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    S05 Bias CKT

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    Alperen ER
    This document discusses current source and bias circuits. It introduces the required features of current sources and bias circuits, such as high output resistance, wide operating range and low process-voltage-temperature sensitivity. It then covers various current source circuits including the basic, Wilson and cascode current mirrors. It also discusses bias circuits like self biasing, proportional to absolute temperature and band gap reference circuits. It provides examples of implementing these circuits and analyzing their characteristics, advantages, limitations and temperature compensation techniques.

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    S05 Bias CKT

    Uploaded by

    Alperen ER
    41 views30 pages
    This document discusses current source and bias circuits. It introduces the required features of current sources and bias circuits, such as high output resistance, wide operating range and low process-voltage-temperature sensitivity. It then covers various current source circuits including the basic, Wilson and cascode current mirrors. It also discusses bias circuits like self biasing, proportional to absolute temperature and band gap reference circuits. It provides examples of implementing these circuits and analyzing their characteristics, advantages, limitations and temperature compensation techniques.

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    This document discusses current source and bias circuits. It introduces the required features of current sources and bias circuits, such as high output resistance, wide operating range and low process-voltage-temperature sensitivity. It then covers various current source circuits including the basic, Wilson and cascode current mirrors. It also discusses bias circuits like self biasing, proportional to absolute temperature and band gap reference circuits. It provides examples of implementing these circuits and analyzing their characteristics, advantages, limitations and temperature compensation techniques.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views30 pages

    S05 Bias CKT

    Uploaded by

    Alperen ER
    This document discusses current source and bias circuits. It introduces the required features of current sources and bias circuits, such as high output resistance, wide operating range and low process-voltage-temperature sensitivity. It then covers various current source circuits including the basic, Wilson and cascode current mirrors. It also discusses bias circuits like self biasing, proportional to absolute temperature and band gap reference circuits. It provides examples of implementing these circuits and analyzing their characteristics, advantages, limitations and temperature compensation techniques.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 30

    CSE 577 Spring 2011

    Current Source & Bias Circuits

    Insoo Kim, Kyusun Choi


    Mixed Signal CHIP Design Lab.
    Department of Computer Science & Engineering
    The Pennsylvania State University
    Introduction
     Required Features of Current Source
     High Rout
     Wide Operation Range
     Constant Current Source
     Low PVT (Process, Voltage, Temperature) Sensitivity

     Required Features of Bias Circuit


     Low Rout
     Low PVT Sensitivity

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Current Source

    • Basic Current Source


    • Wilson Current Mirror
    • Cascode Current Mirror
    Ideal vs. Actual Current Source

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Simple NMOS Current Source

    What’s the bad feature of this?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Cascode Current Source

    What’s the bad feature of this?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Basic Current Mirror

    What’s the bad feature of this?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Wilson Current Mirror

    g m1 (W / L)1
    • I out = I ref ⋅ = I ref ⋅
    g m2 (W / L) 2

    What’s the drawback of this circuit?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Cascode Current Mirror

    But, it still has limited output swing problem.

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Wide Swing Cascode Current Mirror

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Bias Circuits

    • Self Bias Circuits


    • PTAT Bias Circuits
    • Band gap Reference
    Power Supply Dependency of Current Source

    Consideration Factors
    - VDD
    - Channel Length Modulation
    - Transistor Mismatch

    How do we generate Iref independent


    of the supply voltage?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Self Biasing Circuit

    What’s role of Rs?

    What’s the advantage of these circuits?


    What’s the problem of these circuits?
    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim
    Improved Self Biasing Circuit

    Improved Circuit with Start-up Circuit


    Improved Circuit eliminating * This Circuit is practical only if
    Body Effect

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    A Simple Temperature Compensation Concept

    0℃
    ℃
    VDD VDD
    90℃
    ℃
    M1(Ids)
    Negative TC Positive TC

    vr0 ZTC
    v (Zero Temperature Coefficient)

    M1

    R1 M1(Vgs)
    1. R1 is a conductor which has positive TC
    2. M1 has negative TC below ZTC point
    (Semiconductor)
    3. If we control Vr0 below ZTC point, Vr0 become less
    Self Bias Circuit sensitive to temperature due to opposite TC of M1
    and R1

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Case Study (I) – Self Bias Circuit in DRAM

    starter

    ⓐ ⓑ

    For Temp.
    Compensation pmos diode
    Vext
    ⓑ
    vref
    ⓐ

    What’s the drawback of these circuits?


    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim
    Case Study (II) – Self Bias Circuit in DRAM
    Why does this circuit need the voltage buffer?
    Why are PMOS current mirrors stacked in the reference bias circuit?
    Voltage Buffer vr1
    ⓐ
    starter For Temp.
    Compensation

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    VBE Referenced CMOS Self-
    Self-bias Circuit

    How do we fabricate BJT in CMOS


    * Temperature Sensitivity ~ - 4000 ppm/C
    Process Technology?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Realization of pnp BJT in CMOS Technology

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Vth Referenced CMOS Self-
    Self-Bias Circuit

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Thermal Voltage Referenced CMOS Self-
    Self-Bias Circuit

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Thermal Voltage Referenced CMOS Self-
    Self-Bias Circuit

    * Temp.
    Sensitivity ~
    +3300 ppm/C

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    CMOS Band gap Reference

    What’s the problem?

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    (cont’d) CMOS Band gap Reference

    Actual Implementation of CMOS Band Gap Reference

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Actual Implementation of CMOS Band gap Reference

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Design Lab. – Self Bias Circuit with Temp. Compensation

     Schematics

    * AMIS 0.5um Tech

    (a) Basic Schematic (b) actual implementation

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Design Lab. – Self Bias Circuit with Temp. Compensation

     Simulation Results

    VDD
    Vr0b

    Vr0 (a)

    Vr0 (b)

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Design Lab. – Self Bias Circuit with Temp. Compensation

     Simulation Results – Temp. Compensation


    90C
    25C 90C
    25C

    (a) (a)
    -10C -10C

    (b) (b)

    Vr0 Current

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    Design Lab. – Self Bias Circuit with Temp. Compensation

     Zero Temperature Coefficient Point

    90C

    25C

    -10C
    0.82V

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim


    References
     Joongho Choi, “CMOS analog IC Design,” IDEC Lecture
    Note, Mar. 1999.
     B. Razavi, “Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits,”
    McGraw-Hill, 2001.
     Hongjun Park, “CMOS Analog Integrated Circuits
    Design,” Sigma Press, 1999.

    2/22/2011 Insoo Kim

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