Labelling of Fruit Juices 2014 FINAL PDF
Labelling of Fruit Juices 2014 FINAL PDF
Labelling of Fruit Juices 2014 FINAL PDF
of Fruit Juices
and Related
Products
FEBRUARY 2014
This document should not be taken as an authoritative
statement or interpretation of the law. It has been produced
with the aim of providing informal, non-statutory advice
and should be read in conjunction with the Council Directive
and the national enforcement Regulations.
or:
© FSAI
2014
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 1
Table of Contents
1. Introduction 2
2. Products Covered 3
3. Labelling Requirements 4
4. Fruit Juice 9
Composition of Fruit Juice 9
Labelling of Dehydrated/Powdered
Fruit Juice 17
9. Fruit Nectar 18
Composition of Fruit Nectar 18
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
2 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
1. Introduction
Council Directive 2001/112/EC relating to fruit juices and certain similar products lays down rules on the
production, composition and labelling of these products. These rules have been amended most recently
by Directive 2012/12/EU to take into account technical progress in fruit juice processing and the Codex
Alimentarius standard for fruit juices and nectars.
Directive 2012/12/EU will apply from 28th October 2013. The amendment introduces new rules
on authorised ingredients, such as those pertaining to the addition of sugars which are no longer
authorised in fruit juice, fruit juice from concentrate, concentrated fruit juice, water extracted fruit juice,
and dehydrated/powdered fruit juice. For this reason, the nutrition claim ‘no-added sugar’ will no longer
be permitted on these products. For the purpose of this Directive, tomatoes have been redefined as a
fruit, therefore tomato juice and similar products will now fall under the scope of Directive 2001/112/EC.
The compositional requirements of fruit nectar have also been amended and from 28th October 2013,
fruit nectars can be produced with, or without the addition of sugars, and/or honey. In addition, the
amendment introduces a new category of juice; water extracted fruit juice.
This document takes into account the general labelling requirements for foodstuffs including fruit juices
and related products.
In addition to Directive 2001/112/EC as amended, the following legislation should be consulted for
specific requirements on food labelling and the production of fruit juices and related products:
• Directive 2000/13/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the labelling,
presentation and advertising of foodstuffs transposed into law by S.I. No. 483 of 2002
• Regulation EU No 1169/2011 of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers
• Directive 2001/111/EC of 20 December 2001 relating to certain sugars intended for human
consumption transposed into law by S.I. No. 289 of 2003
• Regulation EC No 1333/2008 of 16 December 2008 on food additives
• Council Directive 90/496/EEC of 24 September 1990 on nutrition labelling for foodstuffs transposed
into law by S.I. No. 461 of 2009
• Regulation EC No 1925/2006 of 20 December 2006 on the addition of vitamins and minerals and of
certain other substances to foods
• Regulation EC No 1924/2006 of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods
• Directive 2006/125/EC of 5 December 2006 on processed cereal-based foods and baby foods for
infants and young children
• Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human
consumption
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 3
2. Products Covered
Directive 2001/112/EC as amended sets compositional and labelling requirements for six designated
products namely:
• Fruit Juice
• Fruit Juice from Concentrate
• Concentrated Fruit Juice
• Water Extracted Fruit Juice
• Dehydrated/Powdered Fruit Juice
• Fruit Nectar
Each of these products must meet the compositional standards laid down in the legislation and may
only be marketed under the product name or the designated name.
The Directive also sets out specific rules for labelling each of the six products in addition to the general
labelling requirements for pre-packaged goods.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
4 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
3. Labelling Requirements
Fruit juices and similar products must be labelled in accordance with the general labelling rules (Council
Directive 2000/13/EC). However, specific provisions for fruit juices and similar products are adopted in
Directive 2001/112/EC. Directive 2001/112/EC lays down common rules governing the composition, use
of reserved descriptions, manufacturing specifications and labelling of the products concerned.
