Dir2001 83 Cons 20081230 Enkonsolideret

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001 — 1
This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents
►B DIRECTIVE 2001/83/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 6 November 2001
on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use
(OJ L 311, 28.11.2001, p. 67)
Amended by:
Official Journal
No page date
►M1 Directive 2002/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of L 33 30 8.2.2003
27 January 2003
►M2 Commission directive 2003/63/EC of 25 June 2003 L 159 46 27.6.2003
31 March 2004
31 March 2004
►M5 Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006 of the European Parliament and of the L 378 1 27.12.2006
Council of 12 December 2006
►M6 Regulation (EC) No 1394/2007 of the European Parliament and of the L 324 121 10.12.2007
Council of 13 November 2007
11 March 2008
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DIRECTIVE 2001/83/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 6 November 2001
on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human
use
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE

EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and

in particular Article 95 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (1),
Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the
Treaty (2),
Whereas:
(1) Council Directive 65/65/EEC of 26 January 1965 on the approx

imation of provisions laid down by law, regulation or adminis
trative action relating to medicinal products (3), Council Directive
75/318/EEC of 20 May 1975 on the approximation of the laws of
Member States relating to analytical, pharmaco-toxicological and
clinical standards and protocols in respect of the testing of
proprietary medicinal products (4), Council Directive
75/319/EEC of 20 May 1975 on the approximation of provisions
laid down by law, regulation or administrative action relating to
proprietary medicinal products (5), Council Directive 89/342/EEC
of 3 May 1989 extending the scope of Directives 65/65/EEC and
75/319/EEC and laying down additional provisions for immuno
logical medicinal products consisting of vaccines, toxins or
serums and allergens (6), Council Directive 89/343/EEC of 3
May 1989 extending the scope of Directives 65/65/EEC and
75/319/EEC and laying down additional provisions for radiophar
maceuticals (7), Council Directive 89/381/EEC of 14 June 1989
extending the scope of Directives 65/65/EEC and 75/319/EEC on
the approximation of provisions laid down by law, regulation or
administrative action relating to medicinal products and laying
down special provisions for proprietary medicinal products
derived from human blood or human plasma (8), Council
Directive 92/25/EEC of 31 March 1992 on the wholesale distri
bution of medicinal products for human use (9), Council Directive
92/26/EEC of 31 March 1992 concerning the classification for
(1) OJ C 368, 20.12.1999, p. 3.

(2) Opinion of the European Parliament of 3 July 2001 (not yet published in the
Official Journal) and Council Decision of 27 September 2001.
(3) OJ 22, 9.2.1965, p. 369/65. Directive as last amended by Directive
93/39/EEC (OJ L 214, 24.8.1993, p. 22).
(4) OJ L 147, 9.6.1975, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Commission Directive
1999/83/EC (OJ L 243, 15.9.1999, p. 9).
(5) OJ L 147, 9.6.1975, p. 13. Directive as last amended by Commission
Directive 2000/38/EC (OJ L 139, 10.6.2000, p. 28).
(6) OJ L 142, 25.5.1989, p. 14.
(7) OJ L 142, 25.5.1989, p. 16.
(8) OJ L 181, 28.6.1989, p. 44.
(9) OJ L 113, 30.4.1992, p. 1.
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the supply of medicinal products for human use (1), Council
Directive 92/27/EEC of 31 March 1992 on the labelling of
medicinal products for human use and on package leaflets (2),
Council Directive 92/28/EEC of 31 March 1992 on the adver
tising of medicinal products for human use (3), Council Directive
92/73/EEC of 22 September 1992 widening the scope of
Directives 65/65/EEC and 75/319/EEC on the approximation of
provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action
relating to medicinal products and laying down additional
provisions on homeopathic medicinal products (4) have been
frequently and substantially amended. In the interests of clarity
and rationality, the said Directives should therefore be codified
by assembling them in a single text.
(2) The essential aim of any rules governing the production, distri
bution and use of medicinal products must be to safeguard public
health.
(3) However, this objective must be attained by means which will
not hinder the development of the pharmaceutical industry or
trade in medicinal products within the Community.
(4) Trade in medicinal products within the Community is hindered
by disparities between certain national provisions, in particular
between provisions relating to medicinal products (excluding
substances or combinations of substances which are foods,
animal feeding-stuffs or toilet preparations), and such disparities
directly affect the functioning of the internal market.
(5) Such hindrances must accordingly be removed; whereas this
entails approximation of the relevant provisions.
(6) In order to reduce the disparities which remain, rules should be
laid down on the control of medicinal products and the duties
incumbent upon the Member States' competent authorities should
be specified with a view to ensuring compliance with legal
requirements.
(7) The concepts of harmfulness and therapeutic efficacy can only be
examined in relation to each other and have only a relative
significance depending on the progress of scientific knowledge
and the use for which the medicinal product is intended. The
particulars and documents which must accompany an application
for marketing authorization for a medicinal product demonstrate
that potential risks are outweighed by the therapeutic efficacy of
the product.
(8) Standards and protocols for the performance of tests and trials on
medicinal products are an effective means of control of these
products and hence of protecting public health and can facilitate
the movement of these products by laying down uniform rules
applicable to tests and trials, the compilation of dossiers and the
examination of applications.
(9) Experience has shown that it is advisable to stipulate more
precisely the cases in which the results of toxicological and
pharmacological tests or clinical trials do not have to be
provided with a view to obtaining authorization for a medicinal
product which is essentially similar to an authorized product,
while ensuring that innovative firms are not placed at a disad
vantage.
(10) However, there are reasons of public policy for not conducting
repetitive tests on humans or animals without over-riding cause.
(1) OJ L 113, 30.4.1992, p. 5.

(2) OJ L 113, 30.4.1992, p. 8.
(3) OJ L 113, 30.4.1992, p. 13.
(4) OJ L 297, 13.10.1992, p. 8.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 4
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(11) The adoption of the same standards and protocols by all the
Member States will enable the competent authorities to arrive
at their decisions on the basis of uniform tests and by reference
to uniform criteria and will therefore help to avoid differences in
evaluation.
(12) With the exception of those medicinal products which are subject
to the centralized Community authorization procedure established
by Council Regulation (EEC) No 2309/93 of 22 July 1993 laying
down Community procedures for the authorization and super
vision of medicinal products for human and veterinary use and
establishing a European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal
Products (1) a marketing authorization for a medicinal product
granted by a competent authority in one Member State ought
to be recognized by the competent authorities of the other
Member States unless there are serious grounds for supposing
that the authorization of the medicinal product concerned may
present a risk to public health. In the event of a disagreement
between Member States about the quality, the safety or the
efficacy of a medicinal product, a scientific evaluation of the
matter should be undertaken according to a Community
standard, leading to a single decision on the area of disagreement
binding on the Member States concerned. Whereas this decision
should be adopted by a rapid procedure ensuring close cooper
ation between the Commission and the Member States.
(13) For this purpose, a Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products

should be set up attached to the European Agency for the
Evaluation of Medicinal Products established in the abovemen
tioned Regulation (EEC) No 2309/93.
(14) This Directive represents an important step towards achievement

of the objective of the free movement of medicinal products.
Further measures may abolish any remaining barriers to the
free movement of proprietary medicinal products will be
necessary in the light of experience gained, particularly in the
abovementioned Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products.
(15) In order better to protect public health and avoid any unnecessary
duplication of effort during the examination of application for a
marketing authorization for medicinal products, Member States
should systematically prepare assessment reports in respect of
each medicinal product which is authorized by them, and
exchange the reports upon request. Furthermore, a Member
State should be able to suspend the examination of an application
for authorization to place a medicinal product on the market
which is currently under active consideration in another
Member State with a view to recognizing the decision reached
by the latter Member State.
(16) Following the establishment of the internal market, specific

controls to guarantee the quality of medicinal products imported
from third countries can be waived only if appropriate
arrangements have been made by the Community to ensure that
the necessary controls are carried out in the exporting country.
(17) It is necessary to adopt specific provisions for immunological

medicinal products, homeopathic medicinal products, radiophar
maceuticals, and medicinal products based on human blood or
human plasma.
(1) OJ L 214, 24.8.1993, p. 1. Regulation as amended by Commission Regu

lation (EC) No 649/98 (OJ L 88, 24.3.1998, p. 7).
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(18) Any rules governing radiopharmaceuticals must take into account
the provisions of Council Directive 84/466/Euratom of 3
September 1984 laying down basic measures for the radiation
protection of persons undergoing medical examination or
treatment (1). Account should also be taken of Council
Directive 80/836/Euratom of 15 July 1980 amending the
Directives laying down the basic safety standards for the health
protection of the general public and workers against the dangers
of ionizing radiation (2), the objective of which is to prevent the
exposure of workers or patients to excessive or unnecessarily
high levels of ionizing radiation, and in particular of Article 5c
thereof, which requires prior authorization for the addition of
radioactive substances to medicinal products as well as for the
importation of such medicinal products.
(19) The Community entirely supports the efforts of the Council of
Europe to promote voluntary unpaid blood and plasma donation
to attain self-sufficiency throughout the Community in the supply
of blood products, and to ensure respect for ethical principles in
trade in therapeutic substances of human origin.
(20) The rules designed to guarantee the quality, safety and efficacy of
medicinal products derived from human blood or human plasma
must be applied in the same manner to both public and private
establishments, and to blood and plasma imported from third
countries.
(21) Having regard to the particular characteristics of these homeo
pathic medicinal products, such as the very low level of active
principles they contain and the difficulty of applying to them the
conventional statistical methods relating to clinical trials, it is
desirable to provide a special, simplified registration procedure
for those homeopathic medicinal products which are placed on
the market without therapeutic indications in a pharmaceutical
form and dosage which do not present a risk for the patient.
(22) The anthroposophic medicinal products described in an official
pharmacopoeia and prepared by a homeopathic method are to be
treated, as regards registration and marketing authorization, in the
same way as homeopathic medicinal products.
(23) It is desirable in the first instance to provide users of these
homeopathic medicinal products with a very clear indication of
their homeopathic character and with sufficient guarantees of
their quality and safety.
(24) The rules relating to the manufacture, control and inspection of
homeopathic medicinal products must be harmonized to permit
the circulation throughout the Community of medicinal products
which are safe and of good quality.
(25) The usual rules governing the authorization to market medicinal
products should be applied to homeopathic medicinal products
placed on the market with therapeutic indications or in a form
which may present risks which must be balanced against the
desired therapeutic effect. In particular, those Member States
which have a homeopathic tradition should be able to apply
particular rules for the evaluation of the results of tests and
trials intended to establish the safety and efficacy of these
medicinal products provided that they notify them to the
Commission.
(26) In order to facilitate the movement of medicinal products and to
prevent the controls carried out in one Member State from being
(1) OJ L 265, 5.10.1984, p. 1. Directive repealed with effect from 13 May 2000
by Directive 97/43/Euratom (OJ L 180, 9.7.1997, p. 22).
(2) OJ L 246, 17.9.1980, p. 1. Directive as amended by Directive
84/467/Euratom (OJ L 265, 5.10.1984, p. 4), repealed with effect from 13
May 2000 by Directive 96/29/Euratom (OJ L 314, 4.12.1996, p. 20).
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 6
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repeated in another, minimum requirements should be laid down
for manufacture and imports coming from third countries and for
the grant of the authorization relating thereto.
(27) It should be ensured that, in the Member States, the supervision
and control of the manufacture of medicinal products is carried
out by a person who fulfils minimum conditions of qualification.
(28) Before an authorization to market an immunological medicinal
product or derived from human blood or human plasma can be
granted, the manufacturer must demonstrate his ability to attain
batch-to-batch consistency. Before an authorization to market a
medicinal product derived from human blood or human plasma
can be granted, the manufacturer must also demonstrate the
absence of specific viral contamination, to the extent that the
state of technology permits.
(29) The conditions governing the supply of medicinal products to the
public should be harmonized.
(30) In this connection persons moving around within the Community
have the right to carry a reasonable quantity of medicinal
products lawfully obtained for their personal use. It must also
be possible for a person established in one Member State to
receive from another Member State a reasonable quantity of
medicinal products intended for his personal use.
(31) In addition, by virtue of Regulation (EC) No 2309/93, certain
medicinal products are the subject of a Community marketing
authorization. In this context, the classification for the supply
of medicinal products covered by a Community marketing
authorization needs to be established. It is therefore important
to set the criteria on the basis of which Community decisions
will be taken.
(32) It is therefore appropriate, as an initial step, to harmonize the
basic principles applicable to the classification for the supply of
medicinal products in the Community or in the Member State
concerned, while taking as a starting point the principles
already established on this subject by the Council of Europe as
well as the work of harmonization completed within the
framework of the United Nations, concerning narcotic and
psychotropic substances.
(33) The provisions dealing with the classification of medicinal
products for the purpose of supply do not infringe the national
social security arrangements for reimbursement or payment for
medicinal products on prescription.
(34) Many operations involving the wholesale distribution of
medicinal products for human use may cover several Member
States simultaneously.
(35) It is necessary to exercise control over the entire chain of distri
bution of medicinal products, from their manufacture or import
into the Community through to supply to the public, so as to
guarantee that such products are stored, transported and handled
in suitable conditions. The requirements which must be adopted
for this purpose will considerably facilitate the withdrawal of
defective products from the market and allow more effective
efforts against counterfeit products.
(36) Any person involved in the wholesale distribution of medicinal
products should be in possession of a special authorization. Phar
macists and persons authorized to supply medicinal products to
the public, and who confine themselves to this activity, should be
exempt from obtaining this authorization. It is however necessary,
in order to control the complete chain of distribution of medicinal
products, that pharmacists and persons authorized to supply
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medicinal products to the public keep records showing trans
actions in products received.
(37) Authorization must be subject to certain essential conditions and
it is the responsibility of the Member State concerned to ensure
that such conditions are met; whereas each Member State must
recognize authorizations granted by other Member States.
(38) Certain Member States impose on wholesalers who supply
medicinal products to pharmacists and on persons authorized to
supply medicinal products to the public certain public service
obligations. Those Member States must be able to continue to
impose those obligations on wholesalers established within their
territory. They must also be able to impose them on wholesalers
in other Member States on condition that they do not impose any
obligation more stringent than those which they impose on their
own wholesalers and provided that such obligations may be
regarded as warranted on grounds of public health protection
and are proportionate in relation to the objective of such
protection.
(39) Rules should be laid down as to how the labelling and package
leaflets are to be presented.
(40) The provisions governing the information supplied to users
should provide a high degree of consumer protection, in order
that medicinal products may be used correctly on the basis of full
and comprehensible information.
(41) The marketing of medicinal products whose labelling and
package leaflets comply with this Directive should not be
prohibited or impeded on grounds connected with the labelling
or package leaflet.
(42) This Directive is without prejudice to the application of measures
adopted pursuant to Council Directive 84/450/EEC of 10
September 1984 relating to the approximation of the laws, regu
lations and administrative provisions of the Member States
concerning misleading advertising (1).
(43) All Member States have adopted further specific measures
concerning the advertising of medicinal products. There are
disparities between these measures. These disparities are likely
to have an impact on the functioning of the internal market, since
advertising disseminated in one Member State is likely to have
effects in other Member States.
(44) Council Directive 89/552/EEC of 3 October 1989 on the coordi
nation of certain provisions laid down by law, regulation or
administrative action in Member States concerning the pursuit
of television broadcasting activities (2) prohibits the television
advertising of medicinal products which are available only on
medical prescription in the Member State within whose juris
diction the television broadcaster is located. This principle
should be made of general application by extending it to other
media.
(45) Advertising to the general public, even of non-prescription
medicinal products, could affect public health, were it to be
excessive and ill-considered. Advertising of medicinal products
to the general public, where it is permitted, ought therefore to
satisfy certain essential criteria which ought to be defined.
(46) Furthermore, distribution of samples free of charge to the general
public for promotional ends must be prohibited.
(1) OJ L 250, 19.9.1984, p. 17. Directive as amended by Directive 97/55/EC (OJ

L 290, 23.10.1997, p. 18).
(2) OJ L 298, 17.10.1989, p. 23. Directive as amended by Directive 97/36/EC
(OJ L 202, 30.7.1997, p. 60).
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(47) The advertising of medicinal products to persons qualified to
prescribe or supply them contributes to the information
available to such persons. Nevertheless, this advertising should
be subject to strict conditions and effective monitoring, referring
in particular to the work carried out within the framework of the
Council of Europe.
(48) Advertising of medicinal products should be subject to effective,
adequate monitoring. Reference in this regard should be made to
the monitoring mechanisms set up by Directive 84/450/EEC.
(49) Medical sales representatives have an important role in the
promotion of medicinal products. Therefore, certain obligations
should be imposed upon them, in particular the obligation to
supply the person visited with a summary of product characte
ristics.
(50) Persons qualified to prescribe medicinal products must be able to
carry out these functions objectively without being influenced by
direct or indirect financial inducements.
(51) It should be possible within certain restrictive conditions to
provide samples of medicinal products free of charge to
persons qualified to prescribe or supply them so that they can
familiarize themselves with new products and acquire experience
in dealing with them.
(52) Persons qualified to prescribe or supply medicinal products must
have access to a neutral, objective source of information about
products available on the market. Whereas it is nevertheless for
the Member States to take all measures necessary to this end, in
the light of their own particular situation.
(53) Each undertaking which manufactures or imports medicinal
products should set up a mechanism to ensure that all information
supplied about a medicinal product conforms with the approved
conditions of use.
(54) In order to ensure the continued safety of medicinal products in
use, it is necessary to ensure that pharmacovigilance systems in
the Community are continually adapted to take account of
scientific and technical progress.
(55) It is necessary to take account of changes arising as a result of
international harmonisation of definitions, terminology and tech
nological developments in the field of pharmacovigilance.
(56) The increasing use of electronic networks for communication of
information on adverse reactions to medicinal products marketed
in the Community is intended to allow competent authorities to
share the information at the same time.
(57) It is the interest of the Community to ensure that the pharmacov
igilance systems for centrally authorised medicinal products and
those authorised by other procedures are consistent.
(58) Holders of marketing authorisations should be proactively
responsible for on-going pharmacovigilance of the medicinal
products they place on the market.
(59) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Directive
should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision
1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for
the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the
Commission (1).
(60) The Commission should be empowered to adopt any necessary
changes to Annex I in order to take into account scientific and
technical progress.
(1) OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.

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(61) This Directive should be without prejudice to the obligations of
the Member States concerning the time-limits for transposition of
the Directives set out in Annex II, Part B.
HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
TITLE I
DEFINITIONS
Article 1
For the purposes of this Directive, the following terms shall bear the
following meanings:
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__________
2. Medicinal product:
(a) Any substance or combination of substances presented as
having properties for treating or preventing disease in human
beings; or
(b) Any substance or combination of substances which may be
used in or administered to human beings either with a view
to restoring, correcting or modifying physiological functions by
exerting a pharmacological, immunological or metabolic action,
or to making a medical diagnosis.
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3. Substance:
Any matter irrespective of origin which may be:
— human, e.g.
human blood and human blood products;
— animal, e.g.
micro-organisms, whole animals, parts of organs, animal
secretions, toxins, extracts, blood products;
— vegetable, e.g.
micro-organisms, plants, parts of plants, vegetable secretions,
extracts;
— chemical, e.g.
elements, naturally occurring chemical materials and chemical
products obtained by chemical change or synthesis.
4. Immunological medicinal product:
Any medicinal product consisting of vaccines, toxins, serums or
allergen products:
(a) vaccines, toxins and serums shall cover in particular:
(i) agents used to produce active immunity, such as cholera
vaccine, BCG, polio vaccines, smallpox vaccine;
(ii) agents used to diagnose the state of immunity, including in
particular tuberculin and tuberculin PPD, toxins for the
Schick and Dick Tests, brucellin;
(iii) agents used to produce passive immunity, such as
diphtheria antitoxin, anti-smallpox globulin, antilym
phocytic globulin;
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(b) ‘allergen product’ shall mean any medicinal product which is
intended to identify or induce a specific acquired alteration in
the immunological response to an allergizing agent.
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4a. Advanced therapy medicinal product:
A product as defined in Article 2 of Regulation (EC)
No 1394/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of
13 November 2007 on advanced therapy medicinal products (1).
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5. Homeopathic medicinal product:
Any medicinal product prepared from substances called homeo
pathic stocks in accordance with a homeopathic manufacturing
procedure described by the European Pharmacopoeia or, in the
absence thereof, by the pharmacopoeias currently used officially
in the Member States. A homeopathic medicinal product may
contain a number of principles.
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6. Radiopharmaceutical:
Any medicinal product which, when ready for use, contains one or
more radionuclides (radioactive isotopes) included for a medicinal
purpose.
7. Radionuclide generator:
Any system incorporating a fixed parent radionuclide from which
is produced a daughter radionuclide which is to be obtained by
elution or by any other method and used in a radiopharmaceutical.
8. ►M4 Kit ◄:
Any preparation to be reconsitituted or combined with radionu
clides in the final radiopharmaceutical, usually prior to its admi
nistration.
9. Radionuclide precursor:
Any other radionuclide produced for the radio-labelling of another
substance prior to administration.
10. Medicinal products derived from human blood or human plasma:
Medicinal products based on blood constitutents which are
prepared industrially by public or private establishments, such
medicinal products including, in particular, albumin, coagulating
factors and immunoglobulins of human origin.
11. Adverse reaction:
A response to a medicinal product which is noxious and unin
tended and which occurs at doses normally used in man for the
prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease or for the restoration,
correction or modification of physiological function.
12. Serious adverse reaction:
An adverse reaction which results in death, is life-threatening,
requires inpatient hospitalisation or prolongation of existing hospi
talisation, results in persistent or significant disability or inca
pacity, or is a congenital anomaly/birth defect.
13. Unexpected adverse reaction:
An adverse reaction, the nature, severity or outcome of which is
not consistent with the summary of product characteristics.
14. Periodic safety update reports:
The periodical reports containing the records referred to in
Article 104.
(1) OJ L 324, 10.12.2007, p. 121.

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15. Post-authorisation safety study:
A pharmacoepidemiological study or a clinical trial carried out in
accordance with the terms of the marketing authorisation,
conducted with the aim of identifying or quantifying a safety
hazard relating to an authorised medicinal product.
16. Abuse of medicinal products:
Persistent or sporadic, intentional excessive use of medicinal
products which is accompanied by harmful physical or psycho
logical effets.
17. Wholesale distribution of medicinal products:
All activities consisting of procuring, holding, supplying or
exporting medicinal products, apart from supplying medicinal
products to the public. Such activities are carried out with manu
facturers or their depositories, importers, other wholesale distri
butors or with pharmacists and persons authorized or entitled to
supply medicinal products to the public in the Member State
concerned.
18. Public service obligation:
The obligation placed on wholesalers to guarantee permanently an
adequate range of medicinal products to meet the requirements of
a specific geographical area and to deliver the supplies requested
within a very short time over the whole of the area in question.
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18a Representative of the marketing authorisation holder:
The person, commonly known as local representative, designated
by the marketing authorisation holder to represent him in the
Member State concerned.
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19. Medicinal Prescription:
Any medicinal prescription issued by a professional person
qualified to do so.
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20. Name of the medicinal product:
The name, which may be either an invented name not liable to
confusion with the common name, or a common or scientific name
accompanied by a trade mark or the name of the marketing auth
orisation holder.
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21. Common name:
The international non-proprietary name recommended by the
World Health Organization, or, if one does not exist, the usual
common name.
22. Strength of the medicinal product:
The content of the active substances expressed quantitatively per
dosage unit, per unit of volume or weight according to the dosage
form.
23. Immediate packaging:
The container or other form of packaging immediately in contact
with the medicinal product.
24. Outer packaging:
The packaging into which is placed the immediate packaging.
25. Labelling:
Information on the immediate or outer packaging.
26. Package leaflet:
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A leaflet containing information for the user which accompanies
the medicinal product.
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27. Agency:
The European Medicines Agency established by Regulation (EC)
No 726/2004 (1).
28. Risks related to use of the medicinal product:
— any risk relating to the quality, safety or efficacy of the

medicinal product as regards patients' health or public health;
— any risk of undesirable effects on the environment.
28a. Risk-benefit balance:

An evaluation of the positive therapeutic effects of the medicinal
product in relation to the risks as defined in point 28, first indent.
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29. Traditional herbal medicinal product:
A herbal medicinal product that fulfils the conditions laid down in
Article 16a(1).
30. Herbal medicinal product:

Any medicinal product, exclusively containing as active ingre
dients one or more herbal substances or one or more herbal
preparations, or one or more such herbal substances in combi
nation with one or more such herbal preparations.
31. Herbal substances:

All mainly whole, fragmented or cut plants, plant parts, algae,
fungi, lichen in an unprocessed, usually dried, form, but
sometimes fresh. Certain exudates that have not been subjected
to a specific treatment are also considered to be herbal substances.
Herbal substances are precisely defined by the plant part used and
the botanical name according to the binomial system (genus,
species, variety and author).
32. Herbal preparations:

Preparations obtained by subjecting herbal substances to
treatments such as extraction, distillation, expression, fractionation,
purification, concentration or fermentation. These include
comminuted or powdered herbal substances, tinctures, extracts,
essential oils, expressed juices and processed exudates.
▼B
TITLE II
SCOPE
▼M4
Article 2
1. This Directive shall apply to medicinal products for human use

intended to be placed on the market in Member States and either
prepared industrially or manufactured by a method involving an
industrial process.
2. In cases of doubt, where, taking into account all its characteristics,

a product may fall within the definition of a ‘medicinal product’ and
within the definition of a product covered by other Community legis
lation the provisions of this Directive shall apply.
(1) OJ L 136, 30.4.2004, p. 1.

2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 13
▼M4
3. Notwithstanding paragraph 1 and Article 3(4), Title IV of this
Directive shall apply to medicinal products intended only for export
and to intermediate products.
▼B
Article 3
This Directive shall not apply to:

1. Any medicinal product prepared in a pharmacy in accordance with a
medical prescription for an individual patient (commonly known as
the magistral formula).
▼M4
2. Any medicinal product which is prepared in a pharmacy in
accordance with the prescriptions of a pharmacopoeia and is
intended to be supplied directly to the patients served by the
pharmacy in question (commonly known as the officinal formula).
3. Medicinal products intended for research and development trials, but
without prejudice to the provisions of Directive 2001/20/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 4 April 2001 on the
approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions
of the Member States relating to the implementation of good clinical
practice in the conduct of clinical trials on medicinal products for
human use (1).
▼B
4. Intermediate products intended for further processing by an
authorized manufacturer.
5. Any radionuclides in the form of sealed sources.
▼M4
6. Whole blood, plasma or blood cells of human origin, except for
plasma which is prepared by a method involving an industrial
process.
▼M6
7. Any advanced therapy medicinal product, as defined in Regulation
(EC) No 1394/2007, which is prepared on a non-routine basis
according to specific quality standards, and used within the same
Member State in a hospital under the exclusive professional respon
sibility of a medical practitioner, in order to comply with an indi
vidual medical prescription for a custom-made product for an indi
vidual patient.
Manufacturing of these products shall be authorised by the
competent authority of the Member State. Member States shall
ensure that national traceability and pharmacovigilance requirements
as well as the specific quality standards referred to in this paragraph
are equivalent to those provided for at Community level in respect of
advanced therapy medicinal products for which authorisation is
required pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 laying
down Community procedures for the authorisation and supervision of
medicinal products for human and veterinary use and establishing a
European Medicines Agency (2).
▼B
Article 4
1. Nothing in this Directive shall in any way derogate from the

Community rules for the radiation protection of persons undergoing
(1) OJ L 121, 1.5.2001, p. 34.

(2) OJ L 136, 30.4.2004, p. 1. Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC)
No 1901/2006 (OJ L 378, 27.12.2006, p. 1).
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 14
▼B
medical examination or treatment, or from the Community rules laying
down the basic safety standards for the health protection of the general
public and workers against the dangers of ionizing radiation.
2. This Directive shall be without prejudice to Council Decision

86/346/EEC of 25 June 1986 accepting on behalf of the Community
the European Agreement on the Exchange of Therapeutic Substances of
Human Origin (1).
3. The provisions of this Directive shall not affect the powers of the
Member States' authorities either as regards the setting of prices for
medicinal products or their inclusion in the scope of national health
insurance schemes, on the basis of health, economic and social
conditions.
4. This Directive shall not affect the application of national legis

lation prohibiting or restricting the sale, supply or use of medicinal
products as contraceptives or abortifacients. The Member States shall
communicate the national legislation concerned to the Commission.
▼M6
5. This Directive and all Regulations referred to therein shall not
affect the application of national legislation prohibiting or restricting
the use of any specific type of human or animal cells, or the sale,
supply or use of medicinal products containing, consisting of or
derived from these cells, on grounds not dealt with in the aforemen
tioned Community legislation. The Member States shall communicate
the national legislation concerned to the Commission. The Commission
shall make this information publicly available in a register.
▼M4
Article 5
1. A Member State may, in accordance with legislation in force and

to fulfil special needs, exclude from the provisions of this Directive
medicinal products supplied in response to a bona fide unsolicited
order, formulated in accordance with the specifications of an authorised
health-care professional and for use by an individual patient under his
direct personal responsibility.
2. Member States may temporarily authorise the distribution of an

unauthorised medicinal product in response to the suspected or
confirmed spread of pathogenic agents, toxins, chemical agents or
nuclear radiation any of which could cause harm.
3. Without prejudice to paragraph 1, Member States shall lay down

provisions in order to ensure that marketing authorisation holders,
manufacturers and health professionals are not subject to civil or admin
istrative liability for any consequences resulting from the use of a
medicinal product otherwise than for the authorised indications or
from the use of an unauthorised medicinal product, when such use is
recommended or required by a competent authority in response to the
suspected or confirmed spread of pathogenic agents, toxins, chemical
agents or nuclear radiation any of which could cause harm. Such
provisions shall apply whether or not national or Community authoris
ation has been granted.
4. Liability for defective products, as provided for by Council

Directive 85/374/EEC of 25 July 1985 on the approximation of the
laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States,
concerning liability for defective products (2), shall not be affected by
paragraph 3.
(1) OJ L 207, 30.7.1986, p. 1.

