Exploring ICT

Student Activity Book

3

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 CONTENTS
1. Know Your Computer ………………1
 PREFACE
Exploring ICT are textbooks based on the requirements of the
Information and Communication Technology syllabus for key
stage 1, developed by the National Institute of Education. The
learning experiences in the books provide a solid foundation of
balanced instruction and offer a fresh approach to teaching and
learning of ICT.

The book is designed to help students become proficient in ICT.

The innovative computer applications and activities in the book
reinforce the idea that technology can be used in many forms
and can be made a part of our routine lives. The underlying
pedagogy followed is to ‘learn by doing’ to develop skills of
students through unique and creative activities that focus on
both understanding and learning.

The activities are interactive in nature and well integrated with

other subjects. The integration of technology is imperative since
it has become a platform for teachers and students across the
globe to communicate and share instructional materials.

We extend our sincere thanks to Cambridge University Press for

partnering with us in this endeavour.

We are beholden to the members of the NIE Curriculum Team for

the support rendered.

Aishath Shibana
TRC Co-ordinator
 1 Know Your
Computer

SNAP RECAP
1. The main parts of a computer are the Monitor,
the CPU, the Keyboard and the Mouse.
2. A computer follows the IPO cycle.
3. Input devices are used to enter information
into the computer.
4. The CPU processes and stores information.
5. Output devices show the result of processing.
6. Storage devices are used to store information.

Learning Objectives

You will learn about:

1. IPO Cycle

2. Hardware and Software

3. Types of Software

4. Operating System

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Introduction
A computer helps us generate information from raw data.
It follows the Input-Process-Output cycle.
1. We enter data into a computer using the keyboard
or the mouse. This data is called the input.
2. The CPU converts the data into meaningful
information. This is called processing.
3. After the data is processed, the result is displayed
on a monitor. This is the output.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

STORAGE

Input–Process–Output Cycle
Adding two numbers
1. Input: Two numbers to
be added, are given to
the computer using an 3 + 7 = 10
input device.
2. Process: The process
of addition operation
is performed on these Adding two numbers
two numbers.
3. Output: Result is displayed on the screen.

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Generating a report card
1. Input: The marks of all the
subjects are entered into the
computer.
2. Process: The percentage is
calculated and report card is
generated.
3. Output: A printout of the
generated report card is Generating a
printed. report card

Playing games
1. Input: The player’s information is given to the
computer through mouse buttons.
2. Process: The speed and the direction of the player’s
car is the process.
3. 
Output: The effect
of the keys pressed
is seen in the
form of animated
pictures and sound.

Playing computer games

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 ACTIVITY 1
 ook at the pictures and answer the questions
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that follow.

1. What is the input?

…………………………………………………………………………
2. What is the step of drawing called?
…………………………………………………………………………
3. What is the output of the above cycle?
…………………………………………………………………………

ACTIVITY 2
Fill in the blanks.
process, data, output, input, IPO, process

1. We send ………………………………… to the computer

system. The computer system ……………………………
it to give meaningful information.
2. This cycle is called the …………………………… cycle,
where I stands for ……………………………, P stands
for ………………… and O stands for …………………… .

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 ACTIVITY 3
Give the Input-Process-Output steps for the following
tasks.
1. Making lemonade

2. Making cheese sandwich

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3. Drawing Micky Mouse in the art class

Hardware and Software

Parts of a computer can be divided into two
categories – hardware and software.

Computer

Hardware Software
Different parts of a computer
The physical parts of a computer that you can see and
touch are called hardware. The Central Processing
Unit (CPU) is an example of the hardware.

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 Speakers

Monitor Keyboard

Mouse
CPU Web camera
Hardware
The set of instructions that tells the hardware how
to perform a particular task is called software. For
example, the body of a television is hardware but the
programs you watch on it are examples of software.
A computer needs a software to work. Unlike
hardware, we cannot see or touch a software.

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 A family watching TV
There are different kinds of software to do different
types of work.

Software

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For example, MS Word is a software program used for
creating text documents.

Typing in MS Word
Paint is a software program used for drawing pictures.

Drawing in Paint

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 ACTIVITY 4
Tick (ü) the odd one out.

A.

Office Word
2007

B.

C.

Office Word PowerPoint MS Excel

2007 2007 2007

D.

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 ACTIVITY 5
Name the software you use will to do the following
activities.
A. Draw pictures on the computer.