As mentioned previously, Directive 2001/112/EC has been amended most recently by Directive
2012/12/EU. Under this amendment, the addition of sugars will no longer be authorised in any of the
different categories of fruit juices. Foods placed on the market or labelled before 28th October 2013 in
accordance with Directive 2001/112/EC, will be permitted on the market until 28th April 2015. From
28th October 2013 until 28th October 2016, the statement ‘From 28 April 2015 no fruit juices contain
added sugars’ may appear on the label of fruit juice, fruit juice from concentrate, concentrated fruit
juice, water extracted fruit juice, and dehydrated/powdered fruit juice. This statement must appear in the
same field of vision as the product name.
Council Directive 2000/13/EC provides the current rules for the labelling, presentation and advertising of
foodstuffs, Directive 90/496/EEC lays down rules governing nutrition labelling, both of these Directives
are repealed by the food information to consumers (FIC) Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011. FIC came
into effect on 13th December 2011 and will apply from 13th December 2014, with the exception of
mandatory nutrition declaration, which will apply from 13th December 2016.
Foods placed on the market or labelled prior to 13th December 2014, which are compliant with
Directive 2000/13/EC but do not comply with the requirements of FIC, may be marketed until the stocks
of the foods are exhausted.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 5
• All mandatory information must be printed in characters using a font size equal to or greater than
1.2mm. With the exception of packaging or containers which have the largest surface area of less
than 80cm², in such cases the font size must be equal to, or greater than 0.9mm
• Labelling requirements regarding foodstuffs sold via the internet-mandatory information must be
available before the purchase is concluded (except date of min durability) and all information must be
available upon delivery
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
6 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
QUID: the percentage quantity of an ingredient or category of ingredients used in the manufacture or
preparation of a food is required when the ingredient or category of ingredients concerned is:
The information provided on the label must not mislead the consumer. This would rule out suggestions
that the product possesses special characteristics, e.g. statements such as ‘low-fat’, when in fact, all
similar products possess such characteristics.
The name under which the product is sold must include or be accompanied by particulars as to the
physical condition of the foodstuff or the specific treatment which it has undergone, in all cases where
omission of such information could create confusion in the mind of the purchaser.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 7
Nutritional information
Currently, the provision of nutrition information is voluntary unless a nutrition related claim is made.
Under Council Directive 90/496/EEC, nutrition information must be presented in one of two formats,
either Group 1 or Group 2 format depending on the nutrient that is the subject of the claim (see The
Labelling of Food in Ireland, 2007 report for more information on this).
From the 13th December 2014 and the 13th December 2016, food businesses which provide nutritional
information on a voluntary basis, or where a nutritional and/or a health claim is made, must have a
nutritional declaration which complies with FIC. From 13th December 2016, nutritional information will
be mandatory for most pre-packaged foodstuffs.
The format of the nutrition table has changed under the FIC Regulation, in so far as the mandatory
declaration will be as follows:
Energy (kj/kcal)
Fat (g)
Of which saturates (g)
Carbohydrate (g)
Of which sugars (g)
Protein (g)
Salt (g)
The declaration for ‘carbohydrate’ has moved position and is listed after ‘fat’ and ‘saturates’
declarations. The current requirement to indicate ‘sodium’ in the declaration has been replaced by a
‘salt’ declaration (the figure indicated must be based on the sodium content of the food). The content
of the mandatory nutrition declaration as stated above may be supplemented with one or more of the
following:
Monounsaturates (g)
Polyunsaturates (g)
Polyols (g)
Starch (g)
Fibre (g)
Any of the vitamins or minerals listed in point 1 of Part A of Annex XIII to the Regulation, and present in
significant amounts as defined in point 2 of Part A of Annex XIII to the Regulation.
The nutrition labelling rules of FIC can be adopted before 13th December 2014, rather than following
the rules laid down in Council Directive 90/496/EEC on nutrition labelling of foodstuffs. Food business
operators opting for the nutrition labelling rules of FIC must comply with all of these requirements.
Foods labelled in accordance with FIC can be placed on the market before the 13th December 2014,
provided that there is no conflict with the labelling requirements of Directive 2000/13/EC, which
continues to apply until 13th December 2014.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
8 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
However, the nutrient content of foods should not deviate substantially from labelled values to the
extent that such deviations could lead to consumers being misled. With this in mind, the EU has
developed a guidance document on tolerances for the control of compliance of nutrient values declared
on a label with EU legislation.*
When ingredients such as additives are used in a product, they must be indicated by their function
class, e.g. antioxidant, but must be included in the nutrition content calculation of the product, e.g.
when ascorbic acid is used as an antioxidant it must be labelled as such and not as “added Vitamin C”.
