Evaluation Measures

Inventory of Parents and Peer

Attachment-Revised
OVERVIEW STEPPING UP THEME(S) & OUTCOME(S)

• This scale measures various qualities of youth’s • Strong, Supportive Friends & Families
relationships with parents (mother, father; or » Youth have families equipped to help
guardians acting in these roles) and peers, such them thrive
as trust, quality of communication, and feelings » Youth are have at least one consistent, caring
of anger and alienation adult in their lives
» Youth form and maintain healthy, close
SUBSCALES relationships

• Each questionnaire (mother, father, peer) has 3

TARGET POPULATION
subscales
» Parent • Youth between 9 and 15 years of age
Trust (10 items)
- My mother respects my feelings LENGTH & HOW IT IS MEASURED
Communication (9 items) • 25 items for each subscale
- I tell my father about my problems
and troubles • The same 25 questions are asked for both
parental roles and 25 questions are asked relates
Alienation (6 items) to peer roles
- I get upset easily around my mother
• Self-report, paper-pencil version
» Peer • Negatively-worded items need to be reverse
Trust (10 items) coded
- My friends listen to what I have to say
• Available in: English
Communication (9 items)
- When we discuss things, my friends care DEVELOPER
about my point of view
• Gullone & Robinson, 2005 (revised)
Alienation (6 items)
• Armsden & Greenberg, 1987 (original)
- I feel angry with my friends

MORE
 GOOD TO KNOW LEARN MORE

• Original version had only two measures (parents, • Armsden, G.C., & Greenberg, M.T. (1987).
peers), whereby perceptions of mothers and fa- The inventory of parent and peer attachment:
thers were combined into on scale. In the revised Individual differences and their relationship to
version there are questions asked about mothers psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal
and fathers separately of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 427–454.
• Gomez, R., & McLaren, S. (2007). The in-
PSYCHOMETRICS ter-relations of mother and father attachment,
• Reliability self-esteem and aggression during late adoles-
High reliability cence. Aggressive Behavior, 33(2), 160-169.
(internal consistency α = .66-.86) • Gullone, E. and Robinson, K. (2005), The Inven-
• Validity tory of Parent and Peer Attachment—Revised
Convergent validity (IPPA-R) for children: a psychometric investiga-
tion. Clin. Psychol. Psychother., 12: 67–79. doi:
10.1002/cpp.433
 i
INVENTORY OF PARENT AND PEER ATTACHMENT (IPPA)
Almost Not Some- Often Almost
Never or Very times True Always or
Authors: Never Often True Always

Gay Armsden, Ph.D. and Mark T. Greenberg, Ph.D. 1 True True True

8. Talking over my problems with my mother

makes me feel ashamed or foolish. 1 2 3 4 5

This questionnaire asks about your relationships with important people in your life; your mother, 9. My mother expects too much from me. 1 2 3 4 5
your father, and your close friends. Please read the directions to each part carefully.
10. I get upset easily around my mother. 1 2 3 4 5

Part I 11. I get upset a lot more than my

mother knows about. 1 2 3 4 5
Some of the following statements asks about your feelings about your mother or the person who has
12. When we discuss things, my mother
acted as your mother. If you have more than one person acting as your mother (e.g. a natural mother cares about my point of view. 1 2 3 4 5
and a step-mother) answer the questions for the one you feel has most influenced you.
13. My mother trusts my judgment. 1 2 3 4 5
Please read each statement and circle the ONE number that tells how true the statement is for you
now. 14. My mother has her own problems,
so I don’t bother her with mine. 1 2 3 4 5

15. My mother helps me to

understand myself better. 1 2 3 4 5
Almost Not Some- Often Almost
Never or Very times True Always or 16. I tell my mother about my
Never Often True Always problems and troubles. 1 2 3 4 5
True True True
17. I feel angry with my mother. 1 2 3 4 5
1. My mother respects my feeling. 1 2 3 4 5
18. I don’t get much attention from my mother. 1 2 3 4 5
2. I feel my mother does a good
job as my mother. 1 2 3 4 5 19. My mother helps me to talk
about my difficulties. 1 2 3 4 5
3. I wish I had a different mother. 1 2 3 4 5
20. My mother understands me. 1 2 3 4 5
4. My mother accepts me as I am. 1 2 3 4 5
21. When I am angry about something,
5. I like to get my mother’s point of 1 2 3 4 5 my mother tries to be understanding. 1 2 3 4 5
view on things I’m concerned about.
22. I trust my mother. 1 2 3 4 5
6. I feel it’s no use letting my feelings 1 2 3 4 5
show around my mother. 23. My mother doesn’t understand
what I’m going through these days. 1 2 3 4 5
7. My mother can tell when I’m 1 2 3 4 5
upset about something. 24. I can count on my mother when I need
to get something off my chest. 1 2 3 4 5

