   (x4 - 12x3 - 14x2 + 132x +
81)  ÷  (x2 + 8x - 9) 55)  ÷  (-x2 - 2x - 5) 33)  ÷  (x2 - 12x - 3)

Describe the left and right behavior of the graph of the function.
7.   f(x) = 8x - x6 + 2x2 - 3x3 8.   f(x) = -5x5 + x4 - 9x3 + 9.   f(x) = -6x6 - 2x5 + 7x4 - x3
+ x7 - 6x5 3x2 - 3 - 3x2 + 2x - 5

Graph each function. State the points of any local maxima or minima to the nearest
tenth.
10.   f(x) = 3x3 - 6x + 20 11.   f(x) = x3 - 4x2 - 4x - 12 12.   f(x) = x3 + 5x2 + x - 3
 

Factor.
13.   f(x) = -2x3 - 6x2 - 4x 14.   f(x) = x3 + 4x2 - 31x - 15.   f(x) = x3 - 343
70

Factor.
16.   f(x) = 2x3 - 30x2 + 112x 17.   f(x) = -2x3 - 2x2 + 4x 18.   f(x) = x3 - 1000

What is the missing factor?

19.   f(x) = x3 - 8   20.   f(x) = -3x3 + 72x2 - 21.   f(x) = x3 - 64  
2
= ( ? )(x + 2x + 4) 432x   = ( ? )(x2 + 4x + 16)
= ( ? )(x - 12)(-3x)

Factor.
22.   f(x) = x3 + 8x2 - 10x - 23.   f(x) = -4x3 + 4x2 + 440x 24.   f(x) = x3 - 12x2 + 20x
80
 

Is the given expression a factor of the polynomial?

25.   f(x) = -x3 - 3x2 + 54x   26.   f(x) = x3 - 1728   27.   f(x) = x3 - 5x2 - 46x -
Is x - 6 a factor? Is x - 15 a factor? 40  
Is x + 1 a factor?

Factor. One factor is given.

28.   f(x) = 4x3 + 48x2 + 44x 29.   f(x) = 8x3 - 1728 30.   f(x) = x3 + 2x2 - 8x
2
Factor: 4x Factor: 4x + 24x + 144 Factor: x - 2

Complete
31.   f(x) = -4x3 - 24x2 + 32.   What is the missing 33.   Factor.
64x   factor? f(x) = -2x3 - 10x2 +
Is x - 2 a factor? f(x) = 4x3 - 84x2 + 132x
440x  
= ( ? )(x - 10)(4x)

Factor and solve.

34.   f(x) = -3x3 + 54x2 - 35.   f(x) = x3 - 7x2 - 7x + 49 36.   f(x) = 27x3 + 216
243x
 

Factor and solve.

37.   f(x) = -3x3 + 18x2 - 15x 38.   f(x) = x3 + 23x2 + 156x 39.   f(x) = x3 - 3x2 - 6x + 18
+ 288

Factor and solve.

40.   f(x) = x3 + 8 41.   f(x) = -4x3 + 44x2 - 42.   f(x) = x3 + 8x2 - 8x - 64
112x

Apply variable substitution and then factor to find all of the roots.
43.   f(x) = x3 - 49x + 120 44.   f(x) = 8x3 - 512 45.   f(x) = x3 + 729

State all possible rational zeros.

46.   f(x) = x3 - 4x2 - 4x + 16 47.   f(x) = 5x4 + 8x3 - 18x2 - 48.   f(x) = 10x4 - 7x3 - 11x2
32x - 8 + 7x + 1
 

Find all the rational zeros.

49.   f(x) = x4 + 8x2 - 9 50.   f(x) = 4x4 + 7x3 - 25x2 - 51.   f(x) = 3x3 + 18x2 - 21x
35x + 25

Find all zeros.

52.   f(x) = x4 - 2x3 - 6x2 + 53.   f(x) = -3x3 + 21x2 - 18x 54.   f(x) = x3 - 5x2 + x + 15
10x - 3

State all possible rational zeros.

55.   f(x) = 11x4 + 41x3 + 56.   f(x) = x4 - 3x3 - 2x2 + 57.   f(x) = x3 - 6x2 + 9x
44x2 + 10x - 4 12x - 8

Find all the rational zeros.

