Chemetron

™
FM-200
SIGMA SERIES
ENGINEERED SYSTEMS
DESIGN, INSTALLATION,
OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL
Issued July 1, 2000

Revision C
Revised February 16, 2004
Manual Part Number 30000049

FM-200™ SIGMA SERIES ENGINEERED SYSTEMS
DESIGN, INSTALLATION, OPERATION
& MAINTENANCE MANUAL
Contents
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
REVISION PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
GENERAL COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 1
1.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Physical and Chemical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Agent Decomposition Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5 Equipment Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.6 Reference Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 10
2.1 Sigma System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

2.2 Sigma System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3 SYSTEM DESIGN 22
3.1 Step 1 – Agent Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3.2 Step 2 – Number of Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.3 Step 3 – Container Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.4 Step 4 – Nozzle Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.5 Step 5 – Nozzle Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6 Step 6 – Piping Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.7 Step 7 – Pipe Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.8 Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.9 Automatic Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.10 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.11 Leakage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.12 Effects of Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.13 Sigma Series Equipment List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.14 FM-200 System Design Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page i
4 EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS 33
4.1 Equipment Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

4.2 Sigma System Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5 MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION 41
5.1 Storage Rack, Cylinders and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.2 Discharge Nozzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5.3 Pipe Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
5.4 Electrical Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
6 TESTING, INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS 49
6.1 Periodic Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
APPENDIX 52
Table AP-1 – Total Flooding Quantity (US Standard) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Table AP-2 – Total Flooding Quantity (Metric) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
HFC-227ea Cup Burner Extinguishing Concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
FM-200 Inerting Concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Liquid Level Indicator - Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
FM-200 MSDS Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Metric Conversion Factors Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page ii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURE NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATION PAGE NO.
1.1 FM-200 Typical Sigma System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1 Sigma Cylinder Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.1.1 Sigma Cylinder Valve Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.1.2a Sigma Discharge Connection Fitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1.2b Sigma Check Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1.4A Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.1.4B Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly with Supervisory Pressure Switch . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1.5A Sigma Pressure Gauge Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.1.5B Sigma Pressure Gauge Assembly with Supervisory Pressure Switch . . . . . . . . 16
2.1.6 Sigma Manual-Pneumatic Actuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.1.7 Sigma Pneumatic Booster Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1.8 Sigma Flexible Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1.9 Sigma Pressure Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.1.10 Nozzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1.11 Sigma Discharge Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2.1 Sigma Cylinder Valve Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.4A 360° Nozzle Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.4B 180° Nozzle Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.5 Nozzle Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6 Piping Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.14 FM-200 Design Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.2.2 Sigma Cylinder Rack Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.2.8 Sigma Flexible Connectors Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
4.2.10 Sigma Multiple Cylinder System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.2.11 Sigma Pilot Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
5.3.7A Warning Sign - Leave Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5.3.7B Warning Sign - Do Not Enter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
5.3.7C Cylinder Nameplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page iii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NUMBER DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1.2 FM-200 Physical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 FM-200 Exposure Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.6 FM-200 System Equipment Reference Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
3.7 FM-200 Distribution Pipe Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.12 Elevation Correction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.3.3-I Maximum Spacing Between Pipe Supports for Screwed,
Welded, or Grooved Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
6.1.6.1 Isometrics for FM-200 Fill Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
AP-1 FM-200 Total Flooding Quantity - US Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
AP-2 FM-200 Total Flooding Quantity - Metric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
HFC-227ea Cup Burner Extinguishing Concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54-55
FM-200 Inerting Concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Metric Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page iv
REVISION SHEET
Date of issue for original and revised pages is:
Original . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 1, 2000

Revision A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Revision B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Revision C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Section Number Page Numbers Revision Date

Title Page (blank) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i - ii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
List of Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
General Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Section 1.0 - 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Section 1.1 - 1.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 2.1 - 2.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 & 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 2.1 (Figure 2.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 2.1.2 (Figure 2.1.2a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 2.1.2 - 2.1.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 - 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 2.1.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 2.1.9 - 2.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 - 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 2.1.10 (Figure 2.1.10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 - 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Section 3.2 - 3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 - 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 3.4 (Figure 3.4B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 3.6 - 3.6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 - 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 3.7 - 3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 - 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 3.7 & 3.12 (Tables 3.7 & 3.12) . . . . . . 27 & 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 3.13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 3.13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 3.14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Section 4.0 - 4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 4.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 - 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 4.2.2 - 4.2.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34, 36 - 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page v
REVISION SHEET
Section Number Page Numbers Revision Date
Section 4.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 4.2.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 4.2.11 - 4.2.13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 - 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 5.2 - 5.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 - 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.3.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 5.3.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 5.3.3 - 5.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 - 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.3.7 (Figure 5.3.7C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 5.3.8 - 5.3.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.3.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 5.3.11 - 5.3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 5.3.12A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . April 17, 2001
Section 5.3.12B - 5.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 - 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 6.0 - 6.1.6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 - 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Section 6.1.6.2 - 6.1.6.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Section 6.1.6.4 - 6.1.6.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 - 53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . February 16, 2004
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 - 56 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 - 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . October 15, 2001
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page vi
Foreword
Chemetron Fire Systems reserves the right to revise and improve its products as it deems necessary without
notification. This publication is intended to describe the state of this product at the time of its publication, and
may not reflect the product at all times in the future.
This technical manual provides the necessary information for the design, installation, operation and maintenance
of a Chemetron FM-200 Sigma Series Engineered System. This is a single volume technical manual arranged
in 6 sections, followed by an Appendix.
IMPORTANT
CHEMETRON FM-200 SYSTEMS, MANUFACTURED BY CHEMETRON FIRE SYSTEMS, ARE TO BE DESIGNED,
INSTALLED, MAINTAINED AND TESTED BY QUALIFIED, TRAINED PERSONNEL IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FOLLOWING
STANDARDS OR REGULATIONS.
INSTRUCTIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS MANUAL.

NFPA 2001, STANDARD ON CLEAN AGENT FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
NFPA 70, NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE
NFPA 72, NATIONAL FIRE ALARM CODE
STORAGE, HANDLING, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE OF CYLINDER ASSEMBLIES SHALL
ONLY BE BY PERSONNEL TRAINED IN THE PROPER PROCEDURES IN ACCORDANCE WITH COMPRESSED GAS
ASSOCIATION (CGA) PAMPHLETS C-1, C-6, G-6 AND P-1.
CGA PAMPHLETS ARE PUBLISHED BY THE COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, 1235 JEFFERSON DAVIS
HIGHWAY, ARLINGTON, VA 22202.
This publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose, without
the express written consent of Chemetron Fire Systems.
Any questions concerning the information presented in this manual should be addressed to the Matteson Office.
Copyright © 2004 Chemetron Fire Systems. All Rights Reserved.

Chemetron Fire Systems™ and Cardox® are registered trademarks of Chemetron Fire Systems.
FM-200 is a registered trademark of Great Lakes Chemical Corporation.
4801 Southwick Drive, 3rd Floor

Matteson, IL 60443
Phone 708/748-1503 • Fax 708/748-2847
Customer Service Fax 708/748-2908
email: [email protected]
A World of Protection
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page vii
General Comments
Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC) does not accept metric unit calculations. They
will not be approved for Factory Mutual installations.
FM-200 Systems using concentrations below 6.25% are not UL & ULC Listed nor Factory Mutual
Approved.
UL, ULC & FMRC require multiple tiers of nozzles for heights above 16' 0" (4.88 M).
After an FM-200 system discharge, the FM-200 cylinder(s) should be returned to an authorized
Chemetron filling location for recharge.
Any undated reference to a Code or Standard appearing in this manual shall be interpreted
as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page viii
1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1.1 GENERAL
The Chemetron Sigma series systems are automatic fire suppression systems. These systems use
the FM-200 (HFC-227ea) chemical agent and consist of three basic components. The basic components
used for these systems are (refer to Figure 1.1):
Storage/Distribution Components
Control Panels
Detection and Alarm Devices
1. The storage components consist of the agent containers, container supports (racks), piping and
discharge nozzles for the distribution of the extinguishing agent.
2. The control panel is the brain of the system and is used to monitor the detection and accessories.
3. The detection, alarm devices, and accessories are the external devices that act as the eyes and
voice of the system as they give audible or visual signals.
DETECTORS
JUNCTION BOX
ALARMS
MANUAL
DISCHARGE
STATION
DISCHARGE NOZZLE
PRESSURE SWITCH CONTROL PANEL

(OPTIONAL)
Figure 1.1 - FM-200 Typical Sigma System Components
S/N 30000049
ISSUED: 7/01/00 REVISED: 2/16/04 Page 1
The systems offer fire suppression in accordance with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
NFPA 2001 - Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, NFPA 70 - National Electrical Code,
NFPA 72 - National Fire Alarm Code, and the guidelines contained in this manual. The system and
its components should only be used for total flooding applications, not local application protection.
A total flooding application can be defined as injecting FM-200 into a room, area, or compartment that
has the structural integrity to retain the agent that has been discharged. The design of such a system
requires that the FM-200 chemical agent be discharged from its container within 10 seconds and be
thoroughly mixed throughout the room or area, reaching a minimum concentration level of 6.25% but
not exceeding 9% in normally occupied spaces.
When designed and installed using the information contained in this manual, the system meets the
approval of Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL & ULC).
The flow calculation method has been verified based on an ambient temperature of 60°F (15.7°C)
to 80°F (26.9°C). Installation of cylinder/valve assemblies outside this range for the ambient temperature
limits of 32°F (0°C) to 130°F (54.4°C) may result in the calculation not being accurate and consequently,
insufficient quantities of agent may be discharged from one or more nozzles.
FM-200 Sigma series systems can be designed in a variety of different arrangements. The most basic
will be a single storage rack. The controls used for operation can be manual, automatic, or both.
NOTE
MANUAL-ONLY ACTUATION IS PERMITTED ONLY IF IT IS ACCEPTABLE TO THE AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION
(NFPA 2001).
The Chemetron Sigma series systems use FM-200 to suppress fires in specific equipment or hazards
requiring an electrically non-conductive agent and that may be occupied. FM-200 may be used in the
protection of the following types of facilities:
Data processing
Process control rooms
Telecommunications facilities
High value assets
FM-200 can be used in the hazards previously listed for Class C electrical fires, Class A surface burning
fires where the potential for a deep-seated type fire condition does not exist, or Class B flammable
liquid fires.
Clean agents shall not be used on fires involving the following materials unless they have been tested
to the satisfaction of the authority having jurisdiction:
1) Certain chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, such as cellulose nitrate and gunpowder, that are
capable of rapid oxidation in the absence of air
2) Reactive metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, uranium,
and plutonium
3) Metal hydrides
S/N 30000049
4) Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal decomposition, such as certain organic peroxides

or hydrazine.
1.2 Physical and Chemical Properties

FM-200 (CF3CHFCF3 - heptaflouropropane) is a compound that consists of carbon, fluorine and
hydrogen. It is colorless, odorless, electrically non-conductive, and suppresses fire by interrupting the
combustion process and affecting the available oxygen content in the area of the discharge.
FM-200 is clean, efficient, environmentally acceptable, and leaves no residue, thus minimizing any
downtime after a fire. If exposed to temperatures greater than 1300°F, toxic products of decomposition
(hydrogen fluoride) are formed. The system should be designed to discharge between a minimum
discharge time of 5 seconds and a maximum discharge time of 10 seconds. The amount of toxic by-
products formed during extinguishment of flames is greatly reduced by discharging the agent in less
than 10 seconds. Most materials contained in areas protected by FM-200, such as aluminum, brass,
rubber, plastics, steel, and electronic components, are unaffected when exposed to FM-200.
FM-200 is stored as a liquid in steel containers and superpressurized with nitrogen to 360 psig (2482
kPa) to increase its discharge flow characteristics. When discharged, FM-200 will vaporize at the
discharge nozzles and effectively mix with the air throughout the protected area.
Table 1.2 - FM-200 (HFC-227ea) Physical Properties

Chemical Structure CF3CHFCF3
Molecular Weight 170.0
Boiling Point @ 14.7 psia (760 mm Hg) 3°F (-16.4°C)
Freezing Point -204°F (-131°C)
Critical Temperature 214.0°F (101.7°C)
Critical Pressure 422 psia (2909 kPa)
Critical Volume 0.0258 ft3/lb (274 cc/mole)
Critical Density 38.76 lb/ft3 (621 kg/m3)
Heat of Vaporization @ Boiling Point 56.7 Btu/lb (132.6 kJ/kg)
Vapor Pressure 58.8 psia @ 70°F
Specific Heat, liquid at 77°F (25°C) 0.282 Btu/lb-°F (1.184 kJ/kg-°C)
Specific Heat, vapor at constant pressure (1 atm) and
0.185 Btu/lb-°F (0.808 kJ/kg-°C)
77°F (25°C)
Thermal conductivity of liquid at 77°F (25°C) 0.040 Btu/h-ft-°F (0.069 W/m-°C)
Viscosity, liquid at 77°F (25°C) 0.433 lb/ft-hr (0.184 centipoise)
Relative dielectric strength at 1 atm at 734 mm Hg,
2.00
77°F (25°C) (N2=1)
Solubility, by weight, of water in agent at 70°F (21°C) 0.06% ppm
S/N 30000049
1.3 Safety Considerations