(2) OJ L 210, 7.8.1985, p. 29. Directive as last amended by Directive
1999/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 141,
4.6.1999, p. 20).
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 15
▼B
TITLE III
PLACING ON THE MARKET
CHAPTER 1
Marketing authorization
Article 6
▼M5
1. ►M6 No medicinal product may be placed on the market of a
Member State unless a marketing authorisation has been issued by the
competent authorities of that Member State in accordance with this
Directive or an authorisation has been granted in accordance with Regu
lation (EC) No 726/2004, read in conjunction with Regulation (EC)
No 1394/2007. ◄
▼M4
When a medicinal product has been granted an initial marketing auth
orisation in accordance with the first subparagraph, any additional
strengths, pharmaceutical forms, administration routes, presentations,
as well as any variations and extensions shall also be granted an auth
orisation in accordance with the first subparagraph or be included in the
initial marketing authorisation. All these marketing authorisations shall
be considered as belonging to the same global marketing authorisation,
in particular for the purpose of the application of Article 10(1).
1a The marketing authorisation holder shall be responsible for
marketing the medicinal product. The designation of a representative
shall not relieve the marketing authorisation holder of his legal respon
sibility.
▼B
2. The authorisation referred to in paragraph 1 shall also be required
for radionuclide generators, ►M4 kits ◄, radionuclide precursor
radiopharmaceuticals and industrially prepared radiopharmaceuticals.
Article 7
A marketing authorization shall not be required for a radiopharma

ceutical prepared at the time of use by a person or by an establishment
authorized, according to national legislation, to use such medicinal
products in an approved health care establishment exclusively from
authorized radionuclide generators, ►M4 kits ◄ or radionuclide
precursors in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Article 8
1. In order to obtain an authorization to place a medicinal product on

the market regardless of the procedure established by Regulation (EEC)
No 2309/93, an application shall be made to the competent authority of
the Member State concerned.
2. A marketing authorization may only be granted to an applicant
established in the Community.
3. The application shall be accompanied by the following particulars
and documents, submitted in accordance with Annex I:
(a) Name or corporate name and permanent address of the applicant
and, where applicable, of the manufacturer.
▼M4
(b) Name of the medicinal product.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 16
▼M4
(c) Qualitative and quantitative particulars of all the constituents of the
medicinal product, including the reference to its international non-
proprietary name (INN) recommended by the WHO, where an INN
for the medicinal product exists, or a reference to the relevant
chemical name.
(ca) Evaluation of the potential environmental risks posed by the
medicinal product. This impact shall be assessed and, on a case-
by-case basis, specific arrangements to limit it shall be envisaged.
▼B
(d) Description of the manufacturing method.
(e) Therapeutic indications, contra-indications and adverse reactions.
(f) Posology, pharmaceutical form, method and route of administration
and expected shelf life.
▼M4
(g) Reasons for any precautionary and safety measures to be taken for
the storage of the medicinal product, its administration to patients
and for the disposal of waste products, together with an indication
of potential risks presented by the medicinal product for the envi
ronment.
(h) Description of the control methods employed by the manufacturer.
(i) Results of:
— pharmaceutical (physico-chemical, biological or microbio
logical) tests,
— pre-clinical (toxicological and pharmacological) tests,
— clinical trials.
(ia) A detailed description of the pharmacovigilance and, where appro
priate, of the risk-management system which the applicant will
introduce.
(ib) A statement to the effect that clinical trials carried out outside the
European Union meet the ethical requirements of Directive
2001/20/EC.
(j) A summary, in accordance with Article 11, of the product charac
teristics, a mock-up of the outer packaging, containing the details
provided for in Article 54, and of the immediate packaging of the
medicinal product, containing the details provided for in Article 55,
together with a package leaflet in accordance with Article 59.
▼B
(k) A document showing that the manufacturer is authorised in his
own country to produce medicinal products.
(l) Copies of any authorisation obtained in another Member State or in
a third country to place the medicinal product on the market,
together with a list of those Member States in which an application
for authorisation submitted in accordance with this Directive is
under examination. Copies of the summary of the product charac
teristics proposed by the applicant in accordance with Article 11 or
approved by the competent authorities of the Member State in
accordance with Article 21. Copies of the package leaflet
proposed in accordance with Article 59 or approved by the
competent authorities of the Member State in accordance with
Article 61. Details of any decision to refuse authorization,
whether in the Community or in a third country, and the reasons
for such a decision.
This information shall be updated on a regular basis.
▼M4
(m) A copy of any designation of the medicinal product as an orphan
medicinal product under Regulation (EC) No 141/2000 of the
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 17
▼M4
European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 1999 on
orphan medicinal products (1), accompanied by a copy of the
relevant Agency opinion.
(n) Proof that the applicant has the services of a qualified person
responsible for pharmacovigilance and has the necessary means
for the notification of any adverse reaction suspected of
occurring either in the Community or in a third country.
The documents and information concerning the results of the pharma
ceutical and pre-clinical tests and the clinical trials referred to in point
(i) of the first subparagraph shall be accompanied by detailed summaries
in accordance with Article 12.
▼B
Article 9
In addition to the requirements set out in Articles 8 and 10(1), an

application for authorization to market a radionuclide generator shall
also contain the following information and particulars:
— a general description of the system together with a detailed
description of the components of the system which may affect the
composition or quality of the daughter nucleid preparation,
— qualitative and quantitative particulars of the eluate or the sublimate.
▼M4
Article 10
1. By way of derogation from Article 8(3)(i), and without prejudice

to the law relating to the protection of industrial and commercial
property, the applicant shall not be required to provide the results of
pre-clinical tests and of clinical trials if he can demonstrate that the
medicinal product is a generic of a reference medicinal product which
is or has been authorised under Article 6 for not less than eight years in
a Member State or in the Community.
A generic medicinal product authorised pursuant to this provision shall
not be placed on the market until ten years have elapsed from the initial
authorisation of the reference product.
The first subparagraph shall also apply if the reference medicinal
product was not authorised in the Member State in which the appli
cation for the generic medicinal product is submitted. In this case, the
applicant shall indicate in the application form the name of the Member
State in which the reference medicinal product is or has been authorised.
At the request of the competent authority of the Member State in which
the application is submitted, the competent authority of the other
Member State shall transmit within a period of one month, a confir
mation that the reference medicinal product is or has been authorised
together with the full composition of the reference product and if
necessary other relevant documentation.
The ten-year period referred to in the second subparagraph shall be
extended to a maximum of eleven years if, during the first eight
years of those ten years, the marketing authorisation holder obtains an
authorisation for one or more new therapeutic indications which, during
the scientific evaluation prior to their authorisation, are held to bring a
significant clinical benefit in comparison with existing therapies.
2. For the purposes of this Article:
(a) ‘reference medicinal product’ shall mean a medicinal product
authorised under Article 6, in accordance with the provisions of
Article 8;
(1) OJ L 18, 22.1.2000, p. 1.

2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 18
▼M4
(b) ‘generic medicinal product’ shall mean a medicinal product which
has the same qualitative and quantitative composition in active
substances and the same pharmaceutical form as the reference
medicinal product, and whose bioequivalence with the reference
medicinal product has been demonstrated by appropriate bioavail
ability studies. The different salts, esters, ethers, isomers, mixtures
of isomers, complexes or derivatives of an active substance shall be
considered to be the same active substance, unless they differ signif
icantly in properties with regard to safety and/or efficacy. In such
cases, additional information providing proof of the safety and/or
efficacy of the various salts, esters or derivatives of an authorised
active substance must be supplied by the applicant. The various
immediate-release oral pharmaceutical forms shall be considered
to be one and the same pharmaceutical form. Bioavailability
studies need not be required of the applicant if he can demonstrate
that the generic medicinal product meets the relevant criteria as
defined in the appropriate detailed guidelines.
3. In cases where the medicinal product does not fall within the
definition of a generic medicinal product as provided in paragraph
2(b) or where the bioequivalence cannot be demonstrated through bioa
vailability studies or in case of changes in the active substance(s),
therapeutic indications, strength, pharmaceutical form or route of admi
nistration, vis-à-vis the reference medicinal product, the results of the
appropriate pre-clinical tests or clinical trials shall be provided.
4. Where a biological medicinal product which is similar to a
reference biological product does not meet the conditions in the defi
nition of generic medicinal products, owing to, in particular, differences
relating to raw materials or differences in manufacturing processes of
the biological medicinal product and the reference biological medicinal
product, the results of appropriate pre-clinical tests or clinical trials
relating to these conditions must be provided. The type and quantity
of supplementary data to be provided must comply with the relevant
criteria stated in Annex I and the related detailed guidelines. The results
of other tests and trials from the reference medicinal product's dossier
shall not be provided.
5. In addition to the provisions laid down in paragraph 1, where an
application is made for a new indication for a well-established
substance, a non-cumulative period of one year of data exclusivity
shall be granted, provided that significant pre-clinical or clinical
studies were carried out in relation to the new indication.
6. Conducting the necessary studies and trials with a view to the
application of paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the consequential
practical requirements shall not be regarded as contrary to patent
rights or to supplementary protection certificates for medicinal products.
Article 10a
By way of derogation from Article 8(3)(i), and without prejudice to the

law relating to the protection of industrial and commercial property, the
applicant shall not be required to provide the results of pre-clinical tests
or clinical trials if he can demonstrate that the active substances of the
medicinal product have been in well-established medicinal use within
the Community for at least ten years, with recognised efficacy and an
acceptable level of safety in terms of the conditions set out in Annex I.
In that event, the test and trial results shall be replaced by appropriate
scientific literature.
Article 10b
In the case of medicinal products containing active substances used in

the composition of authorised medicinal products but not hitherto used
in combination for therapeutic purposes, the results of new pre-clinical
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 19
▼M4
tests or new clinical trials relating to that combination shall be provided
in accordance with Article 8(3)(i), but it shall not be necessary to
provide scientific references relating to each individual active substance.
Article 10c
Following the granting of a marketing authorisation, the authorisation

holder may allow use to be made of the pharmaceutical, pre-clinical and
clinical documentation contained in the file on the medicinal product,
with a view to examining subsequent applications relating to other
medicinal products possessing the same qualitative and quantitative
composition in terms of active substances and the same pharmaceutical
form.
Article 11
The summary of the product characteristics shall contain, in the order

indicated below, the following information:
1. name of the medicinal product followed by the strength and the
pharmaceutical form.
2. qualitative and quantitative composition in terms of the active
substances and constituents of the excipient, knowledge of which
is essential for proper administration of the medicinal product. The
usual common name or chemical description shall be used.
3. pharmaceutical form.
4. clinical particulars:
4.1. therapeutic indications,
4.2. posology and method of administration for adults and, where
necessary for children,
4.3. contra-indications,
4.4. special warnings and precautions for use and, in the case of immu
nological medicinal products, any special precautions to be taken by
persons handling such products and administering them to patients,
together with any precautions to be taken by the patient,
4.5. interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of inter
actions,
4.6. use during pregnancy and lactation,
4.7. effects on ability to drive and to use machines,
4.8. undesirable effects,
4.9. overdose (symptoms, emergency procedures, antidotes).
5. pharmacological properties:
5.1. pharmacodynamic properties,
5.2. pharmacokinetic properties,
5.3. preclinical safety data.
6. pharmaceutical particulars:
6.1. list of excipients,
6.2. major incompatibilities,
6.3. shelf life, when necessary after reconstitution of the medicinal
product or when the immediate packaging is opened for the first
time,
6.4. special precautions for storage,
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 20
▼M4
6.5. nature and contents of container,
6.6. special precautions for disposal of a used medicinal product or
waste materials derived from such medicinal product, if appropriate.
7. marketing authorisation holder.
8. marketing authorisation number(s).
9. date of the first authorisation or renewal of the authorisation.
10. date of revision of the text.
11. for radiopharmaceuticals, full details of internal radiation dosimetry.
12. for radiopharmaceuticals, additional detailed instructions for extem
poraneous preparation and quality control of such preparation and,
where appropriate, maximum storage time during which any inter
mediate preparation such as an eluate or the ready-to-use pharma
ceutical will conform with its specifications.
For authorisations under Article 10, those parts of the summary of
product characteristics of the reference medicinal product referring to
indications or dosage forms which were still covered by patent law at
the time when a generic medicine was marketed need not be included.
Article 12
1. The applicant shall ensure that, before the detailed summaries

referred to in the last subparagraph of Article 8(3) are submitted to
the competent authorities, they have been drawn up and signed by
experts with the necessary technical or professional qualifications,
which shall be set out in a brief curriculum vitae.
2. Persons having the technical and professional qualifications
referred to in paragraph 1 shall justify any use made of scientific
literature under Article 10a in accordance with the conditions set out
in Annex I.
3. The detailed summaries shall form part of the file which the
applicant submits to the competent authorities.
▼B
CHAPTER 2
Specific provisions applicable to homeopathic medicinal products

▼M4
Article 13
1. Member States shall ensure that homeopathic medicinal products

manufactured and placed on the market within the Community are
registered or authorised in accordance with Articles 14, 15 and 16,
except where such medicinal products are covered by a registration or
authorisation granted in accordance with national legislation on or
before 31 December 1993. In case of registrations, Article 28 and
Article 29(1) to (3) shall apply.
2. Member States shall establish a special simplified registration
procedure for the homeopathic medicinal products referred to in
Article 14.
▼B
Article 14
1. Only homeopathic medicinal products which satisfy all of the

following conditions may be subject to a special, simplified registration
procedure:
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 21
▼B
— they are administered orally or externally,
— no specific therapeutic indication appears on the labelling of the

medicinal product or in any information relating thereto,
— there is a sufficient degree of dilution to guarantee the safety of the

medicinal product; in particular, the medicinal product may not
contain either more than one part per 10 000 of the mother
tincture or more than 1/100th of the smallest dose used in
allopathy with regard to active substances whose presence in an
allopathic medicinal product results in the obligation to submit a
doctor's prescription.
▼M7
If new scientific evidence so warrants, the Commission may amend the
third indent of the first subparagraph. That measure, designed to amend
non-essential elements of this Directive, shall be adopted in accordance
with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in
Article 121(2a).
▼B
At the time of registration, Member States shall determine the classifi
cation for the dispensing of the medicinal product.
2. The criteria and rules of procedure provided for in Article 4(4),

Article 17(1) and Articles 22 to 26, 112, 116 and 125 shall apply by
analogy to the special, simplified registration procedure for homeopathic
medicinal products, with the exception of the proof of therapeutic
efficacy.
▼M4
__________
▼B
Article 15
An application for special, simplified registration may cover a series of

medicinal products derived from the same homeopathic stock or stocks.
The following documents shall be included with the application in order
to demonstrate, in particular, the pharmaceutical quality and the batch-
to-batch homogeneity of the products concerned:
— scientific name or other name given in a pharmacopoeia of the

homeopathic stock or stocks, together with a statement of the
various routes of administration, pharmaceutical forms and degree
of dilution to be registered,
▼M4
— dossier describing how the homeopathic stock or stocks is/are
obtained and controlled, and justifying its/their homeopathic use,
on the basis of an adequate bibliography,
▼B
— manufacturing and control file for each pharmaceutical form and a
description of the method of dilution and potentization,
— manufacturing authorization for the medicinal product concerned,
— copies of any registrations or authorizations obtained for the same

medicinal product in other Member States,
▼M4
— one or more mock-ups of the outer packaging and the immediate
packaging of the medicinal products to be registered,
▼B
— data concerning the stability of the medicinal product.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 22
▼B
Article 16
1. Homeopathic medicinal products other than those referred to in

Article 14(1) shall be authorized and labelled in accordance with
►M4 Articles 8, 10, 10a, 10b, 10c and 11 ◄.
2. A Member State may introduce or retain in its territory specific

rules for the ►M4 preclinical tests ◄ and clinical trials of homeo
pathic medicinal products other than those referred to in Article 14(1)
in accordance with the principles and characteristics of homeopathy as
practised in that Member State.
In this case, the Member State concerned shall notify the Commission
of the specific rules in force.
3. Title IX shall apply to homeopathic medicinal products, with the

exception of those referred to in Article 14(1).
▼M3
CHAPTER 2a
Specific provisions applicable to traditional herbal medicinal

products
Article 16a
1. A simplified registration procedure (hereinafter ‘traditional-use

registration’) is hereby established for herbal medicinal products
which fulfil all of the following criteria:
(a) they have indications exclusively appropriate to traditional herbal

medicinal products which, by virtue of their composition and
purpose, are intended and designed for use without the supervision
of a medical practitioner for diagnostic purposes or for prescription
or monitoring of treatment;
(b) they are exclusively for administration in accordance with a

specified strength and posology;
(c) they are an oral, external and/or inhalation preparation;
(d) the period of traditional use as laid down in Article 16c(1)(c) has
elapsed;
(e) the data on the traditional use of the medicinal product are
sufficient; in particular the product proves not to be harmful in
the specified conditions of use and the pharmacological effects or
efficacy of the medicinal product are plausible on the basis of long-
standing use and experience.
2. Notwithstanding Article 1(30), the presence in the herbal

medicinal product of vitamins or minerals for the safety of which
there is well-documented evidence shall not prevent the product from
being eligible for registration in accordance with paragraph 1, provided
that the action of the vitamins or minerals is ancillary to that of the
herbal active ingredients regarding the specified claimed indication(s).
3. However, in cases where the competent authorities judge that a

traditional herbal medicinal product fulfils the criteria for authorisation
in accordance with Article 6 or registration pursuant to Article 14, the
provisions of this chapter shall not apply.
Article 16b
1. The applicant and registration holder shall be established in the

Community.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 23
▼M3
2. In order to obtain traditional-use registration, the applicant shall
submit an application to the competent authority of the Member State
concerned.
Article 16c
1. The application shall be accompanied by:

(a) the particulars and documents:
(i) referred to in Article 8(3)(a) to (h), (j) and (k);
(ii) the results of the pharmaceutical tests referred to in the second
indent of Article 8(3)(i);
(iii) the summary of product characteristics, without the data
specified in Article 11(4);
(iv) in case of combinations, as referred to in Article 1(30) or
Article 16a(2), the information referred to in Article 16a(1)(e)
relating to the combination as such; if the individual active
ingredients are not sufficiently known, the data shall also
relate to the individual active ingredients;
(b) any authorisation or registration obtained by the applicant in another
Member State, or in a third country, to place the medicinal product
on the market, and details of any decision to refuse to grant an
authorisation or registration, whether in the Community or a third
country, and the reasons for any such decision;
(c) bibliographical or expert evidence to the effect that the medicinal
product in question, or a corresponding product has been in
medicinal use throughout a period of at least 30 years preceding
the date of the application, including at least 15 years within the
Community. At the request of the Member State where the appli
cation for traditional-use registration has been submitted, the
Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products shall draw up an
opinion on the adequacy of the evidence of the long-standing use
of the product, or of the corresponding product. The Member State
shall submit relevant documentation supporting the referral;
(d) a bibliographic review of safety data together with an expert report,
and where required by the competent authority, upon additional
request, data necessary for assessing the safety of the medicinal
product.
Annex I shall apply by analogy to the particulars and documents
specified in point (a).
2. A corresponding product, as referred to in paragraph 1(c), is char
acterised by having the same active ingredients, irrespective of the
excipients used, the same or similar intended purpose, equivalent
strength and posology and the same or similar route of administration
as the medicinal product applied for.
3. The requirement to show medicinal use throughout the period of
30 years, referred to in paragraph 1(c), is satisfied even where the
marketing of the product has not been based on a specific authorisation.
It is likewise satisfied if the number or quantity of ingredients of the
medicinal product has been reduced during that period.
4. Where the product has been used in the Community for less than
15 years, but is otherwise eligible for simplified registration, the
Member State where the application for traditional-use registration has
been submitted shall refer the product to the Committee for Herbal
Medicinal Products. The Member State shall submit relevant documen
tation supporting the referral.
The Committee shall consider whether the other criteria for a simplified
registration as referred to in Article 16a are fully complied with. If the
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 24
▼M3
Committee considers it possible, it shall establish a Community herbal
monograph as referred to in Article 16h(3) which shall be taken into
account by the Member State when taking its final decision.
Article 16d
1. Without prejudice to Article 16h(1), Chapter 4 of Title III shall

apply by analogy to registrations granted in accordance with
Article 16a, provided that:
(a) a Community herbal monograph has been established in accordance
with Article 16h(3), or
(b) the herbal medicinal product consists of herbal substances,
preparations or combinations thereof contained in the list referred
to in Article 16f.
2. For other herbal medicinal products as referred to in Article 16a,
each Member State shall, when evaluating an application for traditional-
use registration, take due account of registrations granted by another
Member State in accordance with this chapter.
Article 16e
1. Traditional-use registration shall be refused if the application does

not comply with Articles 16a, 16b or 16c or if at least one of the
following conditions is fulfilled:
(a) the qualitative and/or quantitative composition is not as declared;
(b) the indications do not comply with the conditions laid down in
Article 16a;
(c) the product could be harmful under normal conditions of use;
(d) the data on traditional use are insufficient, especially if pharmaco
logical effects or efficacy are not plausible on the basis of long-
standing use and experience;
(e) the pharmaceutical quality is not satisfactorily demonstrated.
2. The competent authorities of the Member States shall notify the
applicant, the Commission and any competent authority that requests it,
of any decision they take to refuse traditional-use registration and the
reasons for the refusal.
Article 16f
1. A list of herbal substances, preparations and combinations thereof

for use in traditional herbal medicinal products shall be established in
accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 121(2). The list
shall contain, with regard to each herbal substance, the indication, the
specified strength and the posology, the route of administration and any
other information necessary for the safe use of the herbal substance as a
traditional medicinal product.
2. If an application for traditional-use registration relates to a herbal
substance, preparation or a combination thereof contained in the list
referred to in paragraph 1, the data specified in Article 16c(1)(b)(c)
and (d) do not need to be provided. Article 16e(1)(c) and (d) shall
not apply.
3. If a herbal substance, preparation or a combination thereof ceases
to be included in the list referred to in paragraph 1, registrations
pursuant to paragraph 2 for herbal medicinal products containing this
substance shall be revoked unless the particulars and documents referred
to in Article 16c(1) are submitted within three months.
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Article 16g
1. Articles 3(1) and (2), 4(4), 6(1), 12, 17(1), 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 40
to 52, 70 to 85, 101 to 108, 111(1) and (3), 112, 116 to 118, 122, 123,
125, 126, second subparagraph, and 127 of this Directive as well as
Commission Directive 91/356/EEC (1) shall apply, by analogy, to tradi
tional-use registration granted under this chapter.
2. In addition to the requirements of Articles 54 to 65, any labelling
and user package leaflet shall contain a statement to the effect that:
(a) the product is a traditional herbal medicinal product for use in
specified indication(s) exclusively based upon long-standing use;
and
(b) the user should consult a doctor or a qualified health care practi
tioner if the symptoms persist during the use of the medicinal
product or if adverse effects not mentioned in the package leaflet
occur.
A Member State may require that the labelling and the user package
leaflet shall also state the nature of the tradition in question.
3. In addition to the requirements of Articles 86 to 99, any adver
tisement for a medicinal product registered under this chapter shall
contain the following statement: Traditional herbal medicinal product
for use in specified indication(s) exclusively based upon long-standing
use.
Article 16h
1. A Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products is hereby established.

That Committee shall be part of the Agency and shall have the
following competence:
(a) as regards simplified registrations, to:
— perform the tasks arising from Article 16c(1) and (4),
— perform the tasks arising from Article 16d,
— prepare a draft list of herbal substances, preparations and combi
nations thereof, as referred to in Article 16f(1), and
— establish Community monographs for traditional herbal
medicinal products, as referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article;
(b) as regards authorisations of herbal medicinal products, to establish
Community herbal monographs for herbal medicinal products, as
referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article;
(c) as regards referrals to the Agency under Chapter 4 of Title III, in
relation to herbal medicinal products as referred to in Article 16a, to
perform the tasks set out in Article 32;
(d) where other medicinal products containing herbal substances are
referred to the Agency under Chapter 4 of Title III, to give an
opinion on the herbal substance where appropriate.
Finally, the Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products shall perform any
other task conferred upon it by Community law.
The appropriate coordination with the Committee for Human Medicinal
Products shall be ensured by a procedure to be determined by the
Executive Director of the Agency in accordance with Article 57(2) of
Regulation (EEC) No 2309/93.
(1) OJ L 193, 17.7.1991, p. 30.

2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 26
▼M3
2. Each Member State shall appoint, for a three-year term which may
be renewed, one member and one alternate to the Committee for Herbal
Medicinal Products.
The alternates shall represent and vote for the members in their absence.
Members and alternates shall be chosen for their role and experience in
the evaluation of herbal medicinal products and shall represent the
competent national authorities.
The said Committee may coopt a maximum of five additional members
chosen on the basis of their specific scientific competence. These
members shall be appointed for a term of three years, which may be
renewed, and shall not have alternates.
With a view to the coopting of such members, the said Committee shall
identify the specific complementary scientific competence of the addi
tional member(s). Coopted members shall be chosen among experts
nominated by Member States or the Agency.
The members of the said Committee may be accompanied by experts in
specific scientific or technical fields.
3. The Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products shall establish
Community herbal monographs for herbal medicinal products with
regard to the application of Article 10(1)(a)(ii) as well as traditional
herbal medicinal products. The said Committee shall fulfil further
responsibilities conferred upon it by provisions of this chapter and
other Community law.
When Community herbal monographs within the meaning of this
paragraph have been established, they shall be taken into account by
the Member States when examining an application. Where no such
Community herbal monograph has yet been established, other appro
priate monographs, publications or data may be referred to.
When new Community herbal monographs are established, the regis
tration holder shall consider whether it is necessary to modify the regis
tration dossier accordingly. The registration holder shall notify any such
modification to the competent authority of the Member State concerned.
The herbal monographs shall be published.
4. The general provisions of Regulation (EEC) No 2309/93 relating
to the Committee for Human Medicinal Products shall apply by analogy
to the Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products.
Article 16i
Before 30 April 2007, the Commission shall submit a report to the

European Parliament and to the Council concerning the application of
the provisions of this chapter.
The report shall include an assessment on the possible extension of
traditional-use registration to other categories of medicinal products.
▼B
CHAPTER 3
Procedures relevant to the marketing authorization

▼M4
Article 17
1. Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that

the procedure for granting a marketing authorisation for medicinal
products is completed within a maximum of 210 days after the
submission of a valid application.
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▼M4
Applications for marketing authorisations in two or more Member States
in respect of the same medicinal product shall be submitted in
accordance with Articles 27 to 39.
2. Where a Member State notes that another marketing authorisation

application for the same medicinal product is being examined in another
Member State, the Member State concerned shall decline to assess the
application and shall advise the applicant that Articles 27 to 39 apply.
Article 18
Where a Member State is informed in accordance with Article 8(3)(1)

that another Member State has authorised a medicinal product which is
the subject of a marketing authorisation application in the Member State
concerned, it shall reject the application unless it was submitted in
compliance with Articles 27 to 39.
▼B
Article 19
In order to examine the application submitted in accordance with

►M4 Articles 8, 10, 10a, 10b and 10c ◄, the competent authority
of the Member State:
1. must verify whether the particulars submitted in support of the appli

cation comply with the said ►M4 Articles 8, 10, 10a, 10b and
10c ◄ and examine whether the conditions for issuing an author
ization to place medicinal products on the market (marketing author
ization) are complied with.
2. may submit the medicinal product, its starting materials and, if need
be, its intermediate products or other constituent materials, for testing
by ►M4 an Official Medicines Control Laboratory or a laboratory
that a Member State has designated for that purpose ◄ in order to
ensure that the control methods employed by the manufacturer and
described in the particulars accompanying the application in
accordance with Article 8(3)(h) are satisfactory.
3. may, where appropriate, require the applicant to supplement the

particulars accompanying the application in respect of the items
listed in the ►M4 Articles 8(3), 10, 10a, 10b and 10c ◄. Where
the competent authority avails itself of this option, the time limits
laid down in Article 17 shall be suspended until such time as the
supplementary information required has been provided. Likewise,
these time limits shall be suspended for the time allowed the
applicant, where appropriate, for giving oral or written explanation.
Article 20
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that:
(a) the competent authorities verify that manufacturers and importers of

medicinal products coming from third countries are able to carry out
manufacture in compliance with the particulars supplied pursuant to
Article 8(3)(d), and/or to carry out controls according to the
methods described in the particulars accompanying the application
in accordance with Article 8(3)(h);
(b) the competent authorities may allow manufacturers and importers of

medicinal products coming from third countries, ►M4 in justifiable
cases ◄, to have certain stages of manufacture and/or certain of the
controls referred to in (a) carried out by third parties; in such cases,
the verifications by the competent authorities shall also be made in
the establishment designated.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 28
▼B
Article 21
1. When the marketing authorization is issued, the holder shall be

informed, by the competent authorities of the Member State concerned,
of the summary of the product characteristics as approved by it.
2. The competent authorities shall take all necessary measures to
ensure that the information given in the summary is in conformity
with that accepted when the marketing authorization is issued or subse
quently.
▼M4
3. The competent authorities shall make publicly available without
delay the marketing authorisation together with the summary of the
product characteristics for each medicinal product which they have
authorised.
4. The competent authorities shall draw up an assessment report and
comments on the file as regards the results of the pharmaceutical and
pre-clinical tests and the clinical trials of the medicinal product
concerned. The assessment report shall be updated whenever new infor
mation becomes available which is of importance for the evaluation of
the quality, safety or efficacy of the medicinal product concerned.
The competent authorities shall make publicly accessible without delay
the assessment report, together with the reasons for their opinion, after
deletion of any information of a commercially confidential nature. The
justification shall be provided separately for each indication applied for.
Article 22
In exceptional circumstances and following consultation with the

applicant, the authorisation may be granted subject to a requirement
for the applicant to meet certain conditions, in particular concerning
the safety of the medicinal product, notification to the competent auth
orities of any incident relating to its use, and action to be taken. This
authorisation may be granted only for objective, verifiable reasons and
must be based on one of the grounds set out in Annex I. Continuation
of the authorisation shall be linked to the annual reassessment of these
conditions. The list of these conditions shall be made publicly accessible
without delay, together with deadlines and dates of fulfilment.
▼B
Article 23
After an authorization has been issued, the authorization holder must, in

respect of the methods of manufacture and control provided for in
Article 8(3)(d) and (h), take account of scientific and technical
progress and introduce any changes that may be required to enable
the medicinal product to be manufactured and checked by means of
generally accepted scientific methods.
These changes shall be subject to the approval of the competent
authority of the Member State concerned.
▼M4
The authorisation holder shall forthwith supply to the competent
authority any new information which might entail the amendment of
the particulars or documents referred to in Articles 8(3), 10, 10a, 10b
and 11, or 32(5), or Annex I.
In particular, he shall forthwith inform the competent authority of any
prohibition or restriction imposed by the competent authorities of any
country in which the medicinal product for human use is marketed and
of any other new information which might influence the evaluation of
the benefits and risks of the medicinal product for human use
concerned.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 29
▼M4
In order that the risk-benefit balance may be continuously assessed, the
competent authority may at any time ask the holder of the marketing
authorisation to forward data demonstrating that the risk-benefit balance
remains favourable.
Article 23a
After a marketing authorisation has been granted, the holder of the

authorisation shall inform the competent authority of the authorising
Member State of the date of actual marketing of the medicinal
product for human use in that Member State, taking into account the
various presentations authorised.
The holder shall also notify the competent authority if the product
ceases to be placed on the market of the Member State, either
temporarily or permanently. Such notification shall, otherwise than in
exceptional circumstances, be made no less than 2 months before the
interruption in the placing on the market of the product.
Upon request by the competent authority, particularly in the context of

pharmacovigilance, the marketing authorisation holder shall provide the
competent authority with all data relating to the volume of sales of the
medicinal product, and any data in his possession relating to the volume
of prescriptions.
Article 24
1. Without prejudice to paragraphs 4 and 5, a marketing authorisation

shall be valid for five years.
2. The marketing authorisation may be renewed after five years on

the basis of a re-evaluation of the risk-benefit balance by the competent
authority of the authorising Member State.
To this end, the marketing authorisation holder shall provide the

competent authority with a consolidated version of the file in respect
of quality, safety and efficacy, including all variations introduced since
the marketing authorisation was granted, at least six months before the
marketing authorisation ceases to be valid in accordance with paragraph
1.
3. Once renewed, the marketing authorisation shall be valid for an

unlimited period, unless the competent authority decides, on justified
grounds relating to pharmacovigilance, to proceed with one additional
five-year renewal in accordance with paragraph 2.
4. Any authorisation which within three years of its granting is not

followed by the actual placing on the market of the authorised product
in the authorising Member State shall cease to be valid.
5. When an authorised product previously placed on the market in

the authorising Member State is no longer actually present on the
market for a period of three consecutive years, the authorisation for
that product shall cease to be valid.
6. The competent authority may, in exceptional circumstances and on

public health grounds grant exemptions from paragraphs 4 and 5. Such
exemptions must be duly justified.
▼B
Article 25
Authorization shall not affect the civil and criminal liability of the
manufacturer and, where applicable, of the marketing authorization
holder.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 30
▼M4
Article 26
1. The marketing authorisation shall be refused if, after verification

of the particulars and documents listed in Articles 8, 10, 10a, 10b and
10c, it is clear that:
(a) the risk-benefit balance is not considered to be favourable; or
(b) its therapeutic efficacy is insufficiently substantiated by the
applicant; or
(c) its qualitative and quantitative composition is not as declared.
2. Authorisation shall likewise be refused if any particulars or
documents submitted in support of the application do not comply
with Articles 8, 10, 10a, 10b and 10c.
3. The applicant or the holder of a marketing authorisation shall be
responsible for the accuracy of the documents and the data submitted.
CHAPTER 4
Mutual recognition procedure and decentralised procedure
Article 27
1. A coordination group shall be set up for the examination of any

question relating to marketing authorisation of a medicinal product in
two or more Member States in accordance with the procedures laid
down in this Chapter. The Agency shall provide the secretariat of this
coordination group.
2. The coordination group shall be composed of one representative
per Member State appointed for a renewable period of three years.
Members of the coordination group may arrange to be accompanied
by experts.
3. The coordination group shall draw up its own Rules of Procedure,
which shall enter into force after a favourable opinion has been given by
the Commission. These Rules of Procedure shall be made public.
Article 28
1. With a view to the granting of a marketing authorisation for a

medicinal product in more than one Member State, an applicant shall
submit an application based on an identical dossier in these Member
States. The dossier shall contain the information and documents referred
to in Articles 8, 10, 10a, 10b, 10c and 11. The documents submitted
shall include a list of Member States concerned by the application.
The applicant shall request one Member State to act as ‘reference
Member State’ and to prepare an assessment report on the medicinal
product in accordance with paragraphs 2 or 3.
2. Where the medicinal product has already received a marketing
authorisation at the time of application, the concerned Member States
shall recognise the marketing authorisation granted by the reference
Member State. To this end, the marketing authorisation holder shall
request the reference Member State either to prepare an assessment
report on the medicinal product or, if necessary, to update any
existing assessment report. The reference Member State shall prepare
or update the assessment report within 90 days of receipt of a valid
application. The assessment report together with the approved summary
of product characteristics, labelling and package leaflet shall be sent to
the concerned Member States and to the applicant.
3. In cases where the medicinal product has not received a marketing
authorisation at the time of application, the applicant shall request the
reference Member State to prepare a draft assessment report, a draft
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 31
▼M4
summary of product characteristics and a draft of the labelling and
package leaflet. The reference Member State shall prepare these draft
documents within 120 days after receipt of a valid application and shall
send them to the concerned Member States and to the applicant.
4. Within 90 days of receipt of the documents referred to in para
graphs 2 and 3, the Member States concerned shall approve the
assessment report, the summary of product characteristics and the
labelling and package leaflet and shall inform the reference Member
State accordingly. The reference Member State shall record the
agreement of all parties, close the procedure and inform the applicant
accordingly.
5. Each Member State in which an application has been submitted in
accordance with paragraph 1 shall adopt a decision in conformity with
the approved assessment report, the summary of product characteristics
and the labelling and package leaflet as approved, within 30 days after
acknowledgement of the agreement.
Article 29
1. If, within the period laid down in Article 28(4), a Member State
cannot approve the assessment report, the summary of product charac
teristics, the labelling and the package leaflet on the grounds of potential
serious risk to public health, it shall give a detailed exposition of the
reasons for its position to the reference Member State, to the other
Member States concerned and to the applicant. The points of
disagreement shall be forthwith referred to the coordination group.
2. Guidelines to be adopted by the Commission shall define a
potential serious risk to public health.
3. Within the coordination group, all Member States referred to in
paragraph 1 shall use their best endeavours to reach agreement on the
action to be taken. They shall allow the applicant the opportunity to
make his point of view known orally or in writing. If, within 60 days of
the communication of the points of disagreement, the Member States
reach an agreement, the reference Member State shall record the
agreement, close the procedure and inform the applicant accordingly.
Article 28(5) shall apply.
4. If the Member States fail to reach an agreement within the 60-day
period laid down in paragraph 3, the Agency shall be immediately
informed, with a view to the application of the procedure under
Articles 32, 33 and 34. The Agency shall be provided with a detailed
statement of the matters on which the Member States have been unable
to reach agreement and the reasons for their disagreement. A copy shall
be forwarded to the applicant.
5. As soon as the applicant is informed that the matter has been
referred to the Agency, he shall forthwith forward to the Agency a
copy of the information and documents referred to in the first subpara
graph of Article 28(1).
6. In the circumstances referred to in paragraph 4, Member States
that have approved the assessment report, the draft summary of product
characteristics and the labelling and package leaflet of the reference
Member State may, at the request of the applicant, authorise the
medicinal product without waiting for the outcome of the procedure
laid down in Article 32. In that event, the authorisation granted shall
be without prejudice to the outcome of that procedure.
Article 30
1. If two or more applications submitted in accordance with Articles

