THE MEGA OCEANARIUM

Submitted
by

HIKMATH RAHAMATHULLAH .Y (Reg. No 311711251016)

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE
under

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE

MOHAMED SATHAK A J ACADEMY OF ARCHITECTURE,

CHENNAI - 603103

Affiliated to

ANNA UNIVERSITY
CHENNAI – 600025

MAY 2016

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THESIS REPORT 2016
 MOHAMED SATHAK A JACADEMYOFARCHITECTURE
Approved by Council of Architecture & affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
34, Old Mahabalipuram Road, IT Highway, Egattur ,Chennai- 603103

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Thesis Report is the bonafide work of Y. Hikmath Rahamathullah
(Reg. No. 311711251016) who carried out the thesis entitled “THE MEGA
OCEANARIUM” under our supervision from January 2016 to May 2016.

Prof. Ar. J. Subramanian

External Examiner External Guide

Ar. Devadhayalan Prof. Ar. S. Porchelvi

Internal Guide Thesis coordinator

Prof. Ar. T. Sathish Kumar Prof. Ar. H. Mohammed Idris

Head of the Department Principal

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 DECLARATION

I, HIKMATH RAHAMATHULLAH Y (Reg. No. 311711251016) hereby declare that the

Project Report entitled “THE MEGA OCEANARIUM” done by me under the guidance of
Ar.Devadhayalan (Internal) and Prof.Ar.J.Subramanian (External) at Mohamed Sathak AJ
Academy of Architecture, Chennai-603103 is submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of Bachelor of Architecture degree.

DATE:
PLACE: SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the whole process of completing my thesis proposal on The Mega Oceanarium, a number of
people helped me along the way. I wish to express my hearty appreciation towards all the staff
members who has given me helping hand.

I am thankful to our Dean, Prof.A.Mohammed Haris, for his continuous support and
encouragement. I’m also thankful to the Director, Mr.S.M.Hamid Ali.

I would like to express my gratitude towards our Principal, Prof.H.Mohammed Idris for his
guidance throughout the project completion.

I am also thankful to our Head of the Department, Ar.T.Sathish Kumar and External guide,
Prof.Ar.J.Subramanian and other panel staff members for their timely discussion and
encouragement.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to my internal guide, Ar.Devadhayalan for his
continuous guidance, support and sincere advice throughout the completion of the project.

I would like to express my sincere thanks to Ar.S.Porchelvi, for his timely guidance and
advice for the thesis project.
I would like to convey my hearty thank all the people who has helped through the case studies
for the project, with relevant information’s and guidance.

My sincere gratitude and special thanks to my Parents and family members, who stood beside
me as a pillar of support, throughout the completion of the project, providing their sincere
support and motivation.

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 ABSTRACT
Oceanarium can be briefly defined as the large scale conservatory of marine life in their
respective biomes. The driving force for the selection of an Oceanarium design as a
thesis topic was primarily to explore the world of public spaces and how exposes to it.
Oceanarium offered a lifetime opportunity to design a completely new space and in the
process analyze the contrast between public and private spaces. Also the topic offered a
chance to explore the new world and an opportunity to face the challenges that it had to
offer.

This project signifies the single collective space of attracting all the requirements such
as Oceanarium lobby synced with Restaurant which is fairly connected to the resort, the
outdoor lagoon and the lake pavilion comprised to the total area of approximately 20
acres of built and under one roof structure.

The site for the project is chosen in Puthuvypin Island, Kerala of around 160 acres in
which the 60 acres of mangrove forest on one side as an eco-sensitive zone. Thus the site
is conserved at one side and a very open towards the marine background while the
Cochin backwater around it makes a new environment of biodiversity to locate the ideal
Oceanarium.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................. 8

1.1.1 OUTLINE OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................... 8

1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................................... 8

1.3 THE NEED OF OCEANARIUM IN INDIA ..................................................................... 9

1.4 NECCESSITY OF OCEANARIUM .................................................................................. 9

1.5 NEED FOR MARINE RESEARCH CENTER ................................................................. 9

2. HISTORY ............................................................................................................................ 10

2.1 HISTROY OF AQUARIUM.............................................................................................. 10

2.2 HISTROY OF OCEANARIUM ........................................................................................ 10

3. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .............................................................................. 12

3.1 REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................. 12

3.2 WATER SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................... 12

3.3 EXHIBIT DESIGN .............................................................................................................. 12