B. Talk to friends on
another island using
a web camera.

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 C. Watch videos and movies.

D. Type your homework.

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Difference Between Hardware and Software
Do you remember that a computer follows the Input-
Process-Output cycle to perform tasks? Can you
guess which parts of this cycle relate to hardware and
software, respectively?
It is the hardware that performs input and output
tasks. For example, when we solve sums on the
computer, we first type the numbers using the
keyboard. Then the computer shows the result on the
monitor after the CPU processes the result.

Input through hardware Output through hardware

It is the software that does the processing tasks.
Therefore, the hardware supports the Input and the
Output whereas the software supports the Processing
part of the IPO cycle.

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Types of Software
There are two types of software – application software
and system software.
Software

Application System
Software Software

Application software
Software that is used to perform one special kind of
task is called application software. Some of them are:
Word processing software
These software programs are used to write letters, stories
and reports. The most commonly used word processing
software is MS Word. Other examples of application
software are Paint, Windows Media Player and WordPad.

The most commonly used word processing

software is MS Word.

MS Word 2007

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Multimedia software
These software programs are
used for drawing pictures,
playing games and watching
movies. Paint is a very simple
multimedia software.
Car racing game

ACTIVITY 6
Collect and paste few pictures of animated movies
made with the help of multimedia software.

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 System Software
Software that is used to control the operation of
a computer is called system software. It refers to
the files and programs that make up a computer’s
operating system.
Operating System
The operating system controls the overall working of
the computer. It manages the hardware and other
software programs.
To understand what an operating system is, think of
it as a traffic policeman. A traffic policeman tells cars
and motorcycles when to move, in which direction to
move and at what speed to move. In the
same way, an operating system tells the
computer when to run which
software program.

A traffic policeman directing the traffic

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 ACTIVITY 7
Tick ( ) the activities that you do on a computer.
O U R
1 5

T
O S G
2 6

P O
3

A W
4

Across:
1. It is an electronic device.
2. Operations done by a software.
3. It is an example of hardware.
4. These are the parts of the computer that we can
touch and feel.
Down:
5. The result the computer gives after processing
the data.
6. The set of instructions that tells the hardware
how to perform a particular task.

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 ACTIVITY 8
Tick ( ) the correct answer from the choices given.

Application System
1. Paint software software

Application System
2. MS Window software software

Application System
3. Mac OS software software

Application System
4. Linux software software

Application System
5. MS Word software software

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 ACTIVITY 9
Find the right answers.
1. ………………………… is an operating system.
A. WordPad
B.  MS Word
C. Windows
2. The software that helps us to do calculations on
the computer is called a ………………………… .
A. Calculator
B.  Pen drive
C.  MS Paint
3. System software is like a ………………………… .
A. Manager
B. Teacher
C. Student
4. We can touch and feel the ………………………… .
A.  System software
B.  Application software
C. Hardware

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 Now You Know

1. A computer is an electronic device. It accepts

data, processes it and then gives the result.
This is called the IPO Cycle.

2. Different parts of a computer can be divided

into two categories: hardware and software.

3. Without a software, a computer is of no use.

4. Software can be of two types: application
software and system software.

A. Fill in the blanks.

Exercise

Operating system  system  
electronic  application  CPU

1. The computer is an ………………………… device.

2. The computer cannot run without the
………………………… software.
3. ………………………… software performs one
special kind of task.

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 4. Processing is done by the ………………………….
5. An ………………………… is a part of system
software.
B. Match the following.
1. Computer A. MS Word
2. Input B. Electronic device
3. Input-Process C. CPU
4. Hardware D. -Output
5. Software E. Data entered into
the computer

C. State whether the following sentences are True

or False.
1. A computer is an electronic device.

2. Output is the data that we

enter into a computer.

3. MS Word is a kind of hardware.

4. A computer cannot work without

system software.

5. MS Windows is an application
software.

2121
 D. Tick (ü) the right option.
Output Input Devices

A. Joystick

B. Monitor

C. Mouse

D. Keyboard

E. Printer

F. Speakers

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E. Answer the following questions.
1. What is a computer?
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
2. What is the Input-Process-Output cycle?
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
3. Give any two examples of hardware.
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
4. What are the two kinds of software?
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
5. Write the difference between application
software and system software.
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………

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 Lab Work

A. Go to the computer lab and make a list of

hardware you find there. Also, check the school
computer and make a list of the software
installed.
B. Draw two input devices and two output devices
using Paint.

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