58.   f(x) = x3 - x2 + 25x - 25 59.   f(x) = 9x4 + 6x3 - 20x2 - 60.   f(x) = 3x3 - 2x2 - 9x + 2
6x + 11
 

Find all zeros.

61.   f(x) = 8x4 - 7x3 - 19x2 + 62.   f(x) = x3 + 7x2 + x + 7 63.   f(x) = x3 - 8x2 + 17x -
7x + 11 10

down 1. down 2.

Use FOIL. Use FOIL.

(3x + 11) (2x + 8) (8x + 12) (2x + 11)

Answer: Answer:
6x?   +  46x  +  88 16x2   +  ?  +  132
down 3. down 4.

Divide. Solve by factoring.

(117x4 + 81x3 + 144x) ÷ 1404x 49x2 - 140x + 100 = 0

Answer: Answer:
x3 ?2 4 (7x - ?)(7x - 10)
  +     +   3
12 52 39 x =   1
7
down 5. down 6.

Factor out the GCF from each polynomial. Add.

2x3 + 10x2 (20x2 + 14x + 12) + (19x2 + 20x + 12)

Answer: Answer:
2x2(x + ?) ?2   +  34x  +  24
down 7. down 8.

Write each polynomial as the product of two Divide.

binomials. (24x4 + 32x3 + 32x2) ÷ 4
-8(9x - 11) + 7x(9x - 11)
Answer:
Answer: ?4   +  8x3   +  8x2
(7x - 8)(9x - ?)
down 9. down 10.

Multiply. Write each polynomial as the product of two

(11x6 - 7x4) (9x - 5) binomials.
-7(5x + 7) + 4x(5x + 7)
Answer:
?7   -  55x6   -  63x5   +  35x4 Answer:
(? - 7)(5x +
7)
down 11. down 12.

Multiply. Multiply.
(8x + 7) (12x) (10x) (11x + 7)

Answer: Answer:
96x2   +  ? 110x2   +  ?
down 13. across 1.

Multiply. Add.
(-10x2 - 11x - 12) (9x + 2) (11x + 16) + (8x + 6)

Answer: Answer:
-90x3   -  ?2   -  130x  -  24 19x  +  ?
across 4. across 5.

Add. Subtract.
(9x + 4) + (16x + 9) (8x2 + 18x + 15) - (19x2 + 13x + 5)

Answer: Answer:
25x  +  ? -11x2   +  ?  +  10
across 6. across 7.

Divide. Factor completely.

45x4 x2 - 9x - 10

15x4 Answer:
(x + ?)(x - 10)
across 10. across 12.

Divide. Subtract.
(72x4 + 60x2 + 96x) ÷ (-12) (20x + 11) - (8x + 4)

Answer: Answer:
-6x?   -  5x2   -  8x 12x  +  ?
across 14. across 15.

Subtract. Factor completely.

(7x + 18) - (17x + 5) 4x2 - 36xy + 81y2
Answer: Answer:
?  +  13 (2x - ?)(2x - 9y)
across 16. across 17.

Factor completely. Use FOIL.

81x2 - 126x + 49 (3x + 6) (4x + 10)

Answer: Answer:
(? - 7)(9x - 7) 12x2   +  54x  +  ?
across 18.

Write each polynomial as the product of two

binomials.
(x + 1)-9 + x(x + 1)