3.4 EXHIBIT CONSTRUCTION ............................................................................................ 13

4. SPECIAL STUDY (AQUARIUM TUNNEL) .............................................................. 15

4.1 SHAPES OF AQUARIUM TUNNELS ........................................................................... 15

4.1.1 CYLINDRICAL AQUARIUM TUNNEL .............................................................. 15

4.1.2 OPTIMIZED AQUARIUM TUNNEL .................................................................... 16

4.1.3 RECTANGULAR AQUARIUM TUNNEL ........................................................... 16

4.2 ACRYLIC PANELS ........................................................................................................... 17

4.3 GLASS VS. ACRYLIC: A COMPARISION .................................................................. 18

4.4 CLEANING ACRYLIC WINDOWS ............................................................................... 19

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 4.5 OPTICAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR ACRYLIC WINDOWS...... 20

4.6 ACRYLIC SHEET SIZES .................................................................................................. 21

4.7 PROCESSING ACRYLIC ................................................................................................. 23

4.8 AREA STATEMENT ......................................................................................................... 25

5. CASESTUDIES .............................................................................................................. 29

5.1 CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE .................................... 29

5.2 MONTEREY BAY AQUARIUM ..................................................................................... 34

6. SITE AND ITS LOCATION ................................................................................... 40

7. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................... 42

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 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 OUTLINE OF THE PROJECT

Oceanarium can be briefly defined as the large scale conservatory of marine life in their
respective biomes. The driving force for the selection of an Oceanarium design as a thesis
topic was primarily to explore the world of public spaces and how exposes to it. Oceanarium
offered a lifetime opportunity to design a completely new space and in the process analyze
the contrast between public and private spaces. Also the topic offered a chance to explore the
new world and an opportunity to face the challenges that it had to offer.

This project signifies the single collective space of attracting all the requirements such as
Oceanarium lobby synced with Restaurant which is fairly connected to the resort, the outdoor
lagoon and the lake pavilion comprised to the total area of approximately 20 acres of built
and under one roof structure.

The site for the project is chosen in Puthuvypin Island, Kerala of around 160 acres in which
the 60 acres of mangrove forest on one side as an eco-sensitive zone. Thus the site is
conserved at one side and a very open towards the marine background while the Cochin
backwater around it makes a new environment of biodiversity to locate the ideal Oceanarium.

1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT

The aim of the project is to explore the need of an oceanarium and how it has a direct
impact on the marine mammal life. Oceanarium go a long way in forming the first step
towards their protection and wellbeing through the propagation of information. It is
explained how the oceanarium creates awareness by providing chance to view marine
animals up close and also the role that oceanarium play in preservation of critically
endangered species.
Since the oceanarium site is located in Kerala, the god’s own country, it is obviously
meant for the tourism. Apart from promoting tourism, the proposed project is envisaged
to provide facilities for propagating awareness about marine environment and bio-
diversity and it also provides the resort and recreations to ensure the tourist’s
satisfaction.

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1.3 THE NEED OF OCEANARIUM IN INDIA
When it comes to India is a prime candidate. Being surrounded by water on three sides,
India has one of the coast line in the world which is rich in marine life. Marine life which
is being ignored due to its inappropriate provision for marine life preservation. Thus an
introduction of an oceanarium can go along a long way in educating people about the
ocean.

1.4 NECCESSITY OF OCEANARIUM:

Oceanarium are more difficult to maintain than freshwater aquarium. Changes in salinity
conditions confound the relationship between temperature, acidity, and oxygen levels of
an aquatic system and create complex maintenance problems that require constant
attention if sensitive fishes and other organisms are to be kept in a healthy state.
Architecturally, the material used to preserve the fishes especially in the sea water has to
be considered.
However, Oceanarium has certain advantages that many more species can live in marine
environment than in freshwater system, so that a greater diversity of displays is possible.
In addition, the salt water environment permits the holding of such large and impressive
animals as sharks, rays, and marine turtles, as well as seagoing mammals (e.g., Dolphins,
Whales, and manatees). Many Oceanarium make full use of ability of whales and
dolphins to be trained, devising special acrobatic shows for the public.

1.5 NEED FOR MARINE RESEARCH CENTER:

A number of Oceanarium are associated with research or educational programs of
universities, biological stations and marine institutes. Arrangements may be reciprocal in
that Oceanarium can provide facilities for student training or experiments while the
academic or research units can contribute specimens and professional advices about the
care of marine organism.

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 2. HISTORY

2.1 HISTROY OF AQUARIUM

In In the Roman Empire, the first fish to be brought indoors was the sea barbell, which was
kept under guest beds in small tanks made of marble. Introduction of glass panes around the
year 50 allowed Romans to replace one wall of marble tanks, improving their view of the
fish. In 1369, the Chinese Emperor, Hóngwǔ, established a porcelain company that produced
large porcelain tubs for maintaining goldfish; over time, people produced tubs that
approached the shape of modern fish bowls.