FM-200 shall be used in accordance with the proposed United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) program rules.
FM-200 has acceptable toxicity for use in occupied spaces as a total flooding agent with specific
limitations. Refer to the proposed SNAP rules for these limitations.
In accordance with NFPA Standard 2001 the following should Table 1.3 - Time for Safe Human
apply: Exposure at Stated Concentrations
for FM-200
Any unnecessary exposure to FM-200, even at NOAEL FM-200 Human
concentrations of 9% or below, and FM-200 decomposition Concentration Exposure Time
products shall be avoided. The requirement for predis- (Minutes)
% v/v ppm
charge alarms and time delays are intended to prevent
human exposure to agents. The following additional 9.0 90,000 5.00
provisions shall apply in order to account for failure of 9.5 95,000 5.00
these safeguards:
10.0 100,000 5.00
(a) FM-200 systems for spaces that are normally
10.5 105,000 5.00
occupied and designed to concentrations up to the NOAEL
shall be permitted. 11.0 110,000 1.13
(b) FM-200 systems for spaces that are normally 11.5 115,000 0.60
occupied and designed to concentrations above the 12.0 120,000 0.49
NOAEL and up to the LOAEL (above 9% and up to 10.5%)
NOTES:
shall be permitted, given that means be provided to limit 1. Data derived from the EPA-approved
exposure to no longer than the time specified in Table 1.3 and peer-reviewed PBPK model or its
corresponding to the given design concentration. equivalent.
2. Based on LOAEL of 10.5% in dogs.
(c) In spaces that are not normally occupied and
protected by an FM-200 system designed to concentrations
above the LOAEL of 10.5%, and where personnel could possibly be exposed, means shall be
provided to limit exposure times using Table 1.3.
(d) In the absence of the information needed to fulfill the conditions listed, the following
provisions shall apply:
(1) Where egress takes longer than 30 seconds but less than 1 minute, the FM-200 shall not be
used in a concentration exceeding its LOAEL of 10.5%.
(2) Concentrations exceeding the LOAEL are permitted only in areas not normally occupied by
personnel provided that any personnel in the area can escape within 30 seconds. No unprotected
personnel shall enter the area during agent discharge.
The discharge of FM-200 into a hazard may cause a reduction in visibility for a brief period. Any direct
contact with the agent can cause frostbite.
A cylinder containing FM-200 should be carefully handled. All anti-recoil devices must be in place
at all times when the cylinder is not restrained.
S/N 30000049
The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) (see Appendix) covering FM-200 should be read and under-
stood prior to working with the agent. Safety items such as personnel training, evacuation plans and
fire drills should be considered. Personnel should also be acquainted with the fact that FM-200
sometimes presents a noise hazard during discharge.
1.4 Agent Decomposition Consideration

When FM-200 is exposed to a fire or other hot surfaces, the products of decomposition that result are
a hazard to personnel. The effects of FM-200 decomposition on equipment should be considered in
hazards with high ambient temperatures (e.g., furnaces and ovens).
1.5 Equipment Description

FM-200 systems are intended to be used to suppress fires involving equipment or specific hazards.
It is very effective where an inert, electrically non-conductive agent is required, or when clean-up of
other agents presents a problem.
1.6 Reference Data
Table 1.6 System Equipment Reference Data

Item Characteristic Item Characteristic
FM-200 Sigma 600 lb. Cylinder & Valve FM-200 Sigma 750 lb. Cylinder & Valve
Stock Number, w/out LLI 10481454 Stock Number, w/out LLI 10481455
Stock Number, with LLI 10481462 Stock Number, with LLI 10481463
FM-200 Capacity 304 to 607 lb 455 to 910 lb.
FM-200 Capacity
(137.9 to 275.3 kg) (206.4 to 412.8 kg)
Weight - Empty 356 lb. (161.5 kg) Weight - Empty 473 lb. (214.6 kg)
Diameter 22 in. (56 cm) Diameter 24 in. (61 cm)
FM-200 Sigma 1000 lb. Cylinder & Valve
Stock Number, w/out LLI 10481456
Stock Number, with LLI 10481464
FM-200 Capacity 620 to 1000 lb
LLI = Liquid Level Indicator
(281.2 to 562.0 kg)
Weight - Empty 768 lb. (348.4 kg)
Diameter 30 in. (76.2 cm)
Primary Completer Kit - Sigma Slave Completer Kit - Sigma
Stock Number 20480754 Stock Number 20480756
Kit includes: (1) solenoid valve 120 VAC/24 VDC, (1) manual Kit includes: (1) pressure gauge assembly, (1) pneumatic
pneumatic actuator, (2) 3/16" flexible hose 28" long, (1) 3" booster assembly, (1) 3" Victaulic connection kit, (3) 3/16"
Victaulic connection kit, (1) 1/4" flare x 1/8” MNPT male flexible hose 28" long, (1) 1/4" flare x 1/8” MNPT male connec-
connector, (1) warning sign, (1) Instruction nameplate tor, (3) 1/4" flare x 1/4” MNPT male connector,
S/N 30000049

Primary Completer Kit - Sigma, with Slave Completer Kit - Sigma, with Cylinder
Cylinder Supervisory Pressure Switch Supervisory Pressure Switch
Kit includes: (1) solenoid valve 120 VAC/24 VDC with super- Kit includes: (1) pressure gauge assembly with supervisory
visory pressure switch, (1) manual pneumatic actuator, (2) pressure switch, (1) pneumatic booster assembly, (1) 3"
3/16" flexible hose 28" long, (1) 3" Victaulic connection kit, Victaulic connection kit, (3) 3/16" flexible hose 28" long, (1) 1/4"
(1) 1/4" x 1/8” MNPT male connector, (1) warning sign, flare x 1/8” MNPT male connector, (3) 1/4" flare x 1/4” MNPT
(1) instruction nameplate male connector
Cylinder Decal - Main* Cylinder Decal - Reserve*

* Use these decals plus a Main to Reserve Transfer Switch (listed on the following page) with the
appropriate completer kit for cylinders in a main/reserve system.
Discharge Connection Kit Pressure Switch
Material Steel Material Aluminum
Overall Dimensions See Section 2.1.2 Overall Dimensions See Section 2.1.9
Main to Reserve Transfer Switch Pneumatic Booster Assembly
Material Steel Material Brass
3-1/4 x 5 x 2 in
Overall Dimensions Overall Dimensions See Section 2.1.7
(8.3 x 12.7 x 5 cm)
Connector - Flexible 3/16 in. Manual Pneumatic Actuator
Material Stainless Steel Material Brass
Overall Dimensions 28 in (71.1 cm) Overall Dimensions See Section 2.1.6
Check Valve - Sigma Pressure Gauge Assy w/Supervisory Switch
Material Brass Material Various
Valve - Solenoid Pilot Assembly
Pressure Gauge Assembly
120V-60Hz/24VDC
Material Various Material Various
S/N 30000049

Valve - Solenoid Pilot Assembly with
Supervisory Switch 120V-60Hz/24VDC
Stock Number 20610277 This space intentionally left blank
Material Various
Overall Dimensions See Section 2.1.4
Nozzle - 360° Radial 3/8 in (10 mm) Nozzle - 360° Radial 1/2 in (13 mm)
Material Stainless Steel Material Stainless Steel
Nozzle - 360° Radial 3/4 in (19 mm) Nozzle - 360° Radial 1 in (25 mm)
Nozzle - 360° Radial 1-1/4 in (32 mm) Nozzle - 360° Radial 1-1/2 in (38 mm)
Nozzle - 360° Radial 2 in (51 mm) Nozzle - 360° Radial 3/8 in (10 mm)
Material Brass Material Brass
Nozzle - 360° Radial 1 in (25 mm) Nozzle - 360° Radial 1-1/4 in (32 mm)
Nozzle - 360° Radial 1-1/2 in (38 mm) Nozzle - 360° Radial 2 in (51 mm)
S/N 30000049

Nozzle - 180° Radial 3/4 in (19 mm) Nozzle - 180° Radial 1 in (25 mm)
Nozzle - 180° Radial 1-1/4 in (32 mm) Nozzle - 180° Radial 1-1/2 in (38 mm)
Nozzle - 180° Radial 2 in (51 mm) Nozzle - 180° Radial 3/8 in (10 mm)
Nozzle - 180° Radial 1 in (25 mm) Nozzle - 180° Radial 1-1/4 in (32 mm)
Nozzle - 180° Radial 1-1/2 in (38 mm) Nozzle - 180° Radial 2 in (51 mm)
Manifold - 4 in x 2 cylinders (10.2 cm) Manifold - 4 in x 3 cylinders (10.2 cm)
600 lb Cylinders 600 lb Cylinders
Material Steel Pipe Material Steel Pipe
S/N 30000049

Rack - Wall Mount Kit, 600 lb Cylinders Rack - Wall Mount Kit, 750 lb Cylinders
Rack - Wall Mount Kit, 1000 lb Cylinders Panel - Control
Stock Number 20710361 Stock Number Various
Material Various Material Steel enclosure
Overall Dimensions See Section 4.2.2 Overall Dimensions See individual detail
Detection - Fire Alarms - Visual and Audible
Stock Number Various Stock Number Various
Overall Dimensions See individual detail Overall Dimensions See individual detail
The control panel, fire detection and visual and audible alarms are described on separate data sheets
and not included as part of this manual.
S/N 30000049
2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Each FM-200 system is specifically designed to accommodate the individual demands of the areas
to be protected. The wide range and design of available components provides the flexibility necessary
for this custom design.
The following sections describe the operation and function of all controls and indicators that are used
with Chemetron Fire Systems Sigma Series FM-200 Systems. The flow calculation method has been
verified at an ambient temperature of 70°F (21.1°C). When the FM-200 storage temperature varies
by ±10°F (5.5°C) from 70°F (21.1°C), there is a risk that the system will not supply the designed quantity
of extinguishing agent.
2.1 Sigma System

(Refer to Figure 2.1) The Sigma System permits higher discharge rates and is particularly adaptable
to areas requiring larger quantities of FM-200 or discharges of short duration.
A description of the various equipment components unique to the Sigma System follows.
2.1.1 Cylinder Assembly

FM-200 is stored is specially designed cylinder assemblies. Sigma Series cylinders are available in
three different sizes: 600, 750 and 1,000 lb. cylinders. All cylinders are superpressurized with dry
nitrogen to a pressure of 360 psig (2482 kPa) at 70°F (21°C). Each cylinder is equipped with an
identification nameplate indicating the quantity of FM-200.
The standard cylinder assembly, having a rigid dip tube, is designed for mounting in a vertical position
only. The cylinder assembly is composed of a cylinder, safety disc, dip tube, and cylinder valve.
A. Cylinder: The steel cylinders are manufactured to the requirements of the Department of Transpor-
tation (DOT) for compressed gas and have internal neck threads for cylinder valve connection.
Each Sigma cylinder is provided with a boss to accommodate an optional liquid level locator or
indicator. (The indicator must be installed prior to assembly of the cylinder components.)
Operating instructions and weight conversion charts for the use of liquid level indicators will be
included in the Appendix after testing is completed.
B. Safety Disc: A frangible safety disc is located on the cylinder collar or valve assembly and serves
to protect the cylinder against excessive internal pressure. The disc is designed to burst in a range
of 850 psi to 1000 psi (5860 kPa to 6895 kPa).
C. Dip Tube: A threaded dip tube extends from the cylinder valve down to within approximately 1
in. (25 mm) of the bottom of the cylinder. The steel tube has a 3-1/2 in. O.D. and 1/8 in. (3.2 mm)
wall thickness. The threads are 3-1/2 in. 12UN-2A.
S/N 30000049
PIPE BY INSTALLER
(NOT SHOWN)
3" NPT ADAPTER NIPPLE

S/N 70400133
3" GROOVED COUPLING

S/N 70390540 MALE CONNECTOR (S/N 50440028)
3/16" X 28" LG FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR
(S/N 10260303)
3" - 90° GROOVED ELBOW
S/N 70390542
3/16" X 28" LG FLEXIBLE
CONNECTOR S/N 10260303
CYLINDER VALVE
AND O-RING
MANUAL
SOLENOID PILOT VALVE PNEUMATIC
ASSEMBLY WITH ACTUATOR
VENTED ELBOW S/N 10610729
S/N 20610276 SIPHON (DIP) TUBE
OPTIONAL
LIQUID LEVEL
LOCATOR
(INDICATOR)
CYLINDER
CYLINDER
NAMEPLATE
Sigma Series FM-200 Cylinder Assembly with Primary Completer Kit

Figure 2.1
S/N 30000049
D. Cylinder Valve: A pressure release type cylinder valve having a cast brass body is attached to
the cylinder neck and serves to control the flow of FM-200 from the cylinder. The valve is secured
to the cylinder by means of 4.5-12UN-2A screw threads and is sealed by a cylinder O-ring. A
synthetic rubber seat is attached to a steel seat retainer, which is screwed into the bottom of the
valve. The seat retainer also supports the dip tube.
Figure 2.1.1 - Sigma Cylinder Valve
The cylinder valve has four connections, as follows: (Refer to Figure 2.1.1)
1. Manual-Pneumatic Actuator Connection: This is a threaded connection housing a check valve

and serves as the attachment point for the manual-pneumatic actuator or pneumatic booster.
2. Pressure Gauge/Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly Connection: This is a threaded connection

housing a check valve and serves for the attachment of:
a. Solenoid pilot valve assembly (with pressure gauge) for pilot cylinders.
b. Pressure gauge assembly for all other system cylinders (slave cylinders).
3. Pilot Connection: An 1/8” (4 mm) NPT tap in the side of the cylinder valve cap provides a means
of applying pilot pressure above the operating piston.
4. Discharge Connection: This connection (3 in. nominal pipe size) (80 mm) is in the form of an outlet
fitting that threads into the valve body. The exposed end is grooved for attachment of grooved fittings
(Victualic, etc). The outlet fitting can be removed for replacement if necessary. In all cases, the
antirecoil cap should remain installed or be installed on the discharge connection until removal
of the cap is necessary to complete the connection of the cylinder to the system piping and the
cylinder is securely restrained.
S/N 30000049
2.1.2 Discharge Connection Fittings

A 3 in. (80 mm) grooved elbow, nipple, and com-
panion coupling and gasket are used to extend
the discharge outlet fitting of the cylinder valve
to the piping system (refer to Figure 2.1.2a).
Figure 2.1.2a - Discharge Connection Fitting

Stock Number 20710368
Check Valve
(Refer to Figure 2.1.2b) A check valve is used be-

tween the cylinder valve discharge outlet flexible
connection and the discharge manifold. The check
valve prevents backflow from the manifold in the event
that the system is discharged when one or more
cylinders are disconnected, such as for weighing or
general servicing. A check valve is not required on
single cylinder systems.
Figure 2.1.2b - Check Valve