Answer:
(x - ?)(x +
1)
1.   [(6x + 10) - (17x + 10)] + [10x (4x + 2)] 2.   [(5x + 3) (8x + 6)] × [(-9x + 10) (12x2 +
5x - 5)]
3.   [(15x2 + 8x + 19) + (12x2 + 5x + 18)] × 4.   [(-5) (-11x + 6)] × [(11x2 + 16x + 9) +
[(2x + 6) (9x + 4)] (14x2 + 8x + 12)]
5.   [(20x2 - 17x + 8) - (-7x2 + 17x + 8)] + 6.   [(-2x + 8) (12x2 - 4x - 6)] × [(10x2 + 9x
[(-8x + 1) (-4x)] + 11) + (-17x2 - 15x + 12) + (10x2 - 10x
- 8)]
7.   [(-18x6 - 15x4 + 10x) - (17x6 + 16x2 + 8.   [(-4x - 3) (9x - 7)] + [(-10x5 + 16x4 +
17x)] × [(-2x) (3x + 4)] 4x3) + (-4x6 + 15x5 + 11x3)]
9.   [x (3x2 - 8x + 4)] × [(-10x + 10) (10x - 10.   [(-18x2 + 5x + 11) - (-15x2 + 7x - 4)] ×
9)] [(12x5 - 2x4 - 8x2) (-6x + 6) (-2x2 + 12x
+ 6)]
11.   [(8x6 - 8x5 - 14x3 - 20) - (-9x7 + 9x4 + 12.   [(-8x) (10x + 11)] × [(-11x2 + 6x - 6) +
12x2 + 16x + 18)] + [(3x6 + 6x5 - (5x2 + 16x - 10)]
11x4) (-9x + 5) (2x + 8)]
13.   [(12x + 14) (12x - 10)] - [(-18x2 + 10x 14.   [(4x + 11) (12x - 11)] + [(-8x2 - 8x - 9)
- 18) - (5x2 + 9x - 13)] + (-8x2 - 7x + 6)]
15.   [-11x (11x2 + 10x + 11)] × [(11x + 16.   [(-11x7 - 18x6 + 10x2 - 11) - (-20x7 -
14) (13x - 16)] 11x6 - 18x)] × [(-18x7 - 6x6 + 20) +
(4x7 - 15x6 - 11x3)]
17.   [(8) (5x2 + 7x + 6)] + [(-17x + 13) (19x 18.   [(-11x) (2x + 4)] - [(-10x6 + 14x3 - 7x2)
+ 9)] - (6x5 - 19x + 8)]
19.   [(4x - 9) (3x2)] × [(6x - 19) (-14x + 9)] 20.   [(6x7 + 9x6 - 16x3 - 10) + (-14x6 + 7x4)]
 × [(5x - 5) (-2x3 + 12x2 - 7x + 3)]
 Multiply.

1.   (-2x2 - 4x + 11) (5x - 12) 2.   (-11x + 3) (-10x2 - 7x - 9)

3.   (4x2 + 12x + 10) (-9x2 + 8x + 2) 4.   (7x2 - 6x - 8) (-2x + 2)
5.   (10x5 + 3) (-2x2 - 11x + 2) 6.   (-12x - 3) (12x2 - 11x + 3)
7.   (-10) (2x2 + 8x + 3) 8.   (2x6 + 3x5) (-5x - 12)
9.   (6x7 - 8x2 + 7) (-4x - 3) (-6x2 - 7x - 11) 10.   (-9x2 + 11x + 2) (8x2 + 6x - 7)
11.   (8x5 + 3x4 + 2x3) (5x + 10) (12x2 + 6x 12.   (-7x + 11) (-12x + 3)
+ 6)
13.   (4x3 + 5x2 - 12x) (-12x - 2) (7x2 - 9x + 14.   (7x + 3) (7x2 + 3x + 10)
12)
15.   (9) (8x2 - 2x + 3) 16.   (-12x + 12) (4x2 - 11x + 11)
17.   (-6x4 + 11x2 + 3x) (10x + 4) (4x - 4) 18.   (-3x6 - 6x3) (11x - 6) (10x - 10)
19.   (-11x7 + 11x6 + 11x2) (9x3 - 7x2 - 4x + 20.   (-3x + 8) (-4x3 + 8x2 - 2x + 12)
6) (-7x - 11)
 

Solve by factoring.

1.   x2 - 24x + 144 = 0 2.   x2 - 20x + 100 = 0

3.   64x2 + 16x + 1 = 0 4.   x2 - 49 = 0
5.   x2 + 6x - 55 = 0 6.   9x2 - 49 = 0
7.   81x2 - 1 = 0 8.   9x2 + 24x + 16 = 0
9.   x2 - 64 = 0 10.   x2 - 5x - 84 = 0
11.   49x2 - 168x + 144 = 0 12.   25x2 - 60x + 36 = 0
13.   x2 - x - 110 = 0 14.   x2 - 16 = 0
15.   25x2 - 36 = 0 16.   x2 - 14x + 24 = 0
17.   49x2 - 144 = 0 18.   x2 + 7x + 10 = 0
19.   x2 - 18x + 81 = 0 20.   25x2 - 120x + 144 = 0
21.   49x2 - 1 = 0 22.   25x2 - 144 = 0
23.   x2 + 2x + 1 = 0 24.   x2 - 14x + 33 = 0
25.   x2 - 81 = 0 26.   x2 - 23x + 132 = 0
27.   x2 - 144 = 0 28.   81x2 - 100 = 0
29.   x2 - 8x + 7 = 0 30.   36x2 + 60x + 25 = 0
Complete.

