MobileComm Technologies Academy

WCDMA Optimization Related Questions

1. What is Significance of Eb/No? On what factors it is dependent? who

provides
Eb/No? What is typical Eb/No for AMR 12.2 for Node B and MS?
Answer - Eb_No is related to QOS of a service which in terms related to bit error rate.
Technically it is the minimum signal to noise needed by infrastructure equipment
after
despreading it signal. This is a value used to compare different infrastructure
vendors. Eb_No changes with the service type. Typically Eb_No for AMR 12.2 is ~ 4
db for node B and 8 dB for MS. It is infrastructure vendor (NSN) provides the Eb_No
for Node B.
The Eb/N0 value is the value that needs to be reached for insuring the targeted
service quality. This is the ratio between the energy per bit for the related service
over the noise spectral efficiency over the whole spreading band.
The spread signal is characterized by the ratio of the energy per chip over the
spectral noise density Ec/N0.

2. What effect is there on signal by spreading and dispreading?

Answer - Spreading will increase the bandwidth of a as signal. A signal of 10 Kb/s
will become 40 Kb/s after spreading and will become 10 Kb/s after despreading.
The processing gain term expresses the gain achieved by spreading a narrow band
signal over a wideband spectrum.
This gain is the ratio between the spreading chip rate and the actual service bit rate
measured at the RLC level

3. Define Processing Gain.

Answer - Processing Gain is ratio between rate of spreaded signal and rate of non
spreaded signal.
PG= 10 log (Chip rate /Bit rate)

4. What is a chip rate of WCDMA System? How much is the bandwidth

required
for WCDMA?
Answer: - 3840 Kc/s. FDD 5 MHZ of paired band. TDD 5 MHz only.

5. What is the processing gain for 384 Kb/s service?

Answer:- =10*Log(3840/384)
=10*log (10)
=10*1
=10

6. What is the relationship of SF and data rate?

Answer; - They are inversely proportional. Lower the SF higher the data rate.

7. What is the relationship between SF and power required?

Answer - The lower the SF, the more power required.

8. What is the relationship with SF and coverage area of different services?

Answer: - They are directly proportional. Lower SF will have less coverage area.
For example Coverage area decreases with increased throughput. If we compare
12.2 Kb/s and 384 Kb/s coverage area.12.2 kb/s coverage area will be bigger then
384 Kb/s coverage area.
9. What is the family of codes used for Chanelization in WCDMA
Answer: - Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor.(OVSF)

10. What is the minimum and maximum SF in Downlink and uplink for FDD
Mode?
Answer; - Minimum of 4 and maximum of 512 chips in downlink
Minimum of 4 and maximum of 256 chips in uplink

11. What is the usage of Channelization code in downlink and uplink?

Answer;- Uplink separation of physical data (DPDCH) and control channel (DPCCH)
from same terminal.
Downlink separation of downlink connections to different users within one cell.

12. What is the Chanelization code used for PCPICH (PILOT CHANNEL)?
Answer: - C ch(256,0)

13. What is a typical CPICH power?

Answer - CPICH power typically takes about 8~10% of the total NodeB power. For a
20W (43dBm) NodeB, CPICH is around 2W (35.1 ~ 33dBm).
In urban areas where in-building coverage is taken care of by in-building installations,
the CPICH may sometimes go as low as 5% because:
1) The coverage area is small since users are close to the site, and
2) More power can be allocated to traffic channels.

14. How much power usually a NodeB is allocated to control channels?

Answer - The power allocated to control channels may depend on equipment vendor
recommendation. Typically no more than 20% of the total NodeB power is allocated
to control channels, including CPICH. However, if HSDPA is deployed on the same
carrier then the total power allocated to control channel may go up to 25 to 30%
because of the additional HSDPA control channels required.

15. What is the usage of scrambling code in WCDMA for both downlink and
uplink?
Answer; - There is only one frequency in Downlink. SC is used to separate cells.
In uplink it is used to differentiate terminals.

16. How many numbers of SC codes available in Downlink and Uplink?

Answer; - Downlink 512, Uplink several millions.

17. What is the Modulation scheme is used in UMTS for voice service in
Downlink
and uplink?
Answer; - QPSK in downlink and HPSK (Hybrid Phase shift keying) in uplink.