The keeping of fish in an aquarium became a popular hobby and spread quickly. In the
United Kingdom, it became popular after ornate aquaria in cast iron frames were featured at
the Great Exhibition of 1851. In 1853, the first large public aquarium opened in the London
Zoo and came to be known as the Fish House. Philip Henry Gosse was the first person to
actually use the word “aquarium. In the 1850s, the aquarium became a fad in the United
Kingdom. Tank designs and techniques for maintaining water quality were developed by
Warrington.

Germans soon rivaled the British in their interest. In 1854, an anonymous author had two
articles published about the saltwater aquaria of the United Kingdom: Die Gartenlaube (The
Garden House) entitled Der Ocean auf dem Tische (The Ocean on the Table). However, in
1856, Der See im Glase (The Lake in a Glass) was published, discussing freshwater aquaria,
which were much easier to maintain in landlocked areas. During the 1870s, some of the first
aquarist societies were appearing in Germany. The United States soon followed. Published in
1858, Henry D. Butler’s The Family Aquarium was one of the first books written in the
United States solely about the aquarium. According to the July issue of The North American
Review of the same year, William Stimson may have owned some of the first functional
aquaria, and had as many as seven or eight. The first aquarist society in the United States was
founded in New York City in 1893, followed by others. The New York Aquarium Journal,
first published in October 1876, is considered to be the world’s first aquarium magazine.

In the Victorian era in the United Kingdom, a common design for the home aquarium was a
glass front with the other sides made of wood (made watertight with a pitch coating). The
bottom would be made of slate and heated from below. More advanced systems soon began

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to be introduced, along with tanks of glass in metal frames. During the latter half of the 19th
century, a variety of aquarium designs were explored, such as hanging the aquarium on a
wall, mounting it as part of a window, or even combining it with a birdcage.

2.2 HISTORY OF OCEANARIUIM

Marine land of Florida, one of the first theme parks in Florida, USA, started in 1938, claims
to be "the world's first Oceanarium" Marine land of Florida was developed as Marine
Studios near St. Augustine in Marine land, Florida, which was followed in Florida by Miami
Sea aquarium, opened in 1955 and in California by Marine land of the Pacific, opened in
1954 near Los Angeles, and Marine World, Africa USA, opened in 1968 near San Francisco.
SeaWorld San Diego was opened in 1964, developed by four fraternity brothers Milt Shedd,
Ken Norris, David DeMott and George Millay. SeaWorld Aurora opened in 1970
near Cleveland, Ohio. SeaWorld Orlando was opened in 1973.

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 2. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

3.1 REQUIREMENTS
The first step to accomplishing an increased public awareness of mammals is to keep
them successfully in captivity. Keeping marine mammals is an expensive and complex task.
Exhibit requirements are much greater than for terrestrial species. Some aspects of animal
requirements and exhibits design are similar regardless of the taxonomic group of marine
mammals being exhibits while others vary from one type to another. Confining a marine
animals to a pool can have a great impact on the animal’s health because bacteria and fungi
are able to cling easily into the pool as they do in water. Thus maintaining the water quality is
more important in Oceanarium.

3.2 WATER SYSTEMS

There are three main types of aquatic system for captive marine organisms a complete
flow through system in which water is pumped directly in and out of primary holding pool
without any treatment; a partial flow through system, where the water is treated before going
into the primary pool and closed loop system, where the primary pool is filled with water
which is then recirculated through the treatment process for a given period before being
discarded. The ideal system is the complete flow through system but, usually this is only cost
effective if one is setup along a coast which has no coastal pollution.
There are two basic needs in water treatment for marine animals exhibits; one to
remove particulate matter so that the visual clarity for visitors will be good and the other is to
remove biological and chemical matter that is potentially harmful to animals. Removal of
particulate matter is accomplished by mechanical filtration. Control of bacteria and fungi is
accomplished by some disinfectant and oxidizing agent.

3.3 EXHIBIT DESIGN

Flexibility: It allows periodic alteration and new exhibits which is important and it
responds to the increasingly sophisticated demands of its visitors.
Planning: In an aquarium complex with several displays the sequence of the exhibits
and information must be easily understood by the visitors. It may combine large tank display
housing a variety of animals, with small tanks showing aspects of aquatic life in detail. the
trend is to encompass entire ecosystems and present living animals within the context of their
habitat, in its widest sense, while also conveying information on animal behavior , ecological
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and geographical aspects, water conservation and pollution, the fishing industry and tidal
mechanics.
Water treatment: Water quality is utmost importance, as it provides the life supporting
medium for marine animals. Water treatment must remove animal waste, prevent growth of
harmful micro-organism, remove toxic chemicals and maintain the water clarity for viewing.
Most aquariums have been located near the sea and have an unlimited supply or sea water.
When unpolluted water is unavailable a closed system in which water is re-circulated is used.
The water management filter system includes sand and gravel filters, diatomaceous earth
filter, biological and ultraviolet filter, treatments to ozone and chlorine.