8, 10, 10a, 10b, 10c and 11 have been made for marketing authorisation
for a particular medicinal product, and if Member States have adopted
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 32
▼M4
divergent decisions concerning the authorisation of the medicinal
product or its suspension or revocation, a Member State, the
Commission or the applicant or the marketing authorisation holder
may refer the matter to the Committee for Medicinal Products for
Human Use, hereinafter referred to as ‘the Committee’, for the appli
cation of the procedure laid down in Articles 32, 33 and 34.
2. In order to promote harmonisation of authorisations for medicinal
products authorised in the Community, Member States shall, each year,
forward to the coordination group a list of medicinal products for which
a harmonised summary of product characteristics should be drawn up.
The coordination group shall lay down a list taking into account the
proposals from all Member States and shall forward this list to the
Commission.
The Commission or a Member State, in agreement with the Agency and
taking into account the views of interested parties, may refer these
products to the Committee in accordance with paragraph 1.
Article 31
1. The Member States or the Commission or the applicant or the

marketing authorisation holder shall, in specific cases where the
interests of the Community are involved, refer the matter to the
Committee for application of the procedure laid down in Articles 32,
33 and 34 before any decision is reached on a request for a marketing
authorisation or on the suspension or revocation of an authorisation, or
on any other variation to the terms of a marketing authorisation which
appears necessary, in particular to take account of the information
collected in accordance with Title IX.
The Member State concerned or the Commission shall clearly identify
the question which is referred to the Committee for consideration and
shall inform the applicant or the marketing authorisation holder.
The Member States and the applicant or the marketing authorisation
holder shall supply the Committee with all available information
relating to the matter in question.
2. Where the referral to the Committee concerns a range of medicinal
products or a therapeutic class, the Agency may limit the procedure to
certain specific parts of the authorisation.
In that event, Article 35 shall apply to those medicinal products only if
they were covered by the authorisation procedures referred to in this
Chapter.
Article 32
1. When reference is made to the procedure laid down in this Article,

the Committee shall consider the matter concerned and shall issue a
reasoned opinion within 60 days of the date on which the matter was
referred to it.
However, in cases submitted to the Committee in accordance with
Articles 30 and 31, this period may be extended by the Committee
for a further period of up to 90 days, taking into account the views
of the applicants or the marketing authorisation holders concerned.
In an emergency, and on a proposal from its Chairman, the Committee
may agree to a shorter deadline.
2. In order to consider the matter, the Committee shall appoint one of
its members to act as rapporteur. The Committee may also appoint
individual experts to advise it on specific questions. When appointing
experts, the Committee shall define their tasks and specify the time-limit
for the completion of these tasks.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 33
▼M4
3. Before issuing its opinion, the Committee shall provide the
applicant or the marketing authorisation holder with an opportunity to
present written or oral explanations within a time limit which it shall
specify.
The opinion of the Committee shall be accompanied by a draft summary
of product characteristics for the product and a draft text of the labelling
and package leaflet.
If necessary, the Committee may call upon any other person to provide
information relating to the matter before it.
The Committee may suspend the time-limits referred to in paragraph 1
in order to allow the applicant or the marketing authorisation holder to
prepare explanations.
4. The Agency shall forthwith inform the applicant or the marketing
authorisation holder where the opinion of the Committee is that:
(a) the application does not satisfy the criteria for authorisation; or
(b) the summary of the product characteristics proposed by the
applicant or the marketing authorisation holder in accordance with
Article 11 should be amended; or
(c) the authorisation should be granted subject to certain conditions, in
view of conditions considered essential for the safe and effective
use of the medicinal product including pharmacovigilance; or
(d) a marketing authorisation should be suspended, varied or revoked.
Within 15 days after receipt of the opinion, the applicant or the
marketing authorisation holder may notify the Agency in writing of
his intention to request a re-examination of the opinion. In that case,
he shall forward to the Agency the detailed grounds for the request
within 60 days after receipt of the opinion.
Within 60 days following receipt of the grounds for the request, the
Committee shall re-examine its opinion in accordance with the fourth
subparagraph of Article 62(1) of Regulation (EC) No 726/2004. The
reasons for the conclusion reached shall be annexed to the assessment
report referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article.
5. Within 15 days after its adoption, the Agency shall forward the
final opinion of the Committee to the Member States, to the
Commission and to the applicant or the marketing authorisation
holder, together with a report describing the assessment of the
medicinal product and stating the reasons for its conclusions.
In the event of an opinion in favour of granting or maintaining an
authorisation to place the medicinal product concerned on the market,
the following documents shall be annexed to the opinion:
(a) a draft summary of the product characteristics, as referred to in
Article 11;
(b) any conditions affecting the authorisation within the meaning of
paragraph 4(c);
(c) details of any recommended conditions or restrictions with regard to
the safe and effective use of the medicinal product;
(d) the proposed text of the labelling and leaflet.
▼B
Article 33
Within ►M4 15 days ◄ of the receipt of the opinion, the Commission

shall prepare a draft of the decision to be taken in respect of the
application, taking into account Community law.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 34
▼B
In the event of a draft decision which envisages the granting of
marketing authorization, the documents referred to in
►M4 Article 32(5), second subparagraph ◄ shall be annexed.
Where, exceptionally, the draft decision is not in accordance with the
opinion of the Agency, the Commission shall also annex a detailed
explanation of the reasons for the differences.
The draft decision shall be forwarded to the Member States and the
applicant►M4 or the marketing authorisation holder ◄.
▼M4
Article 34
1. The Commission shall take a final decision in accordance with,

and within 15 days after the end of, the procedure referred to in
Article 121(3).
2. The rules of procedure of the Standing Committee established by
Article 121(1) shall be adjusted to take account of the tasks incumbent
upon it under this Chapter.
Those adjustments shall entail the following provisions:
(a) except in cases referred to in the third paragraph of Article 33, the
opinion of the Standing Committee shall be given in writing;
(b) Member States shall have 22 days to forward their written obser
vations on the draft decision to the Commission. However, if a
decision has to be taken urgently, a shorter time-limit may be set
by the Chairman according to the degree of urgency involved. This
time-limit shall not, otherwise than in exceptional circumstances, be
shorter than 5 days;
(c) Member States shall have the option of submitting a written request
that the draft Decision be discussed in a plenary meeting of the
Standing Committee.
Where, in the opinion of the Commission, the written observations of a
Member State raise important new questions of a scientific or technical
nature which have not been addressed in the opinion delivered by the
Agency, the Chairman shall suspend the procedure and refer the appli
cation back to the Agency for further consideration.
The provisions necessary for the implementation of this paragraph shall
be adopted by the Commission in accordance with the procedure
referred to in Article 121(2).
3. The decision as referred to in paragraph 1 shall be addressed to all
Member States and reported for information to the marketing authoris
ation holder or applicant. The concerned Member States and the
reference Member State shall either grant or revoke the marketing auth
orisation, or vary its terms as necessary to comply with the decision
within 30 days following its notification, and they shall refer to it. They
shall inform the Commission and the Agency accordingly.
▼B
Article 35
1. Any application by the marketing authorization holder to vary a

marketing authorization which has been granted in accordance with the
provisions of this Chapter shall be submitted to all the Member States
which have previously authorized the medicinal product concerned.
The Commission shall, in consultation with the Agency, adopt appro
priate arrangements for the examination of variations to the terms of a
marketing authorization.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 35
▼M4
__________
▼M7
These arrangements shall be adopted by the Commission in the form of
an implementing regulation. That measure, designed to amend non-
essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it, shall be
adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny
referred to in Article 121(2a).
▼B
2. In case of arbitration submitted to the Commission, the procedure
laid down in Articles 32, 33 and 34 shall apply by analogy to variations
made to marketing authorizations.
Article 36
1. Where a Member State considers that the variation of a marketing

authorization which has been granted in accordance with the provisions
of this Chapter or its suspension or withdrawal is necessary for the
protection of public health, the Member State concerned shall
forthwith refer the matter to the Agency for the application of the
procedures laid down in Articles 32, 33 and 34.
2. Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 31, in exceptional

cases, where urgent action is essential to protect public health, until a
definitive decision is adopted a Member State may suspend the
marketing and the use of the medicinal product concerned on its
territory. It shall inform the Commission and the other Member States
no later than the following working day of the reasons for its action.
Article 37
Articles 35 and 36 shall apply by analogy to medicinal products

authorized by Member States following an opinion of the Committee
given in accordance with Article 4 of Directive 87/22/EEC before 1
January 1995.
Article 38
1. The Agency shall publish an annual report on the operation of the

procedures laid down in this Chapter and shall forward that report to the
European Parliament and the Council for information.
▼M4
2. At least every ten years the Commission shall publish a report on
the experience acquired on the basis of the procedures described in this
Chapter and shall propose any amendments which may be necessary to
improve those procedures. The Commission shall submit this report to
the European Parliament and to the Council.
Article 39
Article 29(4), (5) and (6) and Articles 30 to 34 shall not apply to the
homeopathic medicinal products referred to in Article 14.
Articles 28 to 34 shall not apply to the homeopathic medicinal products

referred to in Article 16(2).
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 36
▼B
TITLE IV
MANUFACTURE AND IMPORTATION
Article 40

the manufacture of the medicinal products within their territory is
subject to the holding of an authorization. This manufacturing author
ization shall be required nothwithstanding that the medicinal products
manufactured are intended for export.
2. The authorization referred to in paragraph 1 shall be required for
both total and partial manufacture, and for the various processes of
dividing up, packaging or presentation.
However, such authorization shall not be required for preparation,
dividing up, changes in packaging or presentation where these
processes are carried out, solely for retail supply, by pharmacists in
dispensing pharmacies or by persons legally authorized in the
Member States to carry out such processes.
3. Authorization referred to in paragraph 1 shall also be required for
imports coming from third countries into a Member State; this Title and
Article 118 shall have corresponding application to such imports as they
have to manufacture.
▼M4
4. The Member States shall forward to the Agency a copy of the
authorisation referred to in paragraph 1. The Agency shall enter that
information on the Community database referred to in Article 111(6).
▼B
Article 41
In order to obtain the manufacturing authorization, the applicant shall

meet at least the following requirements:
(a) specify the medicinal products and pharmaceutical forms which are
to be manufactured or imported and also the place where they are to
be manufactured and/or controlled;
(b) have at his disposal, for the manufacture or import of the above,
suitable and sufficient premises, technical equipment and control
facilities complying with the legal requirements which the
Member State concerned lays down as regards both manufacture
and control and the storage of medicinal products, in accordance
with Article 20;
(c) have at his disposal the services of at least one qualified person
within the meaning of Article 48.
The applicant shall provide particulars in support of the above in his
application.
Article 42
1. The competent authority of the Member State shall issue the

manufacturing authorization only after having made sure of the
accuracy of the particulars supplied pursuant to Article 41, by means
of an inquiry carried out by its agents.
2. In order to ensure that the requirements referred to in Article 41
are complied with, authorization may be made conditional on the
carrying out of certain obligations imposed either when authorization
is granted or at a later date.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 37
▼B
3. The authorization shall apply only to the premises specified in the
application and to the medicinal products and pharmaceutical forms
specified in that same application.
Article 43
The Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the
time taken for the procedure for granting the manufacturing authori
zation does not exceed 90 days from the day on which the competent
authority receives the application.
Article 44
If the holder of the manufacturing authorization requests a change in

any of the particulars referred to in points (a) and (b) of the first
paragraph of Article 41, the time taken for the procedure relating to
this request shall not exceed 30 days. In exceptional cases this period of
time may be extended to 90 days.
Article 45
The competent authority of the Member State may require from the
applicant further information concerning the particulars supplied
pursuant to Article 41 and concerning the qualified person referred to
in Article 48; where the competent authority concerned exercises this
right, application of the time-limits referred to in Article 43 and 44 shall
be suspended until the additional data required have been supplied.
Article 46
The holder of a manufacturing authorization shall at least be obliged:

(a) to have at his disposal the services of staff who comply with the
legal requirements existing in the Member State concerned both as
regards manufacture and controls;
(b) to dispose of the authorized medicinal products only in accordance
with the legislation of the Member States concerned;
(c) to give prior notice to the competent authority of any changes he
may wish to make to any of the particulars supplied pursuant to
Article 41; the competent authority shall, in any event, be imme
diately informed if the qualified person referred to in Article 48 is
replaced unexpectedly;
(d) to allow the agents of the competent authority of the Member State
concerned access to his premises at any time;
(e) to enable the qualified person referred to in Article 48 to carry out
his duties, for example by placing at his disposal all the necessary
facilities;
▼M4
(f) to comply with the principles and guidelines of good manufacturing
practice for medicinal products and to use as starting materials only
active substances, which have been manufactured in accordance
with the detailed guidelines on good manufacturing practice for
starting materials.
▼M7
This point shall also be applicable to certain excipients, the list of
which as well as the specific conditions of application of which
shall be established by a Directive adopted by the Commission.
That measure, designed to amend non-essential elements of this
Directive by supplementing it, shall be adopted in accordance
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 38
▼M7
Article 121(2a).
▼M4
Article 46a
1. For the purposes of this Directive, manufacture of active

substances used as starting materials shall include both total and
partial manufacture or import of an active substance used as a starting
material as defined in Part I, point 3.2.1.1 (b) Annex I, and the various
processes of dividing up, packaging or presentation prior to its incor
poration into a medicinal product, including repackaging or re-labelling,
such as are carried out by a distributor of starting materials.
▼M7
2. The Commission shall be empowered to adapt paragraph 1 to take
account of scientific and technical progress. That measure, designed to
amend non-essential elements of this Directive, shall be adopted in
accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in
Article 121(2a).
▼B
Article 47
▼M7
The principles and guidelines of good manufacturing practices for
medicinal products referred to in Article 46(f) shall be adopted in the
form of a directive. That measure, designed to amend non-essential
elements of this Directive by supplementing it, shall be adopted in
accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in
Article 121(2a).
▼B
Detailed guidelines in line with those principles will be published by the
Commission and revised necessary to take account of technical and
scientific progress.
▼M4
The principles of good manufacturing practice for active substances
used as starting materials referred to in point (f) of Article 46 shall
be adopted in the form of detailed guidelines.
The Commission shall also publish guidelines on the form and content
of the authorisation referred to in Article 40(1), on the reports referred
to in Article 111(3) and on the form and content of the certificate of
good manufacturing practice referred to in Article 111(5).
▼B
Article 48

the holder of the manufacturing authorization has permanently and
continuously at his disposal the services of at least one qualified
person, in accordance with the conditions laid down in Article 49,
responsible in particular for carrying out the duties specified in
Article 51.
2. If he personally fulfils the conditions laid down in Article 49, the

holder of the authorization may himself assume the responsibility
referred to in paragraph 1.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 39
▼B
Article 49
1. Member States shall ensure that the qualified person referred to in

Article 48 fulfils the ►M4 __________ ◄ conditions of qualification
set out in paragraphs 2 and 3.
2. A qualified person shall be in possession of a diploma, certificate
or other evidence of formal qualifications awarded on completion of a
university course of study, or a course recognized as equivalent by the
Member State concerned, extending over a period of at least four years
of theoretical and practical study in one of the following scientific
disciplines: pharmacy, medicine, veterinary medicine, chemistry, phar
maceutical chemistry and technology, biology.
However, the minimum duration of the university course may be three
and a half years where the course is followed by a period of theoretical
and practical training of a minimum duration of one year and including
a training period of at least six months in a pharmacy open to the
public, corroborated by an examination at university level.
Where two university courses or two courses recognized by the State as
equivalent co-exist in a Member State and where one of these extends
over four years and the other over three years, the three-year course
leading to a diploma, certificate or other evidence of formal qualifi
cations awarded on completion of a university course or its recognized
equivalent shall be considered to fulfil the condition of duration referred
to in the second subparagraph in so far as the diplomas, certificates or
other evidence of formal qualifications awarded on completion of both
courses are recognized as equivalent by the State in question.
The course shall include theoretical and practical study bearing upon at
least the following basic subjects:
— ►M4 Experimental physics ◄
— General and inorganic chemistry
— Organic chemistry
— Analytical chemistry
— Pharmaceutical chemistry, including analysis of medicinal products
— General and applied biochemistry (medical)
— Physiology
— Microbiology
— Pharmacology
— Pharmaceutical technology
— Toxicology
— Pharmacognosy (study of the composition and effects of the natural
active substances of plant and animal origin).
Studies in these subjects should be so balanced as to enable the person
concerned to fulfil the obligations specified in Article 51.
In so far as certain diplomas, certificates or other evidence of formal
qualifications mentioned in the first subparagraph do not fulfil the
criteria laid down in this paragraph, the competent authority of the
Member State shall ensure that the person concerned provides
evidence of adequate knowledge of the subjects involved.
3. The qualified person shall have acquired practical experience over
at least two years, in one or more undertakings which are authorized to
manufacture medicinal products, in the activities of qualitative analysis
of medicinal products, of quantitative analysis of active substances and
of the testing and checking necessary to ensure the quality of medicinal
products.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 40
▼B
The duration of practical experience may be reduced by one year where
a university course lasts for at least five years and by a year and a half
where the course lasts for at least six years.
Article 50
1. A person engaging in the activities of the person referred to in

Article 48 from the time of the application of Directive 75/319/EEC, in
a Member State without complying with the provisions of Article 49
shall be eligible to continue to engage in those activities ►M4 within
the Community ◄.
2. The holder of a diploma, certificate or other evidence of formal
qualifications awarded on completion of a university course — or a
course recognized as equivalent by the Member State concerned — in
a scientific discipline allowing him to engage in the activities of the
person referred to in Article 48 in accordance with the laws of that State
may — if he began his course prior to 21 May 1975 — be considered
as qualified to carry out in that State the duties of the person referred to
in Article 48 provided that he has previously engaged in the following
activities for at least two years before 21 May 1985 following notifi
cation of this directive in one or more undertakings authorized to manu
facture: production supervision and/or qualitative and quantitative
analysis of active substances, and the necessary testing and checking
under the direct authority of the person referred to in Article 48 to
ensure the quality of the medicinal products.
If the person concerned has acquired the practical experience referred to
in the first subparagraph before 21 May 1965, a further one year's
practical experience in accordance with the conditions referred to in
the first subparagraph will be required to be completed immediately
before he engages in such activities.
Article 51

the qualified person referred to in Article 48, without prejudice to his
relationship with the holder of the manufacturing authorization, is
responsible, in the context of the procedures referred to in Article 52,
for securing:
(a) in the case of medicinal products manufactured within the Member
States concerned, that each batch of medicinal products has been
manufactured and checked in compliance with the laws in force in
that Member State and in accordance with the requirements of the
marketing authorization;
▼M4
(b) in the case of medicinal products coming from third countries,
irrespective of whether the product has been manufactured in the
Community, that each production batch has undergone in a Member
State a full qualitative analysis, a quantitative analysis of at least all
the active substances and all the other tests or checks necessary to
ensure the quality of medicinal products in accordance with the
requirements of the marketing authorisation.
▼B
The batches of medicinal products which have undergone such controls
in a Member State shall be exempt from the controls if they are
marketed in another Member State, accompanied by the control
reports signed by the qualified person.
2. In the case of medicinal products imported from a third country,
where appropriate arrangements have been made by the Community
with the exporting country to ensure that the manufacturer of the
medicinal product applies standards of good manufacturing practice at
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 41
▼B
least equivalent to those laid down by the Community, and to ensure
that the controls referred to under point (b) of the first subparagraph of
paragraph 1 have been carried out in the exporting country, the qualified
person may be relieved of responsibility for carrying out those controls.
3. In all cases and particularly where the medicinal products are
released for sale, the qualified person must certify in a register or
equivalent document provided for that purpose, that each production
batch satisfies the provisions of this Article; the said register or
equivalent document must be kept up to date as operations are carried
out and must remain at the disposal of the agents of the competent
authority for the period specified in the provisions of the Member
State concerned and in any event for at least five years.
Article 52
Member States shall ensure that the duties of qualified persons referred
to in Article 48 are fulfilled, either by means of appropriate adminis
trative measures or by making such persons subject to a professional
code of conduct.
Member States may provide for the temporary suspension of such a
person upon the commencement of administrative or disciplinary
procedures against him for failure to fulfil his obligations.
Article 53
The provisions of this Title shall also apply to homeopathic medicinal

products.
TITLE V
LABELLING AND PACKAGE LEAFLET
Article 54
The following particulars shall appear on the outer packaging of

medicinal products or, where there is no outer packaging, on the
immediate packaging:
▼M4
(a) the name of the medicinal product followed by its strength and
pharmaceutical form, and, if appropriate, whether it is intended for
babies, children or adults; where the product contains up to three
active substances, the international non-proprietary name (INN)
shall be included, or, if one does not exist, the common name;
▼B
(b) a statement of the active substances expressed qualitatively and
quantitatively per dosage unit or according to the form of admi
nistration for a given volume or weight, using their common
names;
(c) the pharmaceutical form and the contents by weight, by volume or
by number of doses of the product;
(d) a list of those excipients known to have a recognized action or
effect and included in the ►M4 detailed guidance ◄ published
pursuant to Article 65. However, if the product is injectable, or a
topical or eye preparation, all excipients must be stated;
▼M4
(e) the method of administration and, if necessary, the route of admi
nistration. Space shall be provided for the prescribed dose to be
indicated;
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 42
▼M4
(f) a special warning that the medicinal product must be stored out of
the reach and sight of children;
▼B
(g) a special warning, if this is necessary for the medicinal product;
(h) the expiry date in clear terms (month/year);
(i) special storage precautions, if any;
▼M4
(j) specific precautions relating to the disposal of unused medicinal
products or waste derived from medicinal products, where appro
priate, as well as reference to any appropriate collection system in
place;
(k) the name and address of the marketing authorisation holder and,
where applicable, the name of the representative appointed by the
holder to represent him;
▼B
(l) the number of the authorization for placing the medicinal product
on the market;
(m) the manufacturer's batch number;
▼M4
(n) in the case of non-prescription medicinal products, instructions for
use.
▼B
Article 55
1. The particulars laid down ►M4 in Article 54 ◄ shall appear on

immediate packagings other than those referred to in paragraphs 2 and
3.
2. The following particulars at least shall appear on immediate
packagings which take the form of blister packs and are placed in an
outer packaging that complies with the requirements laid down in
Articles 54 and 62.
▼M4
— the name of the medicinal product as laid down in point (a) of
Article 54,
▼B
— the name of the holder of the authorization for placing the product
on the market,
— the expiry date,
— the batch number.
3. The following particulars at least shall appear on small immediate
packaging units on which the particulars laid down in Articles 54 and
62 cannot be displayed:
▼M4
— the name of the medicinal product as laid down in point (a) of
Article 54 and, if necessary, the route of administration,
▼B
— the method of administration,
— the expiry date,
— the batch number,
— the contents by weight, by volume or by unit.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 43
▼B
Article 56
The particulars referred to in Articles 54, 55 and 62 shall be easily

legible, clearly comprehensible and indelible.
▼M4
Article 56a
The name of the medicinal product, as referred to in Article 54, point

(a) must also be expressed in Braille format on the packaging. The
marketing authorisation holder shall ensure that the package information
leaflet is made available on request from patients' organisations in
formats appropriate for the blind and partially-sighted.
▼B
Article 57
Notwithstanding Article 60, Member States may require the use of

certain forms of labelling of the medicinal product making it possible
to ascertain:
— the price of the medicinal product,
— the reimbursement conditions of social security organizations,
— the legal status for supply to the patient, in accordance with Title VI,
— identification and authenticity.
▼M4
For medicinal products authorised under Regulation (EC) No 726/2004,
Member States shall, when applying this Article, observe the detailed
guidance referred to in Article 65 of this Directive.
▼B
Article 58
The inclusion in the packaging of all medicinal products of a package

leaflet shall be obligatory unless all the information required by Articles
59 and 62 is directly conveyed on the outer packaging or on the
immediate packaging.
▼M4
Article 59
1. The package leaflet shall be drawn up in accordance with the

summary of the product characteristics; it shall include, in the
following order:
(a) for the identification of the medicinal product:
(i) the name of the medicinal product followed by its strength and
pharmaceutical form, and, if appropriate, whether it is intended
for babies, children or adults. The common name shall be
included where the product contains only one active substance
and if its name is an invented name;
(ii) the pharmaco-therapeutic group or type of activity in terms
easily comprehensible for the patient;
(b) the therapeutic indications;
(c) a list of information which is necessary before the medicinal
product is taken:
(i) contra-indications;
(ii) appropriate precautions for use;
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 44
▼M4
(iii) forms of interaction with other medicinal products and other
forms of interaction (e.g. alcohol, tobacco, foodstuffs) which
may affect the action of the medicinal product;
(iv) special warnings;
(d) the necessary and usual instructions for proper use, and in
particular:
(i) the dosage,
(ii) the method and, if necessary, route of administration;
(iii) the frequency of administration, specifying if necessary the
appropriate time at which the medicinal product may or must
be administered;
and, as appropriate, depending on the nature of the product:
(iv) the duration of treatment, where it should be limited;
(v) the action to be taken in case of an overdose (such as
symptoms, emergency procedures);
(vi) what to do when one or more doses have not been taken;
(vii) indication, if necessary, of the risk of withdrawal effects;
(viii) a specific recommendation to consult the doctor or the phar
macist, as appropriate, for any clarification on the use of the
product;
(e) a description of the adverse reactions which may occur under
normal use of the medicinal product and, if necessary, the action
to be taken in such a case; the patient should be expressly asked to
communicate any adverse reaction which is not mentioned in the
package leaflet to his doctor or pharmacist;
(f) a reference to the expiry date indicated on the label, with:
(i) a warning against using the product after that date;
(ii) where appropriate, special storage precautions;
(iii) if necessary, a warning concerning certain visible signs of
deterioration;
(iv) the full qualitative composition (in active substances and exci
pients) and the quantitative composition in active substances,
using common names, for each presentation of the medicinal
product;
(v) for each presentation of the product, the pharmaceutical form
and content in weight, volume or units of dosage;
(vi) the name and address of the marketing authorisation holder
and, where applicable, the name of his appointed represen
tatives in the Member States;
(vii) the name and address of the manufacturer;
(g) where the medicinal product is authorised in accordance with
Articles 28 to 39 under different names in the Member States
concerned, a list of the names authorised in each Member State;
(h) the date on which the package leaflet was last revised.
2. The list set out in point (c) of paragraph 1 shall:
(a) take into account the particular condition of certain categories of
users (children, pregnant or breastfeeding women, the elderly,
persons with specific pathological conditions);
(b) mention, if appropriate, possible effects on the ability to drive
vehicles or to operate machinery;
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 45
▼M4
(c) list those excipients knowledge of which is important for the safe
and effective use of the medicinal product and which are included
in the detailed guidance published pursuant to Article 65.
3. The package leaflet shall reflect the results of consultations with

target patient groups to ensure that it is legible, clear and easy to use.
▼B
Article 60
Member States may not prohibit or impede the placing on the market of
medicinal products within their territory on grounds connected with
labelling or the package leaflet where these comply with the
requirements of this Title.
Article 61
▼M4
1. One or more mock-ups of the outer packaging and the immediate
packaging of a medicinal product, together with the draft package
leaflet, shall be submitted to the authorities competent for authorising
marketing when the marketing authorisation is requested. The results of
assessments carried out in cooperation with target patient groups shall
also be provided to the competent authority.
▼B
2. The competent authority shall refuse the marketing authorization if
the labelling or the package leaflet do not comply with the provisions of
this Title or if they are not in accordance with the particulars listed in
the summary of product characteristics.
3. All proposed changes to an aspect of the labelling or the package

leaflet covered by this Title and not connected with the summary of
product characteristics shall be submitted to the authorities competent
for authorizing marketing. If the competent authorities have not opposed
a proposed change within 90 days following the introduction of the
request, the applicant may put the change into effect.
4. The fact that the competent authority do not refuse a marketing

authorization pursuant to paragraph 2 or a change to the labelling or the
package leaflet pursuant to paragraph 3 does not alter the general legal
liability of the manufacturer ►M4 and ◄ the marketing authorization
holder.
Article 62
The outer packaging and the package leaflet may include symbols or
pictograms designed to clarify certain information mentioned in Articles
54 and 59(1) and other information compatible with the summary of the
product characteristics which is useful ►M4 to the patient ◄, to the
exclusion of any element of a promotional nature.
Article 63
1. The particulars for labelling listed in Articles 54, 59 and 62 shall

appear in the official language or languages of the Member State where
the product is placed on the market.
The first subparagraph shall not prevent these particulars from being
indicated in several languages, provided that the same particulars appear
in all the languages used.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 46
▼M4
In the case of certain orphan medicinal products, the particulars listed in
Article 54 may, on reasoned request, appear in only one of the official
languages of the Community.
2. The package leaflet must be written and designed to be clear and
understandable, enabling the users to act appropriately, when necessary
with the help of health professionals. The package leaflet must be
clearly legible in the official language or languages of the Member
State in which the medicinal product is placed on the market.
The first subparagraph shall not prevent the package leaflet from being
printed in several languages, provided that the same information is
given in all the languages used.
3. When the product is not intended to be delivered directly to the
patient, the competent authorities may grant an exemption to the obli
gation that certain particulars should appear on the labelling and in the
package leaflet and that the leaflet must be in the official language or
languages of the Member State in which the product is placed on the
market.
▼B
Article 64
Where the provisions of this Title are not complied with, and a notice
served on the person concerned has remained without effect, the
competent authorities of the Member States may suspend the
marketing authorization, until the labelling and the package leaflet of
the medicinal product in question have been made to comply with the
requirements of this Title.
▼M4
Article 65
In consultation with the Member States and the parties concerned, the
Commission shall draw up and publish detailed guidance concerning in
particular:
(a) the wording of certain special warnings for certain categories of
medicinal products;
(b) the particular information needs relating to non-prescription
medicinal products;
(c) the legibility of particulars on the labelling and package leaflet;
(d) the methods for the identification and authentication of medicinal
products;
(e) the list of excipients which must feature on the labelling of
medicinal products and the way in which these excipients must
be indicated;
(f) harmonised provisions for the implementation of Article 57.
▼B
Article 66
1. The outer carton and the container of medicinal products

containing radionuclides shall be labelled in accordance with the regu
lations for the safe transport of radioactive materials laid down by the
International Atomic Energy Agency. Moreover, the labelling shall
comply with the provisions set out in paragraphs 2 and 3.
2. The label on the shielding shall include the particulars mentioned
in Article 54. In addition, the labelling on the shielding shall explain in
full, the codings used on the vial and shall indicate, where necessary,
for a given time and date, the amount of radioactivity per dose or per
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 47
▼B
vial and the number of capsules, or, for liquids, the number of millilitres
in the container.
3. The vial shall be labelled with the following information:
— the name or code of the medicinal product, including the name or
chemical symbol of the radionuclide,
— the batch identification and expiry date,
— the international symbol for radioactivity,
▼M4
— the name and address of the manufacturer,
▼B
— the amount of radioactivity as specified in paragraph 2.
Article 67
The competent authority shall ensure that a detailed instruction leaflet is

enclosed with the packaging of radiopharmaceuticals, radionuclide
generators, radionuclide kits or radionuclide precursors. The text of
this leaflet shall be established in accordance with the provisions of
Article 59. In addition, the leaflet shall include any precautions to be
taken by the user and the patient during the preparation and adminis
tration of the medicinal product and special precautions for the disposal
of the packaging and its unused contents.
Article 68
Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 69, homeopathic

medicinal products shall be labelled in accordance with the provisions
of this title and shall be identified by a reference on their labels, in clear
and legible form, to their homeopathic nature.
Article 69
1. In addition to the clear mention of the words ‘homeopathic