2.1.3 Bleeder
A vented elbow on the outlet side of the solenoid is used to prevent accumulation of pressure due to
accidental leakage through the solenoid pilot valve assembly, which, if unvented, could cause a false
discharge of the system.
S/N 30000049
2.1.4 Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly

(Refer to Figures 2.1.4A & B) The systems utilize a solenoid pilot valve assembly to provide pilot pres-
sure for actuation, whether system actuation is by automatic (detection device) or manual-electric (push-
button) means.
The solenoid pilot valve assembly includes a pressure Stock Description

gauge and adapter with swivel nut, vented elbow, and Number
O-ring seal that is attached to the pressure gauge 20610276 Solenoid pilot valve assembly
connection of the cylinder valve. The adapter upsets the 120V-60Hz/24VDC
check valve when the swivel nut is almost tight, at which
time the O-ring seal prevents agent loss. With the check Explosionproof Solenoid pilot
20610278
valve open, pilot cylinder pressure is applied to the valve assembly 24VDC
normally closed solenoid valve and the pressure gauge.
The pressure gauge provides for visual surveillance of Solenoid pilot valve assembly
the pressure condition within the cylinder. 20610277 with supervisory pressure switch
120V-60Hz/24VDC
Where cylinders are located in areas not readily acces- Solenoid Valve Description:
sible for pressure gauge observation, or where super- Two way, normally closed
vision is a requirement, a supervisory pressure switch Power consumption - 10 watts
can be supplied as part of the solenoid pilot valve as- Current drain - .261 amps holding
sembly to continuously monitor the cylinder pressure and -.174 amps AC; .396 amps DC
to transmit an alarm signal in the event the pressure falls Operating voltage 120 volts, 60 hertz AC or
below an acceptable level. 24 volts DC
Actuation of the solenoid pilot valve assembly permits

pressure to be applied through a flexible connector connected to the manual-pneumatic actuator, which
in turn applies cylinder pressure to its operating piston.
Top View Front View

Figure 2.1.4A - Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly - S/N 20610276
S/N 30000049
Figure 2.1.4B - Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly with Supervisory Pressure Switch (Top View) - S/N 20610277
The solenoid pilot valve assembly can be removed for servicing or testing without loss of agent since
the check valve will close as the assembly is removed.
A flexible electrical conduit is required for connection of the solenoid pilot valve assembly to the system
conduit. The flexibility facilitates removal of the assembly, as well as the cylinder, for servicing.
2.1.5 Pressure Gauge Assembly

(Refer to Figures 2.1.5A & B) In systems requiring more than one cylinder, a pressure gauge assembly
is required for each cylinder other than the pilot cylinder as a means of visual surveillance of the
pressure condition within the cylinder. The assembly contains a swivel nut and O-ring seal for
attachment to the gauge connection of the cylinder valve. A pin in the assembly upsets the gauge check
valve when the swivel nut is almost tight, at which time the O-ring seal prevents agent loss. The pressure
gauge can be removed for replacement or checking without loss of agent since the gauge check valve
closes as the gauge assembly is removed.
When cylinders are located in areas not readily accessible for pressure gauge observation, or where
supervision is a requirement, a supervisory pressure switch can be supplied as part of the pressure
gauge assembly. It can be used to continuously monitor the cylinder pressure and to transmit an alarm
signal in the event the pressure falls below an acceptable level.
S/N 30000049
Figure 2.1.5A - Pressure Gauge Assembly

Front View - S/N 20240041
Figure 2.1.5B - Pressure Gauge Assembly with Supervisory
Pressure Switch (Top View) - S/N 20610262
2.1.6 Manual-Pneumatic Actuator

(Refer to Figure 2.1.6) This device is required for the manual actuation of a Sigma cylinder and is
attached to a check valve connection port. This is a dual purpose device, having an actuating piston
connected to a pin to upset the fill check valve when pilot pressure is applied to the piston. With the
check valve open, cylinder pressure is applied through the pilot connection to the operating piston
of the Sigma valve, thereby opening the cylinder to discharge its contents. It is important to note that
Port A is considered the outlet of the actuator and Port B is the inlet. To insure quick actuation of
the valve in a single cylinder system, Port A of the actuator should always be connected to the
valve via the 3/16" flexible hose (as indicated in Figure 2.1).
A manual lever and cam arrangement on the actuator permits actuation of the device on a manual
basis, thereby overriding and independent of electric power or pilot pressure. A pullpin and seal prevents
accidental operation of the manual lever. A swivel nut and O-ring seal on the device provides for
attachment and seal at the connection point.
Figure 2.1.6 - Manual-Pneumatic Actuator - Stock Number 10610729
S/N 30000049
2.1.7 Pneumatic Booster Assembly

(Refer to Figure 2.1.7) This pneumatic actuator is used as
a pneumatic booster for all cylinders connected to the
manifold downstream of the pilot cylinder. Like the manual-
pneumatic actuator, the device is attached to the check
valve connection port and the internal operation is identical.
PORT A PORT B
Actuation of the booster is initiated by manifold pressure (OUTLET) (INLET)
created by the opening of the pilot cylinder.
UL
It is important to note that Port A is considered the outlet
of the actuator and Port B is the inlet. To insure quick 3.75"
actuation of the valve, Port A of the actuator should
always be connected to the valve via the 3/16" flexible
5/8"
hose (as indicated in Figure 4.2.11). TYP
2-3/4"
Figure 2.1.7 - Pneumatic Booster Assembly

2.1.8 Flexible Connector

(Refer to Figure 2.1.8) 3/16 in. (5 mm) flexible connectors are used to interconnect the cylinder valve
devices. These hoses have a stainless steel wire braid cover and a Teflon liner, and are fitted at each
end with a 1/4 in. swivel flare nut.
Figure 2.1.8 - Flexible Connector
Stock
Description
Number
10260303 3/16 in. (5 mm) Connector 28 in.
(71.1 cm) long
S/N 30000049
2.1.9 Pressure Switch

(Refer to Figure 2.1.9) A pressure switch is used in the system to implement the shut down of power
and various items of equipment, such as fans; and for annunciation and alarm purposes. An explosion-
proof pressure switch is also available.
Figure 2.1.9 - Pressure Switch - S/N 10170089
Stock
Description
Number
10170089 2 pole pressure switch, indoor use only
70170229 Explosionproof 3 pole pressure switch
10170065 4 pole pressure switch, weatherproof
S/N 30000049
2.1.10 Nozzles - Styles F & G

(Refer to Figure 2.1.10) 360° and 180° nozzles (8 port) are used to control the flow of FM-200 to insure
it is discharged within 10 seconds and properly distributed in the protected hazard.
Figure 2.1.10
Stock Number Dimensions

360° Style F Nominal
A B C
Pipe
Stainless Size
Brass in mm in mm in mm
Steel
10371360 10371415 3/8 in. (10 mm) 2.031 51.58 1.000 25.40 1.188 30.17
10371361 10371416 1/2 in. (13 mm) 2.250 57.15 1.125 28.57 1.375 34.92
10371362 10371417 3/4 in. (19 mm) 2.688 68.27 1.375 34.92 1.625 41.27
10371363 10371418 1 in. (25 mm) 2.875 73.00 1.625 41.20 1.938 49.20
10371364 10371419 1-1/4 in. (32 mm) 3.290 82.59 2.000 50.80 2.375 60.32
10371365 10371420 1-1/2 in. (38 mm) 3.625 92.00 2.250 57.10 2.688 68.20
10371366 10371421 2 in. (51 mm) 4.500 114.3 3.000 76.20 3.500 88.90
Stock Number Dimensions

180° Style G Nominal
A B C
Pipe
Stainless Size
Brass in mm in mm in mm
Steel
10371407 10371423 3/8 in. (10 mm) 2.031 51.58 1.000 25.40 1.188 30.17
10371408 10371424 1/2 in. (13 mm) 2.250 57.15 1.125 28.57 1.375 34.92
10371409 10371425 3/4 in. (19 mm) 2.688 68.27 1.375 34.92 1.625 41.27
10371410 10371426 1 in. (25 mm) 2.875 73.00 1.625 41.20 1.938 49.20
10371411 10371427 1-1/4 in. (32 mm) 3.290 82.59 2.000 50.80 2.375 60.32
10371412 10371428 1-1/2 in. (38 mm) 3.625 92.00 2.250 57.10 2.688 68.20
10371413 10371429 2 in. (51 mm) 4.500 114.3 3.000 76.20 3.500 88.90
S/N 30000049
2.1.11 Discharge Manifold

The discharge manifold is constructed of welded pipe and fittings and is designed to accumulate the
combined flow of two or more containers into a common pipe leading into the protected space.
2 Cylinder, End Outlet - S/N 30370817 3 Cylinder, End Outlet - S/N 30370816
Figure 2.1.11 - Discharge Manifold
S/N 30000049
2.2 Sigma System Operation

2.2.1 Cylinder Valve Operation
The Sigma cylinder valve is designed to maintain cylinder pressure below the seat assembly (C) (Refer
to Figure 2.2.1). The pressure exerted by the spring (B) and the internal pressure forces a seal between
the elastomer in the seat assembly (C) and the machined seat ring in the cylinder valve. An O-ring
in the bottom of the cylinder valve provides a seal between the cylinder valve and the threaded cylinder
outlet.
Figure 2.2.1 illustrates diagrammatically the two valve modes: standby, where the valve is awaiting
actuation, and automatic actuation, where the valve has been electrically actuated.
A. Standby
Pilot pressure is applied continuously to a normally closed solenoid pilot valve assembly. The
solenoid pilot valve assembly is connected to the check valve (G) through a specially machined
adapter fitting. A pressure gauge is part of the assembly to provide visual indication of the pressure
in the container. In the standby mode, pressure is maintained below the seat assembly (C) and
upstream of the seat of the pilot solenoid valve assembly (E).
B. Automatic Actuation
The solenoid pilot valve assembly is energized by the control panel output of the system, causing
pressure to flow through a 3/16 in. flexible connector to the B port of the manual pneumatic actuator
(F). The pilot pressure is applied to the piston of the manual-pneumatic actuator (F), causing a
fill check (G) in the cylinder valve to upset, allowing a greater flow rate of pilot gas to the top of
the cylinder head via a 3/16 in. flexible connector (I). The pressure fills the chamber, exerting
pressure on the piston (A), causing the seat (C) to be pushed downward, allowing the FM-200 to
flow around the seat to the outlet of the cylinder valve. The manual-pneumatic actuator (F) keeps
the cylinder valve open until the entire cylinder capacity is discharged.
STANDBY Figure 2.2.1 - Sigma Valve

ACTUATED
S/N 30000049
3 SYSTEM DESIGN
The information contained in this section covers the design of Sigma Series engineered systems.
The inlet and outlets of the tee branches must be in the same horizontal plane to avoid an imbalance
from the gravitational effects of the liquid and vapor separation.
The design of the system consists of selection and proper placement of the following equipment:
Container(s)
Mounting bracket(s)
Nozzle(s)
Pipe and fittings
Control panel(s)
Detection
Optional accessories
Proper FM-200 system design requires completion of the following seven steps to determine the
selection, placement and installation of the containers, mounting brackets, nozzle(s), pipe and fittings.
Selection and placement of the alarm and control devices are discussed in other publications.
3.1 Step 1 - Agent Requirement

The first step in designing an FM-200 total flooding system is to determine agent weight requirements
for the desired concentration in the area(s) protected. The minimum design concentration for a Class
A surface fire hazard shall be the extinguishing concentration times a safety factor of 1.2. A minimum
6.25% volumetric concentration is required for Class A surface burning type fires, such as wood or
other cellulose type materials. The Class B flammable liquid type fires require a minimum design
concentration at 30% above the extinguishing concentration of the fuel or 30% above the cup burner
value established for the fuel. Design values for particular fuels are given in the Appendix of this manual.
The minimum design concentration for Class C hazards shall be at least that for Class A surface fires
and the minimum design concentration for a manually actuated system shall be the extinguishing
concentration times a safety factor of 1.3. The agent concentration should be based on the lowest
ambient temperature expected within the area. When calculating the concentration levels for normally
occupied spaces, care must be taken to insure that at its highest expected ambient temperature, the
space does not exceed the NOAEL value of FM-200 of 9% as stated in National Fire Protection
Association Standard 2001.
To determine the agent required for any space for a specific concentration, the volume of the area
must be known. Any environmental factors that require additional agent for compensation, such as
temperature and leakage, also must be known. By using the agent factor from Appendix Tables AP-1
or AP-2, or weight requirement formula, we can determine the quantity of FM-200 for any space volume
and select the required equipment. Volume is defined as the capacity of an area and can be found
by multiplying its length x its width x its height. Volume = (L x W x H).
S/N 30000049
The amount of FM-200 required to achieve the design concentration at a specific temperature can
be calculated from the following formula.
Where: W = Agent weight in pounds

V = Hazard volume in cubic feet
C = FM-200 Agent volumetric concentration, percent by volume
s = Specific vapor volume in cubic feet/pounds
s = 1.885 + (0.0046 x T), where T = temperature °F
Therefore: s = 1.885 + (0.0046 x 70) = 2.207
Using the formula above (a 6.25% design concentration for a 22,150 cubic foot room at 70°F), the
equation would look like this:
-Or-
Example: To determine the FM-200 agent required to provide a 6.25% concentration using tables
AP-1 or AP-2, the factor is matched from the temperature required. In our example, the
room temperature is 70°F; using table AP-1, our factor is 0.0302. The volume is multiplied
by this factor to determine the amount of FM-200 required for our 6.25% concentration.
22,150 cu.ft. X 0.0302 lbs/ft3 = 668.93 lbs.
To insure that NOAEL or the maximum concentration level of 9% of FM-200 is not exceeded, a check
should be performed using the tables or formula based on the highest expected ambient temperature
of the area being protected.
NOTE
THE MINIMUM CONCENTRATION ALLOWED IS 6.25%.
3.2 Step 2 - Number of Containers