1.   (x3 + 2x2 - 120x)  ÷  (x + 12) 2.   (-2x3 + 40x2 - 192x)  ÷  (x - 8)

3.   (-2x4 + 14x3 + 162x2 - 1134x)  ÷  (-2x) 4.   (51x4 - 204x3 + 4964x2 - 20400x -
13600)  ÷  (17)
5.   (x3 - 4x2 - 25x + 100)  ÷  (x - 4) 6.   (16x3 - 6x2 - 18x)  ÷  (8x2 - 3x - 9)
7.   (x3 - 15x2 + 36x)  ÷  (x - 12) 8.   (11x4 + 34x3 - 534x2 + 454x - 45)  ÷  (x2
+ 4x - 45)
9.   (x4 - 12x3 + 4x2 + 192x - 320)  ÷  (x - 10.   (-x3 + 12x2 - 46x + 60)  ÷  (-x2 + 6x -
10) 10)
11.   (x3 + 18x2 + 80x)  ÷  (x + 10) 12.   (25x4 - 60x3 + 57x2 - 24x + 4)  ÷  (-5x2
+ 4x - 1)
13.   (4x4 - 48x2)  ÷  (4x) 14.   (x4 + 2x3 - 90x2 - 162x + 729)  ÷  (x2 +
2x - 9)
15.   (-27x4 + 225x3 - 276x2 + 168x)  ÷  (3x) 16.   (2x3 - 18x2 + 40x)  ÷  (x - 5)
17.   (x4 + x3 - 33x2 - 3x + 90)  ÷  (x2 + x - 18.   (5x5 - 11x4 + 239x3 - 539x2 -
30) 294x)  ÷  (x)
19.   (-3x4 + 12x3 - 147x2 + 588x)  ÷  (x - 4) 20.   (7x5 - x4 + 60x3 - 9x2 - 27x)  ÷  (x)
21.   (-3x3 + 36x2 - 105x)  ÷  (x2 - 12x + 35) 22.   (4x3 - 4x2 - 528x)  ÷  (x - 12)
23.   (-3x5 + 327x3 - 2700x)  ÷  (-3x) 24.   (0)  ÷  (0)
4 3 2
25.   (x + x - 19x - 7x + 84)  ÷  (x - 3) 26.   (-40x5 + 24x4 - 44x3 + 24x2 -
4x)  ÷  (4x)
27.   (4x4 + x3 + 2x2 + x - 2)  ÷  (4x2 + x - 2) 28.   (2x4 + 9x3 - 85x2 - 4x + 288)  ÷  (x - 4)
29.   (2x3 + 2x2 - 12x)  ÷  (x + 3) 30.   (9x4 + 144x2)  ÷  (-3x)
Factor.

1.   f(x) = -3x3 + 3x2 + 216x 2.   f(x) = -2x3 + 34x2 - 132x
3.   f(x) = 2x3 - 8x2 - 42x 4.   f(x) = -2x3 + 24x2 - 40x
5.   f(x) = x3 + 5x2 - 36x 6.   f(x) = -2x3 - 28x2 - 96x
7.   f(x) = -x3 + 6x2 - 9x 8.   f(x) = 2x3 - 36x2 + 162x
9.   f(x) = -x3 + 6x2 + 27x 10.   f(x) = 4x3 - 40x2 + 64x
11.   f(x) = -2x3 - 32x2 - 128x 12.   f(x) = -2x3 + 2x2 + 4x
13.   f(x) = -3x3 + 108x 14.   f(x) = x3 - 8x2 - 7x + 56
15.   f(x) = 4x3 - 24x2 + 36x 16.   f(x) = x3 + 2x2 - 8x - 16
17.   f(x) = -4x3 - 4x2 + 528x 18.   f(x) = x3 + x2 - 57x + 135
19.   f(x) = -4x3 - 16x2 + 180x 20.   f(x) = -3x3 - 24x2 + 144x
21.   f(x) = x3 + 10x2 + 5x + 50 22.   f(x) = x3 - 3x2 - 3x + 9
23.   f(x) = x3 - 6x2 + 8x 24.   f(x) = -x3 + 8x2 + 33x
25.   f(x) = x3 - 13x2 + 26x + 112 26.   f(x) = -3x3 - 66x2 - 363x
27.   f(x) = -4x3 - 72x2 - 320x 28.   f(x) = -2x3 - 10x2 + 48x
29.   f(x) = x3 - 7x2 - 36x + 252 30.   f(x) = x3 - 7x2 + 6x
Complete.