3.5 EXHIBIT CONSTRUCTION

Improvements in glass and acrylic, from which are made the view panels used for
enclosing aquarium tanks and marine animal pools, have enabled the visitors to have a close
view of aquatic life.
Despite the advantage in glass technology in recent years it cannot offer the veracity
provided by the acrylics. Not only can acrylic be manufactured in cured shapes but it is also
possible to achieve virtually invisible full strength joints between panels of very considerate
thickness and strength. In addition, it can shaped into dome and cylindrical sections. Dome
windows that project onto the tank and the tunnels heightens the water experience, while
cylindrical tanks are practically affective when displaying shoaling fish.
Acrylic is also a good insulator and it can cope with temperature differential such as
with hot, humid or cold water exhibits that could promote condensation. Acrylic panels can
be assembled with mullions, sealant joints or with bonded joints. The latter joints can be
almost invisible but if created without structural mullions they have to be designed to
incorporate a high factor of safety.
Exhibits require color filtration to compensate for the greenish tinge. To reduce the
likelihood of condensation, glass panels have to incorporate an intermediate space filled with
inert gas of the space can be ventilated to remove condensation. Fire presents hazards to both
glass and acrylic the former will crack and the latter is inflammable, so floodlights and
heaters have to provide with care.

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 4. SPECIAL STUDY

AQUARIUM TUNNEL
An Aquarium Tunnel is the most effective way to allow people to be underwater without actually
getting wet. The view of fish and other aquatic wildlife from underneath is the most unique and
unnatural view available. There is something very ominous about a shark swimming overhead
less than three feet away.
The Aquarium Tunnel can be used both in freshwater and saltwater exhibits. Even open water
tunnels have been constructed. Such a tunnel consists of acrylic panels, which are arched in large
ovens, in order to form these magnificent overhead tanks. Aquarium tunnels can be of 180
degree angle, rectangular or of different shape.

4.1 SHAPES OF AQUARIUM TUNNELS

4.1.1 Cylindrical Aquarium Tunnel

Tunnels are typically cylindrical in design. The most common tunnel has a
constant radius and spans 180°. These tunnels can be faceted to make turns within the tank. The
ideal tunnel has the viewer at some point completely surrounded by water so that in whatever
direction they look, they only see water. A tunnel design can and many times does span beyond
180° to provide the
viewer with a
panoramic view of
the tank interior.
This type of design
requires some
unique coordination
regarding the
installation.

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4.1.2 Optimized Aquarium Tunnel
There is an option other
than the cylindrical design when designing
tunnels. Since the water pressure at the top
of the tunnel is less than the water pressure
at the bottom, the acrylic window designer
can take advantage of the differential and
provide an optimized tunnel profile that is
more elliptical in shape. When the width of
the tunnel gets wide and the shape is
cylindrical, the top of the tunnel starts
getting quite high. If the top of the tunnel is
too far above the heads of the people in the
tunnel, then the feeling of being underwater
starts to be lost. Optimizing the tunnel
brings the top of the tunnel closer to the
people in the tunnel, returning that intimate
underwater feel. Properly designed, the
optimized tunnel shape can lower the stress
and movement of the acrylic tunnel; thus, the design thickness can be reduced, providing a cost
savings as well better aesthetics. The optimized design works best for tunnel profiles that are
very wide where the water is not too high above the top of the acrylic. Optimized tunnel sections
are specific to the width and depth of the tunnel. The optimized tunnel can be worked into
numerous aquatic environments and its design naturally varies on width and depth. However this
type of design works best in a wide aquarium space and just below the surface of the water.

4.1.3 Rectangular Aquarium Tunnel

Tunnels can be made in a rectangular shape. This is an expensive option because
the acrylic needs to be thicker than with the cylindrical or optimized design options since the tensile

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stresses tend to be quite high.
The rectangular shape also
offers the poorest view.
Unlike the curved tunnel
designs which offer
uninterrupted views, the flat
panel tunnels have a
disjointed view since the
animals must swim past the
corners of the acrylic panels
that are on different planes. Because of these disadvantages, rectangular tunnels are not the choice
of architects designing aquaria.