medicinal product’, the labelling and, where appropriate, the package
insert for the medicinal products referred to in Article 14(1) shall bear
the following, and no other, information:
▼M4
— the scientific name of the stock or stocks followed by the degree of
dilution, making use of the symbols of the pharmacopoeia used in
accordance with Article 1(5); if the homeopathic medicinal product
is composed of two or more stocks, the scientific names of the
stocks on the labelling may be supplemented by an invented name,
▼B
— name and address of the registration holder and, where appropriate,
of the manufacturer,
— method of administration and, if necessary, route,
— expiry date, in clear terms (month, year),
— pharmaceutical form,
— contents of the sales presentation,
— special storage precautions, if any,
— a special warning if necessary for the medicinal product,
— manufacturer's batch number,
— registration number,
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 48
▼B
— ‘homeopathic medicinal product without approved therapeutic indi
cations’,
▼M4
— a warning advising the user to consult a doctor if the symptoms
persist.
▼B
2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, Member States may require the use
of certain types of labelling in order to show:
— the price of the medicinal product,
— the conditions for refunds by social security bodies.
TITLE VI
CLASSIFICATION OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
Article 70
1. When a marketing authorization is granted, the competent auth

orities shall specify the classification of the medicinal product into:
— a medicinal product subject to medical prescription,
— a medicinal product not subject to medical prescription.
To this end, the criteria laid down in Article 71(1) shall apply.
2. The competent authorities may fix sub-categories for medicinal
products which are available on medical prescription only. In that
case, they shall refer to the following classification:
▼M4
(a) medicinal products on medical prescription for renewable or non-
renewable delivery;
▼B
(b) medicinal products subject to special medical prescription;
▼M4
(c) medicinal products on ‘restricted’ medical prescription, reserved
for use in certain specialised areas.
▼B
Article 71
1. Medicinal products shall be subject to medical prescription where

they:
— are likely to present a danger either directly or indirectly, even when
used correctly, if utilized without medical supervision, or
— are frequently and to a very wide extent used incorrectly, and as a
result are likely to present a direct or indirect danger to human
health, or
— contain substances or preparations thereof, the activity and/or
adverse reactions of which require further investigation, or
— are normally prescribed by a doctor to be administered parenterally.
2. Where Member States provide for the sub-category of medicinal
products subject to special medical prescription, they shall take account
of the following factors:
— the medicinal product contains, in a non-exempt quantity, a
substance classified as a narcotic or a psychotropic substance
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 49
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within the meaning of the international conventions in force, such as
the United Nations Conventions of 1961 and 1971, or
— the medicinal product is likely, if incorrectly used, to present a
substantial risk of medicinal abuse, to lead to addiction or be
misused for illegal purposes, or
— the medicinal product contains a substance which, by reason of its
novelty or properties, could be considered as belonging to the group
envisaged in the second indent as a precautionary measure.
3. Where Member States provide for the sub-category of medicinal
products subject to restricted prescription, they shall take account of the
following factors:
— the medicinal product, because of its pharmaceutical characteristics
or novelty or in the interests of public health, is reserved for
treatments which can only be followed in a hospital environment,
— the medicinal product is used in the treatment of conditions which
must be diagnosed in a hospital environment or in institutions with
adequate diagnostic facilities, although administration and follow-up
may be carried out elsewhere, or
— the medicinal product is intended for outpatients but its use may
produce very serious adverse reactions requiring a prescription
drawn up as required by a specialist and special supervision
throughout the treatment.
4. A competent authority may waive application of paragraphs 1, 2
and 3 having regard to:
(a) the maximum single dose, the maximum daily dose, the strength,
the pharmaceutical form, certain types of packaging; and/or
(b) other circumstances of use which it has specified.
5. If a competent authority does not designate medicinal products
into sub-categories referred to in Article 70(2), it shall nevertheless
take into account the criteria referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this
Article in determining whether any medicinal product shall be classified
as a prescription-only medicine.
Article 72
Medicinal products not subject to prescription shall be those which do

not meet the criteria listed in Article 71.
Article 73
The competent authorities shall draw up a list of the medicinal products

subject, on their territory, to medical prescription, specifying, if
necessary, the category of classification. They shall update this list
annually.
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Article 74
When new facts are brought to their attention, the competent authorities
shall examine and, as appropriate, amend the classification of a
medicinal product by applying the criteria listed in Article 71.
Article 74a
Where a change of classification of a medicinal product has been

authorised on the basis of significant pre-clinical tests or clinical
trials, the competent authority shall not refer to the results of those
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 50
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tests or trials when examining an application by another applicant for or
holder of marketing authorisation for a change of classification of the
same substance for one year after the initial change was authorised.
▼B
Article 75
Each year, Member States shall communicate to the Commission and to

the other Member States, the changes that have been made to the list
referred to in Article 73.
TITLE VII
WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTION OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
Article 76
►M4 1. ◄ Without prejudice to Article 6, Member States shall

take all appropriate action to ensure that only medicinal products in
respect of which a marketing authorization has been granted in
accordance with Community law are distributed on their territory.
▼M4
2. In the case of wholesale distribution and storage, medicinal
products shall be covered by a marketing authorisation granted
pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 or by the competent auth
orities of a Member State in accordance with this Directive.
3. Any distributor, not being the marketing authorisation holder, who
imports a product from another Member State shall notify the marketing
authorisation holder and the competent authority in the Member State to
which the product will be imported of his intention to import it. In the
case of products which have not been granted an authorisation pursuant
to Regulation (EC) No 726/2004, the notification to the competent
authority shall be without prejudice to additional procedures provided
for in the legislation of that Member State.
▼B
Article 77

the wholesale distribution of medicinal products is subject to the
possession of an authorization to engage in activity as a wholesaler in
medicinal products, stating the place for which it is valid.
2. Where persons authorized or entitled to supply medicinal products
to the public may also, under national law, engage in wholesale
business, such persons shall be subject to the authorization provided
for in paragraph 1.
3. Possession of a manufacturing authorization shall include author
ization to distribute by wholesale the medicinal products covered by that
authorization. Possession of an authorization to engage in activity as a
wholesaler in medicinal products shall not give dispensation from the
obligation to possess a manufacturing authorization and to comply with
the conditions set out in that respect, even where the manufacturing or
import business is secondary.
4. At the request of the Commission or any Member State, Member
States shall supply all appropriate information concerning the individual
authorizations which they have granted under paragraph 1.
5. Checks on the persons authorized to engage in the activity of
wholesaler in medicinal products and the inspection of their premises,
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 51
▼B
shall be carried out under the responsibility of the Member State which
granted the authorization.
6. The Member State which granted the authorization referred to in
paragraph 1 shall suspend or revoke that authorization if the conditions
of authorization cease to be met. It shall forthwith inform the other
Member States and the Commission thereof.
7. Should a Member State consider that, in respect of a person
holding an authorization granted by another Member State under the
terms of paragraph 1, the conditions of authorization are not, or are no
longer met, it shall forthwith inform the Commission and the other
Member State involved. The latter shall take the measures necessary
and shall inform the Commission and the first Member State of the
decisions taken and the reasons for those decisions.
Article 78
Member States shall ensure that the time taken for the procedure for
examining the application for the distribution authorization does not
exceed 90 days from the day on which the competent authority of the
Member State concerned receives the application.
The competent authority may, if need be, require the applicant to supply
all necessary information concerning the conditions of authorization.
Where the authority exercises this option, the period laid down in the
first paragraph shall be suspended until the requisite additional data
have been supplied.
Article 79
In order to obtain the distribution authorization, applicants must fulfil

the following minimum requirements:
(a) they must have suitable and adequate premises, installations and
equipment, so as to ensure proper conservation and distribution of
the medicinal products;
(b) they must have staff, and in particular, a qualified person designated
as responsible, meeting the conditions provided for by the legis
lation of the Member State concerned;
(c) they must undertake to fulfil the obligations incumbent on them
under the terms of Article 80.
Article 80
Holders of the distribution authorization must fulfil the following

minimum requirements:
(a) they must make the premises, installations and equipment referred
to in Article 79(a) accessible at all times to the persons responsible
for inspecting them;
(b) they must obtain their supplies of medicinal products only from
persons who are themselves in possession of the distribution author
ization or who are exempt from obtaining such authorization under
the terms of Article 77(3);
(c) they must supply medicinal products only to persons who are them
selves in possession of the distribution authorization or who are
authorized or entitled to supply medicinal products to the public
in the Member State concerned;
(d) they must have an emergency plan which ensures effective imple
mentation of any recall from the market ordered by the competent
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 52
▼B
authorities or carried out in cooperation with the manufacturer or
marketing authorization holder for the medicinal product concerned;
(e) they must keep records either in the form of purchase/sales invoices,
or on computer, or in any other form, giving for any transaction in
medicinal products received or dispatched at least the following
information:
— date,
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— name of the medicinal product,
▼B
— quantity received or supplied,
— name and address of the supplier or consignee, as appropriate;
(f) they must keep the records referred to under (e) available to the
competent authorities, for inspection purposes, for a period of five
years;
(g) they must comply with the principles and guidelines of good distri
bution practice for medicinal products as laid down in Article 84.
▼M4
Article 81
With regard to the supply of medicinal products to pharmacists and

persons authorised or entitled to supply medicinal products to the
public, Member States shall not impose upon the holder of a distribution
authorisation which has been granted by another Member State any
obligation, in particular public service obligations, more stringent than
those they impose on persons whom they have themselves authorised to
engage in equivalent activities.
The holder of a marketing authorisation for a medicinal product and the
distributors of the said medicinal product actually placed on the market
in a Member State shall, within the limits of their responsibilities,
ensure appropriate and continued supplies of that medicinal product to
pharmacies and persons authorised to supply medicinal products so that
the needs of patients in the Member State in question are covered.
The arrangements for implementing this Article should, moreover, be
justified on grounds of public health protection and be proportionate in
relation to the objective of such protection, in compliance with the
Treaty rules, particularly those concerning the free movement of
goods and competition.
▼B
Article 82
For all supplies of medicinal products to a person authorized or entitled

to supply medicinal products to the public in the Member State
concerned, the authorized wholesaler must enclose a document that
makes it possible to ascertain:
— the date,
▼M4
— the name and pharmaceutical form of the medicinal product,
▼B
— the quantity supplied,
— the name and address of the supplier and consignor.
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that persons
authorized or entitled to supply medicinal products to the public are able
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 53
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to provide information that makes it possible to trace the distribution
path of every medicinal product.
Article 83
The provisions of this Title shall not prevent the application of more
stringent requirements laid down by Member States in respect of the
wholesale distribution of:
— narcotic or psychotropic substances within their territory,
— medicinal products derived from blood,
— immunological medicinal products,
— radiopharmaceuticals.
▼M4
Article 84
The Commission shall publish guidelines on good distribution practice.

To this end, it shall consult the Committee for Medicinal Products for
Human Use and the Pharmaceutical Committee established by Council
Decision 75/320/EEC (1).
Article 85
This Title shall apply to homeopathic medicinal products.

▼B
TITLE VIII
ADVERTISING
Article 86
1. For the purposes of this Title, ‘advertising of medicinal products’

shall include any form of door-to-door information, canvassing activity
or inducement designed to promote the prescription, supply, sale or
consumption of medicinal products; it shall include in particular:
— the advertising of medicinal products to the general public,
— advertising of medicinal products to persons qualified to prescribe or
supply them,
— visits by medical sales representatives to persons qualified to
prescribe medicinal products,
— the supply of samples,
— the provision of inducements to prescribe or supply medicinal
products by the gift, offer or promise of any benefit or bonus,
whether in money or in kind, except when their intrinsic value is
minimal,
— sponsorship of promotional meetings attended by persons qualified
to prescribe or supply medicinal products,
— sponsorship of scientific congresses attended by persons qualified to
prescribe or supply medicinal products and in particular payment of
their travelling and accommodation expenses in connection
therewith.
2. The following are not covered by this Title:
(1) OJ L 147, 9.6.1975, p. 23.

2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 54
▼B
— the labelling and the accompanying package leaflets, which are
subject to the provisions of Title V,
— correspondence, possibly accompanied by material of a non-promo

tional nature, needed to answer a specific question about a particular
medicinal product,
— factual, informative announcements and reference material relating,

for example, to pack changes, adverse-reaction warnings as part of
general drug precautions, trade catalogues and price lists, provided
they include no product claims,
▼M4
— information relating to human health or diseases, provided that there
is no reference, even indirect, to medicinal products.
▼B
Article 87
1. Member States shall prohibit any advertising of a medicinal

product in respect of which a marketing authorization has not been
granted in accordance with Community law.
2. All parts of the advertising of a medicinal product must comply

with the particulars listed in the summary of product characteristics.
3. The advertising of a medicinal product:
— shall encourage the rational use of the medicinal product, by

presenting it objectively and without exaggerating its properties,
— shall not be misleading.
▼M4
Article 88
1. Member States shall prohibit the advertising to the general public

of medicinal products which:
(a) are available on medical prescription only, in accordance with Title

VI;
(b) contain substances defined as psychotropic or narcotic by interna

tional convention, such as the United Nations Conventions of 1961
and 1971.
2. Medicinal products may be advertised to the general public which,

by virtue of their composition and purpose, are intended and designed
for use without the intervention of a medical practitioner for diagnostic
purposes or for the prescription or monitoring of treatment, with the
advice of the pharmacist, if necessary.
3. Member States shall be entitled to ban, on their territory, adver

tising to the general public of medicinal products the cost of which may
be reimbursed.
4. The prohibition contained in paragraph 1 shall not apply to vacci

nation campaigns carried out by the industry and approved by the
competent authorities of the Member States.
5. The prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 shall apply without

prejudice to Article 14 of Directive 89/552/EEC.
6. Member States shall prohibit the direct distribution of medicinal

products to the public by the industry for promotional purposes.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 55
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TITLE VIIIa
INFORMATION AND ADVERTISING
Article 88a
Within three years of the entry into force of Directive 2004/726/EC, the
Commission shall, following consultations with patients' and consumers'
organisations, doctors' and pharmacists' organisations, Member States
and other interested parties, present to the European Parliament and
the Council a report on current practice with regard to information
provision — particularly on the Internet — and its risks and benefits
for patients.
Following analysis of the above data, the Commission shall, if appro

priate, put forward proposals setting out an information strategy to
ensure good-quality, objective, reliable and non-promotional information
on medicinal products and other treatments and shall address the
question of the information source's liability.
▼B
Article 89
1. Without prejudice to Article 88, all advertising to the general

public of a medicinal product shall:
(a) be set out in such a way that it is clear that the message is an
advertisement and that the product is clearly identified as a
medicinal product;
(b) include the following minimum information:
— the name of the medicinal product, as well as the common name

if the medicinal product contains only one active substance,
— the information necessary for correct use of the medicinal

product,
— an express, legible invitation to read carefully the instructions on

the package leaflet or on the outer packaging, as the case may
be.
▼M4
2. Member States may decide that the advertising of a medicinal
product to the general public may, notwithstanding paragraph 1,
include only the name of the medicinal product or its international
non-proprietary name, where this exists, or the trademark if it is
intended solely as a reminder.
▼B
Article 90
The advertising of a medicinal product to the general public shall not

contain any material which:
(a) gives the impression that a medical consultation or surgical

operation is unnecessary, in particular by offering a diagnosis or
by suggesting treatment by mail;
(b) suggests that the effects of taking the medicine are guaranteed, are
unaccompanied by adverse reactions or are better than, or equivalent
to, those of another treatment or medicinal product;
(c) suggests that the health of the subject can be enhanced by taking the
medicine;
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 56
▼B
(d) suggests that the health of the subject could be affected by not
taking the medicine; this prohibition shall not apply to the vacci
nation campaigns referred to in Article 88(4);
(e) is directed exclusively or principally at children;
(f) refers to a recommendation by scientists, health professionals or
persons who are neither of the foregoing but who, because of
their celebrity, could encourage the consumption of medicinal
products;
(g) suggests that the medicinal product is a foodstuff, cosmetic or other
consumer product;
(h) suggests that the safety or efficacy of the medicinal product is due
to the fact that it is natural;
(i) could, by a description or detailed representation of a case history,
lead to erroneous self-diagnosis;
(j) refers, in improper, alarming or misleading terms, to claims of
recovery;
(k) uses, in improper, alarming or misleading terms, pictorial represen
tations of changes in the human body caused by disease or injury,
or of the action of a medicinal product on the human body or parts
thereof.
▼M4
__________
▼B
Article 91
1. Any advertising of a medicinal product to persons qualified to

prescribe or supply such products shall include:
— essential information compatible with the summary of product
characteristics;
— the supply classification of the medicinal product.
Member States may also require such advertising to include the selling
price or indicative price of the various presentations and the conditions
for reimbursement by social security bodies.
▼M4
2. Member States may decide that the advertising of a medicinal
product to persons qualified to prescribe or supply such products
may, notwithstanding paragraph 1, include only the name of the
medicinal product, or its international non-proprietary name, where
this exists, or the trademark, if it is intended solely as a reminder.
▼B
Article 92
1. Any documentation relating to a medicinal product which is trans

mitted as part of the promotion of that product to persons qualified to
prescribe or supply it shall include, as a minimum, the particulars listed
in Article 91(1) and shall state the date on which it was drawn up or last
revised.
2. All the information contained in the documentation referred to in
paragraph 1 shall be accurate, up-to-date, verifiable and sufficiently
complete to enable the recipient to form his or her own opinion of
the therapeutic value of the medicinal product concerned.
3. Quotations as well as tables and other illustrative matter taken
from medical journals or other scientific works for use in the documen
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 57
▼B
tation referred to in paragraph 1 shall be faithfully reproduced and the
precise sources indicated.
Article 93
1. Medical sales representatives shall be given adequate training by

the firm which employs them and shall have sufficient scientific
knowledge to be able to provide information which is precise and as
complete as possible about the medicinal products which they promote.
2. During each visit, medical sales representatives shall give the
persons visited, or have available for them, summaries of the product
characteristics of each medicinal product they present together, if the
legislation of the Member State so permits, with details of the price and
conditions for reimbursement referred to in Article 91(1).
3. Medical sales representatives shall transmit to the scientific service
referred to in Article 98(1) any information about the use of the
medicinal products they advertise, with particular reference to any
adverse reactions reported to them by the persons they visit.
Article 94
1. Where medicinal products are being promoted to persons qualified

to prescribe or supply them, no gifts, pecuniary advantages or benefits
in kind may be supplied, offered or promised to such persons unless
they are inexpensive and relevant to the practice of medicine or
pharmacy.
▼M4
2. Hospitality at sales promotion events shall always be strictly
limited to their main purpose and must not be extended to persons
other than health-care professionals.
▼B
3. Persons qualified to prescribe or supply medicinal products shall
not solicit or accept any inducement prohibited under paragraph 1 or
contrary to paragraph 2.
4. Existing measures or trade practices in Member States relating to
prices, margins and discounts shall not be affected by paragraphs 1, 2
and 3.
▼M4
Article 95
The provisions of Article 94(1) shall not prevent hospitality being

offered, directly or indirectly, at events for purely professional and
scientific purposes; such hospitality shall always be strictly limited to
the main scientific objective of the event; it must not be extended to
persons other than health-care professionals.
▼B
Article 96
1. Free samples shall be provided on an exceptional basis only to

persons qualified to prescribe them and on the following conditions:
(a) the number of samples for each medicinal product each year on
prescription shall be limited;
(b) any supply of samples shall be in response to a written request,
signed and dated, from the prescribing agent;
(c) those supplying samples shall maintain an adequate system of
control and accountability;
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 58
▼M4
(d) each sample shall be no larger than the smallest presentation on the
market;
▼B
(e) each sample shall be marked ‘free medical sample — not for sale’
or shall show some other wording having the same meaning;
(f) each sample shall be accompanied by a copy of the summary of

product characteristics;
(g) no samples of medicinal products containing psychotropic or

narcotic substances within the meaning of international conventions,
such as the United Nations Conventions of 1961 and 1971, may be
supplied.
2. Member States may also place further restrictions on the distri

bution of samples of certain medicinal products.
Article 97
1. Member States shall ensure that there are adequate and effective
methods to monitor the advertising of medicinal products. Such
methods, which may be based on a system of prior vetting, shall in
any event include legal provisions under which persons or organizations
regarded under national law as having a legitimate interest in prohibiting
any advertisement inconsistent with this Title, may take legal action
against such advertisement, or bring such advertisement before an
administrative authority competent either to decide on complaints or
to initiate appropriate legal proceedings.
2. Under the legal provisions referred to in paragraph 1, Member

States shall confer upon the courts or administrative authorities
powers enabling them, in cases where they deem such measures to be
necessary, taking into account all the interests involved, and in
particular the public interest:
— to order the cessation of, or to institute appropriate legal proceedings

for an order for the cessation of, misleading advertising, or
— if misleading advertising has not yet been published but publication

is imminent, to order the prohibition of, or to institute appropriate
legal proceedings for an order for the prohibition of, such publi
cation,
even without proof of actual loss or damage or of intention or

negligence on the part of the advertiser.
3. Member States shall make provision for the measures referred to

in the second subparagraph to be taken under an accelerated procedure,
either with interim effect or with definitive effect.
It shall be for each Member State to decide which of the two options set
out in the first subparagraph to select.
4. Member States may confer upon the courts or administrative auth

orities powers enabling them, with a view to eliminating the continuing
effects of misleading advertising the cessation of which has been
ordered by a final decision:
— to require publication of that decision in full or in part and in such

form as they deem adequate,
— to require in addition the publication of a corrective statement.
5. Paragraphs 1 to 4 shall not exclude the voluntary control of adver

tising of medicinal products by self-regulatory bodies and recourse to
such bodies, if proceedings before such bodies are possible in addition
to the judicial or administrative proceedings referred to in paragraph 1.
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Article 98
1. The marketing authorization holder shall establish, within his

undertaking, a scientific service in charge of information about the
medicinal products which he places on the market.
2. The marketing authorization holder shall:
— keep available for, or communicate to, the authorities or bodies

responsible for monitoring advertising of medicinal products, a
sample of all advertisements emanating from his undertaking
together with a statement indicating the persons to whom it is
addressed, the method of dissemination and the date of first disse
mination,
— ensure that advertising of medicinal products by his undertaking

conforms to the requirements of this Title,
— verify that medical sales representatives employed by his under

taking have been adequately trained and fulfill the obligations
imposed upon them by Article 93(2) and (3),
— supply the authorities or bodies responsible for monitoring adver

tising of medicinal products with the information and assistance they
require to carry out their responsibilities,
— ensure that the decisions taken by the authorities or bodies

responsible for monitoring advertising of medicinal products are
immediately and fully complied with.
▼M4
3. The Member States shall not prohibit the co-promotion of a
medicinal product by the holder of the marketing authorisation and
one or more companies nominated by him.
▼B
Article 99
Member States shall take the appropriate measures to ensure that the
provisions of this Title are applied and shall determine in particular
what penalties shall be imposed should the provisions adopted in the
execution of Title be infringed.
▼M4
Article 100
Advertising of the homeopathic medicinal products referred to in

Article 14(1) shall be subject to the provisions of this Title with the
exception of Article 87(1).
However, only the information specified in Article 69(1) may be used in

the advertising of such medicinal products.
▼B
TITLE IX
PHARMACOVIGILANCE
Article 101
The Member States shall take all appropriate measures to encourage

doctors and other health care professionals to report suspected adverse
reactions to the competent authorities.
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The Member States may impose specific requirements on doctors and
other health-care professionals in respect of the reporting of suspected
serious or unexpected adverse reactions.
Article 102
In order to ensure the adoption of appropriate and harmonised regu

latory decisions concerning the medicinal products authorised within the
Community, having regard to information obtained about adverse
reactions to medicinal products under normal conditions of use, the
Member States shall operate a pharmacovigilance system. This system
shall be used to collect information useful in the surveillance of
medicinal products, with particular reference to adverse reactions in
human beings, and to evaluate such information scientifically.
Member States shall ensure that suitable information collected within
this system is communicated to the other Member States and the
Agency. The information shall be recorded in the database referred to
in point (l) of the second subparagraph of Article 57(1) of Regulation
(EC) No 726/2004 and shall be permanently accessible to all Member
States and without delay to the public.
This system shall also take into account any available information on
misuse and abuse of medicinal products which may have an impact on
the evaluation of their benefits and risks.
Article 102a
The management of funds intended for activities connected with phar

macovigilance, the operation of communication networks and market
surveillance shall be under the permanent control of the competent
authorities in order to guarantee their independence.
▼B
Article 103
The marketing authorization holder shall have permanently and

continuously at his disposal an appropriately qualified person
responsible for pharmacovigilance.
▼M4
That qualified person shall reside in the Community and shall be
responsible for the following:
▼B
(a) the establishment and maintenance of a system which ensures that
information about all suspected adverse reactions which are reported
to the personnel of the company, and to medical representatives, is
collected and collated in order to be accessible at least at one point
within the Community;
(b) the preparation for the competent authorities of the reports referred
to in Article 104, in such form as may be laid down by those
authorities, in accordance with the guidance referred to in
Article 106(1);
(c) ensuring that any request from the competent authorities for the
provision of additional information necessary for the evaluation of
the benefits and risks afforded by a medicinal product is answered
fully and promptly, including the provision of information about the
volume of sales or prescriptions of the medicinal product concerned;
(d) the provision to the competent authorities, of any other information
relevant to the evaluation of the benefits and risks afforded by a
medicinal product, including appropriate information on post-
authorization safety studies.
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Article 104
1. The marketing authorisation holder shall be required to maintain

detailed records of all suspected adverse reactions occurring either in the
Community or in a third country.
Save in exceptional circumstances, these reactions shall be commu

nicated electronically in the form of a report in accordance with the
guidelines referred to in Article 106(1).
2. The marketing authorisation holder shall be required to record all

suspected serious adverse reactions which are brought to his attention
by a health-care professional and to report them promptly to the
competent authority of the Member State on whose territory the
incident occurred, and no later than 15 days following the receipt of
the information.
3. The marketing authorisation holder shall be required to record and

report all other suspected serious adverse reactions which meet the
notification criteria in accordance with the guidelines referred to in
Article 106(1), of which he can reasonably be expected to have
knowledge, promptly to the competent authority of the Member State
in whose territory the incident occurred, and no later than 15 days
following the receipt of the information.
4. The marketing authorisation holder shall ensure that all suspected

serious unexpected adverse reactions and any suspected transmission via
a medicinal product of any infectious agent occurring in the territory of
a third country are reported promptly in accordance with the guidelines
referred to in Article 106(1), so that the Agency and the competent
authorities of the Member States in which the medicinal product is
authorised are informed of them, and no later than 15 days following
the receipt of the information.
5. By way of derogation from paragraphs 2, 3 and 4, in the case of

medicinal products which are covered by Directive 87/22/EEC or which
have qualified for the procedures laid down in Articles 28 and 29 of this
Directive or which have been the subject of the procedures under
Articles 32, 33 and 34 of this Directive, the marketing authorisation
holder shall also ensure that all suspected serious adverse reactions
occurring in the Community are reported in such a way as to be
accessible to the reference Member State or to any competent
authority acting as reference Member State. The reference Member
State shall assume the responsibility of analysing and monitoring such
adverse reactions.
6. Unless other requirements have been laid down as a condition for

the granting of the marketing authorisation, or subsequently as indicated
in the guidelines referred to in Article 106(1), reports of all adverse
reactions shall be submitted to the competent authorities in the form of a
periodic safety update report, immediately upon request or at least every
six months after authorisation and until the placing on the market.
Periodic safety update reports shall also be submitted immediately
upon request or at least every six months during the first two years
following the initial placing on the market and once a year for the
following two years. Thereafter, the reports shall be submitted at
three-yearly intervals, or immediately upon request.
The periodic safety update reports shall include a scientific evaluation of

the risk-benefit balance of the medicinal product.
▼M7
7. The Commission may amend paragraph 6 in view of experience
gained through its operation. That measure, designed to amend non-
essential elements of this Directive, shall be adopted in accordance
Article 121(2a).
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8. Following the granting of a marketing authorisation, the marketing
authorisation holder may request the amendment of the periods referred
to in paragraph 6 in accordance with the procedure laid down by
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1084/2003 (1).
9. The holder of a marketing authorisation may not communicate

information relating to pharmacovigilance concerns to the general
public in relation to its authorised medicinal product without giving
prior or simultaneous notification to the competent authority.
In any case, the marketing authorisation holder shall ensure that such
information is presented objectively and is not misleading.
Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that a

marketing authorisation holder who fails to discharge these obligations
is subject to effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties.
Article 105
1. The Agency, in collaboration with the Member States and the

Commission, shall set up a data-processing network to facilitate the
exchange of pharmacovigilance information regarding medicinal
products marketed in the Community in order to allow all competent
authorities to share the information at the same time.
2. Making use of the network referred to in paragraph 1, Member

States shall ensure that reports of suspected serious adverse reactions
that have taken place on their territory are promptly made available to
the Agency and the other Member States, and in any case within 15
days after their notification at the latest.
3. The Member States shall ensure that reports of suspected serious

adverse reactions that have taken place on their territory are promptly
made available to the marketing authorisation holder, and in any case
within 15 days after their notification at the latest.
Article 106
1. In order to facilitate the exchange of information on pharmacov

igilance within the Community, the Commission, after consulting the
Agency, the Member States and interested parties, shall draw up
guidelines on the collection, verification and presentation of adverse
reaction reports, including technical requirements for electronic
exchange of pharmacovigilance information in accordance with interna
tionally agreed formats, and shall publish a reference to an interna
tionally agreed medical terminology.
Acting in accordance with the guidelines, marketing authorisation

holders shall use internationally agreed medical terminology for the
reporting of adverse reactions.
These guidelines shall be published in Volume 9 of The Rules

governing Medicinal Products in the European Community and shall
take account of international harmonisation work carried out in the field
of pharmacovigilance.
2. For the interpretation of the definitions referred to in points (11) to

(16) of Article 1 and of the principles outlined in this Title, the
marketing authorisation holder and the competent authorities shall
follow the guidelines referred to in paragraph 1.
(1) OJ L 159, 27.6.2003, p. 1.

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Article 107
1. Where, as a result of the evaluation of pharmacovigilance data, a

Member State considers that a marketing authorisation should be
suspended, revoked or varied in accordance with the guidelines
referred to in Article 106(1), it shall forthwith inform the Agency, the
other Member States and the marketing authorisation holder.
2. Where urgent action to protect public health is necessary, the
Member State concerned may suspend the marketing authorisation of
a medicinal product, provided that the Agency, the Commission and the
other Member States are informed no later than the following working
day.
When the Agency is informed in accordance with paragraph 1 in
relation to suspensions and revocation, or the first subparagraph of
this paragraph, the Committee shall prepare an opinion within a time-
frame to be determined depending on the urgency of the matter. In
relation to variations, the Committee may upon request from a
Member State prepare an opinion.
Acting on the basis of this opinion, the Commission may request all
Member States in which the product is being marketed to take
temporary measures immediately.
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The decision on the final measures concerning the product shall be
adopted in accordance with the management procedure referred to in
Article 121(3).
Article 108
The Commission shall adopt any amendments which may be necessary

to update provisions of Articles 101 to 107 to take account of scientific
and technical progress. Those measures, designed to amend non-
essential elements of this Directive, shall be adopted in accordance
Article 121(2a).
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TITLE X
SPECIAL PROVISIONS ON MEDICINAL PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM

HUMAN BLOOD AND PLASMA
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Article 109
For the collection and testing of human blood and human plasma,
Directive 2002/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
of 27 January 2003 setting standards of quality and safety for the
collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human
blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC (1)
shall apply.
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Article 110
Member States shall take the necessary measures to promote

Community self-sufficiency in human blood or human plasma. For
this purpose, they shall encourage the voluntary unpaid donation of
blood and plasma and shall take the necessary measures to develop
the production and use of products derived from human blood or
(1) OJ L 33, 8.2.2003, p. 30.

2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 64
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human plasma coming from voluntary unpaid donations. They shall
notify the Commission of such measures.
TITLE XI
SUPERVISION AND SANCTIONS
Article 111
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1. The competent authority of the Member State concerned shall
ensure, by means of repeated inspections, and if necessary unannounced
inspections, and, where appropriate, by asking an Official Medicines
Control Laboratory or a laboratory designated for that purpose to
carry out tests on samples, that the legal requirements governing
medicinal products are complied with.
The competent authority may also carry out unannounced inspections at
the premises of manufacturers of active substances used as starting
materials, or at the premises of marketing authorisation holders
whenever it considers that there are grounds for suspecting non-
compliance with the principles and guidelines of good manufacturing
practice referred to in Article 47. These inspections may also be carried
out at the request of a Member State, the Commission or the Agency.
In order to verify whether the data submitted in order to obtain a
conformity certificate comply with the monographs of the European
Pharmacopoeia, the standardisation body of the nomenclatures and the
quality norms within the meaning of the Convention relating to the
elaboration of the European Pharmacopoeia (1) (European Directorate
for the quality of Medicinal Products) may ask the Commission or
the Agency to request such an inspection when the starting material
concerned is the subject of a European Pharmacopoeia monograph.
The competent authority of the Member State concerned may carry out
inspections of starting material manufacturers at the specific request of
the manufacturer himself.
Such inspections shall be carried out by officials representing the
competent authority who shall be empowered to:
(a) inspect the manufacturing or commercial establishments of manu
facturers of medicinal products or of active substances used as
starting materials, and any laboratories employed by the holder of
the manufacturing authorisation to carry out checks pursuant to
Article 20;
(b) take samples including with a view to independent tests being
carried out by an Official Medicines Control Laboratory or a
laboratory designated for that purpose by a Member State;
(c) examine any documents relating to the object of the inspection,
subject to the provisions in force in the Member States on
21 May 1975 placing restrictions on these powers with regard to
the description of the manufacturing method;
(d) inspect the premises, records and documents of marketing authoris
ation holders or any firms employed by the marketing authorisation
holder to perform the activities described in Title IX, and in
particular Articles 103 and 104.
▼B
2. Member States shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that the
manufacturing processes used in the manufacture of immunological
products are properly validated and attain batch-to-batch consistency.
(1) OJ L 158, 25.6.1994, p. 19.