18. How many slots are there in a WCDMA Frame? How big is a frame in ms.
how
many chips are there in a slot?
Answer: - WCDMA Frame is 15 slots wide. It is 10ms in length. There are 2560
chips in one slot.
Chip rate is 3840 Kc/s
Length of frame = 10 ms
Number of chips in a frame = 3840 *10=38400 chips
Number of chips in a slot = 38400/15= 2560 chips.

19. Give a simple definition of pole capacity?

Answer - The pole capacity is the theoretical maximum capacity of the system. In
WCDMA, this capacity is only theoretical since, once reached, the system goes in an
instable state that leads to its collapse. However it is still a reference for expressing
the load.
The uplink noise increases with the loading exponentially. When the uplink noise
approaches infinity then no more users can be added to a cell – and the cell loading
is close to 100% and has reached its “pole capacity”.

Mathematically, to calculate the uplink pole capacity we need to know:

W: chip rate (for UMTS 3,840,000 chips per second)
R: user data rate (assuming 12,200 kbps for CS-12.2k)
f: other-cell to in-cell interference ratio (assuming 65%)
EbNo: Eb/No requirement (assuming 5dB)
AF: Activity factor (assuming 50%)
Pole Capacity = (W/R) / ((1+f) * AF * 10^(EbNo/10)) = 120.6
To calculate the downlink pole capacity we also need to know:
α: downlink channels orthogonality factor (assuming 55%)
Pole Capacity = (W/R) / ((1- α +f) * 10^(EbNo/10)) = 64.06

20. What is typical pole capacity for CS-12.2, PS-64, PS-128 and PS-384?
Answer - With same assumptions as above:
CS-12.2k: 120.6 (UL), 64.1 (DL).
PS-64k: 34.8 (UL), 12.8(DL).
PS-128k: 16.2 (UL), 8.4 (DL).
PS-384k: 16.2 (UL), 2.8 (DL).
PS-384k has only 128k on the uplink, therefore the uplink capacity is the same for
both.

21. Different Idle mode tasks UE performs

Answer - In Idle mode, the UE has no connection to the radio network
Keeping UEs in Idle mode minimizes the use of resources both for the UEs and in the
network. However, the UEs must still be able to access the system and be reached
by the system with acceptable delays. For this, the following procedures need to be
performed:
PLMN selection and reselection
Cell selection and reselection
Location Area (LA) and Routing Area (RA) updating
Paging
System information broadcast

22. What is cell selection criterion?

Answer - Cell selection is based on:
Qmean: the average SIR of the target cell.
Qmin: minimum required SIR.
Pcompensation: a correction value for difference UE classes.
S = Qmean - Qmin - Pcompensation
If S>0 then the cell is a valid candidate.
A UE will camp on the cell with the highest S.

23. Idle Mode Behaviour is managed by System information send on which

L3
Channel?
Answer – BCH

24. How many Radio Bearers (RB) are involved in CS voice call?
Answer – 3
25. How many Service Radio Bearers (SRB) are involved in CS voice call?
Answer – 4

26. SCH channel consists of how many chips?

Answer - 256 chips

27. What do you understand by DRX cycle?

Answer - The UE listens to the PICH only at certain predefined times, reducing power
consumption. The periodicity of these searches is set by the system and the time
interval is called Discontinuous Reception (DRX) cycle.
Different DRX cycles are used for circuit switched and packet switched services in
Idle mode. A separate DRX cycle is also used to page Connected mode UEs in state
URA_PCH.

28. Cell Reselection is valid in both Idle and in which Sate in Connected
mode?
Answer - CELL FACH

29. Difference between PICH and PCH?

Answer - PICH-Paging Indicator Channel
PCH-Paging Channel
PICH is used to indicate UE to when it should read to S-CCPCH (Carries PCH)
whereas PCH is used to carry RRC Message “Paging type 1” which contains actual
Paging information.

30. When is System information sent to UE?

Answer - The system information is regularly broadcast to the UE on the BCCH.
When a parameter in the system information is changed, all UE in a cell are notified
by a paging message or by a system information change indication message.

31. Explain Timer T3212?

Answer - Periodic LA and RA updating is used to notify the network of the UEs
availability, and to avoid unnecessary paging attempts for a UE that has lost
coverage and is not able to inform the CN that it is inactive.
The periodic LA update procedure is controlled by a timer, called t3212, which gives
the time interval between two consecutive periodic location updates. The value is
sent by the WCDMA RAN to UEs on the BCCH.