The calculation of the Vitamin C content of a product should include both Vitamin C for nutritive value
and ascorbic acid for antioxidant purposes. However, a nutrition claim can only be made on the value of
Vitamin C added for nutritional purposes.
*http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/labellingnutrition/nutritionlabel/guidance_tolerances_december_2012.pdf
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 9
4. Fruit Juice
• It is obtained from the edible part of the fruit which is sound and ripe.
• It should have the characteristic colour, flavour and taste, typical of the fruit from which it came.
• It can consist of one or more types of fruit.
• It can be fresh or preserved by chilling, or freezing.
• Flavour, pulp, and cells obtained by suitable physical means from the same species of fruit may be
restored to the fruit juice.
• In citrus fruit, the juice must come from the endocarp; while lime juice may be obtained from the
whole fruit.
• Pips, seeds, peel, and their components must not be incorporated, except in cases where they
cannot be removed by good manufacturing practices.
• The mixing of fruit juice with fruit purée is authorised in the production of the fruit juice.
• In the case of juice obtained from just one fruit, the Brix level must be the one of the juice extracted
from the fruit and must not be modified, except by blending with the juice of the same species of
fruit.
• In the case of juice obtained from two or more fruits, each component can only have its natural
Brix level, thus the Brix level from several fruits must be the weighted average Brix level of its
components.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
10 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
• The name of the fruit species used in the product name must be the common name referred to in
Annex V to the Directive. For fruit species not included in Annex V, the botanical name, or common
name must apply.
• In the case of a juice obtained from one fruit, the word fruit must be substituted by the name of the
fruit used, i.e. apple juice, orange juice etc.
• Where two or more fruits are used, the product name must be composed of a list of fruits used
in descending order of the volume of the fruit juices, or purées included as indicated in the list of
ingredients, e.g. orange, apple and pineapple juice. The only exception is where lemon, and/or lime
juice is used to regulate acidic taste (as previously described under authorised ingredients for fruit
juice, page 9) and are labelled as “anhydrous citric acid”.
• Where three or more fruits are used, the list of these fruits may be replaced by the words “several
fruits”, or similar wording in the product name.
• Where two or more fruits are used in production, the quantity of each fruit used must be expressed
as a percentage of the product and must be indicated on the label (QUID).
• The list of ingredients must indicate that pulp or cells have been added, except in the case where this
has been done for the purposes of restoring the product to its original state.
• From the 28th October 2013 until 28th October 2016, the statement ‘From 28 April 2015, no fruit
juices contain added sugars’ may appear on the label. If used, this statement must appear in the
same field of vision as the product name.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 11
• The soluble solids content of the finished product must meet the minimum Brix level for
reconstituted juice, as per Annex V to the Directive.
• The minimum Brix level established in Annex V is exclusive of the soluble solids of any added
optional ingredients and additives.
• If a juice from concentrate is manufactured from a fruit not mentioned in Annex V; the minimum Brix
level of the reconstituted juice must be the Brix level of the juice, as extracted from the fruit used to
make the concentrate.
• Flavour, pulp and cells obtained by suitable physical means from the same species of fruit may be
restored to the fruit juice from concentrate.
• It must be prepared by a suitable process which maintains the essential physical, chemical,
organoleptical, and nutritional characteristics of the juice, from the fruit from which it came.
• The mixing of fruit juice and/or concentrated fruit juice with fruit purée and/or concentrated fruit
purée is authorised in the production of fruit juice from concentrate.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
12 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
• The name of the fruit species used in the product name must be the common name referred to in
Annex V to the Directive. For fruit species not included in Annex V, the botanical name, or common
name must apply.
• In the case of a fruit juice from concentrate obtained from one fruit, the word fruit must be
substituted by the name of the fruit used, i.e. apple juice from concentrate, orange juice from
concentrate etc.