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3. After every inspection as referred to in paragraph 1, the officials
representing the competent authority shall report on whether the manu
facturer complies with the principles and guidelines of good manufac
turing practice laid down in Article 47 or, where appropriate, with the
requirements laid down in Articles 101 to 108. The content of such
reports shall be communicated to the manufacturer or marketing auth
orisation holder who has undergone the inspection.
4. Without prejudice to any arrangements which may have been
concluded between the Community and third countries, a Member
State, the Commission or the Agency may require a manufacturer estab
lished in a third country to submit to an inspection as referred to in
paragraph 1.
5. Within 90 days of an inspection as referred to in paragraph 1, a
certificate of good manufacturing practice shall be issued to a manu
facturer if the outcome of the inspection shows that the manufacturer
complies with the principles and guidelines of good manufacturing
practice as provided for by Community legislation.
If inspections are performed as part of the certification procedure for the
monographs of the European Pharmacopoeia, a certificate shall be
drawn up.
6. Member States shall enter the certificates of good manufacturing
practice which they issue in a Community database managed by the
Agency on behalf of the Community.
7. If the outcome of the inspection as referred to in paragraph 1 is
that the manufacturer does not comply with the principles and
guidelines of good manufacturing practice as provided for by
Community legislation, the information shall be entered in the
Community database as referred to in paragraph 6.
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Article 112
Member States shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the
holder of the marketing authorization for a medicinal product and,
where appropriate, the holder of the manufacturing authorization,
furnish proof of the controls carried out on the medicinal product
and/or the ingredients and of the controls carried out at an intermediate
stage of the manufacturing process, in accordance with the methods laid
down in Article 8(3)(h).
Article 113
For the purpose of implementing Article 112, Member States may

require manufacturers of immunological products to submit to a
competent authority copies of all the control reports signed by the
qualified person in accordance with Article 51.
Article 114
1. Where it considers it necessary in the interests of public health, a

Member State may require the holder of an authorization for marketing:
— live vaccines,
— immunological medicinal products used in the primary immuni
zation of infants or of other groups at risk,
— immunological medicinal products used in public health immuni
zation programmes,
— new immunological medicinal products or immunological medicinal
products manufactured using new or altered kinds of technology or
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 66
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new for a particular manufacturer, during a transitional period
normally specified in the marketing authorization,
to submit samples from each batch of the bulk and/or the medicinal
product for examination ►M4 by an Official Medicines Control
Laboratory or a laboratory that a Member State has designated for
that purpose ◄ before release on to the market unless, in the case of
a batch manufactured in another Member State, the competent authority
of that Member State has previously examined the batch in question and
declared it to be in conformity with the approved specifications.
Member States shall ensure that any such examination is completed
within 60 days of the receipt of the samples.
2. Where, in the interests of public health, the laws of a Member
State so provide, the competent authorities may require the marketing
authorization holder for medicinal products derived from human blood
or human plasma to submit samples from each batch of the bulk and/or
the medicinal product for testing ►M4 by an Official Medicines
Control Laboratory or a laboratory that a Member State has designated
for that purpose ◄ before being released into free circulation, unless
the competent authorities of another Member State have previously
examined the batch in question and declared it to be in conformity
with the approved specifications. Member States shall ensure that any
such examination is completed within 60 days of the receipt of the
samples.
Article 115
Member States shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the
manufacturing and purifying processes used in the preparation of
medicinal products derived from human blood or human plasma are
properly validated, attain batch-to-batch consistency and guarantee,
insofar as the state of technology permits, the absence of specific
viral contamination. To this end manufacturers shall notify the
competent authorities of the method used to reduce or eliminate
pathogenic viruses liable to be transmitted by medicinal products
derived from human blood or human plasma. The competent authority
may submit samples of the bulk and/or the medicinal product for testing
by a State laboratory or a laboratory designated for that purpose, either
during the examination of the application pursuant to Article 19, or after
a marketing authorization has been granted.
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Article 116
The competent authorities shall suspend, revoke, withdraw or vary a

marketing authorisation if the view is taken that the product is harmful
under normal conditions of use, or that it lacks therapeutic efficacy, or
that the risk-benefit balance is not positive under the normal conditions
of use, or that its qualitative and quantitative composition is not as
declared. Therapeutic efficacy is lacking when it is concluded that ther
apeutic results cannot be obtained from the medicinal product.
An authorisation shall also be suspended, revoked, withdrawn or varied
where the particulars supporting the application as provided for in
Article 8 or Articles 10, 10a, 10b, 10c and 11 are incorrect or have
not been amended in accordance with Article 23, or where the controls
referred to in Article 112 have not been carried out.
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Article 117
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1. Without prejudice to the measures provided for in Article 116,
Member States shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that the
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 67
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supply of the medicinal product is prohibited and the medicinal product
withdrawn from the market, if the view is taken that:
(a) the medicinal product is harmful under normal conditions of use; or
(b) it lacks therapeutic efficacy; or
(c) the risk-benefit balance is not favourable under the authorised

conditions of use; or
(d) its qualitative and quantitative composition is not as declared; or
(e) the controls on the medicinal product and/or on the ingredients and
the controls at an intermediate stage of the manufacturing process
have not been carried out or if some other requirement or obligation
relating to the grant of the manufacturing authorisation has not been
fulfilled.
▼B
2. The competent authority may limit the prohibition to supply the
product, or its withdrawal from the market, to those batches which are
the subject of dispute.
Article 118
1. The competent authority shall suspend or revoke the marketing

authorization for a category of preparations or all preparations where
any one of the requirements laid down in Article 41 is no longer met.
2. In addition to the measures specified in Article 117, the competent

authority may suspend manufacture or imports of medicinal products
coming from third countries, or suspend or revoke the manufacturing
authorization for a category of preparations or all preparations where
Articles 42, 46, 51 and 112 are not complied with.
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Article 119
The provisions of this Title shall apply to homeopathic medicinal

products.
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TITLE XII
STANDING COMMITTEE
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Article 120
The Commission shall adopt any changes which are necessary in order
to adapt Annex I to take account of scientific and technical progress.
Those measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of this
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 68
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Directive, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure
with scrutiny referred to in Article 121(2a).
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Article 121
1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Standing Committee on

Medicinal Products for Human Use, hereinafter called ‘the Standing
Committee’, in the task of adapting to technical progress the directives
on the removal of technical barriers to trade in the medicinal products
sector.
2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of
Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of
Article 8 thereof.
The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be
set at three months.
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2a. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5a(1) to (4)
and Article 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the
provisions of Article 8 thereof.
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3. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 4 and 7 of
Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of
Article 8 thereof.
The period laid down in Article 4(3) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be
set at one month.
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4. The rules of procedure of the Standing Committee shall be made
public.
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TITLE XIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
▼M4
Article 122

the competent authorities concerned communicate to each other such
information as is appropriate to guarantee that the requirements placed
on the authorisations referred to in Articles 40 and 77, on the certificates
referred to in Article 111(5) or on the marketing authorisations are
fulfilled.
2. Upon reasoned request, Member States shall forthwith commu
nicate the reports referred to in Article 111(3) to the competent auth
orities of another Member State.
3. The conclusions reached in accordance with Article 111(1) shall
be valid throughout the Community.
However, in exceptional cases, if a Member State is unable, for reasons
relating to public health, to accept the conclusions reached following an
inspection under Article 111(1), that Member State shall forthwith
inform the Commission and the Agency. The Agency shall inform the
Member States concerned.
When the Commission is informed of these divergences of opinion, it
may, after consulting the Member States concerned, ask the inspector
who performed the original inspection to perform a new inspection; the
inspector may be accompanied by two other inspectors from Member
States which are not parties to the disagreement.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 69
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Article 123
1. Each Member State shall take all the appropriate measures to

ensure that decisions authorizing marketing, refusing or revoking a
marketing authorization, cancelling a decision refusing or revoking a
marketing authorization, prohibiting supply, or withdrawing a product
from the market, together with the reasons on which such decisions are
based, are brought to the attention of the Agency forthwith.
2. The marketing authorization holder shall be obliged to notify the
Member States concerned forthwith of any action taken by him to
suspend the marketing of a medicinal product or to withdraw a
medicinal product from the market, together with the reasons for such
action if the latter concerns the efficacy of the medicinal product or the
protection of public health. Member States shall ensure that this infor
mation is brought to the attention of the Agency.
3. Member States shall ensure that appropriate information about
action taken pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 2 which may affect the
protection of public health in third countries is forthwith brought to
the attention of the World Health Organization, with a copy to the
Agency.
4. The Commission shall publish annually a list of the medicinal
products which are prohibited in the Community.
Article 124
Member States shall communicate to each other all the information

necessary to guarantee the quality and safety of homeopathic
medicinal products manufactured and marketed within the
Community, and in particular the information referred to in Articles
122 and 123.
Article 125
Every decision referred to in this Directive which is taken by the

competent authority of a Member State shall state in detail the
reasons on which it is based.
Such decision shall be notified to the party concerned, together with
information as to the redress available to him under the laws in force
and of the time-limit allowed for access to such redress.
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Decisions to grant or revoke a marketing authorisation shall be made
publicly available.
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Article 126
An authorization to market a medicinal product shall not be refused,

suspended or revoked except on the grounds set out in this Directive.
No decision concerning suspension of manufacture or of importation of
medicinal products coming from third countries, prohibition of supply
or withdrawal from the market of a medicinal product may be taken
except on the grounds set out in Articles 117 and 118.
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Article 126a
1. In the absence of a marketing authorisation or of a pending appli

cation for a medicinal product authorised in another Member State in
accordance with this Directive, a Member State may for justified public
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 70
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health reasons authorise the placing on the market of the said medicinal
product.
2. When a Member State avails itself of this possibility, it shall adopt
the necessary measures in order to ensure that the requirements of this
Directive are complied with, in particular those referred to in Titles V,
VI, VIII, IX and XI.
3. Before granting such an authorisation a Member State shall:
(a) notify the marketing authorisation holder, in the Member State in
which the medicinal product concerned is authorised, of the
proposal to grant an authorisation under this Article in respect of
the product concerned; and
(b) request the competent authority in that State to furnish a copy of the
assessment report referred to in Article 21(4) and of the marketing
authorisation in force in respect of the said medicinal product.
4. The Commission shall set up a publicly accessible register of
medicinal products authorised under paragraph 1. Member States shall
notify the Commission if any medicinal product is authorised, or ceases
to be authorised, under paragraph 1, including the name or corporate
name and permanent address of the authorisation holder. The
Commission shall amend the register of medicinal products accordingly
and make this register available on their website.
5. No later than 30 April 2008, the Commission shall present a report
to the European Parliament and the Council concerning the application
of this provision with a view to proposing any necessary amendments.
Article 126b
In order to guarantee independence and transparency, the Member

States shall ensure that members of staff of the competent authority
responsible for granting authorisations, rapporteurs and experts
concerned with the authorisation and surveillance of medicinal
products have no financial or other interests in the pharmaceutical
industry which could affect their impartiality. These persons shall
make an annual declaration of their financial interests.
In addition, the Member States shall ensure that the competent authority
makes publicly accessible its rules of procedure and those of its
committees, agendas for its meetings and records of its meetings,
accompanied by decisions taken, details of votes and explanations of
votes, including minority opinions.
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Article 127
1. At the request of the manufacturer, the exporter or the authorities

of an importing third country, Member States shall certify that a manu
facturer of medicinal products is in possession of the manufacturing
authorization. When issuing such certificates Member States shall
comply with the following conditions:
(a) they shall have regard to the prevailing administrative arrangements
of the World Health Organization;
(b) for medicinal products intended for export which are already
authorized on their territory, they shall supply the summary of the
product characteristics as approved in accordance with Article 21.
2. When the manufacturer is not in possession of a marketing author
ization he shall provide the authorities responsible for establishing the
certificate referred to in paragraph 1, with a declaration explaining why
no marketing authorization is available.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 71
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Article 127a
When a medicinal product is to be authorised in accordance with Regu

lation (EC) No 726/2004 and the Scientific Committee in its opinion
refers to recommended conditions or restrictions with regard to the safe
and effective use of the medicinal product as provided for in
Article 9(4)(c) of that Regulation, a decision addressed to the
Member States shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure
provided for in Articles 33 and 34 of this Directive, for the implemen
tation of those conditions or restrictions.
Article 127b
Member States shall ensure that appropriate collection systems are in

place for medicinal products that are unused or have expired.
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TITLE XIV
FINAL PROVISIONS
Article 128
Directives 65/65/EEC, 75/318/EEC, 75/319/EEC, 89/342/EEC,

89/343/EEC, 89/381/EEC, 92/25/EEC, 92/26/EEC, 92/27/EEC,
92/28/EEC and 92/73/EEC, amended by the Directives referred to in
Annex II, Part A, are repealed, without prejudice to the obligations of
the Member States concerning the time-limits for implementation set out
in Annex II, Part B.
References to the repealed Directives shall be construed as references to
this Directive and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table
in Annex III.
Article 129
This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that
of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.
Article 130
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

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ANNEX I
ANALYTICAL, PHARMACOTOXICOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL STANDARDS AND PROTOCOLS IN
RESPECT OF THE TESTING OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction and general principles .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..

Part I: Standardised marketing authorisation dossier requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. Module 1: Administrative information . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
1.1. Table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2. Application form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3. Summary of product characteristics, labelling and package leaflet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3.1. Summary of product characteristics . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
1.3.2. Labelling and package leaflet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3.3. Mock-ups and specimens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3.4. Summaries of product characteristics already approved in the Member States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4. Information about the experts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.5. Specific requirements for different types of applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.6. Environmental risk assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Module 2: Summaries .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
2.1. Overall table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.3. Quality overall summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4. Non-clinical overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5. Clinical overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.6. Non-clinical summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.7. Clinical Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Module 3: Chemical, pharmaceutical and biological information for medicinal products containing
chemical and/or biological active substances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1. Format and presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2. Content: basic principles and requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1. Active substance(s) . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
3.2.1.1. General information and information related to the starting and raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1.2. Manufacturing process of the active substance(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1.3. Characterisation of the active substance(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1.4. Control of active substance(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1.5. Reference standards or materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1.6. Container and closure system of the active substance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1.7. Stability of the active substance(s). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2. Finished medicinal product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2.1. Description and composition of the finished medicinal product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2.2. Pharmaceutical development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2.3. Manufacturing process of the finished medicinal product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2.4. Control of excipients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2.5. Control of the finished medicinal product . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
3.2.2.6. Reference standards or materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2.7. Container and closure of the finished medicinal product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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3.2.2.8. Stability of the finished medicinal product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Module 4: Non-clinical reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1. Format and Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.1. Pharmacology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.2. Pharmaco-kinetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2.3. Toxicology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Module 5: Clinical study reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1. Format and Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.1. Reports of bio-pharmaceutics studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.2. Reports of studies pertinent to pharmaco-kinetics using human bio-materials . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
5.2.3. Reports of human pharmaco-kinetic studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.4. Reports of human pharmaco-dynamic studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.5. Reports of efficacy and safety studies . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
5.2.5.1. Study Reports of Controlled Clinical Studies Pertinent to the Claimed Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.5.2. Study reports of uncontrolled clinical studies reports of analyses of data from more than one study and
other clinical study reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.6. Reports of post-marketing experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.7. Case reports forms and individual patient listings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part II: Specific marketing authorisation dossiers and requirements
1. Well-established medicinal use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Essentially similar medicinal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Additional data required in specific situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Similar biological medicinal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Fixed combination medicinal products . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
6. Documentation for applications in exceptional circumstances . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
7. Mixed marketing authorisation applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part III: Particular medicinal products . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
1. Biological medicinal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.1. Plasma-derived medicinal product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2. Vaccines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Radio-pharmaceuticals and precursors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1. Radio-pharmaceuticals .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
2.2. Radio-pharmaceutical precursors for radio-labelling purposes . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
3. Homeopathic medicinal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Herbal medicinal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Orphan Medicinal Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part IV: Advanced therapy medicinal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. Gene therapy medicinal products (human and xenogeneic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.1. Diversity of gene therapy medicinal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2. Specific requirements regarding Module 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Somatic cell therapy medicinal products (human and xenogeneic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Specific requirements for gene therapy and somatic cell therapy (human and xenogeneic) medicinal
products regarding Modules 4 and 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1. Module 4 . . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
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3.2. Module 5 . . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
3.2.1. Human pharmacology and efficacy studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2. Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Specific Statement on Xeno-transplantation Medicinal Products .. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . ..
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Introduction and general principles
(1) The particulars and documents accompanying an application for
marketing authorisation pursuant to Articles 8 and 10 (1) shall be
presented in accordance with the requirements set out in this Annex
and shall follow the guidance published by the Commission in The
rules governing medicinal products in the European Community,
Volume 2 B, Notice to applicants, Medicinal products for human
use, Presentation and content of the dossier, Common Technical
Document (CTD).
(2) The particulars and documents shall be presented as five modules:
Module 1 provides European Community specific administrative data;
Module 2 provides quality, non-clinical and clinical summaries,
Module 3 provides chemical, pharmaceutical and biological infor
mation, Module 4 provides non-clinical reports and Module 5
provides clinical study reports. This presentation implements a
common format for all ICH (1) regions (European Community,
United States of America, Japan). These five Modules shall be
presented in strict accordance with the format, content and
numbering system delineated in details in Volume 2 B of the Notice
to Applicants referred to above.
(3) The European Community-CTD-presentation is applicable for all types
of marketing authorisation applications irrespective of the procedure to
be applied (i.e. centralised, mutual recognition or national) and of
whether they are based on a full or abridged application. It is also
applicable for all types of products including new chemical entities
(NCE), radio-pharmaceuticals, plasma derivatives, vaccines, herbal
medicinal products, etc.
(4) In assembling the dossier for application for marketing authorisation,
applicants shall also take into account the scientific guidelines relating
to the quality, safety and efficacy of medicinal products for human use
as adopted by the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products
(CPMP) and published by the European Medicine Evaluation Agency
(EMEA) and the other pharmaceutical Community guidelines published
by the Commission in the different volumes of The rules governing
medicinal products in the European Community.
(5) With respect to the quality part (chemical, pharmaceutical and
biological) of the dossier, all monographs including general mono
graphs and general chapters of the European Pharmacopoeia are
applicable.
(6) The manufacturing process shall comply with the requirements of
Commission Directive 91/356/EEC laying down the principles and
guidelines of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for medicinal
products for human use (2) and with the principles and guidelines on
GMP, published by the Commission in The rules governing medicinal
products in the European Community, Volume 4.
(7) All information, which is relevant to the evaluation of the medicinal
product concerned, shall be included in the application, whether
favourable or unfavourable to the product. In particular, all relevant
details shall be given of any incomplete or abandoned pharmaco-toxi
cological or clinical test or trial relating to the medicinal product and/or
completed trials concerning therapeutic indications not covered by the
application.
(8) All clinical trials, conducted within the European Community, must
comply with the requirements of Directive 2001/20/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the approximation of the
laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States
relating to the implementation of good clinical practice in the conduct
of clinical trials on medicinal products for human use (3). To be taken
into account during the assessment of an application, clinical trials,
conducted outside the European Community, which relate to
medicinal products intended to be used in the European Community,
shall be designed, implemented and reported on what good clinical
practice and ethical principles are concerned, on the basis of principles,
(1) International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration

of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use.
(2) OJ L 193, 17.7.1991, p. 30.
(3) OJ L 121, 1.5.2001, p. 34.
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which are equivalent to the provisions of Directive 2001/20/EC. They
shall be carried out in accordance with the ethical principles that are
reflected, for example, in the Declaration of Helsinki.
(9) Non-clinical (pharmaco-toxicological) studies shall be carried out in
conformity with the provisions related to Good Laboratory Practice
laid down in Council Directives 87/18/EEC on the harmonisation of
regulations and administrative provisions relating to the application of
the principles of good laboratory practice and the verification of their
application for tests in chemical substances (1) and 88/320/EEC on the
inspection and verification of good laboratory practice (GLP) (2).
(10) Member States shall also ensure that all tests on animals are conducted
in accordance with Council Directive 86/609/EEC of 24 November
1986 on the approximation of laws, regulation and administrative
provisions of the Member States regarding the protection of animals
for experimental and other scientific purposes.
(11) In order to monitor the benefit/risk assessment, any new information
not in the original application and all pharmaco-vigilance information
shall be submitted to the competent authority. After marketing author
isation has been granted, any change to the data in the dossier shall be
submitted to the competent authorities in accordance with the
requirements of Commission Regulations (EC) No 1084/2003 (3) and
(EC) No 1085/2003 (4) of the Commission or, if relevant, in accordance
with national provisions, as well as the requirements in Volume 9 of
Commission publication The rules governing medicinal products in the
European Community.
This Annex is divided in four different parts:
— Part I describes the application format, the summary of product
characteristics, the labelling, the leaflet and presentation
requirements for standard applications (Modules 1 to 5).
— Part II provides derogation for ‘Specific applications’, i.e. well-
established medicinal use, essentially similar products, fixed combi
nations, similar biological products, exceptional circumstances and
mixed applications (part bibliographic and part own studies).
— Part III deals with ‘Particular application requirements’ for
biological medicinal products (Plasma Master File; Vaccine
Antigen Master File), radio-pharmaceuticals, homeopathic
medicinal products, herbal medicinal products and orphan
medicinal products.
— Part IV deals with ‘Advanced therapy medicinal products’ and
concerns specific requirements for gene therapy medicinal
products (using human autologous or allogeneic system, or xeno
geneic system) and cell therapy medicinal products both of human
or animal origin and xenogeneic transplantation medicinal products.
PART I
STANDARDISED MARKETING AUTHORISATION DOSSIER
REQUIREMENTS
1. MODULE 1: ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION
1.1. Table of contents
A comprehensive table of contents of Modules 1 to 5 of the dossier
submitted for marketing authorisation application shall be presented.
1.2. Application form
The medicinal product, which is the subject of the application, shall be
identified by name and name of the active substance(s), together with
the pharmaceutical form, the route of administration, the strength and
the final presentation, including packaging.
The name and address of the applicant shall be given, together with the
name and address of the manufacturers and the sites involved in the
different stages of the manufacture (including the manufacturer of the
(1) OJ L 15, 17.1.1987, p. 29.

(2) OJ L 145, 11.6.1988, p. 35.
(3) See p. 1 of this Official Journal.
(4) See p. 24 of this Official Journal.
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finished product and the manufacturer(s) of the active substance(s)),
and where relevant the name and address of the importer.
The applicant shall identify the type of application and indicate what
samples, if any, are also provided.
Annexed to the administrative data shall be copies of the manufacturing
authorisation as defined in Article 40, together with a list of countries
in which authorisation has been granted, copies of all the summaries of
product characteristics in accordance with Article 11 as approved by
Member States and a list of countries in which an application has been
submitted.
As outlined in the application form, the applicants shall provide, inter
alia, details of the medicinal product subject of the application, the
legal basis of the application, the proposed marketing authorisation
holder and manufacture(s), information on orphan medicinal product
status, scientific advice and paediatric development program.
1.3. Summary of product characteristics, labelling and package leaflet
1.3.1. Summary of product characteristics
The applicant shall propose a summary of the product characteristics, in
accordance with Article 11.
1.3.2. Labelling and package leaflet
A proposed labelling text for immediate and outer packaging as well as
for the package leaflet shall be provided. These shall be in accordance
with all mandatory items listed in Title V on the labelling of medicinal
products for human use (Article 63) and on package leaflet
(Article 59).
1.3.3. Mock-ups and specimens
The applicant shall provide specimen and/or mock-ups of the
immediate and outer packaging, labels and package leaflets for the
medicinal product concerned.
1.3.4. Summaries of product characteristics already approved in the Member
States
Annexed to the administrative data of the application form shall be
copies of all the summaries of product characteristics in accordance
with Articles 11 and 21 as approved by Member States, where
applicable and a list of countries in which an application has been
submitted.
1.4. Information about the experts
In accordance with Article 12 (2) experts must provide detailed reports
of their observations on the documents and particulars which constitute
the marketing authorisation dossier and in particular on Modules 3, 4
and 5 (chemical, pharmaceutical and biological documentation, non-
clinical documentation and clinical documentation, respectively). The
experts are required to address the critical points related to the quality
of the medicinal product and of the investigations carried out on
animals and human beings and bring out all the data relevant for
evaluation.
These requirements shall be met by providing a quality overall
summary, a non-clinical overview (data from studies carried out in
animals) and a clinical overview that shall be located in Module 2 of
the marketing authorisation application dossier. A declaration signed by
the experts together with brief information on their educational back
ground, training and occupational experience shall be presented in
Module 1. The experts shall have suitable technical or professional
qualifications. The professional relationship of the expert to the
applicant shall be declared.
1.5. Specific requirements for different types of applications
Specific requirements for different types of applications are addressed
in Part II of the present Annex.
1.6. Environmental risk assessment
Where applicable, applications for marketing authorisations shall
include a risk assessment overview evaluating possible risks to the
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environment due to the use and/or disposal of the medicinal product
and make proposals for appropriate labelling provisions. Environmental
risk connected with the release of medicinal products containing or
consisting of GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) within the
meaning of Article 2 of Directive 2001/18/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 12 March 2001 on the deliberate
release into the environment of modified organisms and repealing
Council Directive 90/220/EEC (1) shall be addressed.
Information pertaining to the environmental risk shall appear as an

appendix to Module 1.
The information shall be presented in accordance with the provisions of

Directive 2001/18/EC, taking into account any guidance documents
published by the Commission in connection with the implementation
of the said Directive.
The information shall consist of:
— an introduction;
— a copy of any written consent or consents to the deliberate release

into the environment of the GMO(s) for research and development
purposes according to Part B of Directive 2001/18/EC;
— the information requested in Annexes II to IV of the Directive

2001/18/EC, including detection and identification methods as
well as unique code of the GMO, plus any additional information
on the GMO or the product of relevance to evaluating the environ
mental risk;
— an environment risk assessment (ERA) report prepared on basis of

the information specified in Annexes III and IV of Directive
2001/18/EC and in accordance with Annex II of Directive
2001/18/EC;
— taking into account the above information and the ERA, a

conclusion which proposes an appropriate risk management
strategy which includes, as relevant to the GMO and product in
question, a post-market monitoring plan and the identification of
any special particulars which need to appear in the Summary of
Product Characteristics, labelling and package leaflet;
— appropriate measures in order to inform the public.
A dated signature of the author, information on the author's educa

tional, training and occupational experience, and a statement of the
author's relationship with the applicant, shall be included.
2. MODULE 2: SUMMARIES
This Module aims to summarise the chemical, pharmaceutical and
biological data, the non-clinical data and the clinical data presented
in Modules 3, 4 and 5 of the dossier for marketing authorisation,
and to provide the reports/overviews described in Article 12 of this
Directive.
Critical points shall be addressed and analysed. Factual summaries

including tabular formats shall be provided. Those reports shall
provide cross-references to tabular formats or to the information
contained in the main documentation presented in Module 3
(chemical, pharmaceutical and biological documentation), Module 4
(non-clinical documentation) and Module 5 (clinical documentation).
Information contained in Module 2 shall be presented in accordance

with the format, content and numbering system delineated in the
Volume 2 of the Notice to Applicants. The overviews and summaries
shall comply with the basic principles and requirements as laid down
herewith:
2.1. Overall table of contents

Module 2 shall contain a table of contents for the scientific documen
tation submitted in Modules 2 to 5.
(1) OJ L 106, 17.4.2001, p. 1.

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2.2. Introduction
Information on the pharmacological class, mode of action and proposed
clinical use of the medicinal product for which a marketing authoris
ation is requested shall be supplied.
2.3. Quality overall summary

A review of the information related to the chemical, pharmaceutical
and biological data shall be provided in a quality overall summary.
Key critical parameters and issues related to quality aspects shall be

emphasised as well as justification in cases where the relevant
guidelines are not followed. This document shall follow the scope
and outline of the corresponding detailed data presented in Module 3.
2.4. Non-clinical overview

An integrated and critical assessment of the non-clinical evaluation of
the medicinal product in animals/in vitro shall be required. Discussion
and justification of the testing strategy and of deviation from the
relevant guidelines shall be included.
Except for biological medicinal products, an assessment of the im

purities and degradation products shall be included along with their
potential pharmacological and toxicological effects. The implications
of any differences in the chirality, chemical form, and impurity
profile between the compound used in the non-clinical studies and
the product to be marketed shall be discussed.
For biological medicinal products, comparability of material used in

non-clinical studies, clinical studies, and the medicinal product for
marketing shall be assessed.
Any novel excipient shall be the subject of a specific safety assessment.
The characteristics of the medicinal product, as demonstrated by the

non-clinical studies shall be defined and the implications of the
findings for the safety of the medicinal product for the intended
clinical use in human shall be discussed.
2.5. Clinical overview

The clinical overview is intended to provide a critical analysis of the
clinical data included in the clinical summary and Module 5. The
approach to the clinical development of the medicinal product,
including critical study design, decisions related to and performance
of the studies shall be provided.
A brief overview of the clinical findings, including important

limitations as well as an evaluation of benefits and risks based on
the conclusions of the clinical studies shall be provided. An interpre
tation of the way the efficacy and safety findings support the proposed
dose and target indications and an evaluation of how the summary of
product characteristics and other approaches will optimise the benefits
and manage the risks is required.
Efficacy or safety issues encountered in development and unresolved

issues shall be explained.
2.6. Non-clinical summary

The results of pharmacology, pharmaco-kinetics and toxicology studies
carried out in animals/in vitro shall be provided as factual written and
tabulated summaries which shall be presented in the following order:
— Introduction
— Pharmacology Written Summary
— Pharmacology Tabulated Summary
— Pharmaco-kinetics Written Summary
— Pharmaco-kinetics Tabulated Summary
— Toxicology Written Summary
— Toxicology Tabulated Summary.