4.2 ACRYLIC PANELS

Acrylic Panels – more translucent than glass and a great insulator – are used as an
alternative to traditional float glass. When it comes to withstanding pressure acrylic panels are
superior as they are less brittle and hold back higher loads. That is why it is the material of choice
for underwater viewing.

Acrylic Panels have the following attributes:

• A clear, distortion-free view

• Ease of care and clean

• Extremely high stability and break resistance.

• Good heat insulation.

• Very good thermoformability.

• Excellent weather resistance.

• Predictable long-term behaviour.

• Low dimensional tolerances.

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4.3 GLASS VS. ACRYLIC: A COMPARISION
Acrylic glass transmits more light than glass. Up to 92% of visible light is
transmitted through acrylic. Mineral glass transmits 80-90%, depending on type of glass and
manufacturer. This is especially relevant, when comparing load bearing transparent materials.
These windows are mostly several centimetres thick. Load bearing mineral glass that we know of
is derived from bullet-proof glass – in relation to acrylic it appears milky.

Safety glass consists of multiple layers of mineral glazing, separated by plastic laminate. When
safety glass is used for open top swimming pool glazing , the top is exposed to direct sunlight.
This does lead to yellowing.
Heat Insulation: The value of Thermal Conductivity is much higher for acrylic than for laminated
glazing. For most types of acrylic is 0.19 W/mK. This means: no condensation on the acrylic
window and few heat loss. Double glazing on the other hand is a much better insulator than even
thick acrylic windows. But double glazing cannot be used under water.
Acrylic can be easily processed – quite similar to wood.
The surface of acrylic is softer and more easily scratched than mineral glass. It is advised to
check acrylic cleaning guidelines in order to prevent abrasive or chemical damage. However, it is
easy to polish acrylic in order to remove blemishes. Scuffed mineral glass would need to be
replaced.
Acrylic glass is less dense – its density can range from 1150-1190 kg/m3. This is less than half the
density of glass which ranges 2400 to 2800 kg/m3. Transportation and assembling of acrylic
building materials are consequently easier and cheaper.
Acrylic glass has a higher impact strength than glass and will not shatter. Shattering is wanted by
most applications where tempered (tough-ended) glass is used, (e.g.) in automobiles. However it
is not wanted for most others. Non-shattering makes Acrylic the ideal material for applications
where it would induce fatal losses, like in submarine windows. Polycarbonate is also a great
material that does not shatter.
While there are benefits to both Plexiglas and mineral glass viewing panels depending on the
application, in recent years, acrylic has surpassed mineral glass in versatility and multiple uses.
The use of glass in underwater technology is declining.

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4.4 CLEANING ACRYLIC WINDOWS

Diver cleaning aquarium tank

Dirt cannot cling to the smooth surfaces of acrylic. But, plastics might become statically
charged and, as a result, attract dust. Out of doors this is usually prevented by air and moisture,
whereas in closed rooms this phenomenon is promoted by mechanical friction at the plastics’
surfaces, air currents and dry air.

Dust is removed with water and some dishwashing liquid, using a soft, non-lining cloth
or sponge. Never wipe the acrylic surface dry. A Micro clean cloth or other non-fuzzing paper
towel, slightly dampened with water, has a streak-free cleaning effect.

Acrylic is the best glazing material to be used underwater. How to clean the water side of
the glazing? Obviously the use of detergents is prohibited, as this would spoil the surrounding
water in the tank. Most large scale aquaria and many small aquaria use acrylic. Some sort of
algae is able to grow on the glazing surface, so cleaning once in a while is necessary. The most
popular method is to use standard window washers instead of using cleaning liquid – the algae
can be easily brushed off.

To remove more obstinate and especially greasy stains from acrylic, petroleum ether or
benzene may be used. As analysed, 30 minutes of Isopropanol load can cause severe crazing in
Plexiglas at 37 deg. C.
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 Large acrylic surfaces can be cleaned with high pressure cleaners with the pressure of 50
to 100 bar and a water temperature of 50 to 80 degree Celsius. If the acrylic itself is damaged the
acrylic surface can be treated with polishing.

4.5 OPTICAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR ACRYLIC WINDOWS

Typical optical quality in spherical sector windows. Curtesy of J.Stachiw

The optical transmission properties of acrylic glass is excellent. It’s value is about 92 compared
to 90 of float glass.

The air or “dry” side optical performance demanded of the windows in an aquarium is similar to
that of picture windows in stores or residences (except that minor wet side distortions are
corrected by the interference with the water). A well-finished acrylic panel of any thickness
should allow, without any difficulty, the reading of typewritten text of the size 7 lines per column
inch (7 lpi) and 16 characters to the linear inch (16 cpi or 16 pitch) located 50 cm behind the
panel in air. To achieve this performance, the surfaces shall be polished, smooth, without

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obvious surface irregularities in the form of waviness, ridges, pits, dimples, bumps, scratches, or
scruffs.

