What Is Supply Curve?: Elasticity and Supply Intercept

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What is Supply Curve?

supply curve, in economics, graphic representation of the relationship


between product price and quantity of product that a seller is willing and
able to supply. Product price is measured on the vertical axis of the graph
and quantity of product supplied on the horizontal axis.

What is Price Elasticity of Supply?

Price elasticity of supply (PES or Es) is a measure used in economics to show


the responsiveness, or elasticity, of the quantity supplied of a good or
service to a change in its price.

Factors that influence the elasticity of supply include the ability to switch to
production of other goods, the ability to go out of business, the ability to use
other resource inputs and the amount of time available to respond to a price
change.

Elasticity And Supply Intercept:

The positioning of a supply curve relative to the price and quantity axes
indicates the price elasticity of supply. A straight-line supply curve does not
contain all five elasticity alternatives. Nature of a supply curve is revealed by
the intersection with the vertical price axis and/or horizontal quantity axis.

There are Five Elasticity Alternatives -

Alternative Coefficient (E)


Perfectly Elastic E = ∞
Relatively Elastic 1 < E<∞
Unit Elastic E = 1
Relatively Inelastic 0 < E<1
Perfectly Inelastic E = 0

1. Perfectly Elastic: The coefficient of elasticity for this alternative is E = ∞.


It's a perfectly elastic supply curve, which is horizontal and intersects the
vertical price axis.
2. Relatively Elastic: The coefficient of elasticity for this alternative is in the
range of 1 < E < ∞.It's elastic supply curve, which is flat but not horizontal and
intersects the price axis.

3. Unit Elastic: The coefficient of elasticity for "Unit Elastic" is in the range of E
= 1. It reveals a unit elastic supply curve, which is a straight line extending
from the origin. Means, If the coefficient is exactly one, the good is said to be
unitary elastic. It can be said as if the supply curve is a straight line
passing through the origin, then the price elasticity of supply will be
equal to unity.

4. Relatively Inelastic: The coefficient of elasticity for this alternative is in the


range of 0 < E < 1. It's a relatively inelastic supply curve, which is steep but
not vertical and intersects the quantity axis.

5. Perfectly Inelastic: The coefficient of elasticity for this alternative is E = 0.


It's a perfectly inelastic supply curve, which is vertical and intersects the
horizontal quantity axis.
Graphical Representation of Price Elasticity of Supply and Five Elasticity

Alternatives of Supply Curve

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