32. Explain Near far effect?

Answer;- All users use the same bandwidth at the same time and therefore users
interfere with one another. Due to the propagation path loss, the signal received by
the base station from a UE close to the base station will be stronger than the Signal
received from another terminal located at the boundary. Hence, the distant user will
be dominated by the close user. This is called the near-far effect. To achieve a
considerable capacity, all signals, irrespective of distance, should arrive at the base
station with the same mean power. A solution to this problem is power control,
which attempts to achieve the same mean received power for each user.

33. Name three loops in Power control In WCDMA? Explain them briefly.
Answer; - Open Loop
Inner Loop
Outer Loop

Open Loop Power control

The open-loop power control technique requires that the transmitting entity
measures
the channel interference and adjusts its transmission power accordingly. This can be
done quickly, but the problem is that the interference estimation is done on the
received signal, and the transmitted signal probably uses a different frequency,
which
differs from the received frequency by the system’s duplex offset. As uplink and
downlink fast fading (on different frequency carriers) do not correlate, this method
gives the right power values only on average.

Inner Loop
In this method the received signal-to interference ratio (SIR) is measured over a 667-
microsecond period (i.e., one time slot), and based on that value, a decision is made
about whether to increase or decrease the transmission power in the other end of the
connection. Note that the delay inherent in this closed-loop method is compensated
for by making the measurements over a very short period of time. The transmit
power
control (TPC) bits are sent in every time slot within the uplink and the downlink.
There
is not a neutral signal; all power control signals contain either an increase or
decrease command.

Outer Loop
The outer loop power control functions within the base station system, and adjusts
the required SIR value (SIRtarget), which is then used in the inner loop control.
Different channel types, which can be characterized by, for example, different
coding and interleaving methods, constitute a channel’s parameters. Different
channel parameters may require different SIRtarget values. The final result of the
transmission process can only be known after the decoding process, and the
resulting quality parameter is then used to adjust the required SIR value. If the used
SIR value still gives a low quality bit stream, then the outer loop power control must
increase the SIRtarget value. This change in the outer loop will trigger the inner loop
power control to increase the mobile station transmission power accordingly

34. What is SIR?

Answer - SIR is the Signal-to-Interference Ratio – the ratio of the energy in dedicated
physical control channel bits to the power density of interference and noise after
dispreading.

35. How many time Inner Loop Power Control happens and what type of
fading it
compensates?
Answer - 1500Hz and compensates Fast Fading.

36. What is BLER?

Answer - Block Error Rate
37. How is Initial RACH Power is calculated?
Answer - The initial power on the PRACH - the power of the first preamble - is
determined according to equation
P_PRACH = L_PCPICH + RTWP + constantValueCprach
Where L_PCPICH is the path loss estimated by UE since it knows transmit & receive
CPICH power
RTWP is received Total Wideband Power(uplink interference) measured by RBS .
constantValueCprach is used by the UE to calculate the initial power on the
PRACH . This parameter is configurable and decides at which level below RTWP
preamble ramping will start.

38. What power RACH message Control Part is sent?

Answer - The power of the control part of the RACH message is determined by the
power of the last transmitted preamble and by a configurable offset
powerOffsetPpm

39. Briefly describe why open loop power control is needed and how it
works?
Answer - Open Loop power control is used when no feedback mechanism is
possible. An estimate of the required power is made from measurements and
system information.
This is used for initial network access and finding initial power settings during
dedicated mode.

40. Explain the functionality of TPC?

Answer – During Power Control, Transmit Power control(TPC) commands are used
to power up or power down based on SIR target in the step of 0.5 dB ( 1 dB if the
connection is made over Iur).

41. How many types of handovers are there in UMTS?

Answer –
Soft/Softer Handover
Inter Frequency Handover
Inter RAT Handover
Core Network Hard Handover
Service based handover to GSM
HSDPA Mobility

42. Explain Soft and Softer handover? Give some advantage and
disadvantage for
soft handover. What is the target for soft handover in WCDMA networks?
Answer - In Soft Handover, the UE connection consists of at least two radio links
established with cells belonging to different RBSs. In Softer handover, the UE
connection consists of at least two radio links established with cells belonging to the
same RBS.
It acts as macro diversity since UE is connected to more than one radio link at any
given point, adds redundancy and reduces interference.
However there is a tradeoff between soft/softer handover & system capacity.
A UE involved in Soft/Softer Handover uses several radio links, more DL
channelization codes, and more DL power than a single-link connection.
Consequently, if all the UEs connected to a particular RNC are considered, more
resources are needed in the RBSs, more resources over the Iub and Iur interfaces,
and more resources in the RNC. For this reason, the number of radio links involved in
the Soft/Softer handover must be limited
A typical target for soft handover in WCDMA network is less than or equal to 30%