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2.7. Clinical Summary
A detailed, factual summary of the clinical information on the
medicinal product included in Module 5 shall be provided. This shall
include the results of all bio-pharmaceutics studies, of clinical pharma
cology studies, and of clinical efficacy and safety studies. A synopsis
of the individual studies is required.
Summarised clinical information shall be presented in the following
order:
— Summary of Bio-pharmaceutics and Associated Analytical Methods
— Summary of Clinical Pharmacology Studies
— Summary of Clinical Efficacy
— Summary of Clinical Safety
— Synopses of Individual Studies
3. MODULE 3: CHEMICAL, PHARMACEUTICAL AND
BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION FOR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
CONTAINING CHEMICAL AND/OR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE
SUBSTANCES
3.1. Format and presentation
The general outline of Module 3 is as follows:
— Table of contents
— Body of data
— Active substance
General Information
— Nomenclature
— Structure
— General Properties
Manufacture
— Manufacturer(s)
— Description of Manufacturing Process and Process Controls
— Control of Materials
— Controls of Critical Steps and Intermediates
— Process Validation and/or Evaluation
— Manufacturing Process Development
Characterisation
— Elucidation of Structure and other Characteristics
— Impurities
Control of Active Substance
— Specification
— Analytical Procedures
— Validation of Analytical Procedures
— Batch Analyses
— Justification of Specification
Reference Standards or Materials
Container Closure System
Stability
— Stability Summary and Conclusions
— Post-approval Stability Protocol and Stability Commitment
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— Stability Data
— Finished Medicinal Product
Description and Composition of the
Medicinal Product
Pharmaceutical Development
— Components of the Medicinal Product
— Active Substance
— Excipients
— Medicinal Product
— Formulation Development
— Overages
— Physicochemical and Biological Properties
— Manufacturing Process Development
— Container Closure System
— Microbiological Attributes
— Compatibility
Manufacture
— Manufacturer(s)
— Batch Formula
— Description of Manufacturing Process and Process Controls
— Controls of Critical Steps and Intermediates
— Process Validation and/or Evaluation
Control of Excipients
— Specifications
— Justification of Specifications
— Excipients of Human or Animal Origin
— Novel Excipients
Control of Finished Medicinal Product
— Specification(s)
— Batch Analyses
— Characterisation of Impurities
— Justification of Specification(s)
Reference Standards or Materials
Container Closure System
Stability
— Stability Summary and Conclusion
— Post-approval Stability Protocol and Stability Commitment
— Stability Data
— Appendices
— Facilities and Equipment (Biological Medicinal Products
only)
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— Adventitious Agents Safety Evaluation
— Excipients
— European Community Additional Information
— Process Validation Scheme for the Medicinal Product
— Medical Device
— Certificate(s) of Suitability
— Medicinal products containing or using in the manufacturing
process materials of animal and/or human origin (TSE
procedure)
— Literature References
3.2. Content: basic principles and requirements
(1) The chemical, pharmaceutical and biological data that shall be
provided shall include for the active substance(s) and for the
finished medicinal product all of relevant information on: the
development, the manufacturing process, the characterisation
and properties, the quality control operations and requirements,
the stability as well as a description of the composition and
presentation of the finished medicinal product.
(2) Two main sets of information shall be provided, dealing with the
active substance(s) and with the finished medicinal product, re
spectively.
(3) This Module shall in addition supply detailed information on the
starting and raw materials used during the manufacturing
operations of the active substance(s) and on the excipients incor
porated in the formulation of the finished medicinal product.
(4) All the procedures and methods used for manufacturing and
controlling the active substance and the finished medicinal
product shall be described in sufficient details to enable them
to be repeated in control tests, carried out at the request of the
competent authority. All test procedures shall correspond to the
state of scientific progress at the time and shall be validated.
Results of the validation studies shall be provided. In the case of
test procedures included in the European Pharmacopoeia, this
description shall be replaced by the appropriate detailed
reference to the monograph(s) and general chapter(s).
(5) The monographs of the European Pharmacopoeia shall be
applicable to all substances, preparations and pharmaceutical
forms appearing in it. In respect of other substances, each
Member State may require observance of its own national phar
macopoeia.
However, where a material in the European Pharmacopoeia or in
the pharmacopoeia of a Member State has been prepared by a
method liable to leave impurities not controlled in the pharma
copoeia monograph, these impurities and their maximum
tolerance limits must be declared and a suitable test procedure
must be described. In cases where a specification contained in a
monograph of the European Pharmacopoeia or in the national
pharmacopoeia of a Member State might be insufficient to
ensure the quality of the substance, the competent authorities
may request more appropriate specifications from the
marketing authorisation holder. The competent authorities shall
inform the authorities responsible for the pharmacopoeia in
question. The marketing authorisation holder shall provide the
authorities of that pharmacopoeia with the details of the alleged
insufficiency and the additional specifications applied.
In the case of analytical procedures included in the European
Pharmacopoeia, this description shall be replaced in each
relevant section by the appropriate detailed reference to the
monograph(s) and general chapter(s).
(6) In case where starting and raw materials, active substance(s) or
excipient(s) are described neither in the European Pharma
copoeia nor in the pharmacopoeia of a Member State,
compliance with the monograph of a third country pharma
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copoeia can be accepted. In such cases, the applicant shall
submit a copy of the monograph accompanied by the validation
of the analytical procedures contained in the monograph and by
a translation where appropriate.
(7) Where the active substance and/or a raw and starting material or
excipient(s) are the subject of a monograph of the European
Pharmacopoeia, the applicant can apply for a certificate of suit
ability that, where granted by the European Directorate for the
Quality of Medicines, shall be presented in the relevant section
of this Module. Those certificates of suitability of the monograph
of the European Pharmacopoeia are deemed to replace the
relevant data of the corresponding sections described in this
Module. The manufacturer shall give the assurance in writing
to the applicant that the manufacturing process has not been
modified since the granting of the certificate of suitability by
the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines.
(8) For a well-defined active substance, the active substance manu

facturer or the applicant may arrange for the
(i) detailed description of the manufacturing process,
(ii) quality control during manufacture, and
(iii) process validation
to be supplied in a separate document directly to the competent

authorities by the manufacturer of the active substance as an
Active Substance Master File.
In this case, the manufacturer shall, however, provide the

applicant with all of the data, which may be necessary for the
latter to take responsibility for the medicinal product. The manu
facturer shall confirm in writing to the applicant that he shall
ensure batch to batch consistency and not modify the manufac
turing process or specifications without informing the applicant.
Documents and particulars supporting the application for such a
change shall be supplied to the competent authorities; these
documents and particulars will be also supplied to the
applicant when they concern the open part of the active
substance master file.
(9) Specific measures concerning the prevention of the transmission

of animal spongiform encephalopathies (materials from ruminant
origin): at each step of the manufacturing process, the applicant
must demonstrate the compliance of the materials used with the
Note for Guidance on Minimising the Risk of Transmitting
Animal Spongiform Encephalopathy Agents via Medicinal
Products and its updates, published by the Commission in the
Official Journal of the European Union. Demonstration of
compliance with the said Note for Guidance can be done by
submitting either, preferably a certificate of suitability to the
relevant monograph of the European Pharmacopoeia that has
been granted by the European Directorate for the Quality of
Medicines or by the supply of scientific data to substantiate
this compliance.
(10) For adventitious agents, information assessing the risk with

respect to potential contamination with adventitious agents,
whether they are non-viral or viral, as laid down in relevant
guidelines as well as in relevant general monograph and
general chapter of the European Pharmacopoeia, shall be
provided.
(11) Any special apparatus and equipment, which may be used at any
stage of the manufacturing process and control operations of the
medicinal product, shall be described in adequate details.
(12) Where applicable and if needed, a CE marking which is required

by Community legislation on medical devices shall be provided.
Special attention shall be paid to the following selected elements.

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3.2.1. Active substance(s)
3.2.1.1. G e n e r a l i n f o r m a t i o n a n d i n f o r m a t i o n r e l a t e d t o t h e
starting and raw materials
a) Information on the nomenclature of the active substance shall be
provided, including recommended International Non-proprietary
Name (INN), European Pharmacopoeia name if relevant,
chemical name(s).
The structural formula, including relative and absolute stereo-
chemistry, the molecular formula, and the relative molecular
mass shall be provided. For biotechnological medicinal products
if appropriate, the schematic amino acid sequence and relative
molecular mass shall be provided.
A list shall be provided of physicochemical and other relevant
properties of the active substance, including biological activity
for biological medicinal products.
b) For the purposes of this Annex, starting materials shall mean all
the materials from which the active substance is manufactured or
extracted.
For biological medicinal products, starting materials shall mean
any substance of biological origin such as micro-organisms,
organs and tissues of either plant or animal origin, cells or fluids
(including blood or plasma) of human or animal origin, and
biotechnological cell constructs (cell substrates, whether they are
recombinant or not, including primary cells).
A biological medicinal product is a product, the active substance of
which is a biological substance. A biological substance is a
substance that is produced by or extracted from a biological
source and that needs for its characterisation and the determination
of its quality a combination of physico-chemical-biological testing,
together with the production process and its control. The following
shall be considered as biological medicinal products: immuno
logical medicinal products and medicinal products derived from
human blood and human plasma as defined, respectively in para
graphs (4) and (10) of Article 1; medicinal products falling within
the scope of Part A of the Annex to Regulation (EEC) No 2309/93;
advanced therapy medicinal products as defined in Part IV of this
Annex.
Any other substances used for manufacturing or extracting the
active substance(s) but from which this active substance is not
directly derived, such as reagents, culture media, foetal calf
serum, additives, and buffers involved in chromatography, etc.
are known as raw materials.
3.2.1.2. M a n u f a c t u r i n g p r o c e s s o f t h e a c t i v e s u b s t a n c e ( s )
a) The description of the active substance manufacturing process
represents the applicant's commitment for the manufacture of the
active substance. To adequately describe the manufacturing process
and process controls, appropriate information as laid down in
guidelines published by the Agency shall be provided.
b) All materials needed in order to manufacture the active
substance(s) shall be listed, identifying where each material is
used in the process. Information on the quality and control of
these materials shall be provided. Information demonstrating that
materials meet standards appropriate for their intended use shall be
provided.
Raw materials shall be listed and their quality and controls shall
also be documented.
The name, address, and responsibility of each manufacturer,
including contractors, and each proposed production site or
facility involved in manufacturing and testing shall be provided.
c) For biological medicinal products, the following additional
requirements shall apply.
The origin and history of starting materials shall be described and
documented.
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Regarding the specific measures for the prevention of the Trans
mission of animal Spongiform Encephalopathies, the applicant
must demonstrate that the active substance complies with the
Note for Guidance on Minimising the Risk of Transmitting
Animal Spongiform Encephalopathy Agents via Medicinal
Products and its updates, published by the Commission in the
Official Journal of the European Union.
When cell banks are used, the cell characteristics shall be shown to
have remained unchanged at the passage level used for the
production and beyond.
Seed materials, cell banks, pools of serum or plasma and other

materials of biological origin and, whenever possible, the
materials from which they are derived shall be tested for adven
titious agents.
If the presence of potentially pathogenic adventitious agents is

inevitable, the corresponding material shall be used only when
further processing ensures their elimination and/or inactivation,
and this shall be validated.
Whenever possible, vaccine production shall be based on a seed lot

system and on established cell banks. For bacterial and viral
vaccines, the characteristics of the infectious agent shall be demon
strated on the seed. In addition, for live vaccines, the stability of
the attenuation characteristics shall be demonstrated on the seed; if
this proof is not sufficient, the attenuation characteristics shall also
be demonstrated at the production stage.
For medicinal products derived from human blood or plasma, the

origin and the criteria and procedures for collection, transportation
and storage of the starting material shall be described and docu
mented in accordance with provisions laid down in Part III of this
Annex.
The manufacturing facilities and equipment shall be described.
d) Tests and acceptance criteria carried out at every critical step,

information on the quality and control of intermediates and
process validation and/or evaluation studies shall be provided as
appropriate.
e) If the presence of potentially pathogenic adventitious agents is

inevitable, the correspondent material shall be used only when
further processing ensures their elimination and/or inactivation
and this shall be validated in the section dealing with viral
safety evaluation.
f) A description and discussion of the significant changes made to the

manufacturing process during development and/or manufacturing
site of the active substance shall be provided.
3.2.1.3. C h a r a c t e r i s a t i o n o f t h e a c t i v e s u b s t a n c e ( s )
Data highlighting the structure and other characteristics of the active
substance(s) shall be provided.
Confirmation of the structure of the active substance(s) based on any

physico-chemical and/or immuno-chemical and/or biological methods,
as well as information on impurities shall be provided.
3.2.1.4. C o n t r o l o f a c t i v e s u b s t a n c e ( s )
Detailed information on the specifications used for routine control of
active substance(s), justification for the choice of these specifications,
methods of analysis and their validation shall be provided.
The results of control carried out on individual batches manufactured

during development shall be presented.
3.2.1.5. R e f e r e n c e s t a n d a r d s o r m a t e r i a l s
Reference preparations and standards shall be identified and described
in detail. Where relevant, chemical and biological reference material of
the European Pharmacopoeia shall be used.
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3.2.1.6. C o n t a i n e r and closure system of the active
substance
A description of the container and the closure system(s) and their
specifications shall be provided.
3.2.1.7. S t a b i l i t y o f t h e a c t i v e s u b s t a n c e ( s )
a) The types of studies conducted, protocols used, and the results of
the studies shall be summarised
b) Detailed results of the stability studies, including information on
the analytical procedures used to generate the data and validation
of these procedures shall be presented in an appropriate format
c) The post authorisation stability protocol and stability commitment
shall be provided
3.2.2. Finished medicinal product
3.2.2.1. D e s c r i p t i o n a n d c o m p o s i t i o n of the finished
medicinal product
A description of the finished medicinal product and its composition
shall be provided. The information shall include the description of the
pharmaceutical form and composition with all the constituents of the
finished medicinal product, their amount on a per-unit basis, the
function of the constituents of:
— the active substance(s),
— the constituent(s) of the excipients, whatever their nature or the
quantity used, including colouring matter, preservatives,
adjuvants, stabilisers, thickeners, emulsifiers, flavouring and
aromatic substances, etc.,
— the constituents, intended to be ingested or otherwise administered
to the patient, of the outer covering of the medicinal products (hard
capsules, soft capsules, rectal capsules, coated tablets, films-coated
tablets, etc.),
— these particulars shall be supplemented by any relevant data
concerning the type of container and, where appropriate, its
manner of closure, together with details of devices with which
the medicinal product will be used or administered and which
will be delivered with the medicinal product.
The ‘usual terminology’, to be used in describing the constituents of
medicinal products, shall mean, notwithstanding the application of the
other provisions in Article 8 (3) (c):
— in respect of substances which appear in the European Pharma
copoeia or, failing this, in the national pharmacopoeia of one of
the Member States, the main title at the head of the monograph in
question, with reference to the pharmacopoeia concerned,
— in respect of other substances, the international non-proprietary
name (INN) recommended by the World Health Organisation, or,
failing this, the exact scientific designation; substances not having
an international non-proprietary name or an exact scientific desig
nation shall be described by a statement of how and from what they
were prepared, supplemented, where appropriate, by any other
relevant details,
— in respect of colouring matter, designation by the ‘E’ code assigned
to them in Council Directive 78/25/EEC of 12 December 1977 on
the approximation of the rules of the Member States concerning the
colouring matters authorised for use in medicinal products (1)
and/or European Parliament and Council Directive 94/36/EC of
30 June 1994 on colours for use in foodstuffs (2).
In order to give the ‘quantitative composition’ of the active
substance(s) of the finished medicinal products, it is necessary,
depending on the pharmaceutical form concerned, to specify the
mass, or the number of units of biological activity, either per dosage-
unit or per unit of mass or volume, of each active substance.
(1) OJ L 11, 14.1.1978, p. 18.

(2) OJ L 237, 10.9.1994, p. 13.
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Active substances present in the form of compounds or derivatives
shall be designated quantitatively by their total mass, and if
necessary or relevant, by the mass of active entity or entities of the
molecule.
For medicinal products containing an active substance, which is the

subject of an application for marketing authorisation in any Member
State for the first time, the quantitative statement of an active
substance, which is a salt or hydrate shall be systematically
expressed in terms of the mass of the active entity or entities in the
molecule. All subsequently authorised medicinal products in the
Member States shall have their quantitative composition stated in the
same way for the same active substance.
Units of biological activity shall be used for substances, which cannot

be defined molecularly. Where an International Unit of biological
activity has been defined by the World Health Organisation, this
shall be used. Where no International Unit has been defined, the
units of biological activity shall be expressed in such a way as to
provide unambiguous information on the activity of the substances
by using where applicable the European Pharmacopoeia Units.
3.2.2.2. P h a r m a c e u t i c a l d e v e l o p m e n t
This chapter shall be devoted to information on the development
studies conducted to establish that the dosage form, the formulation,
manufacturing process, container closure system, microbiological
attributes and usage instructions are appropriate for the intended use
specified in the marketing authorisation application dossier.
The studies described in this chapter are distinct from routine control
tests conducted according to specifications. Critical parameters of the
formulation and process attributes that can influence batch reproduci
bility, medicinal product performance and medicinal product quality
shall be identified and described. Additional supportive data, where
appropriate, shall be referenced to the relevant chapters of Module 4
(Non Clinical Study Reports) and Module 5 (Clinical Study Reports) of
the marketing authorisation application dossier.
a) The compatibility of the active substance with excipients as well as

key physicochemical characteristics of the active substance that can
influence the performance of the finished product or the compati
bility of different active substances with each other in the case of
combination products, shall be documented.
b) The choice of excipients, in particular relative to their respective

functions and concentration shall be documented.
c) A description of the development of the finished product shall be

provided, taking into consideration the proposed route of adminis
tration and usage.
d) Any overages in the formulation(s) shall be warranted.
e) As far as the physiochemical and biological properties are

concerned, any parameter relevant to the performance of finished
product shall be addressed and documented.
f) The selection and optimisation of the manufacturing process as well

as differences between the manufacturing process(es) used to
produce pivotal clinical batches and the process used for manufac
turing the proposed finished medicinal product shall be provided.
g) The suitability of the container and closure system used for the
storage, shipping and use of the finished product shall be docu
mented. A possible interaction between medicinal product and
container may need to be considered.
h) The microbiological attributes of the dosage form in relation with

non-sterile and sterile products shall be in accordance with and
documented as prescribed in the European Pharmacopoeia.
i) In order to provide appropriate and supportive information for the

labelling the compatibility of the finished product with reconsti
tution diluent(s) or dosage devices shall be documented.
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3.2.2.3. M a n u f a c t u r i n g p r o c e s s o f t h e f i n i s h e d m e d i c i n a l
product
a) The description of the manufacturing method accompanying the
application for Marketing Authorisation pursuant to
Article 8 (3) (d), shall be drafted in such a way as to give an
adequate synopsis of the nature of the operations employed.
For this purpose it shall include at least:
— mention of the various stages of manufacture including process

controls and corresponding acceptance criteria, so that an
assessment can be made of whether the processes employed
in producing the pharmaceutical form might have produced
an adverse change in the constituents,
— in the case of continuous manufacture, full details concerning

precautions taken to ensure the homogeneity of the finished
product,
— experimental studies validating the manufacturing process,

where a non-standard method of manufacture is used or
where it is critical for the product,
— for sterile medicinal products, details of the sterilisation

processes and/or aseptic procedures used,
— a detailed batch formula.
The name, address, and responsibility of each manufacturer,

including contractors, and each proposed production site or
facility involved in manufacturing and testing shall be provided.
b) Particulars relating to the product control tests that may be carried

out at an intermediate stage of the manufacturing process, with a
view to ensuring the consistency of the production process shall be
included.
These tests are essential for checking the conformity of the

medicinal product with the formula when, exceptionally, an
applicant proposes an analytical method for testing the finished
product which does not include the assay of all the active
substances (or of all the excipient constituents subject to the
same requirements as the active substances).
The same applies where the quality control of the finished product
depends on in-process control tests, particularly if the medicinal
product is essentially defined by its method of preparation.
c) Description, documentation, and results of the validation studies

for critical steps or critical assays used in the manufacturing
process shall be provided.
3.2.2.4. C o n t r o l o f e x c i p i e n t s
a) All the materials needed in order to manufacture the excipient(s)
shall be listed identifying where each material is used in the
process. Information on the quality and control of these materials
shall be provided. Information demonstrating that materials meet
standards appropriate for their intended use shall be provided.
Colouring matter shall, in all cases, satisfy the requirements of

Directives 78/25/EEC and/or 94/36/EC. In addition, colouring
matter shall meet purity criteria as laid down in Directive
95/45/EC, as amended.
b) For each excipient, the specifications and their justifications shall

be detailed. The analytical procedures shall be described and duly
validated.
c) Specific attention shall be paid to excipients of human or animal

origin.
Regarding the specific measures for the prevention of the Trans

mission of animal Spongiform Encephalopathies, the applicant
must demonstrate also for excipients that the medicinal product
is manufactured in accordance with the Note for Guidance on
Minimising the Risk of Transmitting Animal Spongiform Encepha
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lopathy Agents via Medicinal Products and its updates, published
by the Commission in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Demonstration of compliance with the aforementioned Note for
Guidance can be done by submitting either preferably a certificate
of suitability to the relevant monograph on Transmissible Spon
giform Encephalopathies of the European Pharmacopoeia, or by the
supply of scientific data to substantiate this compliance.
d) Novel excipients:
For excipient(s) used for the first time in a medicinal product or by
a new route of administration, full details of manufacture, charac
terisation, and controls, with cross references to supporting safety
data, both non-clinical and clinical, shall be provided according to
the active substance format previously described.
A document containing the detailed chemical, pharmaceutical and
biological information shall be presented. This information shall be
formatted in the same order as the chapter devoted to Active
Substance(s) of Module 3.
Information on novel excipient(s) may be presented as a stand-
alone document following the format described in the former para
graphs. Where the applicant differs from the novel excipient manu
facturer the said stand-alone document shall be made available to
the applicant for submission to the competent authority.
Additional information on toxicity studies with the novel excipient
shall be provided in Module 4 of the dossier.
Clinical studies shall be provided in Module 5.
3.2.2.5. C o n t r o l o f t h e f i n i s h e d m e d i c i n a l p r o d u c t
For the control of the finished medicinal product, a batch of a
medicinal product is an entity which comprises all the units of a
pharmaceutical form which are made from the same initial quantity
of material and have undergone the same series of manufacturing
and/or sterilisation operations or, in the case of a continuous production
process, all the units manufactured in a given period of time.
Unless there is appropriate justification, the maximum acceptable
deviation in the active substance content of the finished product shall
not exceed ± 5 % at the time of manufacture.
Detailed information on the specifications, (release and shelf life) justi
fication for their choice, methods of analysis and their validation shall
be provided.
3.2.2.6. R e f e r e n c e s t a n d a r d s o r m a t e r i a l s
Reference preparations and standards used for testing of the finished
medicinal product shall be identified and described in detail, if not
previously provided in the section related to the active substance.
3.2.2.7. C o n t a i n e r a n d c l o s u r e o f t h e f i n i s h e d m e d i c i n a l
product
A description of the container and the closure system(s) including the
identity of each immediate packaging material and their specifications
shall be provided. The specifications shall include description and
identification. Non-pharmacopoeial methods (with validation) shall be
included where appropriate.
For non-functional outer packaging materials only a brief description
shall be provided. For functional outer packaging materials additional
information shall be provided.
3.2.2.8. S t a b i l i t y o f t h e f i n i s h e d m e d i c i n a l p r o d u c t
a) The types of studies conducted, protocols used, and the results of
the studies shall be summarised;
b) Detailed results of the stability studies, including information on
the analytical procedures used to generate the data and validation
of these procedures shall be presented in an appropriate format; in
case of vaccines, information on cumulative stability shall be
provided where appropriate;
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c) The post authorisation stability protocol and stability commitment
shall be provided.
4. MODULE 4: NON-CLINICAL REPORTS
4.1. Format and Presentation
— Table of contents
— Study reports
— Pharmacology
— Primary Pharmaco-dynamics
— Secondary Pharmaco-dynamics
— Safety Pharmacology
— Pharmaco-dynamic Interactions
— Pharmaco-kinetics
— Analytical Methods and Validation Reports
— Absorption
— Distribution
— Metabolism
— Excretion
— Pharmaco-kinetic Interactions (non-clinical)
— Other Pharmaco-kinetic Studies
— Toxicology
— Single-Dose Toxicity
— Repeat-Dose Toxicity
— Genotoxicity
— In vitro
— In vivo (including supportive toxico-kinetics
evaluations)
— Carcinogenicity
— Long-term studies
— Short- or medium-term studies
— Other studies
— Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity
— Fertility and early embryonic development
— Embryo-fetal development
— Prenatal and postnatal development
— Studies in which the offspring (juvenile animals) are
dosed and/or further evaluated
— Local Tolerance
— Other Toxicity Studies
— Antigenicity
— Immuno-toxicity
— Mechanistic studies
— Dependence
— Metabolites
— Impurities
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— Other
— Literature references
(1) The pharmacological and toxicological tests must show:
a) the potential toxicity of the product and any dangerous or unde
sirable toxic effects that may occur under the proposed
conditions of use in human beings; these should be evaluated
in relation to the pathological condition concerned;
b) the pharmacological properties of the product, in both qualitative
and quantitative relationship to the proposed use in human
beings. All results must be reliable and of general applicability.
Whenever appropriate, mathematical and statistical procedures
shall be used in designing the experimental methods and in
evaluating the results.
Additionally, it is necessary for clinicians to be given infor
mation about the therapeutic and toxicological potential of the
product.
(2) For biological medicinal products such as immunological medicinal
products and medicinal products derived from human blood or
plasma, the requirements of this Module may have to be adapted
for individual products; therefore the testing program carried out
shall be justified by the applicant.
In establishing the testing program, the following shall be taken
into consideration:
all tests requiring repeated administration of the product shall be
designed to take account of the possible induction of, and inter
ference by, antibodies;
examination of reproductive function, of embryo/foetal and peri-
natal toxicity, of mutagenic potential and of carcinogenic
potential shall be considered. Where constituents other than the
active substance(s) are incriminated, validation of their removal
may replace the study.
(3) The toxicology and pharmaco-kinetics of an excipient used for the
first time in the pharmaceutical field shall be investigated.
(4) Where there is a possibility of significant degradation during
storage of the medicinal product, the toxicology of degradation
products must be considered.
4.2.1. Pharmacology
Pharmacology study shall follow two distinct lines of approach.
— Firstly, the actions relating to the proposed therapeutic use shall be
adequately investigated and described. Where possible, recognised
and validated assays, both in vivo and in vitro, shall be used. Novel
experimental techniques must be described in such detail as to
allow them to be reproduced. The results shall be expressed in
quantitative terms using, for example, dose-effect curves, time-
effect curves, etc. Wherever possible, comparisons shall be made
with data relating to a substance or substances with a similar ther
apeutic action.
— Secondly, the applicant shall investigate the potential undesirable
pharmaco-dynamic effects of the substance on physiological
functions. These investigations shall be performed at exposures in
the anticipated therapeutic range and above. The experimental tech
niques, unless they are standard procedures, must be described in
such detail as to allow them to be reproduced, and the investigator
must establish their validity. Any suspected modification of
responses resulting from repeated administration of the substance
shall be investigated.
For the pharmaco-dynamic medicinal product interaction, tests on
combinations of active substances may be prompted either by pharma
cological premises or by indications of therapeutic effect. In the first
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case, the pharmaco-dynamic study shall demonstrate those interactions,
which might make the combination of value in therapeutic use. In the
second case, where scientific justification for the combination is sought
through therapeutic experimentation, the investigation shall determine
whether the effects expected from the combination can be demonstrated
in animals, and the importance of any collateral effects shall at least be
investigated.
4.2.2. Pharmaco-kinetics
Pharmaco-kinetics means the study of the fate of the active substance,
and its metabolites, within the organism, and covers the study of the
absorption, distribution, metabolism (bio-transformation) and excretion
of these substances.
The study of these different phases may be carried mainly by means of
physical, chemical or possibly by biological methods, and by obser
vation of the actual pharmaco-dynamic activity of the substance itself.
Information on distribution and elimination shall be necessary in all
cases where such data are indispensable to determine the dosage for
humans, and in respect of chemo-therapeutic substances (antibiotics,
etc.) and substances whose use depends on their non-pharmaco-
dynamic effects (e.g. numerous diagnostic agents, etc.).
In vitro studies also can be carried out with the advantage of using
human material for comparison with animal material (i.e. protein
binding, metabolism, drug-drug interaction).
Pharmaco-kinetic investigation of all pharmacologically active
substances is necessary. In the case of new combinations of known
substances, which have been investigated in accordance with the
provisions of this Directive, pharmaco-kinetic studies may not be
required, if the toxicity tests and therapeutic experimentation justify
their omission.
The pharmaco-kinetic program shall be design to allow comparison and
extrapolation between animal and human.
4.2.3. Toxicology
a) Single-dose toxicity
A single-dose toxicity test shall mean a qualitative and quantitative
study of the toxic reactions, which may result from a single admi
nistration of the active substance or substances contained in the
medicinal product, in the proportions and physico-chemical state
in which they are present in the actual product.
The single-dose toxicity test must be carried out in accordance with
the relevant guidelines published by the Agency.
b) Repeat-dose toxicity
Repeated dose toxicity tests are intended to reveal any physiological
and/or anatomo-pathological changes induced by repeated adminis
tration of the active substance or combination of active substances
under examination, and to determine how these changes are related
to dosage.
Generally, it is desirable that two tests be performed: one short
term, lasting two to four weeks, the other long-term. The duration
of the latter shall depend on the conditions of clinical use. Its
purpose is to describe potential adverse effects to which attention
should be paid in clinical studies. The duration is defined in the
relevant guidelines published by the Agency.
c) Geno-toxicity
The purposes of the study of mutagenic and clastogenic potential is
to reveal the changes which a substance may cause in the genetic
material of individuals or cells. Mutagenic substances may present a
hazard to health since exposure to a mutagen carries the risk of
inducing germ-line mutation, with the possibility of inherited
disorders, and the risk of somatic mutations including those
leading to cancer. These studies are obligatory for any new
substance.
d) Carcino-genicity
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Tests to reveal carcinogenic effects shall normally be required:
1. These studies shall be performed for any medicinal product

whose expected clinical use is for a prolonged period of a
patient's life, either continuously or repeatedly in an intermittent
manner.
2. These studies are recommended for some medicinal products if

there is concern about their carcinogenic potential, e.g. from
product of the same class or similar structure, or from
evidence in repeated dose toxicity studies.
3. Studies with unequivocally geno-toxic compounds are not

needed, as they are presumed to be trans-species carcinogens,
implying a hazard to humans. If such a medicinal product is
intended to be administered chronically to humans a chronic
study may be necessary to detect early tumorigenic effects.
e) Reproductive and developmental toxicity
Investigation of possible impairment of male or female reproductive

function as well as harmful effects on progeny shall be performed
by appropriate tests.
These tests comprise studies of effect on adult male or female

reproductive function, studies of the toxic and teratogenic effects
at all stages of development from conception to sexual maturity as
well as latent effects, when the medicinal product under investi
gation has been administered to the female during pregnancy.
Omission of these tests must be adequately justified.
Depending on the indicated use of the medicinal product, additional

studies addressing development when administering the medicinal
product of the offspring may be warranted.
Embryo/foetal toxicity studies shall normally be conducted on two

mammalian species, one of which shall be other than a rodent. Peri-
and postnatal studies shall be conducted in at least one species. If
the metabolism of a medicinal product in particular species is
known to be similar to that in man, it is desirable to include this
species. It is also desirable that one of the species is the same as in
the repeated dose toxicity studies.
The state of scientific knowledge at the time when the application is

lodged shall be taken into account when determining the study
design.
f) Local tolerance
The purpose of local tolerance studies is to ascertain whether

medicinal products (both active substances and excipients) are
tolerated at sites in the body, which may come into contact with
the medicinal product as a result of its administration in clinical use.
The testing strategy shall be such that any mechanical effects of
administration or purely physico-chemical actions of the product can
be distinguished from toxicological or pharmaco-dynamic ones.
Local tolerance testing shall be conducted with the preparation

being developed for human use, using the vehicle and/or excipients
in treating the control group(s). Positive controls/reference
substances shall be included where necessary.
The design of local tolerance tests (choice of species, duration,

frequency and route of administration, doses) will depend upon
the problem to be investigated and the proposed conditions of admi
nistration in clinical use. Reversibility of local lesions shall be
performed where relevant.
Studies in animals can be substituted by validated in vitro tests

provided that the test results are of comparable quality and
usefulness for the purpose of safety evaluation.
For chemicals applied to the skin (e.g. dermal, rectal, vaginal) the
sensitising potential shall be evaluated in at least one of the test
systems currently available (the guinea pig assay or the local lymph
node assay).
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5. MODULE 5: CLINICAL STUDY REPORTS
5.1. Format and Presentation
— Table of contents for clinical study reports
— Tabular listing of all clinical studies
— Clinical study reports
— Reports of Bio-pharmaceutical Studies
— Bio-availability Study Reports
— Comparative Bio-availability and Bio-equivalence Study
Reports
— In vitro — In vivo Correlation Study Report
— Reports of Bio-analytical and Analytical Methods
— Reports of Studies Pertinent to Pharmaco-kinetics Using
Human Bio-materials
— Plasma Protein Binding Study Reports
— Reports of Hepatic Metabolism and Interaction Studies
— Reports of Studies Using Other Human Bio-materials
— Reports of Human Pharmaco-kinetic Studies
— Healthy subjects Pharmaco-kinetics and Initial Tolerability
Study Reports
— Patient Pharmaco-kinetics and Initial Tolerability Study
Reports
— Intrinsic Factor Pharmaco-kinetics Study Reports
— Extrinsic Factor Pharmaco-kinetics Study Reports
— Population Pharmaco-kinetics Study Reports
— Reports of Human Pharmaco-dynamic Studies
— Healthy Subject Pharmaco-dynamic and Pharmaco-kinetic
s/Pharmaco-dynamic Study Reports
— Patient Pharmaco-dynamic and Pharmaco-kinetic
s/Pharmaco-dynamic Studies Study Reports
— Reports of Efficacy and Safety Studies
— Study Reports of Controlled Clinical Studies Pertinent to the
Claimed Indication
— Study Reports of Uncontrolled Clinical Studies
— Reports of Analyses of Data from More than One Study
including any formal integrated analyses, meta-analyses
and bridging analyses
— Other Study Reports
— Reports of Post-marketing Experience
— Literature references
a) The clinical particulars to be provided pursuant to Articles 8 (3) (i)
and 10 (1) must enable a sufficiently well-founded and scientifically
valid opinion to be formed as to whether the medicinal product
satisfies the criteria governing the granting of a marketing author
isation. Consequently, an essential requirement is that the results of
all clinical trials should be communicated, both favourable and
unfavourable.
b) Clinical trials must always be preceded by adequate pharmaco
logical and toxicological tests, carried out on animals in accordance
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with the requirements of Module 4 of this Annex. The investigator
must acquaint himself with the conclusions drawn from the phar
macological and toxicological studies and hence the applicant must
provide him at least with the investigator's brochure, consisting of
all the relevant information known prior to the onset of a clinical
trial including chemical, pharmaceutical and biological data, toxi
cological, pharmaco-kinetic and pharmaco-dynamic data in animals
and the results of earlier clinical trials, with adequate data to justify
the nature, scale and duration of the proposed trial; the complete
pharmacological and toxicological reports shall be provided on
request. For materials of human or animal origin, all available
means shall be employed to ensure safety from transmission of
infectious agents prior to the commencement of the trial.
c) Marketing authorisation holders must arrange for essential clinical

trial documents (including case report forms) other than subject's
medical files, to be kept by the owners of the data:
— for at least 15 years after completion or discontinuation of the

trial,
— or for at least two years after the granting of the last marketing
authorisation in the European Community and when there are
no pending or contemplated marketing applications in the
European Community,
— or for at least two years after formal discontinuation of clinical

development of the investigational product.
Subject's medical files should be retained in accordance with
applicable legislation and in accordance with the maximum
period of time permitted by the hospital, institution or private
practice.
The documents can be retained for a longer period, however, if

required by the applicable regulatory requirements or by
agreement with the sponsor. It is the responsibility of the sponsor
to inform the hospital, institution or practice as to when these
documents no longer need to be retained.
The sponsor or other owner of the data shall retain all other docu
mentation pertaining to the trial as long as the product is authorised.
This documentation shall include: the protocol including the
rationale, objectives and statistical design and methodology of the
trial, with conditions under which it is performed and managed, and
details of the investigational product, the reference medicinal
product and/or the placebo used; standard operating procedures;
all written opinions on the protocol and procedures; the investi
gator's brochure; case report forms on each trial subject; final
report; audit certificate(s), if available. The final report shall be
retained by the sponsor or subsequent owner, for five years after
the medicinal product is no longer authorised.
In addition for trials conducted within the European Community,
the marketing authorisation holder shall make any additional
arrangements for archiving of documentation in accordance with
the provisions of Directive 2001/20/EC and implementing detailed
guidelines.
Any change of ownership of the data shall be documented.