4.6 ACRYLIC SHEET SIZES

Acrylic panels are casted in standard sizes and thicknesses. Even though it is possible to join
several panels together in a process called bonding, we recommend to take our standard sizes as
a possible starting point of your building project. This will help you to stay inside your budget’s
limits.
We define acrylic panels of more than 30mm thickness as Acrylic Blocks. Acrylic Blocks can be
up to 180mm thick, but even more is possible on request (seldom needed). These blocks are
mostly used as transparent structural elements, such as underwater glazing, architecture,
transparent barriers and art.

Acrylic Panels of less than 30mm thickness are called Acrylic Sheet. A wide range of non-load-
bearing products is manufactured from acrylic sheet. It is used for furniture, automotive, framing
and other.

Acrylic Sheet Sizes – Production 1

Size [mm] Thickness [mm]

2000 x 1500 30-300-(If specified can be upto750)

3000 x 2000

3800 x 1800

5000 x 2000

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 6000 x 2200 and 6000 x 3000

Acrylic Sheet Sizes – Production 2

Size [mm] Thickness [mm]

3300 x 2450 8, 10, 12, 15

3500 x 2540 8, 10, 12, 15

3800 x 2750 6, 8, 10, 12, 15

3100 x 3100 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 100

4100 x 3100 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 100

5100 x 3100 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 100

6100 x 3100 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 100

8000 x 3000 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 100

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4.7 PROCESSING ACRYLIC

General acrylic processing services include:

 Engineering and Design, especially in the fields of engineering and transparent acrylic

 Structural analysis including FEA methods for components, with focus on water
pressure
 Individual Sourcing of Acrylic Blocks and Sheet (based on our standard window
sizes)
 Cutting Acrylic – both analogue and water jet
 Polishing Acrylic
 Acrylic Thermoforming
 Joining Acrylic Components + Bonding PMMA Blocks
 Logistics for exceptional transportation of oversized acrylic formats and are
shipped, factory sealed and tested.

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  Inspection and Servicing

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 AREA STATEMENT FOR OCENARIUM CUM RESEARCH CENTER

NO REQUIREMENTS AREA(sq.m) TOTAL AREA

IN sq.m

1. Marine Research Centre 6831

Lobby + Guest lounge 120

Reception 12

Toilets(2no.s) 18

Curatorial office 100

Dining room 75

Laboratories
Water Quality Lab 50 685

Necropsy lab 100

Research lab (5no.s) 250

Freezer 30
Cooler 20
Specimen Collection Room 30
Brood bank 60
Food Preparation Room 100
Storage 25
Cold Storage 20
Quarantine 4300
Plant Quarantine 100
Fish Quarantine 3500
Mammal Holding 200
Maintenance storage 70
Drug Storage 50
Medical office 20
Shark Holding 250
Exotic Fish Holding 60
Reptile Holding 80
Back of Quarantine 100
Trash Storage 50
Academic Zone 630
Lecture Hall(2no.s) 120
Library 100
Staff Room 35

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 Director’s Room 15
Volunteer’s Room 30
Conference Hall 100
Toilets (4no.s) 45
Diver’s locker and amenity room 20
Changing Room 15
Diving Training zone 50
MEGAMER facility 100
Circulation (15%) 891

2. Life supporting system 2832

Water filtration 2500
Security office 20
Security Control room 30
Mechanic room 25
Circulation (10%) 257

3. Auditorium 2134
Pre – Functional area 200
Seating (750) 1500
Stage 100
Green room(2no.s) 30
Control room 30
Toilets (10no.s) 80
Circulation (10%) 194

4. Entrance plaza 1276

Reception 200
Interpretation 100
Ticketing 15
Group visit corridor 15
Security 15
First aid 15
Souvenir 150
OAT 100
Play Area (Skating) 300
Public Toilets 250
Display and Circulation (10%)

5. Admin 1085
Lobby + Waiting 75
Director + PA + Toilet 42
Assistant Director + Toilet 28
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 Museum Curator + Toilet 28
Oceanarium Curator + Toilet 28
Resort Curator + Toilet 28
Admin offices 200
Secretary 15
Tour Guide office 10
Curatorial office 100
Safety deposit room 20
Conference room 60
Storage / Stationery 35
Lecture Room(2no.s) 120
Toilets (4no.s) 40
Locker Room and Changing room 50
Staff Dining 60
Circulation (15%) 140

6. Oceanarium 15453
Lobby 150
Sheltered walkway 200
Leisure Pavilion 1500
Restaurant 700
Underwater vision 300
Promenade 500