1.   (x3 - 3x2 - 108x)  ÷  (x - 12) 2.   (-4x3 + 72x2 - 288x)  ÷  (x - 12)
3.   (-2x3 + 14x2 + 36x)  ÷  (x + 2) 4.   (-x3 + 13x2 - 22x)  ÷  (x - 11)
5.   (x3 + 9x2 + 20x)  ÷  (x + 5) 6.   (3x3 + 15x2 - 252x)  ÷  (x - 7)
7.   (-4x3 + 52x2 - 120x)  ÷  (x - 10) 8.   (x4 - 20x3 + 98x2 + 20x - 99)  ÷  (x - 11)
9.   (x4 + 3x3 - 43x2 - 75x + 450)  ÷  (x - 3) 10.   (2x3 - 12x2 + 10x)  ÷  (x - 5)
11.   (3x3 + 3x2 - 216x)  ÷  (x - 8) 12.   (4x3 - 80x2 + 400x)  ÷  (x - 10)
13.   (3x3 - 30x2 + 48x)  ÷  (x - 8) 14.   (-x3 - 3x2 + 40x)  ÷  (x + 8)
15.   (-x3 + 4x2 + 45x)  ÷  (x + 5) 16.   (x4 - 13x3 + 4x2 + 468x - 1440)  ÷  (x -
8)
17.   (-5x5 - 2x4 + 32x3 - 48x + 32)  ÷  (x + 18.   (-4x3 + 48x2 - 140x)  ÷  (x - 7)
2)
19.   (x4 - 10x3 + 100x2 - 1000x)  ÷  (x - 10) 20.   (-3x3 - 66x2 - 360x)  ÷  (x + 10)
21.   (-x3 + x2 + 20x)  ÷  (x + 4) 22.   (x5 + 3x4 - 65x3 - 195x2 + 64x +
192)  ÷  (x + 3)
23.   (-10x4 + 96x3 + 157x2 - 51x + 24.   (-2x3 - 38x2 - 168x)  ÷  (x + 12)
198)  ÷  (x + 2)
25.   (-2x3 + 26x2 - 44x)  ÷  (x - 11) 26.   (x4 + 3x3 - 43x2 - 9x + 120)  ÷  (x + 8)
27.   (x4 - 15x3 + 11x2 + 375x - 900)  ÷  (x - 28.   (-3x3 + 363x)  ÷  (x - 11)
12)
29.   (4x3 - 400x)  ÷  (x - 10) 30.   (x5 + 2x4 - 53x3 + 41x2 + 322x -
385)  ÷  (x - 5)

Factorization of Polynomials Using

Algebraic Identities
We know that the  algebraic identities of second degree are

These identities can be used to factorise quadratic polynomials.

A polynomial is said to be cubic polynomial if its degree is three
The algebraic identities used in factorising a third degree polynomial are:
Cubic polynomials can be factorised using Factor theorem

Factor theorem:  is a polynomial and  is a real number, if , then

 is a factor of .

Example 1:

Evaluate 95 x 96.

Solution:

95 x 96 = (90 + 5) x (90 + 6)

               = (90)2 + (5 + 6)(90) + (5)(6)       (Using identity IV)

               = 8100 + 990 + 30 = 9120        (Answer)

Example 2:

Evaluate 104 x 96.

Solution:

104 x 96 = (100 + 4) x (100 - 4)

               = (100)2 - (4)2        (Using identity III)

               = 10000 - 16

               = 9984        (Answer)

Example 3:

Factorise 4x2 + 2xy + y2.

Solution:

4x2 + 2xy + y2 = (2x)2 + 2(2x)(y) + (y)2

               = (2x + y)2        (Using identity I)

               = (2x + y)(2x + y)        (Answer)

Example 4:

Factorise 9x2 - 6xy + y2.