25. If my mother knows something is

1 bothering me, she asks me about it. 1 2 3 4 5
Address for Dr. Greenberg: Dept. of Human Development, Penn State University, State
College, PA 16802.
 ii
Part II

This part asks about your feelings bout your father, or the man who has acted as your father. If you
have more than one person acting as your father (e.g. natural and step-father) answer the question for
the one you feel has most influenced you. Almost Not Some- Often Almost
Never or Very times True Always or
Never Often True Always
True True True
Almost Not Some- Often Almost 16. I tell my father about my problems and
Never or Very times True Always or troubles 1 2 3 4 5
Never Often True Always
True True True
17. I feel angry with my father 1 2 3 4 5
1. My father respects my feelings. 1 2 3 4 5
18. I don’t get much attention from
2. I feel my father does a good my father. 1 2 3 4 5
job as my father. 1 2 3 4 5
19. My father helps me to talk about
3. I wish I had a different father. 1 2 3 4 5 my difficulties. 1 2 3 4 5

4. My father accepts me as I am. 1 2 3 4 5 20. My father understands me. 1 2 3 4 5

5. I like to get my father’s point of view 21. When I am angry about something, my
on things I’m concerned about. 1 2 3 4 5 father tries to be understanding. 1 2 3 4 5

6. I feel it’s no use letting my 22. I trust my father. 1 2 3 4 5

feelings show around my father. 1 2 3 4 5
23. My father doesn’t understand what
7. My father can tell when I’m I’m going through these days. 1 2 3 4 5
upset about something. 1 2 3 4 5
24. I can count on my father when I need
8. Talking over my problems with my to get something off my chest. 1 2 3 4 5
father makes me feel ashamed or foolish. 1 2 3 4 5
25. If my father knows something is bothering
9. My father expects too much from me. 1 2 3 4 5 me, he asks me about it. 1 2 3 4 5

10. I get upset easily around my father. 1 2 3 4 5

11. I get upset a lot more than my father

knows about. 1 2 3 4 5

12. When we discuss things, my father

cares about my point of view. 1 2 3 4 5

13. My father trusts my judgment. 1 2 3 4 5

14. My father has his own problems,

so I don’t bother him with mine. 1 2 3 4 5

15. My father helps me to understand

myself better. 1 2 3 4 5
 iii
Part III
Almost Not Some- Often Almost
This part asks about your feelings about your relationships with your close friends. Never or Very times True Always or
Please read each statement and circle the ONE number that tells how true the statement is for you now. Never Often True Always
True True True

Almost Not Some- Often Almost 18. I feel angry with my friends. 1 2 3 4 5
Never or Very times True Always or
Never Often True Always 19. I can count on my friends when I need
True True True to get something off my chest. 1 2 3 4 5

1. I like to get my friend’s point of view 20. I trust my friends. 1 2 3 4 5

on things I’m concerned about. 1 2 3 4 5
21. My friends respect my feelings. 1 2 3 4 5
2. My friends can tell when I’m
upset about something. 1 2 3 4 5 22. I get upset a lot more than my
friends know about. 1 2 3 4 5
3. When we discuss things, my friends
care about my point of view. 1 2 3 4 5 23. It seems as if my friends are
irritated with me for no reason. 1 2 3 4 5
4. Talking over my problems with friends
makes me feel ashamed or foolish. 1 2 3 4 5 24. I can tell my friends about my
problems and troubles. 1 2 3 4 5
5. I wish I had different friends. 1 2 3 4 5
25. If my friends know something
6. My friends understand me. 1 2 3 4 5 is bothering me, they ask me about it. 1 2 3 4 5

7. my friends encourage me to talk about

my difficulties. 1 2 3 4 5

8. My friends accept me as I am. 1 2 3 4 5

9. I feel the need to be in touch with

my friends more often. 1 2 3 4 5

10. My friends don’t understand what

I’m going through these days. 1 2 3 4 5

11. I feel alone or apart when I am

with my friends. 1 2 3 4 5

12. My friends listen to what I have to say. 1 2 3 4 5

13. I feel my friends are good friends. 1 2 3 4 5

14. My friends are fairly easy to talk to. 1 2 3 4 5

15. When I am angry about something,

my friends try to be understanding. 1 2 3 4 5

16. My friends help me to understand

myself better. 1 2 3 4 5
17. My friends care about how I am feeling. 1 2 3 4 5