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    Lect 14 HO #1 - Sections

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    Aram Ibrahim
    This document is a handout on sectional drawings prepared by Assistant Lecturer Nazeer M. Ali for first year engineering students. It discusses the purpose of sectional views, which is to reveal interior details of an object that cannot be shown with normal multi-view drawings using hidden lines. The document describes how sectioning works by imagining slicing through an object to expose its interior and then representing the cut surface. It provides examples of different types of sections, such as full sections, half sections, and offset sections. The handout also includes step-by-step instructions on how to draw section lines and cutting planes. Finally, it presents a series of exercises for students to practice creating sectional views of various objects.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lect 14 HO #1 - Sections

    Uploaded by

    Aram Ibrahim
    22 views19 pages
    This document is a handout on sectional drawings prepared by Assistant Lecturer Nazeer M. Ali for first year engineering students. It discusses the purpose of sectional views, which is to reveal interior details of an object that cannot be shown with normal multi-view drawings using hidden lines. The document describes how sectioning works by imagining slicing through an object to expose its interior and then representing the cut surface. It provides examples of different types of sections, such as full sections, half sections, and offset sections. The handout also includes step-by-step instructions on how to draw section lines and cutting planes. Finally, it presents a series of exercises for students to practice creating sectional views of various objects.

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    HO #1_Sections DOC

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    Lect 14 HO #1_Sections DOC

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    This document is a handout on sectional drawings prepared by Assistant Lecturer Nazeer M. Ali for first year engineering students. It discusses the purpose of sectional views, which is to reveal interior details of an object that cannot be shown with normal multi-view drawings using hidden lines. The document describes how sectioning works by imagining slicing through an object to expose its interior and then representing the cut surface. It provides examples of different types of sections, such as full sections, half sections, and offset sections. The handout also includes step-by-step instructions on how to draw section lines and cutting planes. Finally, it presents a series of exercises for students to practice creating sectional views of various objects.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views19 pages

    Lect 14 HO #1 - Sections

    Uploaded by

    Aram Ibrahim
    This document is a handout on sectional drawings prepared by Assistant Lecturer Nazeer M. Ali for first year engineering students. It discusses the purpose of sectional views, which is to reveal interior details of an object that cannot be shown with normal multi-view drawings using hidden lines. The document describes how sectioning works by imagining slicing through an object to expose its interior and then representing the cut surface. It provides examples of different types of sections, such as full sections, half sections, and offset sections. The handout also includes step-by-step instructions on how to draw section lines and cutting planes. Finally, it presents a series of exercises for students to practice creating sectional views of various objects.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    TECHNICAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

    Engineering Drawing & AutoCAD


    First Year

    Assistant Lecturer: Nazeer M. Ali

    Handout #6

    “Sectional Drawings”

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 1


    Sectional Views:

    Often there is a need to show interiors that cannot be illustrated clearly by hidden
    lines. Interiors are shown by slicing through the object resulting in a cutaway view of
    the part.

    Cutaway views are called sectional views, cross sections, or simply sections.

    Sectioning Drawings:

    Sections are used to reveal detail of an object that cannot be shown in a normal
    multi-view drawing.

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 2


    Section Views:
    Many times the interior of an object is so complicated that it is impossible or very
    difficult to represent that interior with conventional hidden lines.
    This often causes confusion in reading and interpreting the drawing. Therefore,
    sectioning is required in these cases.

    Sectioning is a technique by which the object is sliced and the cutaway view of the
    part is then drawn.

    To show the construction clearly in many hollow objects, the front part is imagined to
    be removed to reveal the interior surface.

    Where and when this occurs the edges are represented with solid lines and the cut
    surface is crosshatched or section lined.

    The interior detail is now shown more clearly because the hidden lines have been
    replaced with visible object lines.

    Visualizing a section view


    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 3
    Given the object

    The top view and front view are shown as a typical orthographic projections with
    hidden lines.

    A cutting plane is passed through the object, cutting the object.

    The interior detail is now exposed and will appear as visible object lines

    To clarify the section view even further, the surfaces touched by the cutting plane are
    colored to distinguish between solid material and air space.

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 4


    A cutting-plane line is used to indicate where the section is being cut. The arrow
    indicate the direction of sight.

    Crosshatching or section lining is applied to the surfaces that are in actual contact
    with the cutting plane.

    Sectioning lining symbols can be used to indicate specific materials. These symbols
    represent general material types.

    Because there are so many different types of materials the general purpose cast iron
    symbol can be used for all materials.

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 5


    The correct method of drawing section lines is shown in figure (a). Section lines are
    drawn thin and at an angle of 45 degrees unless there is some advantage in using a
    different angle. Section lines are spaced evenly approximately 1/16” to 1/8” or more
    depending on the sectioned area. As a rule, are spaced generously as possible and yet
    close enough to distinguish clearly the sectioned area.