When the quantity of agent has been determined, the number of containers and their location are the
next consideration. The size and number of containers is based on the agent requirement as determined
in step 1. Review the Equipment Reference Table 1.6 to find the container that comes closest to holding
the amount of agent required. Once the container(s) has been chosen, its location must be considered.
When two or more containers are grouped together on a common manifold, they must be of the same
select size and fill.
S/N 30000049
3.3 Step 3 - Container Location

The container(s) should be mounted on wall frames or columns capable of rigidly supporting the
container mounting rail by bolting or welding.
CAUTION
THE CONTAINER IS NOT DESIGNED FOR MOUNTING ON THE CEILING OR IN SHEETROCK MATERIAL. ALL CYLINDERS
MUST BE LOCATED TOGETHER IN THE SAME AREA AND AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE.
The container should be placed in an area that permits access for inspection and easy removal. The
storage location should also offer some security against acts of vandalism and nature that could damage
the containers resulting in harm to personnel. The preferred location is outside the protected space.
However, locating the container(s) inside the protected space is an acceptable alternative if not exposed
to fire or excessive heat that could impair system operation.
3.4 Step 4 - Nozzle Determination

The nozzles are designed for 180° and 360° coverage. The maximum coverage of a single nozzle is
1,412 ft2 (131 m2)
The 360° nozzle cannot be mounted in a corner or against a wall. The maximum nozzle discharge
radius is 26.6 feet (8.1 M), with the longest side not to exceed 37 ft 7 in (11.4 m). These nozzles
should be centered in the area of protection when multiple nozzles are discharged into the same
hazard. Nozzles must be oriented so that a pair of orifice holes parallels the wall of the enclosure.
The maximum throw distance of the 180° nozzle is 37.0 feet (11.3 M). The maximum distance be-
tween 180° nozzles is 37.6 feet (11.5 M). The maximum coverage distance from the nozzle to a
wall is 18.8 feet (5.7 M). The 180° nozzle must be installed at no more than 6 inches (15.2 cm) from
the enclosure wall and at a maximum of 9.25 inches (23.5 cm) down from the ceiling.
Figure 3.4A - 360° Nozzle Determination Figure 3.4B - 180° Nozzle Determination
S/N 30000049
For both the 180° and 360° nozzle: The height of the room shall range between 1 foot (.3 M) and 16
feet (4.88 M) from floor to ceiling. The nozzle should be placed as close or near to the containers as
possible to minimize system piping. The ceiling tiles around each nozzle must be clipped to hold them
in place during a discharge and prevent damage. The orifices of the nozzle(s) should not be positioned
to discharge on nearby objects.
NOTE
THE MAXIMUM ENCLOSURE HEIGHT THAT MAY BE FLOODED BY A SINGLE TIER OF NOZZLES IS 16 FEET (4.88 M).
FOR ENCLOSURES WITH CEILING HEIGHTS ABOVE 16' (4.88 M), NOZZLES SHALL BE PLACED AT MULTIPLE
LEVELS/ELEVATIONS TO A MAXIMUM HEIGHT PER ELEVATION OF 16 FEET (4.88 M).
The maximum area of coverage for a single nozzle in an underfloor is likewise 1,412 ft2 (131.2 m2) with
the same limitations on height and positioning noted in the preceding paragraphs. The MINIMUM height
of an underfloor that may be protected is 12 inches (30.5 cm). The coverage possible in an underfloor
is dependent upon the density of cables, runways, and other equipment that might be present in the
underfloor space. The maximum figures should be used only for underfloors that will be relatively open.
This requires some judgment on the part of the designer, but in general, if the horizontal line of sight
is more than 70% obstructed in an underfloor, these maximum figures should be reduced by 50%.
3.5 Step 5 - Nozzle Location

The nozzle(s) may be positioned flush with the ceiling or within 9.25 in. (23.5 cm) of the ceiling with the
design radius covering the required area.
Recommended Acceptable
Figure 3.5 - Nozzle Location
3.6 Step 6 - Piping Configuration

When installed, the distribution pipe and fittings shall not exceed the limitations defined in the Chemetron
Fire Systems FM-200 Systems Design and Flow Calculation Manual, P/N 30000034, which provides
detailed information regarding pipe sizing, discharge time, pipe flow rates and nozzle orifice determination.
S/N 30000049
NOTE
THE FM-200 FLOW CALCULATION PROGRAM MANUAL, P/N 30000031, IS NOT APPROVED BY FMRC.
THE FLOW CALCULATION METHOD HAS BEEN VERIFIED AT AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OF 70°F (21.1°C). WHEN
THE FM-200 STORAGE TEMPERATURE VARIES BY ±10°F (5.5°C) FROM 70°F (21.1°C), THERE IS A RISK THAT
THE SYSTEM WILL NOT SUPPLY THE DESIGNED QUANTITY OF EXTINGUISHING AGENT.
Acceptable Unacceptable
Figure 3.6 - Piping Configuration
3.6.1 Elevation Changes

When the elevation difference between outlet tees is in excess of 30 feet (9.1 m), consideration should
be given to rerouting piping to reduce the elevation difference between tees. Even though sound
engineering theory is used to predict pressure changes due to elevation, no actual testing has been
performed incorporating the combination of maximum and/or minimum limits with elevations.
1. If nozzles are located above the container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference between
the container outlet and the furthest horizontal pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest)
shall not exceed 30 feet (9.1 m).
2. If nozzles are only located below the container outlet, then the maximum elevation difference between
the container outlet and the furthest horizontal pipe run or discharge nozzle (whichever is furthest)
3. If nozzles are located both above and below the container outlet, then the maximum elevation
difference between the furthest horizontal pipe runs or discharge nozzles (whichever is furthest)
S/N 30000049
3.7 Step 7 - Pipe Size

Pipe sizes are determined with the aid of a computer and the flow calculation software, but the table
listed below may be used for estimating. Actual diameter may vary slightly due to distance and software
optimization.
Table 3.7 - Pipe Size vs Flow Rate
Minimum Flow 60% of Flow Rate Minimum Flow 60% of Flow Rate
Rate For All For All Sections Rate For All For All Sections
Schedule 40 Sections Leading Ending with a Schedule 40 Sections Leading Ending with a
Pipe Size to a Tee Nozzle Pipe Size to a Tee Nozzle
Nominal Nominal
Inches (mm) Lbs/Sec Kg/Sec Lbs/Sec Kg/Sec Inches (mm) Lbs/Sec Kg/Sec Lbs/Sec Kg/Sec
3/8 (10) 1.55 .705 0.93 .42 2 (50) 29.82 13.56 17.89 8.13
1/2 (15) 2.58 1.17 1.55 .71 2-1/2 (65) 44.06 20.03 26.44 12.02
3/4 (20) 4.53 2.06 2.72 1.24 3 (80) 71.34 32.43 42.81 19.46
1 (25) 7.29 3.31 4.37 1.99 4 (100) 129.28 58.76 77.57 32.26
1-1/4 (32) 12.67 5.75 7.60 3.45 5 (125) 205.71 93.50 123.43 56.10
1-1/2 (40) 17.46 7.94 10.48 4.76 6 (150) 286.54 130.25 171.92 78.15
3.8 Control Panel

The control panel shall be listed and/or approved for Releasing Device Service and compatible with
Chemetron FM-200 equipment.
When selecting a mounting location for the control panel, a shock and vibration free area should be
chosen. If the panel has a hinged door, allowances should be made for it to swing completely open for
service. The standards of the National Electrical Code (NFPA 70), Local Protection Signaling (NFPA
72), and any state and local codes should be followed for detection and visual and audible alarms. The
control equipment shall supervise the actuating devices and associated wiring. It shall also be provided
with a reliable 24-hour minimum standby source of energy.
3.9 Automatic Detection

The automatic detection devices used shall be capable of detecting and indicating heat, smoke, flame,
or combustible vapors that are likely to produce a fire. When choosing detectors, the four fire stages
should be considered. The stages are incipient, smoldering, flame, and heat.
4. Incipient Stage - This stage is when visible products of combustion are present without smoke,
flame, or heat.
5. Smoldering Stage - During this stage, visible products of combustion and smoke are present; how-
ever flame and heat are still not present.
6. Flame Stage - When this stage is reached, an actual fire is present but without appreciable heat,
which will follow very quickly.
7. Heat Stage - This is the final stage, with rapidly expanding gasses and uncontrollable heat present.
S/N 30000049
The consideration in choosing detector type should be based on vibration, response time, and the amount
of dirt or corrosive products in the environment. Ionization (smoke) detectors respond best during the
incipient stage and decrease in effectiveness during the smoldering, flame and heat stages. Photoelectric
detectors respond best during the early smoldering stage. A thermal type detector gives the best response
during the later flame and heat stages of a fire. They are selected by temperature range in conjunction
to the area being protected.
3.10 Accessories
Accessories include audible or visual devices used to indicate the operation of the system, hazards to
personnel, or failure of supervised devices.
3.11 Leakage
Any enclosure must be sealed to insure that leakage of the agent does not occur during discharge and
the required concentration levels can be maintained for the entire holding period. Under most cir-
cumstances, the agent will suppress all flames and fire conditions very quickly. However, when leakage
does exist, it can sometimes make it difficult for the source of ignition to be extinguished. When a room
opening does exist, adding more agent within the room usually increases the rate of loss due to the
additional pressure created by the additional agent.
Every effort should be made to insure the tightness of the room. To accomplish this, the following areas
should be inspected:
A. Walls: All walls should be caulked and inspected to insure that they extend slab to slab. Bulkheads
should be installed in those areas where walls do not extend slab to slab.
B. Ductwork: All ductwork leading out or into the area should contain dampers with smoke seals. Their
design should provide 100% air shutoff.
C. Doors: All doors should be weather stripped around jams and sealed at the bottom. Extra precaution
and care should be taken with double doors. Any door that is required to remain open should have
some type of door holder designed to be released during system alarm.
D. Air Handling: All air handling units should be shut down upon alarm to prevent agent loss or smoke
spread into other areas. If the unit cannot be shut down, the unit should be of the recirculating type,
or additional loss of agent should be considered.
E. Penetrations: All cracks, holes, or penetrations of the protected area must be sealed, including
pipe chases and any wire trays. Floor drains should also have traps filled with water.
F. Block Type Walls: Any porous walls should be sealed, which can be accomplished with two or three
coats of paint.
To determine the tightness of any enclosure, a room integrity test should be performed. NFPA 2001
contains information regarding integrity testing of enclosures.
S/N 30000049
3.12 Effects of Altitude

At elevations above sea level, FM-200 expands to a greater specific vapor. A system designed for sea
level will develop a greater concentration level at an elevation above sea level. To correct for the effects
of a higher elevation, the quantity of agent used should be reduced. The correction factors are listed
in Table 3.12.
Table 3.12 - Elevation Correction Factors

Enclosure Enclosure
Altitude Correction Altitude Correction
Pressure Pressure
Factor Factor
Feet Kilometers PSIA cm Hg Feet Kilometers PSIA cm Hg
-3,000 -0.92 16.25 84.0 1.11 4,000 1.22 12.58 65.0 0.86
-2,000 -0.61 15.71 81.2 1.07 5,000 1.52 12.04 62.2 0.82
-1,000 -0.30 15.23 78.7 1.04 6,000 1.83 11.53 59.6 0.78
0 0 14.71 76.0 1.00 7,000 2.13 11.03 57.0 0.75
1,000 0.30 14.18 73.3 0.96 8,000 2.44 10.64 55.0 0.72
2,000 0.61 13.64 70.5 0.93 9,000 2.74 10.22 52.8 0.69
3,000 0.92 13.12 67.8 0.89 10,000 3.05 9.77 50.5 0.66
Note: Multiply the correction factor by the sea level design quantity of FM-200 to obtain the correct
quantity for a given altitude.
S/N 30000049
3.13 Equipment List
Sigma Series Equipment List
Quantity Stock # Description
10481454 Cylinder assembly filled with 304 to 607 lbs. (137.9 to 275.3 kg) of FM-200
pressurized with nitrogen to 360 psi (2482 kPa) at 70°F (21°C)
10481462 Cylinder assembly, with Liquid Level Indicator, filled with 304 to 607 lbs.
(137.9 to 275.3 kg) of FM-200 pressurized with nitrogen to 360 psi (2482
kPa) at 70°F (21°C)
kPa) at 70°F (21°C)
kPa) at 70°F (21°C)
10610729 Manual pneumatic actuator
10260303 3/16 in. Flexible connector, 28 in. (71.1 cm) long
70610549 Check valve (used with Main/Reserve or multiple cylinder systems)
10170089 Pressure switch 2-pole (optional)
70390542 3 in. (80 mm) 90° Grooved elbow (part of Victaulic connection kit)
70390540 3 in. (80 mm) Grooved coupling (part of Victaulic connection kit)
70400133 3 in. (80 mm) Adapter nipple (part of Victaulic connection kit)
20610276 Pilot solenoid valve assembly with vented elbow 24 VDC / 120 VAC
20610277 Pilot solenoid valve with vented elbow and supervisory pressure switch
24 VDC / 120 VAC
20240041 Pressure gauge assembly
20610262 Pressure gauge assembly with supervisory pressure switch
10611067 Pneumatic booster assembly
50440029 Male connector, 1/4” Flare x 1/4” MNPT
50440028 Male connector, 1/4” Flare x 1/8” MNPT
S/N 30000049
Sigma Series Equipment List
Quantity Stock # Description
Various Style F & G nozzles (Refer to Table 1.6 in Chapter 1 for nozzle details.)
20710264 600 lb. Cylinder rack kit
70360526 Warning sign
30000049 System manual
70360524 Instruction sign
Denotes item is part of a Sigma primary completer kit, Stock #20480754

