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Circuits-Resistance
1. At 20°C, four conducting wires made of different ma- Base your answers to questions 4 through 6 on the infor-
terials have the same length and the same diameter. mation and graph below.
Which wire has the least resistance?
1. aluminum A student conducted an experiment to determine the re-
2. gold sistance of a lightbulb. As she applied various potential
3. nichrome differences to the bulb, she recorded the voltages and cor-
4. tungsten responding currents and constructed the graph below.

2. The graph below represents the relationship between

the current in a metallic conductor and the potential
difference across the conductor at constant tempera-
ture.

4. The student concluded that the resistance of the

lightbulb was not constant. What evidence from the
graph supports the student's conclusion?

The resistance of the conductor is

1. 1.0 Ω
2. 2.0 Ω
3. 0.50 Ω 5. According to the graph, as the potential difference in-
4. 4.0 Ω creased, the resistance of the lightbulb
1. decreased
3. The diagram below represents a lamp, a 10-volt bat- 2. increased
tery, and a length of nichrome wire connected in se- 3. changed, but there is not enough information to
ries. know which way

6. While performing the experiment the student noticed

that the lightbulb began to glow and became brighter
as she increased the voltage. Of the factors affecting
resistance, which factor caused the greatest change in
the resistance of the bulb during her experiment?

As the temperature of the nichrome is decreased, the

brightness of the lamp will
1. decrease
2. increase
3. remain the same

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Base your answers to questions 7 through 10 on the information and data table below.

An experiment was performed using various lengths of a conductor of uniform cross-sectional area. The resistance of
each length was measured and the data recorded in the data table.

Using the information in the data table, construct a graph on the grid below, following the directions provided.

7. Mark an appropriate scale on the axis labeled "Length (m)."

8. Plot the data points for resistance versus length.

9. Draw the best-fit line.

10. Calculate the slope of the best-fit line. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

11. Which graph best represents the relationship between resistance and length of a copper wire of uniform cross-
sectional area at constant temperature?

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12. The table below lists various characteristics of two metallic wires, A and B.

If wire A has resistance R, then wire B has resistance

1. R
2. 2R
3. R/2
4. 4R
Base your answers to questions 13 through 15 on the in- 15. What is the resistance at 20°C of a 1.50-meter-long
formation and diagram below. aluminum conductor that has a cross-sectional area of
1.13 × 10-6 meter2?
A circuit contains a 12.0-volt battery, an ammeter, a vari- 1. 1.87 × 10-3 Ω
able resistor, and connecting wires of negligible resistance, 2. 2.28 × 10-2 Ω
as shown below. 3. 3.74 × 10-2 Ω
4. 1.33 × 106 Ω

16. A complete circuit is left on for several minutes,

causing the connecting copper wire to become hot.
As the temperature of the wire increases, the electri-
cal resistance of the wire
1. decreases
The variable resistor is a nichrome wire, maintained at 2. increases
20°C. The length of the nichrome wire may be varied 3. remains the same
from 10 centimeters to 90 centimeters. The ammeter
reads 2 amperes when the length of the wire is 10 cen- 17. Which changes would cause the greatest increase in
timeters. the rate of flow of charge through a conducting wire?
1. increasing the applied potential difference and
13. Determine the resistance of the 10-centimeter length decreasing the length of wire
of nichrome wire. 2. increasing the applied potential difference and
increasing the length of wire
3. decreasing the applied potential difference and
decreasing the length of wire
4. decreasing the applied potential difference and
increasing the length of wire
14. Calculate the cross-sectional area of the nichrome
wire. [Show all work, including the equation and 18. A length of copper wire and a 1.00-meter-long silver
substitution with units.] wire have the same cross-sectional area and resis-
tance at 20°C. Calculate the length of the copper
wire. [Show all work, including the equation and
substitution with units.]

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19. Several pieces of copper wire, all having the same length but different diameters, are kept at room temperature.
Which graph best represents the resistance, R, of the wires as a function of their cross-sectional areas, A?

20. A copper wire at 20°C has a length of 10.0 meters and Base your answers to questions 24 and 25 on the infor-
a cross-sectional area of 1.00 × 10-3 meter2. The wire mation and diagram below.
is stretched, becomes longer and thinner, and returns
to 20°C. What effect does this stretching have on the A 10-meter length of copper wire is at 20°C. The radius
wire's resistance? of the wire is 1.0 × 10-3 meter.