    If section lines drawn at 45 degrees would result in being parallel or perpendicular to


    a visible object line the angle should be changed to 30 degrees, 60 degrees, or some
    other angle.

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 6


    There are two styles of cutting-plane lines.

    The cutting-plane line in figure (a) is composed of equal dashes approximately 1/4”
    long with arrowheads indicating the direction of sight. For CAD drawings use the line
    type HIDDEN.

    The cutting-plane line in figure (b) is composed of alternate long dashes and pairs of
    short dashes plus arrowheads indicating the direction of sight. For CAD drawings use
    the line type PHANTOM2.

    Cutting-plane lines are drawn as thick as a visible object line or thicker. For CAD
    drawings set the line weight to either 0.020 or 0.030.

    Correct and incorrect relations between cutting-plane lines and corresponding section
    views.

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 7


    1- Full Section

    A full section view is made by passing an imaginary cutting plane fully through an
    object. Normally a view is replaced with the full section view. The section-lined areas
    are those portions that have been in actual contact with the cutting-plane. The figure
    shows an imaginary cutting plane passing fully through an object and half of it being
    removed. In a multiview drawing, a full section view is placed in the same position
    that an unsectioned view would normally occupy; that is, a front section view would
    replace the traditional front view

    2- Half section
    Half sections are created by passing an imaginary cutting plane halfway through an
    object and one quarter of it is removed. Hidden lines are omitted on both halves of the
    section view. External features of the part are drawn on the unsectioned half of the
    view. A center line, not an object line, is used to separate the sectioned half from the
    unsectioned half of the view. Half section views are most often used on parts that are
    symmetrical, such as cylinders

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 8


    3. Offset Sections

    An offset section has its cutting plane bent at 90 degree angles to pass through
    important features. Offset sections are used for complex parts that have a number of
    important features that cannot be sectioned using a straight cutting plane. The cutting
    plane is bent at 90 degrees to pass through the hole, then bent 90 degrees again to
    pass through the slot

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 9


    Examples:
    1- Full Section

    Section Views

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 10


    Exercise 1 (FULL Section)
    Figure shows the isometric view of a machine component. Draw its following views
    as per Third angle method of projections.
    Dimension the view as per the align system. (Scale 1:1)
    (1) Front view (2) Full Sectional top view-AA (3) Left Hand Side View

    Exercise 2
    Sketch shows the isometric view of a machine part. Draw its:
    (1) Full Sectional Front View (2) Top View (3) Left Side View. Dimension the
    view as per the align system. (Scale 1:1)

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 11


    Exercise 3 (FULL Section)
    Figure shows the isometric view of a machine component. Draw its following views
    as per Third angle method of projections. (Scale 1:1)
    (1) Front view (2) Full Sectional Front view-AA (3) Left Hand Side View

    Exercise 4 (FULL Section)


    Figure shows the Isometric view of machine components. Draw its following views,
    using 3rd- angle method of projections. Dimension the view as per the align system.

    (1) Front view (2) Top View (3) Sectional Right Side View - AB

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 12


    Exercise 5 (FULL Section)
    Figure shows the isometric view of a machine component. Draw its following views
    as per Third angle method of projections. (Scale 1:1)
    (1) Full Sectional Front view-AA (2) Top view (3) Right Hand Side View

    Exercise 6 (FULL Section)

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 13


    Exercise 7 (FULL Section)
    Figure shows the isometric view of a machine component. Draw its following views
    as per Third angle method of projections. (Scale 1:1)
    (1) Full Sectional Front view-AA (2) Top view (3) Left Hand Side View

    Exercise 8 (FULL Section)

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 14


    Exercise 9 (HALF Section)

    Draw the front view, top view, side view and sectional front view of the fallowing
    isometric shapes using third angle projections. (Scale 1:1)

    30 DEEP

    Exercise 10 (HALF Section)

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 15


    EXAMPLES

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 16


    EXAMPLES

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 17


    EXAMPLES

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 18


    EXAMPLES
    Web in Section

    References:

    1. Drawing Section Views (PPT), 27 Slides


    2. Sectional Views (PPT), 25 Slides
    3. Sections Views (PDF), 34 Pages
    4. Chapter 3 Sectioning
    5. Sectional Orthographic Projections (PDF 80)
    6. CAAE101 Eng Graphics Textbook (PDF), Pages D-13 to D-19.
    7. www.Engineering108.com (PPT),
    8. Machine Drawing, Ch4, Examples_Pg. 67 (PDF)

    First Year: (Prepared by: Eng. Nazeer M. Ali) Sectioning Drawings 19

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