Denotes item is part of a Sigma slave completer kit, Stock #20480756
S/N 30000049
3.14 Design Worksheet
Concentration Required: 6.25%
FM-200 Surface Fire Requirements
PROJECT: DATE:
HAZARD: ENGR.
VOLUME
Lx W = Sq Ft x H= Cu Ft
Total = Sq Ft Cu Ft
FM-200 REQUIRED (REFER TO TABLES BELOW AND IN APPENDIX)
Cu Ft x (concentration factor) = Lbs
Lbs x (altitude correction factor) = Lbs
Total Pounds Required =
STORAGE REQUIRED
Lbs Req’d / # of Cylinders = Lbs/Cylinder
Cylinders Main & Cylinders Reserve
Minimum Maximum
Qty Cylinder Fill Fill
Used Size
Lbs (Kgs) Lbs (Kgs)
600# Sigma 304 (137.9) 607 (275.3)
750# Sigma 455 (206.4) 910 (412.8)
1000# Sigma 620 (281.2) 1,000 (562.0)
S/N 30000049
4 EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
The installation of FM-200 system equipment requires the completion of four categories and their related
steps.
Equipment inspection
Container mounting
Piping and nozzle installation
Piloting piping installation
TOOLS: No special tools are required to assemble the equipment. Socket wrenches are required
for the smaller bolts and nuts. The check valves, male connector, male connector nut, and discharge
tube flare nut have hex wrenching surfaces. In order to avoid mutilating these hex surfaces, pipe
wrenches should not be used. Instead, use an adjustable hex wrench or crescent wrench to tighten
these items. A minimum of an 18 inch wrench should be used in order to obtain sufficient torque.
4.1 Equipment Inspection

The agent container and other components should be inspected for shipping damage and to verify
receipt of parts.
4.2 Sigma System Assembly

WARNING
THE FM-200 CYLINDER IS PRESSURIZED TO 360 PSI (2482 KPA) [AT 70°F (21°C)] AND MUST BE HANDLED
CAREFULLY. ALTHOUGH THE CYLINDER VALVE IS CONSTRUCTED OF HEAVY FORGED BRASS, IT COULD BE DAMAGED
IF THE CYLINDER IS DROPPED. DISCHARGE OF AN UNSECURED AND DISCONNECTED CYLINDER COULD BE
EXTREMELY DANGEROUS AND MAY RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH, AND/OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY. THE
CYLINDERS, AS DELIVERED, CANNOT BE DISCHARGED ACCIDENTALLY UNLESS MISHANDLED.
UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS, THE CYLINDER VALVE CANNOT BE DISCHARGED WITHOUT HAVING THE VARIOUS
PILOT DEVICES ATTACHED AND INTERCONNECTED BY THE FLEXIBLE CONNECTORS. NEVER CONNECT THE
MANUAL-PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR, PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR, SOLENOID PILOT VALVE ASSEMBLY, OR FLEXIBLE
PILOT CONNECTORS TO THE CYLINDERS, OR HAVE THE SOLENOID PILOT VALVE WIRED TO THE SYSTEM’S
ELECTRICAL CONTROLS UNTIL THE CYLINDER HAS BEEN PROPERLY SECURED IN THE CYLINDER RACK AND
THE DISCHARGE CONNECTION FITTINGS CONNECTED TO THE SYSTEM PIPING.
A SEVERE LEAK AT THE CHECK VALVE ON TOP OF THE CYLINDER VALVE OR AT THE PISTON O-RING SEAL COULD
CAUSE THE VALVE TO OPERATE BY REDUCING THE PRESSURE ABOVE THE PISTON FASTER THAN IT CAN BE
SUPPLIED FROM THE CYLINDER. THESE CONDITIONS ARE EXTREMELY REMOTE; HOWEVER, THEIR POSSIBILITY
POINTS UP THE NEED FOR HAVING THE CAP AND ANTI-RECOIL PLUG IN PLACE AT THE DISCHARGE PORT OF THE
VALVE UNTIL REMOVAL IS NECESSARY TO COMPLETE THE CONNECTION OF THE CYLINDER TO THE SYSTEM PIPING.
4.2.1 Cylinder Weight and Pressure Check

At least semiannually, the agent quantity and cylinder pressure shall be checked. Weigh cylinder and
compare weight with cylinder weight information to make sure that no FM-200 has been lost. A weight
reduction in excess of 5% is not acceptable. Since the cylinder assembly is shipped without a pressure
gauge, a solenoid pilot valve or pressure gauge assembly must be connected to the cylinder.
S/N 30000049
When the pressure gauge has been connected, check gauge readings. The normal pressure at 70°F
(21°C) should be approximately 360 psig (2482 kPa). A pressure drop in excess of 10% of the proper
pressure for the temperature condition is not acceptable. The pressure will vary with the temperature.
The pressure gauge markings indicate proper pressure for a number of varying temperature conditions.
(See Section 6.1.6.1 for the Pressure/Temperature Table).
NOTE
THE FM-200 CYLINDER SHALL BE REFILLED OR REPLACED WHEN IT SHOWS A LOSS OF AGENT QUANTITY OF
MORE THAN 5% OR A LOSS IN PRESSURE (ADJUSTED FOR TEMPERATURE) OF MORE THAN 10%.
IN CONSIDERING TEMPERATURE, IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE TEMPERATURE OF THE FM-200 WITHIN THE
CYLINDER IS NOT NECESSARILY THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SURROUNDING AIR, ESPECIALLY IF THE SURROUNDING
AIR TEMPERATURE IS SUBJECT TO VARIATION, OR IF THE CYLINDERS HAVE NOT BEEN EXPOSED TO THE CONSTANT
SURROUNDING AIR TEMPERATURE FOR AT LEAST 24 HOURS.
The solenoid pilot valve assembly connection of the cylinder valve is fitted with an internal check valve,
which prevents leakage when the assembly is not attached. The solenoid pilot valve assembly is
designed to upset this check valve when its hex nut is engaged with the connection. An O-ring seal
prevents leakage when the nut is tightened. As the nut is being run onto the port threads, a slight puff
may be experienced. This is not abnormal. However, the nut should be tightened quickly to avoid
undue loss of pressure.
4.2.2 Cylinder Rack - Vertical Only

The cylinder rack, consisting of a rail, a strap, and miscellaneous hardware for interconnection, is
shipped unassembled. The rail is provided with 1-1/8 in (2.85 cm) slots on 2 in (5.0 cm) centers for
mounting bolts. Refer to Figure 4.2.2 for the rack details and cylinder clamping arrangement.
CAUTION
THE METHOD OF SECURING THE RAIL TO THE WALL MUST ACCOMMODATE POSSIBLE OPERATIONAL STRESSES.
THE CONTAINER IS NOT DESIGNED FOR MOUNTING ON THE CEILING OR IN SHEETROCK MATERIAL.
4.2.3 Cylinder Installation

When it has been determined that weight and pressure are within acceptable limits, install the cylinder
in position on the rail, add strap and secure loosely with the spring nuts and spacers provided (Refer
to Figure 4.2.2). Rotate the cylinder so that the nameplate is in the front; this should locate the discharge
outlet to the left and angled approximately 45° to the rear. At this stage the strap should not be drawn
up tight against the cylinder. Some cylinder movement should be permitted while aligning the cylinder
valve discharge outlet with the discharge fittings.
4.2.4 Discharge Fittings Installation

The next step involves the discharge connection fittings. These are grooved fittings (Victaulic, etc.)
used to mate the cylinder valve discharge outlet connection with the discharge pipe (Refer to Figure
4.2.8). At this time, the cap and antirecoil plug should be removed. These items are to be kept for future
use, since they will be needed when a cylinder is removed for servicing or refilling.
Using the 3 in (80 mm) grooved coupling provided, attach a 3 in (80 mm) 90° elbow vertically to the
outlet connection.
S/N 30000049
8½"
ANTI-RECOIL
PLUG
A
D
Figure 4.2.2 - FM-200 Sigma Cylinder Rack

NOTE: During actual cylinder installation, rotate the cylinder so that the name-
plate is in the front. This should locate the discharge outlet to the left and
angled approximately 45° to the rear.
Dimension
Nominal
Stock
Cylinder A B C D E
Number
Size
in cm in cm in cm in cm in cm
20710264 600 lb. 53-9/16 136.0 20-1/2 52.1 22 56.0 26 66.0 24-1/4” 61.6
20710360 750 lb. 65-1/8 165.4 38-1/2 97.8 24 61.0 30 76.2 26-1/4” 66.7
20710361 1000 lb. 59-1/4 150.5 29-1/2 74.9 30 76.2 36 91.4 32-1/4” 81.9
S/N 30000049
At this point, the connection should only be snug, since some movement of the fittings will be necessary
for alignment with the system piping. With the above fitting attached, rotate the cylinder so that the
grooved elbow is even with the back of the rack. Install the 3" grooved/threaded nipple to the system
piping and then interconnect it to the elbow with the coupling provided. With the connection fittings
all properly positioned, tighten the nuts at each coupling wrench-tight.
4.2.5 Manual-Pneumatic Actuator Installation

The first step in making the system operational is the connection of the manual-pneumatic actuator
to the cylinder valve. The actuator is attached to the fill check port of the cylinder valve (refer to Figure
4.2.8). Prior to connecting the actuator, insure that its lever is in the closed position with the pullpin
inserted completely through its body and the breakwire seal secured.
Next, check that the probe inside the connection nut of the actuator is completely retracted. Although
the unit is designed so that a spring returns the probe to the nonoperating position, there is the possibility
that severe binding within the unit could prevent the probe’s return.
In the nonoperated position, the end of the probe should be about 1/8 in (3.2 mm) inside the face of
the swivel nut when it is in its fully extended position on the stem.
CAUTION
IF THE PROBE INSIDE THE CONNECTOR NUT IS IN THE OPERATED POSITION WHEN THE ACTUATOR IS APPLIED
TO THE CYLINDER PORT, THE CYLINDER CHECK VALVE WILL BE UPSET AND A DISCHARGE WILL OCCUR THROUGH
PORTS A AND B OF THE MANUAL PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR (REFER TO FIGURE 2.1.6). IF THE FLEXIBLE PILOT
CONNECTORS HAVE BEEN INADVERTENTLY ATTACHED TO THESE PORTS, THE SYSTEM WILL BE DISCHARGED.
IT IS FOR THIS REASON THAT ALL FLEXIBLE PILOT CONNECTORS ARE LEFT DISCONNECTED UNTIL THE LAST STAGE
OF ASSEMBLY.
Once it has been determined that the manual-pneumatic actuator is in the nonoperated condition (probe
retracted), it can be attached to the connection on the cylinder valve. When securing the swivel nut,
align the actuator so that port “A” is aligned to the left. This will orient the actuating lever in the up
position.
4.2.6 Solenoid Valve Wiring Installation

The next step in making the system operable is to properly wire the solenoid pilot valve assembly.
Refer to Section 2.1.4 for the electrical specifications.
NOTE
THE SOLENOID VALVE SHOULD BE WIRED IN FLEXIBLE CONDUIT IN SUCH A MANNER THAT IT WILL NOT CREATE
A PROBLEM WHEN IT COMES TIME TO WEIGH OR SERVICE THE CYLINDER.
4.2.7 Solenoid Pilot Valve Installation

The next step (after making sure the solenoid is not energized) in making the system operable
is to remove the protective cap from the other cylinder valve connection and attach the solenoid pilot
valve assembly to this port (refer to Figure 4.2.8). Using the swivel nut, make certain that the nut is
tightly secured.
S/N 30000049
NOTE
THE SOLENOID PILOT VALVE ASSEMBLY HAS AN INTERNAL PROBE THAT UPSETS THE CHECK VALVE WHEN THE
SWIVEL NUT IS ALMOST SECURED. AN INTERNAL O-RING IS DESIGNED TO SEAL THE CONNECTION BEFORE THE
SWIVEL NUT IS SECURED, THEREBY ELIMINATING ANY APPRECIABLE LEAKAGE WHEN CONNECTION IS BEING MADE.
IF THE CYLINDER CHECK VALVE HAS BEEN PROPERLY UPSET BY ATTACHMENT OF THE SOLENOID PILOT VALVE,
THE PRESSURE GAUGE SHOULD INDICATE A PRESSURE OF 360 PSI (2482 KPA) WHEN THE CYLINDER CONTENTS
ARE AT 70°F (21°C).
Although the solenoid valves are throughly tested for leaks, there is the possibility that a particle of
foreign material may enter the assembly during handling or while attaching it to the cylinder valve.
The solenoid valve can be tested for leaks while under pressure by attaching a flare cap to the elbow
outlet and applying leak detector solution to the small vent hole at the bottom of elbow. Leak Tec,
Formula 372 has been found to be an excellent solution for this purpose. The appearance of bubbles
at the vent hole indicates leakage through the solenoid valve. If a leak is found, the solenoid pilot valve
assembly should be removed from the cylinder valve to avoid loss of cylinder contents and corrective
action taken to eliminate the leak source, or replace the solenoid pilot valve assembly. Other potential
sources of leakage can also be checked by application of leak detector solution to other threaded
connections of the assembly.
4.2.8 Flexible Connectors Installation

Once all pilot services have been installed, the flexible connectors can be attached. (Refer to Figure
4.2.8).
Attach one end of a 3/16 in. diameter x 28 in. (71.1 cm) long flexible connector to the solenoid valve
elbow and the other end to port B of the manual-pneumatic actuator.
Next, attach one end of a 3/16 in. diameter x 28 in. (71.1 cm) long flexible connector to port A of the
manual-pneumatic actuator.
PIPE BY INSTALLER
(NOT SHOWN)
3" NPT ADAPTER NIPPLE

S/N 70400133
3" GROOVED COUPLING

S/N 70390540 MALE CONNECTOR (S/N 50440028)
CONNECTOR (S/N 10260303)
3" - 90° GROOVED ELBOW
S/N 70390542
CONNECTOR S/N 10260303
CYLINDER VALVE
MANUAL
SOLENOID PILOT VALVE PNEUMATIC
ASSEMBLY WITH ACTUATOR
VENTED ELBOW S/N 10610729
S/N 20610276
Figure 4.2.8 - Flexible Connectors Installation
S/N 30000049
4.2.9 Final Connections to Arm System

Connect the loose end of the flexible connector (already connected to port A of the manual-pneumatic
actuator) to the cylinder valve (as indicated in Figure 4.2.8) and tighten with a wrench. Insure all other
attachments are tight.
CAUTION
AT THIS POINT, THE SYSTEM IS COMPLETELY ARMED AND ACTUATION OF EITHER THE SOLENOID PILOT VALVE
OR THE MANUAL-PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR WILL CAUSE THE SYSTEM TO DISCHARGE.
4.2.10 Multiple Cylinder System