All data and documents shall be made available if requested by
relevant authorities.
d) The particulars of each clinical trial must contain sufficient detail to
allow an objective judgement to be made:
— the protocol, including the rationale, objectives and statistical

design and methodology of the trial, with conditions under
which it is performed and managed, and details of the investi
gational medicinal product used
— audit certificate(s), if available
— the list of investigator(s), and each investigator shall give his
name, address, appointments, qualifications and clinical duties,
state where the trial was carried out and assemble the infor
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mation in respect of each patient individually, including case
report forms on each trial subject
— final report signed by the investigator and for multi-centre trials,
by all the investigators or the co-ordinating (principal) inves
tigator.
e) The particulars of clinical trials referred to above shall be forwarded
to the competent authorities. However, in agreement with the
competent authorities, the applicant may omit part of this infor
mation. Complete documentation shall be provided forthwith
upon request.
The investigator shall, in his conclusions on the experimental
evidence, express an opinion on the safety of the product under
normal conditions of use, its tolerance, its efficacy and any useful
information relating to indications and contra-indications, dosage
and average duration of treatment as well as any special precautions
to be taken during treatment and the clinical symptoms of over
dosage. In reporting the results of a multi-centre study, the
principal investigator shall, in his conclusions, express an opinion
on the safety and efficacy of the investigational medicinal product
on behalf of all centres.
f) The clinical observations shall be summarised for each trial indi
cating:
1) the number and sex of subjects treated;
2) the selection and age-distribution of the groups of patients being
investigated and the comparative tests;
3) the number of patients withdrawn prematurely from the trials
and the reasons for such withdrawal;
4) where controlled trials were carried out under the above
conditions, whether the control group:
— received no treatment
— received a placebo
— received another medicinal product of known effect
— received treatment other than therapy using medicinal
products
5) the frequency of observed adverse reactions;
6) details concerning patients who may be at increased risk, e.g.
elderly people, children, women during pregnancy or
menstruation, or whose physiological or pathological condition
requires special consideration;
7) parameters or evaluation criteria of efficacy and the results in
terms of these parameters;
8) a statistical evaluation of the results when this is called for by
the design of the trials and the variable factors involved.
g) In addition, the investigator shall always indicate his observations
on:
1) any signs of habituation, addiction or difficulty in weaning
patients from the medicinal product;
2) any interactions that have been observed with other medicinal
products administered concomitantly;
3) the criteria determining exclusion of certain patients from the
trials;
4) any deaths which occurred during the trial or within the follow-
up period.
h) Particulars concerning a new combination of medicinal substances
must be identical to those required for new medicinal products and
must substantiate the safety and efficacy of the combination.
i) Total or partial omission of data must be explained. Should unex
pected results occur during the course of the trials, further pre
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clinical toxicological and pharmacological tests must be undertaken
and reviewed.
j) If the medicinal product is intended for long-term administration,

particulars shall be given of any modification of the pharmaco
logical action following repeated administration, as well as the
establishment of long-term dosage.
5.2.1. Reports of bio-pharmaceutics studies

Bio-availability study reports, comparative bio-availability, bio-
equivalence study reports, reports on in vitro and in vivo correlation
study, and bio-analytical and analytical methods shall be provided.
In addition, an assessment of bio-availability shall be undertaken where

necessary to demonstrate bio-equivalence for the medicinal products
referred to in Article 10 (1) (a).
5.2.2. Reports of studies pertinent to pharmaco-kinetics using human bio-

materials
For the purposes of this Annex, human bio-materials shall mean any
proteins, cells, tissues and related materials derived from human
sources that are used in vitro or ex vivo to assess pharmaco-kinetics
properties of drug substances.
In this respect, reports of plasma protein binding study, hepatic meta

bolism and active substance interaction studies and studies using other
human bio-materials shall be provided.
5.2.3. Reports of human pharmaco-kinetic studies

a) The following pharmaco-kinetic characteristics shall be described:
— absorption (rate and extent),
— distribution,
— metabolism,
— excretion.
Clinically significant features including the implication of the

kinetic data for the dosage regimen especially for patients at risk,
and differences between man and animal species used in the pre
clinical studies, shall be described.
In addition to standard multiple-sample pharmaco-kinetics studies,

population pharmaco-kinetics analyses based on sparse sampling
during clinical studies can also address questions about the contri
butions of intrinsic and extrinsic factors to the variability in the
dose- pharmaco-kinetics response relationship. Reports of
pharmaco-kinetic and initial tolerability studies in healthy subjects
and in patients, reports of pharmaco-kinetic studies to assess effects
of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and reports of population
pharmaco-kinetic studies shall be provided.
b) If the medicinal product is normally to be administered concomi

tantly with other medicinal products, particulars shall be given of
joint administration tests performed to demonstrate possible modi
fication of the pharmacological action.
Pharmaco-kinetic interactions between the active substance and

other medicinal products or substances shall be investigated.
5.2.4. Reports of human pharmaco-dynamic studies

a) The pharmaco-dynamic action correlated to the efficacy shall be
demonstrated including:
— the dose-response relationship and its time course,
— justification for the dosage and conditions of administration,
— the mode of action, if possible.
The pharmaco-dynamic action not related to efficacy shall be

described.
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The demonstration of pharmaco-dynamic effects in human beings
shall not in itself be sufficient to justify conclusions regarding any
particular potential therapeutic effect.
b) If the medicinal product is normally to be administered concomi
tantly with other medicinal products, particulars shall be given of
joint administration tests performed to demonstrate possible modi
fication of the pharmacological action.
Pharmaco-dynamic interactions between the active substance and
other medicinal products or substances shall be investigated.
5.2.5. Reports of efficacy and safety studies
5.2.5.1. S t u d y R e p o r t s o f C o n t r o l l e d C l i n i c a l Studies
Pertinent to the Claimed Indication
In general, clinical trials shall be done as ‘controlled clinical trials’ if
possible, randomised and as appropriate versus placebo and versus an
established medicinal product of proven therapeutic value; any other
design shall be justified. The treatment of the control groups will vary
from case to case and also will depend on ethical considerations and
therapeutic area; thus it may, in some instances, be more pertinent to
compare the efficacy of a new medicinal product with that of an
established medicinal product of proven therapeutic value rather than
with the effect of a placebo.
(1) As far as possible, and particularly in trials where the effect of the
product cannot be objectively measured, steps shall be taken to
avoid bias, including methods of randomisation and blinding.
(2) The protocol of the trial must include a thorough description of the
statistical methods to be employed, the number and reasons for
inclusion of patients (including calculations of the power of the
trial), the level of significance to be used and a description of
the statistical unit. Measures taken to avoid bias, particularly
methods of randomisation, shall be documented. Inclusion of a
large number of subjects in a trial must not be regarded as an
adequate substitute for a properly controlled trial.
The safety data shall be reviewed taking into account guidelines
published by the Commission, with particular attention to events
resulting in changes of dose or need for concomitant medication,
serious adverse events, events resulting in withdrawal, and deaths.
Any patients or patient groups at increased risk shall be identified
and particular attention paid to potentially vulnerable patients who
may be present in small numbers, e.g., children, pregnant women,
frail elderly, people with marked abnormalities of metabolism or
excretion etc. The implication of the safety evaluation for the
possible uses of the medicinal product shall be described.
5.2.5.2. S t u d y r e p o r t s o f u n c o n t r o l l e d c l i n i c a l s t u d i e s
reports of analyses of data from more than one
study and other clinical study reports
These reports shall be provided.
5.2.6. Reports of post-marketing experience
If the medicinal product is already authorised in third countries, infor
mation shall be given in respect of adverse reactions of the medicinal
product concerned and medicinal products containing the same active
substance(s), in relation to the usage rates if possible.
5.2.7. Case reports forms and individual patient listings
When submitted in accordance with the relevant Guideline published
by the Agency, case report forms and individual patient data listings
shall be provided and presented in the same order as the clinical study
reports and indexed by study.
PART II
SPECIFIC MARKETING AUTHORISATION DOSSIERS AND
REQUIREMENTS
Some medicinal products present specific features which are such that all the
requirements of the marketing authorisation application dossier as laid down in
Part I of this Annex need to be adapted. To take account of these particular
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situations, an appropriate and adapted presentation of the dossier shall be
followed by applicants.
1. WELL-ESTABLISHED MEDICINAL USE
For medicinal products the active substance(s) of which has/have a
‘well-established medicinal use’ as referred to Article 10(1)(a)(ii),
with recognised efficacy and an acceptable level of safety, the
following specific rules shall apply.
The applicant shall submit Modules 1, 2 and 3 as described in part I of
this Annex.
For Modules 4 and 5, a detailed scientific bibliography shall address
non-clinical and clinical characteristics.
The following specific rules shall apply in order to demonstrate the
well-established medicinal use:
a) Factors which have to be taken into account in order to establish a
well-established medicinal use of constituents of medicinal
products are:
— the time over which a substance has been used,
— quantitative aspects of the use of the substance,
— the degree of scientific interest in the use of the substance
(reflected in the published scientific literature) and
— the coherence of scientific assessments.
Therefore different periods of time may be necessary for estab
lishing well-established use of different substances. In any case,
however, the period of time required for establishing a well estab
lished medicinal use of a constituent of a medicinal product must
not be less than one decade from the first systematic and docu
mented use of that substance as a medicinal product in the
Community.
b) The documentation submitted by the applicant should cover all
aspects of the safety and/or efficacy assessment and must include
or refer to a review of the relevant literature, taking into account
pre- and post-marketing studies and published scientific literature
concerning experience in the form of epidemiological studies and
in particular of comparative epidemiological studies. All documen
tation, both favourable and unfavourable, must be communicated.
With respect to the provisions on ‘well-established medicinal use’
it is in particular necessary to clarify that ‘bibliographic reference’
to other sources of evidence (post marketing studies, epidemio
logical studies, etc.) and not just data related to tests and trials
may serve as a valid proof of safety and efficacy of a product if
an application explains and justifies the use of these sources of
information satisfactorily.
c) Particular attention must be paid to any missing information and
justification must be given why demonstration of an acceptable
level of safety and/or efficacy can be supported although some
studies are lacking.
d) The non-clinical and/or clinical overviews must explain the
relevance of any data submitted which concern a product
different from the product intended for marketing. A judgement
must be made whether the product studied can be considered as
similar to the product, for which application for a marketing auth
orisation has been made in spite of the existing differences.
e) Post-marketing experience with other products containing the same
constituents is of particular importance and applicants should put a
special emphasis on this issue.
2. ESSENTIALLY SIMILAR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
a) Applications based upon Article 10(1) (a) (i) (essentially similar
products) shall contain the data described in Modules 1, 2 and 3
of Part I of this Annex provided the applicant has been granted the
consent of the holder of the original marketing authorisation to cross
refer to the content of his Modules 4 and 5.
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b) Applications based upon Article 10(1) (a) (iii) (essentially similar
products i.e. generics) shall contain the data described in Modules 1,
2 and 3 of Part I of this Annex together with data showing bio-
availability and bio-equivalence with the original medicinal product
provided the latter is not a biological medicinal product (see Part II,
4 Similar biological medicinal products).
For these products the non-clinical/clinical overviews/summaries shall
particularly focus on the following elements:
— the grounds for claiming essential similarity;
— a summary of impurities present in batches of the active
substance(s) as well as those of the finished medicinal product
(and where relevant decomposition products arising during
storage) as proposed for use in the product to be marketed
together with an evaluation of these impurities;
— an evaluation of the bio-equivalence studies or a justification why
studies were not performed with respect to the guideline on ‘Inves
tigation of Bio-availability and Bio-equivalence’;
— an update of published literature relevant to the substance and the
present application. It may be acceptable for articles in ‘peer
review’ journals to be annotated for this purpose;
— every claim in the summary of product characteristics not known
from or inferred from the properties of the medicinal product and/or
its therapeutic group should be discussed in the non clinical/clinical
overviews/summaries and substantiated by published literature
and/or additional studies.
— if applicable, additional data in order to demonstrate evidence on
the equivalence of safety and efficacy properties of different salts,
esters or derivatives of an authorised active substance should be
provided by the applicant when he claims essential similarity.
3. ADDITIONAL DATA REQUIRED IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS
Where the active substance of an essentially similar medicinal product
contains the same therapeutic moiety as the original authorised product
associated with a different salt/ester complex/derivative evidence that
there is no change in the pharmaco-kinetics of the moiety, pharmaco-
dynamics and/or in toxicity which could change the safety/efficacy
profile shall be demonstrated. Should this not be the case, this associ
ation shall be considered as a new active substance.
Where a medicinal product is intended for a different therapeutic use or
presented in a different pharmaceutical form or to be administered by
different routes or in different doses or with a different posology, the
results of appropriate toxicological and pharmacological tests and/or of
clinical trials shall be provided.
4. SIMILAR BIOLOGICAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
The provisions of Article 10(1)(a) (iii) may not be sufficient in the case
of biological medicinal products. If the information required in the case
of essentially similar products (generics) does not permit the demon
stration of the similar nature of two biological medicinal products,
additional data, in particular, the toxicological and clinical profile
shall be provided.
When a biological medicinal product as defined in Part I, paragraph 3.2
of this Annex, which refers to an original medicinal product having
been granted a marketing authorisation in the Community, is submitted
for a marketing authorisation by an independent applicant after the
expiry of data protection period, the following approach shall be
applied.
— Information to be supplied shall not be limited to Modules 1, 2
and 3 (pharmaceutical, chemical and biological data), supplemented
with bio-equivalence and bio-availability data. The type and amount
of additional data (i.e. toxicological and other non-clinical and
appropriate clinical data) shall be determined on a case by case
basis in accordance with relevant scientific guidelines.
— Due to the diversity of biological medicinal products, the need for
identified studies foreseen in Modules 4 and 5, shall be required by
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the competent authority, taking into account the specific charac
teristic of each individual medicinal product.
The general principles to be applied are addressed in a guideline taking

into account the characteristics of the concerned biological medicinal
product published by the Agency. In case the originally authorised
medicinal product has more than one indication, the efficacy and
safety of the medicinal product claimed to be similar has to be
justified or, if necessary, demonstrated separately for each of the
claimed indications.
5. FIXED COMBINATION MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

Applications based upon Article 10 (1) (b) shall relate to new medicinal
products made of at least two active substances not previously
authorised as a fixed combination medicinal product.
For those applications a full dossier (Modules 1 to 5) shall be provided

for the fixed combination medicinal product. Where applicable, infor
mation regarding the manufacturing sites and the adventitious agents,
safety evaluation shall be provided.
6. DOCUMENTATION FOR APPLICATIONS IN EXCEPTIONAL

CIRCUMSTANCES
When, as provided for in Article 22, the applicant can show that he is
unable to provide comprehensive data on the efficacy and safety under
normal conditions of use, because:
— the indications for which the product in question is intended are

encountered so rarely that the applicant cannot reasonably be
expected to provide comprehensive evidence, or
— in the present state of scientific knowledge, comprehensive infor

mation cannot be provided, or
— it would be contrary to generally accepted principles of medical

ethics to collect such information,
marketing authorisation may be granted subject to certain specific obli

gations.
These obligations may include the following:
— the applicant shall complete an identified programme of studies

within a time period specified by the competent authority, the
results of which shall form the basis of a reassessment of the
benefit/risk profile,
— the medicinal product in question may be supplied on medical

prescription only and may in certain cases be administered only
under strict medical supervision, possibly in a hospital and in the
case of a radio-pharmaceutical, by an authorised person,
— the package leaflet and any medical information shall draw the
attention of the medical practitioner to the fact that the particulars
available concerning the medicinal product in question are as yet
inadequate in certain specified respects.
7. MIXED MARKETING AUTHORISATION APPLICATIONS

Mixed marketing-authorisation applications shall mean marketing-auth
orisation application dossiers where Module 4 and/or 5 consists of a
combination of reports of limited non-clinical and/or clinical studies
carried out by the applicant and of bibliographical references. All other
Module(s) are in accordance with the structure described in Part I of
this Annex. The competent authority shall accept the proposed format
presented by the applicant on a case by case basis.
PART III
PARTICULAR MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
This Part lays down specific requirements related to the nature of identified
medicinal products.
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1. BIOLOGICAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
1.1. Plasma-derived medicinal product
For medicinal products derived from human blood or plasma and by
derogation from the provisions of Module 3, the dossier requirements
mentioned in ‘Information related to the starting and raw materials’, for
starting materials made of human blood/plasma may be replaced by a
Plasma Master File certified in accordance with this Part.
a) P r i n c i p l e s
For the purposes of this Annex:
— Plasma Master File shall mean a stand-alone documentation, which

is separate from the dossier for marketing authorisation which
provides all relevant detailed information on the characteristics of
the entire human plasma used as a starting material and/or a raw
material for the manufacture of sub/intermediate fractions, consti
tuents of the excipient and active substance(s), which are part of
medicinal products or medical devices referred to in Directive
2000/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of
16 November 2000 amending Council Directive 93/42/EC as
regards medical devices incorporating stable derivatives of human
blood or human plasma (1).
— Every centre or establishment for fractionation/processing of human

plasma shall prepare and keep updated the set of detailed relevant
information referred to in the Plasma Master File.
— The Plasma Master File shall be submitted to the Agency or to the

competent authority by the applicant for a marketing authorisation
or the holder of the marketing authorisation. Where the applicant
for a marketing authorisation or the marketing authorisation holder
differs from the holder of the Plasma Master File, the Plasma
Master File shall be made available to the applicant or marketing
authorisation holder for submission to the competent authority. In
any case, the applicant or marketing authorisation holder shall take
responsibility for the medicinal product.
— The competent authority that is evaluating the marketing authoris

ation shall await for the Agency to issue the certificate before
deciding on the application.
— Any marketing authorisation dossier containing a human plasma-

derived constituent shall refer to the Plasma Master File corre
sponding to the plasma used as a starting/raw material.
b) C o n t e n t
In accordance with the provisions of Article 109, as amended by
Directive 2002/98/EC, which refers to the requirements for donors
and the testing of donations, the Plasma Master File shall include
information on the plasma used as starting/raw material, in particular:
(1) Plasma origin
(i) information on centres or establishments in which blood/

plasma collection is carried out, including inspection and
approval, and epidemiological data on blood transmissible
infections.
(ii) information on centres or establishments in which testing of

donations and plasma pools is carried out, including inspection
and approval status.
(iii) selection/exclusion criteria for blood/plasma donors.
(iv) system in place which enables the path taken by each donation
to be traced from the blood/plasma collection establishment
through to finished products and vice versa.
(2) Plasma quality and safety
(i) compliance with European Pharmacopoeia Monographs.
(1) OJ L 313, 13.12.2000, p. 22.

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(ii) testing of blood/plasma donations and pools for infectious
agents, including information on test methods and, in the
case of plasma pools, validation data on the tests used.
(iii) technical characteristics of bags for blood and plasma

collection, including information on anticoagulants solutions
used.
(iv) conditions of storage and transport of plasma.
(v) procedures for any inventory hold and/or quarantine period.
(vi) characterisation of the plasma pool.
(3) System in place between the plasma-derived medicinal product

manufacturer and/or plasma fractionator/processor on the one
hand, and blood/plasma collection and testing centres or estab
lishments on the other hand, which defines the conditions of
their interaction and their agreed specifications.
In addition, the Plasma Master File shall provide a list of the

medicinal products for which the Plasma Master File is valid,
whether the medicinal products have been granted a marketing
authorisation or are in the process of being granted such an auth
orisation, including medicinal products referred to in Article 2 of
Directive 2001/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the
Council relating to the implementation of good clinical practice
in the conduct of clinical trials on medicinal products for human
use.
c) E v a l u a t i o n a n d C e r t i f i c a t i o n
— For medicinal products not yet authorised, the marketing authoris
ation applicant shall submit a full dossier to a competent authority,
which shall be accompanied by a separate Plasma Master File
where one does not already exist.
— The Plasma Master File is subject to a scientific and technical

evaluation carried out by the Agency. A positive evaluation shall
result in a certificate of compliance with Community legislation for
the Plasma Master File, which shall be accompanied by the
evaluation report. The certificate issued shall apply throughout the
Community.
— The Plasma Master File shall be updated and re-certified on an

annual basis.
— Changes subsequently introduced to the terms of a Plasma Master

File must follow evaluation procedure laid down by Commission
Regulation (EC) No 542/95 (1) concerning the examination of
variations to the terms of a marketing authorisation falling within
the scope of Council regulation (EEC) No 2309/93 of 22 July 1993
laying down Community procedures for the authorisation and
supervision of medicinal products for human and veterinary use
and establishing a European Agency for the Evaluation of
Medicinal Products (2). Conditions for the assessment of these
changes are laid down by Regulation (EC) No 1085/2003.
— As a second step to the provisions in the first, second, third and

fourth indents, the competent authority that will grant or has
granted the marketing authorisation shall take into account the
certification, re-certification or variation of the Plasma Master File
on the concerned medicinal product(s).
— By derogation from the provisions of the second indent of the

present point (evaluation and certification), where a Plasma
Master File corresponds only to blood/plasma-derived medicinal
products the marketing authorisation of which is restricted to a
single Member State, the scientific and technical evaluation of the
said Plasma Master File shall be carried out by the national
competent authority of that Member State.
(1) OJ L 55, 11.3.1995, p. 15.

(2) OJ L 214, 24.8.1993, p. 1.
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1.2. Vaccines
For vaccines for human use and by derogation from the provisions of
Module 3 on ‘Active substance(s)’, the following requirements when
based on the use of a Vaccine Antigen Master File system shall apply.
The marketing authorisation application dossier of a vaccine other than
human influenza vaccine, shall be required to include a Vaccine
Antigen Master File for every vaccine antigen that is an active
substance of this vaccine.
a) P r i n c i p l e s
For the purposes of this Annex:
— Vaccine Antigen Master File shall mean a stand-alone part of the
marketing authorisation application dossier for a vaccine, which
contains all relevant information of biological, pharmaceutical and
chemical nature concerning each of the active substances, which are
part of this medicinal product. The stand-alone part may be
common to one or more monovalent and/or combined vaccines
presented by the same applicant or marketing authorisation holder.
— A vaccine may contain one or several distinct vaccine antigens.
There are as many active substance(s) as vaccine antigen(s)
present in a vaccine.
— A combined vaccine contains at least two distinct vaccine antigens
aimed at preventing a single or several infectious diseases.
— A monovalent vaccine is a vaccine, which contains one vaccine
antigen aimed at preventing a single infectious disease.
b) C o n t e n t
The Vaccine Antigen Master File shall contain the following infor
mation extracted from the relevant part (Active substance) of
Module 3 on ‘Quality Data’ as delineated in Part I of this Annex:
Active Substance
1. General Information, including compliance with the relevant mono
graph(s) of the European Pharmacopoeia.
2. Information on the manufacture of the active substance: this heading
must cover the manufacturing process, information on the starting
and raw materials, specific measures on TSEs and adventitious
agents safety evaluation and facilities and equipment.
3. Characterisation of the active substance
4. Quality control of the active substance
5. Reference standard and materials
6. Container and closure system of the active substance
7. Stability of the active substance.
c) E v a l u a t i o n a n d C e r t i f i c a t i o n
— For novel vaccines, which contain a novel vaccine antigen, the
applicant shall submit to a competent authority a full marketing-
authorisation application dossier including all the Vaccine Antigen
Master Files corresponding to each single vaccine antigen that is
part of the novel vaccine where no master file already exists for the
single vaccine antigen. A scientific and technical evaluation of each
Vaccine Antigen Master File shall be carried out by the Agency. A
positive evaluation shall result in a certificate of compliance to the
European legislation for each Vaccine Antigen Master File, which
shall be accompanied by the evaluation report. The certificate shall
apply throughout the Community.
— The provisions of the first indent shall also apply to every vaccine,
which consists of a novel combination of vaccine antigens, irre
spective of whether or not one or more of these vaccine antigens
are part of vaccines already authorised in the Community.
— Changes to the content of a Vaccine Antigen Master File for a
vaccine authorised in the Community shall be subject to a scientific
and technical evaluation carried out by the Agency in accordance
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with the procedure laid down in Commission Regulation (EC)
No 1085/2003. In the case of a positive evaluation the Agency
shall issue a certificate of compliance with Community legislation
for the Vaccine Antigen Master File. The certificate issued shall
apply throughout the Community.
— By derogation from the provisions of the first, second and third
indents of the present point (evaluation and certification), where a
Vaccine Antigen Master File corresponds only to a vaccine which
is the subject of a marketing authorisation which has not been/will
not be granted according to a Community procedure, and, provided
the authorised vaccine includes vaccine antigens which have not
been evaluated through a Community procedure, the scientific and
technical evaluation of the said Vaccine Antigen Master File and its
subsequent changes, shall be carried out by the national competent
authority that has granted the marketing authorisation.
— As a second step to the provisions in the first, second, third and
fourth indents, the competent authority that will grant or has
granted the marketing authorisation shall take into account the
certification, re-certification or variation of the Vaccine Antigen
Master File on the concerned medicinal product(s).
2. RADIO-PHARMACEUTICALS AND PRECURSORS
2.1. Radio-pharmaceuticals
For the purposes of this chapter, applications based upon Articles 6 (2)
and 9 shall provide a full dossier in which the following specific details
shall be included:
Module 3
a) In the context of a radio-pharmaceutical kit, which is to be radio-
labelled after supply by the manufacturer, the active substance is
considered to be that part of the formulation which is intended to
carry or bind the radio-nuclide. The description of the manufac
turing method of radio-pharmaceutical kits shall include details of
the manufacture of the kit and details of its recommended final
processing to produce the radioactive medicinal product. The
necessary specifications of the radio-nuclide shall be described in
accordance, where relevant, with the general monograph or specific
monographs of the European Pharmacopoeia . In addition, any
compounds essential for the radio-labelling shall be described.
The structure of the radio-labelled compound shall also be
described.
For radio-nuclides, the nuclear reactions involved shall be
discussed.
In a generator, both mother and daughter radio-nuclides shall be
considered as active substances.
b) Details of the nature of the radio-nuclide, the identity of the isotope,
likely impurities, the carrier, the use and the specific activity shall
be provided.
c) Starting materials include irradiation target materials.
d) Considerations on chemical/radiochemical purity and its rela
tionship to bio-distribution shall be provided.
e) Radio-nuclide purity, radiochemical purity and specific activity
shall be described.
f) For generators, details on the testing for mother and daughter radio-
nuclides are required. For generator-eluates, tests for mother radio-
nuclides and for other constituents of the generator system shall be
provided.
g) The requirement to express the content of active substances in
terms of the mass of active entities shall onlyapply to radio-phar
maceutical kits. For radio-nuclides, radioactivity shall be expressed
in Becquerels at a given date and, if necessary, time with reference
to time zone. The type of radiation shall be indicated.
h) For kits, the specifications of the finished product shall include tests
on performance of products after radio-labelling. Appropriate
controls on radiochemical and radio-nuclidic purity of the radio-
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labelled compound shall be included. Any material essential for
radio-labelling shall be identified and assayed.
i) Information on stability shall be given for radio-nuclide generators,

radio-nuclide kits and radio-labelled products. The stability during
use of radio-pharmaceuticals in multi-dose vials shall be docu
mented.
Module 4
It is appreciated that toxicity may be associated with a radiation dose.
In diagnosis, this is a consequence of the use of radio-pharmaceuticals;
in therapy, it is the property desired. The evaluation of safety and
efficacy of radio-pharmaceuticals shall, therefore, address requirements
for medicinal products and radiation dosimetry aspects. Organ/tissue
exposure to radiation shall be documented. Absorbed radiation dose
estimates shall be calculated according to a specified, internationally
recognised system by a particular route of administration.
Module 5
The results of clinical trials shall be provided where applicable
otherwise justified in the clinical overviews.
2.2. Radio-pharmaceutical precursors for radio-labelling purposes

In the specific case of a radio-pharmaceutical precursor intended solely
for radio-labelling purposes, the primary objective shall be to present
information which would address the possible consequences of poor
radio-labeling efficiency or in vivo dissociation of the radio-labeled
conjugate, i.e. questions related to the effects produced in the patient
by free radio-nuclide. In addition, it is also necessary to present
relevant information relating to occupational hazards, i.e. radiation
exposure to hospital staff and to the environment.
In particular, the following information where applicable shall be

provided:
Module 3
The provisions of Module 3 shall apply to the registration of radio-
pharmaceutical precursors as define above (indents a) to i)), where
applicable.
Module 4
Concerning single dose and repeat dose toxicity, the results of studies
carried out in conformity with the provisions related to good laboratory
practice laid down in Council Directives 87/18/EEC and 88/320/EEC
shall be provided, unless otherwise justified.
Mutagenicity studies on the radio-nuclide are not considered to be

useful in this particular case.
Information relating to the chemical toxicity and disposition of the

relevant ‘cold’ nuclide shall be presented.
Module 5
Clinical information generated from clinical studies using on the
precursor itself is not considered to be relevant in the specific case
of a radio-pharmaceutical precursor intended solely for radio-labelling
purposes.
However, information demonstrating the clinical utility of the radio-

pharmaceutical precursor when attached to relevant carrier molecules
shall be presented.
3. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