Solution:

9x2 - 6xy + y2 = (3x)2 - 2(3x)(y) + (y)2

               = (3x - y)2        (Using identity II)

               = (3x - y) (3x - y)        (Answer)

Example 5:

Expand (3x - 7y - z)2.

Solution:

(3x - 7y - z)2 = {3x+(-7y)+(-z)}2        (Using identity V)

               = (3x)2 + (-7y)2 + (-z)2 + 2(3x)(-7y) + 2(-7y)(-z) + 2(-z)(3x)

               = 9x2 + 49y2 + z2 - 42xy + 14yz - 6zx        (Answer)

Example 6:

Expand (2x + 1)3.

Solution:

(2x + 1)3 = (2x)3 + (1)3+ 3(2x)(1)(2x + 1)        (Using identity VI)

               = 8x3 + 1 + 6x(2x + 1)

               = 8x3 + 12x2 + 6x + 1        (Answer)

Example 7:

Expand (2x - 3y)3.

Solution:

(2x - 3y)3 = (2x)3 - (3y)3 - 3(2x)(3y)(2x - 3y)        (Using identity IV)

               = 8x3 - 27y3 - 18xy(2x - 3y)

               = 8x3 - 27y3 - 36x2y + 54xy2        (Answer)

Example 8:

Factorise 27x3 + y3 + z3 - 9xyz.

Solution:

27x3 + y3 + z3 - 9xyz = (3x)3 + (y)3 + (z)3 - 3(3x)(y)(z)

               = (3x + y + z){(3x)2 + (y)2 + (z)2 - (3x)(y) - (y)(z) - (z)(3x)}        (Using identity VIII)

               = (3x + y + z)(9x2 + y2 + z2 - 3xy - yz - 3zx)        (Answer)

(3a + 4b)2 (ii) (x - 5y)2

Suggested Answer :

Considering the expansion problems given

(i) (3a + 4b)2 = (3a)2 + 2 (3a) x (4b) + (4b)2

= 9a2 + 24ab + 16b2

(ii) (x - 5y)2 = (x)2 - 2 (x) (5y) + (5y)2

= x2 - 10xy + 25y2

Math expansion problem with large numericals

Example 2 :

Find algebraically the value of 2052.

Suggested Answer :

On expansion the large value can be written as,

2052 = (200 + 5)2

= (200)2 + 2 (200) (5) + (5)2

= 40000 + 2000 + 25

= 42025

Expansion solved problem with perfect square

Example 3 :

If the expression 36x2 + Kx + 25 is a perfect square, find K.

Suggested Answer :
Middle term of the given expression

=2 6x 5

= 60 x

K = 60

Algebraic identities in math expansion problems

1. a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 - 2ab

2. a2 + b2 = (a - b)2 + 2ab

5. (a + b)2 = (a - b)2 + 4ab

7. (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2 (ab + bc + ca)

8. (a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3

= a3 + b3 + 3ab (a + b)

9. (a - b)3 = a3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 - b3

= a3 - b3 - 3ab (a - b)

Example 4 :
If x + y = 10 and xy = 21, find x2 + y2.

Suggested Answer :

x2 + y2 = (x + y)2 - 2xy

= (10)2 - 2 21

= 100 - 42 = 58

Example 5 :

Expand: (a + 3b - 4c)2

Suggested Answer :

(a + 3b - 4c)2 = (a)2 + (3b)2 + (-4c)2 + 2[(a) (3b) + (3b) (-4c)

+ (-4c) (a)]

= a2 + 9b2 + 16c2 + 6ab - 24bc - 8ac

More Expansion problems with algebraic identities

Example 6 :

If x2 + y2 + z2 = 38, x + y + z = 10, find xy + yz + zx.

Suggested Answer :

We have (x2 + y2 + z2) + 2 (xy + yz + zx) = (x + y + z)2

38 + 2 (xy + yz + zx) = (10)2

2(xy + yz + zx) = 100 - 38

= 62

xy + yz + zx = 31

Example 7 :
Expand: (5a - 2b)3

Suggested Answer :

(5a - 2b)3 = (5a)3 - 3(5a)2 (2b) + 3(5a) (2b)2 - (2b)3

= 125a3 - 150a2b + 60ab2 - 8b3

Example 8 :

If find

Suggested Answer :

64 + 12 =