43. Define Active Set? Pros and Cons of having a small or longer Active Set.
Answer - Active Set consists of group of cells that takes part in soft/softer handover &
measure by UE.
Typical size of Active set is 3 or 4 & generally a standard practice in all WCDMA
networks.
A small active set size may provide more resources available due to less soft/softer
handover but at the expense of handover gain thereby reducing the capacity & link
redundancy

44. Which link is required to perform Inter RNC SHO?

Answer -Iur

45. What is “noise rise”? What does a higher noise rise mean in terms of
network
loading?
Answer - For every new user added to the service, additional noise is added to the
network. That is, each new user causes a “noise rise”. In theory, the “noise rise” is
defined as the ratio of total received wideband power to the noise power. Higher
“noise rise” value implies more users are allowed on the network, and each user has
to transmit higher power to overcome the higher noise level. This means smaller
path loss can be tolerated and the cell radius is reduced. To summarize, a higher
noise rise means higher capacity and smaller footprint, a lower noise rise means
smaller capacity and bigger footprint.

46. What is Pilot Pollution?

Answer - Simply speaking, when the number of strong cells exceeds the active set
size, there is “pilot pollution” in the area. Typically the active set size is 3, so if there
are more than 3 strong cells then there is pilot pollution.
Definition of “strong cell”: pilots within the handover window size from the strongest
cell. Typical handover window size is between 4 to 6dB. For example, if there are
more than 2 cells (besides the strongest cell) within 4dB of the strongest cell then
there is pilot pollution.

47. How many fingers does a UE rake receiver have?

Answer – 4

48. What is “compressed mode”?

Answer - Compressed mode is a physical layer function that allows the UE to
temporarily tune to another frequency, and measure the RF environment of another
UMTS frequency (e.g. IFHO) or another technology (e.g. IRAT), while maintaining an
existing dedicated channel

49. When in 3-way soft handover, if a UE receives power down request from
one
cell and power up request from the other 2 cells, should the UE power up or
down and why?
Answer - UE will power down because if a cell is able to sustain a good connection
with one cell on lower power level it will discard power up messages from other cells.
It also helps in maintaining low interference level for other surrounding UE’s.

50. Suppose two UE are served by the same cell, the UE with weaker link
(poor RF
condition) uses more “capacity”, why does this mean?
Answer - The UE with weaker RF link will require NodeB to transmit higher traffic
power in order to reach the UE, resulting in less power for other UE – therefore
consumes more “capacity

51. Under what circumstances can a NodeB reach its capacity? What are the
capacity limitations?
Answer - NodeB reaches its maximum transmit power, runs out of its channel
elements, uplink noise rise reaches its design target, etc.

52. What is “cell breathing” and why?

Answer - The cell coverage shrinks as the loading increases, this is called cell
breathing.

In the uplink, as more and more UE are served by a cell, each UE needs to transmit
higher power to compensate for the uplink noise rise. As a consequence, the UE
with weaker link (UE at greater distance) may not have enough power to reach the
NodeB – therefore a coverage shrinkage.

In the downlink, the NodeB also needs to transmit higher power as more UE are
being served. As a consequence UE with weaker link (greater distance) may not be
reachable by the NodeB.

53. If you have 3 cells in your Active Set and a drop call occurs, which Cell a
Drop
call would be pegged?
Answer - Serving Cell in Active Set

54. Is UMTS an uplink-limited or downlink-limited system?

Answer – Initially, A typical WCDMA network is Uplink Limited. Later a Loaded
Network becomes Downlink Limites.