• Where two or more fruits are used, the product name must be composed of a list of fruits used
in descending order of the volume of the fruit juices, or purées included as indicated in the list of
ingredients, e.g. orange, apple and pineapple juice from concentrate. The only exception is where
lemon, and/or lime juice is used to regulate acidic taste (as previously described under authorised
ingredients for fruit juice from concentrate, page 11); and are labelled as “anhydrous citric acid”.
• Where three or more fruits are used, the list of these fruits may be replaced by the words “several
fruits”, or similar wording in the product name.
• In the case of a mixture of fruit juice and fruit juice from concentrate, the label must bear the words
“partially from concentrate(s)”. This information will be close to the product name, standing out well
from the background, in clearly visible letters.
• In the above case where a juice contains a mixture of fruit juice and fruit juice from concentrate, the
quantity of fruit juice from concentrate used must be expressed as a percentage of the product and
must be indicated on the label (QUID).
• Where two or more fruits are used in production, the quantity of each fruit used must be expressed
as a percentage of the product and must be indicated on the label (QUID).
• The list of ingredients must indicate that pulp, or cells have been added except in the case where this
has been done for the purposes of restoring the product to its original state.
• From the 28th October 2013 until 28th October 2016, the statement ‘From 28 April 2015, no fruit
juices contain added sugars’ may appear on the label. If used, this statement must appear in the
same field of vision as the product name.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 13
• Where the product is intended for direct consumption, at least 50% of the water content will be
removed.
• Flavour, pulp and cells obtained by suitable physical means from the same species of fruit may be
restored to the concentrated fruit juice.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
14 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
• The name of the fruit species used in the product name must be the common name referred to in
Annex V of the Directive. For fruit species not included in Annex V, the botanical name, or common
name must apply.
• In the case of a concentrated fruit juice obtained from one fruit, the word fruit must be substituted
by the name of the fruit used, i.e. concentrated apple juice, concentrated orange juice etc.
• Where two or more fruits are used, the product name must be composed of a list of fruits used
in descending order of the volume of the fruit juices, or purées included as indicated in the list
of ingredients, e.g. concentrated orange, apple and pineapple juice. The only exception is where
lemon, and/or lime juice is used to regulate acidic taste (as previously described under authorised
ingredients for concentrated fruit juice, page 13) and are labelled as “anhydrous citric acid”.
• Where three or more fruits are used, the list of these fruits may be replaced by the words “several
fruits”, or similar wording in the product name.
• Where two or more fruits are used in production, the quantity of each fruit used must be expressed
as a percentage of the product and must be indicated on the label (QUID).
• The labelling of concentrated fruit juice not intended for delivery to the final consumer must mention
the presence of, and quantity of added lemon juice, lime juice, or acidifying agents. This reference
must appear on the packaging or on the label attached to the packaging, or on the accompanying
document.
• The list of ingredients must indicate that pulp or cells have been added, except in the case where this
has been done for the purposes of restoring the product to its original state.
• From the 28th October 2013 until 28th October 2016, the statement ‘From 28 April 2015, no fruit
juices contain added sugars’ may appear on the label. If used, this statement must appear in the
same field of vision as the product name.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 15
• Pulpy whole fruit whose juice cannot be extracted by any physical means, or
• Dehydrated whole fruit
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
16 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
• The name of the fruit species used in the product name must be the common name referred to in
Annex V to the Directive. For fruit species not included in Annex V, the botanical name, or common
name must apply.
• In the case of water extracted fruit juice obtained from one fruit, the word fruit must be substituted
by the name of the fruit used, i.e. water extracted apple juice, water extracted orange juice etc.
• Where two or more fruits are used, the product name must be composed of a list of fruits used
in descending order of the volume of the fruit juices, or purées included as indicated in the list of
ingredients e.g. water extracted orange, apple and pineapple juice. The only exception is where
lemon, and/or lime juice is used to regulate acidic taste (as described above under authorised
ingredients in water extracted fruit juice ) and are labelled as “anhydrous citric acid”.
• Where three or more fruits are used, the list of these fruits may be replaced by the words “several
fruits”, or similar wording in the product name.
• Where two or more fruits are used in production, the quantity of each fruit used must be expressed
as a percentage of the product and must be indicated on the label (QUID)
• From the 28th October 2013 until 28th October 2016, the statement ‘From 28 April 2015, no fruit
juices contain added sugars’ may appear on the label. If used, this statement must appear in the
same field of vision as the product name.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 17
• The name of the fruit species used in the product name must be the common name referred to in
Annex V to the Directive. For fruit species not included in Annex V, the botanical name, or common
name must apply.