If multiple cylinders are needed to protect a hazard, it will be necessary to install a 1/4", Schedule 40
pilot manifold as shown in Figure 4.2.10. When two or more cylinders are grouped together on a
common discharge manifold, they must be of the same select size and fill
As an alternative to pilot lines and the actuation of multiple cylinders pneumatically, multiple cylinders
protecting a single hazard may be discharged electronically from a releasing
control panel with multiple releasing circuit capability. The releasing
control panel is required to be listed by UL and ULC and approved
by FMRC for the application and all cylinders must be
discharged within one second of each other.
All cylinders other than the pilot cylinders are

called slave cylinders. The valves for these
cylinders are identical in operation to
those on a pilot cylinder. The slave
cylinders include a pressure gauge
assembly and a pneumatic booster
assembly. They have neither a solenoid
pilot valve assembly nor manual-pneumatic
actuator. The slave cylinders are operated by
the application of pilot pressure from a pilot 1/4", SCHEDULE 40
cylinder to the pneumatic booster located on

the side of each cylinder valve. A single pilot
cylinder may operate up to 7 slave
cylinders. The maximum distance
between the pilot cylinder and the last
slave cylinder can be no more than
43'-0", with the distance between any
two adjacent cylinders not exceeding
25'-0", unless there is only one master and
one slave cylinder, then the maximum distance
between two adjacent cylinders should not ex-
ceed 43'-0".
Figure 4.2.10 - Sigma Multiple Cylinder System
S/N 30000049
4.2.11 Pilot Connections

Install the necessary cylinders as needed to protect the hazard. The pilot connection shown in Figure
4.2.11 reflects the proper installation of the cylinder assemblies to the pilot manifold. It is important
to note that for both the manual-pneumatic actuator and the pneumatic booster assembly, Port A is
considered the outlet of the actuator and Port B is the inlet. To insure quick actuation of the cylinder
valves in a multiple cylinder system, Port A of the manual-pneumatic actuator on the pilot cylinder should
always be connected to the pilot manifold via the 3/16" flexible hose, while Port A of the pneumatic
booster assembly on the slave cylinder(s) should be connected to the valve(s) (as indicated in Figure
4.2.11).
NOTE
ALL CYLINDERS MUST BE LOCATED TOGETHER IN THE SAME AREA AND AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE WHEN THERE
IS MORE THAN ONE SLAVE CYLINDER.
Figure 4.2.11 - Sigma Pilot Connections
4.2.12 Discharge Manifold/Check Valve Assembly

Install check valves to the manifold bottom outlets by means of 3" schedule 40 steel pipe nipples that
are of a length that will place the manifold just above the cylinder rack. (These are not furnished, but
the suggested length is 9".)
The check valves should be installed so that the large service plug on the valve is facing forward and
the 3/8" brass plug is at the top. The flow direction is indicated by an arrow stamped on the body of
the valve.
Next, install the 3" nipple to the inlet side of each check valve. Use a good grade pipe dope or Teflon
tape on the pipe threads and securely tighten the check valve and pipe nipple assemblies so that they
are the same overall length. This is necessary for easy attachment to the cylinders using the grooved
fittings.
S/N 30000049
4.2.13 Manifold/Cylinder Connection

Mount the discharge manifold with the check valves and pipe nipples already installed and connect
to the cylinders by means of 3" grooved couplings. During the alignment procedure, it may be necessary
to turn the cylinders slightly. When completed, the manifold should be level and the cylinder connection
vertical. Correct alignment is essential for proper mating and an ultimately tight seal.
When the connection fittings are all properly positioned, tighten the nuts at each grooved coupling
wrench-tight. After the fittings are secured, tighten the hex head cap screws to firmly secure the cylinder
straps. This will snug the cylinder into position.
In addition to being attached to the cylinders, the manifold must be bracketed to a wall or the rack itself
for rigidity during system discharge, or when the cylinders are removed for servicing.
NOTE
WHEN THE GROOVED COUPLINGS ARE TIGHT (NO GAP BETWEEN THE PARTS), THE JOINT WILL BE SUBJECT TO
SOME MOVEMENT. THIS IS NORMAL.
IF ANY CYLINDER CONNECTION CANNOT BE MADE, REPLACE THE CAP AND RECOIL PLUG AND CORRECT
THE PROBLEM.
S/N 30000049
5 MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
The following minimum requirements for installing FM-200 systems shall govern except where the
requirements of a specific job site specification are more rigid and take precedence. Materials must
be new and of the highest grade, free from defects and imperfections; they must be the products of
reputable manufacturers. Workmanship must be in accordance with the best modern standard practices.
5.1 Storage Rack, Cylinder, and Accessories

Whenever possible, the cylinders shall not be located within the area which they are designed to protect.
Storage containers and accessories shall be so located and arranged that inspection, testing, recharging,
and other maintenance is facilitated and interruption of protection is held to a minimum. Items must
not be located where they will be subject to severe weather conditions, or to mechanical, chemical,
or other damage which would render them inoperative.
Cylinders should be installed on a level, hard surface in a dry location where the normal surrounding
indoor air temperature remains at 70°F ±10°F (21.1°C ±5.5°C). Testing has verified equipment will
function between 32°F (0°C) and 130°F (54°C). However, storage at temperatures other than 70°F
±10° (21.1°C ±5.5°) may result in calculations not being accurate, and consequently, designed quantities
of agent may not be discharged from one or more nozzles.
NOTE
ALL CYLINDERS MUST BE LOCATED TOGETHER IN THE SAME AREA AND AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE.
5.2 Discharge Nozzle

The discharge nozzle is the ultimate device which delivers the extinguishing agent to the hazard area.
The nozzle serves two functions:
1. It controls the agent discharge rate in union with the piping network; and
2. It provides the desired distribution of agent in the protected hazard.
NOTE
CEILING TILES MUST BE CLIPPED IN PLACE WITH APPROVED DEVICES AT NOZZLE LOCATIONS TO AVOID MOVEMENT
DURING A DISCHARGE.
5.2.1 Nozzle Use and Installation

The systems covered in this manual are designed for the nozzle to be mounted as described and shown
in Sections 3.4 and 3.5 of this manual. Their installation should allow for unobstructed flow of the
discharge stream. This means that the orifice alignment should be such that the discharge avoids
impingement on obstacles such as duct work or lighting fixtures.
S/N 30000049
This maximum area information still requires some judgement on the part of the designer, depending
in part on the density of equipment or objects that may be present in the protected space.
NOTE
THE DISCHARGE NOZZLES SHALL BE INSTALLED IN A MANNER SO THAT THEY WILL NOT POTENTIALLY CAUSE
INJURY TO PERSONNEL. WHEN DISCHARGED FROM THE NOZZLE, THE AGENT SHOULD NOT DIRECTLY IMPINGE
ON AREAS WHERE PERSONNEL MIGHT BE FOUND IN THE NORMAL WORK AREA. THE AGENT SHALL NOT IMPINGE
ON ANY LOOSE OBJECTS ON SHELVES, CABINET TOPS, OR SIMILAR SURFACES WHERE LOOSE OBJECTS COULD
BE PRESENT AND BECOME MISSILES.
Eight port radial nozzles are used for all areas. The nozzles are drilled with two rows of orifices.
5.3 Pipe Installation

The piping between the storage cylinders and the nozzles shown on the system drawing should be
the shortest route allowable with a minimum of elbows and fittings.
NOTE
ALL PLANS MUST BE APPROVED BY THOSE AUTHORITIES HAVING JURISDICTION OVER THE PROJECT PRIOR TO
BEGINNING ANY INSTALLATION WORK.
5.3.1 Discharge Piping

5.3.1.1 Ferrous Piping
Black or galvanized, ASTM A-53 seamless or electric resistance welded, Grade A or B; or A-106 Grade
A, B, or C, ANSI B-36.10 is suitable for use. Ordinary cast iron pipe, steel pipe conforming to ASTM
A-120, or non-metallic pipe MUST NOT be used.
5.3.1.2 Schedule 40 Pipe

For 360 psig (2482 kPa) storage pressures [maximum storage temperature 130°F (54°C)], Schedule
40 pipe may be used as follows:
A-53, Grade A ERW, Threaded End 3/8 in. through 6 in.

A-53, Grade A ERW, Welded Connections 3/8 in. through 6 in.
Seamless, Welded or
A-53, Grade A & B 3/8 in. through 6 in.
Threaded Connections
Welded or
A-106, Grade A, B, & C 3/8 in. through 6 in.
Threaded Connections
S/N 30000049
5.3.2 Discharge Piping Joints

A. Pipe fittings shall be black for normal atmospheres and galvanized for moist or corrosive
atmospheres. Reduction must be made with reducing fittings, concentric reducers, and reducing
couplings. Flush bushings MUST NOT be used.
NOTE
DO NOT USE STREET ELBOWS OR CROSSES.
B. Class 150 lb and cast iron fittings MAY NOT BE USED.
C. 1. Fittings must have a minimum working pressure equal to or greater than the minimum piping
design pressure of 402 psig (2772 kPa) at 70°F (21.1°C), as indicated in NFPA 2001.
2. Class 300 lb malleable or ductile iron fittings in sizes 3 inch (76 mm) and smaller or 1000 lb.
ductile iron or forged steel fittings in sizes greater than 3 inch (76 mm) are to be used. Class
300 lb flanged joints are acceptable for use in all sizes.
3. Butt-weld welding fittings should be of schedule to match the piping.
4. Grooved fittings with companion gasketed couplings must be Underwriters Laboratories listed
or Factory Mutual Research Corporation approved for FM-200 extinguishing systems.
D. The above listed materials do not preclude the use of other materials which would satisfy the
requirements set forth in NFPA 2001.
E. Ductile iron fittings must be UL listed, of the appropriate weight, and bear identifying marks.
F. All unions should be of the ground joint type with both seating surfaces matched.
G. Tees shall be side-thru only.
5.3.3 Pipe Hangers and Supports

A. All supports and parts thereof shall conform to the requirements for pressure piping ANSI B31.1,
latest issue except as modified and supplemented by the requirements of this specification.
B. Conventional hanger design which is generally accepted as good practice, using standard stock
or production units as manufactured by recognized reputable manufacturers, shall be utilized
whenever possible but within the limits as set forth hereafter.
C. All piping must be solidly anchored to walls, ceiling structure or columns by angle iron brackets,
“Unistrut” [P5500 - .105 in. (2.67 mm) thick] or equivalent brackets where longitudinal or lateral
sway may occur. Particular attention must be paid to the bracing of all piping changes in direction
and nozzle piping.
S/N 30000049
D. All piping must be securely anchored to rigid support by means of “U” bolts locked with double
nuts. Pipe supports and parts shall be steel and adequate to support the pipe in a sub-cold condition,
and to allow for free and ample movement for contraction except where anchored, thereby
preventing excessive stress. Pipe shall be supported and anchored as the piping system requires.
E. Grooved pipe, fittings, and couplings must be supported and anchored exactly per the manu-
facturer’s specification. Installation shall be such as to allow for contraction over the anticipated
temperature range and pressure thrusts.
F. Cast iron supports, half clamps, conduit clamps, malleable iron ring-type hangers, single beam
clamps, or “C” clamps shall NOT be used to support piping.
G. All parts of the supporting equipment must be fabricated and installed so that they will not be
disengaged or distorted by movement of the supported pipe. A pipe line must NOT be supported
from another pipe line.
Table 5.3.3-I
H. All pipe supports shall be installed to avoid
Maximum Spacing Between Pipe Supports
interference with other piping, hangers, electrical
for Screwed, Welded or Grooved Pipe
conduit, and supports or building structure and
equipment. Nominal Pipe Size Maximum Span
NPS In. DN MM Feet Meters
I. Supports shall be sufficiently close together to .25 8 5 1.5
avoid excessive bending stresses from concen-
.5 15 5 1.5
trated loads between supports. Spacing between
supports is shown in Table 5.3.3-I. No grooved .75 20 6 1.8
pipe length should be left unsupported between 1 25 7 2.1
any two couplings. 1.25 32 8 2.4
1.5 40 9 2.7
J. Where rod type hangers are permitted for inter-
2 50 10 3.0
mediate support between rigid supports, they
shall be a steel clevis hanger of the proper size 2.5 65 11 3.3
for the supported pipe and with solid bar-type 3 80 12 3.6
hanger rod. Hanger rods shall not be subjected 4 100 14 4.3
to stresses due to bending.
NOTE
“C” CLAMPS ARE NOT ACCEPTABLE TO SUPPORT ROD HANGERS.
Generally it is acceptable to alternate hangers on rods. Where an intermediate hanger is used

between two rigid supports, the distance between hangers shall be reduced to approximately 75
percent of the distances shown in Table 5.3.3-I. “Unistrut” channel P5500 or HS or equal may be
used as an intermittent hanger regardless of pipe size.
5.3.4 Pilot Manifold Piping and Fittings

A. Fittings shall have a minimum rated working pressure equal to or greater than 502 psi, which is
the maximum pressure in the container at 130°F (54.4°C).
S/N 30000049
B. Threaded fittings shall be either Class 300 malleable or ductile iron. Cast iron fittings shall not be
used.
C. Pipe shall be steel, Schedule 40, ASTM A-53 seamless or electric resistance welded, Grade A
or B; or A-106 Grade A, B, or C, ANSI B-36.10. Ordinary cast iron pipe, steel pipe conforming to
ASTM A-120, or non-metallic pipe must NOT be used. If tubing is used, it should be 3/8 in. (9.5
mm) soft copper with .035 in. (.89 mm) wall.
D. Support manifold with straps or brackets to prevent sagging.
E. All threaded pilot piping connections shall be treated with a suitable pipe sealant or teflon tape.
5.3.5 Workmanship and Fabrication