This section sets out specific provisions on the application of
Modules 3 and 4 to homeopathic medicinal products as defined in
Article 1(5).
Module 3
The provisions of Module 3 shall apply to the documents submitted in
accordance with Article 15 in the simplified registration of homeo
pathic medicinal products referred to in Article 14(1) as well as to
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the documents for authorisation of other homeopathic medicinal
products referred to in Article 16(1) with the following modifications.
a) Terminology
The Latin name of the homeopathic stock described in the
marketing authorisation application dossier must be in accordance
with the Latin title of the European Pharmacopoeia or, in absence
thereof, by an official pharmacopoeia of a Member State. Where
relevant the traditional name(s) used in each Member State shall be
provided.
b) Control of starting materials
The particulars and documents on the starting materials, i.e. all of
the materials used including raw materials and intermediates up to
the final dilution to be incorporated into the finished medicinal
product, accompanying the application shall be supplemented by
additional data on the homeopathic stock.
The general quality requirements shall apply to all of the starting
and raw materials as well as intermediate steps of the manufac
turing process up to the final dilution to be incorporated into the
finished medicinal product. If possible, an assay is required if toxic
components are present and if the quality cannot be controlled on
final dilution to be incorporated because of the high dilution degree.
Every step of the manufacturing process from the starting materials
up to the final dilution to be incorporated into the finished
medicinal product must be fully described.
In case dilutions are involved, these dilution steps should be done
in accordance with the homeopathicmanufacturing methods laid
down in the relevant monograph of the European Pharmacopoeia
or, in absence thereof, by an official pharmacopoeia of a Member
State.
c) Control tests on the finished medicinal product
The general quality requirements shall apply to the homeopathic
finished medicinal products, any exception needs to be duly
justified by the applicant.
Identification and assay of all the toxicologically relevant consti
tuents shall be carried out. If it can be justified that an identification
and/or an assay on all the toxicologically relevant constituents is
not possible e.g. due to their dilution in the finished medicinal
product the quality shall be demonstrated by complete validation
of the manufacturing and dilution process.
d) Stability tests
The stability of the finished medicinal product must be demon
strated. Stability data from the homeopathic stocks are generally
transferable to dilutions/triturations obtained thereof. If no identifi
cation or assay of the active substance is possible due to the degree
of dilution, stability data of the pharmaceutical form may be
considered.
Module 4
The provisions of Module 4 shall apply to the simplified registration of
homeopathic medicinal products referred to in Article 14(1) with the
following specifications.
Any missing information must be justified, e.g., justification must be
given why demonstration of an acceptable level of safety can be
supported although some studies are lacking.
4. HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
Applications for herbal medicinal products shall provide a full dossier
in which the following specific details shall be included.
Module 3
The provisions of Module 3, including compliance with monograph(s)
of the European Pharmacopoeia, shall apply to the authorisation of
herbal medicinal products. The state of scientific knowledge at the
time when the application is lodged shall be taken into account.
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The following aspects specific to herbal medicinal products shall be
considered:
(1) Herbal substances and herbal preparations
For the purposes of this Annex the terms ‘herbal substances and
preparations’ shall be considered equivalent to the terms ‘herbal
drugs and herbal drug preparations’, as defined in the European Phar
macopoeia.
With respect to the nomencRlature of the herbal substance, the
binomial scientific name of plant (genus, species, variety and author),
and chemotype (where applicable), the parts of the plants, the definition
of the herbal substance, the other names (synonyms mentioned in other
Pharmacopoeias) and the laboratory code shall be provided.
With respect to the nomenclature of the herbal preparation, the
binomial scientific name of plant (genus, species, variety and author),
and chemotype (where applicable), the parts of the plants, the definition
of the herbal preparation, the ratio of the herbal substance to the herbal
preparation, the extraction solvent(s), the other names (synonyms
mentioned in other Pharmacopoeias) and the laboratory code shall be
provided.
To document the section of the structure for herbal substance(s) and
herbal preparation(s) where applicable, the physical form, the
description of the constituents with known therapeutic activity or
markers (molecular formula, relative molecular mass, structural
formula, including relative and absolute stereo-chemistry, the
molecular formula, and the relative molecular mass) as well as other
constituent(s) shall be provided.
To document the section on the manufacturer of the herbal substance,
the name, address, and responsibility of each supplier, including
contractors, and each proposed site or facility involved in production/
collection and testing of the herbal substance shall be provided, where
appropriate.
To document the section on the manufacturer of the herbal preparation,
the name, address, and responsibility of each manufacturer, including
contractors, and each proposed manufacturing site or facility involved
in manufacturing and testing of the herbal preparation shall be
provided, where appropriate.
With respect to the description of manufacturing process and process
controls for the herbal substance, information shall be provided to
adequately describe the plant production and plant collection,
including the geographical source of the medicinal plant and culti
vation, harvesting, drying and storage conditions.
With respect to the description of manufacturing process and process
controls for the herbal preparation, information shall be provided to
adequately describe the manufacturing process of the herbal
preparation, including description of the processing, solvents and
reagents, purification stages and standardisation.
With respect to the manufacturing process development, a brief
summary describing the development of the herbal substance(s) and
herbal preparation(s) where applicable shall be provided, taking into
consideration the proposed route of administration and usage. Results
comparing the phyto-chemical composition of the herbal substance(s)
and herbal preparation(s) where applicable used in supporting biblio
graphic data and the herbal substance(s) and herbal preparation(s),
where applicable, contained as active substance(s) in the herbal
medicinal product applied for shall be discussed, where appropriate.
With respect to the elucidation of the structure and other characteristics
of the herbal substance, information on the botanical, macroscopical,
microscopical, phyto-chemical characterisation, and biological activity
if necessary, shall be provided.
With respect to the elucidation of the structure and other characteristics
of the herbal preparation, information on the phyto- and physico
chemical characterisation, and biological activity if necessary, shall
be provided.
The specifications for the herbal substance(s) and herbal preparation(s)
where applicable shall be provided.
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The analytical procedures used for testing the herbal substance(s) and
herbal preparation(s) where applicable shall be provided.
With respect to the validation of analytical procedures, analytical vali
dation information, including experimental data for the analytical
procedures used for testing the herbal substance(s) and herbal
preparation(s) where applicable shall be provided.
With respect to batch analyses, description of batches and results of
batch analyses for the herbal substance(s) and herbal preparation(s)
where applicable shall be provided, including those for pharmacopoeial
substances.
Justification for the specifications of the herbal substance(s) and herbal
preparation(s) where applicable shall be provided.
Information on the reference standards or reference materials used for
testing of the herbal substance(s) and herbal preparation(s) where
applicable shall be provided.
Where the herbal substance or the herbal preparation is the subject of a
monograph, the applicant can apply for a certificate of suitability that
was granted by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines.
(2) Herbal Medicinal Products
With respect to the formulation development, a brief summary
describing the development of the herbal medicinal product should
be provided, taking into consideration the proposed route of adminis
tration and usage. Results comparing the phyto-chemical composition
of the products used in supporting bibliographic data and the herbal
medicinal product applied for shall be discussed, where appropriate.
5. ORPHAN MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
— In the case of an orphan medicinal product in the meaning of
Regulation (EC) No 141/2000, general provisions of Part II-6
(exceptional circumstances) can be applied. The applicant shall
then justify in the non-clinical and clinical summaries the reasons
for which it is not possible to provide the complete information and
shall provide a justification of the benefit/risk balance for the
orphan medicinal product concerned.
— When an applicant for an marketing authorisation for an orphan
medicinal product invokes the provisions of Article 10 (1)(a)(ii) and
Part II-1 of this Annex (well-established medicinal use), the
systematic and documented use of the concerned substance can
refer — as way of derogation — to the use of that substance in
accordance with the provisions of Article 5 of this Directive.
PART IV
ADVANCED THERAPY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
Advanced therapy medicinal products are based on manufacturing processes
focussed on various gene transfer-produced bio-molecules, and/or biologically
advanced therapeutic modified cells as active substances or part of active
substances.
For those medicinal products the presentation of the Marketing Authorisation
application dossier shall fulfil the format requirements as described in Part I of
this Annex.
Modules 1 to 5 shall apply. For Genetically Modified Organisms deliberate
release in the environment, attention shall be paid to the persistence of the
Genetically Modified Organisms in the recipient and to the possible replication
and/or modification of the Genetically Modified Organisms when released in the
environment. The information concerning the environmental risk should appear
in the Annex to Module 1.
1. GENE THERAPY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (HUMAN AND
XENOGENEIC)
For the purposes of this Annex, gene therapy medicinal product shall
mean a product obtained through a set of manufacturing processes
aimed at the transfer, to be performed either in vivo or ex vivo, of a
prophylactic, diagnostic or therapeutic gene (i.e. a piece of nucleic
acid), to human/animal cells and its subsequent expression in vivo.
The gene transfer involves an expression system contained in a
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delivery system known as a vector, which can be of viral, as well as
non-viral origin. The vector can also be included in a human or animal
cell.
1.1. Diversity of gene therapy medicinal products
a) Gene therapy medicinal products based on allogeneic or xeno
geneic cells
The vector is ready-prepared and stored before its transfer into the
host cells.
The cells have been obtained previously and may be processed as a
cell bank (bank collection or bank established from procurement of
primary cells) with a limited viability.
The cells genetically modified by the vector represent an active
substance.
Additional steps may be carried out in order to obtain the finished
product. By essence, such a medicinal product is intended to be
administered to a certain number of patients.
b) Gene therapy medicinal products using autologous human cells
The active substance is a batch of ready-prepared vector stored
before its transfer into the autologous cells.
medicinal product.
Those products are prepared from cells obtained from an individual
patient. The cells are then genetically modified using a ready-
prepared vector containing the appropriate gene that has been
prepared in advance and that constitutes the active substance.
The preparation is re-injected into the patient and is by definition
intended to a single patient. The whole manufacturing process from
the collection of the cells from the patient up to the re-injection to
the patient shall be considered as one intervention.
c) Administration of ready-prepared vectors with inserted (prophy
lactic, diagnostic or therapeutic) genetic material
The active substance is a batch of ready-prepared vector.
medicinal product. This type of medicinal product is intended to be
administered to several patients.
Transfer of genetic material may be carried out by direct injection
of the ready-prepared vector to the recipients.
1.2. Specific requirements regarding Module 3
Gene therapy medicinal products include:
— naked nucleic acid
— complex nucleic acid or non viral vectors
— viral vectors
— genetically modified cells
As for other medicinal products, one can identify the three main
elements of the manufacturing process, i.e.:
— starting materials: materials from which the active substance is
manufactured such as, gene of interest, expression plasmids, cell
banks and virus stocks or non viral vector;
— active substance: recombinant vector, virus, naked or complex
plasmids, virus producing cells, in vitro genetically modified cells;
— finished medicinal product: active substance formulated in its final
immediate container for the intended medical use. Depending on
the type of gene therapy medicinal product, the route of adminis
tration and conditions of use may necessitate an ex vivo treatment
of the cells of the patient (see 1.1.b).
A special attention shall be paid to the following items:
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a) Information shall be provided on the relevant characteristics of the
gene therapy medicinal product including its expression in the target
cell population. Information concerning the source, construction,
characterisation and verification of the encoding gene sequence
including its integrity and stability shall be provided. Apart from
therapeutic gene, the complete sequence of other genes, regulatory
elements and the vector backbone shall be provided.
b) Information concerning the characterisation of the vector used to
transfer and deliver the gene shall be provided. This must include
its physico-chemical characterisation and/or biological/immuno
logical characterisation.
For medicinal products that utilise a micro-organism such as
bacteria or viruses to facilitate gene transfer (biological gene
transfer), data on the pathogenesis of the parental strain and on
its tropism for specific tissues and cell types as well as the cell
cycle-dependence of the interaction shall be provided.
For medicinal products that utilise non-biological means to facilitate
gene transfer, the physico-chemical properties of the constituents
individually and in combination shall be provided.
c) The principles for cell banking or seed lot establishment and char
acterisation shall apply to gene transfer medicinal products as appro
priate.
d) The source of the cells hosting the recombinant vector shall be
provided.
The characteristics of the human source such as age, sex, results of
microbiological and viral testing, exclusion criteria and country of
origin shall be documented.
For cells of animal origin, detailed information related to the
following items shall be provided:
— Sourcing of the animals
— Animal husbandry and care
— Transgenic animals (methods of creation, characterisation of
transgenic cells, nature of the inserted gene)
— Measures to prevent and monitor infections in the source/donor
animals
— Testing for infectious agents
— Facilities
— Control of starting and raw materials.
Description of cell collection methodology including location, type
of tissue, operating process, transportation, storage and traceability
as well as controls carried out during the collection process shall be
documented.
e) The evaluation of the viral safety as well as the traceability of the
products from the donor to the finished medicinal product, are an
essential part of the documentation to be supplied. E.g., the presence
of replication competent virus in stocks of non-replication
competent viral vectors must be excluded.
2. SOMATIC CELL THERAPY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS (HUMAN
AND XENOGENEIC)
For the purposes of this Annex, somatic cell therapy medicinal
products shall mean the use in humans of autologous (emanating
from the patient himself), allogeneic (coming from another human
being) or xenogeneic (coming from animals) somatic living cells, the
biological characteristics of which have been substantially altered as a
result of their manipulation to obtain a therapeutic, diagnostic or
preventive effect through metabolic, pharmacological and immuno
logical means. This manipulation includes the expansion or activation
of autologous cell populations ex vivo (e.g., adoptive immuno-therapy),
the use of allogeneic and xenogeneic cells associated with medical
devices used ex vivo or in vivo (e.g., micro-capsules, intrinsic matrix
scaffolds, bio-degradable or not).
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Specific requirements for cell therapy medicinal products regarding
Module 3
Somatic cell therapy medicinal products include:
— Cells manipulated to modify their immunological, metabolic or
other functional properties in qualitative or quantitative aspects;
— Cells sorted, selected and manipulated and subsequently undergoing
a manufacturing process in order to obtain the finished medicinal
product;
— Cells manipulated and combined with non-cellular components (e.g.
biological or inert matrixes or medical devices) and exerting the
principle intended action in the finished product;
— Autologous cell derivatives expressed in vitro under specific culture
conditions;
— Cells genetically modified or otherwise manipulated to express
previously unexpressed homologous or non-homologous functional
properties.
The whole manufacturing process from the collection of the cells from
the patient (autologous situation) up to the re-injection to the patient
shall be considered as one single intervention.
As for other medicinal products, the three elements of the manufac
turing process are identified:
— starting materials: materials from which the active substance is
manufactured, i.e., organs, tissues, body fluids or cells;
— active substance: manipulated cells, cell lysates, proliferating cells
and cells used in conjunction with inert matrixes and medical
devices;
— finished medicinal products: active substance formulated in its final
immediate container for the intended medical use.
a) General information on active substance(s)
The active substances of cell therapy medicinal products consist of
cells which as a consequence of in vitro processing display
prophylactic, diagnostic or therapeutic properties different from
the original physiological and biological one.
This section shall describe the type of cells and culture concerned.
Tissues, organs or biological fluids from which cells are derived as
well as the autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic nature of the
donation and its geographical origin shall be documented.
Collection of the cells, sampling and storage prior further
processing shall be detailed. For allogeneic cells, special
attention shall be paid to the very first step of the process,
which covers selection of donors. The type of manipulation
carried out and the physiological function of the cells that are
used as active substance shall be provided.
b) Information related to the starting materials of active substance(s)
1. Human somatic cells
Human somatic cell therapy medicinal products are made of a
defined number (pool) of viable cells, which are derived from a
manufacturing process starting either at the level of organs or
tissues retrieved from a human being, or, at the level of a well
defined cell bank system where the pool of cells relies on
continuous cell lines. For the purposes of this chapter, active
substance shall mean the seed pool of human cells and finished
medicinal product shall mean seed pool of human cells formulated
for the intended medical use.
Starting materials and each step of the manufacturing process shall
be fully documented including viral safety aspects.
(1) Organs, tissues, body fluids and cells of human origin
The characteristics of the human source such as age, sex, micro
biological status, exclusion criteria and country of origin shall be
documented.
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Description of sampling including site, type, operating process,
pooling, transportation, storage and traceability as well as
controls carried out on sampling shall be documented.
(2) Cell banking systems
Relevant requirements depicted in part I shall apply for the
preparation and quality control of cell banking systems. This
may essentially be the case for allogeneic or xenogeneic cells.
(3) Ancillary materials or ancillary medical devices
Information shall be provided on the use of any raw materials
(e.g., cytokines, growth factors, culture media) or of possible
ancillary products and medical devices e.g., cell sorting devices,
biocompatible polymers, matrix, fibres, beads in terms of bio-com
patibility, functionality as well as the risk of infectious agents.
2. Animal somatic cells (xenogeneic)
Detailed information related to the following items shall be
provided:
— Genetically modified animals (methods of creation, character
isation of transgenic cells, nature of the inserted or excised
(knock out) gene)
animals
— Testing for infectious agents including vertically transmitted
micro-organisms (also endogenous retro viruses)
— Facilities
— Cell banking systems
— Control of starting and raw materials.
a) Information on the manufacturing process of the active
substance(s) and the finished product
The different steps of the manufacturing process such as organ/
tissue dissociation, selection of the cell population of interest, in
vitro cell culture, cell transformation either by physico-chemical
agents or gene transfer shall be documented.
b) Characterisation of active substance(s)
All of the relevant information on the characterisation of the cell
population of interest in terms of identity (species of origin,
banding cytogenetics, morphological analysis), purity (adventitious
microbial agents and cellular contaminants), potency (defined
biological activity), and suitability (karyology and tumorigenicity
tests) for the intended medicinal use shall be provided.
c) Pharmaceutical development of finished medicinal product
Apart from the specific method of administration used (intravenous
infusion, site-injection, transplantation surgery), information shall
also be provided on the use of possible ancillary medical devices
(bio-compatible polymers, matrix, fibres, beads) in terms of bio-
compatibility and durability.
d) Traceability
A detailed flow chart shall be provided insuring the traceability of
the products from the donor to the finished medicinal product.
3. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR GENE THERAPY AND
SOMATIC CELL THERAPY (HUMAN AND XENOGENEIC)
MEDICINAL PRODUCTS REGARDING MODULES 4 AND 5
3.1. Module 4
For gene and somatic cell therapy medicinal products, it is recognised
that conventional requirements as laid down in Module 4 for non-
clinical testing of medicinal products may not always be appropriate
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 114
▼M2
due to unique and diverse structural and biological properties of the
products in question, including high degree of species specificity,
subject specificity, immunological barriers and differences in pleio
tropic responses.
The rationale underpinning the non-clinical development and the

criteria used to choose relevant species and models shall be properly
captioned in Module 2.
It may be necessary to identify or develop new animal models in order

to assist in the extrapolation of specific findings on functional
endpoints and toxicity to in vivo activity of the products in human
beings. The scientific justification for the use of these animal models
of disease to support safety and proof of concept for efficacy shall be
provided.
3.2. Module 5
The efficacy of advanced therapy medicinal products must be demon
strated as described in Module 5. For some products and for some
therapeutic indications, however, it may not be possible to perform
conventional clinical trials. Any deviation from the existing guidelines
shall be justified in Module 2.
The clinical development of advanced therapy medicinal products will

have some special features owing to the complex and labile nature of
the active substances. It requires additional considerations because of
issues related to viability, proliferation, migration and differentiation of
cells (somatic cell therapy), because of the special clinical circum
stances where the products are used or because of the special mode
of action through gene expression (somatic gene therapy).
Special risks associated with such products arising from potential con
tamination with infectious agents must be addressed in the application
for marketing authorisation for advanced therapy medicinal products.
Special emphasis should be put on both the early stages of develop
ment in one hand, including the choice of donors in the case of cell
therapy medicinal products, and on the therapeutic intervention as a
whole, including the proper handling and administration of the product
on the other hand.
Furthermore, Module 5 of the application should contain, as relevant,

data on the measures to surveying and control of the functions and
development of living cells in the recipient, to prevent transmission of
infectious agents to the recipient and to minimise any potential risks to
public health.
3.2.1. Human pharmacology and efficacy studies

Human pharmacology studies should provide information on the
expected mode of action, expected efficacy based on justified end-
points, bio-distribution, adequate dose, schedule, and methods of admi
nistration or modality of use desirable for efficacy studies.
Conventional pharmaco-kinetic studies may not be relevant for some

advanced therapy products. Sometimes studies in healthy volunteers are
not feasible and the establishment of dose and kinetics will be difficult
to determine in clinical trials. It is necessary, however, to study the
distribution and in vivo behaviour of the product including cell prolif
eration and long-term function as well as the extent, distribution of the
gene product and duration of the desired gene expression. Appropriate
tests shall be used and, if necessary, developed for the tracing of the
cell product or cell expressing the desired gene in the human body and
for the monitoring of the function of the cells that were administered or
transfected.
The assessment of the efficacy and safety of an advanced therapy

medicinal product must include the careful description and evaluation
of the therapeutic procedure as a whole, including special ways of
administration, (such as transfection of cells ex vivo, in vitro manip
ulation, or use of interventional techniques), and testing of the possible
associated regimens (including immuno-suppressive, antiviral, cytotoxic
treatment).
The whole procedure must be tested in clinical trials and described in

the product information.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 115
▼M2
3.2.2. Safety
Safety issues arising from immune response to the medicinal products
or to the expressed proteins, immune rejection, immuno-suppression,
and breakdown of immuno-isolation devices shall be considered.
Certain advanced gene therapy and somatic cell therapy medicinal
products (e.g. xenogeneic cell therapy and certain gene transfer
products) may contain replication-competent particles and/or infectious
agents. The patient may have to be monitored for the development of
possible infections and/or their pathological sequelae during pre- and/or
post-authorisation phases; this surveillance may have to be extended to
close contacts of the patient including health-care workers.
The risk of contamination with potentially transmissible agents cannot
be totally eliminated in the use of certain somatic cell therapy
medicinal products and certain gene transfer medicinal products. The
risk can be minimised, however, by appropriate measures as described
in Module 3.
The measures included in the production process must be complemen
ted with accompanied testing methods, quality control processes and by
appropriate surveillance methods that must be described in Module 5.
The use of certain advanced somatic cell therapy medicinal products
may have to be limited, temporarily or permanently, to establishments
that have documented expertise and facilities for assuring a specific
follow up of the safety of the patients. A similar approach may be
relevant for certain gene therapy medicinal products that are associated
with a potential risk of replication-competent infectious agents.
The long term monitoring aspects for the development of late compli
cations shall also be considered and addressed in the submission, where
relevant.
Where appropriate, the applicant has to submit a detailed risk
management plan covering clinical and laboratory data of the patient,
emerging epidemiological data, and, if relevant, data from archives of
tissue samples from the donor and the recipient. Such a system is
needed to ensure the traceability of the medicinal product and the
rapid response to suspicious patterns of adverse events.
4. SPECIFIC STATEMENT ON XENO-TRANSPLANTATION
MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
For the purposes of this Annex, xeno-transplantation shall mean any
procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation, or infusion
into a human recipient of either live tissues or organs retrieved from
animals, or, human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have
undergone ex vivo contact with live non-human animal cells, tissues
or organs.
Specific emphasis shall be paid to the starting materials.
In this respect, detailed information related to the following items shall
be provided according to specific guidelines:
— Genetically modified animals (methods of creation, characterisation
of transgenic cells, nature of the inserted or excised (knock out)
gene)
animals
— Testing for infectious agents
— Facilities
— Control of starting and raw materials
— Traceability.
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 116
▼B
ANNEX II
PART A
Repealed Directives, with their successive amendments (referred to by

Article 128)
Council Directive 65/65/EEC (OJ 22, 9. 2. 1965, p. 369/65)
Council Directive 66/454/EEC (OJ 144, 5. 8. 1966, p. 2658/66)
Council Directive 75/319/EEC (OJ L 147, 9. 6. 1975, p. 13)
Council Directive 83/570/EEC
Commission Directive 91/507/EEC (OJ L 270, 26. 9. 1991, p. 32)
Commission Directive 1999/82/EC (OJ L 243, 15. 9. 1999, p. 7)

2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 117
▼B
PART B
Time-limits for transposition into national law (referred to by Article 128)
Directive Deadline for transposition
Directive 65/65/EEC 31 December 1966
Directive 66/454/EEC —
Directive 75/318/EEC 21 November 1976
Directive 75/319/EEC 21 November 1976
Directive 78/420/EEC —
Directive 83/570/EEC 31 October 1985
Directive 87/19/EEC 1 July 1987
Directive 87/21/EEC 1 July 1987

1 January 1992 (1)
Directive 89/341/EEC 1 January 1992
Directive 91/507/EEC 1 January 1992 (2)

1 January 1995 (3)
Directive 92/73/EEC 31 December 1993
Directive 93/39/EEC 1 January 1995 (4)

1 January 1998 (5)
Directive 1999/82/EC 1 January 2000
Directive 1999/83/EC 1 March 2000
Directive 2000/38/EC 5 December 2001
(1) Deadline for transposition applicable to Greece, Spain and Portugal.

(2) Except Section A, point 3.3 in Part II of the Annex.
(3) Deadline for transposition applicable to Section A, point 3.3 in Part II of the Annex.
(4) Except with regard to Article 1(6).
(5) Deadline for transposition applicable to Article 1(7).
▼B
ANNEX III
CORRELATION TABLE
This Dir. 65/65/EEC 75/318/EEC 75/319/EEC 89/342/EEC 89/343/EEC 89/381/EEC 92/25/EEC 92/26/EEC 92/27/EEC 92/28/EEC 92/73/EEC
Art. 1(1) to Art. 1(1) to

(3) (3)
Art. 1(4) Annex Art. 1(1) and
(2)
Art. 1(5) Art. 1
Art. 1(6) to Art. 1(2)
(9)
Art. 1(10) Art. 1(1)
Art. 1(11) to Art. 29b, 1st
(16) paragraph
Art. 1(17) and Art. 1(2)
(18)
Art. 1(19) Art. 1(2),
2nd sentence
Art. 1(20) to Art. 1(2)
(26)
Art. 1(27) Art. 8(1)
Art. 1(28) Art. 10(1)
Art. 2 Art. 2(1)
Art. 3(1) and Art. 1(4) and
(2) (5)
Art 2(3), 1st
indent
Art. 3(3) and Art.2(3), 2nd
(4) and 3rd
indents
Art. 3(5) Art. 1(1)
Art. 3(6) Art. 1(2)
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 118
▼B
Art. 4(1) Art. 1(3)

Art. 4(2) Art. 1(3)
Art. 4(3) Art. 3, 2nd
subparagraph
Art. 4(4) Art. 6
Art. 5 Art. 2(4)
Art. 6(1) Art. 3(1)
Art. 6(2) Art. 2, 1st
sentence
Art. 7 Art. 2, 2nd
sentence
(2) (2)
Art. 8(3)(a) to Art. 4, 3rd Art. 1, 1st
(e) para., points paragraph
1 to 5
Art. 8(3)(f) to Art. 4, 3rd
(i) para., points
6 to 8.1
Art. 8(3)(j) to Art. 4, 3rd
(l) para., points
9 to 11
Art. 9 Art. 3
Art. 10(1) Art. 4, 3rd
paragraph,
point 8.2
Art. 10(2) Art. 1, 2nd
paragraph
Art. 11, points Art. 4a,
1 to 5.3 points 1 to
5.3
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 119
▼B
Art. 11, point Art. 4a, point Art. 3

5.4 5.4
Art. 11, points Art. 4a,
5.5 to 6.4 points 5.5 to
6.4
Art. 11, point Art. 4a, point
6.5 6.6
Art. 11, point Art. 4a, point
7 6.5
Art. 11, points Art. 4
8 to 9
Art. 12(1) Art. 1
Art. 12(2) and Art. 2
(3)
Art. 13 Art. 6(1) and
(2)
(2) (4)
Art. 14(3) Art. 4, 2nd
paragraph
Art. 15 Art. 8
Art. 16 Art. 9
Art. 17 Art. 7
Art. 18 Art. 7a
Art. 19 Art. 4
Art. 20 Art. 5
Art. 21 Art. 4b
Art. 22 Art. 10(2)
Art. 23 Art. 9a
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 120
▼B
Art. 24 Art. 10(1)

Art. 25 Art. 9
Art. 26 Art. 5
Art. 27 Art. 8
Art. 28(1) Art. 9(3)
Art. 28(2) Art. 9(1)
Art. 28(3) Art. 9(2)
Art. 28(4) Art. 9(4)
Art. 29 Art. 10
Art. 30 Art. 11
Art. 31 Art. 12
Art. 32 Art. 13
Art. 33 Art. 14(1)
Art. 34 Art. 14(2) to
(4)
Art. 35 Art. 15
Art. 36 Art. 15a
Art. 37 Art. 15b
Art. 38 Art. 15c
Art. 39 Art. 14(5)
Art. 40 Art. 16
Art. 41 Art. 17
Art. 42 Art. 18
Art. 43 Art. 20(1)
Art. 44 Art. 20(2)
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 121
▼B
Art. 45 Art. 20(3)

Art. 46 Art. 19
Art. 47 Art. 19a
Art. 48 Art. 21
Art. 49 Art. 23
Art. 50 Art. 24
Art. 51(1) and Art. 22(1)
(2)
Art. 51(3) Art. 22(2)
Art. 52 Art. 25
Art. 53 Art. 3
Art. 54 Art. 2(1)
Art. 55 Art. 3
Art. 56 Art. 4(1)
Art. 57 Art. 5(2)
Art. 58 Art. 6
(2)
Art. 9
Art. 61 Art. 10(1) to
(4)
Art. 7(3)
Art. 63(1) Art. 4(2)
Art. 63(2) Art. 8
Art. 63(3) Art. 10(5)
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 122
▼B
Art. 64 Art. 11(1)

Art. 65 Art. 12
Art. 66 Art. 5
Art. 67 Art. 6(1)
Art. 68 Art. 2(2)
(3)
Art. 70 Art. 2
Art. 71 Art. 3
Art. 72 Art. 4
Art. 73 Art. 5(1)
Art. 74 Art. 5(2)
Art. 75 Art. 6(2)
Art. 76 Art. 2
Art. 77 Art. 3
Art. 78 Art. 4(1)
Art. 79 Art. 5
Art. 80 Art. 6
Art. 81 Art. 7
Art. 82 Art. 8
Art. 83 Art. 9
Art. 84 Art. 10
Art. 85 Art. 9
(4)
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 123
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Art. 87 Art. 2
Art. 88 Art. 3(1) to
(6)
Art. 89 Art. 4
Art. 90 Art. 5
Art. 91 Art. 6
Art. 92 Art. 7
Art. 93 Art. 8
Art. 94 Art. 9
Art. 95 Art. 10
Art. 96 Art. 11
Art. 97(1) to Art. 12(1)
(4) and (2)
Art. 97(5) Art. 12(4)
Art. 98 Art. 13
Art. 99 Art. 14
Art. 100 Art. 6(3)
Art. 101 Art. 29e
Art. 102 Art. 29a
Art. 103 Art. 29c
Art. 104 Art. 29d
Art. 105 Art. 29f
Art. 106(1) Art. 29g
Art. 106(2) Art. 29b, 2nd
paragraph
Art. 107 Art. 29h
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 124
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Art. 108 Art. 29i

Art. 109 Art. 3(1) to
(3)
Art. 110 Art. 3(4)
Art. 111(1) Art. 26, 1st
and 2nd
paragraph
Art. 111(2) Art. 4(1)
Art. 111(3) Art. 26, 3rd
paragraph
Art. 112 Art. 8 Art. 27
Art. 113 Art. 4(2) Art. 4(2)
Art. 114(1) Art. 4(3)
Art. 114(2) Art. 4(3)
Art. 115 Art. 4(1)
Art. 116 Art. 11
Art. 117 Art. 28
Art. 118 Art. 29
Art. 119 Art. 4(1)
Art. 120 Art. 2a, 1st
paragraph
Art. 121 Art. 2b Art. 37a
Art. 122 Art. 30
Art. 123 Art. 33
Art. 124 Art. 5
Art. 125 Art. 12 Art. 31 Art. 4(2) Art. 11(2) Art. 12(3)
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 125
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Art. 126, 1st Art. 21

paragraph
Art. 126, 2nd Art. 32
paragraph
Art. 127 Art. 28a
Art. 128 — — — — — — — — — — —
Art. 129 — — — — — — — — — — —
Art. 130 — — — — — — — — — — —
Annex I Annex
Annex II — — — — — — — — — — —
Annex III — — — — — — — — — — —
2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.001 — 126

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2001L0083 — EN — 30.12.2008 — 006.

►B DIRECTIVE 2001/83/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;

(1) Council Directive 65/65/EEC of 26 January 1965 on the approx­

(1) OJ C 368, 20.12.1999, p. 3.

(1) OJ L 113, 30.4.1992, p. 5.

(13) For this purpose, a Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products

(14) This Directive represents an important step towards achievement

(16) Following the establishment of the internal market, specific

(17) It is necessary to adopt specific provisions for immunological

(1) OJ L 214, 24.8.1993, p. 1. Regulation as amended by Commission Regu­

(1) OJ L 250, 19.9.1984, p. 17. Directive as amended by Directive 97/55/EC (OJ

(1) OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

(1) OJ L 324, 10.12.2007, p. 121.

28. Risks related to use of the medicinal product:

— any risk relating to the quality, safety or efficacy of the

— any risk of undesirable effects on the environment.

28a. Risk-benefit balance:

30. Herbal medicinal product:

31. Herbal substances:

32. Herbal preparations:

1. This Directive shall apply to medicinal products for human use

2. In cases of doubt, where, taking into account all its characteristics,

(1) OJ L 136, 30.4.2004, p. 1.

This Directive shall not apply to:

1. Nothing in this Directive shall in any way derogate from the

(1) OJ L 121, 1.5.2001, p. 34.

2. This Directive shall be without prejudice to Council Decision

4. This Directive shall not affect the application of national legis­

1. A Member State may, in accordance with legislation in force and

2. Member States may temporarily authorise the distribution of an

3. Without prejudice to paragraph 1, Member States shall lay down

4. Liability for defective products, as provided for by Council

(1) OJ L 207, 30.7.1986, p. 1.

PLACING ON THE MARKET

A marketing authorization shall not be required for a radiopharma­

1. In order to obtain an authorization to place a medicinal product on

In addition to the requirements set out in Articles 8 and 10(1), an

1. By way of derogation from Article 8(3)(i), and without prejudice

(1) OJ L 18, 22.1.2000, p. 1.

By way of derogation from Article 8(3)(i), and without prejudice to the

In the case of medicinal products containing active substances used in

Following the granting of a marketing authorisation, the authorisation

The summary of the product characteristics shall contain, in the order

1. The applicant shall ensure that, before the detailed summaries

Specific provisions applicable to homeopathic medicinal products

1. Member States shall ensure that homeopathic medicinal products

1. Only homeopathic medicinal products which satisfy all of the

— no specific therapeutic indication appears on the labelling of the

— there is a sufficient degree of dilution to guarantee the safety of the

2. The criteria and rules of procedure provided for in Article 4(4),

An application for special, simplified registration may cover a series of

— scientific name or other name given in a pharmacopoeia of the

— manufacturing authorization for the medicinal product concerned,

— copies of any registrations or authorizations obtained for the same

1. Homeopathic medicinal products other than those referred to in

2. A Member State may introduce or retain in its territory specific

(1) Council Directive 65/65/EEC of 26 January 1965 on the approx

(1) OJ L 214, 24.8.1993, p. 1. Regulation as amended by Commission Regu

4. This Directive shall not affect the application of national legis

A marketing authorization shall not be required for a radiopharma

1. must verify whether the particulars submitted in support of the appli