55. What is OCNS?

Answer - Orthogonal Carrier Noise Simulator

56. Briefly describe Capacity Management and its functions?

Answer - Capacity Management is responsible for the control of the load in the cell.
It consists of 3 main functions:
1. Dedicated Monitored Resource Handling: tracks utilization of critical resources of
the system.
2. Admission Control: accepts/refuses admission requests based on the current load
on the dedicated monitored resources and the characteristics of the request
3. Congestion Control: detects/resolves overload situations

57. What Resources are monitored for Capacity Management?

Answer –
DL Power
Received Total Wideband power
OVSF Codes
RBS Channel Elements

58. What Radio Measurements are used for Congestion Monitoring?

Answer –
Downlink Received Power
Uplink Received Total Wideband Power

59. Are System Information Blocks (SIB) transmitted all the time?
Answer - Yes

60. How does UE camp (synchronize) to a NodeB?

Answer –
1. UE uses the primary synchronization channel (P-SCH) for slot alignment (TS
synchronization).
2. After aligning to NodeB time slot, UE then uses secondary synchronization channel
(SSCH)
to obtain frame synchronization and scrambling code group identification.
3. UE then uses scrambling code ID to obtain CPICH, thus camping to a NodeB.

61. What could be the cause of soft handover failure?

Answer –
Undefined neighbors
One way Neighbor definition
UE issue.
Resource unavailable at target NodeB.
Inadequate SHO threshold defined.

62. What are the three sets in handover?

Answer –
Active Set
Monitored Set
Detected Set

63. What are the major differences between GSM and UMTS handover
decision?
Answer –
GSM:
Time-based mobile measures of RxLev and RxQual – mobile sends
measurement report every SACH period (480ms).
BSC instructs mobile to handover based on these reports.
UMTS:
Event-triggered reporting – UE sends a measurement report only on certain
event “triggers”.
UE plays more part in the handover decision.

64. What are the events 1a, 1b, 1c, etc.?

Answer –
e1a – a Primary CPICH enters the reporting range, i.e. add a cell to active set.
e1b – a primary CPICH leaves the reporting range, i.e. removed a cell from active
set.
e1c – a non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH, i.e.
replace a cell.
e1d: change of best cell.
e1e: a Primary CPICH becomes better than an absolute threshold.
e1f: a Primary CPICH becomes worse than an absolute threshold.

65. What are event 2a-2d and 3a-3d?

Answer –
Events 2a-2d are for inter-frequency handover measurements and events 3a-3d are
for IRAT handover measurements.
e3a: the UMTS cell quality has moved below a threshold and a GSM cell quality had
moved above a threshold.
e3b: the GSM cell quality has moved below a threshold.
e3c: the GSM cell quality has moved above a threshold.
e3d: there was a change in the order of best GSM cell list.

66. What may happen when there’s a missing neighbor or an incorrect

neighbor?
Answer –
Access failure and handover failure: may attempt to access to a wrong
scrambling code.
Dropped call: UE not aware of a strong scrambling code, strong interference.
Poor data throughput.
Poor voice quality.
Etc.

67. How is inter-frequency Handover triggered?

Answer –
The network decides that inter frequency measurements need to be performed and
sends the MEASUREMENT CONTROL MESSAGE with Measurement type set to
Inter-Frequency measurements. Generally it will set an Event as well along with the
measurements. The following are list of Events that can trigger Measurement Report.
Event 2a: Change of Best Frequency
Event 2b: The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a
certain threshold and the estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a
certain threshold
Event 2c: The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is above a certain
threshold
Event 2d: The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is below a
certain threshold
Event 2e: The estimated quality of a non-used frequency is below a certain
threshold
Event 2f: The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is above a certain
threshold
The Inter-Frequency Handover Evaluation bases its decision on P-CPICH quality
measures on the currently used frequency and on one or more non-used
frequencies. If the evaluation result is positive, one cell on a non-used frequency is
proposed to Inter-Frequency handover Execution.
Inter-Frequency Handover is a hard handover where the UE is ordered by the
network to tune to another frequency. This means that there will be small
interruptions in the data flow to and from the UE.

68. What kind of Handover takes place in Load Sharing?

Answer –
It’s a blind handover to the co-located cell. IFHO i.e.

69. What do you understand by IFHO?

Answer –
IFHO – Inter Frequency Handover

70. What do you understand by Directed Retry?

Answer –
When there is a co-existing GSM RAN, excess traffic in a WCDMA cell may be
offloaded
to GSM
If a call is chosen for Directed Retry to GSM, the request for the speech RAB will be
rejected with cause "Directed retry" and then a request is made to the core network
to relocate the UE to a specific GSM cell, using the Inter-RAT handover procedure.
This handover is a blind one since the target cell is chosen not based on UE
measurements. Therefore, the target cell must be co-located with the WCDMA cell.
Co-located GSM cells are assumed to have similar coverage and accessibility as
their respective WCDMA cells.