A. The contractor must provide the necessary tools and materials that will allow him to complete the
installation without delay and in conformance with this specification.
B. Pipe tees supplying branch lines are to be installed with both outlets discharging horizontally. This
does not apply to manifold piping for groups of cylinders.
C. Screwed pipe and fittings should have clean cut and full length threads.
D. Screwed pipe joints should conform to ANSI B-2.1 and should be treated with teflon tape, teflon
pipe dope, or equal. When applying tape or pipe dope, do not apply to first two threads from end.
E. Where used, all welded joints must permit full flow. Miter weld fittings are not acceptable.
F. Piping and tubing should be reamed free of burrs and ridges.
G. Each pipe section shall be cleaned internally after preparation and before assembly by means of
swabbing, utilizing a suitable nonflammable cleaner. The pipe network shall be free of particulate
matter and oil residue before installation of nozzles or discharge devices.
5.3.6 Venting Considerations

Venting of an enclosure may be necessary to relieve pressure build-up due to the rapid discharge of
large quantities of FM-200. Appropriate pressure relief depends on the injection rate of the FM-200
and the strength of the enclosure.
S/N 30000049
5.3.7 Warning Signs and Nameplates

Warning and instruction signs must be properly located at all entrances to, and inside of, protected
areas. A permanent nameplate should be located on each cylinder specifying the part number, filling
weight, and pressurization level of the cylinders. (Refer to Figures 5.3.7A, 5.3.7B, 5.3.7C).
Figure 5.3.7A - Warning Sign Figure 5.3.7B - Warning Sign

Figure 5.3.7C - Cylinder Nameplate - Stock Number 70360662
S/N 30000049
5.3.8 Operating Alarms

A sufficient number of alarms should be installed to adequately cover all parts of the protected area,
and they should be of sufficient decibel rating to be readily heard above the maximum noise level.
5.3.9 Manual
An Instruction and Maintenance Manual that includes a full sequence of operation must be maintained
in a clearly identified protective enclosure at or near the system control panel.
5.3.10 Leakage Consideration

If they are not normally closed, it is fundamental that major wall openings, such as doors and windows,
be closed upon system actuation, unless the system has been designed with these openings in mind.
All total flooding systems shall have the enclosure examined and tested to locate and then effectively
seal any significant air leaks that could result in a failure of the enclosure to hold the specified agent
concentration level for the specified holding period. The currently preferred method is using a blower
door fan unit and smoke pencil. If quantitative results are recorded, these could be useful for comparison
at future tests. (For guidance, refer to Appendix C of NFPA Standard 2001.)
5.3.11 Painting
The equipment provided and as shown in this manual does not require painting.
5.3.12 Test of Pipe Installation

Field installed piping shall be tested as follows:
A. The piping shall be pneumatically tested in a closed circuit for a period of 10 minutes at 40 psig
(276 kPa). Hold the pressure for at least 10 minutes in order to be assured that the pipe and fittings
used and their assembly will withstand the operating pressure, as well as be able to overcome
the “water hammer” effect occurring at the start of the discharge. At the end of 10 minutes, the
pressure drop shall not exceed 20 percent of the test pressure. Any pilot manifold shall be bubble
tight at 360 psig (2482 kPa). EXCEPTION: It shall be permissible to omit the pressure test if the total
piping contains no more than one change in direction fitting between the storage container and
the discharge nozzle, and if all piping is physically checked for tightness.
CAUTION
PNEUMATIC PRESSURE TESTING CREATES A POTENTIAL RISK OF INJURY TO PERSONNEL IN THE AREA AS A RESULT
OF AIRBORNE PROJECTILES IF RUPTURE OF THE PIPING SYSTEM OCCURS. PRIOR TO THE PNEUMATIC PRESSURE
TEST BEING CONDUCTED, THE PROTECTED AREA SHALL BE EVACUATED AND APPROPRIATE SAFEGUARDS SHALL
BE PROVIDED FOR TEST PERSONNEL.
B. With nozzles removed, blow out the lines with carbon dioxide or nitrogen; then replace nozzles.
Any pilot manifold should be disconnected from the cylinders and the lines blown clean.
WARNING
TESTING OF THE PIPING WITH WATER IS PROHIBITED AND MUST NOT BE DONE.
S/N 30000049
5.4 Electrical Installation

All wiring systems shall be properly installed in conduit and in compliance with local codes.
5.4.1 Codes
Wiring and equipment must be installed in accordance with NFPA 70 - The National Electrical Code,
NEMA, Local Electrical Codes, or Owner’s specifications, whichever has the more restrictive
requirements.
5.4.2 Detection
Detection, actuation, alarm, and control systems shall be installed, tested, and maintained in accordance
with appropriate NFPA protective signaling systems standards. (See NFPA 70, National Electrical
Code, and NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code. In Canada refer to CAN/ULC S524-M86, Standard
for the Installation of Fire Alarm Systems, and CAN/ULC S529-M87, Smoke Detectors for Fire
Alarm Systems.)
S/N 30000049
6 TESTING, INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
6.1 Periodic Inspection

The entire fire extinguishing system shall be completely inspected annually - preferably, every six
months - by competent personnel using an approved schedule and procedure. Visual inspection of
all system components and cylinder pressures should occur monthly. Cylinder weight and pressure
must be inspected semi-annually per NFPA 2001. Any pilot hoses should be examined annually for
damage. Any problems should be corrected at once by competent personnel.
The purpose of periodic inspection is to assure that the system is in full operating condition at all times;
also, to identify problems due to wear and tear, accidental and environmental damage, tampering,
changes to room contents, changes in room use, changes in air handling equipment, changes in
openings into the room, or any other related changes that could adversely affect the proper performance
of the fire protection system.
During an inspection, the hazard should be checked against the original layout to make sure there
have not been additions or alterations that might require system alteration or additional coverage.
A cylinder continuously in service without having been discharged must be given an external visual
inspection every five years. This inspection must be done by an approved inspector in accordance
with Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet C-6, Section 3, except that the cylinders need not be
emptied or stamped while under pressure.
6.1.1 Detection and Actuation System

The detectors should be checked (and cleaned, if necessary) to assure that they are free of foreign
substances.
If the detection system is supervised, the supervisory features should be checked to determine that
the detection system is in satisfactory condition. Refer to the manufacturer’s manual on detectors for
proper inspection procedures.
6.1.2 Piping and Nozzles

Piping should be examined for any evidence of corrosion. Nozzles should be checked to determine
that the orifices are clear and unobstructed; they should be checked for proper position and orientation.
6.1.3 Auxiliary Equipment

All auxiliary components such as pressure switches, door closures, dampers, and air handling shutdown
equipment should be inspected to ensure that they are in proper operating condition. Check that
provisions have been made for prompt ventilation of a hazard following a discharge.
NOTE
ALL SHUTDOWNS OR CLOSINGS MUST OCCUR WHETHER THE SYSTEM IS ACTUATED BY AUTOMATIC DETECTION,
BY REMOTE MANUAL, OR BY DIRECT MANUAL MEANS.
S/N 30000049
6.1.4 Storage Rack and Cylinder Assemblies

Inspect the storage rack for tightness, including wall mounting bolts and other hardware, if included.
The cylinder(s) should be examined for evidence of corrosion and the cylinder valves for mechanical
damage. The cylinder strap(s) and the outlet fittings connected to the piping should be checked for
tightness.
6.1.5 Electrical Components

A functional operational test shall be performed on all electrical components annually in accordance
with the National Fire Alarm Code (NFPA 72) and the manufacturer’s recommendations.
6.1.6 General Maintenance

The system should be maintained in full operating condition at all times. In particular, the pressure
and weight of the cylinders must be maintained. All hoses shall be examined annually for damage,
and if visual inspection shows any deficiency, the hoses must be replaced or tested as specified in
NFPA Standard 2001 on Clean Fire Extinguishing Systems.
6.1.6.1 Cylinder Storage Pressure

The pressure in the storage container(s) should be noted on a monthly basis. If the temperature in
the storage container is about 70°F (21°C), the pressure should be 360 psig (2482 kPa).
If the temperature is lower or higher then 70°F

(21°C), the pressure will be somewhat lower or Table 6.1.6.1 - Isometrics for FM-200 at
higher in accordance with the following pressure Fill Density 70 lb/ft3 (1121 kg/m3)
Superpressurized with Nitrogen to
table. If the pressure shows a loss between
360 PSIG (2482 kPa) at 70°F (21°C)
monthly readings, the container should be in-
spected for possible leaks using soap suds or Temperature Gauge Pressure
some other sensitive method of leak detection. °F °C PSIG kPa
If the loss in pressure is more than 10%, the
cylinder must be refilled or replaced. 32 0.0 288 1987
40 4.4 303 2091
50 9.9 321 2215
60 15.6 340 2346
70 21.0 360 2482
80 26.8 381 2629
90 32.1 402 2774
100 37.7 425 2933
110 43.0 449 3099
120 49.0 475 3278
130 54.0 502 3464
S/N 30000049
6.1.6.2 Cylinder Content (Weight) Check

At least semi-annually, the agent quantity and pressure of refillable container shall be checked. A
container shall be refilled or replaced when it shows a loss in agent quantity of more than 5% or a loss
in pressure (adjusted for temperature) of more than 10%.
The cylinder contents can be checked by weighing.
The weight can be checked by using a standard platform scale having suitable capacity. When weighing,
it will be necessary to remove the cylinder restraining strap from the rack assembly.
IMPORTANT
PREPARING A CYLINDER(S) FOR WEIGHING
BEFORE ANY SIGMA CYLINDER RESTRAINING STRAPS ARE LOOSENED OR DISCHARGE PIPING DISCONNECTED,
DO THE FOLLOWING:
1. DISCONNECT THE SOLENOID PILOT VALVE ASSEMBLY OR PRESSURE GAUGE ASSEMBLY AND MANUAL-
PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR FROM THE CYLINDER(S).
2. DISCONNECT THE FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR FROM THE TOP OF THE CYLINDER(S).
3. THEN DISCONNECT THE DISCHARGE TUBE AT THE CYLINDER VALVE CONNECTION.
4. THE VALVE ANTIRECOIL CAP SHOULD BE ATTACHED TO THE CYLINDER VALVE DISCHARGE OUTLET.
HANDLE CYLINDERS WITH EXTREME CARE!
6.1.6.3 Refilling or Replacing of Cylinders

Cylinder servicing shall be performed by Chemetron Fire Systems. Please contact our office for shipping
instructions.
6.1.6.4 Complete Cylinder Recharge

If more than five years have elapsed since the date of the last test and inspection, the cylinder shall
not be recharged without first retesting. This retest must include an external and internal visual
inspection in accordance with the Code of Federal Regulation, Title 49, Section 173.34(e)(10) and
NFPA 2001.
Cylinder servicing shall be performed by Chemetron Fire Systems. Please contact our office for shipping
instructions.
6.1.6.5 Hose Test