Main Pavilion 8521

Aquarium Alley + Display hall 250
Aqua Terrarium + Display hall 500
Lagoons + Display Corridor 250
Underwater Tunnel 1500
Predator tank 750
Underwater Alley (Themed) 2000
The Shark tank + Display hall 1500
Touch tanks and pools 300
Mammal tanks (Themed) 750
Toilets 90
Service corridor and Circulation space (8%) 631

Secondary Pavilion 4136

The Extended Lake Site specified
Musical Fountain 200
Shops 1000
Cafeteria 250
Cinema theatre 1000
Marine Museum 350
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THESIS REPORT 2016
 Toilets 90
Mangrove zone Site specified
Fish Spa Therapy 100
Rescue Centre 50
Medical 20
Promenade 500
Boat Dock 200
Circulation space (10%) 376

Polar Pavilion
Artificial Polar alley 1000 1296
Display Area 200
Circulation (8%) 96

Tertiary pavilion (Resort) 10000(app)

Administration 500
OAT 300
Standard Rooms (50 Rooms of 40sq.m) 2000
Cottages (Themed 1 and 2) (30no.s of app.120sq.m) 4000
Restaurants 700
Recreations 750
Staff area 240
Service area + circulation 800

7. Services 225
Electrical room 30
Generator room 35
Water supply from the sea and the lake Site specified
Induction control area 25
Compressed air system 35
Others 100

8. Parking Area 10950

Cars (600+50) 7800
Bikes (650+130) 1500
Helipad 150
Harbor 1500

Site Area (120 acres)

-Mangrove zone (60 acres)
-OSR (10%) (12 acres)
-100 m setback from estuaries (27 acres)
Plot coverage (25%) (30 acres)

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 5. CASESTUDIES

5.1 CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE

ESTABILISHED BY : GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

LOCATION :COCHIN
BUILT ON : 1986
CENTER : HEADQUARTERS

Over 65 years the Institute has emerged as a leading tropical marine fisheries research institute
in the world. One of the major achievements of CMFRI is the development and refinement of a
unique method for estimation of fishery catch and effort from the over 8000 km coastline called
the "Stratified Multistage Random Sampling Method”..
Consequently, a major part of the research effort was diverted towards sea farming and coastal
mariculture. CMFRI,Cochin has its own wet and dry research laborartories with various
department of studies in marine organisms.This Institute has Filteration units, Marinereef
Aquarium, the Marine Museum and Library for the purpose of experimenting the research and
studies. The training institute with hostel facilities can also be incorporated for the scholars from
all over India to learn and to experiment the research. The canteen, the guest rooms and the
conference hall is also be a part of this building for furthur facilities.

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THESIS REPORT 2016
MARINEREEF AQUARIUM:
Aquarium is the important feature that should have to be in the marine research units for the
experiments and research to conduct instantly with the coral reefs, marine organisms and its
different species.

FILTRATION UNIT:
Marine organisms are used to live in a underwater environment with a quality of water at a
particular pressure.
These nutrients and qualities in the water has to be maintained by the filtration to comfort the
marine organisms.
The filtration units undergoes various processes and checks to supply the aquarium tanks and
the experiment tanks such as
brood ta nks to give the prior
environment condition to the
marine organisms.

MARINE MUSEUM:
Marine museum is the one
which is very useful for the
research laboratories for taking
samples of marine organisms
cells till tissues, from the
specimens.
It is also used by the public for the
study of its structure and its metabolisms
and thus to understand the existing of various marine species.

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THESIS REPORT 2016
LIBRARY:
The library plays a significant role in marine biology and biotechnology to reveal the variuos
informations and fact for the research and experiments. Here, the scientists researches and theory
can be published.Sixty-five-year-
old Central Marine Fisheries
Research Institute is the country’s
largest repository on fisheries
data and a leading figure in
research.
SEACAGE FARM:
1. The cage is moored to
the ocean floor.
2. Feeding with fish meal.
3. Buoyant tubes
4. Fish faeces and waste.

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THESIS REPORT 2016
SCUBA DIVING AND THE TRANSPORT FACILITIES:
Scuba diving is one of the
important feature available in the CMFRI
for the scuba divers to participate in
finding the required species near the
coastal region especially in the available
of coral reefs.
The transportation from the research centre to the backwaters or to the sea through their
own motor boats.