21. A copper wire of length L and cross-sectional area A

24. Determine the cross-sectional area of the wire.
has resistance R. A second copper wire at the same
temperature has a length of 2L and a cross-sectional
area of 0.5A. What is the resistance of the second
copper wire?
1. R
2. 2R
25. Calculate the resistance of the wire. [Show all work,
3. 0.5R
including the equation and substitution with units.]
4. 4R

22. Pieces of aluminum, copper, gold, and silver wire each

have the same length and the same cross-sectional
area. Which wire has the lowest resistance at 20°C
1. aluminum
2. copper
3. gold
4. silver
26. What is the resistance at 20°C of a 2.0-meter length
of tungsten wire with a cross-sectional area of 7.9 ×
23. Which quantity and unit are correctly paired?
10-7 meter2?
1. resistivity and Ω/m
1. 5.7 × 10-1 Ω
2. potential difference and eV
2. 1.4 × 10-1 Ω
3. current and C∙s
3. 7.1 × 10-2 Ω
4. electric field strength and N/C
4. 4.0 × 10-2 Ω

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Base your answers to questions 27 and 28 on the informa- Base your answers to questions 32 and 33 on the infor-
tion below. mation below.

A 1.00-meter length of nichrome wire with a cross-sec- A 3.50-meter length of wire with a cross-sectional area
tional area of 7.85 × 10-7 meter2 is connected to a 1.50- of 3.14 × 10-6 meter2 is at 20° Celsius. The current in
volt battery. the wire is 24.0 amperes when connected to a 1.50-volt
source of potential difference.
27. Calculate the resistance of the wire. [Show all work,
including the equation and substitution with units.] 32. Determine the resistance of the wire.

33. Calculate the resistivity of the wire. [Show all work,

including the equation and substitution with units.]

28. Determine the current in the wire.

29. The electrical resistance of a metallic conductor is in-

versely proportional to its
1. temperature
2. length 34. Aluminum, copper, gold and nichrome wires of equal
3. cross-sectional area lengths of 0.1 meter and equal cross-sectional areas
4. resistivity of 2.5 × 10-6 meter2 are at 20°C. Which wire has the
greatest electrical resistance?
30. A 0.686-meter-long wire has a cross-sectional area of 1. aluminum
8.23 × 10-6 meter2 and a resistance of 0.125 ohm at 2. copper
20° Celsius. This wire could be made of 3. gold
1. aluminum 4. nichrome
2. copper
3. nichrome 35. A 10-meter length of wire with a cross-sectional area
4. tungsten of 3.0 × 10-6 square meter has a resistance of 9.4 × 10-2
ohm at 20° Celsius. The wire is most likely made of
31. Calculate the resistance of 1.00-kilometer length of 1. silver
nichrome wire with a cross-sectional area of 3.50 × 2. copper
10-6 meter2 at 20°C. [Show all work, including the 3. aluminum
equation and substitution with units.] 4. tungsten

36. Which change decreases the resistance of a piece of

copper wire?
1. increasing the wire's length
2. increasing the wire's resistivity
3. decreasing the wire's temperature
4. decreasing the wire's diameter

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37. A 25.0-meter length of platinum wire with a cross-
sectional area of 3.50 × 10-6 meter2 has a resistance
of 0.757 ohm at 20°C. Calculate the resistivity of
the wire. [Show all work, including the equation and
substitution with units.]

38. What is the resistance of a 20.0-meter-long tungsten

rod with a cross-sectional area of 1.00 × 10-4 meter2
at 20° Celsius.
1. 2.80 × 10-5 Ω
2. 1.12 × 10-2 Ω
3. 89.3 Ω
4. 112 Ω

39. During a laboratory experiment, a student finds that

at 20° Celsius, a 6.0-meter length of copper wire has
a resistance of 1.3 ohms. The cross-sectional area of
this wire is
1. 7.9 × 10-8 m2
2. 1.1 × 10-7 m2
3. 4.6 × 100 m2
4. 1.3 × 107 m2

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