A. All system hoses shall be examined annually for damage. If visual examination shows any
deficiency, the hose shall be immediately replaced or tested as specified in NFPA 2001.
B. All hose shall be tested every 5 years.
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
TABLE AP-1 (US STANDARD)
FM-200 (HFC-227EA) TOTAL FLOODING QUANTITY
FM-200 Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume
FM-200 W
Temperature [ lb/ft 3 ] (1)
Specific Vapor V
(t)
Volume(s)
[°F]
[ft3/lb] FM-200 Design Concentration (C) [% by Volume] (4)
(2)
(3)
6.25% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14%
10 1.9264 0.0346 0.0391 0.0451 0.0513 0.0577 0.0642 0.0708 0.0776 0.0845
20 1.9736 0.0338 0.0381 0.0441 0.0501 0.0563 0.0626 0.0691 0.0757 0.0825
30 2.0210 0.0330 0.0372 0.0430 0.0489 0.0550 0.0612 0.0675 0.0739 0.0805
40 2.0678 0.0322 0.0364 0.0421 0.0478 0.0537 0.0598 0.0659 0.0723 0.0787
50 2.1146 0.0315 0.0356 0.0411 0.0468 0.0525 0.0584 0.0645 0.0707 0.0770
60 2.1612 0.0308 0.0348 0.0402 0.0458 0.0514 0.0572 0.0631 0.0691 0.0753
70 2.2075 0.0302 0.0341 0.0394 0.0448 0.0503 0.0560 0.0618 0.0677 0.0737
80 2.2538 0.0296 0.0334 0.0386 0.0439 0.0493 0.0548 0.0605 0.0663 0.0722
90 2.2994 0.0290 0.0327 0.0378 0.0430 0.0483 0.0538 0.0593 0.0650 0.0708
100 2.3452 0.0284 0.0321 0.0371 0.0422 0.0474 0.0527 0.0581 0.0637 0.0694
110 2.3912 0.0279 0.0315 0.0364 0.0414 0.0465 0.0517 0.0570 0.0625 0.0681
120 2.4366 0.0274 0.0308 0.0357 0.0406 0.0456 0.0507 0.0560 0.0613 0.0668
130 2.4820 0.0269 0.0303 0.0350 0.0398 0.0448 0.0498 0.0549 0.0602 0.0656
140 2.5272 0.0264 0.0298 0.0344 0.0391 0.0440 0.0489 0.0540 0.0591 0.0644
150 2.5727 0.0259 0.0293 0.0338 0.0384 0.0432 0.0480 0.0530 0.0581 0.0633
160 2.6171 0.0255 0.0288 0.0332 0.0378 0.0425 0.0472 0.0521 0.0571 0.0622
170 2.6624 0.0250 0.0283 0.0327 0.0371 0.0417 0.0464 0.0512 0.0561 0.0611
180 2.7071 0.0246 0.0278 0.0321 0.0365 0.0410 0.0457 0.0504 0.0552 0.0601
190 2.7518 0.0242 0.0274 0.0316 0.0359 0.0404 0.0449 0.0496 0.0543 0.0592
200 2.7954 0.0238 0.0269 0.0311 0.0354 0.0397 0.0442 0.0488 0.0535 0.0582
3
(1) W [Agent Weight Requirements (lb/ft )] - Pounds of agent required per cubic foot of protected volume
to produce indicated concentration at temperature specified.
V
(2) t [Temperature (°F)] - The design temperature in the hazard area.
(3) s [Specific Volume (ft3/lb)] - Specific volume of superheated FM-200 vapor may be approximated by the
formula:
s = 1.885 + 0.0046 t
where t = temperature, °F
(4) C [Concentration (%)] - Volumetric concentration of FM-200 in air at the temperature indicated.
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
TABLE AP-2 (METRIC)
FM-200 (HFC-227EA) TOTAL FLOODING QUANTITY
FM-200 Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume
FM-200 W
Temperature [ kg/m 3 ] (1)
Specific Vapor V
(t)
Volume(s)
[°C]
[m3/kg] FM-200 Design Concentration (C) [% by Volume] (4)
(2)
(3)
6.25% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14%
-10 0.1215 0.5487 0.6196 0.7158 0.8142 0.9147 1.0174 1.1255 1.2301 1.3401
-5 0.1241 0.5372 0.6064 0.7005 0.7967 0.8951 0.9957 1.0985 1.2038 1.3114
0 0.1268 0.5258 0.5936 0.6858 0.7800 0.8763 0.9748 1.0755 1.1785 1.2839
5 0.1294 0.5152 0.5816 0.6719 0.7642 0.8586 0.9550 1.0537 1.1546 1.2579
10 0.1320 0.5051 0.5700 0.6585 0.7490 0.8414 0.9360 1.0327 1.1316 1.2328
15 0.1347 0.4949 0.5589 0.6457 0.7344 0.8251 0.9178 1.0126 1.1096 1.2089
20 0.1373 0.4856 0.5483 0.6335 0.7205 0.8094 0.9004 0.9934 1.0886 1.1859
25 0.1399 0.4765 0.5382 0.6217 0.7071 0.7944 0.8837 0.9750 1.0684 1.1640
30 0.1425 0.4678 0.5284 0.6104 0.6943 0.7800 0.8676 0.9573 1.0490 1.1428
35 0.1450 0.4598 0.5190 0.5996 0.6819 0.7661 0.8522 0.9402 1.0303 1.1224
40 0.1476 0.4517 0.5099 0.5891 0.6701 0.7528 0.8374 0.9240 1.0124 1.1029
45 0.1502 0.4439 0.5012 0.5790 0.6586 0.7399 0.8230 0.9080 0.9950 1.0840
50 0.1527 0.4367 0.4929 0.5694 0.6476 0.7276 0.8093 0.8929 0.9784 1.0660
55 0.1553 0.4293 0.4847 0.5600 0.6369 0.7156 0.7960 0.8782 0.9623 1.0484
60 0.1578 0.4225 0.4770 0.5510 0.6267 0.7041 0.7832 0.8641 0.9469 1.0316
65 0.1604 0.4156 0.4694 0.5423 0.6167 0.6929 0.7707 0.8504 0.9318 1.0152
70 0.1629 0.4092 0.4261 0.5338 0.6072 0.6821 0.7588 0.8371 0.9173 0.9994
75 0.1654 0.4031 0.4550 0.5257 0.5979 0.6717 0.7471 0.8243 0.9033 0.9841
80 0.1679 0.3971 0.4482 0.5178 0.5890 0.6617 0.7360 0.8120 0.8898 0.9694
85 0.1704 0.3912 0.4416 0.5102 0.5803 0.6519 0.7251 0.8000 0.8767 0.9551
90 0.1730 0.3854 0.4351 0.5027 0.5717 0.6423 0.7145 0.7883 0.8638 0.9411
(1) W [Agent Weight Requirements (kg/m 3)] - Kilograms of agent required per cubic meter of protected
volume to produce indicated concentration at temperature specified.
V
(2) t [Temperature (°C)] - The design temperature in the hazard area.
(3) s [Specific Volume (m3/kg)] - Specific volume of superheated FM-200 vapor may be approximated by the
formula:
s = .1269 + 0.0005 t
where t = temperature, °C
(4) C [Concentration (%)] - Volumetric concentration of FM-200 in air at the temperature indicated.
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
Below are the Cup Burner Extinguishing Concentrations established by Great Lakes Chemical Corporation for the listed
fuels. Please note that these values have not been tested or recognized by UL, ULC, or FMRC to be the extinguishing
concentrations as published.
HFC-227ea Cup Burner Extinguishing Concentrations
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Extinguishing
Extinguishing
FUEL FUEL
Design
Design
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
Acetone 6.9 8.97 Ethylene Glycol 7.6 9.88
Acetonitrile 4.3 7.00 Gasoline 6.9 8.97
t-Amyl Alcohol 7.3 9.49 n-Heptane 6.7 8.71
AV Gas 6.5 8.45 n-Hexane 6.9 8.97
Benzene 5.5 7.15 I-Hexene 5.8 7.54
n-Butane 6.6 8.58 Hydraulic Fluid 6.5 8.45
n-Butanol 7.6 9.88 Hydraulic Oil 5.9 7.67
2-Butoxyethanol 7.4 9.62 Hydrogen 13.2 17.16
2-Butoxyethyl Acetate 6.9 8.97 Isobutyl Alcohol 7.6 9.88
n-Butyl Acetate 7.0 9.10 Isopropanol 7.5 9.75
Carbon disulfide 11.8 15.34 JP4 6.9 8.97
Chloroethane 6.3 8.19 JP5 6.9 8.97
Crude Oil 6.5 8.45 Kerosene 7.4 9.62
Cyclohexane 7.2 9.36 Methane 5.5 7.15
Cyclohexylamine 6.7 8.71 Methanol 10.4 13.52
Cyclopentanone 7.4 9.62 2-Methoxyethanol 9.4 12.22
1,2-Dichloroethane 2.6 7.00 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 7.4 9.62
Diesel 6.7 8.71 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 7.0 9.10
N,N-Diethylethanolamine 7.8 10.14 Mineral Spirits 6.6 8.58
Diethyl Ether 7.5 9.75 Morpholine 7.9 10.27
Ethane 6.7 8.71 Nitromethane 9.9 12.87
Ethanol 8.3 10.79 n-Pentane 6.8 8.84
Ethyl Acetate 6.8 8.84 Propane 6.7 8.71
Ethyl Benzene 6.3 8.19 I-Propanol 7.7 10.01
Ethylene 8.4 10.92 Propylene 6.2 8.06
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
HFC-227ea Cup Burner Extinguishing Concentrations
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Concentration
Extinguishing
Extinguishing
FUEL FUEL
Design
Design
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
% v/v
Propylene Glycol 8.6 11.18 Toluene 5.6 7.28
Pyrrolidine 7.3 9.49 Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate 4.0 7.00
Tetrahydrofuran 7.4 9.62 Transformer Oil 7.3 9.49
Tetrahydrothiophene 6.6 8.58 Xylene 6.0 7.80
102 mm chimney; 30 mm cup; 5 cm/s air linear velocity
FM-200 Inerting Concentrations

INERTING DESIGN
FUEL CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION
% V/V FM-200 % V/V
i-Butane 11.3 14.69
1-Chloro-1,1,-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b) 2.6 7.00
1,1-Difluoroethane (HFC-152a) 8.6 11.18
Difluoromethane (HFC-32) 3.5 4.55
Ethylene oxide 13.6 17.68
Hydrogen 24.0 31.20
Methane 8.0 10.40
Pentane 11.6 15.08
Propane 11.6 15.08
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
Liquid Level Indicator - Operating Instructions

1. Measure cylinder temperature (ambient) °F and record this temperature.
NOTE
CYLINDER MUST BE STORED AT THIS AMBIENT TEMPERATURE FOR AT LEAST 24 HOURS TO OBTAIN AN ACCURATE LIQUID
LEVEL READING.
2. Remove the protective tape cap.
3. Slowly lift the tape until the float magnet is engaged.
4. Read the level on the tape to the nearest eighth of an inch and record the measurement.
5. Reinsert the tape by lifting the tape to disengage the magnet. Then slide the tape back into the cylinder and replace
the protective cap.
6. Using the calibration graphs on the following pages, follow the tape reading across the graph to the cylinder
temperature point and read the FM-200 weight directly below.
7. Compare this weight from the graph to the FM-200 weight on the nameplate. If the measurement shows a net
loss of FM-200 greater than 5%, the cylinder must be weighed to verify the liquid level measurement. If, after
weighing, the weight loss still exceeds 5%, the cylinder must be recharged.
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
CHEMETRON SIGMA 600

Liquid Level vs Weight of FM-200
30
29
28 o
130 F
32F 40F 50F
27
60F 70F 80F
26
90F 100F 110F
25
120F 130F
24
23
22
21 o
32 F
20
LIQUID LEVEL (INCHES)
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
4
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
WEIGHT OF FM-200 (LBS)
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
CHEMETRON SIGMA 600 (METRIC)

80
0.0C 4.4C 10.0C
15.6C 21.1C 26.7C

75
32.2C 37.8 43.3C
o
48.9C 54.4C 54.4 C
70
65
60
55
o
0.0 C
50
LIQUID LEVEL (CM)
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
WEIGHT OF FM-200 (KGS)
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
CHEMETRON SIGMA 750

36
35
34 o
130 F
33 32F 40F 50F
60F 70F 80F

32
90F 100F 110F
31
120F 130F
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23 32oF
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
3
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750
760
770
780
790
800
810
820
830
840
850
860
870
880
890
900
910
920
930
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX

95
90
0.0C 4.4C
10.0C 15.6C
21.1C 26.7C
85 32.2C 37.8C 54.4oC
43.3C 48.9C
54.4C
80
75
70
65
0.0oC
60
55
LIQUID LEVEL (CM)
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
CHEMETRON SIGMA 1000
36
35
34
32F 40F 50F
33 o
130 F
60F 70F 80F
32
90F 100F 110F
31
120F 130F
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
32oF
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
7
1000
1020
1040
1060
1080
1100
1120
1140
1160
1180
1200
1220
1240
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
920
940
960
980
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX

Lquid Level vs Weight of FM-200
95
90
0C 4.4C 10.0C
15.6C 21.1C 26.7C

85
32.2C 37.8C 43.3C
48.9C 54.4C
80
54.4oC
75
70
65
60
LIQUID LEVEL (CM)
55 0.0oC
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
S/N 30000049
APPENDIX
Metric Conversion Factors

(Approximate)
When you Know To Find
Symbol Multiply By Symbol
Number of Number of
Length
in inches 2.54 Centimeters cm
ft feet 30.48 Centimeters cm
ft feet .3048 meters m
Area
in2 square inches 6.452 square centimeters cm2
ft2 square feet 0.0929 square meters m2
Weight (mass)
oz ounces 28.349 grams g
lb pounds 0.4536 kilograms kg
Volume
in3 cubic inches 16.39 Milliliters mL
fl oz fluid ounces 29.57 milliliters mL
ft3 cubic feet 0.0283 cubic meters m3
Pressure
inHg inches of Mercury 3.453 kilopascals kPa
psi pounds per square inch 6.895 kilopascals kPa
Temperature (exact)
5/9 (after
°F degrees Fahrenheit degrees Celsius °C
subtracting 32)
S/N 30000049
Chemetron Fire Systems and Cardox are registered trademarks of Chemetron Fire Systems.
FM-200 is a registered trademark of Great Lakes Chemical Corporation.
These instructions do not purport to cover all the details or variations in the
equipment described, nor do they provide for every possible contingency
to be met in connection with design, installation, operation and mainte-
nance. All specifications subject to change without notice. Should further
information be desired or should particular problems arise that are not
covered sufficiently for the purchaser’s purposes, the matter should be
referred to CHEMETRON FIRE SYSTEMS, Matteson, IL.
S/N 30000049 2/16/2004 Rev. C ©2004 Chemetron Fire Systems

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Issued July 1, 2000

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 1

2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 10

2.1 Sigma System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3.1 Step 1 – Agent Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4 EQUIPMENT ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS 33

4.1 Equipment Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

5 MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION 41

5.1 Storage Rack, Cylinders and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

6 TESTING, INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS 49

6.1 Periodic Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Table AP-1 – Total Flooding Quantity (US Standard) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Original . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . July 1, 2000

Section Number Page Numbers Revision Date

INSTRUCTIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS MANUAL.

Copyright © 2004 Chemetron Fire Systems. All Rights Reserved.

4801 Southwick Drive, 3rd Floor

1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

PRESSURE SWITCH CONTROL PANEL

Figure 1.1 - FM-200 Typical Sigma System Components

4) Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal decomposition, such as certain organic peroxides

1.2 Physical and Chemical Properties

Table 1.2 - FM-200 (HFC-227ea) Physical Properties

1.3 Safety Considerations

1.4 Agent Decomposition Consideration

1.5 Equipment Description

1.6 Reference Data

Table 1.6 System Equipment Reference Data

Table 1.6 System Equipment Reference Data

Cylinder Decal - Main* Cylinder Decal - Reserve*

Table 1.6 System Equipment Reference Data

Table 1.6 System Equipment Reference Data

Table 1.6 System Equipment Reference Data

2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

2.1 Sigma System

2.1.1 Cylinder Assembly

3" NPT ADAPTER NIPPLE

3" GROOVED COUPLING

Sigma Series FM-200 Cylinder Assembly with Primary Completer Kit

Figure 2.1.1 - Sigma Cylinder Valve

1. Manual-Pneumatic Actuator Connection: This is a threaded connection housing a check valve

2. Pressure Gauge/Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly Connection: This is a threaded connection

2.1.2 Discharge Connection Fittings

Figure 2.1.2a - Discharge Connection Fitting

(Refer to Figure 2.1.2b) A check valve is used be-

Figure 2.1.2b - Check Valve

2.1.4 Solenoid Pilot Valve Assembly

The solenoid pilot valve assembly includes a pressure Stock Description

Actuation of the solenoid pilot valve assembly permits

Top View Front View

2.1.5 Pressure Gauge Assembly

Figure 2.1.5A - Pressure Gauge Assembly

2.1.6 Manual-Pneumatic Actuator

Figure 2.1.6 - Manual-Pneumatic Actuator - Stock Number 10610729

2.1.7 Pneumatic Booster Assembly

Figure 2.1.7 - Pneumatic Booster Assembly

2.1.8 Flexible Connector