71. What can we try to improve when access failure is high?

Answer –
When access failure is high we can try the following to improve RACH
performance:
Increase maximum UE transmit power allowed:
Max_allowed_UL_TX_Power.
Increase power quickly: power_Offset_P0.
Increase number of preambles sent in a given preamble cycle:
preamble_Retrans_Max.
Increase the number of preamble cycles: max_Preamble_Cycle.
Increase number of RRC Connection Request retries: N300.

72. What is Eb/No requirement for HSDPA?

Answer –
The Eb/No requirement for HSDPA varies with user bit rate (data rate), typically 2 for
768kbps and 5 for 2Mbps.

73. What HS Channels are introduced in HSDPA in L1?

Answer –
HS-PDSCH – High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel
HS-SCCH – High Speed Shared Control Channel
74. How Power Control is implemented in HSDPA?
Answer - Initial Power is set in the same way as open Loop Power control of DCH &
there is no further power control on HSDPA Shared Channel HS-DSCH. The
Channel Rate is controlled by adaptive modulation & coding formats.
The principles and functionality of the power control for the HSDPA associated
dedicated channels are the same as for the DPCH power control.
HS-DPCCH power is an offset relative to DPCCH depending upon whether the UE is
in soft handoff or not.
The Power for HS-SCCH is fixed.

75. What FIXED SF is used for HSDPA?

Answer –
SF 16, maximum of 5 codes.

76. What do you understand by CQI Measurements?

Answer – Channel Quality Estimation (CQI) for HSDPA sessions only.
In order to aid scheduling and TFRC selection in the RBS, the UE sends a channel
quality indicator (CQI) report on the uplink.
The CQI report estimates the number of bits that can be transmitted to the UE using
a certain assumed HS-PDSCH power with a block error rate of 10%

77. What type of Channel Coding is used for Voice and Data services?
Answer –
Voice – Convolution Coding
Data – Turbo coding

More Questions:
How you define the 3G coverage, and how you can improve it
How you troubleshooting the accessibility problems with given example
What the solution for capacity issues, and what parameters you can change to
improve the
capacity
How can improve HSDPA service.
How would you start the design process what are the basic inputs required
What are the design KPIs (e.g RSCP, Ec/No,CSSR, DCR)?
What should be the Softer/Soft handover percentage in the network?
What are the effects if Soft/Softer handover increases?
At a certain time max. how many cells can become Active Set for a UE?
How would you start optimization process for a cluster?
How would you analyze drop calls?
What are the Rack receivers?
How does the power control works in WCDMA networks?
What is the difference btw RSSI & RSCP?
What if RSSI becomes high when the RSCP of the active set is low?
 How would you select the atenna ? Which antenna is better 65deg or 90 Deg B.W?
under what
conditions you would select one of them?
Layer 3 msging for voice call setup.
Layer 3 Msging for IRAT.
What are events 3a, 2d, and 2f?
What is compressed mode?
What is pole capacity?
What is pilot channel pollution? how it can be controlled
what CDR and Acc rate we are running at the moment. So he wanted to know how
we went about
it. etc..
What do we do with Drive test data? What KPI's can we get from drive test?
look for poor Ec/No. Is it result of poor coverage or pilot pollution? Is it possible to
uptilt/downtilt
or change azimuth to fix RF conditions: I assume from a long drive you can determine
drops rate
based on 5min equivalent calls, block rate etc. You can guess uplink interference
from
UETxpower, BER/BLER for speech quality.
What KPI's do we look at? (using stats etc...)Accessibility and Retainability
What tools do we use?Tems Visualisation, OSS-RC (WNCS and WMRR), Tems data
collection,
Tems Route Analysis(he uses Actix though - more or less the same), Atoll(or similar
cell
planning), Stats package (Visual presentation of Ericsson counters).
Explain the call scenario and signaling process when you make a call using
a mobile:
dialing the number, call acknowledgment, parameters involved, etc.....till the
call is
successful
what causes call setup failures
the process of Model Tuning (design question) and what parameters are
acceptable
after you tune the model
In Actix spotlight, what data you will be looking for, what problems you find
mostly,
recommendations and solutions you make
how you load, analyze log files, what equipments you using
what causes drop calls and handover failures
what triggers the UE to handover between 2G to 3G: how, why, advantage,
parameters
responsible for that...
RAB services