• In the case of dehydrated/powdered fruit juice obtained from one fruit, the word fruit must be
substituted by the name of the fruit used, i.e. dehydrated/powdered apple juice, dehydrated/
powdered orange juice etc.
• Where two or more fruits are used, the product name must be composed of a list of fruits used
in descending order of the volume of the fruit juices, or purées included as indicated in the list of
ingredients, e.g. dehydrated orange, apple and pineapple juice. The only exception is where lemon,
and/or lime juice is used to regulate acidic taste (as described above under authorised ingredients for
dehydrated/powdered fruit juice, see above) and are labelled as “anhydrous citric acid”.
• Where three or more fruits are used, the list of these fruits may be replaced by the words “several
fruits”, or similar wording in the product name.
• Where two or more fruits are used in production, the quantity of each fruit used must be expressed
as a percentage of the product and must be indicated on the label (QUID).
• From the 28th October 2013 until 28th October 2016, the statement ‘From 28 April 2015, no fruit
juices contain added sugars’ may appear on the label. If used, this statement must appear in the
same field of vision as the product name.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
18 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
9. Fruit Nectar
• The juice and/or purée content of the finished product must meet the requirements as per Annex IV
of Directive 2001/112/EC.
• Flavour, pulp and cells obtained by suitable physical means from the same species of fruit may be
restored to the fruit nectar.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products 19
• The name of the fruit species used in the product name must be the common name referred to in
Annex V to the Directive. For fruit species not included in Annex V, the botanical name, or common
name must apply.
• In the case of fruit nectar obtained from one fruit, the word fruit must be substituted by the name of
the fruit used, i.e. apple nectar, orange nectar etc.
• Where two or more fruits are used, the product name must be composed of a list of fruits used
in descending order of the volume of the fruit juices, or purées included as indicated in the list of
ingredients, e.g. orange, apple and pineapple nectar. The only exception is where lemon, and/or lime
juice is used to regulate acidic taste (as previously described under authorised ingredients for fruit
nectar, page 18) and are labelled as “anhydrous citric acid”.
• Where three or more fruits are used, the list of these fruits may be replaced by the words “several
fruits”, or similar wording in the product name.
• Fruit nectar obtained entirely, or partly from one or more concentrated products, must bear the
words “from concentrate(s), or “partially from concentrate(s)”, as appropriate. This information must
be close to the product name, standing out well from any background in clearly visible letters.
• The labelling must indicate the minimum content of fruit juice, fruit purée, or any mixture of those
ingredients, by the declaration “fruit content…% minimum. This information must be located in the
same field of vision as the product name.
• The list of ingredients must indicate that pulp or cells have been added, except in the case where this
has been done for the purposes of restoring the product to its original state.
• A claim stating that sugars have not been added to fruit nectar, and any claim likely to have the same
meaning for the consumer, may only be made where the product does not contain any added mono-
or disaccharides, or any other food used for its sweetening properties, including sweeteners.
• If sugars are naturally present in fruit nectar, the following indication should also appear on the label:
“contains naturally occurring sugars”.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
20 Labelling of Fruit Juices and Related Products
Copies of this document are available on the websites below and any queries regarding the labelling
and/or composition of fruit juice and related products may be made to:
Food Safety Authority of Ireland
Abbey Court
Lower Abbey Street
Dublin 1
Advice Line: 1890 33 66 77
Facsimile: +353 1 817 1301
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.fsai.ie
or:
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND THE MARINE | FOOD SAFETY AUTHORITY OF IRELAND
Food Safety Authority of Ireland Food Industry Development Division
Abbey Court Department of Agriculture,
Lower Abbey Street Food and the Marine
Dublin 1 Kildare Street
Advice Line: 1890 33 66 77 Dublin 2
Facsimile: +353 1 817 1301 Telephone: +353 1 607 2402
Email: [email protected] Facsimile: +353 1 607 2038
Website: www.fsai.ie Website: www.agriculture.gov.ie