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THESIS REPORT 2016
 5.2 MONTEREY BAY AQUARIUM
LOCATION : MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA
SITE AREA : 3.3 ACRES.
OCEAN VIEW DECK : 25,500 SQ.FT.
EXHIBIT AND PUBLIC AREAS : 175,065 SQ.FT.
TOTAL AQUARIUM AREA : 322,000 SQ.FT.
CONSTRUCTION COST : $55 MILLION.
ANNUAL VISITORS : 4, 00,000.
CONSTRUCTED : NOVEMBER, 1977

 The Monterey Bay Aquarium (MBA) is a public aquarium located in Monterey,

California, United States.
 The aquarium was founded in 1984 and is located on the site of a former sardine
cannery on Cannery Row.
 It has an annual attendance of more than two million visitors. It holds thousands
of plants and animals, representing more than 600 species on display.
 The aquarium benefits from a high circulation of fresh ocean water which is
obtained through pipes which pump it in continuously from Monterey Bay.
 The basic design of the aquarium pumps 7,570 litres (2,000 US gal) of seawater
from the Monterey Bay per minute, day and night, through the more than 100
exhibit tanks. During the day the water is filtered for viewing clarity.
 During the night, raw (unfiltered) seawater is pumped through exhibits, bringing
in food in the form of plankton.[citation needed] Waste ocean water from the
aquarium is returned to the bay.
 This design makes the aquarium ecologically essentially part of the ocean, and
allows the culture of organisms such as giant Kelp which are not suitable for
ordinary saltwater aquariums.
 All the exhibits and the aquarium facilities are accessible to the people with
disabilities.

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THESIS REPORT 2016
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THESIS REPORT 2016
EXHIBITS FACILITIES:
1. Tunnel Aquairum
2. Marine Gallery
3. Touch pool
4. Splash zones
5. Species Tanks
6. Underwater activity
7. Museum
8. Feeding shows
9. Conservation center
10. Auditorium
11. Shark Tank

SERVICE FACILITIES:
1.Water supply and circulation
2.Waste water treatment
3.Compressed air system
4.Emergency power
5.Induction area
6.Quarantine area
7. Food preparation area
8.Laboratory

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THESIS REPORT 2016
KELP FOREST:

Discover an underwater forest—at 28

feet, the Kelp Forest is one of the tallest aquarium
exhibits in the world. You'll get a diver's-eye view
of sardines, leopard sharks, wolf-eels and a HOST
of other fishes as they weave through swaying
fronds of kelp, just like they do in the wild.

The acrylic plastic (the same plastic as

Plexiglas and Lucite) that makes the various tank
walls ranges from 7.6 to 33 centimetres (3.0 to
13.0 in) inches in thickness, enabling them to
resist the pressure and high total force of the
water behind them.

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TOUCH POOLS:
Touch pools, let you feel the marine species like bat rays, star fishes, etc which floats at
the bottom of the water.

SPLASH ZONES AND PENGUINES:

Its an open place where
families can explore the ocean
together. Rockfish, sharks and
penguins call these places home.
Heres the Aquarium's largest
exhibit, a place where tuna and
sharks speed past, sardines swarm
in huge, glittering schools, and sea
turtles swim lazily across the 90-
foot window.

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THESIS REPORT 2016
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 6. SITE AND ITS LOCATION

PuthuVypin (New Vypin) is an upcoming major industrial area in Kochi in the

Indian state of Kerala. It is a western suburb of Kochi city. It is situated 5 km west of
high court junction.
PuthuVypin (New Vypin) is a part of Vypin Island. It borders Vembanad Lake to
the east, Arabian Sea to the west and south and Njarakkal to the north.

The main thoroughfares in the area are the Vypin –Munambam road and LPG terminal road.
Site is located in the southern part of puthuvype aligned parallel to the cochin backwater.
Site can be accesses by both roadways and waterways. The attractions nearby this site is
puthuvype beach (2 km) and Mahathma Gandhi beach in fort kochi(1 km).

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THESIS REPORT 2016
The boundries constitutes
North - LNG road towards puthuvype beach.
East - A tributary of vembanad lake flows and connects the cochin backwater.
South - Cochin backwater which connects the arabian sea.
West - Petronet LNG limited which is about 20 acres occupies near the site .

SITE AREA: 99.5 ACRES

The site is much directed with the sunlight since the southern side of the site is open to
backwater and sea. Wind flows from south to west direction predominantly. This site have
mangrooves on its east of about 60 acres and thus the site is considered to be in CRZ I and SEZs
policy. The site is opted for oceanarium since the site is located near the coastal region and the
backwater.

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 7. CONCLUSION

The oceanarium for tourism and the research solutions make us realize the economic
significance of tourism in innovative way.
In terms of tourist arrivals as well as receipts the performance of the state is above national
average. These innovations and advanced technology will let the tourism and research
development to International standards.

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THESIS REPORT 2016